# 2.2.8. ʃ/ʒ
ʃ 对很多人来说也许难度并不大，然而，ʒ 却可能非常难。再一次，关键在于发声时舌尖的起始位置 —— 即，位置 ③（参见 [1.4](1.4-articulators)）
The pronunciation of ʃ may not pose much of a challenge for many people, yet ʒ can be extremely tough. Once again, the key lies in the initial position of the tongue tip when making the sound, i.e. position ③ (as described in [1.4](1.4-articulators)).
比较一下以下的辅音：
Let's compare following consonants:
> * t/d 的舌尖起始位置时贴在龈脊的前部 ③；
> * For t/d, the tongue tip begins at the front part of *alveolar ridge* ③;
> * s/z 要相对于 t/d 往前一些，贴近但没有接触到牙齿和牙龈的接缝处 ②；
> * For s/z, it's closer to the front compared to t/d, near but not touching the *seam* between the teeth and gums ②;
> * θ/ð 要相对于 s/z再往前一些，贴在牙齿上，或者伸出牙齿一点点 ①；
> * For θ/ð, it's even more forward than s/z, resting on the *teeth*, or protruding a bit ①;
> * ʃ/ʒ 和 t/d 一样，贴近但没有接触到龈脊的那个部位 ③；
> * For ʃ/ʒ, it's almost same as t/d, near but not touching the part of the *alveolar ridge* ③;
> * r 相对于 ʃ/ʒ 还要再往后一点，贴在龈脊的那个部位 ④……
> * For r, it's further back than ʃ/ʒ, touching the part of the *alveolar ridge* ④...
除了英语之外，大多语言里没有 ʒ 这个辅音。即便是在英语里，含有这个辅音的词汇也很少，常见的不过几十个而已。
Apart from English, most languages do not have the ʒ consonant. Even in English, there are only a handful of words that contain this sound.
中国学生会不由自主地用 dʒ 替代 ʒ —— 因为 dʒ 是一个他们熟悉的辅音，相当于中文拼音中的 zh。ʒ 和 dʒ 的区别在于，ʒ 发声时舌尖贴近但没有接触到龈脊；而 dʒ 发声时起始的舌尖贴在龈脊（与 ʒ 同一个位置 ③）。
Chinese students tend to instinctively substitute ʒ with dʒ - a consonant they're familiar with, equivalent to the zh in Chinese Pinyin. The difference between ʒ and dʒ is that, when pronouncing ʒ, the tip of the tongue is close to but not touching the the *alveolar ridge* while for dʒ, the tongue tip starts at the the *alveolar ridge* (same position as ʒ ③).
少数人知道 dʒ 替代 ʒ 不是一回事，但，由于舌尖起始位置并不准确，所以他们说出来的 ʒ 听起来更接近 r —— 舌尖缩得过头了 —— r ④ 发声时起始的舌尖位置相对于 ʒ ③ 要更靠后一点。
A few understand that substituting dʒ for ʒ isn't accurate. However, because their tongue tip positioning isn't precise, their ʒ sound often ends up sounding more like r - they retract their tongue tip too far - r ④ is pronounced with the tongue tip further back compared to ʒ ③ .
## 拼写（Spellings）
### ʃ
* **s**
* sugar ˈʃʊɡ.ɚ
* sure ʃʊr
* **ch**
* chef ʃef
* machine məˈʃiːn
* **sh**
* finish ˈfɪn.ɪʃ
* sheep ʃiːp
* **ss**
* discussion dɪˈskʌʃ.ən
* mission ˈmɪʃ.ən
* pressure ˈpreʃ.ɚ
### ʒ
* **g**
* genre ˈʒɑːn.rə
* garage ɡəˈrɑːʒ
* **s**
* measure ˈmeʒ.ɚ
* leisure ˈliː.ʒɚ
* decision dɪˈsɪʒ.ən
* fusion ˈfjuː.ʒən
* **z**
* azure ˈæʒ.ɚ