From 3f56981b3a071be894856bcf5f0dcef7371a8da3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: xiaolai Date: Fri, 29 Mar 2024 14:48:35 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] keep updated --- 1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.1.3-ʌ.md | 16 ++++++++-------- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.1.3-ʌ.md b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.1.3-ʌ.md index 6f26be6c..3564e2bf 100644 --- a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.1.3-ʌ.md +++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.1.3-ʌ.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ -# 2.1.3. `ʌ/ɑː/ar` +# 2.1.3. `ʌ/ɑː/aːr` -从唇形上来看，`ʌ` 的唇形最小，`ɑr` 的唇形最大。 +从唇形上来看，`ʌ` 的唇形最小，`ɑːr` 的唇形最大。 -In terms of mouth shape, the vowel sound `ʌ` requires the lips to be the most closed, while the vowel sound `ɑr` requires the lips to be the most open. +In terms of mouth shape, the vowel sound `ʌ` requires the lips to be the most closed, while the vowel sound `ɑːr` requires the lips to be the most open. ![mouth shape of ʌ/ɑ](/images/vowels-mouth-ʌ-ɑ.svg) @@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ The American pronunciation of `ʌ` is actually quite similar to `ə`. For instan They even go a step further, simplifying many unstressed vowel sounds to `ə`, which is particularly referred to as a *schwa*. So, the word *encourage* is pronounced differently by Brits and Americans. Brits say `/ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/`, while Americans pronounce it as `/ɪnˈkɝːədʒ/`. In this case, not only is `ʌ` pronounced as `ə`, but the `ɪ` also turns into a *schwa*, `ə`... -在美式英语中，长元音 `/ɑː/` 常常会被儿化 —— 加上一个卷舌音 `r`，所以很多美式词典干脆用 `ɑr` 标注（包括 CEPD）。比如，*card* `/kɑrd/`, *mark* `/mɑrk/`。 +在美式英语中，长元音 `/ɑː/` 常常会被儿化 —— 加上一个卷舌音 `r`，所以很多美式词典干脆用 `ɑr` 标注（包括 CEPD）。比如，*card* `/kɑːrd/`, *mark* `/mɑːrk/`。 -The long vowel `/ɑː/` is often *rhotacized* - meaning it is followed by a `r` sound, which leads to many American Dictionaries replacing `ɑː` with `ɑr`, including CEPD. For example, *card* is pronounced as `/kɑrd/`, and *mark* as `/mɑrk/`. +The long vowel `/ɑː/` is often *rhotacized* - meaning it is followed by a `r` sound, which leads to many American Dictionaries replacing `ɑː` with `ɑr`, including CEPD. For example, *card* is pronounced as `/kɑːrd/`, and *mark* as `/mɑːrk/`. -在英音中，长元音 `ɑː` 对应的短元音是 `ʌ`。但，在美音中，长元音 `ɑr` 对应的更短版本是 `ɑː` —— 不要被这个长元音符号迷惑了，它实际上对应的是英音中的短元音 `ɒ`，只不过相对略长一些。比如，*hot*, 英音是 `/hɒt/`，美音是 `/hɑːt/`。 +在英音中，长元音 `ɑː` 对应的短元音是 `ʌ`。但，在美音中，长元音 `ɑːr` 对应的更短版本是 `ɑː` —— 不要被这个长元音符号迷惑了，它实际上对应的是英音中的短元音 `ɒ`，只不过相对略长一些。比如，*hot*, 英音是 `/hɒt/`，美音是 `/hɑːt/`。 In British English, the short vowel matching the long vowel `ɑː` is `ʌ`. However, in American English, the short vowel corresponding to the long vowel `ɑr` is `ɑː`, which is actually similar to the British short vowel `ɒ`, yet a little bit longer - don't be misled by the long vowel sign `ː` following `ɑ`. For instance, the word *hot* is pronounced `/hɒt/`in British English and `/hɑːt/`in American English. @@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ In American English, the British `ɑː` sound is pronounced as `æ`. The most co 总结一下，这也是美音比较特殊的地方： -> `ʌ` 相当于有三个版本 —— 短元音 `ʌ`（*but* `/bʌt/`），半长元音 `ɑː`（*hot* `/hɑːt/`）和儿化的长元音 `ɑr`（*card* `/kɑːrd/`）。 +> `ʌ` 相当于有三个版本 —— 短元音 `ʌ`（*but* `/bʌt/`），半长元音 `ɑː`（*hot* `/hɑːt/`）和儿化的长元音 `ɑːr`（*card* `/kɑːrd/`）。 To sum up, it's an interesting feature of American English: -> The sound `ʌ` actually has three versions. You've got the short vowel `ʌ` as in *but* `/bʌt/`, the semi-long vowel `ɑː` as in *hot* `/hɑːt/`, and the rhotacized long vowel `ɑr` as in *card* `/kɑːrd/`. +> The sound `ʌ` actually has three versions. You've got the short vowel `ʌ` as in *but* `/bʌt/`, the semi-long vowel `ɑː` as in *hot* `/hɑːt/`, and the rhotacized long vowel `ɑːr` as in *card* `/kɑːrd/`.