279 lines
8.4 KiB
HTML
279 lines
8.4 KiB
HTML
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<!-- Copyright (c) 2001 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved -->
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<title>asa</title>
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<basefont size="3"> <a name="asa"></a> <a name="tag_04_04"></a><!-- asa -->
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<!--header start-->
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<center><font size="2">The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6<br>
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IEEE Std 1003.1-2001<br>
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Copyright © 2001 The IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights reserved.</font></center>
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<!--header end-->
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<hr size="2" noshade>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_01"></a>NAME</h4>
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<blockquote>asa - interpret carriage-control characters</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_02"></a>SYNOPSIS</h4>
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<blockquote class="synopsis">
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<div class="box"><code><tt><sup>[<a href="javascript:open_code('FR')">FR</a>]</sup> <img src="../images/opt-start.gif" alt=
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"[Option Start]" border="0"> asa</tt> <b>[</b> <i>file</i> <tt>...</tt> <b>]</b><tt><img src="../images/opt-end.gif" alt=
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"[Option End]" border="0"></tt></code></div>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_03"></a>DESCRIPTION</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The <i>asa</i> utility shall write its input files to standard output, mapping carriage-control characters from the text files
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to line-printer control sequences in an implementation-defined manner.</p>
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<p>The first character of every line shall be removed from the input, and the following actions are performed.</p>
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<p>If the character removed is:</p>
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<dl compact>
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<dt><space></dt>
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<dd>The rest of the line is output without change.</dd>
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<dt>0</dt>
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<dd>A <newline> is output, then the rest of the input line.</dd>
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<dt>1</dt>
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<dd>One or more implementation-defined characters that causes an advance to the next page shall be output, followed by the rest of
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the input line.</dd>
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<dt><tt>+</tt></dt>
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<dd>The <newline> of the previous line shall be replaced with one or more implementation-defined characters that causes
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printing to return to column position 1, followed by the rest of the input line. If the <tt>'+'</tt> is the first character in the
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input, it shall be equivalent to <space>.</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>The action of the <i>asa</i> utility is unspecified upon encountering any character other than those listed above as the first
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character in a line.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_04"></a>OPTIONS</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>None.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_05"></a>OPERANDS</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<dl compact>
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<dt><i>file</i></dt>
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<dd>A pathname of a text file used for input. If no <i>file</i> operands are specified, the standard input shall be used.</dd>
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</dl>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_06"></a>STDIN</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The standard input shall be used only if no <i>file</i> operands are specified; see the INPUT FILES section.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_07"></a>INPUT FILES</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The input files shall be text files.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_08"></a>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The following environment variables shall affect the execution of <i>asa</i>:</p>
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<dl compact>
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<dt><i>LANG</i></dt>
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<dd>Provide a default value for the internationalization variables that are unset or null. (See the Base Definitions volume of
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IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, <a href="../basedefs/xbd_chap08.html#tag_08_02">Section 8.2, Internationalization Variables</a> for
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the precedence of internationalization variables used to determine the values of locale categories.)</dd>
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<dt><i>LC_ALL</i></dt>
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<dd>If set to a non-empty string value, override the values of all the other internationalization variables.</dd>
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<dt><i>LC_CTYPE</i></dt>
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<dd>Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of text data as characters (for example, single-byte as
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opposed to multi-byte characters in arguments and input files).</dd>
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<dt><i>LC_MESSAGES</i></dt>
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<dd>Determine the locale that should be used to affect the format and contents of diagnostic messages written to standard
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error.</dd>
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<dt><i>NLSPATH</i></dt>
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<dd><sup>[<a href="javascript:open_code('XSI')">XSI</a>]</sup> <img src="../images/opt-start.gif" alt="[Option Start]" border="0">
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Determine the location of message catalogs for the processing of <i>LC_MESSAGES .</i> <img src="../images/opt-end.gif" alt=
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"[Option End]" border="0"></dd>
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</dl>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_09"></a>ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>Default.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_10"></a>STDOUT</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The standard output shall be the text from the input file modified as described in the DESCRIPTION section.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_11"></a>STDERR</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>None.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_12"></a>OUTPUT FILES</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>None.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_13"></a>EXTENDED DESCRIPTION</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>None.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_14"></a>EXIT STATUS</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The following exit values shall be returned:</p>
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<dl compact>
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<dt> 0</dt>
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<dd>All input files were output successfully.</dd>
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<dt>>0</dt>
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<dd>An error occurred.</dd>
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</dl>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_15"></a>CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>Default.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<hr>
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<div class="box"><em>The following sections are informative.</em></div>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_16"></a>APPLICATION USAGE</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>None.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_17"></a>EXAMPLES</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<ol>
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<li>
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<p>The following command:</p>
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<pre>
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<tt>asa</tt> <i>file</i>
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</pre>
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<p>permits the viewing of <i>file</i> (created by a program using FORTRAN-style carriage-control characters) on a terminal.</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>The following command:</p>
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<pre>
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<tt>a.out | asa | lp
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</tt>
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</pre>
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<p>formats the FORTRAN output of <b>a.out</b> and directs it to the printer.</p>
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</li>
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</ol>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_18"></a>RATIONALE</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The <i>asa</i> utility is needed to map "standard" FORTRAN 77 output into a form acceptable to contemporary printers. Usually,
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<i>asa</i> is used to pipe data to the <a href="../utilities/lp.html"><i>lp</i></a> utility; see <a href=
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"../utilities/lp.html"><i>lp</i></a>.</p>
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<p>This utility is generally used only by FORTRAN programs. The standard developers decided to retain <i>asa</i> to avoid breaking
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the historical large base of FORTRAN applications that put carriage-control characters in their output files. There is no
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requirement that a system have a FORTRAN compiler in order to run applications that need <i>asa</i>.</p>
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<p>Historical implementations have used an ASCII <form-feed> in response to a 1 and an ASCII <carriage-return> in
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response to a <tt>'+'</tt> . It is suggested that implementations treat characters other than 0, 1, and <tt>'+'</tt> as
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<space> in the absence of any compelling reason to do otherwise. However, the action is listed here as "unspecified",
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permitting an implementation to provide extensions to access fast multiple-line slewing and channel seeking in a non-portable
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manner.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_19"></a>FUTURE DIRECTIONS</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>None.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_20"></a>SEE ALSO</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p><a href="fort77.html"><i>fort77</i></a> , <a href="lp.html"><i>lp</i></a></p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_21"></a>CHANGE HISTORY</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>First released in Issue 4.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_04_22"></a>Issue 6</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>This utility is marked as part of the FORTRAN Runtime Utilities option.</p>
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<p>The normative text is reworded to avoid use of the term "must" for application requirements.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<div class="box"><em>End of informative text.</em></div>
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<hr>
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<hr size="2" noshade>
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<center><font size="2"><!--footer start-->
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UNIX ® is a registered Trademark of The Open Group.<br>
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POSIX ® is a registered Trademark of The IEEE.<br>
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[ <a href="../mindex.html">Main Index</a> | <a href="../basedefs/contents.html">XBD</a> | <a href=
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"../utilities/contents.html">XCU</a> | <a href="../functions/contents.html">XSH</a> | <a href="../xrat/contents.html">XRAT</a>
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]</font></center>
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