From 54c075a668812513c67ab6cf487c771a9d00175f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: xiaolai Date: Thu, 7 Mar 2024 07:45:57 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] keep updated --- .../public/audios/us/serendipity-us-guy.mp3 | Bin 0 -> 12384 bytes .../public/audios/us/serendipity-us-jen.mp3 | Bin 0 -> 11232 bytes .../public/images/Speech-Tract(zh-CN).svg | 67 ++++++++++++++++++ 1000-hours/public/images/vowels-lip-shape.svg | 26 +++++++ .../jupyter-notebooks/serendipity-us-guy.mp3 | Bin 0 -> 12384 bytes .../jupyter-notebooks/serendipity-us-jen.mp3 | Bin 0 -> 11232 bytes .../us_edge-tts-valcab-pronounciation.ipynb | 6 +- .../{01.soae.md => 0-soae.md} | 4 +- .../{1.basics.md => 1-basics.md} | 6 +- .../2-vocal-tract.md | 15 ++++ .../sounds-of-american-english/3-details.md | 20 ++++++ .../sounds-of-american-english/4-vowels.md | 13 ++++ .../sounds-of-english/04-vowel-positions.md | 2 +- 13 files changed, 150 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) create mode 100644 1000-hours/public/audios/us/serendipity-us-guy.mp3 create mode 100644 1000-hours/public/audios/us/serendipity-us-jen.mp3 create mode 100644 1000-hours/public/images/Speech-Tract(zh-CN).svg create mode 100644 1000-hours/public/images/vowels-lip-shape.svg create mode 100644 1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/serendipity-us-guy.mp3 create mode 100644 1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/serendipity-us-jen.mp3 rename 1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/{01.soae.md => 0-soae.md} (91%) rename 1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/{1.basics.md => 1-basics.md} (96%) create mode 100644 1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2-vocal-tract.md create mode 100644 1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/3-details.md create mode 100644 1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4-vowels.md diff --git a/1000-hours/public/audios/us/serendipity-us-guy.mp3 b/1000-hours/public/audios/us/serendipity-us-guy.mp3 new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7adc0e18e64a394a43bf233a21e24de31bab39de GIT binary patch literal 12384 zcmeI1Wn2_r*svE^knVQr?nXjn>F$tDNdXCIk%k4NJEglrq`Rd%1VKPTK&AfVysW?H zef{F+=l$Y*n7QZP+26VLI`^45vj;eR(GLQFkmMhBAY};^866!R_<;sFwYT;Z6%}@} zr+Vx{*^*D&iYjcXg7?G|#&O03lh;67+dThOLscAcA7L)qCG%dDDWAwwZ1SE7zz@eW zzGqZ*!EZ}^kKfXgCk~j<2;UnpAaQR25iP>E(zF5KldISqz)YL~pb7YVjS@RzZ1{ri;y~Z%c!o%6pd~qjovFC-XYj4NrtUUR@_Ww6N zLCD1+VrcYsm4SaK#qh)VdrMxQop2jqyh;<&XHg<&zyGFG-mCf=&T~W6&T{mQdk`TJ z7GuCIY7fKaZ#*QfQBF3(h*6D9hNZKO?G(yk>;=Hq%3qA!;N;=ah*^>K2Ca;d#|?dL ztXOjN>G?E)?3482jhUGeRhEIFF#dtQ>u|)DzH|S3-x7YK4qCQ&0!qo=t+HQaMMDMB z=b^lzSk;{6R64N>WOEh$JF3Fz*BzVJy5S6p)@`DAR)1FU2&cb^~m%K zh0!%;5xrWBO`<6YSmsi?j~`a64^LV+ zMy-$J@6W?e{HSpb=ZWXk7QXHF#RR<=eOf#>FD<*`6T`HuztrWhJYKsqbZGDw);$vQU1=R&?b_N3 z^*^d>wC7#sBL2Lc)Y=)=P_IcY#m=zZw0}@j`FN;{MOo1ROHMBMb&Gw6l!+ei#&scTsUZZ++{DCVSd z3i#2-Olv4hoW-NVD@jTJk>>#HXp6ojD1qe*&Bmm`>C7^Xf%D|kgLyF#)JPHP4&GQ# zCI)`NG9pob&yn~joW0zT9`Qn~F4GO=iL$VZ263I`{miv8{UBW$!t=)=)kSB-JN=|l zi6PqWDe}V~TYkM)yO0qHpq2)6dpfN#iE@}{lau&A;bU5>IRn#FLsG@_XtoiyW$za3%y;ueQ#b77j z&+|;DOyKS1=X-%z|5Jw(^6D>g1>h;h_#LKKIj}dBlfGm2y`P>Ahp#|hUro$)`@tvXYD|->7OCFNwmQR;q#=mWCsAx`8QjJg z+z!KdVg5?hwa_g6nMkG((H1Y$)9GCiZW?L_JPjT*XBQ0S#E&76_!f19%e9-uGkw8TCS5a(JV6U=_Qeg(LquKBxo*TG_dJ3ED$T)@ zvTrl7A34|IE!D~)jX!Bm%u_fi*;YW?^!b!@fP`7n{SJ2`1DlKV_yzs8tKt5cl6}5DXcHc;ogo0mZ2QggcsXqS)@)o+iRUW5F3AHjkLhPPNvU=OCNVwj z;2u>p8V+RF$|_7hR=vL4`PDoJ&PF};+6seA{?HE&Xd0W6E zIAhOO-x=b;d6+49!nSTLWKHk_b;nll5(o7Psf>naYC#cz09W(m&b&P?FF5f1Kt8V| z?)T-4>P-#S04|N)NCZ~`b~_8*CYgriRBl0JJiHG&8-$R~66DXg37qDZxo z?JPgN7<3sT31d-D4=HsB$7>|+-;c49a#o+07YfFNo&V_J(vw)^+En zoD1UnKXmogtjH|N6Naz1q3?6ZoN0Cb)JzySyLq3hZFbjo)#SjvXseGCf#d&HkqZDkVEPs+7K>tc^#H1}j{CpRd&SXKm( zsY4$YutC1jT5F&?VUn4@L`(4JxdI8QCr<=7?%T?__rVijbw*4KL>#0XKh+jgZU!t^ zaG^h(#~Nb6x$-P=^ceswKTRcaC2d_ZNdB(~4XtH+<`DJEd-Y*4gw2b1E~0*Ccc;Uk zmrI|h=h`)Mw#DDX6W#<91)FGT2dxAurDkTPre;RyWKo>%iRIHqhsWhBZ@mr~ouDV@ zxGxB-ZHe=sjht1%V`fbdBQFHDkwZYkWgLQrPGL0bp&`_kex2rB{cs-7$9cWWoew;C zC_+EuRT-RD6kvo9!4=7qrfgHYV*-Zbx|kZDTC<^^y_${RGWNT zuoBs-tCdKZn(lo~fd_EyoNbEY5M)R?Qr_g_4?Jx72Vt5)kt1^eWau>KyZo3hfezGK zLNx2xxAUwR>*}l(LC=FHx*NAgzk{+D&JzXUGw7xCkwNBR5>-W)Fb5ZWEUEKN5sTLl zbFQn>GgS8()2u~x#Z@U`5wY?i)Sp4kisnIk(rgm$Bf9N}wcG{VotyXOo8v;JaZ#sd zQ-}R;zL&=+>L>V=tgIX3`6T1f-L2W~EM%6kamOn{$_B6)@duZG+S)K*L~^~|MJQuU z&Jf(f(9~DWL4fmQLo``?pZUl@9o(Cm_$rm?wz)h5T$K1d0%P%S9)FpLj(C(=!JBS5 z(Ul|2fj`+Dxjz zQzzBVlUdpZnq(Wc)(T$2;bFNRA~&}N+Do$6hpTsD*JqA~H4<{>hu`y@!dUY0=;L9a zl#M$_Bjh#z{Ql=aP(4!^Df8%5JnOfkfhez$>k*Tc7prid7J8}j(PzB_A-s^@B8mLl zwij!q>!+69eFdaoK}bDJx_q-@Ls-yJ!@`?UvL3B5CXV`O_QqEgAp46FWAE^L|8JvZC9g$h~Qd`Go}O&O6zx^|wVD zCigM1yZXknmHF+B7V#_K?l-+DaGnaP&76gM??icPw%g*c8=I^uRXrCT253s>$QZ^( z`9j)Yjhv(Xdeiv$q?U6{3SlnC9E+S=~W$$J7 z_Cpyj#%+ayU4v;PQIV36-Q^$NU?>(%=T{K2P-rY$<7w}qjf?t98ImT7ZC{dX55rBt z`LC}Op8W1Fniu4Q*nQy7wf%_7H7*Sw6&5E2_#IBaMJf~zb0gvq7QIp}awz7_#YA!5 zs{r+G0DF7G-{_JGkV##mq8eIoM{8#DV)hS6&7652h zu%?YNqLiaYIm7~&bS>%g7Y9*t_KV&Pm%R1VA4ObGfO{$lCQ%oK7jFK%PGJ_UEyk<} z_Pwq!yOL!gqFQG}Mmt$uIge3y{z7s}%Dqk}I8Qm16nUJ-jN*?F&ljGgj40eaI}Gxs z7eEE`CbfCc@Xjj$FtlPV%}XY`GX##KI5)05nT$4WK2>?BJ@gB)l|+3zIpmIj-tA)X zzzW3M6Y+E;k`b03Xkr;ii;RJfnr5HghtW`EW{=$Iz7gp-U%@(ge33E{j#WXlE{l(Z z7@5@7=|*Oqj7dvD1LvuQ&~1!&hfn8;K`{BQ{Vfh zMK+ca%A&N`5~3WI=BcqY5QSK~IP@)<`%r$}Sqtr*nn^jg#_gueR}DGkIVApyr4frh z10H310Yit-qa*?60jU8d3ShC!T+@FPC9aC&m+li0(fFZf^%cGZAdYVN*(I4E}M7yuwq zYIFV|H31$$s}BJl4mj_ zdEF9NO8e>XG;sAybR1)Mk1>0E%2JAd^lTEwEb?p}&NIUo!mEyum5TtBROAKZn$=Po z#w(T69R`s`KM5WSCWzh-fS?~66%JFj(5E+{YEE;0R8J*o@xz)8wiI>omolVllVWHW z8oH9N3_03G?a4RgisY8*{JufcBabykphdeTp`}8F`vq9Bd9ll zPllh-VT8}2K(#*6(WmmWND??tIR9+QglU==NMvJrkyw1_rkG)IaiZ>C{69;{iAUdU zz|X}5grvho$vaywK6i?D)%^Z_!2NWC!v2XEPeos&l4h)c=jo^7a5`O97Gwqf%9C&% z5Q4$*^T)RpQW9F6==uh71ZGs1hMr~tZmf${45^nI`$oW#5;{YA^jxQ|Hp53}Ufu$w z6>d0>AY)*DE7y`2C^AM;V=yRzHPo@g^eZn{q4vA|Uul*pv!#2HEiYi}cOxm{8Vs)Fb|_BQ4y&ee|>iR0Io|@MbX0NoKN=V&ZxUI03+JJtw=|h?>O)`K zo9)TPNv~jI5!KzuGLqt$+m_@TJ9qKn3}1r zA|w`5jO+p$OePJ=xnWT4tvNz_p$=A`Ekd4n!Xhm}Sr$bNsq=HW%gp;wt@$h?FNbho zVKI`FoEZz(cAyuH5sI>Ud8g8?P<>eKp$q51rO{>_RP7m1*(Sqy>|6N+{E=3WqJ4&h zvSryI)&KsBsOVZXi`d3^J(uHsGntcivsN=bSiU3hB?mf2yJH@Ll5r?k?oZ!2lrmG` z1kl!%60+fpt}-0odz95jDPT9>RB~cS;VEjht7%~)}M>3 zTRZ=$M?~2*;vN7LoC9x@lw^1hlxy#PqdwZG;?2vsP17_QPu0>QD%$BFWo!Yi_9dSksu?& zq9|R35pmiT)6vtFP~7e?6$Q;5gTS%%1l#v@7+ zak{l^%1-tR)p6j`+#yGI%F11?z>7~7wBocO;{2x|bUCPiK=i72u|*+E(;2VD%6 z7P@h^Q*a(^$WNy__lNOL>{=C&k_O6CXxwfl^^R$;A5rGP4`kY&EMz1t-Ij1-RS5Wi ziKj?{^mC>zKH;g5qXy3hMSG0@&TO)4ht0g+*}*C^SCD^t-#5q(zEQ(*Kzq0$bCVVT z_X`z(#OwZ`Xgq2QO346_d}dcQUSphrS?LJh`P7|Ntxp@YV8)=3uTTGX{XDMZ{Pa-I ziRy(>h)^B`<$<=iiAf)dUa26c&?%brNe9KC269$pwaqJXH_?a54`mnM4FKGXe6p(| z-Nkosd3Sx7`R4lJu?qm(3v;vNuCVZVY-dgGVg@KOopgRu)2c^LGH&=f56@}hJae!si;K?49Ft?6)B&=!2nnrPc@9r;xEv=33MJ;E|33teIb7B%% zuiXMpoyQKkE& zAuM}=ywDLW3OP(kohG!pQjV6(Y>cXCXFgQgo|qX&K-}o&X|4HKJPfs4 z1S?esh%+H2)ij`Yc-k43E>k|XexAdnp=X#mwlpq2F|^NU)VM38GVy>Ed2*q>^QV`C^0z@e`xJt`jC+1 zRYa`ulF-&!Fb>qpRw|0}E&)NF;>?O^EEKWiIeM@;6c-f%+G_9=;?-h7V}UA3f2=od zCDGIv8C)!4?jIgPH%tfe8KN z-45F7E*dwM^6NsQ+q2t=QtK+O(9Opv3oBdX03lXisj z5K#9f)IacmFrQ$g_liBIEL=_5v@1Xsp?y0#(5lPAzR?${3yYgJE2Tzob{4^pBLD|c zbBPTG5Rx~%eikZiKBl@$n!=MF+OGc+IB5gs{S|?$)|;yE=LOi2ZkFMHa5 z>9R2WDYxOL|B-9ek1l`veHHgED&SUlq90Q=QkP7V944*KSx$-UlWR@hx?9CGIFQFU zfqsde{0L#{{JkVdm}w#CPC)wVwL+R+a{vAas!cE=*yzob6_SSgr}xF_k`c1jSJGbB zos5`ya6cT770v{0A8^(O20V!`ngpO)y+GEXry0h|wxh0fW9Qf2^YgZe2WhOubLAZp zV%?5|dD|^Eh(WrH(e{1MiM8&fBNKDzz6&_d4CEB)RuMVX6CY#hrZ9gWkF*G!O?gJ; zM~h)sTH&!$ar(%P>FxUa$AGWB>`r|CaDhxPGBH2YKHgjZ%ElsYHe(RZ^OQm)?6re; zWY$}Uss$Ydjf0#)p7eM3?{sxPHOX=6NHqw{vlF<*j3%HzZEhxsmrUKjZc)Sj+_|YW zsiDhA(d0xMoBty@`4AsA7S+F$T`pWkaXd{$j&QC;^fS}VWrY589e)-Yn!#dNjri0> zBCU(A2`%DuPsF?^c_BQ!DJsfo>7>Z2+N=XF<@fuAB6*z!6tO2KDLZ74vNw+@SVF3M zm=&GkyN**u0<5Gn7Pz~^zBD`l$}x0MyI|Apb|j4aFL-$S(0M*u>MnOy&yMa^ebg!M zdXsL+TE)(-nf$C!^dRq`i4bQtuMPPTQ9)$rc*U$x@0Dw{8+q}XmG{hMQDr_-QB0B{ zjO>+UPW*!MJct?0)Qv3#_hUgELC%ip6{by}N3TpzPfqwmeY0g}2B~|ceu)(}X0Lc;+saS-uXvQ}%iu}^A*BGg! z4rwhH>ZU|06$aon>@t?(K^tGe(C_J^eSJh0xffUVA2M%YRjXBew>M+0+cVGBKFWE% z9@ByIM3UIDQrMe^fPMO^#Qkt_lnuB1`!#NkmsSr_o3K9bBD$%is%T$Pu8hsnYMLHO z@h4IhMYI@S#N2gpXd~s}RZ-ZZ(x0iw1R-`}-DEe^WCjoWDSMu_)LS!o?JA-J-xT!#%>4& zbzn%YL$I(o+TL1A2fCV%hS$M@Zs+DxldX%b(imE`=`~D1FpTt6ubZ(WXd zh&JL8+gel@8gr@((Pj(Sdl(Y@_)7-Esx=GT&nL26AKYAdSq4+IfoO%EgQ*h{$Gr11 z4FiH-FGv_#bW)aS5$JebXbk~i;^`!C$sa-J{8eMr+VWR`Y6NU#3$6XV*H3Q?1a#DR zbb!HA4nB5|G41Q$|8MM3ekVr-3CSXyGT|lATeN3(wNHAVxzHNebMPe_t}Sk{eHGs- z$CbwC<;DVbQuM8&ty1*a>&F;U^k3AEv8U+Uz@HPlW9;>V`c^3@=%l37wh&yiyuct7 zTp?;`9}*Z7ms=tz37dwgRgn>aq@6;Kb-$>Zt(uvhlm>8BBG-7{7=LGzgXbS!+HMS`ujhg z|1t3A@Xya57k`WX`T3ibKe>N?{LHio1ed3_rI0VaQ0%3_&D}Bt>B)OU^kA83c&}3KAp@IWuG!f`EX4fCS0$0m&K3 z0wM@V4hp@_v){Y*S?=H6t*x?uboG6A*XgUS)93DUx`AVx9uNqGrSxkDQk7Mc*VEHu zwIVF#da2QWONK47?^srrD$B}JifCnhJKWU@oHGpgK(FT-5n#|8pruD;pKTHF6}ZR) zPzE~?H&Ho`rBzw##n#a@eUNgbjW#gaCf=`2UAzEK(iUA(bB~OF4Y_eSr#rY1cb`C=ZJvLf~ks zw<>TzIBe%U)8X`e21zt`lq?h^=qSlX`d)SSY=#e4EPdt{P`AgMxK&TNh5WU}wk&1mCs&!d;k(-0|191SQ}e=SJS7?8=zu2A(nFr_peyH$#!-KF)bL?Ulvm84AZM zCa|_4{&xA4ptptw8FHV$n`cFzag@;6Rpk_hQzK`jit#Kx^<~`4{5#WV!-IpbO&4kx zilY1)Rvfo;Ui#V0Oj+pBY%O{yb0$`WJYc9Mhk&E|?z+0v*PwYWB%TOgh;+{>+eZ3y zwam&V&^p1fh4JBbRFi~CZ?Zg3y5g)yB}cs*0u>j}=K3c1yk{y*JM*Z4%6qu}nY-cT zHjk?m6Z--_t0M$~&eR#d-9eb|=wHWoJkg&67c1O=H!D--US=>r|){POBHOhthVY^epGH zeughiD-#tn@u8wwrJKopzI$wjhs*WeC9&4Z{Uy>)SH`K1ougu zlDZQSt%*G5eEmDey6GJp%>2@UG)3n7HI=I?z|B)E-?ukMXr5Lc z0YNZ^u?)sOhQHn(q4s)M&8?%?*cVE@wW9s>uOoh*_0gk)rq_n_mDvK6KO2*uFD%YVX@I^ERo{@j|c8Y%i8riaHsd zVIQw-pNVDSQ6r00E2etnAiVsjM|#%JFL2eM`@?hJj0|L?OGE90z)xmflk8|7GL~<+ zyNp7y?}FK(dS1vmofK@D1Z5}!#)Uka%vj(^zgNcgb92#J;oW&xX`|W}%O`53WcyU@ z%}o1p`XvnMhd)fJ%1(hzwSj#&>PtNUycHX2j|*86r3jb{V@f1h`Z3b}dvRmtzy0*(535_4O=I zmi70*1$$bHp8J0{+?XoZ^7V{A)Yx`^S%0zRmz>CwYx5m>nfXczD@6R^=}aMXY`I(1 zo(10iI-0V8JHTQV1+7aGdB_*@H9A6{FGd8(r=o;~NkFOBpB#a|RtXuAJE?~W886|?_Gihk9hP)%kOKFAk^9IE*C<9 z0!~U7)g0lqyd`e+0=9nOr`Z5-Q&BN`%A5oSju+#BlR&lfCgyR@jW~i!f5&V@QWnmw zx6o+Tq6~_W$T^W+(y;6O^qz1!@7j3Uo7^gTXX@slpEOaUS)#G{XdX#Mzn44a%bHTX zin{pj!jZUd3*|c5YSq%HoKJ2%#TN(7!$!h`6AbcOlXifas{kX>H=ZgKzXr?ony7uK z0NpYK9!I(giaSD7E;d(0X>SWO=Yns|xzei%tF~MONU7Tk)F}1!R^qq3v}yCW5zX4+ z91wIsMHU^1GO9l-h>MzAGd6S8h2GG|N}zdE7;AIe%)8}@XG-&qncir`I;D?K&R!a+ zSWI5A>)U(T(rtW_wIf82R#=x7)JxSBhD`)BFJ?AvAE=QYShRd}j+!;k`!JF+hMcXz zenNlMMkkYUtWhnH-{zFbe|>3piy>m_3uP7*Tf-*-&kngco@+9@H%z0oqu)NAURnRt z;>6o=R(RgvG!V^W%mj~W7VDm>z25$k;->ZrziD%%rhWcb`S`vz#v2Sl!l(tK*l`K4 zGi!Jsnl$F^Dzi_SwIfN1_cxtD{JhWn@?p2$R?uNiK0Wh$dV#$o=Curd7on|NnDaS; zF=U!Wc&>xZQPcU@j|4?KJOH_E<2qf2G<3TLuG-%PtA}>0ht%}omRYm_z@|c zU42pYOp^JG8c&Ph2uX{Dq9{fXgzk!2e%l5W#4jmR-dS6`n9$Vwc;CI#;+NYs^2ej0 zI5d1SZKJ>H?4>s|#PY|S@Da5_GG!zV7s)5!O{r%vn&$K5YpSg*V|6J5DYL1#ZYFfgLY7;ag>LDET5m(g7QF`q@T7Sx}sxV>zA#1E`RCi~A1_F;G-#$9Oa%;*!Q%zHy_ zEEvyY3QXzn`*}MGV27r@Xr2T{0rq9{uE8OmfC=KrsfqO+f4SXwy`~6?nfWvqKS)jU zw5Na*weIBu6X(l79@93xXGOB^tcS14nsuFr%>)ao`(p zT&DSha7aS#bQ*+3>@D-^YKTd~ff3>D(IMlLHk*{HanDr>;9vBs2kyGI+&5+Tx#<&4 zON!<}F)640)AoYcBcX@_OA2YAL*&ZdmtZ0h?XLd`0CpU~c-Yd^S?6j3}(LmD4?nm9r%UOUxkJc&#)eAto8+Cr3eu6SY6ge84FfW!d_?FaTLD& zs`9y-%vD`!m44Bu>j|M%6X%aTafniydK4<~vJ|;+r1n%#Y|IeN^OgZMfilO9V)VKe zp9N+=K7JwboG;0h`GAuL19xJb4Ep1xQB)JN5Iv`FZ8Q$(SGD1aY#+yfavCOpiJv%K z*Rp<&64Ol`@O%^;dhY@`;xJH>@cpB{nG$1@%|Ka!|1(Ypf@nq66Vzn3|pH{ ziYt7n;X&+eF(rD@wY2uzD2?O`5?ta988lBflOrn9!bApSDTglvq5J-Dm@?NBRsbSW zB~m06P{Oh&kG~!!yG0qg?y4NAL>D6f6?A|Vh*&}^h*?1*3hh6~mL4{&CJJ%-W8z^T zAz0WTFe@=W+h-wuSt;BV066=!$GUk0(Pdw6qa&8|U^nDr4fc;peE93h0)Rx>6k5Cx(6J$F)klm}@96#zsH; zkCAxM-`Y=ZZV;6-Q8AU;ZBdX~$b>g4-b|VEL{&9535lxHEy~%C;#b~zobh+qgBHqj|I;AGm91h6Y>7Zn*8`T;y?L zLhPD4Qyj)axDIp#6&__YjMMVn{)V8ebIe_j)!jWvNhU-<9ZR=^di5*A9%{fDCbc)ALG(qlA&VfO(3|8Z1_wL}qgReJE~h4vz*F-;aWQ4C7)OUpO6kp9yUMyKw!vka z_uH3V-m;GoGB!{{rqHQ#vYrpi?Y}%N3a{!>TM`D7x4j&;i6pVYk_ZamjX4=Oc_l#v z>yN0k(>HZC7{6g77H&}}#DOhB#*=e3-R!w7#H>Xv%g2H{UJbC7pm`q983`InYtVrf zg>+RIK5Um(7k~7^V|_qfcGAjkwqJP;T)h}qXx-c02=u1LkzkCQC5h_dAOT5<;ob0wkZl-GpZqK?SpVN?FdTf$OAOL**TC&Z$lK+bPszkLj`h#rXE4?61 zb3$=MIzb*OMi4IA4++coNCifQFQ|%hAhKqY$q`Qcu+;pj$23#JV0Vg0>$?w^b^%U^MKhf zCaTdqrTpX}ST~l|n-blM3MvSZ=xG)^N>xd?vE2+=1{h%NEQ`Ha7Z#Z3&a`pNmX+?hm?*ku=^ zLTPh-IS(6K$w=+PqU-%Y;1n@W!#2NJUhH*+Tx$QdihJtRA76U7S@QmWP6L3Ow@kgM zm}=aaM3Bgea3Lo~&So?ZDXZjJ#ZZPJXgeTAR5c&8O2;Oinl-l|)NZq(DPT4VcjOLz zK=(CfcOywrz*@6#L^d8GVxA^jnC~Stwl+bBL8lCcalq|gH1B3N#b=#W*_DS6mOj7C zOB=1V=&zm_&Bp%7@`&nP`*QMKen5r_-|>1yWI&=ycJ~dRnSkq4l@Eaan?7wWg}#?QqlZ8I-*Tu0ug)dOs2YL0!|^Z) zN(H5s+IG>y{7Q#&7r!(xngVPM42IFTyNW^ONs35L-T9ft4t6*8s>h@_M3kcGkNKbt zU{Y+SAW&LNx;9m&^L4y7?OS~A_tl!U1%#{)>z0O8dm>?I9u~%b_WPNi%f)EhSvIB# znPoD~-P5eJemHb$EgYnzs1t(AxT(+(t_EDO7R(7VvDDA%HNlFkBJQr_C!q>9aKB_e zFkDKDu!UPp&%SI5(yjL1_0m#xepOC*Uu8ot2y9S=d@g@=z51SX+-(HUQqA!Lr%oek z>zyNU%%It>B!}c2Wqz@(prwYa+5AZM0In zWHoBCQvGZe%_GC`qM_<#S5GN0)mPAdown)sZPXUHNn4Ry0iIr69gJt#*|)zAymmh2 z)nqr9F*bMCL}o9F24(Q9OmIi>UPxFOXs?oZ$iSwNnxY0tZ%APH_5%;YI)R^*u=?eE z9vKZS35&9JHJp^;@Iy49G>~$*96I{k3tjSY~8FCk(Dpz|DFHnF$q_p z%)7B8J3Tj7x=Ri)-pN%5hkz5fH-Mkx$&cc(L)Z?cCSMa2fCy6;-W0sdT)Fs)?b)Y- zqRB6c8t~$~T{o$X{9sJNg6tBrvo*jp)yasxQVrZL-O5SL(OtmBy`8x-lc3JVD`rnF z0ykB8kE?YifY?k^#%=13#)GLyGi0gKlim4Qm4)C!`>|$l&n$V_CHJInY9qP!yj;F` zq!p7el^LFJ=3&16v6rr~xPtnz)tf3}BC14JGsX|>PwE>DVUzu#Rnhu;gGRt~?KzMl z%uwg{@s!81+Je( zDyX|wE)_|U8<$0P>SCi)pVX@)@;C-ob`Qmlx)PKq=8cLbiP;m+q$Jc&oGMRu+s$&7 zWn_CF6}6=RqbAX2)Cp689~m1;SaTfd>w*r+>QPHAt@<@pwV_X^-sMrwYl;aS_o5uD zrZg`m1obE0{*P>}MmGu;dL+d)x*9jIL|LZJmadPZhZXYgMo9OQb&~H?ta)!ZC3V{M{v(qI%6I+N&WPEQ^<%+> zX?d(Jaf7)3?8U0Rx+su2#tvKdZ|Ejh*Z6n7ddz-&#FnChdzfbGST7rgOv#sJ!{EnG{lGnyMFs z=1CN)5I&*sOEj~#fr&}j(cI&l2+KN>&t8EXK-SfGqa>2kIq5U&Z5iKubE_^bEh|^L zi&OW`h;_2&t1&%oCSQ9fypdZ_Tfzg41kC_e% za+VIVK&7(!z?dVHPr)U=95Lv5T zuNSzNbE*Se|L^O`f3Ge72aeG^-v9ak^&*Z;V`Jb(1~Uq62+`7QC+ z&u=>Z2>$x{L&}AspWk%+5&ZS@hmzkC ifBpQX + + Speech-Tract(zh-CN) + + + + + + + 舍背 + + + 舌尖 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 下巴 + + + + 牙齿 + + + 龈脊 + + + 上唇 + + + 下唇 + + + 舍 + + + + 声带 + + + + 咽 + + + + 喉 + + + + + 气流 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1000-hours/public/images/vowels-lip-shape.svg b/1000-hours/public/images/vowels-lip-shape.svg new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b10dd71b --- /dev/null +++ b/1000-hours/public/images/vowels-lip-shape.svg @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ + + + vowels-lip-shape + + + ɔ + + + + ʊ + + + e + + + ɑ + + + ɪ + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/serendipity-us-guy.mp3 b/1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/serendipity-us-guy.mp3 new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7adc0e18e64a394a43bf233a21e24de31bab39de GIT binary patch literal 12384 zcmeI1Wn2_r*svE^knVQr?nXjn>F$tDNdXCIk%k4NJEglrq`Rd%1VKPTK&AfVysW?H zef{F+=l$Y*n7QZP+26VLI`^45vj;eR(GLQFkmMhBAY};^866!R_<;sFwYT;Z6%}@} zr+Vx{*^*D&iYjcXg7?G|#&O03lh;67+dThOLscAcA7L)qCG%dDDWAwwZ1SE7zz@eW zzGqZ*!EZ}^kKfXgCk~j<2;UnpAaQR25iP>E(zF5KldISqz)YL~pb7YVjS@RzZ1{ri;y~Z%c!o%6pd~qjovFC-XYj4NrtUUR@_Ww6N zLCD1+VrcYsm4SaK#qh)VdrMxQop2jqyh;<&XHg<&zyGFG-mCf=&T~W6&T{mQdk`TJ z7GuCIY7fKaZ#*QfQBF3(h*6D9hNZKO?G(yk>;=Hq%3qA!;N;=ah*^>K2Ca;d#|?dL ztXOjN>G?E)?3482jhUGeRhEIFF#dtQ>u|)DzH|S3-x7YK4qCQ&0!qo=t+HQaMMDMB z=b^lzSk;{6R64N>WOEh$JF3Fz*BzVJy5S6p)@`DAR)1FU2&cb^~m%K zh0!%;5xrWBO`<6YSmsi?j~`a64^LV+ zMy-$J@6W?e{HSpb=ZWXk7QXHF#RR<=eOf#>FD<*`6T`HuztrWhJYKsqbZGDw);$vQU1=R&?b_N3 z^*^d>wC7#sBL2Lc)Y=)=P_IcY#m=zZw0}@j`FN;{MOo1ROHMBMb&Gw6l!+ei#&scTsUZZ++{DCVSd z3i#2-Olv4hoW-NVD@jTJk>>#HXp6ojD1qe*&Bmm`>C7^Xf%D|kgLyF#)JPHP4&GQ# zCI)`NG9pob&yn~joW0zT9`Qn~F4GO=iL$VZ263I`{miv8{UBW$!t=)=)kSB-JN=|l zi6PqWDe}V~TYkM)yO0qHpq2)6dpfN#iE@}{lau&A;bU5>IRn#FLsG@_XtoiyW$za3%y;ueQ#b77j z&+|;DOyKS1=X-%z|5Jw(^6D>g1>h;h_#LKKIj}dBlfGm2y`P>Ahp#|hUro$)`@tvXYD|->7OCFNwmQR;q#=mWCsAx`8QjJg z+z!KdVg5?hwa_g6nMkG((H1Y$)9GCiZW?L_JPjT*XBQ0S#E&76_!f19%e9-uGkw8TCS5a(JV6U=_Qeg(LquKBxo*TG_dJ3ED$T)@ zvTrl7A34|IE!D~)jX!Bm%u_fi*;YW?^!b!@fP`7n{SJ2`1DlKV_yzs8tKt5cl6}5DXcHc;ogo0mZ2QggcsXqS)@)o+iRUW5F3AHjkLhPPNvU=OCNVwj z;2u>p8V+RF$|_7hR=vL4`PDoJ&PF};+6seA{?HE&Xd0W6E zIAhOO-x=b;d6+49!nSTLWKHk_b;nll5(o7Psf>naYC#cz09W(m&b&P?FF5f1Kt8V| z?)T-4>P-#S04|N)NCZ~`b~_8*CYgriRBl0JJiHG&8-$R~66DXg37qDZxo z?JPgN7<3sT31d-D4=HsB$7>|+-;c49a#o+07YfFNo&V_J(vw)^+En zoD1UnKXmogtjH|N6Naz1q3?6ZoN0Cb)JzySyLq3hZFbjo)#SjvXseGCf#d&HkqZDkVEPs+7K>tc^#H1}j{CpRd&SXKm( zsY4$YutC1jT5F&?VUn4@L`(4JxdI8QCr<=7?%T?__rVijbw*4KL>#0XKh+jgZU!t^ zaG^h(#~Nb6x$-P=^ceswKTRcaC2d_ZNdB(~4XtH+<`DJEd-Y*4gw2b1E~0*Ccc;Uk zmrI|h=h`)Mw#DDX6W#<91)FGT2dxAurDkTPre;RyWKo>%iRIHqhsWhBZ@mr~ouDV@ zxGxB-ZHe=sjht1%V`fbdBQFHDkwZYkWgLQrPGL0bp&`_kex2rB{cs-7$9cWWoew;C zC_+EuRT-RD6kvo9!4=7qrfgHYV*-Zbx|kZDTC<^^y_${RGWNT zuoBs-tCdKZn(lo~fd_EyoNbEY5M)R?Qr_g_4?Jx72Vt5)kt1^eWau>KyZo3hfezGK zLNx2xxAUwR>*}l(LC=FHx*NAgzk{+D&JzXUGw7xCkwNBR5>-W)Fb5ZWEUEKN5sTLl zbFQn>GgS8()2u~x#Z@U`5wY?i)Sp4kisnIk(rgm$Bf9N}wcG{VotyXOo8v;JaZ#sd zQ-}R;zL&=+>L>V=tgIX3`6T1f-L2W~EM%6kamOn{$_B6)@duZG+S)K*L~^~|MJQuU z&Jf(f(9~DWL4fmQLo``?pZUl@9o(Cm_$rm?wz)h5T$K1d0%P%S9)FpLj(C(=!JBS5 z(Ul|2fj`+Dxjz zQzzBVlUdpZnq(Wc)(T$2;bFNRA~&}N+Do$6hpTsD*JqA~H4<{>hu`y@!dUY0=;L9a zl#M$_Bjh#z{Ql=aP(4!^Df8%5JnOfkfhez$>k*Tc7prid7J8}j(PzB_A-s^@B8mLl zwij!q>!+69eFdaoK}bDJx_q-@Ls-yJ!@`?UvL3B5CXV`O_QqEgAp46FWAE^L|8JvZC9g$h~Qd`Go}O&O6zx^|wVD zCigM1yZXknmHF+B7V#_K?l-+DaGnaP&76gM??icPw%g*c8=I^uRXrCT253s>$QZ^( z`9j)Yjhv(Xdeiv$q?U6{3SlnC9E+S=~W$$J7 z_Cpyj#%+ayU4v;PQIV36-Q^$NU?>(%=T{K2P-rY$<7w}qjf?t98ImT7ZC{dX55rBt z`LC}Op8W1Fniu4Q*nQy7wf%_7H7*Sw6&5E2_#IBaMJf~zb0gvq7QIp}awz7_#YA!5 zs{r+G0DF7G-{_JGkV##mq8eIoM{8#DV)hS6&7652h zu%?YNqLiaYIm7~&bS>%g7Y9*t_KV&Pm%R1VA4ObGfO{$lCQ%oK7jFK%PGJ_UEyk<} z_Pwq!yOL!gqFQG}Mmt$uIge3y{z7s}%Dqk}I8Qm16nUJ-jN*?F&ljGgj40eaI}Gxs z7eEE`CbfCc@Xjj$FtlPV%}XY`GX##KI5)05nT$4WK2>?BJ@gB)l|+3zIpmIj-tA)X zzzW3M6Y+E;k`b03Xkr;ii;RJfnr5HghtW`EW{=$Iz7gp-U%@(ge33E{j#WXlE{l(Z z7@5@7=|*Oqj7dvD1LvuQ&~1!&hfn8;K`{BQ{Vfh zMK+ca%A&N`5~3WI=BcqY5QSK~IP@)<`%r$}Sqtr*nn^jg#_gueR}DGkIVApyr4frh z10H310Yit-qa*?60jU8d3ShC!T+@FPC9aC&m+li0(fFZf^%cGZAdYVN*(I4E}M7yuwq zYIFV|H31$$s}BJl4mj_ zdEF9NO8e>XG;sAybR1)Mk1>0E%2JAd^lTEwEb?p}&NIUo!mEyum5TtBROAKZn$=Po z#w(T69R`s`KM5WSCWzh-fS?~66%JFj(5E+{YEE;0R8J*o@xz)8wiI>omolVllVWHW z8oH9N3_03G?a4RgisY8*{JufcBabykphdeTp`}8F`vq9Bd9ll zPllh-VT8}2K(#*6(WmmWND??tIR9+QglU==NMvJrkyw1_rkG)IaiZ>C{69;{iAUdU zz|X}5grvho$vaywK6i?D)%^Z_!2NWC!v2XEPeos&l4h)c=jo^7a5`O97Gwqf%9C&% z5Q4$*^T)RpQW9F6==uh71ZGs1hMr~tZmf${45^nI`$oW#5;{YA^jxQ|Hp53}Ufu$w z6>d0>AY)*DE7y`2C^AM;V=yRzHPo@g^eZn{q4vA|Uul*pv!#2HEiYi}cOxm{8Vs)Fb|_BQ4y&ee|>iR0Io|@MbX0NoKN=V&ZxUI03+JJtw=|h?>O)`K zo9)TPNv~jI5!KzuGLqt$+m_@TJ9qKn3}1r zA|w`5jO+p$OePJ=xnWT4tvNz_p$=A`Ekd4n!Xhm}Sr$bNsq=HW%gp;wt@$h?FNbho zVKI`FoEZz(cAyuH5sI>Ud8g8?P<>eKp$q51rO{>_RP7m1*(Sqy>|6N+{E=3WqJ4&h zvSryI)&KsBsOVZXi`d3^J(uHsGntcivsN=bSiU3hB?mf2yJH@Ll5r?k?oZ!2lrmG` z1kl!%60+fpt}-0odz95jDPT9>RB~cS;VEjht7%~)}M>3 zTRZ=$M?~2*;vN7LoC9x@lw^1hlxy#PqdwZG;?2vsP17_QPu0>QD%$BFWo!Yi_9dSksu?& zq9|R35pmiT)6vtFP~7e?6$Q;5gTS%%1l#v@7+ zak{l^%1-tR)p6j`+#yGI%F11?z>7~7wBocO;{2x|bUCPiK=i72u|*+E(;2VD%6 z7P@h^Q*a(^$WNy__lNOL>{=C&k_O6CXxwfl^^R$;A5rGP4`kY&EMz1t-Ij1-RS5Wi ziKj?{^mC>zKH;g5qXy3hMSG0@&TO)4ht0g+*}*C^SCD^t-#5q(zEQ(*Kzq0$bCVVT z_X`z(#OwZ`Xgq2QO346_d}dcQUSphrS?LJh`P7|Ntxp@YV8)=3uTTGX{XDMZ{Pa-I ziRy(>h)^B`<$<=iiAf)dUa26c&?%brNe9KC269$pwaqJXH_?a54`mnM4FKGXe6p(| z-Nkosd3Sx7`R4lJu?qm(3v;vNuCVZVY-dgGVg@KOopgRu)2c^LGH&=f56@}hJae!si;K?49Ft?6)B&=!2nnrPc@9r;xEv=33MJ;E|33teIb7B%% zuiXMpoyQKkE& zAuM}=ywDLW3OP(kohG!pQjV6(Y>cXCXFgQgo|qX&K-}o&X|4HKJPfs4 z1S?esh%+H2)ij`Yc-k43E>k|XexAdnp=X#mwlpq2F|^NU)VM38GVy>Ed2*q>^QV`C^0z@e`xJt`jC+1 zRYa`ulF-&!Fb>qpRw|0}E&)NF;>?O^EEKWiIeM@;6c-f%+G_9=;?-h7V}UA3f2=od zCDGIv8C)!4?jIgPH%tfe8KN z-45F7E*dwM^6NsQ+q2t=QtK+O(9Opv3oBdX03lXisj z5K#9f)IacmFrQ$g_liBIEL=_5v@1Xsp?y0#(5lPAzR?${3yYgJE2Tzob{4^pBLD|c zbBPTG5Rx~%eikZiKBl@$n!=MF+OGc+IB5gs{S|?$)|;yE=LOi2ZkFMHa5 z>9R2WDYxOL|B-9ek1l`veHHgED&SUlq90Q=QkP7V944*KSx$-UlWR@hx?9CGIFQFU zfqsde{0L#{{JkVdm}w#CPC)wVwL+R+a{vAas!cE=*yzob6_SSgr}xF_k`c1jSJGbB zos5`ya6cT770v{0A8^(O20V!`ngpO)y+GEXry0h|wxh0fW9Qf2^YgZe2WhOubLAZp zV%?5|dD|^Eh(WrH(e{1MiM8&fBNKDzz6&_d4CEB)RuMVX6CY#hrZ9gWkF*G!O?gJ; zM~h)sTH&!$ar(%P>FxUa$AGWB>`r|CaDhxPGBH2YKHgjZ%ElsYHe(RZ^OQm)?6re; zWY$}Uss$Ydjf0#)p7eM3?{sxPHOX=6NHqw{vlF<*j3%HzZEhxsmrUKjZc)Sj+_|YW zsiDhA(d0xMoBty@`4AsA7S+F$T`pWkaXd{$j&QC;^fS}VWrY589e)-Yn!#dNjri0> zBCU(A2`%DuPsF?^c_BQ!DJsfo>7>Z2+N=XF<@fuAB6*z!6tO2KDLZ74vNw+@SVF3M zm=&GkyN**u0<5Gn7Pz~^zBD`l$}x0MyI|Apb|j4aFL-$S(0M*u>MnOy&yMa^ebg!M zdXsL+TE)(-nf$C!^dRq`i4bQtuMPPTQ9)$rc*U$x@0Dw{8+q}XmG{hMQDr_-QB0B{ zjO>+UPW*!MJct?0)Qv3#_hUgELC%ip6{by}N3TpzPfqwmeY0g}2B~|ceu)(}X0Lc;+saS-uXvQ}%iu}^A*BGg! z4rwhH>ZU|06$aon>@t?(K^tGe(C_J^eSJh0xffUVA2M%YRjXBew>M+0+cVGBKFWE% z9@ByIM3UIDQrMe^fPMO^#Qkt_lnuB1`!#NkmsSr_o3K9bBD$%is%T$Pu8hsnYMLHO z@h4IhMYI@S#N2gpXd~s}RZ-ZZ(x0iw1R-`}-DEe^WCjoWDSMu_)LS!o?JA-J-xT!#%>4& zbzn%YL$I(o+TL1A2fCV%hS$M@Zs+DxldX%b(imE`=`~D1FpTt6ubZ(WXd zh&JL8+gel@8gr@((Pj(Sdl(Y@_)7-Esx=GT&nL26AKYAdSq4+IfoO%EgQ*h{$Gr11 z4FiH-FGv_#bW)aS5$JebXbk~i;^`!C$sa-J{8eMr+VWR`Y6NU#3$6XV*H3Q?1a#DR zbb!HA4nB5|G41Q$|8MM3ekVr-3CSXyGT|lATeN3(wNHAVxzHNebMPe_t}Sk{eHGs- z$CbwC<;DVbQuM8&ty1*a>&F;U^k3AEv8U+Uz@HPlW9;>V`c^3@=%l37wh&yiyuct7 zTp?;`9}*Z7ms=tz37dwgRgn>aq@6;Kb-$>Zt(uvhlm>8BBG-7{7=LGzgXbS!+HMS`ujhg z|1t3A@Xya57k`WX`T3ibKe>N?{LHio1ed3_rI0VaQ0%3_&D}Bt>B)OU^kA83c&}3KAp@IWuG!f`EX4fCS0$0m&K3 z0wM@V4hp@_v){Y*S?=H6t*x?uboG6A*XgUS)93DUx`AVx9uNqGrSxkDQk7Mc*VEHu zwIVF#da2QWONK47?^srrD$B}JifCnhJKWU@oHGpgK(FT-5n#|8pruD;pKTHF6}ZR) zPzE~?H&Ho`rBzw##n#a@eUNgbjW#gaCf=`2UAzEK(iUA(bB~OF4Y_eSr#rY1cb`C=ZJvLf~ks zw<>TzIBe%U)8X`e21zt`lq?h^=qSlX`d)SSY=#e4EPdt{P`AgMxK&TNh5WU}wk&1mCs&!d;k(-0|191SQ}e=SJS7?8=zu2A(nFr_peyH$#!-KF)bL?Ulvm84AZM zCa|_4{&xA4ptptw8FHV$n`cFzag@;6Rpk_hQzK`jit#Kx^<~`4{5#WV!-IpbO&4kx zilY1)Rvfo;Ui#V0Oj+pBY%O{yb0$`WJYc9Mhk&E|?z+0v*PwYWB%TOgh;+{>+eZ3y zwam&V&^p1fh4JBbRFi~CZ?Zg3y5g)yB}cs*0u>j}=K3c1yk{y*JM*Z4%6qu}nY-cT zHjk?m6Z--_t0M$~&eR#d-9eb|=wHWoJkg&67c1O=H!D--US=>r|){POBHOhthVY^epGH zeughiD-#tn@u8wwrJKopzI$wjhs*WeC9&4Z{Uy>)SH`K1ougu zlDZQSt%*G5eEmDey6GJp%>2@UG)3n7HI=I?z|B)E-?ukMXr5Lc z0YNZ^u?)sOhQHn(q4s)M&8?%?*cVE@wW9s>uOoh*_0gk)rq_n_mDvK6KO2*uFD%YVX@I^ERo{@j|c8Y%i8riaHsd zVIQw-pNVDSQ6r00E2etnAiVsjM|#%JFL2eM`@?hJj0|L?OGE90z)xmflk8|7GL~<+ zyNp7y?}FK(dS1vmofK@D1Z5}!#)Uka%vj(^zgNcgb92#J;oW&xX`|W}%O`53WcyU@ z%}o1p`XvnMhd)fJ%1(hzwSj#&>PtNUycHX2j|*86r3jb{V@f1h`Z3b}dvRmtzy0*(535_4O=I zmi70*1$$bHp8J0{+?XoZ^7V{A)Yx`^S%0zRmz>CwYx5m>nfXczD@6R^=}aMXY`I(1 zo(10iI-0V8JHTQV1+7aGdB_*@H9A6{FGd8(r=o;~NkFOBpB#a|RtXuAJE?~W886|?_Gihk9hP)%kOKFAk^9IE*C<9 z0!~U7)g0lqyd`e+0=9nOr`Z5-Q&BN`%A5oSju+#BlR&lfCgyR@jW~i!f5&V@QWnmw zx6o+Tq6~_W$T^W+(y;6O^qz1!@7j3Uo7^gTXX@slpEOaUS)#G{XdX#Mzn44a%bHTX zin{pj!jZUd3*|c5YSq%HoKJ2%#TN(7!$!h`6AbcOlXifas{kX>H=ZgKzXr?ony7uK z0NpYK9!I(giaSD7E;d(0X>SWO=Yns|xzei%tF~MONU7Tk)F}1!R^qq3v}yCW5zX4+ z91wIsMHU^1GO9l-h>MzAGd6S8h2GG|N}zdE7;AIe%)8}@XG-&qncir`I;D?K&R!a+ zSWI5A>)U(T(rtW_wIf82R#=x7)JxSBhD`)BFJ?AvAE=QYShRd}j+!;k`!JF+hMcXz zenNlMMkkYUtWhnH-{zFbe|>3piy>m_3uP7*Tf-*-&kngco@+9@H%z0oqu)NAURnRt z;>6o=R(RgvG!V^W%mj~W7VDm>z25$k;->ZrziD%%rhWcb`S`vz#v2Sl!l(tK*l`K4 zGi!Jsnl$F^Dzi_SwIfN1_cxtD{JhWn@?p2$R?uNiK0Wh$dV#$o=Curd7on|NnDaS; zF=U!Wc&>xZQPcU@j|4?KJOH_E<2qf2G<3TLuG-%PtA}>0ht%}omRYm_z@|c zU42pYOp^JG8c&Ph2uX{Dq9{fXgzk!2e%l5W#4jmR-dS6`n9$Vwc;CI#;+NYs^2ej0 zI5d1SZKJ>H?4>s|#PY|S@Da5_GG!zV7s)5!O{r%vn&$K5YpSg*V|6J5DYL1#ZYFfgLY7;ag>LDET5m(g7QF`q@T7Sx}sxV>zA#1E`RCi~A1_F;G-#$9Oa%;*!Q%zHy_ zEEvyY3QXzn`*}MGV27r@Xr2T{0rq9{uE8OmfC=KrsfqO+f4SXwy`~6?nfWvqKS)jU zw5Na*weIBu6X(l79@93xXGOB^tcS14nsuFr%>)ao`(p zT&DSha7aS#bQ*+3>@D-^YKTd~ff3>D(IMlLHk*{HanDr>;9vBs2kyGI+&5+Tx#<&4 zON!<}F)640)AoYcBcX@_OA2YAL*&ZdmtZ0h?XLd`0CpU~c-Yd^S?6j3}(LmD4?nm9r%UOUxkJc&#)eAto8+Cr3eu6SY6ge84FfW!d_?FaTLD& zs`9y-%vD`!m44Bu>j|M%6X%aTafniydK4<~vJ|;+r1n%#Y|IeN^OgZMfilO9V)VKe zp9N+=K7JwboG;0h`GAuL19xJb4Ep1xQB)JN5Iv`FZ8Q$(SGD1aY#+yfavCOpiJv%K z*Rp<&64Ol`@O%^;dhY@`;xJH>@cpB{nG$1@%|Ka!|1(Ypf@nq66Vzn3|pH{ ziYt7n;X&+eF(rD@wY2uzD2?O`5?ta988lBflOrn9!bApSDTglvq5J-Dm@?NBRsbSW zB~m06P{Oh&kG~!!yG0qg?y4NAL>D6f6?A|Vh*&}^h*?1*3hh6~mL4{&CJJ%-W8z^T zAz0WTFe@=W+h-wuSt;BV066=!$GUk0(Pdw6qa&8|U^nDr4fc;peE93h0)Rx>6k5Cx(6J$F)klm}@96#zsH; zkCAxM-`Y=ZZV;6-Q8AU;ZBdX~$b>g4-b|VEL{&9535lxHEy~%C;#b~zobh+qgBHqj|I;AGm91h6Y>7Zn*8`T;y?L zLhPD4Qyj)axDIp#6&__YjMMVn{)V8ebIe_j)!jWvNhU-<9ZR=^di5*A9%{fDCbc)ALG(qlA&VfO(3|8Z1_wL}qgReJE~h4vz*F-;aWQ4C7)OUpO6kp9yUMyKw!vka z_uH3V-m;GoGB!{{rqHQ#vYrpi?Y}%N3a{!>TM`D7x4j&;i6pVYk_ZamjX4=Oc_l#v z>yN0k(>HZC7{6g77H&}}#DOhB#*=e3-R!w7#H>Xv%g2H{UJbC7pm`q983`InYtVrf zg>+RIK5Um(7k~7^V|_qfcGAjkwqJP;T)h}qXx-c02=u1LkzkCQC5h_dAOT5<;ob0wkZl-GpZqK?SpVN?FdTf$OAOL**TC&Z$lK+bPszkLj`h#rXE4?61 zb3$=MIzb*OMi4IA4++coNCifQFQ|%hAhKqY$q`Qcu+;pj$23#JV0Vg0>$?w^b^%U^MKhf zCaTdqrTpX}ST~l|n-blM3MvSZ=xG)^N>xd?vE2+=1{h%NEQ`Ha7Z#Z3&a`pNmX+?hm?*ku=^ zLTPh-IS(6K$w=+PqU-%Y;1n@W!#2NJUhH*+Tx$QdihJtRA76U7S@QmWP6L3Ow@kgM zm}=aaM3Bgea3Lo~&So?ZDXZjJ#ZZPJXgeTAR5c&8O2;Oinl-l|)NZq(DPT4VcjOLz zK=(CfcOywrz*@6#L^d8GVxA^jnC~Stwl+bBL8lCcalq|gH1B3N#b=#W*_DS6mOj7C zOB=1V=&zm_&Bp%7@`&nP`*QMKen5r_-|>1yWI&=ycJ~dRnSkq4l@Eaan?7wWg}#?QqlZ8I-*Tu0ug)dOs2YL0!|^Z) zN(H5s+IG>y{7Q#&7r!(xngVPM42IFTyNW^ONs35L-T9ft4t6*8s>h@_M3kcGkNKbt zU{Y+SAW&LNx;9m&^L4y7?OS~A_tl!U1%#{)>z0O8dm>?I9u~%b_WPNi%f)EhSvIB# znPoD~-P5eJemHb$EgYnzs1t(AxT(+(t_EDO7R(7VvDDA%HNlFkBJQr_C!q>9aKB_e zFkDKDu!UPp&%SI5(yjL1_0m#xepOC*Uu8ot2y9S=d@g@=z51SX+-(HUQqA!Lr%oek z>zyNU%%It>B!}c2Wqz@(prwYa+5AZM0In zWHoBCQvGZe%_GC`qM_<#S5GN0)mPAdown)sZPXUHNn4Ry0iIr69gJt#*|)zAymmh2 z)nqr9F*bMCL}o9F24(Q9OmIi>UPxFOXs?oZ$iSwNnxY0tZ%APH_5%;YI)R^*u=?eE z9vKZS35&9JHJp^;@Iy49G>~$*96I{k3tjSY~8FCk(Dpz|DFHnF$q_p z%)7B8J3Tj7x=Ri)-pN%5hkz5fH-Mkx$&cc(L)Z?cCSMa2fCy6;-W0sdT)Fs)?b)Y- zqRB6c8t~$~T{o$X{9sJNg6tBrvo*jp)yasxQVrZL-O5SL(OtmBy`8x-lc3JVD`rnF z0ykB8kE?YifY?k^#%=13#)GLyGi0gKlim4Qm4)C!`>|$l&n$V_CHJInY9qP!yj;F` zq!p7el^LFJ=3&16v6rr~xPtnz)tf3}BC14JGsX|>PwE>DVUzu#Rnhu;gGRt~?KzMl z%uwg{@s!81+Je( zDyX|wE)_|U8<$0P>SCi)pVX@)@;C-ob`Qmlx)PKq=8cLbiP;m+q$Jc&oGMRu+s$&7 zWn_CF6}6=RqbAX2)Cp689~m1;SaTfd>w*r+>QPHAt@<@pwV_X^-sMrwYl;aS_o5uD zrZg`m1obE0{*P>}MmGu;dL+d)x*9jIL|LZJmadPZhZXYgMo9OQb&~H?ta)!ZC3V{M{v(qI%6I+N&WPEQ^<%+> zX?d(Jaf7)3?8U0Rx+su2#tvKdZ|Ejh*Z6n7ddz-&#FnChdzfbGST7rgOv#sJ!{EnG{lGnyMFs z=1CN)5I&*sOEj~#fr&}j(cI&l2+KN>&t8EXK-SfGqa>2kIq5U&Z5iKubE_^bEh|^L zi&OW`h;_2&t1&%oCSQ9fypdZ_Tfzg41kC_e% za+VIVK&7(!z?dVHPr)U=95Lv5T zuNSzNbE*Se|L^O`f3Ge72aeG^-v9ak^&*Z;V`Jb(1~Uq62+`7QC+ z&u=>Z2>$x{L&}AspWk%+5&ZS@hmzkC ifBpQX * `ccvccc`： *flexed* `/flekst/` -如果一个单词由多个音节构成的话，那么为了能够读得顺畅、清晰且易于识别，那么其中可能会有某个音节是**重音**；如果音节数量更多，可能还会有某个或某些音节是**次重音**。一般来说，**一个词汇只有一个重音**，**但有可能存在多个次重音**。比如 *serendipity* `/ˌserənˈdɪpɪti/`。之前的那个 *19* 个音节构成的词汇，其中有 *7* 个**次重音**，*1* 个**重音**。 +如果一个单词由多个音节构成的话，那么为了能够读得顺畅、清晰且易于识别，那么其中可能会有某个音节是**重音**；如果音节数量更多，可能还会有某个或某些音节是**次重音**。一般来说，**一个词汇只有一个重音**，**但有可能存在多个次重音**。比如 *serendipity* `/ˌserənˈdɪpɪti/`。之前的那个 *19* 个音节构成的词汇，其中有 *7* 个**次重音**，*1* 个**重音**。 -When a word is composed of multiple syllables, for smooth and clear pronunciation that's easily recognizable, one syllable may be stressed -- these are called *primary stresses*. If the word has many syllables, it could also have some *secondary stress*. Normally, **a single primary stress exists in each word**, **but there might be several secondary ones**. Take the word *serendipity* `/ˌserənˈdɪpɪti/` as an example, it follows this rule. That whopping 19-syllable-long leviathan we examined before had 7 instances of secondary stressing to accompany its lone instance of primary stressing. +When a word is composed of multiple syllables, for smooth and clear pronunciation that's easily recognizable, one syllable may be stressed -- these are called *primary stresses*. If the word has many syllables, it could also have some *secondary stress*. Normally, **a single primary stress exists in each word**, **but there might be several secondary ones** - take the word *serendipity* `/ˌserənˈdɪpɪti/`as an example. That whopping 19-syllable-long leviathan we examined before had 7 instances of secondary stressing to accompany its lone instance of primary stressing. diff --git a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2-vocal-tract.md b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2-vocal-tract.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..5d5ed448 --- /dev/null +++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2-vocal-tract.md @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +# 2. 发声器官（Articulators） + +尽管说着不同的语言，人类的大脑构造和发声器官构造却都是一样的。也正因为如此，所有的人类幼崽都具备习得地球上任何一种语言的潜能 —— 这其实还真是一个颇有些惊人却又常常被忽视的事实。 + +Despite speaking different languages, humans share the same structure of brain and articulators. It's this commonality that grants every human infants the potential to master any language on Earth - a fascinating yet often overlooked fact. + +我们用**嘴**说话…… 更详细地讲，我们讲英文的时候所使用的**发声器官**主要包括：**下巴**（*lower jaw*）、**嘴唇**（*lips*）、**牙齿**（*teeth*）、**龈脊**（*alveolar ridge*）、**舌尖**（*tongue tip*）、**舍背**（*tongue roof*）、**咽**（*pharynx*）、**喉**（*larynx*）、**声带**（*vocal cords*）等等。 + +We use our *mouths* as a means of communication... To be more precise, when speaking English, key components of speech production include: *lower jaw* (or mandible), *lips*, *teeth*; *alveolar ridge* (the small bump right behind your upper front teeth); *tongue tip* and *rongue roof* or dorsum; and then throat areas which can be further divided into two parts: *pharynx* and *larynx*. Last but not least come your voice makers - *vocal cords.* + +![Speech Tract (zh-CN)](/images/Speech-Tract(zh-CN).svg) + +另外一个重要的方面是**呼吸**（*breathe*）—— 呼吸不仅影响声音，也影响节奏；因为换气的必要，自然语流中总是存在**停顿**（*pause*）。 + +The act of breathing also plays a vital role — it not only affects speech sound quality but rhythm too due to natural *pauses* for airflow regulation during continuous speech flow. diff --git a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/3-details.md b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/3-details.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b904edbc --- /dev/null +++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/3-details.md @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +# 3. 音素详解 + +理论上来讲，把每个音素读准本身其实并不难；更何况每种语言都一样，从音素的数量上来看并不是很多，比如英语，总计就那么四十几个而已。 + +In theory, pronouncing each phoneme correctly isn't really a hard nut to crack; plus, like any other language, English doesn’t have that many of them—just over forty in total. + +主要的难点来自于两个方面。 + +However, there are two main challenges here. + +首先是在连贯的自然语音中，几乎每个音素都有这样那样的变化。于是，我们只能通过反复阅读材料，反复练习，反复自我纠正，将起初看起来极为繁杂的知识点逐一突破。 + +Firstly, almost every single phoneme morphs here and there within fluent speech. So what can one do? The key lies within *repetition* – repeatedly read materials aloud, corrected by self-monitoring your pronunciation, focusing on those pesky shifting details until they become conquered hurdles rather than intimidating obstacles. + +更大的困难来自于我们的大脑机制。随着年龄的增加，大脑会过滤母语中用不到的声音，以便提高语音识别的效率 —— 也恰恰是这一点造成了绝大多数成年人学外语的最大障碍。有些声音我们听不到、听不清楚，有些声音听到了却无法分辨，有些声音被我们自己在不知不觉中替换成了另外的样子…… 应对方式只有一个，集中注意力反复听，反复练 —— 注意力集中才是真正的关键。 + +An even greater challenge stems from how our brain functions over time: as we age, our minds begin filtering out unnecessary sounds not present in native tongues as noises to enhance linguistic efficiency - which happens also to be a major obstacle for most adults learning foreign languages as some sounds go unheard or indistinct while others get mistakenly replaced unconsciously... The only weapon at hand? Again, *repetition* - repeately listen and practice, with full *attention*, which is another indispensbile key. + + + diff --git a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4-vowels.md b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4-vowels.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..3c44219b --- /dev/null +++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4-vowels.md @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +# 2.1 元音（Vowels） + +人类的语音在最底层是相通的 —— 最明显的例证就是所有的语言都一样，不仅都以元音为核心，并且，都有大致相同的基础元音音素，比如 `ɑ`、`i`、`ʊ`、`e`、`ɔ`…… 比如，日文就恰好只有这五个母音。英文还另外有一个 `ə`；而韩文比英文还要多出一个 `ɤ`（韩文字符为 `ᅳ`） —— 这个音中文也有，比如，在 “思念” 这个词中， “思”（`sī`）的韵母就是这个音。 + +元音发声时，气流从肺部通过声门冲击声带，使其均匀震动，而后通过起着共鸣器作用的口腔，无阻力地呼出。生成不同元音的主要器官是嘴唇，也是婴幼儿在学说话时所能观察到的唯一发声器官。 + +以下是 5 个英文基础元音发声时的口型（嘴唇形状）： + +![Vowels lip shape](/images/vowels-lip-shape.svg) + +当然，除了嘴唇的形状之外，影响元音发声的器官还有舌面的位置、软腭的动作。不过，由于人类语言的相通属性，人们在这些基础元音的发声上都没有任何困难。 + +另外，英文的 `ə` 口型与 `ɪ` 接近。而 `æ` 的口型比 `e` 的大一点、比 `ɑ` 的小一点。 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1000-hours/sounds-of-english/04-vowel-positions.md b/1000-hours/sounds-of-english/04-vowel-positions.md index 51b3d886..3da5da35 100644 --- a/1000-hours/sounds-of-english/04-vowel-positions.md +++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-english/04-vowel-positions.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -# 3.1 口腔内气流共鸣位置 +# 2.1.1. 口腔内气流共鸣位置 不同的元音在发声时，“口腔内气流共鸣位置” 不同（以下示意图中并未收录双元音）—— 这是 D.J. 音标的作者 Daniel Jones 的研究成果（插图参考 [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vowel_diagram) 重新绘制）：