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study/boot/Bootdisk-HOWTO/Bootdisk-HOWTO-v450/x703.html
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study/boot/Bootdisk-HOWTO/Bootdisk-HOWTO-v450/x703.html
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<HTML
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||||
><HEAD
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||||
><TITLE
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||||
>Putting them together: Making the diskette(s)</TITLE
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||||
><META
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||||
NAME="GENERATOR"
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||||
CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.63
|
||||
"><LINK
|
||||
REL="HOME"
|
||||
TITLE="The Linux Bootdisk HOWTO"
|
||||
HREF="index.html"><LINK
|
||||
REL="PREVIOUS"
|
||||
TITLE="Choosing a kernel"
|
||||
HREF="x688.html"><LINK
|
||||
REL="NEXT"
|
||||
TITLE="Troubleshooting, or The Agony of Defeat"
|
||||
HREF="troubleshooting.html"></HEAD
|
||||
><BODY
|
||||
CLASS="SECT1"
|
||||
BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
|
||||
TEXT="#000000"
|
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LINK="#0000FF"
|
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VLINK="#840084"
|
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ALINK="#0000FF"
|
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><DIV
|
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CLASS="NAVHEADER"
|
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><TABLE
|
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WIDTH="100%"
|
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BORDER="0"
|
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CELLPADDING="0"
|
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CELLSPACING="0"
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TH
|
||||
COLSPAN="3"
|
||||
ALIGN="center"
|
||||
>The Linux Bootdisk HOWTO</TH
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="10%"
|
||||
ALIGN="left"
|
||||
VALIGN="bottom"
|
||||
><A
|
||||
HREF="x688.html"
|
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>Prev</A
|
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></TD
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="80%"
|
||||
ALIGN="center"
|
||||
VALIGN="bottom"
|
||||
></TD
|
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><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="10%"
|
||||
ALIGN="right"
|
||||
VALIGN="bottom"
|
||||
><A
|
||||
HREF="troubleshooting.html"
|
||||
>Next</A
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
><HR
|
||||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"></DIV
|
||||
><DIV
|
||||
CLASS="SECT1"
|
||||
><H1
|
||||
CLASS="SECT1"
|
||||
><A
|
||||
NAME="AEN703"
|
||||
>6. Putting them together: Making the diskette(s)</A
|
||||
></H1
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>At this point you have a kernel and a compressed root filesystem. If you are
|
||||
making a boot/root disk, check their sizes to make sure they will both fit on
|
||||
one disk. If you are making a two disk boot+root set, check the root
|
||||
filesystem to make sure it will fit on a single diskette.</P
|
||||
><P
|
||||
> You should decide whether to use LILO to boot the bootdisk kernel.
|
||||
The alternative is to copy the kernel directly to the diskette and boot
|
||||
without LILO. The advantage of using LILO is that it enables you to supply
|
||||
some parameters to the kernel which may be necessary to initialize your
|
||||
hardware (Check the file <TT
|
||||
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
||||
>/etc/lilo.conf</TT
|
||||
> on your
|
||||
system. If it exists and has a line like
|
||||
``<TT
|
||||
CLASS="LITERAL"
|
||||
>append=...</TT
|
||||
>'', you probably need this feature). The
|
||||
disadvantage of using LILO is that building the bootdisk is more
|
||||
complicated and takes slightly more space. You will have to set up a small
|
||||
separate filesystem, which we shall call the <EM
|
||||
>kernel
|
||||
filesystem</EM
|
||||
>, where you transfer the kernel and a few other files
|
||||
that LILO needs.</P
|
||||
><P
|
||||
> If you are going to use LILO, read on; if you are going to transfer
|
||||
the kernel directly, skip ahead to <A
|
||||
HREF="x703.html#TRANSFERRINGWITHOUTLILO"
|
||||
>Section 6.2</A
|
||||
>.</P
|
||||
><DIV
|
||||
CLASS="SECT2"
|
||||
><H2
|
||||
CLASS="SECT2"
|
||||
><A
|
||||
NAME="TRANSFERRINGWITHLILO"
|
||||
>6.1. Transferring the kernel with LILO</A
|
||||
></H2
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>First, make sure you have a recent version of LILO.</P
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>You must create a small configuration file for LILO.
|
||||
It should look like this:
|
||||
<TABLE
|
||||
BORDER="0"
|
||||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
><FONT
|
||||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||||
><PRE
|
||||
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
|
||||
> boot =/dev/fd0
|
||||
install =/boot/boot.b
|
||||
map =/boot/map
|
||||
read-write
|
||||
backup =/dev/null
|
||||
compact
|
||||
image = KERNEL
|
||||
label = Bootdisk
|
||||
root =/dev/fd0</PRE
|
||||
></FONT
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
>
|
||||
For an explanation of these parameters, see LILO's user documentation. You
|
||||
will probably also want to add an <TT
|
||||
CLASS="LITERAL"
|
||||
>append=...</TT
|
||||
> line to
|
||||
this file from your hard disk's <TT
|
||||
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
||||
>/etc/lilo.conf</TT
|
||||
> file.</P
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>Save this file as <TT
|
||||
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
||||
>bdlilo.conf</TT
|
||||
>.</P
|
||||
><P
|
||||
> You now have to create a small filesystem, which we shall call a
|
||||
<EM
|
||||
>kernel filesystem</EM
|
||||
>, to distinguish it from the root
|
||||
filesystem.</P
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>First, figure out how large the filesystem should be. Take the size of your
|
||||
kernel in blocks (the size shown by ``<B
|
||||
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
||||
>ls -s KERNEL</B
|
||||
>'') and
|
||||
add 50. Fifty blocks is approximately the space needed for inodes plus other
|
||||
files. You can calculate this number exactly if you want to, or just use 50.
|
||||
If you're creating a two-disk set, you may as well overestimate the space since
|
||||
the first disk is only used for the kernel anyway. Call this number
|
||||
<TT
|
||||
CLASS="LITERAL"
|
||||
>KERNEL_BLOCKS</TT
|
||||
>.</P
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>Put a floppy diskette in the drive (for simplicity we'll assume
|
||||
<TT
|
||||
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
||||
>/dev/fd0</TT
|
||||
>) and create an ext2 kernel filesystem on it:
|
||||
<TABLE
|
||||
BORDER="1"
|
||||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
><FONT
|
||||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||||
><PRE
|
||||
CLASS="SCREEN"
|
||||
> mke2fs -N 24 -m 0 /dev/fd0 KERNEL_BLOCKS</PRE
|
||||
></FONT
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
The ``<TT
|
||||
CLASS="LITERAL"
|
||||
>-N 24</TT
|
||||
>'' specifies 24 inodes, which is all you should
|
||||
need for this filesystem. Next, mount the filesystem, remove the
|
||||
<TT
|
||||
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
||||
>lost+found</TT
|
||||
> directory, and create <TT
|
||||
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
||||
>dev</TT
|
||||
>
|
||||
and <TT
|
||||
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
||||
>boot</TT
|
||||
> directories for LILO:
|
||||
<TABLE
|
||||
BORDER="1"
|
||||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
><FONT
|
||||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||||
><PRE
|
||||
CLASS="SCREEN"
|
||||
> mount -o dev /dev/fd0 /mnt
|
||||
rm -rf /mnt/lost+found
|
||||
mkdir /mnt/{boot,dev}</PRE
|
||||
></FONT
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
></P
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>Next, create devices <TT
|
||||
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
||||
>/dev/null</TT
|
||||
> and
|
||||
<TT
|
||||
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
||||
>/dev/fd0</TT
|
||||
>. Instead of looking up the device numbers, you
|
||||
can just copy them from your hard disk using <TT
|
||||
CLASS="LITERAL"
|
||||
>-R</TT
|
||||
>:
|
||||
<TABLE
|
||||
BORDER="1"
|
||||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
><FONT
|
||||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||||
><PRE
|
||||
CLASS="SCREEN"
|
||||
> cp -R /dev/{null,fd0} /mnt/dev</PRE
|
||||
></FONT
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
>
|
||||
LILO needs a copy of its boot loader, <TT
|
||||
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
||||
>boot.b</TT
|
||||
>, which
|
||||
you can take from your hard disk. It is usually kept in the
|
||||
<TT
|
||||
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
||||
>/boot</TT
|
||||
> directory.
|
||||
<TABLE
|
||||
BORDER="1"
|
||||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
><FONT
|
||||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||||
><PRE
|
||||
CLASS="SCREEN"
|
||||
> cp /boot/boot.b /mnt/boot</PRE
|
||||
></FONT
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
>
|
||||
Finally, copy in the LILO configuration file you created in the last section,
|
||||
along with your kernel. Both can be put in the root directory:
|
||||
<TABLE
|
||||
BORDER="1"
|
||||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
><FONT
|
||||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||||
><PRE
|
||||
CLASS="SCREEN"
|
||||
> cp bdlilo.conf KERNEL /mnt</PRE
|
||||
></FONT
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
>
|
||||
Everything LILO needs is now on the kernel filesystem, so you are ready to run
|
||||
it. LILO's <TT
|
||||
CLASS="LITERAL"
|
||||
>-r</TT
|
||||
> flag is used for installing the boot loader on some other
|
||||
root:
|
||||
<TABLE
|
||||
BORDER="1"
|
||||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
><FONT
|
||||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||||
><PRE
|
||||
CLASS="SCREEN"
|
||||
> lilo -v -C bdlilo.conf -r /mnt</PRE
|
||||
></FONT
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
>
|
||||
|
||||
LILO should run without error, after which the kernel filesystem
|
||||
should look something like this:
|
||||
<TABLE
|
||||
BORDER="1"
|
||||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
><FONT
|
||||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||||
><PRE
|
||||
CLASS="SCREEN"
|
||||
>total 361
|
||||
1 –rw–r––r–– 1 root root 176 Jan 10 07:22 bdlilo.conf
|
||||
1 drwxr–xr–x 2 root root 1024 Jan 10 07:23 boot/
|
||||
1 drwxr–xr–x 2 root root 1024 Jan 10 07:22 dev/
|
||||
358 –rw–r––r–– 1 root root 362707 Jan 10 07:23 vmlinuz
|
||||
boot:
|
||||
total 8
|
||||
4 –rw–r––r–– 1 root root 3708 Jan 10 07:22 boot.b
|
||||
4 –rw––––––– 1 root root 3584 Jan 10 07:23 map
|
||||
dev:
|
||||
total 0
|
||||
0 brw–r––––– 1 root root 2, 0 Jan 10 07:22 fd0
|
||||
0 crw–r––r–– 1 root root 1, 3 Jan 10 07:22 null </PRE
|
||||
></FONT
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
></P
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>Do not worry if the file sizes are slightly different from yours.</P
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>Now leave the diskette in the drive and go to <A
|
||||
HREF="x703.html#SETTINGRAMDISKWORD"
|
||||
>Section 6.3</A
|
||||
>.</P
|
||||
></DIV
|
||||
><DIV
|
||||
CLASS="SECT2"
|
||||
><H2
|
||||
CLASS="SECT2"
|
||||
><A
|
||||
NAME="TRANSFERRINGWITHOUTLILO"
|
||||
>6.2. Transferring the kernel without LILO</A
|
||||
></H2
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>If you are <EM
|
||||
>not</EM
|
||||
> using LILO, transfer the kernel to the
|
||||
bootdisk with <B
|
||||
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
||||
>dd</B
|
||||
>:
|
||||
<TABLE
|
||||
BORDER="1"
|
||||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
><FONT
|
||||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||||
><PRE
|
||||
CLASS="SCREEN"
|
||||
> % dd if=KERNEL of=/dev/fd0 bs=1k
|
||||
353+1 records in
|
||||
353+1 records out</PRE
|
||||
></FONT
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
>
|
||||
|
||||
In this example, <B
|
||||
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
||||
>dd</B
|
||||
> wrote 353 complete records + 1
|
||||
partial record, so the kernel occupies the first 354 blocks of the
|
||||
diskette. Call this number <TT
|
||||
CLASS="LITERAL"
|
||||
>KERNEL_BLOCKS</TT
|
||||
> and
|
||||
remember it for use in the next section.</P
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>Finally, set the root device to be the diskette itself, then set the
|
||||
root to be loaded read/write:
|
||||
<TABLE
|
||||
BORDER="1"
|
||||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
><FONT
|
||||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||||
><PRE
|
||||
CLASS="SCREEN"
|
||||
> rdev /dev/fd0 /dev/fd0
|
||||
rdev -R /dev/fd0 0</PRE
|
||||
></FONT
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Be careful to use a capital <TT
|
||||
CLASS="LITERAL"
|
||||
>-R</TT
|
||||
> in the second
|
||||
<B
|
||||
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
||||
>rdev</B
|
||||
> command.</P
|
||||
></DIV
|
||||
><DIV
|
||||
CLASS="SECT2"
|
||||
><H2
|
||||
CLASS="SECT2"
|
||||
><A
|
||||
NAME="SETTINGRAMDISKWORD"
|
||||
>6.3. Setting the ramdisk word</A
|
||||
></H2
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>
|
||||
Inside the kernel image is the <EM
|
||||
>ramdisk word</EM
|
||||
> that
|
||||
specifies where the root filesystem is to be found, along with other
|
||||
options. The word can be accessed and set via the <B
|
||||
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
||||
>rdev</B
|
||||
>
|
||||
command, and its contents are interpreted as follows:
|
||||
<DIV
|
||||
CLASS="INFORMALTABLE"
|
||||
><A
|
||||
NAME="AEN782"
|
||||
></A
|
||||
><P
|
||||
></P
|
||||
><TABLE
|
||||
BORDER="1"
|
||||
CLASS="CALSTABLE"
|
||||
><THEAD
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TH
|
||||
WIDTH="96"
|
||||
ALIGN="RIGHT"
|
||||
VALIGN="TOP"
|
||||
>Bit field</TH
|
||||
><TH
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||||
VALIGN="TOP"
|
||||
>Description</TH
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></THEAD
|
||||
><TBODY
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="96"
|
||||
ALIGN="RIGHT"
|
||||
VALIGN="TOP"
|
||||
>0-10</TD
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||||
VALIGN="TOP"
|
||||
>Offset to start of ramdisk, in 1024 byte blocks</TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="96"
|
||||
ALIGN="RIGHT"
|
||||
VALIGN="TOP"
|
||||
>11-13</TD
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||||
VALIGN="TOP"
|
||||
>unused</TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="96"
|
||||
ALIGN="RIGHT"
|
||||
VALIGN="TOP"
|
||||
>14</TD
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||||
VALIGN="TOP"
|
||||
>Flag indicating that ramdisk is to be loaded</TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="96"
|
||||
ALIGN="RIGHT"
|
||||
VALIGN="TOP"
|
||||
>15</TD
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||||
VALIGN="TOP"
|
||||
>Flag indicating to prompt before loading rootfs</TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TBODY
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
><P
|
||||
></P
|
||||
></DIV
|
||||
></P
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>If bit 15 is set, on boot-up you will be prompted to place a new floppy
|
||||
diskette in the drive. This is necessary for a two-disk boot set.</P
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>There are two cases, depending on whether you are building a single
|
||||
boot/root diskette or a double ``boot+root'' diskette set.</P
|
||||
><P
|
||||
></P
|
||||
><OL
|
||||
TYPE="1"
|
||||
><LI
|
||||
><P
|
||||
> If you are building a single disk, the compressed root filesystem
|
||||
will be placed right after the kernel, so the offset will be the first free
|
||||
block (which should be the same as
|
||||
<TT
|
||||
CLASS="LITERAL"
|
||||
>KERNEL_BLOCKS</TT
|
||||
>). Bit 14 will be set to 1, and bit
|
||||
15 will be zero.
|
||||
|
||||
For example, say you're building a single disk and the root filesystem will
|
||||
begin at block 253 (decimal). The ramdisk word value should be 253
|
||||
(decimal) with bit 14 set to 1 and bit 15 set to 0. To calculate the value
|
||||
you can simply add the decimal values. 253 + (2^14) = 253 + 16384 =
|
||||
16637. If you don't quite understand where this number comes from, plug it
|
||||
into a scientific calculator and convert it to binary,</P
|
||||
></LI
|
||||
><LI
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>If you are building a two-disk set, the root filesystem will begin at
|
||||
block zero of the second disk, so the offset will be zero. Bit 14 will be
|
||||
set to 1 and bit 15 will be 1. The decimal value will be
|
||||
2^14 + 2^15 = 49152 in this case.</P
|
||||
></LI
|
||||
></OL
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>After carefully calculating the value for the ramdisk word, set it with
|
||||
<B
|
||||
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
||||
>rdev -r</B
|
||||
>. Be sure to use the
|
||||
<EM
|
||||
>decimal</EM
|
||||
> value. If you used LILO, the argument to
|
||||
<B
|
||||
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
||||
>rdev</B
|
||||
> here should be the <EM
|
||||
>mounted kernel
|
||||
path</EM
|
||||
>,
|
||||
e.g. <TT
|
||||
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
||||
>/mnt/vmlinuz</TT
|
||||
>; if you copied the kernel with
|
||||
<B
|
||||
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
||||
>dd</B
|
||||
>, instead
|
||||
use the floppy device name (<EM
|
||||
>e.g.,</EM
|
||||
> <TT
|
||||
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
||||
>/dev/fd0</TT
|
||||
>).
|
||||
<TABLE
|
||||
BORDER="1"
|
||||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
><FONT
|
||||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||||
><PRE
|
||||
CLASS="SCREEN"
|
||||
> rdev -r KERNEL_OR_FLOPPY_DRIVE VALUE</PRE
|
||||
></FONT
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
></P
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>If you used LILO, unmount the diskette now.</P
|
||||
><DIV
|
||||
CLASS="IMPORTANT"
|
||||
><P
|
||||
></P
|
||||
><TABLE
|
||||
CLASS="IMPORTANT"
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
BORDER="0"
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="25"
|
||||
ALIGN="CENTER"
|
||||
VALIGN="TOP"
|
||||
><IMG
|
||||
SRC="../images/important.gif"
|
||||
HSPACE="5"
|
||||
ALT="Important"></TD
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||||
VALIGN="TOP"
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>Do not believe what the rdev/ramsize manpage says about ramdisk
|
||||
size.
|
||||
The manpage is obsolete. As of kernel 2.0 or so, the ramdisk word no
|
||||
longer determines the ramdisk size; the word is instead interpreted
|
||||
according to the table at the beginning of section <A
|
||||
HREF="x703.html#SETTINGRAMDISKWORD"
|
||||
>Section 6.3</A
|
||||
>. For a detailed
|
||||
explanation, see the documentation file <A
|
||||
HREF="file:/usr/src/linux/Documentation/ramdisk.txt"
|
||||
TARGET="_top"
|
||||
>ramdisk.txt</A
|
||||
> or
|
||||
<A
|
||||
HREF="http://www.linuxhq.com/kernel/v2.4/doc/ramdisk.txt.html"
|
||||
TARGET="_top"
|
||||
>http://www.linuxhq.com/kernel/v2.4/doc/ramdisk.txt.html</A
|
||||
>.
|
||||
|
||||
</P
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
></DIV
|
||||
></DIV
|
||||
><DIV
|
||||
CLASS="SECT2"
|
||||
><H2
|
||||
CLASS="SECT2"
|
||||
><A
|
||||
NAME="AEN831"
|
||||
>6.4. Transferring the root filesystem</A
|
||||
></H2
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>The last step is to transfer the root filesystem.</P
|
||||
><P
|
||||
> <P
|
||||
></P
|
||||
><UL
|
||||
><LI
|
||||
><P
|
||||
> If the root filesystem will be placed on the
|
||||
<EM
|
||||
>same</EM
|
||||
> disk as the kernel, transfer it using
|
||||
<B
|
||||
CLASS="COMMAND"
|
||||
>dd</B
|
||||
> with the <TT
|
||||
CLASS="OPTION"
|
||||
>seek</TT
|
||||
> option, which
|
||||
specifies how many blocks to skip:
|
||||
<TABLE
|
||||
BORDER="1"
|
||||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||||
WIDTH="90%"
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
><FONT
|
||||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||||
><PRE
|
||||
CLASS="SCREEN"
|
||||
> dd if=rootfs.gz of=/dev/fd0 bs=1k seek=<EM
|
||||
>KERNEL_BLOCKS</EM
|
||||
></PRE
|
||||
></FONT
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
></P
|
||||
></LI
|
||||
><LI
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>If the root filesystem will be placed on a <EM
|
||||
>second</EM
|
||||
>
|
||||
disk, remove the first diskette, put the second diskette in the drive, then
|
||||
transfer the root filesystem to it:
|
||||
<TABLE
|
||||
BORDER="1"
|
||||
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
|
||||
WIDTH="90%"
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
><FONT
|
||||
COLOR="#000000"
|
||||
><PRE
|
||||
CLASS="SCREEN"
|
||||
> dd if=rootfs.gz of=/dev/fd0 bs=1k</PRE
|
||||
></FONT
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
></P
|
||||
></LI
|
||||
></UL
|
||||
> </P
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>Congratulations, you are done! </P
|
||||
><DIV
|
||||
CLASS="IMPORTANT"
|
||||
><P
|
||||
></P
|
||||
><TABLE
|
||||
CLASS="IMPORTANT"
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
BORDER="0"
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="25"
|
||||
ALIGN="CENTER"
|
||||
VALIGN="TOP"
|
||||
><IMG
|
||||
SRC="../images/important.gif"
|
||||
HSPACE="5"
|
||||
ALT="Important"></TD
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||||
VALIGN="TOP"
|
||||
><P
|
||||
>You should always test a bootdisk before putting it aside for an emergency.
|
||||
If it fails to boot, read on.</P
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
></DIV
|
||||
></DIV
|
||||
></DIV
|
||||
><DIV
|
||||
CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
|
||||
><HR
|
||||
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
|
||||
WIDTH="100%"
|
||||
BORDER="0"
|
||||
CELLPADDING="0"
|
||||
CELLSPACING="0"
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="33%"
|
||||
ALIGN="left"
|
||||
VALIGN="top"
|
||||
><A
|
||||
HREF="x688.html"
|
||||
>Prev</A
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="34%"
|
||||
ALIGN="center"
|
||||
VALIGN="top"
|
||||
><A
|
||||
HREF="index.html"
|
||||
>Home</A
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="33%"
|
||||
ALIGN="right"
|
||||
VALIGN="top"
|
||||
><A
|
||||
HREF="troubleshooting.html"
|
||||
>Next</A
|
||||
></TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
><TR
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="33%"
|
||||
ALIGN="left"
|
||||
VALIGN="top"
|
||||
>Choosing a kernel</TD
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="34%"
|
||||
ALIGN="center"
|
||||
VALIGN="top"
|
||||
> </TD
|
||||
><TD
|
||||
WIDTH="33%"
|
||||
ALIGN="right"
|
||||
VALIGN="top"
|
||||
>Troubleshooting, or The Agony of Defeat</TD
|
||||
></TR
|
||||
></TABLE
|
||||
></DIV
|
||||
></BODY
|
||||
></HTML
|
||||
>
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user