spellings and examples added.
This commit is contained in:
xiaolai
@@ -29,3 +29,57 @@ Please note that in CEPD, the American English sound <span class="pho">ɑː</spa
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英音中的 <span class="pho">ɑː</span> 在美式英语中读作 <span class="pho">æ</span>，最常见的例子是 *ask*，英音是 <span class="pho alt">ɑːsk</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/us/ask-uk-male.mp3" data-audio-uk-female="/audios/us/ask-uk-female.mp3"></span>，美音是 <span class="pho alt">æsk</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/ask-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/ask-us-female.mp3"></span>。
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In American English, the British <span class="pho">ɑː</span> sound is pronounced as <span class="pho">æ</span>. The most common example is the word *ask*. In British English, it's pronounced as <span class="pho alt">ɑːsk</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/us/ask-uk-male.mp3" data-audio-uk-female="/audios/us/ask-uk-female.mp3"></span>, while in American English, it's pronounced as <span class="pho alt">æsk</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/ask-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/ask-us-female.mp3"></span>.
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## 拼写（Spellings）
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### <span class="pho">ʌ</span>
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* **u**
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- sun <span class="pho alt">sʌn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sun-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sun-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- cup <span class="pho alt">kʌp</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/cup-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/cup-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- but <span class="pho alt">bʌt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/but-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/but-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **o**
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- son <span class="pho alt">sʌn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/son-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/son-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- comfort <span class="pho alt">ˈkʌm.fɚt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/comfort-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/comfort-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- money <span class="pho alt">ˈmʌn.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/money-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/money-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **ou**
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- young <span class="pho alt">jʌŋ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/young-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/young-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- double <span class="pho alt">ˈdʌb.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/double-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/double-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- country <span class="pho alt">ˈkʌn.tri</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/country-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/country-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **oo**
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- blood <span class="pho alt">blʌd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/blood-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/blood-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- flood <span class="pho alt">flʌd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/flood-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/flood-us-female.mp3"></span>
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### <span class="pho">ɑː</span> (equivalent to British <span class="pho">ɒ</span>)
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* **a**
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- father <span class="pho alt">ˈfɑː.ðɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/father-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/father-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- watch <span class="pho alt">wɑːtʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/watch-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/watch-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- wasp <span class="pho alt">wɑːsp</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/wasp-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/wasp-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **al**
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- almond <span class="pho alt">ˈɑːl.mənd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/almond-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/almond-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- balm <span class="pho alt">bɑːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/balm-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/balm-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- palm <span class="pho alt">pɑːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/palm-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/palm-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **au**
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- because <span class="pho alt">bɪˈkɑːz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/because-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/because-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- clause <span class="pho alt">klɑːz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/clause-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/clause-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- paunch <span class="pho alt">pɑːntʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/paunch-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/paunch-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **aw**
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- drawn <span class="pho alt">drɑːn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/drawn-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/drawn-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- awning <span class="pho alt">ˈɑː.nɪŋ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/awning-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/awning-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- law <span class="pho alt">lɑː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/law-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/law-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **o**
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- hot <span class="pho alt">hɑːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/hot-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/hot-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- dog <span class="pho alt">dɑːɡ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/dog-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/dog-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- log <span class="pho alt">lɑːɡ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/log-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/log-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **ough**
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- bought <span class="pho alt">bɑːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bought-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bought-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- thought <span class="pho alt">θɑːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/thought-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/thought-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- fought <span class="pho alt">fɑːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/fought-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/fought-us-female.mp3"></span>
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### <span class="pho">ɑːr</span>
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* **ar**
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- car <span class="pho alt">kɑːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/car-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/car-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- far <span class="pho alt">fɑːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/far-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/far-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- start <span class="pho alt">stɑːrt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/start-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/start-us-female.mp3"></span>
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@@ -29,3 +29,38 @@ There are two key points to pronouncing <span class="pho">æ</span>:
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The first point is relatively more important. Try saying these two words: *apple* <span class="pho alt">ˈæpəl</span> and *banana* <span class="pho alt">bəˈnænə</span>, and try intentionally stretching the <span class="pho">æ</span> a little longer.
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[^1]: In IPA, <span class="pho">e</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3"></span> is actually pronounced more like <span class="pho">eɪ</span>, a front, closed, unrounded vowel, while <span class="pho">e</span> in CEPD is equivalent to <span class="pho">ɛ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3"></span> in IPA, a front, open-mid, unrounded vowel.
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## 拼写（Spellings）
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### <span class="pho">e</span>
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* **e**
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- bed <span class="pho alt">bed</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bed-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bed-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- guess <span class="pho alt">ɡes</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/guess-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/guess-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- pet <span class="pho alt">pet</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pet-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pet-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **ea**
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- bread <span class="pho alt">bred</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bread-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bread-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- dead <span class="pho alt">ded</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/dead-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/dead-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- lead <span class="pho alt">liːd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/lead-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/lead-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **a**
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- any <span class="pho alt">ˈen.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/any-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/any-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- many <span class="pho alt">ˈmen.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/many-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/many-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- says <span class="pho alt">sez</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/says-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/says-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **ai**
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- again <span class="pho alt">əˈɡen</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/again-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/again-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- said <span class="pho alt">sed</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/said-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/said-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **ie**
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- friend <span class="pho alt">frend</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/friend-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/friend-us-female.mp3"></span>
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### <span class="pho">æ</span>
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* **a**
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- apple <span class="pho alt">ˈæp.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/apple-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/apple-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- cat <span class="pho alt">kæt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/cat-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/cat-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- glass <span class="pho alt">ɡlæs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/glass-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/glass-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **al**
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- calf <span class="pho alt">kæf</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/calf-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/calf-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- half <span class="pho alt">hæf</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/half-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/half-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **au**
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- laugh <span class="pho alt">læf</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/laugh-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/laugh-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- draught <span class="pho alt">dræft</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/draught-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/draught-us-female.mp3"></span>
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@@ -33,3 +33,75 @@ It should be noted, in American English pronunciation, the tongue tip *never* to
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注意，在连贯的自然语音中，很多非重音音节的元音，都有被简化成 <span class="pho">ə</span>（*schwa*）的倾向，尤其是 <span class="pho">ɪ</span>。比如，*individual*, <span class="pho alt">ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒuəl</span>，实际上会被读作 <span class="pho">ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəʷəl</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/individual-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/individual-us-female.mp3"></span> —— <span class="pho">u</span> 也变成了 <span class="pho">ə</span>，而后 <span class="pho">u</span> 和 <span class="pho">ə</span> 之间有个加音 <span class="pho">ʷ</span>…… 事实上，现在已经有很多词典干脆直接标注成了后者。
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Keep in mind that in fluent, natural speech, many unstressed vowel sounds in syllables are often simplified to <span class="pho">ə</span> (*schwa*), especially <span class="pho">ɪ</span>. For instance, *individual* <span class="pho alt">ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒjʊəl</span>, is often actually pronounced as <span class="pho alt">ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəʷəl</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/individual-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/individual-us-female.mp3"></span> - <span class="pho">u</span> also becomes <span class="pho">ə</span>, and there's a added <span class="pho">ʷ</span> sound between <span class="pho">u</span> and <span class="pho">ə</span>… In fact, many dictionaries now straightforwardly use the latter phonetic annotation.
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## 拼写（Spellings）
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### <span class="pho">ə</span>
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* **a**
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- about <span class="pho alt">əˈbaʊt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/about-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/about-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- banana <span class="pho alt">bəˈnæn.ə</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/banana-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/banana-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- sofa <span class="pho alt">ˈsoʊ.fə</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sofa-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sofa-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **e**
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- open <span class="pho alt">ˈoʊ.pən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/open-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/open-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- problem <span class="pho alt">ˈprɑː.bləm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/problem-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/problem-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- synthesis <span class="pho alt">ˈsɪn.θə.sɪs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/synthesis-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/synthesis-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **i**
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- animal <span class="pho alt">ˈæn.ɪ.məl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/animal-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/animal-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- president <span class="pho alt">ˈprez.ɪ.dənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/president-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/president-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- pupil <span class="pho alt">ˈpjuː.pəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pupil-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pupil-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **o**
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- bacon <span class="pho alt">ˈbeɪ.kən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bacon-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bacon-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- lesson <span class="pho alt">ˈles.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/lesson-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/lesson-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- pilot <span class="pho alt">ˈpaɪ.lət</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pilot-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pilot-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **u**
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- circus <span class="pho alt">ˈsɝː.kəs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/circus-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/circus-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- medium <span class="pho alt">ˈmiː.di.əm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/medium-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/medium-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- support <span class="pho alt">səˈpɔːrt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/support-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/support-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **ou**
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- courageous <span class="pho alt">kəˈreɪ.dʒəs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/courageous-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/courageous-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- famous <span class="pho alt">ˈfeɪ.məs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/famous-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/famous-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- humorous <span class="pho alt">ˈhjuː.mə.rəs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/humorous-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/humorous-us-female.mp3"></span>
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### <span class="pho">ɚ</span>
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* **er**
|
||||
- better <span class="pho alt">ˈbet̬.ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/better-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/better-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- butter <span class="pho alt">ˈbʌt̬.ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/butter-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/butter-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- teacher <span class="pho alt">ˈtiː.tʃɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/teacher-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/teacher-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **or**
|
||||
- actor <span class="pho alt">ˈæk.tɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/actor-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/actor-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- doctor <span class="pho alt">ˈdɑːk.tɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/doctor-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/doctor-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- editor <span class="pho alt">ˈed.ɪ.t̬ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/editor-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/editor-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ar**
|
||||
- beggar <span class="pho alt">ˈbeɡ.ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/beggar-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/beggar-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- burglar <span class="pho alt">ˈbɝː.ɡlɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/burglar-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/burglar-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- collar <span class="pho alt">ˈkɑː.lɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/collar-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/collar-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ure**
|
||||
- culture <span class="pho alt">ˈkʌl.tʃɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/culture-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/culture-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- figure <span class="pho alt">ˈfɪɡ.jɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/figure-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/figure-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- pressure <span class="pho alt">ˈpreʃ.ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pressure-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pressure-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">ɝː</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **er**
|
||||
- her <span class="pho alt">hɝː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/her-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/her-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- term <span class="pho alt">tɝːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/term-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/term-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- clerk <span class="pho alt">klɝːk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/clerk-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/clerk-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ear**
|
||||
- earn <span class="pho alt">ɝːn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/earn-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/earn-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- earth <span class="pho alt">ɝːθ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/earth-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/earth-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- heard <span class="pho alt">hɝːd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/heard-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/heard-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ir**
|
||||
- bird <span class="pho alt">bɝːd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bird-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bird-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- first <span class="pho alt">ˈfɝːst</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/first-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/first-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- stir <span class="pho alt">stɝː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/stir-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/stir-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ur**
|
||||
- burn <span class="pho alt">bɝːn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/burn-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/burn-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- nurse <span class="pho alt">nɝːs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/nurse-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/nurse-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- turn <span class="pho alt">tɝːn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/turn-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/turn-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **or**
|
||||
- word <span class="pho alt">wɝːd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/word-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/word-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- world <span class="pho alt">wɝːld</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/world-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/world-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- worse <span class="pho alt">wɝːs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/worse-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/worse-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -8,4 +8,51 @@ The <span class="pho">ɪ</span> sound doesn't merely represent a shorter version
|
||||
|
||||
另外，这个音实际上还有第 3 个版本，<span class="pho">ɪ</span> 在词汇末尾的时候，更倾向于像是 <span class="pho">iː</span> 这个长元音的更短版本，<span class="pho">i</span>，长度介于 <span class="pho">ɪ</span> 和 <span class="pho">iː</span> 之间 —— 也就是说，<span class="pho">i</span> 是个半长元音。比如，*responsibility* <span class="pho alt">rɪˌspɑːn·səˈbɪl·ə·t̬i</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/responsibility-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/responsibility-us-female.mp3"></span>.
|
||||
|
||||
In addition, this sound actually has a third variation. When <span class="pho">ɪ</span> appears at the end of words, it tends to sound more like a shortened version of the long vowel <span class="pho">iː</span> — <span class="pho">i</span>, with a length somewhere in between <span class="pho">ɪ</span> and <span class="pho">iː</span>, which means <span class="pho">i</span> is a *semi-long vowel*. For instance, in the word *responsibility <span class="pho alt">rɪˌspɑːn·səˈbɪl·ə·t̬i</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/responsibility-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/responsibility-us-female.mp3"></span>.
|
||||
In addition, this sound actually has a third variation. When <span class="pho">ɪ</span> appears at the end of words, it tends to sound more like a shortened version of the long vowel <span class="pho">iː</span> — <span class="pho">i</span>, with a length somewhere in between <span class="pho">ɪ</span> and <span class="pho">iː</span>, which means <span class="pho">i</span> is a *semi-long vowel*. For instance, in the word *responsibility <span class="pho alt">rɪˌspɑːn·səˈbɪl·ə·t̬i</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/responsibility-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/responsibility-us-female.mp3"></span>.
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">ɪ</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **i**
|
||||
- bit <span class="pho alt">bɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bit-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- sit <span class="pho alt">sɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sit-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- hill <span class="pho alt">hɪl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/hill-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/hill-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **y**
|
||||
- gym <span class="pho alt">dʒɪm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/gym-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/gym-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- myth <span class="pho alt">mɪθ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/myth-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/myth-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- symbol <span class="pho alt">ˈsɪm.bəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/symbol-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/symbol-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **e**
|
||||
- pretty <span class="pho alt">ˈprɪt̬.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pretty-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pretty-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- English <span class="pho alt">ˈɪŋ.ɡlɪʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/English-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/English-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ui**
|
||||
- build <span class="pho alt">bɪld</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/build-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/build-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- guitar <span class="pho alt">ɡɪˈtɑːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/guitar-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/guitar-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- guilty <span class="pho alt">ˈɡɪl.ti</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/guilty-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/guilty-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">iː</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **ee**
|
||||
- bee <span class="pho alt">biː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bee-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bee-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- see <span class="pho alt">siː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/see-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/see-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- tree <span class="pho alt">triː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/tree-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/tree-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ea**
|
||||
- eat <span class="pho alt">iːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/eat-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/eat-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- beach <span class="pho alt">biːtʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/beach-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/beach-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- leave <span class="pho alt">liːv</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/leave-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/leave-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **e**
|
||||
- he <span class="pho alt">hiː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/he-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/he-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- me <span class="pho alt">miː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/me-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/me-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- she <span class="pho alt">ʃiː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/she-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/she-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ie**
|
||||
- believe <span class="pho alt">bɪˈliːv</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/believe-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/believe-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- field <span class="pho alt">fiːld</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/field-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/field-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- chief <span class="pho alt">tʃiːf</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/chief-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/chief-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">i</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **y**
|
||||
- happy <span class="pho alt">ˈhæp.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/happy-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/happy-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- certainly <span class="pho alt">ˈsɝː.tən.li</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/certainly-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/certainly-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- unexpectedly <span class="pho alt">ˌʌn.ɪkˈspek.tɪd.li</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/unexpectedly-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/unexpectedly-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -7,3 +7,42 @@ This pair of vowels is used in virtually every language on Earth, and it's used
|
||||
另外，在 CEPD 中，这个音在非重音音节时被标注为 <span class="pho">u</span>，之前见到过的例子是 *situation* <span class="pho alt">ˌsɪtʃ·uˈeɪ·ʃən</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/situation-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/situation-us-female.mp3"></span>。
|
||||
|
||||
Additionally, in the Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary (CEPD), when the sound occurs in an unstressed syllable, it is marked as <span class="pho">u</span>. For example, in the word situation, it's shown as <span class="pho alt">ˌsɪtʃ·uˈeɪ·ʃən</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/situation-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/situation-us-female.mp3"></span>.
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">ʊ</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **u**
|
||||
- bush <span class="pho alt">bʊʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bush-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bush-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- push <span class="pho alt">pʊʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/push-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/push-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- put <span class="pho alt">pʊt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/put-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/put-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **oo**
|
||||
- book <span class="pho alt">bʊk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/book-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/book-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- good <span class="pho alt">ɡʊd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/good-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/good-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- wood <span class="pho alt">wʊd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/wood-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/wood-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **ou**
|
||||
- could <span class="pho alt">kʊd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/could-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/could-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- should <span class="pho alt">ʃʊd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/should-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/should-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- would <span class="pho alt">wʊd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/would-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/would-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">uː</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **ew**
|
||||
- chew <span class="pho alt">tʃuː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/chew-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/chew-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- drew <span class="pho alt">druː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/drew-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/drew-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **o**
|
||||
- do <span class="pho alt">duː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/do-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/do-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- to <span class="pho alt">tuː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/to-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/to-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- who <span class="pho alt">huː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/who-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/who-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **oo**
|
||||
- boot <span class="pho alt">buːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/boot-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/boot-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- food <span class="pho alt">fuːd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/food-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/food-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- moon <span class="pho alt">muːn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/moon-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/moon-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **u**
|
||||
- June <span class="pho alt">dʒuːn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/June-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/June-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- rule <span class="pho alt">ruːl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/rule-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/rule-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ue**
|
||||
- glue <span class="pho alt">ɡluː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/glue-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/glue-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- true <span class="pho alt">truː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/true-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/true-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -21,3 +21,53 @@ However, the long vowel sound <span class="pho">ɔː</span> in American English
|
||||
另外，在重读音节里，<span class="pho">ɔː</span> 可能会被美国人儿化，读成 <span class="pho">ɔːr</span> ，更像是双元音 <span class="pho">ɔər</span>。比如，*more* <span class="pho alt">mɔːr</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/more-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/more-us-female.mp3"></span>。
|
||||
|
||||
Additionally, in *stressed* syllables, <span class="pho">ɔː</span> might be rhotacized by Americans to sound like <span class="pho">ɔːr</span>, resembling the diphthong <span class="pho">ɔər</span>, for example, *more* <span class="pho alt">mɔːr</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/more-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/more-us-female.mp3"></span>.
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">ɑː</span> (equivalent to British <span class="pho">ɒ</span>)
|
||||
|
||||
* **a**
|
||||
- father <span class="pho alt">ˈfɑː.ðɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/father-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/father-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- watch <span class="pho alt">wɑːtʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/watch-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/watch-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- wasp <span class="pho alt">wɑːsp</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/wasp-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/wasp-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **al**
|
||||
- almond <span class="pho alt">ˈɑːl.mənd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/almond-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/almond-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- balm <span class="pho alt">bɑːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/balm-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/balm-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- palm <span class="pho alt">pɑːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/palm-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/palm-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **au**
|
||||
- because <span class="pho alt">bɪˈkɑːz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/because-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/because-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- clause <span class="pho alt">klɑːz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/clause-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/clause-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- paunch <span class="pho alt">pɑːntʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/paunch-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/paunch-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **aw**
|
||||
- drawn <span class="pho alt">drɑːn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/drawn-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/drawn-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- awning <span class="pho alt">ˈɑː.nɪŋ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/awning-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/awning-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- law <span class="pho alt">lɑː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/law-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/law-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **o**
|
||||
- hot <span class="pho alt">hɑːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/hot-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/hot-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- dog <span class="pho alt">dɑːɡ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/dog-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/dog-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- log <span class="pho alt">lɑːɡ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/log-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/log-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ough**
|
||||
- bought <span class="pho alt">bɑːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bought-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bought-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- thought <span class="pho alt">θɑːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/thought-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/thought-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- fought <span class="pho alt">fɑːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/fought-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/fought-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">ɔːr</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **or**
|
||||
- fork <span class="pho alt">fɔːrk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/fork-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/fork-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- horse <span class="pho alt">hɔːrs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/horse-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/horse-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- short <span class="pho alt">ʃɔːrt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/short-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/short-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **oar**
|
||||
- board <span class="pho alt">bɔːrd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/board-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/board-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- soar <span class="pho alt">sɔːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/soar-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/soar-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- roar <span class="pho alt">rɔːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/roar-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/roar-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **our**
|
||||
- four <span class="pho alt">fɔːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/four-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/four-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- pour <span class="pho alt">pɔːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pour-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pour-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ore**
|
||||
- core <span class="pho alt">kɔːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/core-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/core-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- more <span class="pho alt">mɔːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/more-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/more-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- shore <span class="pho alt">ʃɔːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/shore-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/shore-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **oor**
|
||||
- door <span class="pho alt">dɔːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/door-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/door-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- floor <span class="pho alt">flɔːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/floor-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/floor-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
||||
# 2.1.9. <span class="pho">aɪ, eɪ, ɔɪ, aʊ, əʊ, er, ɪr, ʊr</span>
|
||||
# 2.1.9. <span class="pho">aɪ, eɪ, ɔɪ, aʊ, oʊ, er, ɪr, ʊr</span>
|
||||
|
||||
亚洲语系基本上都没有和英文一样**长度**的**双元音**。韩文日文的母音和中文的韵母虽然都有少数由两个基础音素构成的组合音，但，它们和英文的双元音不同的地方在于，它们都是和其它韵母或者母音**等长**的，而不是像英文双元音的长度那样几乎是短元音的**两倍**。
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -32,4 +32,146 @@ When pronouncing the sounds <span class="pho">aʊ, oʊ</span>, mouth shape shoul
|
||||
|
||||
在读它们的时候，重要的是，要把它们读得**足够长** —— 几乎要占用两个元音的发声时长，并且足够饱满。
|
||||
|
||||
When pronouncing them, it's crucial to draw out the sounds - because they're taking the duration of two vowels - and make sure they are full and rich.
|
||||
When pronouncing them, it's crucial to draw out the sounds - because they're taking the duration of two vowels - and make sure they are full and rich.
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">aɪ</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **i**
|
||||
- align <span class="pho alt">əˈlaɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/align-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/align-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- ice <span class="pho alt">aɪs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/ice-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/ice-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- spider <span class="pho alt">ˈspaɪ.dɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/spider-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/spider-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ie**
|
||||
- lies <span class="pho alt">laɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/lies-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/lies-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- pie <span class="pho alt">paɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pie-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pie-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- tie <span class="pho alt">taɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/tie-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/tie-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **igh**
|
||||
- high <span class="pho alt">haɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/high-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/high-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- light <span class="pho alt">laɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/light-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/light-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- night <span class="pho alt">naɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/night-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/night-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **uy**
|
||||
- buy <span class="pho alt">baɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/buy-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/buy-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- guy <span class="pho alt">ɡaɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/guy-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/guy-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **y**
|
||||
- cry <span class="pho alt">kraɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/cry-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/cry-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- fly <span class="pho alt">flaɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/fly-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/fly-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- supply <span class="pho alt">səˈplaɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/supply-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/supply-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">eɪ</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **a**
|
||||
- cake <span class="pho alt">keɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/cake-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/cake-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- make <span class="pho alt">meɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/make-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/make-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- table <span class="pho alt">ˈteɪ.bəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/table-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/table-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ai**
|
||||
- paint <span class="pho alt">peɪnt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/paint-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/paint-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- rain <span class="pho alt">reɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/rain-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/rain-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- train <span class="pho alt">reɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/train-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/train-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ay**
|
||||
- day <span class="pho alt">deɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/day-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/day-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- play <span class="pho alt">pleɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/play-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/play-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- stay <span class="pho alt">steɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/stay-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/stay-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ea**
|
||||
- break <span class="pho alt">breɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/break-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/break-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- great <span class="pho alt">ɡreɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/great-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/great-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- steak <span class="pho alt">steɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/steak-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/steak-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ei**/**eigh**
|
||||
- eight <span class="pho alt">eɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/eight-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/eight-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- reign <span class="pho alt">reɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/reign-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/reign-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- vein <span class="pho alt">veɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/vein-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/vein-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- weight <span class="pho alt">weɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/weight-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/weight-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ey**
|
||||
- grey <span class="pho alt">ɡreɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/grey-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/grey-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- survey <span class="pho alt">ˈsɝː.veɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/survey-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/survey-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- they <span class="pho alt">ðeɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/they-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/they-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">ɔɪ</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **oi**
|
||||
- join <span class="pho alt">dʒɔɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/join-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/join-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- voice <span class="pho alt">vɔɪs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/voice-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/voice-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **oy**
|
||||
- boy <span class="pho alt">bɔɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/boy-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/boy-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- joy <span class="pho alt">dʒɔɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/joy-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/joy-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- toy <span class="pho alt">tɔɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/toy-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/toy-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">aʊ</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **au**
|
||||
- kraut <span class="pho alt">kraʊt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/kraut-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/kraut-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ou**
|
||||
- house <span class="pho alt">haʊs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/house-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/house-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- out <span class="pho alt">aʊt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/out-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/out-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ow**
|
||||
- brown <span class="pho alt">braʊn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/brown-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/brown-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- cow <span class="pho alt">kaʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/cow-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/cow-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- flower <span class="pho alt">ˈflaʊ.ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/flower-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/flower-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">oʊ</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **o**
|
||||
- go <span class="pho alt">ɡoʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/go-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/go-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- no <span class="pho alt">noʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/no-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/no-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- so <span class="pho alt">soʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/so-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/so-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **oa**
|
||||
- boat <span class="pho alt">boʊt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/boat-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/boat-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- road <span class="pho alt">roʊd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/road-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/road-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- soap <span class="pho alt">soʊp</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/soap-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/soap-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **oe**
|
||||
- Joe <span class="pho alt">dʒoʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/Joe-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/Joe-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- foe <span class="pho alt">foʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/foe-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/foe-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- toe <span class="pho alt">toʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/toe-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/toe-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ow**
|
||||
- blow <span class="pho alt">bloʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/blow-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/blow-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- grow <span class="pho alt">ɡroʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/grow-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/grow-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- show <span class="pho alt">ʃoʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/show-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/show-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ough**
|
||||
- though <span class="pho alt">ðoʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/though-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/though-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- dough <span class="pho alt">doʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/dough-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/dough-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ew**
|
||||
- sew <span class="pho alt">soʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sew-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sew-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">er</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **ear**
|
||||
- bear <span class="pho alt">ber</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bear-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bear-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **air**
|
||||
- air <span class="pho alt">er</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/air-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/air-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- fair <span class="pho alt">er</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/fair-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/fair-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- pair <span class="pho alt">er</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pair-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pair-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **are**
|
||||
- care <span class="pho alt">ker</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/care-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/care-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- fare <span class="pho alt">fer</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/fare-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/fare-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- ware <span class="pho alt">wer</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/ware-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/ware-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">ɪr</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **eer**
|
||||
- cheer <span class="pho alt">tʃɪr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/cheer-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/cheer-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- deer <span class="pho alt">dɪr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/deer-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/deer-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- steer <span class="pho alt">stɪr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/steer-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/steer-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ear**
|
||||
- clear <span class="pho alt">klɪr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/clear-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/clear-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- fear <span class="pho alt">fɪr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/fear-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/fear-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- near <span class="pho alt">nɪr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/near-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/near-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ier**
|
||||
- fierce <span class="pho alt">fɪrs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/fierce-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/fierce-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- pier <span class="pho alt">pɪr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pier-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pier-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **eir**
|
||||
- weird <span class="pho alt">wɪrd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/weird-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/weird-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">ʊr</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **ure**
|
||||
- cure <span class="pho alt">kjʊr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/cure-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/cure-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- pure <span class="pho alt">pjʊr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pure-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pure-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- sure <span class="pho alt">ʃʊr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sure-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sure-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **our**
|
||||
- tour <span class="pho alt">tʊr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/tour-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/tour-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- velour <span class="pho alt">vəˈlʊr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/velour-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/velour-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- your <span class="pho alt">jʊr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/your-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/your-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **oor**
|
||||
- poor <span class="pho alt">pʊr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/poor-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/poor-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- moor <span class="pho alt">mʊr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/moor-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/moor-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -13,4 +13,40 @@ To get your tongue used to this position, it's a good idea to practice repeatedl
|
||||
> * <span class="pho">ʃ... tʃ... ʃ... tʃ... ʃ... tʃ... ʃ... tʃ... ʃ... tʃ...</span>
|
||||
> * <span class="pho">ʒ... dʒ... ʒ... dʒ... ʒ... dʒ... ʒ... dʒ... ʒ... dʒ...</span>
|
||||
> * <span class="pho">ʃ... ʒ... ʃ... ʒ... ʃ... ʒ... ʃ... ʒ... ʃ... ʒ...</span>
|
||||
> * <span class="pho">tʃ... dʒ... tʃ... dʒ... tʃ... dʒ... tʃ... dʒ... tʃ... dʒ...</span>
|
||||
> * <span class="pho">tʃ... dʒ... tʃ... dʒ... tʃ... dʒ... tʃ... dʒ... tʃ... dʒ...</span>
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">ʧ</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **ch**
|
||||
- charm <span class="pho alt">tʃɑːrm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/charm-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/charm-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- church <span class="pho alt">tʃɝːtʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/church-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/church-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- teach <span class="pho alt">tiːtʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/teach-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/teach-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **tch**
|
||||
- match <span class="pho alt">mætʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/match-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/match-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- pitch <span class="pho alt">pɪtʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pitch-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pitch-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- watch <span class="pho alt">wɑːtʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/watch-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/watch-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **t** (+ure)
|
||||
- creature <span class="pho alt">ˈkriː.tʃɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/creature-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/creature-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- future <span class="pho alt">ˈfjuː.tʃɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/future-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/future-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- nature <span class="pho alt">ˈneɪ.tʃɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/nature-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/nature-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">dʒ</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **d**
|
||||
- soldier <span class="pho alt">ˈsoʊl.dʒɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/soldier-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/soldier-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- procedure <span class="pho alt">prəˈsiː.dʒɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/procedure-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/procedure-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **g**
|
||||
- gentle <span class="pho alt">ˈdʒen.t̬əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/gentle-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/gentle-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- giant <span class="pho alt">ˈdʒaɪ.ənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/giant-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/giant-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- rage <span class="pho alt">reɪdʒ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/rage-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/rage-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **dg**
|
||||
- badge <span class="pho alt">bædʒ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/badge-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/badge-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- bridge <span class="pho alt">brɪdʒ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bridge-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bridge-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- judge <span class="pho alt">dʒʌdʒ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/judge-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/judge-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **j**
|
||||
- job <span class="pho alt">dʒɑːb</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/job-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/job-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- joy <span class="pho alt">dʒɔɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/joy-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/joy-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- jump <span class="pho alt">dʒʌmp</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/jump-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/jump-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -7,3 +7,17 @@ The difference between the sounds <span class="pho">tr, dr</span> and <span clas
|
||||
很多地区的人基于自身母语的习惯，会把 <span class="pho">tr</span> 和 <span class="pho">dr</span> 分开着连续读出的。比如，*tree*，印度人可能会把它读成 <span class="pho alt">tɤ.riː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/us/tree-ru-ru.mp3"></span>，其中的 <span class="pho">t</span> 干脆读成 <span class="pho">d</span>，并且 <span class="pho">r</span> 还会用齿龈颤音；再比如，*driver*，可能会被俄罗斯人读成 <span class="pho alt">dɤ.raɪvə</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/us/driver-ru-ru.mp3"></span>，其中的 <span class="pho">r</span> 同样会用齿龈颤音。
|
||||
|
||||
People from many regions, guided by the habits of their native languages, may pronounce <span class="pho">tr</span> and <span class="pho">dr</span> as separate, continuous sounds. For instance, someone from India might pronounce *tree* as <span class="pho alt">tɤ.riː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/us/tree-ru-ru.mp3"></span>, with the <span class="pho">t</span> articulated as <span class="pho">d</span>, and the <span class="pho">r</span> as a [*voiced alveolar trill*](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_dental,_alveolar_and_postalveolar_trills). Similarly, the word *driver* might be pronounced as <span class="pho alt">dɤ.raɪvə</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/us/driver-ru-ru.mp3"></span> by a Russian speaker, again using a voiced alveolar trill for the <span class="pho">r</span>.
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">tr</span>
|
||||
* **tr**
|
||||
- track <span class="pho alt">træk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/track-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/track-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- tree <span class="pho alt">triː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/tree-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/tree-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- trick <span class="pho alt">trɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/trick-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/trick-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">dr</span>
|
||||
* **dr**
|
||||
- drive <span class="pho alt">draɪv</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/drive-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/drive-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- dream <span class="pho alt">driːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/dream-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/dream-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- drink <span class="pho alt">drɪŋk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/drink-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/drink-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -8,4 +8,18 @@ The difference between <span class="pho">ts/dz</span> and <span class="pho">s/z<
|
||||
|
||||
可以用 *students* <span class="pho alt">ˈstudənts</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/students-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/students-us-female.mp3"></span> 这个词反复体会 <span class="pho">s</span>、<span class="pho">d</span>、<span class="pho">ts</span> 的舌尖位置（注意，开头的 <span class="pho">st</span> 会被读成 <span class="pho">sd</span>）……
|
||||
|
||||
The word *students* <span class="pho alt">ˈstudənts</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/students-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/students-us-female.mp3"></span> can be repeatedly pronounced to understand the tongue positions for <span class="pho">s</span>, <span class="pho">d</span>, and <span class="pho">ts</span> (note that the initial <span class="pho">st</span> is pronounced like <span class="pho">sd</span>).
|
||||
The word *students* <span class="pho alt">ˈstudənts</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/students-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/students-us-female.mp3"></span> can be repeatedly pronounced to understand the tongue positions for <span class="pho">s</span>, <span class="pho">d</span>, and <span class="pho">ts</span> (note that the initial <span class="pho">st</span> is pronounced like <span class="pho">sd</span>).
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">ts</span>
|
||||
* **ts**
|
||||
- clients <span class="pho alt">ˈklaɪ.ənts</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/clients-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/clients-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- students <span class="pho alt">ˈstuː.dənts</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/students-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/students-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- treats <span class="pho alt">triːts</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/treats-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/treats-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">dz</span>
|
||||
* **ds**
|
||||
- deeds <span class="pho alt">diːdz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/deeds-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/deeds-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- records <span class="pho alt">rɪˈkɔːrdz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/records-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/records-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- words <span class="pho alt">wɝːdz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/words-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/words-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -21,4 +21,38 @@ When <span class="pho">m/n</span> precedes <span class="pho">f/v</span>, their p
|
||||
|
||||
另外，当 <span class="pho">æ</span> 在 <span class="pho">m</span> 之前的时候，部分母语使用者会添一个 <span class="pho">ə</span> 进去，比如，Sam <span class="pho alt">sæm</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sam-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sam-us-female.mp3"></span>，会被他们读成 <span class="pho alt">sæəm</span>。
|
||||
|
||||
Additionally, when the vowel sound <span class="pho">æ</span> comes before <span class="pho">m</span>, some native speakers add an extra <span class="pho">ə</span> sound. For example, *Sam* <span class="pho alt">sæm</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sam-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sam-us-female.mp3"></span> can sometimes be pronounced as <span class="pho alt">sæəm</span>.
|
||||
Additionally, when the vowel sound <span class="pho">æ</span> comes before <span class="pho">m</span>, some native speakers add an extra <span class="pho">ə</span> sound. For example, *Sam* <span class="pho alt">sæm</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sam-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sam-us-female.mp3"></span> can sometimes be pronounced as <span class="pho alt">sæəm</span>.
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">m</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **m**
|
||||
- army <span class="pho alt">ˈɑːr.mi</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/army-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/army-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- mob <span class="pho alt">mɑːb</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/mob-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/mob-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- mom <span class="pho alt">mɑːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/mom-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/mom-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">n</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **n**
|
||||
- mind <span class="pho alt">maɪnd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/mind-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/mind-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- night <span class="pho alt">naɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/night-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/night-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- nine <span class="pho alt">naɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/nine-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/nine-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **kn**
|
||||
- know <span class="pho alt">noʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/know-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/know-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- knight <span class="pho alt">naɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/knight-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/knight-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **gn**
|
||||
- gnaw <span class="pho alt">nɑː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/gnaw-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/gnaw-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- gnome <span class="pho alt">noʊm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/gnome-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/gnome-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">ŋ</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **n** (before <span class=**pho**>k</span>)
|
||||
- anchor <span class="pho alt">ˈæŋ.kɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/anchor-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/anchor-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- bank <span class="pho alt">bæŋk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bank-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bank-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- thank <span class="pho alt">θæŋk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/thank-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/thank-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ng**
|
||||
- bang <span class="pho alt">bæŋ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bang-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bang-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- long <span class="pho alt">lɑːŋ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/long-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/long-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- sing <span class="pho alt">sɪŋ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sing-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sing-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -61,4 +61,20 @@ In linguistics, the letter <span class="pho">l</span> has a particular name - it
|
||||
|
||||
英文中另外一个**音节辅音**是 <span class="pho">m</span>。例如，*chasm* <span class="pho alt">ˈkæzm̩</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/chasm-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/chasm-us-female.mp3"></span>，相当于 <span class="pho alt">ˈkæzəm</span>, *prism* <span class="pho alt">ˈprɪzm̩</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/prism-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/prism-us-female.mp3"></span>，相当于 <span class="pho alt">ˈprɪzəm</span>。
|
||||
|
||||
Another *syllabic consonant* in English is <span class="pho">m</span>. For example, *chasm* <span class="pho alt">ˈkæzm̩</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/chasm-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/chasm-us-female.mp3"></span>，equivalent to <span class="pho alt">ˈkæzəm</span>, and *prism* <span class="pho alt">ˈprɪzm̩</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/prism-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/prism-us-female.mp3"></span>，equivalent to <span class="pho alt">ˈprɪzəm</span>.
|
||||
Another *syllabic consonant* in English is <span class="pho">m</span>. For example, *chasm* <span class="pho alt">ˈkæzm̩</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/chasm-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/chasm-us-female.mp3"></span>，equivalent to <span class="pho alt">ˈkæzəm</span>, and *prism* <span class="pho alt">ˈprɪzm̩</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/prism-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/prism-us-female.mp3"></span>，equivalent to <span class="pho alt">ˈprɪzəm</span>.
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">l</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **l**
|
||||
- feel <span class="pho alt">fiːl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/feel-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/feel-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- like <span class="pho alt">laɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/like-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/like-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- mill <span class="pho alt">mɪl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/mill-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/mill-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">r</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **r**
|
||||
- read <span class="pho alt">riːd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/read-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/read-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- road <span class="pho alt">roʊd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/road-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/road-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- ring <span class="pho alt">rɪŋ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/ring-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/ring-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -14,4 +14,30 @@ Similarly, when <span class="pho">w</span> is paired with a vowel, it's as if a
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="pho">w</span> 可以和另外的辅音结合作为音节开头：<span class="pho">sw</span>、<span class="pho">tw</span>、<span class="pho">dw</span>、<span class="pho">kw</span>、<span class="pho">skw</span>、<span class="pho">gw</span>…… 这其中最容易出错也最常的是 <span class="pho">kw</span>，尤其是 <span class="pho">kwɒ</span> 和 <span class="pho">kwɔː</span>，比如，*quart* <span class="pho alt">kwɔːrt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/quart-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/quart-us-female.mp3"></span>，常常会被误读为 <span class="pho alt">kɔːrt</span>（听起来和 *court* <span class="pho alt">kɔːrt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/court-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/court-us-female.mp3"></span> 同音）；再比如，*quality* <span class="pho alt">ˈkwɔːlɪti</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/quality-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/quality-us-female.mp3"></span> 常常会被误读为 <span class="pho alt">ˈkɔːlɪti</span> —— 关键在于，<span class="pho">k</span> 的音之后有一个发出 <span class="pho">ʊ</span> 的嘴唇动作，否则 <span class="pho">kw</span> 就变成了 <span class="pho">k</span> —— 这个差异在母语使用者听起来异常地明显。
|
||||
|
||||
The letter <span class="pho">w</span> can combine with other consonants to form the beginning of a syllable, such as <span class="pho">sw</span>, <span class="pho">tw</span>, <span class="pho">dw</span>, <span class="pho">kw</span>, <span class="pho">skw</span>, <span class="pho">gw</span>… The most common and often mispronounced combination is <span class="pho">kw</span>, specifically <span class="pho">kwɒ</span> and <span class="pho">kwɔː</span>. For example, the word *quart* is pronounced <span class="pho alt">kwɔːrt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/quart-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/quart-us-female.mp3"></span>, but it is often misconstrued as <span class="pho alt">kɔːrt</span>, which sounds like *court* <span class="pho alt">kɔːrt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/court-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/court-us-female.mp3"></span>, or *quality* <span class="pho alt">ˈkwɔːlɪti</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/quality-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/quality-us-female.mp3"></span> as <span class="pho alt">ˈkɔːlɪti</span>. The key to getting this right is to make a lip movement for the <span class="pho">ʊ</span> sound after the <span class="pho">k</span> sound; otherwise, <span class="pho">kw</span> just becomes <span class="pho">k</span>. This distinction is incredibly noticeable to native speakers.
|
||||
The letter <span class="pho">w</span> can combine with other consonants to form the beginning of a syllable, such as <span class="pho">sw</span>, <span class="pho">tw</span>, <span class="pho">dw</span>, <span class="pho">kw</span>, <span class="pho">skw</span>, <span class="pho">gw</span>… The most common and often mispronounced combination is <span class="pho">kw</span>, specifically <span class="pho">kwɒ</span> and <span class="pho">kwɔː</span>. For example, the word *quart* is pronounced <span class="pho alt">kwɔːrt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/quart-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/quart-us-female.mp3"></span>, but it is often misconstrued as <span class="pho alt">kɔːrt</span>, which sounds like *court* <span class="pho alt">kɔːrt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/court-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/court-us-female.mp3"></span>, or *quality* <span class="pho alt">ˈkwɔːlɪti</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/quality-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/quality-us-female.mp3"></span> as <span class="pho alt">ˈkɔːlɪti</span>. The key to getting this right is to make a lip movement for the <span class="pho">ʊ</span> sound after the <span class="pho">k</span> sound; otherwise, <span class="pho">kw</span> just becomes <span class="pho">k</span>. This distinction is incredibly noticeable to native speakers.
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">w</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **w**
|
||||
- week <span class="pho alt">wiːk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/week-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/week-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- weird <span class="pho alt">wɪrd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/weird-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/weird-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- wife <span class="pho alt">waɪf</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/wife-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/wife-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **wh**
|
||||
- white <span class="pho alt">waɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/white-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/white-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- what <span class="pho alt">wɑːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/what-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/what-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- why <span class="pho alt">waɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/why-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/why-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">j</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **y**
|
||||
- yes <span class="pho alt">jes</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/yes-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/yes-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- yet <span class="pho alt">jet</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/yet-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/yet-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- yoke <span class="pho alt">joʊk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/yoke-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/yoke-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **i**
|
||||
- onion <span class="pho alt">ˈʌn.jən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/onion-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/onion-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- million <span class="pho alt">ˈmɪl.jən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/million-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/million-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **j**
|
||||
- jager <span class="pho alt">ˈjeɪ.ɡɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/jager-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/jager-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- hallelujah <span class="pho alt">ˌhæl.ɪˈluː.jə</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/hallelujah-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/hallelujah-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -17,4 +17,24 @@ Chinese students often struggle to distinguish between *please* and *police* at
|
||||
* 前者末尾的辅音是 <span class="pho">z</span>，后者末尾的辅音是 <span class="pho">s</span>；
|
||||
* The final consonant in *please* is a <span class="pho">z</span> sound, whereas in *police*, it's an <span class="pho">s</span> sound.
|
||||
* 最关键的，前者开头最多听起来是 <span class="pho">pʊ</span>，而后者不一样，是 <span class="pho">p</span> 和另外一个元音构成的音节： <span class="pho">pə</span>……
|
||||
* Most importantly, the initial sound in *please* might be heard as <span class="pho">pʊ</span>, but in *police*, it's different. It's a syllable composed of <span class="pho">p</span> and another vowel: <span class="pho">pə</span>...
|
||||
* Most importantly, the initial sound in *please* might be heard as <span class="pho">pʊ</span>, but in *police*, it's different. It's a syllable composed of <span class="pho">p</span> and another vowel: <span class="pho">pə</span>...
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">p</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **p**
|
||||
- pat <span class="pho alt">pæt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pat-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pat-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- pick <span class="pho alt">pɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pick-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pick-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- stop <span class="pho alt">stɑːp</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/stop-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/stop-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **pp**
|
||||
- happy <span class="pho alt">ˈhæp.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/happy-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/happy-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- hopper <span class="pho alt">ˈhɑː.pɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/hopper-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/hopper-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- puppet <span class="pho alt">ˈpʌp.ɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/puppet-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/puppet-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">b</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **b**
|
||||
- big <span class="pho alt">bɪɡ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/big-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/big-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- blob <span class="pho alt">blɑːb</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/blob-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/blob-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- club <span class="pho alt">klʌb</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/club-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/club-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -44,3 +44,41 @@ In American English pronunciation, the consonant <span class="pho">t</span> and
|
||||
[^1]: 非重读音节末尾的 *nd* 中的 <span class="pho">d</span> 也常常并不发音，最常见的比如 *and* 会被读作 <span class="pho alt">ən</span>，再比如，*a second offer* 会被说成 <span class="pho alt">ə ˈsekən‿ɑːfɚ</span>。甚至，<span class="pho">ntʃ</span> 也常常被读成 <span class="pho">nᵗʃ</span>，比如，*adventure* <span class="pho">/ədˈvenᵗʃɚ/</span>, 或者 *French* <span class="pho">/frenᵗʃ/</span> —— 在 <span class="pho">nᵗʃ</span> 这一点上，美式英语和英式英语都一样。
|
||||
|
||||
[^2]: In American English, the <span class="pho">d</span> in "*nd*" at the end of an unstressed syllable also often goes silent. For example, "*and*" is usually pronounced as <span class="pho alt">ən</span>. Another instance is "*a second offer*," which sounds like <span class="pho alt">ə ˈsekən‿ɑːfɚ</span>. Even <span class="pho">ntʃ</span> is often pronounced as <span class="pho">nᵗʃ</span>. For example, adventure <span class="pho">/ədˈvenᵗʃɚ/</span> or French <span class="pho">/frenᵗʃ/</span>. In this respect, <span class="pho">nᵗʃ</span>, American English and British English are the same.
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">t</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **t**
|
||||
- take <span class="pho alt">teɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/take-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/take-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- top <span class="pho alt">tɑːp</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/top-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/top-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- tilt <span class="pho alt">tɪlt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/tilt-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/tilt-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **th**
|
||||
- Thomas <span class="pho alt">ˈtoʊm.əs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/thomas-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/thomas-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- Thames <span class="pho alt">temz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/thames-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/thames-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- thyme <span class="pho alt">taɪm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/thyme-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/thyme-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **tt**
|
||||
- butter <span class="pho alt">ˈbʌt̬.ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/butter-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/butter-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- little <span class="pho alt">ˈlɪt̬.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/little-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/little-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- matter <span class="pho alt">ˈmæt̬.ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/matter-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/matter-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ght**
|
||||
- caught <span class="pho alt">kɑːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/caught-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/caught-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- taught <span class="pho alt">not exist</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/taught-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/taught-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- thought <span class="pho alt">θɑːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/thought-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/thought-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ed** (after a voiceless consonant <span class="pho">p, k, f, s, sh, ch, th</span>)
|
||||
- hoped <span class="pho alt">hoʊpt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/hoped-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/hoped-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- laughed <span class="pho alt">læft</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/laughed-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/laughed-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- liked <span class="pho alt">laɪkt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/liked-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/liked-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- watched <span class="pho alt">wɑːtʃt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/watched-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/watched-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">d</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **d**
|
||||
- dog <span class="pho alt">dɑːɡ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/dog-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/dog-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- deed <span class="pho alt">diːd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/deed-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/deed-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- need <span class="pho alt">niːd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/need-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/need-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **dd**
|
||||
- add <span class="pho alt">æd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/add-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/add-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- riddle <span class="pho alt">ˈrɪd.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/riddle-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/riddle-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- sudden <span class="pho alt">ˈsʌd.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sudden-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sudden-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -18,4 +18,42 @@ Moreover, much like the <span class="pho">t/d</span> sounds, <span class="pho">k
|
||||
<span class="pho">g</span>。比如，*look out*<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/lookout-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/lookout-us-female.mp3"></span>，*seek out*<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/seekout-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/seekout-us-female.mp3"></span>，*woke up*<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/wokeup-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/wokeup-us-female.mp3"></span>。
|
||||
|
||||
Also, when a <span class="pho">k</span> comes between two vowels, it can undergo a similar voicing change as a <span class="pho">t</span> between two vowels, making it sound closer to a <span class="pho">g</span>. For example, in *look out*<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/lookout-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/lookout-us-female.mp3"></span> and *seek out*<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/seekout-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/seekout-us-female.mp3"></span>, *woke up*<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/wokeup-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/wokeup-us-female.mp3"></span>.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">k</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **k**
|
||||
- kid <span class="pho alt">kɪd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/kid-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/kid-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- like <span class="pho alt">laɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/like-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/like-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- skin <span class="pho alt">skɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/skin-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/skin-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **c**
|
||||
- climb <span class="pho alt">klaɪm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/climb-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/climb-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- cream <span class="pho alt">kriːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/cream-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/cream-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- cry <span class="pho alt">kraɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/cry-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/cry-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ch**
|
||||
- ache <span class="pho alt">eɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/ache-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/ache-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- chemistry <span class="pho alt">ˈkem.ə.stri</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/chemistry-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/chemistry-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- school <span class="pho alt">skuːl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/school-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/school-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ck**
|
||||
- brick <span class="pho alt">brɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/brick-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/brick-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- click <span class="pho alt">klɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/click-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/click-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- kick <span class="pho alt">kɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/kick-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/kick-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">g</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **g**
|
||||
- get <span class="pho alt">ɡet</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/get-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/get-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- go <span class="pho alt">ɡoʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/go-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/go-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- logo <span class="pho alt">ˈloʊɡoʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/logo-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/logo-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **gg**
|
||||
- beggar<span class="pho alt">ˈbeɡ.ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/beggar-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/egg-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- egg <span class="pho alt">eɡ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/egg-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/egg-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- waggle <span class="pho alt">ˈwæɡ.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/waggle-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/waggle-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **gh**
|
||||
- ghost <span class="pho alt">ɡoʊst</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/ghost-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/ghost-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- ghetto <span class="pho alt">ˈɡet̬.oʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/ghetto-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/ghetto-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **gu**
|
||||
- guard <span class="pho alt">ɡɑːrd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/guard-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/guard-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- guide <span class="pho alt">ɡaɪd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/guide-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/guide-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- guitar <span class="pho alt">ɡɪˈtɑːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/guitar-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/guitar-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -16,4 +16,28 @@ Some dialects in southern China also lack the <span class="pho">f</span> sound,
|
||||
|
||||
另外需要注意的是，与 <span class="pho">p/b</span>、<span class="pho">t/d</span>、<span class="pho">k/g</span> 不一样，<span class="pho">f/v</span> 在发声的时候**不带**任何轻微的元音音色。
|
||||
|
||||
Another thing to note is that, unlike <span class="pho">p/b</span>, <span class="pho">t/d</span>, and <span class="pho">k/g</span>, <span class="pho">f/v</span> are pronounced *without* any slight vowel qualities.
|
||||
Another thing to note is that, unlike <span class="pho">p/b</span>, <span class="pho">t/d</span>, and <span class="pho">k/g</span>, <span class="pho">f/v</span> are pronounced *without* any slight vowel qualities.
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">f</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **f**
|
||||
- fight <span class="pho alt">faɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/fight-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/fight-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- life <span class="pho alt">laɪf</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/life-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/life-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- wife <span class="pho alt">waɪf</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/wife-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/wife-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ph**
|
||||
- photo <span class="pho alt">ˈfoʊ.t̬oʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/photo-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/photo-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- coffee <span class="pho alt">ˈkɑː.fi</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/coffee-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/coffee-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- elephant <span class="pho alt">ˈel.ə.fənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/elephant-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/elephant-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">v</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **v**
|
||||
- live <span class="pho alt">lɪv</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/live-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/live-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- vector <span class="pho alt">ˈvek.tɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/vector-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/vector-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- vine <span class="pho alt">vaɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/vine-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/vine-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **vv**
|
||||
- chivvy <span class="pho alt">ˈtʃɪv.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/chivvy-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/chivvy-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- divvy <span class="pho alt">ˈdɪv.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/divvy-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/divvy-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -22,3 +22,42 @@ Also, it's important to note that, following an <span class="pho">s</span> that
|
||||
另外，英文的辅音并没有长短区分 —— 有些语言的辅音是有长短区分的，虽然亚洲语言基本都没有这种差别。然而，英文的 <span class="pho">f/v</span>、<span class="pho">s/z</span>、<span class="pho">ʃ</span> 以及 <span class="pho">ts</span> 是可以拉长的，尤其是 <span class="pho">s</span> 和 <span class="pho">ts</span>。
|
||||
|
||||
In addition, in English, there's no differentiation between long and short consonant sounds. This is a feature found in some languages but is generally not present in Asian languages. However, in English, the sounds of <span class="pho">f/v</span>, <span class="pho">s/z</span>, <span class="pho">ʃ</span>, and <span class="pho">ts</span> can be lengthened, especially <span class="pho">s</span> and <span class="pho">ts</span>.
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">s</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **c**
|
||||
- ceiling <span class="pho alt">ˈsiː.lɪŋ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/ceiling-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/ceiling-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- cedar <span class="pho alt">ˈsiː.dɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/cedar-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/cedar-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- concede <span class="pho alt">kənˈsiːd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/concede-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/concede-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **s**
|
||||
- see <span class="pho alt">siː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/see-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/see-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- sea <span class="pho alt">siː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sea-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sea-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- sick <span class="pho alt">sɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sick-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sick-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ss**
|
||||
- boss <span class="pho alt">bɑːs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/boss-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/boss-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- class <span class="pho alt">klæs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/class-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/class-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- stress <span class="pho alt">stres</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/stress-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/stress-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **sc**
|
||||
- scene <span class="pho alt">siːn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/scene-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/scene-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- science <span class="pho alt">ˈsaɪ.əns</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/science-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/science-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- sceptic <span class="pho alt">ˈskep.tɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sceptic-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sceptic-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">z</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **z**
|
||||
- zone <span class="pho alt">zoʊn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/zone-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/zone-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- zebra <span class="pho alt">ˈziː.brə</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/zebra-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/zebra-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **zz**
|
||||
- buzz <span class="pho alt">bʌz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/buzz-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/buzz-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- jazz <span class="pho alt">dʒæz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/jazz-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/jazz-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- puzzle <span class="pho alt">ˈpʌz.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/puzzle-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/puzzle-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **s**
|
||||
- present <span class="pho alt">ˈprez.ənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/present-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/present-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- raise <span class="pho alt">reɪz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/raise-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/raise-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- rose <span class="pho alt">roʊz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/rose-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/rose-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **s** (forming plurals after vowels or voiced consonants)
|
||||
- cars <span class="pho alt">kɑːrz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/cars-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/cars-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- trees <span class="pho alt">ˈtriːz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/trees-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/trees-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- brains <span class="pho alt">breɪnz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/brains-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/brains-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -22,4 +22,20 @@ However, within the flow of natural speech, many instances of the <span class="p
|
||||
When you first start practicing, you can use the sounds of <span class="pho">s/z</span> as guides to help:
|
||||
|
||||
>* Begin by making the <span class="pho">s</span> sound. Then, gently push the tip of your tongue forward until it touches your teeth. After this, produce the sound in the same way as <span class="pho">s</span>, and you should hear the <span class="pho">θ</span>. Practice this with words like *sink* <span class="pho alt">sɪŋk</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sink-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sink-us-female.mp3"></span> and *think* <span class="pho alt">θɪŋk</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/think-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/think-us-female.mp3"></span>...
|
||||
>* Start with the <span class="pho">z</span> sound. Again, push the tip of your tongue forward until it contacts your teeth. Create the sound as you would with <span class="pho">z</span>, and you should notice the <span class="pho">ð</span>. Try this with words such as *zed* <span class="pho alt">zed</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/zed-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/zed-us-female.mp3"></span> and *that* <span class="pho alt">ðæt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/that-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/that-us-female.mp3"></span>...
|
||||
>* Start with the <span class="pho">z</span> sound. Again, push the tip of your tongue forward until it contacts your teeth. Create the sound as you would with <span class="pho">z</span>, and you should notice the <span class="pho">ð</span>. Try this with words such as *zed* <span class="pho alt">zed</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/zed-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/zed-us-female.mp3"></span> and *that* <span class="pho alt">ðæt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/that-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/that-us-female.mp3"></span>...
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">θ</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **th**
|
||||
- think <span class="pho alt">θɪŋk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/think-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/think-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- bath <span class="pho alt">bæθ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bath-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bath-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- wealth <span class="pho alt">welθ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/wealth-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/wealth-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">ð</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **th**
|
||||
- this <span class="pho alt">ðɪs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/this-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/this-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- then <span class="pho alt">ðen</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/then-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/then-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- with <span class="pho alt">wɪð</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/with-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/with-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -33,4 +33,36 @@ Chinese students tend to instinctively substitute <span class="pho">ʒ</span> wi
|
||||
|
||||
少数人知道 <span class="pho">dʒ</span> 替代 <span class="pho">ʒ</span> 不是一回事，但，由于舌尖起始位置并不准确，所以他们说出来的 <span class="pho">ʒ</span> 听起来更接近 <span class="pho">r</span> —— 舌尖缩得过头了 —— <span class="pho">r</span> ④ 发声时起始的舌尖位置相对于 <span class="pho">ʒ</span> ③ 要更靠后一点。
|
||||
|
||||
A few understand that substituting <span class="pho">dʒ</span> for <span class="pho">ʒ</span> isn't accurate. However, because their tongue tip positioning isn't precise, their <span class="pho">ʒ</span> sound often ends up sounding more like <span class="pho">r</span> - they retract their tongue tip too far - <span class="pho">r</span> ④ is pronounced with the tongue tip further back compared to <span class="pho">ʒ</span> ③ .
|
||||
A few understand that substituting <span class="pho">dʒ</span> for <span class="pho">ʒ</span> isn't accurate. However, because their tongue tip positioning isn't precise, their <span class="pho">ʒ</span> sound often ends up sounding more like <span class="pho">r</span> - they retract their tongue tip too far - <span class="pho">r</span> ④ is pronounced with the tongue tip further back compared to <span class="pho">ʒ</span> ③ .
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">ʃ</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **s**
|
||||
- sugar <span class="pho alt">ˈʃʊɡ.ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sugar-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sugar-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- sure <span class="pho alt">ʃʊr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sure-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sure-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ch**
|
||||
- chef <span class="pho alt">ʃef</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/chef-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/chef-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- machine <span class="pho alt">məˈʃiːn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/machine-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/machine-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **sh**
|
||||
- finish <span class="pho alt">ˈfɪn.ɪʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/finish-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/finish-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- sheep <span class="pho alt">ʃiːp</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sheep-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sheep-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **ss**
|
||||
- discussion <span class="pho alt">dɪˈskʌʃ.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/discussion-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/discussion-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- mission <span class="pho alt">ˈmɪʃ.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/mission-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/mission-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- pressure <span class="pho alt">ˈpreʃ.ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pressure-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pressure-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">ʒ</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **g**
|
||||
- genre <span class="pho alt">ˈʒɑːn.rə</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/genre-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/genre-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- garage <span class="pho alt">ɡəˈrɑːʒ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/garage-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/garage-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **s**
|
||||
- measure <span class="pho alt">ˈmeʒ.ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/measure-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/measure-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- leisure <span class="pho alt">ˈliː.ʒɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/leisure-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/leisure-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- decision <span class="pho alt">dɪˈsɪʒ.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/decision-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/decision-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- fusion <span class="pho alt">ˈfjuː.ʒən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/fusion-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/fusion-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* **z**
|
||||
- azure <span class="pho alt">ˈæʒ.ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/azure-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/azure-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -17,3 +17,12 @@ For more examples:
|
||||
* He helped her with the project. <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sentence-helped-her-alloy.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sentence-helped-her-nova.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* His house is over there. <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sentence-house-is-alloy.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sentence-house-is-nova.mp3"></span>
|
||||
* He's holding the door. <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sentence-holding-the-alloy.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sentence-holding-the-nova.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
## 拼写（Spellings）
|
||||
|
||||
### <span class="pho">h</span>
|
||||
|
||||
* **h**
|
||||
- hello <span class="pho alt">heˈloʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/hello-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/hello-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- heat <span class="pho alt">hiːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/heat-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/heat-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
- high <span class="pho alt">haɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/high-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/high-us-female.mp3"></span>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ Here are some universal features of all languages around the world:
|
||||
|
||||
元音之于音节，正如细胞核之于细胞。
|
||||
|
||||
A *vowel* is to a syllyble, just as a *nucleus* to a cell.
|
||||
A *vowel* is to a syllyble, just as a *nucleus* to a cell.
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user