# 4.3.3. 常见词根（Common Roots）


1. **aqua** (water)
   - aquarium <span class="pho alt">əˈkwer.i.əm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/aquarium-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/aquarium-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - aquatic <span class="pho alt">əˈkwæt̬.ɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/aquatic-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/aquatic-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - aqueduct <span class="pho alt">ˈæk.wə.dʌkt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/aqueduct-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/aqueduct-us-female.mp3"></span>

2. **aud** (hear)
   - audience <span class="pho alt">ˈɑː.di.əns</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/audience-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/audience-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - audio <span class="pho alt">ˈɑː.di.oʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/audio-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/audio-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - audition <span class="pho alt">ɑːˈdɪʃ.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/audition-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/audition-us-female.mp3"></span>

3. **bene** (good, well)
   - benefit <span class="pho alt">ˈben.ə.fɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/benefit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/benefit-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - benevolent <span class="pho alt">bəˈnev.əl.ənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/benevolent-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/benevolent-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - benefactor <span class="pho alt">ˈben.ə.fæk.tɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/benefactor-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/benefactor-us-female.mp3"></span>

4. **cent** (hundred)
   - century <span class="pho alt">ˈsen.tʃər.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/century-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/century-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - percent <span class="pho alt">pɚˈsent</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/percent-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/percent-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - centennial <span class="pho alt">senˈten.i.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/centennial-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/centennial-us-female.mp3"></span>

5. **dict** (say, speak)
   - dictionary <span class="pho alt">ˈdɪk.ʃən.er.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/dictionary-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/dictionary-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - predict <span class="pho alt">prɪˈdɪkt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/predict-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/predict-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - dictate <span class="pho alt">ˈdɪk.teɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/dictate-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/dictate-us-female.mp3"></span>

6. **duc** (lead)
   - conduct <span class="pho alt">kənˈdʌkt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/conduct-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/conduct-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - produce <span class="pho alt">prəˈduːs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/produce-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/produce-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - reduce <span class="pho alt">rɪˈduːs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/reduce-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/reduce-us-female.mp3"></span>

7. **fract** (break)
   - fracture <span class="pho alt">ˈfræk.tʃɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/fracture-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/fracture-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - fraction <span class="pho alt">ˈfræk.ʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/fraction-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/fraction-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - infraction <span class="pho alt">ɪnˈfræk.ʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/infraction-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/infraction-us-female.mp3"></span>

8. **ject** (throw)
   - project <span class="pho alt">ˈprɑː.dʒekt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/project-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/project-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - inject <span class="pho alt">ɪnˈdʒekt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/inject-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/inject-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - reject <span class="pho alt">rɪˈdʒekt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/reject-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/reject-us-female.mp3"></span>

9. **jud** (judge)
   - judicial <span class="pho alt">dʒuːˈdɪʃ.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/judicial-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/judicial-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - prejudice <span class="pho alt">ˈpredʒ.ə.dɪs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/prejudice-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/prejudice-us-female.mp3"></span>
   - judgment <span class="pho alt">ˈdʒʌdʒ.mənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/judgment-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/judgment-us-female.mp3"></span>

10. **mal** (bad, ill)
    - malnutrition <span class="pho alt">ˌmæl.nuːˈtrɪʃ.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/malnutrition-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/malnutrition-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - malicious <span class="pho alt">məˈlɪʃ.əs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/malicious-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/malicious-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - malfunction <span class="pho alt">ˌmælˈfʌŋk.ʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/malfunction-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/malfunction-us-female.mp3"></span>

11. **mater** (mother)
    - maternal <span class="pho alt">məˈtɝː.nəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/maternal-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/maternal-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - maternity <span class="pho alt">məˈtɝː.nə.t̬i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/maternity-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/maternity-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - matriarch <span class="pho alt">ˈmeɪ.tri.ɑːrk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/matriarch-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/matriarch-us-female.mp3"></span>

12. **mit** (send)
    - transmit <span class="pho alt">trænsˈmɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/transmit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/transmit-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - admit <span class="pho alt">ədˈmɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/admit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/admit-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - submit <span class="pho alt">səbˈmɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/submit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/submit-us-female.mp3"></span>

13. **mort** (death)
    - mortal <span class="pho alt">ˈmɔːr.t̬əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/mortal-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/mortal-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - mortician <span class="pho alt">mɔːrˈtɪʃ.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/mortician-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/mortician-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - mortify <span class="pho alt">ˈmɔːr.t̬ə.faɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/mortify-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/mortify-us-female.mp3"></span>

14. **multi** (many)
    - multiple <span class="pho alt">ˈmʌl.tə.pəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/multiple-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/multiple-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - multiply <span class="pho alt">ˈmʌl.tə.plaɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/multiply-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/multiply-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - multinational <span class="pho alt">ˌmʌl.t̬iˈnæʃ.ən.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/multinational-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/multinational-us-female.mp3"></span>

15. **pend** (hang, weigh)
    - pendant <span class="pho alt">ˈpen.dənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pendant-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pendant-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - suspend <span class="pho alt">səˈspend</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/suspend-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/suspend-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - depend <span class="pho alt">dɪˈpend</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/depend-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/depend-us-female.mp3"></span>

16. **port** (carry)
    - transport <span class="pho alt">ˈtræn.spɔːrt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/transport-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/transport-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - export <span class="pho alt">ˈek.spɔːrt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/export-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/export-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - import <span class="pho alt">ˈɪm.pɔːrt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/import-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/import-us-female.mp3"></span>

17. **scrib/script** (write)
    - describe <span class="pho alt">dɪˈskraɪb</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/describe-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/describe-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - manuscript <span class="pho alt">ˈmæn.jə.skrɪpt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/manuscript-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/manuscript-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - subscription <span class="pho alt">səbˈskrɪp.ʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/subscription-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/subscription-us-female.mp3"></span>

18. **sect/sec** (cut)
    - section <span class="pho alt">ˈsek.ʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/section-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/section-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - dissect <span class="pho alt">daɪˈsekt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/dissect-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/dissect-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - intersect <span class="pho alt">ˌɪn.t̬ɚˈsekt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/intersect-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/intersect-us-female.mp3"></span>

19. **sent/sens** (feel)
    - sensation <span class="pho alt">senˈseɪ.ʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sensation-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sensation-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - sensitive <span class="pho alt">ˈsen.sə.t̬ɪv</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sensitive-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sensitive-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - consent <span class="pho alt">kənˈsent</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/consent-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/consent-us-female.mp3"></span>

20. **spec/spect** (look)
    - inspect <span class="pho alt">ɪnˈspekt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/inspect-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/inspect-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - spectator <span class="pho alt">spekˈteɪ.t̬ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/spectator-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/spectator-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - spectacle <span class="pho alt">ˈspek.tə.kəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/spectacle-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/spectacle-us-female.mp3"></span>

21. **struct** (build)
    - construct <span class="pho alt">kənˈstrʌkt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/construct-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/construct-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - structure <span class="pho alt">ˈstrʌk.tʃɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/structure-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/structure-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - destruct <span class="pho alt">ˌself.dɪˈstrʌkt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/destruct-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/destruct-us-female.mp3"></span>

22. **tele** (far)
    - telephone <span class="pho alt">ˈtel.ə.foʊn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/telephone-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/telephone-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - television <span class="pho alt">ˈtel.ə.vɪʒ.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/television-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/television-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - telegraph <span class="pho alt">ˈtel.ə.ɡræf</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/telegraph-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/telegraph-us-female.mp3"></span>

23. **terra** (earth)
    - terrestrial <span class="pho alt">təˈres.tri.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/terrestrial-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/terrestrial-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - territory <span class="pho alt">ˈter.ə.tɔːr.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/territory-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/territory-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - terrain <span class="pho alt">təˈreɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/terrain-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/terrain-us-female.mp3"></span>

24. **vac** (empty)
    - vacant <span class="pho alt">ˈveɪ.kənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/vacant-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/vacant-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - vacuum <span class="pho alt">ˈvæk.juːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/vacuum-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/vacuum-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - evacuate <span class="pho alt">ɪˈvæk.ju.eɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/evacuate-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/evacuate-us-female.mp3"></span>

25. **vid/vis** (see)
    - video <span class="pho alt">ˈvɪd.i.oʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/video-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/video-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - vision <span class="pho alt">ˈvɪʒ.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/vision-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/vision-us-female.mp3"></span>
    - invisible <span class="pho alt">ɪnˈvɪz.ə.bəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/invisible-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/invisible-us-female.mp3"></span>