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Linux-0.98/INSTALL/pfdisk/PFDISK.DOC

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+PFDISK(8)	      MAINTENANCE COMMANDS		PFDISK(8)
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+NAME
+	pfdisk - partition fixed disk
+
+SYNOPSIS
+	pfdisk device
+
+DESCRIPTION
+	pfdisk partitions the fixed disk identified as device  into  (at
+	most) four parts, each of which	may be independently loaded with
+	an operating system.  The actual name of device	depends	 on  the
+	operating  system  in  use.   For ESIX (System V/386) the device
+	name is	either "/dev/rdsk/0s0" or "/dev/rdsk/1s0".   For  Minix,
+	it is "/dev/hd0" or "/dev/hd5".	 For MS-DOS it is a single digit
+	(zero or one).
+
+	pfdisk reads the hard disk partition table from	 block	zero  of
+	device	into  memory  and allows the user to examine, modify, or
+	save the partition table.  A regular file may be used instead of
+	a  real	 device	for testing purposes, though the device	geometry
+	must be	specified manually, and	some  systems  will  requrire  a
+	file-name argument with	the "R"	and "W"	commands (DOS, ESIX).
+
+	The partition table on device is NOT modified unless  the  write
+	command	(W) is used with no argument.
+
+USAGE
+  Commands
+	All pfdisk commands  consist  of  a  command  word  followed  by
+	optional  blank-separated command arguments.  Note that	only the
+	first letter of	a command word is significant (except  for  "wq"
+	and  "q!").  All command letters are accepted in either	upper or
+	lower case.  Numeric arguments are  specified  using  C	 syntax.
+	Extra arguments	are silently ignored.
+
+	The commands are:
+
+	?	Prints a command summary (help).
+
+	1 sys_id first last sys_name
+		Set the	partition  table  entry	 for  part  one,  using:
+		sys_id	as  its	system ID code,	first as the lowest num-
+		bered cylinder it uses,	last  as  the  highest	numbered
+		cylinder  it uses, and sys_name	(optional) as the system
+		name (in the menu name table).
+
+	2|3|4 sys-id first last	sys-name
+		Similar	to 1 but sets partition	 two,  three,  or  four,
+		respectively.
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+Release	1.3	      Last change: Oct 1990			1
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+PFDISK(8)	      MAINTENANCE COMMANDS		PFDISK(8)
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+	A number
+		Mark partition number as active	(so it will be used  for
+		booting).   If	number	is  zero,  no  partition will be
+		active.
+
+	G cylinders heads sectors
+		Inform pfdisk what the geometry	of the device is.
+
+	I	Print a	summary	of the known ID	codes.
+
+	L	List the partition table.  See Output Format below.
+
+	Q	Quit without saving.  If the memory copy of  the  parti-
+		tion  table  was  modified, a warning will be issued and
+		the command ignored.
+
+	Q!	Quit, even if the memory copy of the partition table was
+		not saved.
+
+	R file-name
+		Read boot sector from  file-name  (if  given)  otherwise
+		read from device.
+
+	W file-name
+		Write boot sector to  file-name.  (if  given)  otherwise
+		write to device.
+
+	WQ	Same as	"write"	followed by "quit".
+
+	#	This line is a comment (to be ignored).
+
+  Output Format
+	Here is	a sample of the	output from the	L command:
+
+	# Partition table on device: /dev/rdsk/0s0
+	geometry 1222 15 34 (cyls heads	sectors)
+	#  ID  First(cyl)  Last(cyl)  Name     # start,	length (sectors)
+	1   4	   0	    127	      MS-LOSS  # 34, 65246
+	2 129	 128	    255	      Minix    # 65280,	65280
+	3   0	   0	      0		       # 0, 0
+	4  99	 256	   1220	      ESIX     # 130560, 492150
+	# note:	 last(4): phys=(1023,14,34) logical=(1220,14,34)
+	active:	4
+
+	This output format is carefully	constructed so that  it	 may  be
+	saved in a file	 (by redirecting standard output) and later used
+	as input (by redirecting standard input).  On a	UNIX system, one
+	can save this output using the command:
+
+
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+
+
+Release	1.3	      Last change: Oct 1990			2
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+PFDISK(8)	      MAINTENANCE COMMANDS		PFDISK(8)
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+		(echo L) | pfdisk device-name >	save-file
+
+	save-file is a complete	record of the  partition  table.   On  a
+	UNIX system, one could use save-file to	re-initialize the parti-
+	tion table using the command:
+
+		(cat save-file ; echo wq) | pfdisk device-name
+
+	Consistency of each partition table entry is checked  while  the
+	table is listed.  Any inconsistencies discovered are reported in
+	a commentary note as shown above.
+
+  Physical vs. Logical
+	Each partition table entry has both "physical" and  a  "logical"
+	fields.	  The  physical	 fields	 specify  the lowest and highest
+	cylinder,head,sector combinations to be	used in	that  partition.
+	The  logical  start  field has the total number	of sectors which
+	precede	this partition,	and the	logical	 length	 field	has  the
+	total  number  of  sectors  contained  in this partition.  These
+	fields should be self consistent unless	the disk has  more  than
+	1024 cylinders.
+
+	The physical cylinder fields are only ten-bits wide so the  con-
+	tents are limited to 1023. The logical sector fields are 32 bits
+	wide and always	show the true logical beginning	 and  length  of
+	the partition.	Generally, the physical	start field is used only
+	to locate the secondary	boot sector, and the logical  start  and
+	length fields are used to actually delimit the partition used by
+	a particular system.
+
+  Partition Names
+	The Name field in the partition	table is  treated  specially  if
+	the  bootmenu  program	is installed in	the primary boot sector.
+	(See the file bootmenu.doc for	more  information.)  pfdisk  can
+	recognize  the	name  table  used  by bootmenu and will	show the
+	actual names present in	that name table.  If any other boot pro-
+	gram  is  used	then  the  Name	 field	reflects the result of a
+	table-lookup of	the system ID.
+
+	If you provide a name when  setting  any  partition  entry,  the
+	boot-sector  is	 marked	as using a name	table, so that on subse-
+	quent uses of pfdisk you will see the partition	names  you  have
+	specified.
+
+  Boot program replacement
+	You can	replace	the boot program in  your  boot	 sector	 without
+	affecting  the	partition  table  by  using  pfdisk  as	follows.
+	First, (as always) save	a copy of the current boot sector (on  a
+
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+Release	1.3	      Last change: Oct 1990			3
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+PFDISK(8)	      MAINTENANCE COMMANDS		PFDISK(8)
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+	floppy)	using the "W file" command.  Then, use the "R file" com-
+	mand to	read the new boot program.  If the boot	program	read  in
+	is  less  than	446  bytes  long,  the	partition  table will be
+	unchanged.
+
+	Unlike the DOS or UNIX fdisk programs, pfdisk has NO  boot  pro-
+	gram  compiled	into  its  executable image.  If you wish to use
+	pfdisk to partition a newly formatted hard disk, you must have a
+	boot  program image available to read in using the "r file" com-
+	mand.  Two boot	programs, "bootmenu.bin" and "bootauto.bin"  are
+	distributed  with  pfdisk  and	should	be found with its source
+	files.	See the	file bootmenu.doc for further information  about
+	these boot programs.
+
+AUTHOR
+	Gordon W. Ross
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+Release	1.3	      Last change: Oct 1990			4
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