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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML 2.0//EN">
<!Converted with LaTeX2HTML 95.1 (Fri Jan 20 1995) by Nikos Drakos (nikos@cbl.leeds.ac.uk), CBLU, University of Leeds >
<HEAD>
<TITLE>3.2 Basic UNIX Concepts</TITLE>
</HEAD>
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<meta name="description" value="3.2 Basic UNIX Concepts">
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<P>
<BR> <HR><A NAME=tex2html2960 HREF="node96.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="next" SRC="next_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2958 HREF="node93.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="up" SRC="up_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2952 HREF="node94.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="previous" SRC="previous_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2962 HREF="node1.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="contents" SRC="contents_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2963 HREF="node250.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="index" SRC="index_motif.gif"></A> <BR>
<B> Next:</B> <A NAME=tex2html2961 HREF="node96.html">3.2.1 Creating an account</A>
<B>Up:</B> <A NAME=tex2html2959 HREF="node93.html">3 Linux Tutorial</A>
<B> Previous:</B> <A NAME=tex2html2953 HREF="node94.html">3.1 Introduction</A>
<BR> <HR> <P>
<H1><A NAME=SECTION00520000000000000000>3.2 Basic UNIX Concepts</A></H1>
<P>
<A NAME=1795>&#160;</A>
<A NAME=1796>&#160;</A>
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<A NAME=1798>&#160;</A>
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UNIX is a multitasking, multiuser operating system. This means that
there can be many people using one computer at the same time, running
many different applications. (This differs from MS-DOS, where only one
person can use the system at any one time.) Under UNIX, for users to
identify themselves to the system, they must <b>log in</b>, which
entails two steps: Entering your <b>login name</b> (the name which the
system identifies you as), and entering your <b>password</b>, which
is your personal secret key to logging into your account. Because only
you know your password, no one else can login to the system under your
username.
<P>
On traditional UNIX systems, the system administrator will assign you
a username and an initial password when you are given an account on the
system. However, because you are the system administrator, you must
set up your own account before you can login---see
Section <A HREF="node96.html#seccreateaccount">3.2.1</A>, below. For the following discussions,
we'll use the imaginary username ``<tt>larry</tt>''.
<P>
<A NAME=1806>&#160;</A>
In addition, each UNIX system has a <b>hostname</b> assigned to it.
It is this hostname that gives your machine a name, gives it character
and charm. The hostname is used to identify individual machines on
a network, but even if your machine isn't networked, it should have a
hostname. In Section <A HREF="node190.html#secsethostname">4.10.2</A> we'll cover setting your
system's hostname. For our examples, below, the system's hostname is
``<tt>mousehouse</tt>''.
<P>
<BR> <HR>
<UL>
<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2964 HREF="node96.html#SECTION00521000000000000000">3.2.1 Creating an account</A>
<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2965 HREF="node97.html#SECTION00522000000000000000">3.2.2 Logging in</A>
<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2966 HREF="node98.html#SECTION00523000000000000000">3.2.3 Virtual consoles</A>
<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2967 HREF="node99.html#SECTION00524000000000000000">3.2.4 Shells and commands</A>
<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2968 HREF="node100.html#SECTION00525000000000000000">3.2.5 Logging out</A>
<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2969 HREF="node101.html#SECTION00526000000000000000">3.2.6 Changing your password</A>
<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2970 HREF="node102.html#SECTION00527000000000000000">3.2.7 Files and directories</A>
<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2971 HREF="node103.html#SECTION00528000000000000000">3.2.8 The directory tree</A>
<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2972 HREF="node104.html#SECTION00529000000000000000">3.2.9 The current working directory</A>
<LI> <A NAME=tex2html2973 HREF="node105.html#SECTION005210000000000000000">3.2.10 Referring to home directories</A>
</UL>
<BR> <HR><A NAME=tex2html2960 HREF="node96.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="next" SRC="next_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2958 HREF="node93.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="up" SRC="up_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2952 HREF="node94.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="previous" SRC="previous_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2962 HREF="node1.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="contents" SRC="contents_motif.gif"></A> <A NAME=tex2html2963 HREF="node250.html"><IMG ALIGN=BOTTOM ALT="index" SRC="index_motif.gif"></A> <BR>
<B> Next:</B> <A NAME=tex2html2961 HREF="node96.html">3.2.1 Creating an account</A>
<B>Up:</B> <A NAME=tex2html2959 HREF="node93.html">3 Linux Tutorial</A>
<B> Previous:</B> <A NAME=tex2html2953 HREF="node94.html">3.1 Introduction</A>
<BR> <HR> <P>
<BR> <HR>
<P><ADDRESS>
<I>Matt Welsh <BR>
mdw@sunsite.unc.edu</I>
</ADDRESS>
</BODY>