307 lines
11 KiB
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307 lines
11 KiB
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<!-- Copyright (c) 2001 The Open Group, All Rights Reserved -->
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<title>batch</title>
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<basefont size="3"> <a name="batch"></a> <a name="tag_04_08"></a><!-- batch -->
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<!--header start-->
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<center><font size="2">The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6<br>
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IEEE Std 1003.1-2001<br>
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Copyright © 2001 The IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights reserved.</font></center>
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<!--header end-->
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<hr size="2" noshade>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_01"></a>NAME</h4>
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<blockquote>batch - schedule commands to be executed in a batch queue</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_02"></a>SYNOPSIS</h4>
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<blockquote class="synopsis">
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<div class="box"><code><tt><sup>[<a href="javascript:open_code('UP')">UP</a>]</sup> <img src="../images/opt-start.gif" alt=
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"[Option Start]" border="0"></tt> <i>batch</i><tt><img src="../images/opt-end.gif" alt="[Option End]" border="0"></tt></code></div>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_03"></a>DESCRIPTION</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The <i>batch</i> utility shall read commands from standard input and schedule them for execution in a batch queue. It shall be
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the equivalent of the command:</p>
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<pre>
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<tt>at -q b -m now
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</tt>
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</pre>
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<p>where queue <i>b</i> is a special <a href="../utilities/at.html"><i>at</i></a> queue, specifically for batch jobs. Batch jobs
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shall be submitted to the batch queue with no time constraints and shall be run by the system using algorithms, based on
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unspecified factors, that may vary with each invocation of <i>batch</i>.</p>
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<p><sup>[<a href="javascript:open_code('XSI')">XSI</a>]</sup> <img src="../images/opt-start.gif" alt="[Option Start]" border="0">
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Users shall be permitted to use <i>batch</i> if their name appears in the file <b>/usr/lib/cron/at.allow</b>. If that file does not
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exist, the file <b>/usr/lib/cron/at.deny</b> shall be checked to determine whether the user shall be denied access to <i>batch</i>.
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If neither file exists, only a process with the appropriate privileges shall be allowed to submit a job. If only <b>at.deny</b>
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exists and is empty, global usage shall be permitted. The <b>at.allow</b> and <b>at.deny</b> files shall consist of one user name
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per line. <img src="../images/opt-end.gif" alt="[Option End]" border="0"></p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_04"></a>OPTIONS</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>None.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_05"></a>OPERANDS</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>None.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_06"></a>STDIN</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The standard input shall be a text file consisting of commands acceptable to the shell command language described in <a href=
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"xcu_chap02.html#tag_02"><i>Shell Command Language</i></a> .</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_07"></a>INPUT FILES</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p><sup>[<a href="javascript:open_code('XSI')">XSI</a>]</sup> <img src="../images/opt-start.gif" alt="[Option Start]" border="0">
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The text files <b>/usr/lib/cron/at.allow</b> and <b>/usr/lib/cron/at.deny</b> shall contain zero or more user names, one per line,
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of users who are, respectively, authorized or denied access to the <a href="../utilities/at.html"><i>at</i></a> and <i>batch</i>
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utilities. <img src="../images/opt-end.gif" alt="[Option End]" border="0"></p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_08"></a>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The following environment variables shall affect the execution of <i>batch</i>:</p>
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<dl compact>
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<dt><i>LANG</i></dt>
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<dd>Provide a default value for the internationalization variables that are unset or null. (See the Base Definitions volume of
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IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, <a href="../basedefs/xbd_chap08.html#tag_08_02">Section 8.2, Internationalization Variables</a> for
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the precedence of internationalization variables used to determine the values of locale categories.)</dd>
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<dt><i>LC_ALL</i></dt>
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<dd>If set to a non-empty string value, override the values of all the other internationalization variables.</dd>
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<dt><i>LC_CTYPE</i></dt>
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<dd>Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of text data as characters (for example, single-byte as
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opposed to multi-byte characters in arguments and input files).</dd>
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<dt><i>LC_MESSAGES</i></dt>
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<dd>Determine the locale that should be used to affect the format and contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error and
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informative messages written to standard output.</dd>
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<dt><i>LC_TIME</i></dt>
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<dd>Determine the format and contents for date and time strings written by <i>batch</i>.</dd>
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<dt><i>NLSPATH</i></dt>
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<dd><sup>[<a href="javascript:open_code('XSI')">XSI</a>]</sup> <img src="../images/opt-start.gif" alt="[Option Start]" border="0">
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Determine the location of message catalogs for the processing of <i>LC_MESSAGES .</i> <img src="../images/opt-end.gif" alt=
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"[Option End]" border="0"></dd>
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<dt><i>SHELL</i></dt>
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<dd>Determine the name of a command interpreter to be used to invoke the at-job. If the variable is unset or null, <a href=
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"../utilities/sh.html"><i>sh</i></a> shall be used. If it is set to a value other than a name for <a href=
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"../utilities/sh.html"><i>sh</i></a>, the implementation shall do one of the following: use that shell; use <a href=
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"../utilities/sh.html"><i>sh</i></a>; use the login shell from the user database; any of the preceding accompanied by a warning
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diagnostic about which was chosen.</dd>
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<dt><i>TZ</i></dt>
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<dd>Determine the timezone. The job shall be submitted for execution at the time specified by <i>timespec</i> or <b>-t</b>
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<i>time</i> relative to the timezone specified by the <i>TZ</i> variable. If <i>timespec</i> specifies a timezone, it overrides
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<i>TZ .</i> If <i>timespec</i> does not specify a timezone and <i>TZ</i> is unset or null, an unspecified default timezone shall be
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used.</dd>
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</dl>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_09"></a>ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>Default.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_10"></a>STDOUT</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>When standard input is a terminal, prompts of unspecified format for each line of the user input described in the STDIN section
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may be written to standard output.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_11"></a>STDERR</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The following shall be written to standard error when a job has been successfully submitted:</p>
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<pre>
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<tt>"job %s at %s\n",</tt> <i>at_job_id</i><tt>, <</tt><i>date</i><tt>>
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</tt>
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</pre>
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<p>where <i>date</i> shall be equivalent in format to the output of:</p>
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<pre>
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<tt>date +"%a %b %e %T %Y"
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</tt>
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</pre>
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<p>The date and time written shall be adjusted so that they appear in the timezone of the user (as determined by the <i>TZ</i>
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variable).</p>
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<p>Neither this, nor warning messages concerning the selection of the command interpreter, are considered a diagnostic that changes
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the exit status.</p>
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<p>Diagnostic messages, if any, shall be written to standard error.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_12"></a>OUTPUT FILES</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>None.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_13"></a>EXTENDED DESCRIPTION</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>None.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_14"></a>EXIT STATUS</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The following exit values shall be returned:</p>
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<dl compact>
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<dt> 0</dt>
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<dd>Successful completion.</dd>
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<dt>>0</dt>
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<dd>An error occurred.</dd>
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</dl>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_15"></a>CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>The job shall not be scheduled.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<hr>
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<div class="box"><em>The following sections are informative.</em></div>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_16"></a>APPLICATION USAGE</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>It may be useful to redirect standard output within the specified commands.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_17"></a>EXAMPLES</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<ol>
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<li>
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<p>This sequence can be used at a terminal:</p>
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<pre>
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<tt>batch
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sort < file >outfile
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EOT
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</tt>
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</pre>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>This sequence, which demonstrates redirecting standard error to a pipe, is useful in a command procedure (the sequence of output
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redirection specifications is significant):</p>
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<pre>
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<tt>batch <<
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! diff file1 file2 2>&1 >outfile | mailx mygroup
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!
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</tt>
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</pre>
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</li>
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</ol>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_18"></a>RATIONALE</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>Early proposals described <i>batch</i> in a manner totally separated from <a href="../utilities/at.html"><i>at</i></a>, even
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though the historical model treated it almost as a synonym for <a href="../utilities/at.html"><i>at</i></a> <b>-qb</b>. A number of
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features were added to list and control batch work separately from those in <a href="../utilities/at.html"><i>at</i></a>. Upon
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further reflection, it was decided that the benefit of this did not merit the change to the historical interface.</p>
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<p>The <b>-m</b> option was included on the equivalent <a href="../utilities/at.html"><i>at</i></a> command because it is
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historical practice to mail results to the submitter, even if all job-produced output is redirected. As explained in the RATIONALE
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for <a href="../utilities/at.html"><i>at</i></a>, the <b>now</b> keyword submits the job for immediate execution (after scheduling
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delays), despite some historical systems where <a href="../utilities/at.html"><i>at</i></a> <b>now</b> would have been considered
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an error.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_19"></a>FUTURE DIRECTIONS</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>None.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_20"></a>SEE ALSO</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p><a href="at.html"><i>at</i></a></p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_21"></a>CHANGE HISTORY</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>First released in Issue 2.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<h4><a name="tag_04_08_22"></a>Issue 6</h4>
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<blockquote>
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<p>This utility is marked as part of the User Portability Utilities option.</p>
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<p>The NAME is changed to align with the IEEE P1003.2b draft standard.</p>
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<p>The normative text is reworded to avoid use of the term "must" for application requirements.</p>
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</blockquote>
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<div class="box"><em>End of informative text.</em></div>
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<hr>
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<hr size="2" noshade>
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<center><font size="2"><!--footer start-->
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UNIX ® is a registered Trademark of The Open Group.<br>
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POSIX ® is a registered Trademark of The IEEE.<br>
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