diff --git a/1000-hours/public/audios/us/city-us-female.mp3 b/1000-hours/public/audios/us/city-us-female.mp3 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c0692019 Binary files /dev/null and b/1000-hours/public/audios/us/city-us-female.mp3 differ diff --git a/1000-hours/public/audios/us/city-us-male.mp3 b/1000-hours/public/audios/us/city-us-male.mp3 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a34eeb17 Binary files /dev/null and b/1000-hours/public/audios/us/city-us-male.mp3 differ diff --git a/1000-hours/public/audios/us/sentence-it-done-alloy.mp3 b/1000-hours/public/audios/us/sentence-it-done-alloy.mp3 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9e346d65 Binary files /dev/null and b/1000-hours/public/audios/us/sentence-it-done-alloy.mp3 differ diff --git a/1000-hours/public/audios/us/sentence-it-done-nova.mp3 b/1000-hours/public/audios/us/sentence-it-done-nova.mp3 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..801ff53e Binary files /dev/null and b/1000-hours/public/audios/us/sentence-it-done-nova.mp3 differ diff --git a/1000-hours/public/audios/us/sentence-people-do-alloy.mp3 b/1000-hours/public/audios/us/sentence-people-do-alloy.mp3 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..8b7eb5a7 Binary files /dev/null and b/1000-hours/public/audios/us/sentence-people-do-alloy.mp3 differ diff --git a/1000-hours/public/audios/us/sentence-people-do-nova.mp3 b/1000-hours/public/audios/us/sentence-people-do-nova.mp3 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..32b6c508 Binary files /dev/null and b/1000-hours/public/audios/us/sentence-people-do-nova.mp3 differ diff --git a/1000-hours/public/audios/us/yet-it-is-a-fact.mp3 b/1000-hours/public/audios/us/yet-it-is-a-fact.mp3 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..fd0a0eb8 Binary files /dev/null and b/1000-hours/public/audios/us/yet-it-is-a-fact.mp3 differ diff --git a/1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/edge-tts-valcab-pronounciation.ipynb b/1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/edge-tts-valcab-pronounciation.ipynb index c93d58fe..766f7a6b 100644 --- a/1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/edge-tts-valcab-pronounciation.ipynb +++ b/1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/edge-tts-valcab-pronounciation.ipynb @@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ }, { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 64, + "execution_count": 1, "id": "cecefa85-b37d-457e-9e99-e582dabdfb9f", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ @@ -205,6 +205,8 @@ "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ + "pygame 2.5.2 (SDL 2.28.3, Python 3.12.1)\n", + "Hello from the pygame community. https://www.pygame.org/contribute.html\n", "Files created!\n" ] } @@ -216,7 +218,7 @@ "import edge_tts\n", "import pygame\n", "\n", - "TEXT = \"hotdog,network\"\n", + "TEXT = \"city\"\n", "Wordlist = TEXT.split(\",\")\n", "\n", "for w in Wordlist:\n", diff --git a/1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/sentence-openai.ipynb b/1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/sentence-openai.ipynb index 87296f6a..6297e9ff 100644 --- a/1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/sentence-openai.ipynb +++ b/1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/sentence-openai.ipynb @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "cells": [ { "cell_type": "code", - "execution_count": 16, + "execution_count": 21, "id": "e6525deb-267c-475f-a73a-7939c5bdca86", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ "name": "stderr", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ - "/var/folders/k_/t1vf2gd95jbc1j3k49xxdfy80000gn/T/ipykernel_17239/1823463615.py:29: DeprecationWarning: Due to a bug, this method doesn't actually stream the response content, `.with_streaming_response.method()` should be used instead\n", + "/var/folders/k_/t1vf2gd95jbc1j3k49xxdfy80000gn/T/ipykernel_17239/3460699688.py:29: DeprecationWarning: Due to a bug, this method doesn't actually stream the response content, `.with_streaming_response.method()` should be used instead\n", " rspd_audio.stream_to_file(speech_file_path)\n" ] } @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ "\n", "\n", "text = \"\"\"\n", - "People's opinions vary from individual to individual.\n", + "Some people do not believe in destiny.\n", "\"\"\"\n", "# Create audios for each versions (three was set as default previously.)\n", "\n", diff --git a/1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/sentence-people-do-alloy.mp3 b/1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/sentence-people-do-alloy.mp3 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..8b7eb5a7 Binary files /dev/null and b/1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/sentence-people-do-alloy.mp3 differ diff --git a/1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/sentence-people-do-nova.mp3 b/1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/sentence-people-do-nova.mp3 new file mode 100644 index 00000000..32b6c508 Binary files /dev/null and b/1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/sentence-people-do-nova.mp3 differ diff --git a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.4.1-stop.md b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.4.1-stop.md index 5660207b..449434ac 100644 --- a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.4.1-stop.md +++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.4.1-stop.md @@ -45,9 +45,26 @@ Regardless of the type, most of such stops occur when a previous consonant is fu Apart from *stops*, a sentence can be divided into several *meaning groups*, each separated by an obvious *pause*. -比如，*I don't think I've got any milk left*. 这句话显然会被分割为至少两个**意群**：*I don't think* | *I've got any milk left*. 因为两个意群之间有**暂停**，所以 *think* `/θɪŋk/` 末尾的 `k` 不会与后面的只有一个元音的单音节词汇 *I* `/aɪ/` 连在一起。另外，请注意这里的 *milk* —— 这个词你专门练过 —— 它末尾的 `k` 是个**喉塞音**…… +先听听这段话的录音[^1]： -For example, the sentence "*I don't think I've got any milk left.*" would likely be split into two meaning groups: "*I don't think*" and "*I've got any milk left.*" Because there's a *pause* between these groups, the `k` at the end of *think* doesn't connect with the following monosyllabic word *I*. Additionally, note the word *milk* - a word you've intensely practiced before - at the end, where there's a *glottal stop* with the `k` sound. +Check out the recording of this stentence: + +> *Yet, it is a fact of life that an unlettered peasant is considered ignorant.* +> +> 以下是这段音频的 *Waveform*（波谱）和 *Pitch Contour*（音高变化）： +> +> Here are the Waveform and Pitch Contour for this audio clip: +> +> ![yet-it-is-a-fact-of-life](/images/yet-it-is-a-fact-of-life.png) +> +> * *Pitch Contour* 截图来自学习辅助工具 [Enjoy](https://github.com/xiaolai/everyone-can-use-english)。 +> * The screenshot of the Pitch Contour is from the learning aid App [Enjoy](https://github.com/xiaolai/everyone-can-use-english). + +在 Waveform 里我们可以清楚地看到，这句话里有两处明显的停顿（用 `|` 标注）： + +In the Waveform, we can clearly see two significant pauses (marked with `|`) in this sentence: + +> *Yet, | it is a fact of life | that an unlettered peasant is considered ignorant.* **停顿**（*stop*）与**暂停**（*pause*）可以用**可否换气**进行区分： @@ -57,3 +74,5 @@ The distinction between *stop* and *pause* can be clarified by whether or not on > * A *stop* usually occurs between syllables where you don't need to, and often can't, take a breath; > * 意群之间的**暂停**（*pause*）是可以换气的 —— 当然若非必要也可以不换气； > * A *pause* typically happens between meaning groups, where you have the opportunity to take a breath - although it's not always necessary to do so. + +[^1]: This audio clip is extracted from the Audible edition of *Knowledge and Decisions* by Thomas Sowell. diff --git a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.4.2-cv.md b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.4.2-cv.md index e8903c13..8d302fb1 100644 --- a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.4.2-cv.md +++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.4.2-cv.md @@ -12,13 +12,13 @@ For instance, when saying *People's opinions vary from individual to individual* There are two particular types which are quite challenging and require deliberate practice. These involve the use of `t` and `l`, respectively. -在美式英语里，`t` 有个特殊的现象，它夹在两个元音之间的时候会被浊化，被读成弹舌音，用 `t̬` 表示，听起来接近 `d`…… 比如，在 city `/ˈsɪt̬i/` 这个词汇里， `t` 就夹在两个元音之间。 +之前提到过，在美式英语里，`t` 有个特殊的现象，它夹在两个元音之间的时候会被浊化，被读成弹舌音，用 `t̬` 表示，听起来接近 `d`…… 比如，在 city `/ˈsɪt̬i/` 这个词汇里， `t` 就夹在两个元音之间。 -In American English, the `t` sound has a unique characteristic. When it's sandwiched between two vowels, it's often voiced with an *alveolar flapping*, creating a sound very close to `d`. This is represented as `t̬`. For example, in the word *city* `/ˈsɪt̬i`/, the `t` is between two vowels. +It is previously mentioned that in American English, the `t` sound has a unique characteristic. When it's sandwiched between two vowels, it's often voiced with an *alveolar flapping*, creating a sound very close to `d`. This is represented as `t̬`. For example, in the word *city* `/ˈsɪt̬i`/, the `t` is between two vowels. -在自然语流里，同一个意群中，经常会出现以 `t` 结尾的词汇后面跟着一个以元音开头的词汇，并且，`t` 的前面是元音的概率也很高，所以，词汇之间出现 `t` 的浊化弹舌音 `t̬` 的情况非常普遍。 +在自然语流里，同一个意群中，经常会出现以 `t` 结尾的词汇后面跟着一个以元音开头的词汇，并且，`t` 的前面是元音的概率也很高，所以，词汇之间出现 `t` 的浊化弹舌音 `t̬` 的情况非常普遍。比如，*Get it done.* `/ɡet̬ ɪt dʌn/` -In natural speech flow, it's common to find a word ending with `t` closely followed by a word beginning with a vowel within the same meaning group. Furthermore, there's a high possibility that the `t` is preceded by a vowel. Therefore, the occurrence of the flapped `t̬` between words is incredibly prevalent. +In natural speech flow, it's common to find a word ending with `t` closely followed by a word beginning with a vowel within the same meaning group. Furthermore, there's a high possibility that the `t` is preceded by a vowel. Therefore, the occurrence of the flapped `t̬` between words is incredibly prevalent. For example: *Get it done.* `/ɡet̬ ɪt dʌn/` `l` 构成的连读，对绝大多数人来说，难点在于，如果前一个单词末尾的 `l` **舌尖动作不够完整**的话（即，结束的时候舌尖没有贴到龈脊）那么，`l` 这个弹舌音就发不出来，无法与后面的元音连上…… 尤其是在没有纠正掉用嘴唇动作替代舌尖动作的错误（乃至于有 `ʊ` 的音色）的情况下。 diff --git a/1000-hours/sounds-of-english/31-pause.md b/1000-hours/sounds-of-english/31-pause.md index 9fa50ab9..b7377dc4 100644 --- a/1000-hours/sounds-of-english/31-pause.md +++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-english/31-pause.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ > > 以下是这段音频的 *Waveform*（波谱）和 *Pitch Contour*（音高变化）： > -> ![](/images/yet-it-is-a-fact-of-life.png) +> ![yet-it-is-a-fact-of-life](/images/yet-it-is-a-fact-of-life.png) > > * 这段语音出自 *Knowledge and Decisions* by Thomas Sowell 的 Audible 版。 > * *Pitch Contour* 截图来自学习辅助工具 [Enjoying](https://github.com/xiaolai/everyone-can-use-english)。 @@ -49,4 +49,4 @@ 自然语音中的**非换气停顿**总是被第二语言学习者忽略 。不仅如此，也总是被流行的语音教材忽略，它们也好像都不是很在意这个关键细节。 -当人们追求 “流利” 的时候，总是误以为**连贯**（[2.3](26-catenation)）是最大的关键**。连贯**的确关键，但，的确还有比它更重要的因素，那就是**停顿**，首先，**没有停顿就没有节奏**；而后，更不可回避的事实是，我们讲话也好唱歌也罢，不可能没有停顿 —— **停顿不可或缺**。 \ No newline at end of file +当人们追求 “流利” 的时候，总是误以为**连贯**（[2.3](26-catenation)）是最大的关键**。连贯**的确关键，但，的确还有比它更重要的因素，那就是**停顿**，首先，**没有停顿就没有节奏**；而后，更不可回避的事实是，我们讲话也好唱歌也罢，不可能没有停顿 —— **停顿不可或缺**。