# 1.2 英文字母

英语总计使用 26 个**字母**（*letters*），各有大小写之分。在欧洲语言之中，英语是罕见的不使用**修饰符**（*diacritics*）的文字 —— 所谓修饰符，指的是字母上附加的标记，用以区分发音或者意义，比如，*â*、*é*、*ç*，等等。

北约（NATO）有一套指称英文字母的系统，用以在仅有语音交流的情况下避免歧义 —— 在军事、航空、紧急救助、无线电或者电话沟通等诸多场合中具备不可或缺的作用。

| Letter    | Pronunciation                                                                                                                                      | NATO Phonetic Alphabet                                                                                                                                                      |
| --------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **A** *a* | <span class="pho alt">eɪ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/a-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/a-us-female.mp3"></span>          | *Alpha*    <span class="pho alt">ˈælfə</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Alpha-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Alpha-us-female.mp3"></span>            |
| **B** *b* | <span class="pho alt">biː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/b-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/b-us-female.mp3"></span>         | *Bravo*    <span class="pho alt">ˈbrɑːvoʊ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Bravo-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Bravo-us-female.mp3"></span>         |
| **C** *c* | <span class="pho alt">siː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/c-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/c-us-female.mp3"></span>         | *Charlie*  <span class="pho alt">ˈtʃɑːrli</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Charlie-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Charlie-us-female.mp3"></span>    |
| **D** *d* | <span class="pho alt">diː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/d-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/d-us-female.mp3"></span>         | *Delta*    <span class="pho alt">ˈdeltə</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Delta-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Delta-us-female.mp3"></span>           |
| **E** *e* | <span class="pho alt">iː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/e-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/e-us-female.mp3"></span>          | *Echo*     <span class="pho alt">ˈekoʊ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Echo-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Echo-us-female.mp3"></span>              |
| **F** *f* | <span class="pho alt">ef</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/f-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/f-us-female.mp3"></span>          | *Foxtrot*  <span class="pho alt">ˈfɔːkstrɒt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Foxtrot-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Foxtrot-us-female.mp3"></span>   |
| **G** *g* | <span class="pho alt">dʒiː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/g-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/g-us-female.mp3"></span>        | *Golf*     <span class="pho alt">ɡɑːf</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Golf-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Golf-us-female.mp3"></span>                |
| **H** *h* | <span class="pho alt">eɪtʃ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/h-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/h-us-female.mp3"></span>        | *Hotel*    <span class="pho alt">hoʊˈtel</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Hotel-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Hotel-us-female.mp3"></span>           |
| **I** *i* | <span class="pho alt">aɪ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/i-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/i-us-female.mp3"></span>          | *India*    <span class="pho alt">ˈɪndiə</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/India-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/India-us-female.mp3"></span>          |
| **J** *j* | <span class="pho alt">dʒeɪ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/j-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/j-us-female.mp3"></span>        | *Juliet*   <span class="pho alt">ˈdʒuːliət, ˈdʒuːliˌet</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Juliet-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Juliet-us-female.mp3"></span>     |
| **K** *k* | <span class="pho alt">keɪ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/k-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/k-us-female.mp3"></span>         | *Kilo*     <span class="pho alt">ˈkiːloʊ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Kilo-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Kilo-us-female.mp3"></span>            |
| **L** *l* | <span class="pho alt">el</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/l-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/l-us-female.mp3"></span>          | *Lima*     <span class="pho alt">ˈliːmə</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Lima-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Lima-us-female.mp3"></span>             |
| **M** *m* | <span class="pho alt">em</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/m-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/m-us-female.mp3"></span>          | *Mike*     <span class="pho alt">maɪk</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Mike-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Mike-us-female.mp3"></span>                |
| **N** *n* | <span class="pho alt">en</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/n-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/n-us-female.mp3"></span>          | *November* <span class="pho alt">noʊˈvembɚ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/November-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/November-us-female.mp3"></span> |
| **O** *o* | <span class="pho alt">oʊ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/o-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/o-us-female.mp3"></span>          | *Oscar*    <span class="pho alt">ˈɑːskɑːr</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Oscar-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Oscar-us-female.mp3"></span>         |
| **P** *p* | <span class="pho alt">piː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/p-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/p-us-female.mp3"></span>         | *Papa*     <span class="pho alt">ˈpɑːpɑ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Papa-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Papa-us-female.mp3"></span>              |
| **Q** *q* | <span class="pho alt">kjuː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/q-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/q-us-female.mp3"></span>        | *Quebec*   <span class="pho alt">kwəˈbek</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Quebec-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Quebec-us-female.mp3"></span>          |
| **R** *r* | <span class="pho alt">ɑːr</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/r-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/r-us-female.mp3"></span>         | *Romeo*    <span class="pho alt">ˈroʊmioʊ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Romeo-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Romeo-us-female.mp3"></span>       |
| **S** *s* | <span class="pho alt">es</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/s-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/s-us-female.mp3"></span>          | *Sierra*   <span class="pho alt">siˈerə</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Sierra-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Sierra-us-female.mp3"></span>         |
| **T** *t* | <span class="pho alt">tiː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/t-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/t-us-female.mp3"></span>         | *Tango*    <span class="pho alt">ˈtæŋɡoʊ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Tango-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Tango-us-female.mp3"></span>          |
| **U** *u* | <span class="pho alt">juː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/u-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/u-us-female.mp3"></span>         | *Uniform*  <span class="pho alt">ˈjuːnəfɔːrm</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Uniform-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Uniform-us-female.mp3"></span> |
| **V** *v* | <span class="pho alt">viː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/v-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/v-us-female.mp3"></span>         | *Victor*   <span class="pho alt">ˈvɪktɚ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Victor-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Victor-us-female.mp3"></span>        |
| **W** *w* | <span class="pho alt">ˈdʌbᵊljuː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/w-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/w-us-female.mp3"></span> | *Whiskey*  <span class="pho alt">ˈwɪskiː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Whiskey-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Whiskey-us-female.mp3"></span>      |
| **X** *x* | <span class="pho alt">eks</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/x-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/x-us-female.mp3"></span>         | *X-ray*    <span class="pho alt">ˈeks.reɪ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/X-ray-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/X-ray-us-female.mp3"></span>          |
| **Y** *y* | <span class="pho alt">waɪ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/y-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/y-us-female.mp3"></span>         | *Yankee*   <span class="pho alt">ˈjæŋkiː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Yankee-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Yankee-us-female.mp3"></span>        |
| **Z** *z* | <span class="pho alt">ziː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/z-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/z-us-female.mp3"></span>         | *Zulu*     <span class="pho alt">ˈzuːluː</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Zulu-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Zulu-us-female.mp3"></span>            |

在英式英语中，*z* 被读作 <span class="pho alt">zed</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-female="/audios/zed-uk-female.mp3"></span>。

> [!Note]
>
> * 合成语音文件使用的是 OpenAI 的 TTS (Text-to-Speech) 和微软的 Edge's TTS。蓝色喇叭图标<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/Alpha-us-male.mp3"></span>是男性语音，红色喇叭图标<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-female="/audios/Alpha-us-female.mp3"></span>是女性语音。