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<title>malloc</title>
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<basefont size="3"> <a name="malloc"></a> <a name="tag_03_357"></a><!-- malloc -->
<!--header start-->
<center><font size="2">The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6<br>
IEEE Std 1003.1-2001<br>
Copyright &copy; 2001 The IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights reserved.</font></center>
<!--header end-->
<hr size="2" noshade>
<h4><a name="tag_03_357_01"></a>NAME</h4>
<blockquote>malloc - a memory allocator</blockquote>
<h4><a name="tag_03_357_02"></a>SYNOPSIS</h4>
<blockquote class="synopsis">
<p><code><tt>#include &lt;<a href="../basedefs/stdlib.h.html">stdlib.h</a>&gt;<br>
<br>
void *malloc(size_t</tt> <i>size</i><tt>);<br>
</tt></code></p>
</blockquote>
<h4><a name="tag_03_357_03"></a>DESCRIPTION</h4>
<blockquote>
<div class="box"><sup>[<a href="javascript:open_code('CX')">CX</a>]</sup> <img src="../images/opt-start.gif" alt="[Option Start]"
border="0"> The functionality described on this reference page is aligned with the ISO&nbsp;C standard. Any conflict between the
requirements described here and the ISO&nbsp;C standard is unintentional. This volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001 defers to
the ISO&nbsp;C standard. <img src="../images/opt-end.gif" alt="[Option End]" border="0"></div>
<p>The <i>malloc</i>() function shall allocate unused space for an object whose size in bytes is specified by <i>size</i> and whose
value is unspecified.</p>
<p>The order and contiguity of storage allocated by successive calls to <i>malloc</i>() is unspecified. The pointer returned if the
allocation succeeds shall be suitably aligned so that it may be assigned to a pointer to any type of object and then used to access
such an object in the space allocated (until the space is explicitly freed or reallocated). Each such allocation shall yield a
pointer to an object disjoint from any other object. The pointer returned points to the start (lowest byte address) of the
allocated space. If the space cannot be allocated, a null pointer shall be returned. If the size of the space requested is 0, the
behavior is implementation-defined: the value returned shall be either a null pointer or a unique pointer.</p>
</blockquote>
<h4><a name="tag_03_357_04"></a>RETURN VALUE</h4>
<blockquote>
<p>Upon successful completion with <i>size</i> not equal to 0, <i>malloc</i>() shall return a pointer to the allocated space. If
<i>size</i> is 0, either a null pointer or a unique pointer that can be successfully passed to <a href=
"../functions/free.html"><i>free</i>()</a> shall be returned. Otherwise, it shall return a null pointer <sup>[<a href=
"javascript:open_code('CX')">CX</a>]</sup> <img src="../images/opt-start.gif" alt="[Option Start]" border="0"> &nbsp;and set
<i>errno</i> to indicate the error. <img src="../images/opt-end.gif" alt="[Option End]" border="0"></p>
</blockquote>
<h4><a name="tag_03_357_05"></a>ERRORS</h4>
<blockquote>
<p>The <i>malloc</i>() function shall fail if:</p>
<dl compact>
<dt>[ENOMEM]</dt>
<dd><sup>[<a href="javascript:open_code('CX')">CX</a>]</sup> <img src="../images/opt-start.gif" alt="[Option Start]" border="0">
Insufficient storage space is available. <img src="../images/opt-end.gif" alt="[Option End]" border="0"></dd>
</dl>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<div class="box"><em>The following sections are informative.</em></div>
<h4><a name="tag_03_357_06"></a>EXAMPLES</h4>
<blockquote>
<p>None.</p>
</blockquote>
<h4><a name="tag_03_357_07"></a>APPLICATION USAGE</h4>
<blockquote>
<p>None.</p>
</blockquote>
<h4><a name="tag_03_357_08"></a>RATIONALE</h4>
<blockquote>
<p>None.</p>
</blockquote>
<h4><a name="tag_03_357_09"></a>FUTURE DIRECTIONS</h4>
<blockquote>
<p>None.</p>
</blockquote>
<h4><a name="tag_03_357_10"></a>SEE ALSO</h4>
<blockquote>
<p><a href="calloc.html"><i>calloc</i>()</a> , <a href="free.html"><i>free</i>()</a> , <a href="realloc.html"><i>realloc</i>()</a>
, the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001, <a href=
"../basedefs/stdlib.h.html"><i>&lt;stdlib.h&gt;</i></a></p>
</blockquote>
<h4><a name="tag_03_357_11"></a>CHANGE HISTORY</h4>
<blockquote>
<p>First released in Issue 1. Derived from Issue 1 of the SVID.</p>
</blockquote>
<h4><a name="tag_03_357_12"></a>Issue 6</h4>
<blockquote>
<p>Extensions beyond the ISO&nbsp;C standard are marked.</p>
<p>The following new requirements on POSIX implementations derive from alignment with the Single UNIX Specification:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>In the RETURN VALUE section, the requirement to set <i>errno</i> to indicate an error is added.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The [ENOMEM] error condition is added.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<div class="box"><em>End of informative text.</em></div>
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