add directory docs

docs/linux-fs-standard

@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+From: abc@banjo.concert.net (Alan B Clegg)
+Subject: Linux File System Document Revision 1.0
+Date: 9 Mar 92 14:33:45 GMT
+
+Before I get a flamefull response, let me tell everyone that this document has
+been through several revisions, and is currently at a point that has pleased
+most people.  Please note that it is a *GUIDELINE* and is not *REQUIRED*, but
+if most people follow the guidelines, we all get along a lot better.
+
+If you have comments/questions about this document, and you are not on the
+linux-standards mailing list, I would ask that you join the list.  The request
+address is:  linux-standards-request@banjo.concert.net.  Please try to keep
+debate off the news group, and on the mailing list.
+
+For those of you on the linux-standards list, the verticle bars in column one
+represent the only changes from draft 2.
+
+==== SNIP HERE ====
+
+The following is being submitted by Alan Clegg [abc@concert.net] on behalf
+of the Linux-Standards list as the standard for directory file structure
+under Linux.
+
+Revision 1.0
+
+Complete implementation of this file structure is completely voluntary,
+and will not be enforced, but will be recommended.  This specification
+is released as guidelines for people porting and writing software for
+the Linux Operating System to allow easy software installation, upgrade, and
+tailoring on already installed systems.
+
+Root Directory:
+
+        Files:
+                {none defined by spec}
+
+        Directories:
+                bin dev etc home lib mnt usr
+        
+        Rationale:
+                The root directory should not be cluttered with files or
+                directories, and should contain no user programs.
+
+/bin Directory:
+
+        Files:
+                sh init mount umount dd cat ls fsck {and as needed}
+
+        Directories:
+                {none defined by spec}
+
+        Rationale:
+                The /bin directory should contain programs that are vital
+                to the restoration of other file systems in the case of 
+                a corrupting crash.  No executable in /bin should require
+                any other file system to be mounted to execute correctly.
+
+/dev Directory:
+
+        Files:
+                {device files}
+
+        Directories:
+                {none define by spec}
+
+        Rationale:
+                Standard UNIX device files.  This directory should contain
+                device entries for all devices that are supported in the
+                standard kernel, even if the hardware device does not exist
+                on the system.
+
+/etc Directory:
+
+        Files:
+                mtab passwd rc ttytab {and as needed}
+
+        Directories:
+                {none defined by spec}
+
+        Rationale:
+                Standard location of files required during system boot.  Files
+                in this directory are usually system specific.  Most will
+|               require human intervention during system upgrade.  /etc will
+|               also contain administrative binaries that should not be in
+|               the normal users PATH.
+
+/home Directory:
+        
+        Files:
+                NONE
+
+        Directories:
+                {one per user excepting root}
+
+        Rationale:
+                Standard location of users home directories.  Will most likely
+                be a mounted file system once the system is up.  root's home
+                directory should be /.
+
+/lib Directory:
+
+        Files:
+                {libraries required for system initialization}
+
+        Directories:
+                {none defined by spec}
+
+        Rationale:
+                To keep the size of the root partition small (if separate from
+                /usr), the files in this directory should only be ones required
+                by files in the root partition.
+
+/mnt Directory:
+        
+        Files:
+                NONE
+
+        Directories:
+                NONE
+
+        Rationale:
+                Standard mount point for external (transient) file systems.
+                Must be available for sub-system installation.  Should remain
+                as an empty directory.
+
+/tmp Directory:
+        
+        Files:
+                NONE
+        
+        Directories:
+                NONE
+
+        Rationale:
+                Temporary file space available for general program use.  May
+                become a mounted partition upon system boot.
+
+/usr Directory:
+
+        Files:
+                {none defined by spec}
+
+        Directories:
+                adm bin spool local lib etc man include src tmp
+
+        Rationale:
+                /usr is the mount point for the second major (after root)
+                hierarchy of file structure and is discussed in the next
+                section.
+
+/usr/adm Directory:
+
+        Files:
+                {none defined in spec}
+
+        Directories:
+                {none defined in spec}
+
+        Rationale:
+                Location of log files and accounting information.
+
+/usr/bin Directory:
+
+        Files:
+                {all executable files from standard distribution not contined
+                 in /bin}
+
+        Directories:
+                {none defined in spec}
+
+        Rationale:
+                contains 'drop-in' executables that are considered to be
+                standard to the UNIX system.  These files should NOT be
+                Linux specific, but should have the same function as their
+                UNIX equivalents.
+
+/usr/etc Directory:
+        
+        Files:
+                {none defined in spec}
+
+        Directories:
+                {none defined in spec}
+
+        Rationale:
+                contains configuration files for any files in /usr/bin. helps
+                to keep /etc clean and small.
+
+/usr/spool Directory:
+
+        Files:
+                {none defined in spec}
+
+        Directories:
+                uucp mail
+
+        Rationale:
+                containes spool files for mail, printing, uucp transfer, etc.
+                May be a mount point for another volume.
+
+/usr/local Directory:
+
+        Files:
+                NONE
+        
+        Directories:
+                bin lib etc man src
+
+        Rationale:
+                contains files local to the specific system.  will not be
+                modified by upgrade process. 
+
+/usr/lib Directory:
+
+        Files:
+                libc.a crt0.s {and as needed}
+
+        Directories:
+                {none defined in spec}
+
+        Rationale:
+                location for library files required for multi-user system
+                operation.  This is the directory where program libraries
+|               should reside.  /usr/lib will also contain binaries required
+|               to support programs residing in /usr/bin.
+
+/usr/man Directory:
+
+        Files:
+                NONE
+        
+        Directories:
+                man1 man2 man3 man4 man5 man6 man7 man8
+
+        Rationale:
+                Contains manual pages for programs that are standard with
+                Linux.
+
+/usr/include Directory:
+
+        Files:
+                {programmers include files}
+
+        Directories:
+                {as needed}
+
+        Rationale:
+                Standard place for system include files.
+
+/usr/src Directory:
+        
+        Files:
+                NONE
+        
+        Directories:
+                bin lib linux usr.bin usr.lib
+
+        Rationale:
+                Contains source code for all applications in the release.
+                /usr/src/linux contains directories required for kernel builds.
+
+/usr/tmp Directory:
+
+        Files:
+                NONE
+
+
+        Directories:
+                NONE
+
+        Rationale:
+                Used as additional scratch space for programs.  If /tmp is
+                a mounted file system, /usr/tmp may be a symbolic link to
+                /tmp.
+
+-- 
+abc@concert.net                         Alan Clegg - Network Programmer
+KD4JML (just my luck!)                  MCNC -- Center for Communications
+