08-18-1449, chapter 3.1.3
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xiaolai
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# 3.1 元音（Vowels）
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# 3.1. 元音（Vowels）
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英文总计 **6** 个基础元音，分别是 <span class="pho">ɑ</span>、<span class="pho">ɪ</span>、<span class="pho">u</span>、<span class="pho">e</span>、<span class="pho">ɔ</span>、<span class="pho">ə</span>、 —— 这 6 个短元音就好像是 “根” 一样。所有元音要么是它们略有变化的长短版本，即，长元音（美式英语有半长元音）；要么是它们的组合版本，即，双元音或者三元音。
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<span class="pho">ə</span> 这个基础元音，在英语中最为普遍。在美式英语中，也相对特殊，因为它的长短两个版本都常常带着儿化音，所以值得第一个详细讲解。
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在 6 个基础元音中，<span class="pho">ə</span> 和 <span class="pho">i</span> 的口型一样且最小。
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## 3.1.1.1. 示例
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<table>
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<tbody>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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## 3.1.1.2 央元音 <span class="pho">ə</span>
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## 3.1.1.2. 央元音 <span class="pho">ə</span>
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在美式英语中，<span class="pho">ə</span> 有个专门的名称，叫做 “央元音”（*schwa*）。
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在非重音音节上的 <span class="pho">ə</span> 是不可能带有儿化音的 —— 这一点要格外注意。很多人会矫枉过正，任何时候都把 <span class="pho">ə</span> 读成 <span class="pho">ɚ</span>…… 比如，有些人可能会把 *focus* <span class="pho alt">ˈfoʊkəs</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/focus-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/focus-us-female.mp3"></span> 错读成 <span class="pho alt">ˈfoʊkɚs</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/focurs-us.mp3"></span>。
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## 3.1.1.3 儿化音
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## 3.1.1.3. 儿化音
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短元音 <span class="pho">ɚ</span> 和长元音 <span class="pho">ɝː</span> 这两个儿化音，有两种发声方式，一种是凭直觉卷起舌尖（无论是前卷还是后卷，都被称作 *Retroflex R*），这也是绝大多数初学者发这个音的唯一选择。
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另外，辅音 <span class="pho">ʃ/ʒ</span>、<span class="pho">tʃ/dʒ</span> 在发音的时候，舌尾也是同样的位置。
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## 3.1.1.4 拼写
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## 3.1.1.4. 拼写
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### <span class="pho">ə</span>
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117
1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/3.1.2-ɑ.md
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1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/3.1.2-ɑ.md
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# 3.1.2. <span class="pho">ʌ</span>/<span class="pho">ɑː</span>/<span class="pho">ɑːr</span>
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在美式英语中，<span class="pho">ɑ</span> 有 *3* 个版本，短元音 <span class="pho">ʌ</span>、半长元音 <span class="pho">ɑː</span>，和长元音的儿化版 <span class="pho">ɑːr</span>。其中，<span class="pho">ʌ</span> 的口型最小，<span class="pho">ɑː</span> 和 <span class="pho">ɑːr</span> 的口型最大。
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## 3.1.2.1. 示例
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2"><strong>British</strong></td>
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<td colspan="2"><strong>American</strong></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>D.J.</td>
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<td>例词（Example）</td>
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<td>IPA</td>
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<td>例词（Example）</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><span class="pho">ʌ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/uk_phonetics_sound_cup_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td>b<b>u</b>t <span class="pho alt">bʌt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-female="/audios/but_uk_female.mp3" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/but_uk_male.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><span class="pho">ʌ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us_phonetics_sound_cup_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td>b<b>u</b>t <span class="pho alt">bʌt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-female="/audios/but_us_female.mp3" data-audio-us-male="/audios/but_us_male.mp3"></span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><span class="pho">ɑː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/uk_phonetics_sound_father_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td>f<b>a</b>ther <span class="pho alt">ˈfɑː.ðər</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-female="/audios/father_uk_female.mp3" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/father_uk_male.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><span class="pho">ɑː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us_phonetics_sound_father_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td>f<b>a</b>ther <span class="pho alt">ˈfɑː.ðɚ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-female="/audios/father_us_female.mp3" data-audio-us-male="/audios/father_us_male.mp3"></span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><span class="pho">ɒ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/uk_phonetics_sound_sock_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td>d<b>o</b>g <span class="pho alt">dɒɡ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-female="/audios/dog_uk_female.mp3" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/dog_uk_male.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><span class="pho">ɑː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us_phonetics_sound_father_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td>d<b>o</b>g <span class="pho alt">dɑːɡ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-female="/audios/dog_us_female.mp3" data-audio-us-male="/audios/dog_us_male.mp3"></span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<td><span class="pho">ɑːr</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us_phonetics_sound_card_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td>c<b>ar</b>d<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-female="/audios/card_us_female.mp3" data-audio-us-male="/audios/card_us_male.mp3"></span></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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## 3.1.2.2. 短元音 <span class="pho">ʌ</span>
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在美式英语中，<span class="pho">ʌ</span> 略有 <span class="pho">ə</span> 的音色，甚至有些美国词典干脆用 <span class="pho">ə</span> 这个符号替代 <span class="pho">ʌ</span> —— 比如韦氏词典（Merriam-Webster）中 *but* 这个词的音标被写成 <span class="pho alt">bət</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-female="/audios/but_us_female.mp3" data-audio-us-male="/audios/but_us_male.mp3"></span>。另外，英国人说 <span class="pho">ʌ</span> 的时候，口型相对美国人更大一些。
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## 3.1.1.3. 半长元音 <span class="pho">ɑː</span>
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在 CEPD 中，<span class="pho">ɑː</span> 虽然带着一个长元音符号，它实际的长度相当于**半长元音**，即，它比短元音长一些，比长元音短一些。
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另外，CEPD 里的 <span class="pho">ɑː</span> 还对应着英式英语中的短元音 <span class="pho">ɒ</span>。除了 CEPD 之外，大多词典会把 *hot* 的音标标注为 <span class="pho alt">hɑt</span> —— 即，没有长元音符号。但是CEPD 会标注成 <span class="pho alt">hɑːt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-female="/audios/hot-us-female.mp3" data-audio-us-male="/audios/hot-us-male.mp3"></span>。所以，按照 CEPD 的标注，我们可以这么理解：在美式英语中，<span class="pho">ʌ</span> 最短，<span class="pho">ɑː</span> 更长一些，而 <span class="pho">ɑːr</span> 最长。
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## 3.1.1.4. 儿化长元音 <span class="pho">ɑːr</span>
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<span class="pho">ɑːr</span> 的儿化音得用**舍尾后缩**的方式发出（*Bunched R*）。如果你肯仔细体会的话，从感觉上来看，<span class="pho">ɑːr</span> 更像是 <span class="pho">ɑːᵊr</span>，或者写成 <span class="pho">ɑːɚ</span> —— 会有个实际上相当明显的 <span class="pho">ᵊ</span> 的加音。
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## 3.1.1.5. <span class="pho">ɑː</span> ⭢ <span class="pho">æ</span>
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除了CEPD 里的 <span class="pho">ɑː</span> 还对应着英式英语中的短元音 <span class="pho">ɒ</span> 之外，另外一个值得注意的是，英音中的 <span class="pho">ɑː</span> 在美式英语中读作 <span class="pho">æ</span>，最常见的例子是 *ask*，英音是 <span class="pho alt">ɑːsk</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/ask-uk-male.mp3" data-audio-uk-female="/audios/ask-uk-female.mp3"></span>，美音是 <span class="pho alt">æsk</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/ask-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/ask-us-female.mp3"></span>。
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## 3.1.1.6. 拼写（Spellings）
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### <span class="pho">ʌ</span>
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* **u**
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* sun <span class="pho alt">sʌn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/sun-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/sun-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* cup <span class="pho alt">kʌp</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/cup-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/cup-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* but <span class="pho alt">bʌt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/but-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/but-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **o**
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* son <span class="pho alt">sʌn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/son-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/son-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* comfort <span class="pho alt">ˈkʌm.fɚt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/comfort-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/comfort-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* money <span class="pho alt">ˈmʌn.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/money-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/money-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **ou**
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* young <span class="pho alt">jʌŋ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/young-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/young-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* double <span class="pho alt">ˈdʌb.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/double-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/double-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* country <span class="pho alt">ˈkʌn.tri</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/country-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/country-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **oo**
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* blood <span class="pho alt">blʌd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/blood-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/blood-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* flood <span class="pho alt">flʌd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/flood-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/flood-us-female.mp3"></span>
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### <span class="pho">ɑː</span> (also equivalent to British <span class="pho">ɒ</span>)
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* **a**
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* father <span class="pho alt">ˈfɑː.ðɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/father-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/father-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* watch <span class="pho alt">wɑːtʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/watch-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/watch-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* wasp <span class="pho alt">wɑːsp</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/wasp-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/wasp-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **al**
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* almond <span class="pho alt">ˈɑːl.mənd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/almond-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/almond-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* balm <span class="pho alt">bɑːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/balm-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/balm-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* palm <span class="pho alt">pɑːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/palm-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/palm-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **au**
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* because <span class="pho alt">bɪˈkɑːz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/because-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/because-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* clause <span class="pho alt">klɑːz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/clause-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/clause-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* paunch <span class="pho alt">pɑːntʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/paunch-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/paunch-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **aw**
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* drawn <span class="pho alt">drɑːn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/drawn-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/drawn-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* awning <span class="pho alt">ˈɑː.nɪŋ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/awning-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/awning-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* law <span class="pho alt">lɑː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/law-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/law-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **o**
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* hot <span class="pho alt">hɑːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/hot-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/hot-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* dog <span class="pho alt">dɑːɡ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/dog-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/dog-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* log <span class="pho alt">lɑːɡ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/log-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/log-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **ough**
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* bought <span class="pho alt">bɑːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/bought-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/bought-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* thought <span class="pho alt">θɑːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/thought-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/thought-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* fought <span class="pho alt">fɑːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/fought-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/fought-us-female.mp3"></span>
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### <span class="pho">ɑːr</span>
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* **ar**
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* car <span class="pho alt">kɑːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/car-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/car-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* far <span class="pho alt">fɑːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/far-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/far-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* start <span class="pho alt">stɑːrt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/start-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/start-us-female.mp3"></span>
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# 3.1.3. <span class="pho">ɪ</span>/<span class="pho">i</span>/<span class="pho">iː</span>
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在美式英语中，<span class="pho">i</span> 有 *3* 个版本，短元音 <span class="pho">ɪ</span>、半长元音 <span class="pho">i</span>，和长元音 <span class="pho">iː</span>。其中，<span class="pho">i</span> 和 <span class="pho">iː</span> 的口型最小，<span class="pho">ɪ</span> 的口型相对较大。
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## 3.1.3.1. 短元音 <span class="pho">ɪ</span>
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短元音 <span class="pho">ɪ</span> 并不简单地是长元音 <span class="pho">iː</span> 的更短版本，它更像是 <span class="pho">e</span> 和 <span class="pho">i</span> 之间的一个音。听起来很像是更短版本的 <span class="pho">eɪ</span>，从唇形上来看<span class="pho">ɪ</span> 更接近 <span class="pho">e</span> 。
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仔细听听这几个词汇：
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> * *bit* <span class="pho alt">bɪt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/bit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/bit-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
> * *sit* <span class="pho alt">sɪt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/sit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/sit-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
> * *hill* <span class="pho alt">hɪl</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/hill-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/hill-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
## 3.1.3.2. 长元音 <span class="pho">iː</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="pho">iː</span> 并不简单地是短元音 <span class="pho">ɪ</span> 的长版本，它没有 <span class="pho">eɪ</span> 的音色，口型相对于 <span class="pho">ɪ</span> 更为扁平。
|
||||
|
||||
再进行一下比较：
|
||||
|
||||
> * *bit* <span class="pho alt">bɪt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/bit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/bit-us-female.mp3"></span> ⭤ *beat* <span class="pho alt">bi:t</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/beat-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/beat-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
> * *sit* <span class="pho alt">sɪt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/sit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/sit-us-female.mp3"></span> ⭤ *seat* <span class="pho alt">si:t</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/seat-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/seat-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
> * *hill* <span class="pho alt">hɪl</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/hill-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/hill-us-female.mp3"></span> ⭤ *heal* <span class="pho alt">hi:l</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/heal-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/heal-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
## 3.1.3.3. 半长元音 <span class="pho">i</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="pho">i</span> 这个音实际上还有个半长元音版本，<span class="pho">ɪ</span> 在词汇末尾的时候，更倾向于像是 <span class="pho">iː</span> 这个长元音的更短版本，<span class="pho">i</span>，长度介于 <span class="pho">ɪ</span> 和 <span class="pho">iː</span> 之间 —— 也就是说，<span class="pho">i</span> 是个半长元音。
|
||||
|
||||
比如，*responsibility* <span class="pho alt">rɪˌspɑːn·səˈbɪl·ə·t̬i</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/responsibility-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/responsibility-us-female.mp3"></span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/responsibility-uk-male.mp3" data-audio-uk-female="/audios/responsibility-uk-female.mp3"></span>…… 在这一点上，英音美音都是一样的。
|
||||
|
||||
值得注意的是，这一点很可能与我们在中国大陆的学校里学到的不一样 —— 主要是因为我们的教材常年不更新的缘故。CEPD 也是到了第 *13* 版才全面把词汇末尾的 <span class="pho">ɪ</span> 更改为 <span class="pho">i</span>（还专门有个名字，叫作 *happy i*）。另外，绝大多数电子词典配备 “真人发音” 也只不过是近十几年的事情而已。
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellingsi:
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">ɪ</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **i**
|
||||
* bit <span class="pho alt">bɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/bit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/bit-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* sit <span class="pho alt">sɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/sit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/sit-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* hill <span class="pho alt">hɪl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/hill-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/hill-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **y**
|
||||
* gym <span class="pho alt">dʒɪm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/gym-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/gym-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* myth <span class="pho alt">mɪθ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/myth-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/myth-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* symbol <span class="pho alt">ˈsɪm.bəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/symbol-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/symbol-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **e**
|
||||
* pretty <span class="pho alt">ˈprɪt̬.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/pretty-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/pretty-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* English <span class="pho alt">ˈɪŋ.ɡlɪʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/English-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/English-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ui**
|
||||
* build <span class="pho alt">bɪld</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/build-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/build-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* guitar <span class="pho alt">ɡɪˈtɑːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/guitar-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/guitar-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* guilty <span class="pho alt">ˈɡɪl.ti</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/guilty-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/guilty-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">iː</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **ee**
|
||||
* bee <span class="pho alt">biː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/bee-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/bee-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* see <span class="pho alt">siː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/see-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/see-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* tree <span class="pho alt">triː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/tree-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/tree-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ea**
|
||||
* eat <span class="pho alt">iːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/eat-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/eat-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* beach <span class="pho alt">biːtʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/beach-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/beach-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* leave <span class="pho alt">liːv</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/leave-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/leave-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **e**
|
||||
* he <span class="pho alt">hiː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/he-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/he-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* me <span class="pho alt">miː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/me-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/me-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* she <span class="pho alt">ʃiː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/she-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/she-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ie**
|
||||
* believe <span class="pho alt">bɪˈliːv</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/believe-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/believe-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* field <span class="pho alt">fiːld</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/field-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/field-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* chief <span class="pho alt">tʃiːf</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/chief-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/chief-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">i</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **y**
|
||||
* happy <span class="pho alt">ˈhæp.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/happy-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/happy-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* certainly <span class="pho alt">ˈsɝː.tən.li</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/certainly-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/certainly-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* unexpectedly <span class="pho alt">ˌʌn.ɪkˈspek.tɪd.li</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/unexpectedly-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/unexpectedly-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user