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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML 2.0//EN">
<!Converted with LaTeX2HTML 95.1 (Fri Jan 20 1995) by Nikos Drakos (nikos@cbl.leeds.ac.uk), CBLU, University of Leeds >
<HEAD>
<TITLE>2.5.4.4 Problems using the system</TITLE>
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<meta name="description" value="2.5.4.4 Problems using the system">
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<BR> <HR><A NAME=tex2html2863 HREF="node93.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="next" SRC="next_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2861 HREF="node88.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="up" SRC="up_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2857 HREF="node91.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="previous" SRC="previous_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2865 HREF="node1.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="contents" SRC="contents_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2866 HREF="node250.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="index" SRC="index_motif.gif"></A> <BR>
<B> Next:</B> <A NAME=tex2html2864 HREF="node93.html">3 Linux Tutorial</A>
<B>Up:</B> <A NAME=tex2html2862 HREF="node88.html">2.5.4 Problems after installing </A>
<B> Previous:</B> <A NAME=tex2html2858 HREF="node91.html">2.5.4.3 Problems logging in</A>
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<H3><A NAME=SECTION00454400000000000000>2.5.4.4 Problems using the system</A></H3>
<P>
If login is successful, you should be presented with a shell prompt
(such as ``<tt>#</tt>'' or ``<tt>$</tt>'') and can happily roam around your
system. However, there are some initial problems with using the system
that sometimes creep up.
<P>
The most common initial configuration problem is incorrect file or directory
permissions. This can cause the error message
<P><TT> Shell-init: permission denied
<P></TT>
to be printed after logging in (in fact, any time you see the message
``<tt>permission denied</tt>'' you can be fairly certain that it is a problem
with file permissions).
<P>
<A NAME=1772>&#160;</A>
<A NAME=1773>&#160;</A>
In many cases, it's a simple matter of using
the <tt>chmod</tt> command to fix the permissions of the appropriate files or
directories.
For example, some distributions of Linux once
used the (incorrect) file mode 0644 for the root directory (<tt>/</tt>).
The fix was to issue the command
<P><TT> # <em>chmod 755 /</em>
<P></TT>
as <tt>root</tt>. However, in order to issue this command, you needed to
boot from the installation media and mount your Linux root filesystem by
hand---a hairy task for most newcomers.
<P>
As you use the system, you may run into places where file and directory
permissions are incorrect, or software does not work as configured. Welcome
to the world of Linux! While most distributions are quite trouble-free,
very few of them are perfect.
We don't want to cover all of those problems here.
Instead, throughout the book we help you to solve many of these configuration
problems by teaching you how to find them and fix them yourself. In
Chapter <A HREF="node8.html#chapintronum">1</A> we discussed this philosophy in some detail.
In Chapter <A HREF="node155.html#chapsysadmnum">4</A>, we give hints
for fixing many of these common configuration problems.
<P>
<A NAME=1782>&#160;</A>
<P>
<A NAME=1783>&#160;</A>
<A NAME=1784>&#160;</A>
<P>
<A NAME=1785>&#160;</A>
<A NAME=1786>&#160;</A>
<P>
<P>
<BR> <HR><A NAME=tex2html2863 HREF="node93.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="next" SRC="next_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2861 HREF="node88.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="up" SRC="up_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2857 HREF="node91.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="previous" SRC="previous_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2865 HREF="node1.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="contents" SRC="contents_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2866 HREF="node250.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="index" SRC="index_motif.gif"></A> <BR>
<B> Next:</B> <A NAME=tex2html2864 HREF="node93.html">3 Linux Tutorial</A>
<B>Up:</B> <A NAME=tex2html2862 HREF="node88.html">2.5.4 Problems after installing </A>
<B> Previous:</B> <A NAME=tex2html2858 HREF="node91.html">2.5.4.3 Problems logging in</A>
<BR> <HR> <P>
<BR> <HR>
<P><ADDRESS>
<I>Matt Welsh <BR>
mdw@sunsite.unc.edu</I>
</ADDRESS>
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