353 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
353 lines
13 KiB
Plaintext
# MAN5
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MAN5 (5)
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Section 5 of the Manual is for information that doesn't fit in any other
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section, for example ASCII tables.
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The sections of the manual are:
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Section 1: User commands
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Section 2: System calls
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Section 3: C library
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Section 4: File formats
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-->Section 5: Miscellaneous
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Section 6: Games
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Section 7: Special files (devices)
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Section 8: Maintenance procedures
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# ansi ANSI
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ansi (5)
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ANSII escape sequences
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Sequences for cursor movement and graphics
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ESC[Pl;PcH move to line Pl, column Pc
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ESC[PnA move up Pn lines without changing column
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ESC[PnB move down Pn lines without changing column
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ESC[PnC move ahead Pn columns in the same line
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ESC[PnD move back Pn columns in the same line
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ESC[K erase from current postion to end of line
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ESC[Psm Change display mode
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Values for Ps:
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Text attributes:
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0 normal
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1 bright
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4 underscored (only monochrome)
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5 blinking
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7 reversed video
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8 invisible
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Foreground color:
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30 black
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31 red
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32 green
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33 yellow
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34 blue
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35 magenta
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36 cyan
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37 white
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Background color:
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40 black
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41 red
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42 green
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43 yellow
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44 blue
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45 magenta
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46 cyan
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47 white
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SEE ALSO:
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MS-DOS 5.0 Reference Guide, Chapter 15, ANSI.SYS
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Note: Minix implements only a subset of the ANSI escape sequences.
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# ascii ASCII
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ascii (5)
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ASCII Character codes (with IBM extended characters)
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00 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 A0 B0 C0 D0 E0 F0 (hex)
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ÚÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÂÄÄÄ¿
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+0³ ^@³ ^P³ SP³ 0 ³ @ ³ P ³ ` ³ p ³ € ³ <20> ³ ³ ° ³ À ³ Ð ³ à ³ ð ³
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+1³ ^A³XOF³ ! ³ 1 ³ A ³ Q ³ a ³ q ³ <20> ³ ‘ ³ ¡ ³ ± ³ Á ³ Ñ ³ á ³ ñ ³
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+2³ ^B³ ^R³ " ³ 2 ³ B ³ R ³ b ³ r ³ ‚ ³ ’ ³ ¢ ³ ² ³ Â ³ Ò ³ â ³ ò ³
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+3³ ^C³XON³ # ³ 3 ³ C ³ S ³ c ³ s ³ ƒ ³ “ ³ £ ³ ³ ³ Ã ³ Ó ³ ã ³ ó ³
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+4³ ^D³ ^T³ $ ³ 4 ³ D ³ T ³ d ³ t ³ „ ³ ” ³ ¤ ³ ´ ³ Ä ³ Ô ³ ä ³ ô ³
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+5³ ^E³ ^U³ % ³ 5 ³ E ³ U ³ e ³ u ³ … ³ • ³ ¥ ³ µ ³ Å ³ Õ ³ å ³ õ ³
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+6³ ^F³ ^V³ & ³ 6 ³ F ³ V ³ f ³ v ³ † ³ – ³ ¦ ³ ¶ ³ Æ ³ Ö ³ æ ³ ö ³
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+7³BEL³ ^W³ ' ³ 7 ³ G ³ W ³ g ³ w ³ ‡ ³ — ³ § ³ · ³ Ç ³ × ³ ç ³ ÷ ³
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+8³TAB³ ^X³ ( ³ 8 ³ H ³ X ³ h ³ x ³ ˆ ³ ˜ ³ ¨ ³ ¸ ³ È ³ Ø ³ è ³ ø ³
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+9³ BS³ ^Y³ ) ³ 9 ³ I ³ Y ³ i ³ y ³ ‰ ³ ™ ³ © ³ ¹ ³ É ³ Ù ³ é ³ ù ³
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+A³ LF³ ^Z³ * ³ : ³ J ³ Z ³ j ³ z ³ Š ³ š ³ ª ³ º ³ Ê ³ Ú ³ ê ³ ú ³
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+B³ ^K³ESC³ + ³ ; ³ K ³ [ ³ k ³ { ³ ‹ ³ › ³ « ³ » ³ Ë ³ Û ³ ë ³ û ³
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+C³ FF³ ^\³ , ³ < ³ L ³ \ ³ l ³ | ³ Œ ³ œ ³ ¬ ³ ¼ ³ Ì ³ Ü ³ ì ³ ü ³
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+D³ CR³ ^]³ - ³ = ³ M ³ ] ³ m ³ } ³ <20> ³ <20> ³ ³ ½ ³ Í ³ Ý ³ í ³ ý ³
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+E³ ^N³ ^^³ . ³ > ³ N ³ ^ ³ n ³ ~ ³ Ž ³ ž ³ ® ³ ¾ ³ Î ³ Þ ³ î ³ þ ³
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+F³ ^O³ ^_³ / ³ ? ³ O ³ _ ³ o ³DEL³ <20> ³ Ÿ ³ ¯ ³ ¿ ³ Ï ³ ß ³ ï ³ ³
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ÀÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÙ
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# escape
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escape (5)
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The complete set of C escape sequences is:
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\a alert (bell) char \\ backslash
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\b backspace \? question mark
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\f formfeed \' single quote
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\n newline \" double quote
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\r carriage return \ooo char specified as octal
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\t horizontal tab \xhh char specified as hex
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\v vertical tab \0 null
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SEE ALSO:
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Kernighan and Ritchie, ed. 2, p. 38
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# TCP tcp
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TCP Well-known port assignments:
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Decimal Keyword UNIX Keyword Description
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0 Reserved
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1 TCPMUX - TCP Multiplexor
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5 RJE - Remote Job Entry
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7 ECHO echo Echo
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9 DISCARD discard Discard
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11 USERS systat Active Users
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13 DAYTIME daytime Daytime
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15 - netstat Network status program
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17 QUOTE qotd Quote of the Day
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19 CHARGEN chargen Character Generator
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20 FTP-DATA ftp-data File Transfer Protocol (data)
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21 FTP ftp File Transfer Protocol
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23 TELNET telnet Terminal Connection
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25 SMTP smtp Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
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37 TIME time Time
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42 NAMESERVER name Host Name Server
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43 NICNAME whois Who Is
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53 DOMAIN nameserver Domain Name Server
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77 RJE rje any private RJE service
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79 FINGER finger Finger
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93 DCP - Device Control Protocol
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95 SUPDUP supdup SUPDUP Protocol
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101 HOSTNAME hostnames NIC Host Name Server
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102 ISO-TSAP iso-tsap ISO-TSAP
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103 X400 x400 X.400 Mail Service
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104 X400-SND x400-snd X.400 Mail Sending
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111 SUNRPC sunrpc SUN Remote Procedure Call
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113 AUTH auth Authentication Service
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117 UUCP-PATH uucp-path UUCP Path Service
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119 NNTP nntp USENET News Transfer Protocol
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129 PWDGEN - Password Generator Protocol
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139 NETBIOS-SSN - NETBIOS Session Service
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160-223 Reserved
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Ref: Comer, Internetworking with TCP/IP, Vol 1., p. 201
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# UDP udp
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UDP Well-known port assignments:
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Decimal Keyword UNIX Keyword Description
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0 Reserved
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7 ECHO echo Echo
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9 DISCARD discard Discard
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11 USERS systat Active Users
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13 DAYTIME daytime Daytime
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15 - netstat Who is up or NETSTAT
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17 QUOTE qotd Quote of the Day
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19 CHARGEN chargen Character Generator
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37 TIME time Time
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42 NAMESERVER name Host Name Server
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43 NICNAME whois Who Is
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53 DOMAIN nameserver Domain Name Server
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67 BOOTPS bootps Bootstrap Protocol Server
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68 BOOTPC bootpc Bootstrap Protocol Client
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69 TFTP tftp Trivial File Transfer
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111 SUNRPC sunrpc SUN Microsystems RPC
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123 NTP ntp Network Time Protocol
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161 - snmp SNMP net monitor
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162 - snmp-trap SNMP traps
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512 - biff UNIX comsat
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513 - who UNIX rwho daemon
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514 - syslog system log
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515 - timed Time daemon
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Ref: Comer, Internetworking with TCP/IP, Vol 1., p. 167
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# man_sections
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man_sections (5)
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The standard sections of the Unix manual are:
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Section 1: User commands - for general users
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Section 2: System calls - primarily for programmers
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Section 3: C library - primarily for programmers
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Section 4: File formats
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Section 5: Miscellaneous - information that doesn't fit elsewhere
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Section 6: Games and entertainment (unofficial
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Section 7: Special files and devices (in /dev)
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Section 8: Maintenance and installation procedures
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In Minix 1.5 each of these is in a file /usr/man/man1 .. /usr/man/man8.
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The man command searches section 1 if no section is specified.
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On my system I also have several other non-standard man sections:
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/usr/man/man0 is a condensed man file, with man entries for
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some of the Minix-specific utilities needed for initial installation.
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Common Unix commands that can be found in standard Unix users' guides
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(like cat, cp, ls, etc.) are not included unless their syntax is
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non-standard in Minix.
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/usr/man/man9 is for man pages for Atari, Amiga, MacIntosh, and
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other non-IBM-PC versions of Minix.
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/usr/man/man1esp .. /usr/man/man8esp are Spanish language versions
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of the corresponding sections. These are not as current or complete as
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the English version.
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(asw 16.02.95)
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# regular_expressions
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Regular Expressions (5)
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Mined, ed, grep, and other Minix commands use regular expressions
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for searching text.
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The rules for forming regular expressions are:
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1. Every displayable character matches itself.
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2. . (period) matches any character except newline.
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3. ^ (circumflex) matches the start of a line.
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4. $ (dollar) matches the end of a line.
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5. \c matches character c, including period, circumflex, dollar,
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etc.
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6. [<string>] matches any character in <string>.
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7. [^<string>] matches any character not in the <string>.
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8. [x-y] matches any character including and between x and y (e.g.,
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[a-z]matches any lower case alphabetic character).
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9. <pattern>* matches any number (0 or more) of occurences of <pattern>.
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Examples of regular expressions:
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The boy matches the string "The boy"
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^$ matches any empty line
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^.$ matches any line containing exactly one character
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^A.*\.$ matches any line beginning with "A" and ending with a period
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^[A-Z]*$ matches an empty line or any line containing only upper case
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alphabetic characters
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[A-Z0-9] matches any line containing an upper case letter or a numeric
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digit
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.*X matches any line ending in "X"
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A.*B matches any line containing an "A" followed (but not necessarily
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immediately) by a "B"
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See also: ed(1), grep(1), mined(1)
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(asw 13.02.95 based on Minix 1.5 Reference Manual))
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# mined_commands
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Mined Commands (5)
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Cursor movement Screen movement
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arrows indicated direction Home 1st character of file
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ctrl-A go to start of current line End last character
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ctrl-Z go to end of current line PgUp move up one screenfull
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ctrl-^ move up PgDn move down one screenfull
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ctrl-_ move down ctrl-U move up 1 line
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ctrl-F forward by 1 word ctrl-D move down 1 line
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ctrl-B backward by 1 word
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Text modification Buffer operations
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Del erase char under cursor ctrl-@ set mark for ctrl-C and ctrl-K
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Bkspace erase char to left of cursor ctrl-C copy to buffer
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ctrl-N erase following word ctrl-K delete and save to buffer
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ctrl-P erase previous word ctrl-Y insert buffer contents
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ctrl-T delete to end of line ctrl-Q write buffer to a file
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ctrl-O open a new line
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ctrl-G insert (Get) a file
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Miscellaneous
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num+ search forward ctrl-W write file to disk
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num- search back ctrl-X exit
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num5 display status of file ctrl-S shell
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ctrl-] go to line (by number) ctrl-\ abort
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ctrl-R replace (global) ctrl-E redraw screen
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ctrl-L replace (line) ctrl-V get (Visit) new file
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Control characters cannot be entered into a file by typing them
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directly, because they are all used as editor commands. To enter a
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control character press and release Alt-Escape and then type the
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control character. Control characters in the text are displayed in
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reverse video.
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Searches in Mined use regular expressions.
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See also: mined(1), regular_expressions(5)
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(asw 24.01.96, based on Minix 1.5 Reference Manual)
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# man_pages
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Man_pages(5)
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Most Unix man commands use a database of individual files, one
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for each manual "page". Each section of the manual occupies a
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directory, man<section> and the man command searches through a preset
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list of such directories. Typically these files are formatted for
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processing by a text formatter such as nroff, and the man command pipes
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the files through the formatter. It is also common to have a set of
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cat<section> directories in which preformatted versions of frequently
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accessed man pages are kept.
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The Minix 1.5 man command uses text files which are concatenations of
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the individual man pages. The files are in the /usr/man directory, and
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are named /usr/man/man<n>. The <n> suffix is normally a single digit
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number, but longer strings may also be used. Within each man<n> file
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pages are delimited by a line with a "#" in the first column, followed
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by the various keywords by which the page may be retrieved. For each
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text file there is an index file, which allows the Minix 1.5 man
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command to display a menu of the available man commands in each
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section. Man builds new index files whenever it finds that a text file
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is newer than the corresponding index file.
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Originally Minix was distributed without any man text files in machine
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readable form, but with an extensive printed manual. As upgrades to
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Minix became available over the net there was also a need for updated
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man text, and man files are now available from various ftp sites. In
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addition, various add-ons to Minix have their own man pages.
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Man pages distributed over the net generally are in the standard Unix form
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of one file per subject, containing formatting commands for use with nroff
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and the /usr/lib/tmac/tmac.an macro page. Unfortunately many of the man
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pages that have been distributed over the net have been written on systems
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with much more sophisticated sets of macros than were distributed with
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Minix, so just using nroff -man to process such a page may not be adequate
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to make into readable text. There is a shell script, ast2man, that may
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help to convert some of the man pages written by Andrew Tanenbaum, but
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converting a man page received over the net to a form suitable for
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appending to one of the /usr/man/man<n> files may require some polishing
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with an editor.
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Once a file has been processed and edited, add a line of the form
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"# name1 name2 ..."
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to the beginning of the file and append it to the end of the appropriate
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/usr/man/man<n> file, and it will be indexed and appear in the menu page
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for that man file the next time man is invoked. There is, however, one
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"gotcha" in this: When building the index man only uses the first occurence
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of every "# name" line; so if you want to add a man page to replace an
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existing entry you must either put your new entry at the beginning of the file
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or edit the file to remove the old entry.
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The man pages in this version of Minix come from a variety of sources.
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Most of them were written by Andrew Tanenbaum and his collaborators.
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Many of these apply to modified versions of the original Minix commands
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that were released with upgrades to version 1.6, and the performance of
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individual commands may not be exactly as indicated in these man pages.
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Some pages have been rewritten by asw, or were written by asw and his
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students at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Nicaragua in 1993;
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there is an alternative man1esp page with entires in Spanish. Some
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were written by the authors of various add-ons to the original Minix
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1.5. In most cases the author and reviser of a page is indicated in
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the text; if no author is credited for a particular entry it was
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probably written by Andrew Tanenbaum.
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See also: man(1), man_sections(5), ast2man(8)
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(asw 14.02.95)
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