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<TITLE>GDB Internals: Target Vector Definition</TITLE>
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<H1> 10. Target Vector Definition </H1>
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<!--docid::SEC88::-->
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<P>
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The target vector defines the interface between GDB's
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abstract handling of target systems, and the nitty-gritty code that
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actually exercises control over a process or a serial port.
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GDB includes some 30-40 different target vectors; however,
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each configuration of GDB includes only a few of them.
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<H2> 10.1 File Targets </H2>
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<!--docid::SEC89::-->
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Both executables and core files have target vectors.
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<H2> 10.2 Standard Protocol and Remote Stubs </H2>
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<!--docid::SEC90::-->
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<P>
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GDB's file <TT>`remote.c'</TT> talks a serial protocol to code
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that runs in the target system. GDB provides several sample
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<EM>stubs</EM> that can be integrated into target programs or operating
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systems for this purpose; they are named <TT>`*-stub.c'</TT>.
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</P><P>
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The GDB user's manual describes how to put such a stub into
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your target code. What follows is a discussion of integrating the
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SPARC stub into a complicated operating system (rather than a simple
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program), by Stu Grossman, the author of this stub.
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</P><P>
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The trap handling code in the stub assumes the following upon entry to
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<CODE>trap_low</CODE>:
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</P><P>
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<OL>
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<LI>
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%l1 and %l2 contain pc and npc respectively at the time of the trap;
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<P>
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<LI>
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traps are disabled;
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<P>
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<LI>
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you are in the correct trap window.
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</OL>
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<P>
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As long as your trap handler can guarantee those conditions, then there
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is no reason why you shouldn't be able to "share" traps with the stub.
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The stub has no requirement that it be jumped to directly from the
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hardware trap vector. That is why it calls <CODE>exceptionHandler()</CODE>,
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which is provided by the external environment. For instance, this could
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set up the hardware traps to actually execute code which calls the stub
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first, and then transfers to its own trap handler.
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</P><P>
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For the most point, there probably won't be much of an issue with
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"sharing" traps, as the traps we use are usually not used by the kernel,
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and often indicate unrecoverable error conditions. Anyway, this is all
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controlled by a table, and is trivial to modify. The most important
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trap for us is for <CODE>ta 1</CODE>. Without that, we can't single step or
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do breakpoints. Everything else is unnecessary for the proper operation
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of the debugger/stub.
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</P><P>
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From reading the stub, it's probably not obvious how breakpoints work.
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They are simply done by deposit/examine operations from GDB.
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</P><P>
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<H2> 10.3 ROM Monitor Interface </H2>
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<H2> 10.4 Custom Protocols </H2>
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<H2> 10.5 Transport Layer </H2>
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<H2> 10.6 Builtin Simulator </H2>
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<A NAME="Native Debugging"></A>
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