Add TypeScript examples for chapters 10 and 11 (#311)

10_greedy_algorithms/ts/01_set_covering.ts

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+// You pass an array in, and it gets converted to a set.
+let statesNeeded: Set<string> = new Set(["mt", "wa", "or", "id", "nv", "ut", "ca", "az"]);
+
+const stations: Record<string, Set<string>> = {};
+stations["kone"] = new Set(["id", "nv", "ut"]);
+stations["ktwo"] = new Set(["wa", "id", "mt"]);
+stations["kthree"] = new Set(["or", "nv", "ca"]);
+stations["kfour"] = new Set(["nv", "ut"]);
+stations["kfive"] = new Set(["ca", "az"]);
+
+const finalStations: Set<string> = new Set();
+
+while (statesNeeded.size) {
+  let bestStation: string | null = null;
+  let statesCovered: Set<string> = new Set();
+
+  for (let station in stations) {
+    const states = stations[station];
+    const covered = new Set([...statesNeeded].filter(x => states.has(x)));
+
+    if (covered.size > statesCovered.size) {
+      bestStation = station;
+      statesCovered = covered;
+    }
+  }
+
+  statesNeeded = new Set([...statesNeeded].filter(x => !statesCovered.has(x)));
+
+  if (bestStation !== null) {
+    finalStations.add(bestStation);
+  }
+}
+
+console.log(finalStations); // Set { 'kone', 'ktwo', 'kthree', 'kfive' }

10_greedy_algorithms/ts/tsconfig.json

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+{
+    "compilerOptions": {
+      "lib": [
+        "dom",
+        "es2015", 
+        "es2016",
+        "es2017"
+      ],
+      "target": "es2015" 
+    }
+  }
+