add directory Linux-0.12

Linux-0.12/INSTALL/partition-programs/edpart.doc

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+Edpart.exe is a disk partition editor capable of managing up to four
+partitions on PC/XT and AT hard disks.  It specifically says "no
+copyright", so I figured someone else might like to use it rather than
+doing fdisk/diskfix pairs to create partitions.
+
+There's no instruction file and no real on-line help, so here's a
+summary:
+
+EDPART.EXE maintains up to four hard disk partitions on either of two
+hard drives.  If it sees more than one hard drive, it will ask which
+one to edit.
+
+The commands are:
+
+CREATE	Create hard disk partitions
+DELETE	Delete hard disk partitions
+STATUS	Bootable partitions may have the following status:
+	ACTIVE		This partition is the boot partition
+	READ/WRITE	R/W, not the boot partition
+	Non-bootable partitions (``extensions'') may be any of:
+	READ/WRITE
+	READ-ONLY
+	INACCESSIBLE
+TYPE	There are four types; for Minix purposes, either "extension"
+	type will do to my knowledge.
+	DOS(4) Bootable		For DOS 3.x
+	DOS(4) Extension
+	DOS(1) Bootable		For DOS 2.x
+	DOS(1) Extension
+	The "Bootable" partitions are recognized by MS-DOS directly,
+	so I don't advise using either of them for Minix.

Linux-0.12/INSTALL/partition-programs/pdisk.doc

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+This stuff is mostly self explanatory, but:
+	part takes one optional argument, which is the disk number with
+	which to start (either 0 or 1. 0 is default).
+
+	286pd1.sys and 286pd2.sys are for driving partitions on your first
+	and second disks, respectively.  They will only work on 80186 or higher
+	processors.  For 8086/8088 computers, use pdisk1.sys, pdisk2.sys. They
+	are just a *wee* bit slower....
+
+	fdins is for use when you're short of free space in "low menory" --
+	i.e. free interrupt vectors.  fdintins, on the other hand, doesn't
+	use up any application space memory.  In either case, these programs
+	don't do *anything* directly -- you run them in order to create a
+	.COM program that does the dirty work.  You get TBL1.com, TBL2.com,
+	TBL1INT.com, or TBL2INT.com, depending on whether you run fdins,
+	fdintins and specifiy disk 1 or 2 (== 0 or 1).
+
+	pformat is for when you want to be particularly destructive with your
+	new partition.  You run "pformat <drive>:" where <drive> must be a
+	valid pdisk.  It's good for marking newly developed bad sectors,
+	I guess.  Be careful.
+
+According to tests I ran with the PC Magazine benchmark program, disk access
+to a pdisk is actually faster than the normal DOS driver (i.e. C: or a DOS
+3.3/4.x extended DOS partition).  (This may only be true using the 286 version,
+and may be affected by your usage.  The main point is that you certainly do
+not take a performance *cut* by using my program.)
+
+I am not including most of the COPYING file that comes with stuff from the
+Free Software Foundation (Richard Stallman, et al.) because I don't know
+if I'm allowed, but that's what I intend for this software.  Specifically,
+you can *give* away as many copies of this software as you like.  You can
+charge a *reasonable* handling fee.  You can even incorporate parts of it
+into other projects, as long as you distribute at least the source you got
+from pdisk.  I don't want money or contributions, I want plaudits.  I hope
+this software is helpful to you.
+
+When you find the inevitable bug (there are *none* in the driver, but I
+don't absolutely swear for the partitioning program), please try to
+fix it yourself and let me know the solution.  Failing that, drop me a
+line describing the situation exactly, especially including DOS version and
+all hardware, including fixed disk and controller type.  I don;t promise
+to do anything about it, but I might.
+
+One thing I recommend from experience:  my boot code will only work on some
+IBM compatibles.  It is best to use the manafacturer's (or generic) MSDOS
+fdisk to set up the initial partition, then use "format c: /s" to set up
+your bootable DOS partition.  If you can get this working right with pdisk,
+that would be nice.
+
+have fun.  Scott E. Garfinkle
+			smsdpg!seg@uunet.uu.net
+
+<The following is taken from Project Gnu's AWK distribution, the COPYING
+ File.  I hope I'm not violating their copyright, or anything.
+ >
+
+		       NO WARRANTY
+
+  BECAUSE PDISK IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, WE PROVIDE ABSOLUTELY NO
+WARRANTY, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE STATE LAW.  EXCEPT
+WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING, SCOTT GARFINKLE
+AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE PDISK "AS IS" WITHOUT
+WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND
+PERFORMANCE OF PDISK IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD PDISK PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU
+ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
+
+ IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW WILL  SCOTT GARFINKLE
+AND/OR ANY OTHER PARTY
+WHO MAY MODIFY AND REDISTRIBUTE PDISK AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO
+YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY LOST PROFITS, LOST MONIES, OR OTHER
+SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR
+INABILITY TO USE (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA
+BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY THIRD PARTIES OR A
+FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS) PDISK, EVEN
+IF YOU HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, OR FOR
+ANY CLAIM BY ANY OTHER PARTY.

Linux-0.12/INSTALL/rawrite.c

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+/*
+ rawrite.c	Write a binary image to a 360K diskette.
+		By Mark Becker
+
+ Usage:
+	MS-DOS prompt> RAWRITE
+
+	And follow the prompts.
+
+History
+-------
+
+  1.0	-	Initial release
+  1.1	-	Beta test (fixing bugs)				4/5/91
+  		Some BIOS's don't like full-track writes.
+  1.101	-	Last beta release.				4/8/91
+  		Fixed BIOS full-track write by only
+		writing 3 sectors at a time.
+  1.2	-	Final code and documentation clean-ups.		4/9/91
+*/
+#include <alloc.h>
+#include <bios.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <dir.h>
+#include <dos.h>
+#include <io.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#define FALSE	0
+#define TRUE	(!FALSE)
+
+#define SECTORSIZE	512
+
+#define	RESET	0
+#define	LAST	1
+#define	READ	2
+#define	WRITE	3
+#define	VERIFY	4
+#define	FORMAT	5
+
+int	done;
+
+/*
+ Catch ^C and ^Break.
+*/
+int	handler(void)
+{
+  done = TRUE;
+  return(0);
+}
+void msg(char (*s))
+{
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", s);
+	_exit(1);
+}
+/*
+ Identify the error code with a real error message.
+*/
+void Error(int (status))
+{
+  switch (status) {
+    case 0x00:	msg("Operation Successful");				break;
+    case 0x01:	msg("Bad command");					break;
+    case 0x02:	msg("Address mark not found");				break;
+    case 0x03:	msg("Attempt to write on write-protected disk");	break;
+    case 0x04:	msg("Sector not found");				break;
+    case 0x05:	msg("Reset failed (hard disk)");			break;
+    case 0x06:	msg("Disk changed since last operation");		break;
+    case 0x07:	msg("Drive parameter activity failed");			break;
+    case 0x08:	msg("DMA overrun");					break;
+    case 0x09:	msg("Attempt to DMA across 64K boundary");		break;
+    case 0x0A:	msg("Bad sector detected");				break;
+    case 0x0B:	msg("Bad track detected");				break;
+    case 0x0C:	msg("Unsupported track");				break;
+    case 0x10:	msg("Bad CRC/ECC on disk read");			break;
+    case 0x11:	msg("CRC/ECC corrected data error");			break;
+    case 0x20:	msg("Controller has failed");				break;
+    case 0x40:	msg("Seek operation failed");				break;
+    case 0x80:	msg("Attachment failed to respond");			break;
+    case 0xAA:	msg("Drive not ready (hard disk only");			break;
+    case 0xBB:	msg("Undefined error occurred (hard disk only)");	break;
+    case 0xCC:	msg("Write fault occurred");				break;
+    case 0xE0:	msg("Status error");					break;
+    case 0xFF:	msg("Sense operation failed");				break;
+  }
+  _exit(1);
+}
+
+/*
+ Identify what kind of diskette is installed in the specified drive.
+ Return the number of sectors per track assumed as follows:
+ 9	-	360 K and 720 K 5.25".
+15	-	1.2 M HD	5.25".
+18	-	1.44 M		3.5".
+*/
+int nsects(int (drive))
+{
+  static	int	nsect[] = {18, 15, 9};
+
+  char	*buffer;
+  int	i, status;
+/*
+ Read sector 1, head 0, track 0 to get the BIOS running.
+*/
+  buffer = (char *)malloc(SECTORSIZE);
+  biosdisk(RESET, drive, 0, 0, 0, 0, buffer);
+  status = biosdisk(READ, drive, 0, 10, 1, 1, buffer);
+  if (status == 0x06)			/* Door signal change?	*/
+  status = biosdisk(READ, drive, 0, 0, 1, 1, buffer);
+
+  for (i=0; i < sizeof(nsect)/sizeof(int); ++i) {
+    biosdisk(RESET, drive, 0, 0, 0, 0, buffer);
+    status = biosdisk(READ, drive, 0, 0, nsect[i], 1, buffer);
+    if (status == 0x06)
+      status = biosdisk(READ, drive, 0, 0, nsect[i], 1, buffer);
+      if (status == 0x00) break;
+    }
+    if (i == sizeof(nsect)/sizeof(int)) {
+      msg("Can't figure out how many sectors/track for this diskette.");
+    }
+    free(buffer);
+    return(nsect[i]);
+}
+
+void main(void)
+{
+  char	 fname[MAXPATH];
+  char	*buffer, *pbuf;
+  int	 count, fdin, drive, head, track, status, spt, buflength, ns;
+
+  puts("RaWrite 1.2 - Write disk file to raw floppy diskette\n");
+  ctrlbrk(handler);
+  printf("Enter source file name: ");
+  scanf("%s", fname);
+  _fmode = O_BINARY;
+  if ((fdin = open(fname, O_RDONLY)) <= 0) {
+     perror(fname);
+     exit(1);
+  }
+
+  printf("Enter destination drive: ");
+  scanf("%s", fname);
+  drive = fname[0];
+  drive = (islower(drive) ? toupper(drive) : drive) - 'A';
+  printf("Please insert a formatted diskette into ");
+  printf("drive %c: and press -ENTER- :", drive + 'A');
+  while (bioskey(1) == 0) ;				/* Wait...	*/
+  if ((bioskey(0) & 0x7F) == 3) exit(1);		/* Check for ^C	*/
+  putchar('\n');
+  done = FALSE;
+/*
+ * Determine number of sectors per track and allocate buffers.
+ */
+  spt = nsects(drive);
+  buflength = spt * SECTORSIZE;
+  buffer = (char *)malloc(buflength);
+  printf("Number of sectors per track for this disk is %d\n", spt);
+  printf("Writing image to drive %c:.  Press ^C to abort.\n", drive+'A');
+/*
+ * Start writing data to diskette until there is no more data to write.
+ */
+   head = track = 0;
+   while ((count = read(fdin, buffer, buflength)) > 0 && !done) {
+     pbuf = buffer;
+     for (ns = 1; count > 0 && !done; ns+=3) {
+       printf("Track: %02d  Head: %2d Sector: %2d\r", track, head, ns);
+       status = biosdisk(WRITE, drive, head, track, ns, 3, pbuf);
+
+       if (status != 0) Error(status);
+
+       count -= (3*SECTORSIZE);
+       pbuf  += (3*SECTORSIZE);
+     }
+     if ((head = (head + 1) & 1) == 0) ++track;
+   }
+   if (eof(fdin)) {
+     printf("\nDone.\n");
+     biosdisk(2, drive, 0, 0, 1, 1, buffer);		/* Retract head	*/
+   }
+}	/* end main */

Linux-0.12/INSTALL/rawrite.doc

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+RaWrite 1.2
+-----------
+
+Purpose
+-------
+
+Write a disk image file to a 360K floppy disk.
+
+
+Equipment/Software Requirements
+-------------------------------
+
+PC/XT/AT with a floppy disk drive capable of reading and writing a 360K
+diskette.
+
+This program uses generic low-level BIOS diskette read/write functions.  It
+should be portable to nearly every PC in existance.  PS/2's should be able
+to run RawWrite but this has not been tested.
+   
+
+CAVEAT
+------
+
+This program will write ANY disk file to a floppy, overwriting any previous
+information that may have been present.  If you wish to re-use a diskette
+under MS-DOS thats been written to by RawWrite then the disk will need to be
+reformatted; all MS-DOS specific information will have been erased.
+
+
+How to Compile
+--------------
+
+TCC rawrite.c
+
+The source code is specific to Borland International's Turbo C 2.01 and has
+been tested in all memory models.
+
+
+Usage
+-----
+
+C> RAWRITE
+
+And follow the prompts.  All arguments are case-insensitive.
+
+A sample run is shown below.  The disk file being written, in this example,
+is named DEMODISK and the destination - where the image is being written -
+is the B: drive.
+
+This program may be aborted at any time by typing ^C.
+
+
+Sample Run
+----------
+
+C> RAWRITE
+RaWrite 1.2 - Write disk file to raw floppy diskette
+
+Enter source file name: DEMODISK
+Enter destination drive: B
+Please insert a formatted 360K diskette into drive B: and press -ENTER- :
+Writing image to drive B:
+
+
+Errors
+------
+
+RaWrite attempts to determine if the diskette is a 360K, 720K, 1.2M, or
+1.44M diskette by reading specific sectors.  If the inserted diskette is not
+one of the mentioned types, then RaWrite will abort with a short error
+message.
+
+Errors such as write protect, door open, bad disk, bad sector, etc. cause a
+program abort with a short error message.
+
+
+History
+-------
+
+  1.0	-	Initial release
+  1.1	-	Beta test (fixing bugs)				4/5/91
+  		Some BIOS's don't like full-track writes.
+  1.101	-	Last beta release.				4/8/91
+  		Fixed BIOS full-track write by only only
+		writing 3 sectors at a time.
+  1.2	-	Final code and documentation clean-ups.		4/9/91