308 lines
9.7 KiB
HTML
308 lines
9.7 KiB
HTML
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<!-- Copyright (c) 2001 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved -->
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<title>sendto</title>
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<body bgcolor="white">
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<basefont size="3"> <a name="sendto"></a> <a name="tag_03_643"></a><!-- sendto -->
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<!--header start-->
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<center><font size="2">The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6<br>
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IEEE Std 1003.1-2001<br>
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Copyright © 2001 The IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights reserved.</font></center>
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<!--header end-->
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<hr size="2" noshade>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_643_01"></a>NAME</h4>
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<blockquote>sendto - send a message on a socket</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_643_02"></a>SYNOPSIS</h4>
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<blockquote class="synopsis">
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<p><code><tt>#include <<a href="../basedefs/sys/socket.h.html">sys/socket.h</a>><br>
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<br>
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ssize_t sendto(int</tt> <i>socket</i><tt>, const void *</tt><i>message</i><tt>, size_t</tt> <i>length</i><tt>,<br>
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int</tt> <i>flags</i><tt>, const struct sockaddr *</tt><i>dest_addr</i><tt>,<br>
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socklen_t</tt> <i>dest_len</i><tt>);<br>
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</tt></code></p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_643_03"></a>DESCRIPTION</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The <i>sendto</i>() function shall send a message through a connection-mode or connectionless-mode socket. If the socket is
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connectionless-mode, the message shall be sent to the address specified by <i>dest_addr</i>. If the socket is connection-mode,
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<i>dest_addr</i> shall be ignored.</p>
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<p>The <i>sendto</i>() function takes the following arguments:</p>
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<dl compact>
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<dt><i>socket</i></dt>
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<dd>Specifies the socket file descriptor.</dd>
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<dt><i>message</i></dt>
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<dd>Points to a buffer containing the message to be sent.</dd>
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<dt><i>length</i></dt>
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<dd>Specifies the size of the message in bytes.</dd>
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<dt><i>flags</i></dt>
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<dd>Specifies the type of message transmission. Values of this argument are formed by logically OR'ing zero or more of the
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following flags:
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<dl compact>
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<dt>MSG_EOR</dt>
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<dd>Terminates a record (if supported by the protocol).</dd>
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<dt>MSG_OOB</dt>
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<dd>Sends out-of-band data on sockets that support out-of-band data. The significance and semantics of out-of-band data are
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protocol-specific.</dd>
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</dl>
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</dd>
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<dt><i>dest_addr</i></dt>
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<dd>Points to a <b>sockaddr</b> structure containing the destination address. The length and format of the address depend on the
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address family of the socket.</dd>
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<dt><i>dest_len</i></dt>
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<dd>Specifies the length of the <b>sockaddr</b> structure pointed to by the <i>dest_addr</i> argument.</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>If the socket protocol supports broadcast and the specified address is a broadcast address for the socket protocol,
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<i>sendto</i>() shall fail if the SO_BROADCAST option is not set for the socket.</p>
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<p>The <i>dest_addr</i> argument specifies the address of the target. The <i>length</i> argument specifies the length of the
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message.</p>
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<p>Successful completion of a call to <i>sendto</i>() does not guarantee delivery of the message. A return value of -1 indicates
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only locally-detected errors.</p>
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<p>If space is not available at the sending socket to hold the message to be transmitted and the socket file descriptor does not
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have O_NONBLOCK set, <i>sendto</i>() shall block until space is available. If space is not available at the sending socket to hold
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the message to be transmitted and the socket file descriptor does have O_NONBLOCK set, <i>sendto</i>() shall fail.</p>
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<p>The socket in use may require the process to have appropriate privileges to use the <i>sendto</i>() function.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_643_04"></a>RETURN VALUE</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>Upon successful completion, <i>sendto</i>() shall return the number of bytes sent. Otherwise, -1 shall be returned and
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<i>errno</i> set to indicate the error.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_643_05"></a>ERRORS</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The <i>sendto</i>() function shall fail if:</p>
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<dl compact>
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<dt>[EAFNOSUPPORT]</dt>
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<dd>
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Addresses in the specified address family cannot be used with this socket.</dd>
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<dt>[EAGAIN] or [EWOULDBLOCK]</dt>
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<dd>
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The socket's file descriptor is marked O_NONBLOCK and the requested operation would block.</dd>
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<dt>[EBADF]</dt>
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<dd>The <i>socket</i> argument is not a valid file descriptor.</dd>
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<dt>[ECONNRESET]</dt>
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<dd>A connection was forcibly closed by a peer.</dd>
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<dt>[EINTR]</dt>
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<dd>A signal interrupted <i>sendto</i>() before any data was transmitted.</dd>
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<dt>[EMSGSIZE]</dt>
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<dd>The message is too large to be sent all at once, as the socket requires.</dd>
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<dt>[ENOTCONN]</dt>
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<dd>The socket is connection-mode but is not connected.</dd>
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<dt>[ENOTSOCK]</dt>
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<dd>The <i>socket</i> argument does not refer to a socket.</dd>
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<dt>[EOPNOTSUPP]</dt>
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<dd>The <i>socket</i> argument is associated with a socket that does not support one or more of the values set in
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<i>flags</i>.</dd>
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<dt>[EPIPE]</dt>
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<dd>The socket is shut down for writing, or the socket is connection-mode and is no longer connected. In the latter case, and if
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the socket is of type SOCK_STREAM, the SIGPIPE signal is generated to the calling thread.</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>If the address family of the socket is AF_UNIX, then <i>sendto</i>() shall fail if:</p>
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<dl compact>
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<dt>[EIO]</dt>
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<dd>An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.</dd>
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<dt>[ELOOP]</dt>
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<dd>A loop exists in symbolic links encountered during resolution of the pathname in the socket address.</dd>
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<dt>[ENAMETOOLONG]</dt>
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<dd>
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A component of a pathname exceeded {NAME_MAX} characters, or an entire pathname exceeded {PATH_MAX} characters.</dd>
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<dt>[ENOENT]</dt>
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<dd>A component of the pathname does not name an existing file or the pathname is an empty string.</dd>
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<dt>[ENOTDIR]</dt>
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<dd>A component of the path prefix of the pathname in the socket address is not a directory.</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>The <i>sendto</i>() function may fail if:</p>
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<dl compact>
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<dt>[EACCES]</dt>
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<dd>Search permission is denied for a component of the path prefix; or write access to the named socket is denied.</dd>
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<dt>[EDESTADDRREQ]</dt>
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<dd>
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The socket is not connection-mode and does not have its peer address set, and no destination address was specified.</dd>
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<dt>[EHOSTUNREACH]</dt>
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<dd>
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The destination host cannot be reached (probably because the host is down or a remote router cannot reach it).</dd>
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<dt>[EINVAL]</dt>
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<dd>The <i>dest_len</i> argument is not a valid length for the address family.</dd>
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<dt>[EIO]</dt>
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<dd>An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.</dd>
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<dt>[EISCONN]</dt>
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<dd>A destination address was specified and the socket is already connected. This error may or may not be returned for connection
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mode sockets.</dd>
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<dt>[ENETDOWN]</dt>
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<dd>The local network interface used to reach the destination is down.</dd>
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<dt>[ENETUNREACH]</dt>
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<dd>
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No route to the network is present.</dd>
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<dt>[ENOBUFS]</dt>
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<dd>Insufficient resources were available in the system to perform the operation.</dd>
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<dt>[ENOMEM]</dt>
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<dd>Insufficient memory was available to fulfill the request.</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>If the address family of the socket is AF_UNIX, then <i>sendto</i>() may fail if:</p>
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<dl compact>
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<dt>[ELOOP]</dt>
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<dd>More than {SYMLOOP_MAX} symbolic links were encountered during resolution of the pathname in the socket address.</dd>
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<dt>[ENAMETOOLONG]</dt>
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<dd>
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Pathname resolution of a symbolic link produced an intermediate result whose length exceeds {PATH_MAX}.</dd>
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</dl>
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</blockquote>
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<hr>
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<div class="box"><em>The following sections are informative.</em></div>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_643_06"></a>EXAMPLES</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>None.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_643_07"></a>APPLICATION USAGE</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The <a href="../functions/select.html"><i>select</i>()</a> and <a href="../functions/poll.html"><i>poll</i>()</a> functions can
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be used to determine when it is possible to send more data.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_643_08"></a>RATIONALE</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>None.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_643_09"></a>FUTURE DIRECTIONS</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>None.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_643_10"></a>SEE ALSO</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p><a href="getsockopt.html"><i>getsockopt</i>()</a> , <a href="poll.html"><i>poll</i>()</a> , <a href=
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"recv.html"><i>recv</i>()</a> , <a href="recvfrom.html"><i>recvfrom</i>()</a> , <a href="recvmsg.html"><i>recvmsg</i>()</a> , <a
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href="select.html"><i>select</i>()</a> , <a href="send.html"><i>send</i>()</a> , <a href="sendmsg.html"><i>sendmsg</i>()</a> , <a
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href="setsockopt.html"><i>setsockopt</i>()</a> , <a href="shutdown.html"><i>shutdown</i>()</a> , <a href=
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"socket.html"><i>socket</i>()</a> , the Base Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, <a href=
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"../basedefs/sys/socket.h.html"><i><sys/socket.h></i></a></p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_03_643_11"></a>CHANGE HISTORY</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>First released in Issue 6. Derived from the XNS, Issue 5.2 specification.</p>
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<p>The wording of the mandatory [ELOOP] error condition is updated, and a second optional [ELOOP] error condition is added.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<div class="box"><em>End of informative text.</em></div>
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<hr>
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UNIX ® is a registered Trademark of The Open Group.<br>
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POSIX ® is a registered Trademark of The IEEE.<br>
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