155 lines
4.9 KiB
Groff
155 lines
4.9 KiB
Groff
.TH GCPIO 1
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.SH NAME
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cpio \- copy files to and from archives
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B cpio
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{\-o|+create} [\-0acvBLOV] [+null] [+reset-access-time] [+binary]
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[+portability] [+verbose] [+block-size=blocks] [+dereference]
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[\-F [[user@]host:]archive] [+file=[[user@]host:]archive] [+version]
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< name-list [> archive]
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.B cpio
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{-i|+extract} [\-cdfmnrtuvBOV] [+binary] [+portability]
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[+make-directories] [+nonmatching] [+preserve-modification-time]
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[+numeric-uid-gid] [+rename] [+list] [+unconditional] [+verbose]
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[\-F [[user@]host:]archive] [+file=[[user@]host:]archive]
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[+block-size=blocks] [+version] [pattern...] [< archive]
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.B cpio
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{-p|+pass-through} [\-0adlLmuvV] [+null] [+reset-access-time]
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[+make-directories] [+link] [+preserve-modification-time]
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[+unconditional] [+verbose] [+dereference] [+version]
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destination-directory < name-list
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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This manual page
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documents the GNU version of
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.BR cpio .
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.B cpio
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copies files into or out of a cpio archive, which is a file that
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contains other files plus information about them, such as their
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pathname, owner, timestamps, and access permissions. The archive can
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be another file on the disk, a magnetic tape, or a pipe.
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.B cpio
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has three operating modes.
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.PP
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In copy-out mode,
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.B cpio
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copies files into an archive. It reads a list of filenames, one per
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line, on the standard input, and writes the archive onto the standard
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output.
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.PP
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In copy-in mode,
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.B cpio
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copies files out of an archive or lists the archive contents. It
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reads the archive from the standard input. Any non-option command
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line arguments are shell globbing patterns; only files in the archive
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whose names match one or more of those patterns are copied from the
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archive. Unlike in the shell, an initial `.' in a filename does
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match a wildcard at the start of a pattern, and a `/' in a filename
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can match wildcards. If no patterns are given, all files are
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extracted.
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.PP
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In copy-pass mode,
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.B cpio
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copies files from one directory tree to another, combining the
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copy-out and copy-in steps without actually using an archive.
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It reads the list of files to copy from the standard input; the
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directory into which it will copy them is given as a non-option
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argument.
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.PP
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Two cpio archive formats exist: binary and ASCII. The binary format
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is obsolete because it encodes information about the files in a way
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that is not portable between different machine architectures.
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However,
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.B cpio
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recognizes which kind of archive it is reading automatically and can
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read archives created on machines with a different byte-order.
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By default, it creates binary format archives, for compatibility with
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older
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.B cpio
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programs.
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.PP
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Some of the options to
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.B cpio
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apply only to certain operating modes; see the SYNOPSIS section for a
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list of which options are allowed in which modes.
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.SS OPTIONS
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.TP
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.I "\-0, +null"
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In copy-out and copy-pass modes, read a list of filenames terminated
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by a null character instead of a newline, so that files whose names
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contain newlines can be archived. GNU
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.B find
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is one way to produce a list of null-terminated filenames.
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.TP
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.I "\-a, +reset-access-time"
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Reset the access times of files after reading them, so that it does
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not look like they have just been read.
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.TP
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.I "\-B"
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Set the I/O block size to 5120 bytes. Initially the block size is 512
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bytes.
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.TP
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.I "+block-size=BLOCK-SIZE"
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Set the I/O block size to BLOCK-SIZE bytes.
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.TP
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.I "\-c, +portability"
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Use the portable (ASCII) archive format.
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.TP
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.I "\-d, +make-directories"
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Create leading directories where needed.
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.TP
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.I "\-f, +nonmatching"
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Only copy files that do not match any of the given patterns.
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.TP
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.I "\-F, +file=archive"
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Archive filename to use instead of standard input or output. To use a
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tape drive on another machine as the archive, use a filename that
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starts with `HOSTNAME:/dev/'. The hostname can be preceded by a
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username and an `@' to access the remote tape drive as that user, if
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you have permission to do so (typically an entry in that user's
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`~/.rhosts' file).
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.TP
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.I "\-i, +extract"
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Run in copy-in mode.
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.TP
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.I "\-l, +link"
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Link files instead of copying them, when possible.
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.TP
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.I "\-L, +dereference"
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Dereference symbolic links (copy the files that they point to instead
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of copying the links).
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.TP
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.I "\-m, +preserve-modification-time"
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Retain previous file modification times when creating files.
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.TP
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.I "\-n, +numeric-uid-gid"
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In the verbose table of contents listing, show numeric UID and GID
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instead of translating them into names.
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.TP
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.I "\-o, +create"
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Run in copy-out mode.
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.TP
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.I "\-O, +binary"
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Use the old endian-dependent (binary) archive format.
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.TP
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.I "\-p, +pass-through"
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Run in copy-pass mode.
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.TP
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.I "\-r, +rename"
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Interactively rename files.
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.TP
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.I "\-t, +list"
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Print a table of contents of the input.
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.TP
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.I "\-u, +unconditional"
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Replace all files, without asking whether to replace existing newer
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files with older files.
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.TP
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.I "\-v, +verbose"
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List the files processed, or give an `ls \-l' style table of contents
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listing.
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.TP
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.I "\-V, +version"
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Print the cpio program version and exit.
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