add directory docs

docs/linux-standards/old/File_System_Standard

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+The following is being submitted by Alan Clegg [abc@concert.net] on behalf of
+the linux-standards group as the recommended standard for directory file
+structure under Linux.
+
+Complete implementation of this file structure is completely voluntary,
+and will not be enforced, but will be recommended.  This specification
+is released as guidelines for people porting and writing software for
+the Linux Operating System to allow easy software installation, upgrade, and
+tailoring on already installed systems.
+
+Root Directory:
+
+	Files:
+		{none defined by spec}
+
+	Directories:
+		bin dev etc home lib mnt usr
+	
+	Rationale:
+		The root directory should not be cluttered with files or
+		directories, and should contain no user programs.
+
+/bin Directory:
+
+	Files:
+		sh init mount umount dd cat ls fsck mkfs {and as needed}
+
+	Directories:
+		{none defined by spec}
+
+	Rationale:
+		The /bin directory should contain programs that are vital
+		to the restoration of other file systems in the case of 
+		a corrupting crash.  No executable in /bin should require
+		any other file system to be mounted to execute correctly.
+
+/dev Directory:
+
+	Files:
+		{device files}
+
+	Directories:
+		{none define by spec}
+
+	Rationale:
+		Standard UNIX device files.  This directory should contain
+		device entries for all devices that are supported in the
+		standard kernel, even if the hardware device does not exist
+		on the system.  Note that the distribution will have all
+		device files, but they may be removed by the user upon
+		system installation.
+
+
+/etc Directory:
+
+	Files:
+		mtab passwd rc ttytab {and as needed}
+
+	Directories:
+		{none defined by spec}
+
+	Rationale:
+		Standard location of files required during system boot.  Files
+		in this directory are usually system specific.  Most will
+		require human intervention during system upgrade.
+
+/home Directory:
+	
+	Files:
+		NONE
+
+	Directories:
+		{one per user excepting root}
+
+	Rationale:
+		Standard location of users home directories.  Will most likely
+		be a mounted file system once the system is up.  root's home
+		directory should be /.
+
+/lib Directory:
+
+	Files:
+		{libraries required for system initialization}
+
+	Directories:
+		{none defined by spec}
+
+	Rationale:
+		To keep the size of the root partition small (if separate from
+		/usr), the files in this directory should only be ones required
+		by files in the root partition.
+
+/mnt Directory:
+	
+	Files:
+		NONE
+
+	Directories:
+		NONE
+
+	Rationale:
+		Standard mount point for external (transient) file systems.
+		Must be available for sub-system installation.  Should remain
+		as an empty directory.
+
+/tmp Directory:
+	
+	Files:
+		NONE
+	
+	Directories:
+		NONE
+
+	Rationale:
+		Temporary file space available for general program use.  May
+		become a mounted partition upon system boot.
+
+/usr Directory:
+
+	Files:
+		{none defined by spec}
+
+	Directories:
+		adm bin spool local lib etc man include src tmp
+
+	Rationale:
+		/usr is the mount point for the second major (after root)
+		hierarchy of file structure and is discussed in the next
+		section.
+
+/usr/adm Directory:
+
+	Files:
+		{none defined in spec}
+
+	Directories:
+		{none defined in spec}
+
+	Rationale:
+		Location of log files and accounting information.
+
+/usr/bin Directory:
+
+	Files:
+		{all executable files from standard distribution not contined
+		 in /bin}
+
+	Directories:
+		{none defined in spec}
+
+	Rationale:
+		contains 'drop-in' executables that are considered to be
+		standard to the UNIX system. These files should NOT be
+		Linux specific, but should have the same function as their
+		UNIX equivalents.
+
+/usr/etc Directory:
+	
+	Files:
+		{none defined in spec}
+
+	Directories:
+		{none defined in spec}
+
+	Rationale:
+		contains configuration files for any files in /usr/bin. helps
+		to keep /etc clean and small.
+
+/usr/spool Directory:
+
+	Files:
+		{none defined in spec}
+
+	Directories:
+		uucp mail
+
+	Rationale:
+		containes spool files for mail, printing, uucp transfer, etc.
+		May be a mount point for another volume.
+
+/usr/local Directory:
+
+	Files:
+		NONE
+	
+	Directories:
+		bin lib etc man src
+
+	Rationale:
+		contains files local to the specific system.  will not be
+		modified by upgrade process. 
+
+/usr/lib Directory:
+
+	Files:
+		libc.a crt0.s {and as needed}
+
+	Directories:
+		{none defined in spec}
+
+	Rationale:
+		location for library files required for multi-user system
+		operation.  This is the directory where program libraries
+		should reside.
+
+/usr/man Directory:
+
+	Files:
+		NONE
+	
+	Directories:
+		man1 man2 man3 man4 man5 man6 man7 man8
+		cat1 cat2 cat3 cat4 cat5 cat6 cat7 cat8
+
+	Rationale:
+		Contains manual pages for programs that are standard with
+		Linux.
+
+/usr/include Directory:
+
+	Files:
+		{programmers include files}
+
+	Directories:
+		{as needed}
+
+	Rationale:
+		Standard place for system include files.
+
+/usr/src Directory:
+	
+	Files:
+		NONE
+	
+	Directories:
+		bin lib linux usr.bin usr.lib
+
+	Rationale:
+		Contains source code for all applications in the release.
+		/usr/src/linux contains directories required for kernel builds.
+
+/usr/tmp Directory:
+
+	Files:
+		NONE
+
+
+	Directories:
+		NONE
+
+	Rationale:
+		Used as additional scratch space for programs.  If /tmp is
+		a mounted file system, /usr/tmp may be a symbolic link to
+		/tmp.