diff --git a/1000-hours/.vitepress/theme/style.scss b/1000-hours/.vitepress/theme/style.scss index dda34bc0..4f01e6b8 100644 --- a/1000-hours/.vitepress/theme/style.scss +++ b/1000-hours/.vitepress/theme/style.scss @@ -218,3 +218,9 @@ body { } } } + +audio { + padding-left: 1em; + height: 1.8em; + margin-top: -0.2em; +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.1.5-ə.md b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.1.5-ə.md index e103e448..20121a8f 100644 --- a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.1.5-ə.md +++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.1.5-ə.md @@ -30,6 +30,6 @@ Moreover, when pronouncing the consonants ʃ/ʒ ([2.2.8 It should be noted, in American English pronunciation, the tongue tip *never* touches the teeth or the *alveolar ridge* when making the rhotacized ɚ or ɝː sound. -注意,在连贯的自然语音中,很多非重音音节的元音,都有被简化成 ə(*schwa*)的倾向,尤其是 ɪ。比如,*individual*, ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒuəl,实际上会被读作 ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəl —— u 也变成了 ə,而后 uə 之间有个加音 w…… 事实上,现在已经有很多词典干脆直接标注成了后者。 +注意,在连贯的自然语音中,很多非重音音节的元音,都有被简化成 ə(*schwa*)的倾向,尤其是 ɪ。比如,*individual*, ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒuəl,实际上会被读作 ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəʷəl —— u 也变成了 ə,而后 uə 之间有个加音 ʷ…… 事实上,现在已经有很多词典干脆直接标注成了后者。 -Keep in mind that in fluent, natural speech, many unstressed vowel sounds in syllables are often simplified to ə (*schwa*), especially ɪ. For instance, *individual* ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒjʊəl, is often actually pronounced as ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəl - u also becomes ə, and there's a added w sound between u and ə… In fact, many dictionaries now straightforwardly use the latter phonetic annotation. +Keep in mind that in fluent, natural speech, many unstressed vowel sounds in syllables are often simplified to ə (*schwa*), especially ɪ. For instance, *individual* ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒjʊəl, is often actually pronounced as ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəʷəl - u also becomes ə, and there's a added ʷ sound between u and ə… In fact, many dictionaries now straightforwardly use the latter phonetic annotation. diff --git a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.1.7-u.md b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.1.7-u.md index 14b627a6..19dfc5fc 100644 --- a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.1.7-u.md +++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.1.7-u.md @@ -4,4 +4,6 @@ This pair of vowels is used in virtually every language on Earth, and it's used in almost exactly the same way, making it easy for everyone to pronounce. There's one detail worth noting: in English, the long vowel requires a smaller mouth shape than the short vowel ʊ, and lips should protrude slightly more. Try to compare *boot* buːtand *book* bʊk. -另外,在 CEPD 中,这个音在非重音音节时被标注为 u,之前见到过的例子是 *situation* ˌsɪtʃ·uˈeɪ·ʃən。 \ No newline at end of file +另外,在 CEPD 中,这个音在非重音音节时被标注为 u,之前见到过的例子是 *situation* ˌsɪtʃ·uˈʷeɪ·ʃən。 + +Additionally, in the Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary (CEPD), when the sound occurs in an unstressed syllable, it is marked as u. For example, in the word situation, it's shown as ˌsɪtʃ·uˈʷeɪ·ʃən. diff --git a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.3.2-stress.md b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.3.2-stress.md index fa97971a..87480254 100644 --- a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.3.2-stress.md +++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.3.2-stress.md @@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ However, the word *individual*, which is composed of 5 syllables, would likely b In English, in addition to primary stress, secondary stress, and unstressed syllables, we also have weakly pronounced syllables, like the schwa (ə) sound that occurs when syllables are reduced. -细细体会 *individual* ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒuəl 这个词,如果每个音节都清晰地用同样的强度读出来的话,应该是 ɪn-dɪ-vɪ-dʒju-əl…… 这里面,第 2 个音节 里的元音 ɪ 被弱化为 ə;另外,第 4 个音节 dʒu 里的元音 ju 也被弱化成了 ə,但保留了 u 的音色;而处于音节末尾的 l,之前自带着轻微的 ə,于是连成了很轻的 wᵊl…… +细细体会 *individual* ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒuəl 这个词,如果每个音节都清晰地用同样的强度读出来的话,应该是 ɪn-dɪ-vɪ-dʒju-əl…… 这里面,第 2 个音节 里的元音 ɪ 被弱化为 ə;另外,第 4 个音节 dʒu 里的元音 ju 也被弱化成了 ə,但保留了 u 的音色;而处于音节末尾的 l,之前自带着轻微的 ə,于是连成了很轻的 ʷᵊl…… -Let's dig deep into the word *individual*, for example, it's pronounced as ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒuəl. If each syllable was placed equal stress, it would sound something like /ɪn-dɪ-vɪ-dʒju-əl/... Within this pronunciation, the vowel ɪ in the second syllable is reduced to the schwa sound, ə; likewise, the vowel ju in the fourth syllable dʒu is also reduced to ə, but retains the coloration of u. The l at the end of the syllable, which originally carries a slight ə sound, thus becomes a very light wᵊl... +Let's dig deep into the word *individual*, for example, it's pronounced as ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒuəl. If each syllable was placed equal stress, it would sound something like /ɪn-dɪ-vɪ-dʒju-əl/... Within this pronunciation, the vowel ɪ in the second syllable is reduced to the schwa sound, ə; likewise, the vowel ju in the fourth syllable dʒu is also reduced to ə, but retains the coloration of u. The l at the end of the syllable, which originally carries a slight ə sound, thus becomes a very light ʷᵊl... ![5-syllables-individual](/images/5-syllables-individual.svg) @@ -132,4 +132,4 @@ Let's practice the pronunciation of the following commonly used multi-syllable w > * *vulnerable* ˈvʌlnɚəbəl > * *wonderfully* ˈwʌndɚfəli -[^1]: Sound files in this list come from [CEPD online edition](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/pronunciation/). \ No newline at end of file +[^1]: Sound files in this list come from [CEPD online edition](https://dictionary.cambridge.org/pronunciation/).