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study/hardware/Floppy/floppy/fdc1.txt
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study/hardware/Floppy/floppy/fdc1.txt
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<Picture>
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<Picture: Logo>AboutAdvertisingAwardsContact usNewsMessageboards<Picture>
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Back to messagelist
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Re: Disk access...
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Posted by ports on February 22, 2000 at 12:10:14 PM
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TITLE Freehafer's use ports to read floppy disk A: sectors program
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;
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; Bibliography
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;
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; 1. Help with DMA programming is found in The Indespensable PC Hardware
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; Book, Messmer, Addison-Wesley Longman Limited, <20>1997, page 721.
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;
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; 2. Help with port programming is found in The Undocumented PC,
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; Gilluwe, Addison-Wesley Developers Press, <20>1997, pages 525, 1057.
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;
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;........................................................................
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msg MACRO msgout ;
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mov AH, 09h ; function 09h
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lea DX, msgout ; DX holds message
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int 21h ; display string interupt
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ENDM ;
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;........................................................................
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.MODEL small ; directive placing all memory in one segment
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;........................................................................
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.stack 2000h ;
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.data ;
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Message DB 0Ah,0Dh," This program uses ports to read a sector of A:",0Ah,0Dh,'$'
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CW DB 10,13,10,13," (C)1999 Inniea Publishing Company! R",153,142,"K NOG!",0Ah,0Dh," Freehafer's Read Sector With Ports Program Is Terminated! ",0Ah,0Dh,0Ah,0Dh,'$'
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msgENT DB 10,13,10,13," Enter a 'y' or 'Y' if you want to display",10,13," sector contents on screen: ",'$'
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CRLF DB 10,13,'$'
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msgLine DB 10,13," **************SECTOR CONTENTS***************",10,13,'$'
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msgSECTOR DB 10,13," Enter sector number 1 to 18: ",'$'
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msgTRACK DB 10,13," Enter track number 0 to 79: ",'$'
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msgSIDE DB 10,13," Enter side number 0 to 1: ",'$'
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NUM DW 0
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counter DW 0
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buffer DB 512 dup('t')
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buffy DB 512 dup(?)
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on_off_switch EQU 1Ch ; motor_on
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compare_s DB 0 ; send_controller
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compare_r DB 0 ; receive_controller
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compare_x DB 0 ; recalibrate_a
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compare_t DB 0 ; seek_track_side
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command_byte DB ? ;
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result_byte DB ? ;
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side DB 0 ;
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track DB 0 ;
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sector DB 0 ;
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INPNUM DW 0 ;
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dma_access_opperation_code DB ?
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dma_low_order_count_byte DB ?
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dma_high_order_count_byte DB ?
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;........................................................................
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.code ;
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;........................................................................
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start: ; begin algorithm
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;........................................................................
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; ; move data segment into DS
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;........................................................................
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mov AX, @data ; base address
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mov DS, AX ; of data segment
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;........................................................................
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; ; get inputs
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;........................................................................
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msg Message ; describe what program does
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;........................................................................
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msg msgSECTOR ; sector
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CALL InputInt ;
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mov AL, byte ptr NUM ;
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mov sector, AL ;
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msg msgTRACK ; track
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CALL InputInt ;
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mov AL, byte ptr NUM ;
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mov track, AL ;
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msg msgSIDE ; side
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CALL InputInt ;
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mov AL, byte ptr NUM ;
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mov side, AL ;
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;........................................................................
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; ; read media id of A:
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;........................................................................
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mov AL, 00h ; drive A:
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LEA BX, buffy ; ES:BX
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mov CX, 01h ; number of sectors to read
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mov DX, 00h ; boot sector
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int 25h ; absolute read interrupt
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;........................................................................
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; ; delay
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;........................................................................
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mov AX, 0 ;
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mov counter, AX ;
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first_loop: ; beep delay
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mov AH, 02h ;
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mov DL, 07h ;
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int 21h ;
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.IF(counter < 15) ;
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;........................................................................
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mov AH, 86h ; system wait function
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mov CX, 02h ; CX = 1E DX = 8480h for 2 seconds
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mov DX, 00h ; 131.072 milliseconds
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int 15h ; added dealy
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;........................................................................
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inc counter ;
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jmp first_loop ;
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.ENDIF ;
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;........................................................................
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; ; ES:BX
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;........................................................................
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mov BX, seg buffer ;
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mov ES, BX ;
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mov BX, offset buffer ;
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;........................................................................
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;***********************************; DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS
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mov AL, 56h ;
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mov dma_access_opperation_code, AL
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mov AL, 0FFh ;
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mov dma_low_order_count_byte, AL
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mov AL, 1h ;
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mov dma_high_order_count_byte, AL
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call dma_access ;
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;........................................................................
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CALL motor_on ;
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CALL recalibrate_a ; retract head to track 0
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CALL seek_track_side ; seek desired track and side
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CALL read_sector_id ; verify side
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;........................................................................
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;***********************************; WRITE TO CONTROLLER
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;........................................................................
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; ; Send Byte 0 Command To Port
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;........................................................................
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mov AL, 46h ; 70d = 46h = 0100 0110b read sector command
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mov command_byte, AL ;
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CALL send_controller ; send command to port
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;........................................................................
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; ; Send Byte 1
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;........................................................................
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mov CL, 4 ;
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mov AL, side ; alternate between 0x00 and 0x04
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mul CL ; 0000 0(head = 0 or 1)(drive a: = 0 0)
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mov command_byte, AL ;
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CALL send_controller ; send command to port
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;........................................................................
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; ; Send Byte 2
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;........................................................................
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mov AL, track ;
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mov command_byte, AL ; cylinder
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CALL send_controller ;
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;........................................................................
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; ; Send Byte 3
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;........................................................................
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mov AL, side ; head
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mov command_byte, AL ;
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CALL send_controller ; send command to port
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;........................................................................
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; ; Send Byte 4
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;........................................................................
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mov AL, sector ; sector # up to 37 max
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mov command_byte, AL ;
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CALL send_controller ;
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;........................................................................
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; ; Send Byte 5
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;........................................................................
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mov AL, 2 ; Byte 5 = 2 for 512 bytes per sector
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mov command_byte, AL ;
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CALL send_controller ;
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;........................................................................
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; ; Send Byte 6
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;........................................................................
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mov AL, 12h ; 18d = last sector on track
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mov command_byte, AL ;
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CALL send_controller ;
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;........................................................................
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; ; Send Byte 7
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;........................................................................
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mov AL, 1Bh ; 3 1/2" write or read = 1Bh = 27d = 0001 1011b
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mov command_byte, AL ; gap
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CALL send_controller ;
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;........................................................................
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; ; Send Byte 8
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;........................................................................
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mov AL, 0h ; 0 or 0FFh = 255d unused = 01111111b
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mov command_byte, AL ;
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CALL send_controller ;
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;........................................................................
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;***********************************; READ FROM CONTROLLER
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;........................................................................
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CALL receive_controller ;
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CALL receive_controller ;
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CALL receive_controller ;
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CALL receive_controller ;
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CALL receive_controller ;
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CALL receive_controller ;
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CALL receive_controller ;
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;........................................................................
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CALL motor_off
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;........................................................................
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;***********************************; DISPLAY SECTOR CONTENTS
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;........................................................................
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; ; display sector contents
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;........................................................................
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msg msgENT ; do you want boot sector contents displayed
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mov AH, 01h ; read character function
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int 21h ; call interrupt
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.IF(AL != 89 && AL != 121) ; if 'Y' of 'y' not entered skip display
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jmp skipper ;
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.ENDIF ;
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msg CRLF ;
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;........................................................................
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msg msgLine ; display line of stars
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disloop: ; beginning of loop
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mov BX, counter ; counter
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mov AL, buffer[BX] ; buffer array
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int 29h ; display character in AL
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inc counter ; increment counter
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.IF(counter jmp disloop ; end of loop
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.ENDIF ; end of counter test
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msg CRLF ; new line
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msg msgLine ; display line of stars
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skipper:
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;........................................................................
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msg CW ; display copyright
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;........................................................................
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; ; end
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;........................................................................
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mov AX,4C00h ; termination function
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int 21h ; termination interupt
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;........................................................................
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; PROCEDURES*************************************************************
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;........................................................................
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; PROCEDURE TO INPUT NUMBER**********************************************
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;........................................................................
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InputInt proc ;
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push CX ;
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push BX ;
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mov BX, 0 ;
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mov CX, 0 ;
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mov NUM, 0 ;
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READ: ;
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mov AH, 1 ;
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int 21h ;
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mov DL, AL ;
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cmp AL, '0' ;
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jl ExitProc ;
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cmp AL, '9' ;
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jg ExitProc ;
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Number: ;
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mov AH, 0 ;
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sub AL, '0' ;
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mov CX, AX ;
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mov AX, 10 ;
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mul BX ;
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add AX, CX ;
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mov BX, AX ;
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jmp Read ;
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ExitProc: ;
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mov AX, BX ;
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pop BX ;
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pop CX ;
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mov NUM, AX ;
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ret ;
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InputInt endp ;
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;........................................................................
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; PROCEDURE TO DELAY*****************************************************
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;........................................................................
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delay_1 proc ;
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mov AH, 86h ; system wait function
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mov CX, 00h ; CX = 1E DX = 8480h for 2 seconds
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mov DX, 5000h ; 5000h = 20480d =
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int 15h ; 20.480 milliseconds
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ret ;
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delay_1 endp ;
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;........................................................................
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; PROCEDURE TO TURN ON FLOPPY DIRVE MOTOR********************************
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;........................................................................
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motor_on proc ;
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mov DX, 3F2h ;
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mov AL, on_off_switch ;
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OUT DX, AL ;
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ret ;
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motor_on endp ;
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;........................................................................
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; PROCEDURE TO TURN OFF FLOPPY DIRVE MOTOR*******************************
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;........................................................................
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motor_off proc ;
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mov DX, 3F2h ;
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mov AL, 0h ;
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OUT DX, AL ;
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ret ;
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motor_off endp ;
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;........................................................................
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; PROCEDURE TO SEND CONTROLLER COMMAND BYTE******************************
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;........................................................................
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send_controller proc ;
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send_check_again: ;
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CALL delay_1 ;
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mov DX, 3F4h ;
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IN AL, DX ;
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mov compare_s, AL ;
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AND compare_s, 80h ;
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.IF (compare_s != 80h) ; 128d = 80h = 1000 0000b
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jmp send_check_again ; *****
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.ENDIF ;
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CALL delay_1 ;
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mov DX, 3F5h ;
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mov AL, command_byte ;
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OUT DX, AL ;
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ret ;
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send_controller endp ;
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;........................................................................
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; PROCEDURE TO RECEIVE BYTES FROM CONTROLLER*****************************
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;........................................................................
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receive_controller proc ;
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receive_check_again: ;
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CALL delay_1 ;
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mov DX, 3F4h ;
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IN AL, DX ;
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mov compare_r, AL ;
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AND compare_r, 80h ;
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.IF (compare_r != 80h) ; 128d = 80h = 1000 0000b
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jmp receive_check_again ; *****
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.ENDIF ;
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CALL delay_1 ;
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mov DX, 3F5h ;
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IN AL, DX ;
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mov result_byte, AL ;
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ret ;
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receive_controller endp ;
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;........................................................................
|
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; PROCEDURE TO RECALIBRATE OR RETRACT TRACK TO 0*************************
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;........................................................................
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recalibrate_a proc ;
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recalibrate_it_again: ;
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mov AL, 7 ; recalibrate command byte
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mov command_byte, AL ;
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CALL send_controller ;
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mov AL, 0h ; DRIVE A:
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mov command_byte, AL ;
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CALL send_controller ;
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; ; sense interrupt
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mov AL, 08h ; sense command byte = 08h
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mov command_byte, AL ;
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CALL send_controller ;
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CALL receive_controller ; result_byte 1 = status
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mov AL, result_byte ;
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mov compare_x, AL ;
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AND compare_x, 80h ;
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.IF (compare_x == 80h) ; 128d = 80h = 1000 0000b
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jmp recalibrate_it_again ; *****
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.ENDIF ;
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CALL receive_controller ; result_byte 2 = track
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.IF(result_byte != 0) ;
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jmp recalibrate_it_again ; *****
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.ENDIF ;
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ret ;
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recalibrate_a endp ;
|
||||
;........................................................................
|
||||
; PROCEDURE TO SEEK TRACK AND SIDE***************************************
|
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;........................................................................
|
||||
seek_track_side proc ;
|
||||
go_and_seek_it_again: ;
|
||||
mov AL, 0Fh ; seek command byte = 0Fh
|
||||
mov command_byte, AL ;
|
||||
CALL send_controller ;
|
||||
mov CL, 4 ;
|
||||
mov AL, side ; INPUT = alternate between 0x00 and 0x04
|
||||
mul CL ; 0000 0(head = 0 or 1)(drive a: = 0 0)
|
||||
mov command_byte, AL ;
|
||||
CALL send_controller ; send command to port
|
||||
mov AL, track ; INPUT = track
|
||||
mov command_byte, AL ;
|
||||
CALL send_controller ;
|
||||
;...................................; sense interrupt
|
||||
mov AL, 08h ; sense command byte = 08h
|
||||
mov command_byte, AL ;
|
||||
CALL send_controller ;
|
||||
CALL receive_controller ;
|
||||
mov AL, result_byte ; result_byte 1 = status
|
||||
mov compare_t, AL ;
|
||||
AND compare_t, 80h ;
|
||||
.IF (compare_t == 80h) ; 128d = 80h = 1000 0000b
|
||||
jmp go_and_seek_it_again ; *****
|
||||
.ENDIF ;
|
||||
CALL receive_controller ; result_byte 2 = track
|
||||
mov AL, track ;
|
||||
.IF (result_byte != AL) ;
|
||||
jmp go_and_seek_it_again ; *****
|
||||
.ENDIF ;....
|
||||
ret ;
|
||||
seek_track_side endp ;
|
||||
;.......................................................................
|
||||
; PROCEDURE TO READ SECTOR ID*******************************************
|
||||
;.......................................................................
|
||||
read_sector_id proc ;
|
||||
mov AL, 4Ah ; command byte
|
||||
mov command_byte, AL ;
|
||||
CALL send_controller ;
|
||||
mov CL, 4 ;
|
||||
mov AL, side ; INPUT = alternate between 0x00 and 0x04
|
||||
mul CL ; 0000 0(head = 0 or 1)(drive a: = 0 0)
|
||||
mov command_byte, AL ;
|
||||
CALL send_controller ; send command to port
|
||||
CALL receive_controller ;
|
||||
CALL receive_controller ;
|
||||
CALL receive_controller ;
|
||||
CALL receive_controller ;
|
||||
CALL receive_controller ; result_byte = side
|
||||
mov AL, side ;
|
||||
.IF (result_byte != AL) ;
|
||||
CALL receive_controller ;
|
||||
CALL receive_controller ;
|
||||
jmp go_and_seek_it_again ; *****
|
||||
.ENDIF ;....
|
||||
CALL receive_controller ;
|
||||
CALL receive_controller ;
|
||||
ret ;
|
||||
read_sector_id endp ;
|
||||
;........................................................................
|
||||
; DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS PROCEDURE*****************************************
|
||||
;........................................................................
|
||||
dma_access proc ;
|
||||
;........................................................................
|
||||
cli ; disable interrupts
|
||||
;........................................................................
|
||||
; ; disable dma1
|
||||
;........................................................................
|
||||
MOV AL, 14h ;
|
||||
OUT 08h, AL ; DMA-1 Command Register port 8h
|
||||
; command 20d = 14h = 0001 0100b
|
||||
; rotating priority
|
||||
; disable disabled
|
||||
; memory to memory transfer
|
||||
;........................................................................
|
||||
; ; mode
|
||||
;........................................................................
|
||||
MOV AL, dma_access_opperation_code
|
||||
OUT 0Bh, AL ; DMA-1 Mode Register port 0Bh
|
||||
; single mode; auto; write; channel 2
|
||||
;.....................................................................
|
||||
; ; split address
|
||||
;.....................................................................
|
||||
MOV AX, ES ;
|
||||
MOV CL, 04h ;
|
||||
SHL AX, CL ;
|
||||
ADD AX, BX ;
|
||||
JC carry ;
|
||||
;.....................................................................
|
||||
; ; no carry
|
||||
;.....................................................................
|
||||
MOV BX, ES ;
|
||||
MOV CL, 04h ;
|
||||
SHR BH, CL ;
|
||||
JMP buffer_address ;
|
||||
carry: ;
|
||||
MOV BX, ES ;
|
||||
MOV CL, 04h ;
|
||||
SHR BH, CL ;
|
||||
ADC BH, 0h ;
|
||||
buffer_address: ;
|
||||
OUT 0Ch, AL ; DMA-1 Clear Byte Flip-Flop
|
||||
; reset flip-flop
|
||||
OUT 04h, AL ; DMA-1 Channel 2 Output
|
||||
; Low Order Address Byte
|
||||
MOV AL, AH ;
|
||||
OUT 04h, AL ; DMA-1 Channel 2 Output
|
||||
; High Order Address Byte
|
||||
MOV AL, BH ; page address
|
||||
OUT 81h, AL ; page value = 11d = 0Bh = 0000 1011
|
||||
; address bits A16 to A19
|
||||
; for DMA transfers
|
||||
;........................................................................
|
||||
; ; count value
|
||||
;........................................................................
|
||||
OUT 0Ch, AL ; DMA-1 Clear Byte Flip-Flop
|
||||
; reset flip-flop
|
||||
;........................................................................
|
||||
; ; BUFFER SIZE = 84 BYTES
|
||||
;........................................................................
|
||||
MOV AL, dma_low_order_count_byte
|
||||
OUT 05h, AL ; DMA-1 Count Port
|
||||
; load low order count byte
|
||||
MOV AL, dma_high_order_count_byte
|
||||
OUT 05h, AL ; load high order count byte
|
||||
;.......................................................................
|
||||
; ; unmask channel
|
||||
;.......................................................................
|
||||
MOV AL, 02h ; release channel 2
|
||||
OUT 0Ah, AL ; DMA-1 Mask Register Bit
|
||||
; command 2d = 2h = 0000 0010b
|
||||
; clear mask channel 2
|
||||
;.......................................................................
|
||||
; ; enable dma1
|
||||
;.......................................................................
|
||||
MOV AL, 10h ;
|
||||
OUT 08h, AL ; DMA-1 Command Register Port
|
||||
; 10d = 0Ah = 0001 0000b
|
||||
; enable DMA
|
||||
sti ; enable interrupts
|
||||
ret ;
|
||||
dma_access endp ;
|
||||
;........................................................................
|
||||
end start ; end program
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
Follow Ups:
|
||||
<EFBFBD>Disk access... - Jeffrey 2000-02-16 (0)
|
||||
<EFBFBD>Re: Disk access... - ports 2000-02-22 (0)
|
||||
<EFBFBD>Re: Disk access... - ////// 2000-02-17 (0)
|
||||
<EFBFBD>You could try... - Bikram 2000-02-17 (0)
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Hard Drive I/O isn't hard at all - Untitled 2000-02-17 (0)
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Wha ?? Read... - Bikram 2000-02-17 (0)
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ports Info - Darius 2000-02-19 (0)
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Re: Ports Info - Bikram 2000-02-20 (0)
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Just rambling mostly - Darius 2000-02-20 (0)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
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|
||||
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user