256 lines
5.2 KiB
Groff
256 lines
5.2 KiB
Groff
.\"
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.\" $Id: english.4,v 1.4 89/04/28 01:07:38 geoff Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright 1987, 1988, 1989, by Geoff Kuenning, Manhattan Beach, CA
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.\" Permission for non-profit use is hereby granted.
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.\" All other rights reserved.
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.\" See "version.h" for a more complete copyright notice.
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.\"
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.\" $Log: english.4,v $
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.\" Revision 1.4 89/04/28 01:07:38 geoff
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.\" Change Header to Id; nobody cares about my pathnames.
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.\" Revision 1.3 88/12/26 02:23:51 geoff
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.\" Update the copyright notice.
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.\" Revision 1.2 87/09/14 22:38:07 geoff
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.\" Add copyright comments
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.\" Revision 1.1 87/09/09 20:02:46 geoff
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.\" Initial revision
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.\" Revision 1.1 87/05/30 16:50:28 geoff
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.\" Initial revision
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.\"
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.TH ENGLISH 4
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.SH NAME
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english \- flag format for English \fIispell\fP dictionaries
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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English dictionaries for
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.IR ispell (1)
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supports 3 prefix and 14 suffix flags.
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For a detailed description of how
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.I ispell
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handles flags and capitalization, see
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.IR ispell (4).
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This manual page only describes flags usable in dictionaries built
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using the
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.I english.aff
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affix file.
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.PP
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In the following discussion of the flags,
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let # and @ be "variables" that can stand for any letter.
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Upper case letters are constants.
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"..." stands for any string of zero or more
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letters, but note that no word may exist in the dictionary which is not at
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least 2 letters long, so, for example, "fly" may not be produced by placing
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the "Y" flag on "f".
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Also, no flag is effective unless the word that it
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creates is at least 4 letters long, so, for example, "wed" may not be
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produced by placing the "D" flag on "we".
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.PP
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In the following list, an asterisk indicates that a flag participates in
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cross-product formation (see
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.IR ispell (4)).
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.PP
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The meaning of the prefix flags is as follows:
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.IP "*A"
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.in +5m
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.ti -5m
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\&... --> re... as in cover --> recover
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.in -5m
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.IP "*I"
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.in +5m
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.ti -5m
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\&... --> in... as in firm --> infirm
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.in -5m
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.IP "*U"
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.in +5m
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.ti -5m
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\&... --> un... as in able --> unable
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.in -5m
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.PP
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The meaning of the suffix flags is as follows:
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.IP "V"
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.in +5m
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.ti -5m
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\&...e --> ...ive as in create --> creative
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.br
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.ti -5m
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if # .ne. e, ...# --> ...#ive as in prevent --> preventive
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.in -5m
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.IP "*N"
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.in +5m
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.ti -5m
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\&...e --> ...ion as in create --> creation
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.br
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.ti -5m
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\&...y --> ...ication as in multiply --> multiplication
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.br
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.ti -5m
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if # .ne. e or y, ...# --> ...#en as in fall --> fallen
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.in -5m
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.IP "*X"
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.in +5m
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.ti -5m
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\&...e --> ...ions as in create --> creations
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.br
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.ti -5m
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\&...y --> ...ications as in multiply --> multiplications
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.br
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.ti -5m
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if # .ne. e or y, ...# --> ...#ens as in weak --> weakens
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.in -5m
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.IP "H"
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.in +5m
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.ti -5m
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\&...y --> ...ieth as in twenty --> twentieth
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.br
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.ti -5m
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if # .ne. y, ...# --> ...#th as in hundred --> hundredth
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.in -5m
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.IP "*Y"
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.in +5m
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.ti -5m
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\&... --> ...ly as in quick --> quickly
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.in -5m
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.IP "*G"
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.in +5m
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.ti -5m
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\&...e --> ...ing as in file --> filing
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.br
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.ti -5m
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if # .ne. e, ...# --> ...#ing as in cross --> crossing
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.in -5m
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.IP "*J"
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.in +5m
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.ti -5m
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\&...e --> ...ings as in file --> filings
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.br
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.ti -5m
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if # .ne. e, ...# --> ...#ings as in cross --> crossings
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.in -5m
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.IP "*D"
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.in +5m
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.ti -5m
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\&...e --> ...ed as in create --> created
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.br
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.ti -5m
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.br
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.ti -5m
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if @ .ne. a, e, i, o, or u,
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\&...@y --> ...@ied as in imply --> implied
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.br
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.ti -5m
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if # .ne. e or y, or (# = y and @ = a, e, i, o, or u)
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\&...@# --> ...@#ed as in cross --> crossed
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or convey --> conveyed
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.in -5m
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.IP "T"
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.in +5m
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.ti -5m
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\&...e --> ...est as in late --> latest
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.br
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.ti -5m
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if @ .ne. a, e, i, o, or u,
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\&...@y --> ...@iest as in dirty --> dirtiest
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.br
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.ti -5m
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if # .ne. e or y, or (# = y and @ = a, e, i, o, or u)
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\&...@# --> ...@#est as in small --> smallest
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or gray --> grayest
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.in -5m
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.IP "*R"
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.in +5m
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.ti -5m
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\&...e --> ...er as in skate --> skater
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.br
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.ti -5m
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if @ .ne. a, e, i, o, or u,
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\&...@y --> ...@ier as in multiply --> multiplier
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.br
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.ti -5m
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if # .ne. e or y, or (# = y and @ = a, e, i, o, or u)
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\&...@# --> ...@#er as in build --> builder
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or convey --> conveyer
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.in -5m
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.IP "*Z"
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.in +5m
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.ti -5m
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\&...e --> ...ers as in skate --> skaters
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.br
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.ti -5m
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if @ .ne. a, e, i, o, or u,
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\&...@y --> ...@iers as in multiply --> multipliers
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.br
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.ti -5m
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if # .ne. e or y, or (# = y and @ = a, e, i, o, or u)
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\&...@# --> ...@#ers as in build --> builders
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or slay --> slayers
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.in -5m
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.IP "*S"
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.in +5m
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.ti -5m
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if @ .ne. a, e, i, o, or u,
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\&...@y --> ...@ies as in imply --> implies
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.br
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.ti -5m
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if # .eq. s, x, z, or h,
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\&...# --> ...#es as in fix --> fixes
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.br
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.ti -5m
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if # .ne. s, x, z, h, or y, or (# = y and @ = a, e, i, o, or u)
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\&...@# --> ...@#s as in bat --> bats
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or convey --> conveys
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.in -5m
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.I*P "P"
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.in +5m
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.ti -5m
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if @ .ne. a, e, i, o, or u,
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\&...@y --> ...@iness as in cloudy --> cloudiness
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.br
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.ti -5m
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if # .ne. y, or @ = a, e, i, o, or u,
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\&...@# --> ...@#ness as in late --> lateness
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or gray --> grayness
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.in -5m
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.IP "*M"
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.in +5m
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.ti -5m
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\&... --> ...'s as in dog --> dog's
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.in -5m
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.PP
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To summarize more briefly:
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.PP
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Prefixes:
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.RS
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.nf
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*A \- re
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*I \- in
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*U \- un
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.fi
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.RE
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.PP
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Suffixes:
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.RS
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.nf
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V \- ive
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*N \- ion, tion, en
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*X \- ions, ications, ens
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H \- th, ieth
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*Y \- ly
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*G \- ing
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*J \- ings
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*D \- ed
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T \- est
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*R \- er
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*Z \- ers
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*S \- s, es, ies
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*P \- ness, iness
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*M \- 's
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.fi
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.RE
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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ispell(1), ispell(4)
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