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Ref-docs/POSIX/susv3/functions/socket.html
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Ref-docs/POSIX/susv3/functions/socket.html
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
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<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="style.css"><!-- Generated by The Open Group's rhtm tool v1.2.1 -->
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<!-- Copyright (c) 2001 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved -->
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<title>socket</title>
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</head>
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<body bgcolor="white">
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<basefont size="3"> <a name="socket"></a> <a name="tag_03_708"></a><!-- socket -->
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<!--header start-->
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<center><font size="2">The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6<br>
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IEEE Std 1003.1-2001<br>
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Copyright © 2001 The IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights reserved.</font></center>
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<!--header end-->
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<hr size="2" noshade>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_708_01"></a>NAME</h4>
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<blockquote>socket - create an endpoint for communication</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_708_02"></a>SYNOPSIS</h4>
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<blockquote class="synopsis">
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<p><code><tt>#include <<a href="../basedefs/sys/socket.h.html">sys/socket.h</a>><br>
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<br>
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int socket(int</tt> <i>domain</i><tt>, int</tt> <i>type</i><tt>, int</tt> <i>protocol</i><tt>);<br>
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</tt></code></p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_708_03"></a>DESCRIPTION</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The <i>socket</i>() function shall create an unbound socket in a communications domain, and return a file descriptor that can be
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used in later function calls that operate on sockets.</p>
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<p>The <i>socket</i>() function takes the following arguments:</p>
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<dl compact>
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<dt><i>domain</i></dt>
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<dd>Specifies the communications domain in which a socket is to be created.</dd>
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<dt><i>type</i></dt>
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<dd>Specifies the type of socket to be created.</dd>
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<dt><i>protocol</i></dt>
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<dd>Specifies a particular protocol to be used with the socket. Specifying a <i>protocol</i> of 0 causes <i>socket</i>() to use an
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unspecified default protocol appropriate for the requested socket type.</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>The <i>domain</i> argument specifies the address family used in the communications domain. The address families supported by the
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system are implementation-defined.</p>
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<p>Symbolic constants that can be used for the domain argument are defined in the <a href=
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"../basedefs/sys/socket.h.html"><i><sys/socket.h></i></a> header.</p>
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<p>The <i>type</i> argument specifies the socket type, which determines the semantics of communication over the socket. The
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following socket types are defined; implementations may specify additional socket types:</p>
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<dl compact>
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<dt>SOCK_STREAM</dt>
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<dd>Provides sequenced, reliable, bidirectional, connection-mode byte streams, and may provide a transmission mechanism for
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out-of-band data.</dd>
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<dt>SOCK_DGRAM</dt>
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<dd>Provides datagrams, which are connectionless-mode, unreliable messages of fixed maximum length.</dd>
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<dt>SOCK_SEQPACKET</dt>
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<dd>Provides sequenced, reliable, bidirectional, connection-mode transmission paths for records. A record can be sent using one or
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more output operations and received using one or more input operations, but a single operation never transfers part of more than
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one record. Record boundaries are visible to the receiver via the MSG_EOR flag.</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>If the <i>protocol</i> argument is non-zero, it shall specify a protocol that is supported by the address family. If the
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<i>protocol</i> argument is zero, the default protocol for this address family and type shall be used. The protocols supported by
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the system are implementation-defined.</p>
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<p>The process may need to have appropriate privileges to use the <i>socket</i>() function or to create some sockets.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_708_04"></a>RETURN VALUE</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>Upon successful completion, <i>socket</i>() shall return a non-negative integer, the socket file descriptor. Otherwise, a value
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of -1 shall be returned and <i>errno</i> set to indicate the error.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_708_05"></a>ERRORS</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The <i>socket</i>() function shall fail if:</p>
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<dl compact>
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<dt>[EAFNOSUPPORT]</dt>
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<dd><br>
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The implementation does not support the specified address family.</dd>
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<dt>[EMFILE]</dt>
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<dd>No more file descriptors are available for this process.</dd>
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<dt>[ENFILE]</dt>
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<dd>No more file descriptors are available for the system.</dd>
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<dt>[EPROTONOSUPPORT]</dt>
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<dd><br>
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The protocol is not supported by the address family, or the protocol is not supported by the implementation.</dd>
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<dt>[EPROTOTYPE]</dt>
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<dd>The socket type is not supported by the protocol.</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>The <i>socket</i>() function may fail if:</p>
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<dl compact>
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<dt>[EACCES]</dt>
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<dd>The process does not have appropriate privileges.</dd>
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<dt>[ENOBUFS]</dt>
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<dd>Insufficient resources were available in the system to perform the operation.</dd>
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<dt>[ENOMEM]</dt>
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<dd>Insufficient memory was available to fulfill the request.</dd>
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</dl>
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</blockquote>
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<hr>
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<div class="box"><em>The following sections are informative.</em></div>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_708_06"></a>EXAMPLES</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>None.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_708_07"></a>APPLICATION USAGE</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The documentation for specific address families specifies which protocols each address family supports. The documentation for
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specific protocols specifies which socket types each protocol supports.</p>
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<p>The application can determine whether an address family is supported by trying to create a socket with <i>domain</i> set to the
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protocol in question.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_708_08"></a>RATIONALE</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>None.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_708_09"></a>FUTURE DIRECTIONS</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>None.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_708_10"></a>SEE ALSO</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p><a href="accept.html"><i>accept</i>()</a> , <a href="bind.html"><i>bind</i>()</a> , <a href="connect.html"><i>connect</i>()</a>
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, <a href="getsockname.html"><i>getsockname</i>()</a> , <a href="getsockopt.html"><i>getsockopt</i>()</a> , <a href=
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"listen.html"><i>listen</i>()</a> , <a href="recv.html"><i>recv</i>()</a> , <a href="recvfrom.html"><i>recvfrom</i>()</a> , <a
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href="recvmsg.html"><i>recvmsg</i>()</a> , <a href="send.html"><i>send</i>()</a> , <a href="sendmsg.html"><i>sendmsg</i>()</a> , <a
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href="setsockopt.html"><i>setsockopt</i>()</a> , <a href="shutdown.html"><i>shutdown</i>()</a> , <a href=
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"socketpair.html"><i>socketpair</i>()</a> , the Base Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, <a href=
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"../basedefs/netinet/in.h.html"><i><netinet/in.h></i></a>, <a href=
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"../basedefs/sys/socket.h.html"><i><sys/socket.h></i></a></p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_708_11"></a>CHANGE HISTORY</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>First released in Issue 6. Derived from the XNS, Issue 5.2 specification.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<div class="box"><em>End of informative text.</em></div>
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<hr>
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<hr size="2" noshade>
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<center><font size="2"><!--footer start-->
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UNIX ® is a registered Trademark of The Open Group.<br>
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POSIX ® is a registered Trademark of The IEEE.<br>
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[ <a href="../mindex.html">Main Index</a> | <a href="../basedefs/contents.html">XBD</a> | <a href=
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"../utilities/contents.html">XCU</a> | <a href="../functions/contents.html">XSH</a> | <a href="../xrat/contents.html">XRAT</a>
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]</font></center>
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