From 7090c05447afc6ebc6603953d6a06f1ee7af5ab5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: oldlinux-web <160371214+oldlinux-web@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Mar 2024 14:54:16 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] Fix character coding problem

---
 Book-Lite/code-list/html/P-all.html  | 38120 ++++++++++++-------------
 Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-1.html  |   642 +-
 Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-10.html |   608 +-
 Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-11.html |   634 +-
 Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-12.html |   626 +-
 Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-2.html  |   622 +-
 Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-3.html  |   622 +-
 Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-4.html  |   622 +-
 Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-5.html  |   606 +-
 Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-6.html  |   632 +-
 Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-7.html  |   924 +-
 Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-8.html  |   672 +-
 Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-9.html  |   622 +-
 Book-Lite/code-list/html/P16-1.html  |   922 +-
 14 files changed, 23437 insertions(+), 23437 deletions(-)
diff --git a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P-all.html b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P-all.html
index 490f046..4c60415 100644
--- a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P-all.html
+++ b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P-all.html
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 <head>
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312">
 <meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 14 (filtered)">
-<title>Linux����ϵͳʵ��ԭ��</title>
+<title>Linux操作系统实现原理</title>
 <style>
 <!--
  /* Font Definitions */
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 	{font-family:Batang;
 	panose-1:2 3 6 0 0 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:宋体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
 	{font-family:PMingLiU;
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
 	{font-family:Dotum;
 	panose-1:2 11 6 0 0 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
 	{font-family:MingLiU;
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
 	{font-family:Calibri;
 	panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	{font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 @font-face
 	{font-family:Marlett;
 	panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
@@ -220,10 +220,10 @@
 	{font-family:"Microsoft Tai Le";
 	panose-1:2 11 5 2 4 2 4 2 2 3;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:΢���ź�;
+	{font-family:微软雅黑;
 	panose-1:2 11 5 3 2 2 4 2 2 4;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@΢���ź�";
+	{font-family:"\@微软雅黑";
 	panose-1:2 11 5 3 2 2 4 2 2 4;}
 @font-face
 	{font-family:"Microsoft YaHei UI";
@@ -232,10 +232,10 @@
 	{font-family:"\@Microsoft YaHei UI";
 	panose-1:2 11 5 3 2 2 4 2 2 4;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"΢���ź� Light";
+	{font-family:"微软雅黑 Light";
 	panose-1:2 11 5 2 4 2 4 2 2 3;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@΢���ź� Light";
+	{font-family:"\@微软雅黑 Light";
 	panose-1:2 11 5 2 4 2 4 2 2 3;}
 @font-face
 	{font-family:"Microsoft YaHei UI Light";
@@ -331,13 +331,13 @@
 	{font-family:"Segoe UI Symbol";
 	panose-1:2 11 5 2 4 2 4 2 2 3;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@宋体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:������;
+	{font-family:新宋体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@������";
+	{font-family:"\@新宋体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
 	{font-family:SimSun-ExtB;
@@ -418,31 +418,31 @@
 	{font-family:"\@Yu Gothic UI Semilight";
 	panose-1:2 11 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:等线;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@等线";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"���� Light";
+	{font-family:"等线 Light";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@���� Light";
+	{font-family:"\@等线 Light";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:仿宋;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@仿宋";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:楷体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@楷体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@黑体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
 	{font-family:"AR BERKLEY";
@@ -484,88 +484,88 @@
 	{font-family:"AR JULIAN";
 	panose-1:2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:��������;
+	{font-family:方正舒体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 1 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@��������";
+	{font-family:"\@方正舒体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 1 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����Ҧ��;
+	{font-family:方正姚体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 1 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����Ҧ��";
+	{font-family:"\@方正姚体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 1 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:隶书;
 	panose-1:2 1 5 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@隶书";
 	panose-1:2 1 5 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:���Ĳ���;
+	{font-family:华文彩云;
 	panose-1:2 1 8 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@���Ĳ���";
+	{font-family:"\@华文彩云";
 	panose-1:2 1 8 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:���ķ���;
+	{font-family:华文仿宋;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@���ķ���";
+	{font-family:"\@华文仿宋";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:��������;
+	{font-family:华文琥珀;
 	panose-1:2 1 8 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@��������";
+	{font-family:"\@华文琥珀";
 	panose-1:2 1 8 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:���Ŀ���;
+	{font-family:华文楷体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@���Ŀ���";
+	{font-family:"\@华文楷体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:��������;
+	{font-family:华文隶书;
 	panose-1:2 1 8 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@��������";
+	{font-family:"\@华文隶书";
 	panose-1:2 1 8 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:��������;
+	{font-family:华文宋体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@��������";
+	{font-family:"\@华文宋体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����ϸ��;
+	{font-family:华文细黑;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����ϸ��";
+	{font-family:"\@华文细黑";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:�����п�;
+	{font-family:华文行楷;
 	panose-1:2 1 8 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@�����п�";
+	{font-family:"\@华文行楷";
 	panose-1:2 1 8 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:������κ;
+	{font-family:华文新魏;
 	panose-1:2 1 8 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@������κ";
+	{font-family:"\@华文新魏";
 	panose-1:2 1 8 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:��������;
+	{font-family:华文中宋;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@��������";
+	{font-family:"\@华文中宋";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 4 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:��Բ;
+	{font-family:幼圆;
 	panose-1:2 1 5 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@��Բ";
+	{font-family:"\@幼圆";
 	panose-1:2 1 5 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
 	{font-family:"MT Extra";
@@ -931,13 +931,13 @@
 	{font-family:04b_21;
 	panose-1:0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:������ͤ��ϸ�ڼ���;
+	{font-family:方正兰亭超细黑简体;
 	panose-1:2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@������ͤ��ϸ�ڼ���";
+	{font-family:"\@方正兰亭超细黑简体";
 	panose-1:2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����С���μ���";}
+	{font-family:"\@方正小标宋简体";}
  /* Style Definitions */
  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
 	{margin:0cm;
@@ -945,7 +945,7 @@
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 h1
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 1 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 1 Char";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -957,7 +957,7 @@ h1
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h2
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 2 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 2 Char";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -968,7 +968,7 @@ h2
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h3
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 3 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-indent:0cm;
@@ -977,7 +977,7 @@ h3
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h4
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 4 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 4 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ h4
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h5
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 5 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 5 Char";
 	margin-top:14.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:14.5pt;
@@ -1001,7 +1001,7 @@ h5
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h6
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 6 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 6 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -1013,7 +1013,7 @@ h6
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 7 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 7 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -1025,7 +1025,7 @@ p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 8 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 8 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -1036,7 +1036,7 @@ p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.MsoHeading9, li.MsoHeading9, div.MsoHeading9
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 9 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 9 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -1203,20 +1203,20 @@ p.MsoToc9, li.MsoToc9, div.MsoToc9
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";}
 p.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע�ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"脚注文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoCommentText, li.MsoCommentText, div.MsoCommentText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注文字 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳü Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页眉 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1226,14 +1226,14 @@ p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页脚 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoIndexHeading, li.MsoIndexHeading, div.MsoIndexHeading
-	{mso-style-name:"��������\,������Ŀ\,������Ŀ1\,������Ŀ2";
+	{mso-style-name:"索引标题\,索引类目\,索引类目1\,索引类目2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
@@ -1276,7 +1276,7 @@ p.MsoList4, li.MsoList4, div.MsoList4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoTitle, li.MsoTitle, div.MsoTitle
-	{mso-style-link:"���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.0pt;
@@ -1286,7 +1286,7 @@ p.MsoTitle, li.MsoTitle, div.MsoTitle
 	font-family:"Cambria","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
-	{mso-style-link:"���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"日期 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1295,42 +1295,42 @@ p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
-	{mso-style-name:"������\,��������";
+	{mso-style-name:"超链接\,超级链接";
 	color:blue;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
 	{color:purple;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 p
-	{mso-style-name:"��ͨ\(��վ\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)1\,��ͨ \(Web\)2\,��ͨ \(Web\)3";
+	{mso-style-name:"普通\(网站\)\,普通 \(Web\)\,普通 \(Web\)1\,普通 \(Web\)2\,普通 \(Web\)3";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 pre
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 tt
-	{font-family:����;}
+	{font-family:黑体;}
 p.MsoCommentSubject, li.MsoCommentSubject, div.MsoCommentSubject
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注主题 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注框文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoNoSpacing, li.MsoNoSpacing, div.MsoNoSpacing
-	{mso-style-link:"�޼�� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"无间隔 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:11.0pt;
@@ -1354,7 +1354,7 @@ p.MsoTocHeading, li.MsoTocHeading, div.MsoTocHeading
 	color:#365F91;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.1, li.1, div.1
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ1;
+	{mso-style-name:样式1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1365,30 +1365,30 @@ p.1, li.1, div.1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a, li.a, div.a
-	{mso-style-name:�������;
-	mso-style-link:"������� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序;
+	mso-style-link:"代码程序 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Char
-	{mso-style-name:"������� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"代码程序 Char";
+	mso-style-link:代码程序;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a0, li.a0, div.a0
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.0, li.0, div.0
-	{mso-style-name:����0;
+	{mso-style-name:封面0;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1396,7 +1396,7 @@ p.0, li.0, div.0
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.10, li.10, div.10
-	{mso-style-name:����1;
+	{mso-style-name:封面1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1404,25 +1404,25 @@ p.10, li.10, div.10
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.11, li.11, div.11
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���1;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a1, li.a1, div.a1
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1430,11 +1430,11 @@ p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.post, li.post, div.post
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -1442,50 +1442,50 @@ p.post, li.post, div.post
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3, li.3, div.3
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar1CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar1CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char, li.5Char, div.5Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5CharChar0, li.5CharChar0, div.5CharChar0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char0, li.5Char0, div.5Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5, li.5, div.5
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1493,28 +1493,28 @@ p.5, li.5, div.5
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.2, li.2, div.2
-	{mso-style-name:�������2;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.20, li.20, div.20
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.21, li.21, div.21
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1522,18 +1522,18 @@ p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a2, li.a2, div.a2
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ����;
+	{mso-style-name:图居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.110, li.110, div.110
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����1";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中1";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1542,32 +1542,32 @@ p.110, li.110, div.110
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.1Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 1 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 1";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 1 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 1";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.22, li.22, div.22
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ �б� 2 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 列表 2 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.23, li.23, div.23
-	{mso-style-name:�б�2;
+	{mso-style-name:列表2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.50, li.50, div.50
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.111, li.111, div.111
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ11;
+	{mso-style-name:样式11;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1578,20 +1578,20 @@ p.111, li.111, div.111
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.12, li.12, div.12
-	{mso-style-name:�������1;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.13, li.13, div.13
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.01, li.01, div.01
-	{mso-style-name:����01;
+	{mso-style-name:封面01;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1599,7 +1599,7 @@ p.01, li.01, div.01
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.112, li.112, div.112
-	{mso-style-name:����11;
+	{mso-style-name:封面11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1607,24 +1607,24 @@ p.112, li.112, div.112
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.113, li.113, div.113
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���11;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题11;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.14, li.14, div.14
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1632,7 +1632,7 @@ p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post1;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -1640,41 +1640,41 @@ p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.31, li.31, div.31
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������31;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体31;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char1, li.5Char1, div.5Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar1, li.5CharChar1, div.5CharChar1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char10, li.5Char10, div.5Char10
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.51, li.51, div.51
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.120, li.120, div.120
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ12;
+	{mso-style-name:样式12;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1685,7 +1685,7 @@ p.120, li.120, div.120
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.02, li.02, div.02
-	{mso-style-name:����02;
+	{mso-style-name:封面02;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1693,7 +1693,7 @@ p.02, li.02, div.02
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.121, li.121, div.121
-	{mso-style-name:����12;
+	{mso-style-name:封面12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1701,17 +1701,17 @@ p.121, li.121, div.121
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.122, li.122, div.122
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���12;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题12;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1719,7 +1719,7 @@ p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post2;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -1727,27 +1727,27 @@ p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.32, li.32, div.32
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������32;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体32;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char2, li.5Char2, div.5Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.52, li.52, div.52
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1755,7 +1755,7 @@ p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.130, li.130, div.130
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ13;
+	{mso-style-name:样式13;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1766,13 +1766,13 @@ p.130, li.130, div.130
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.30, li.30, div.30
-	{mso-style-name:�������3;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.03, li.03, div.03
-	{mso-style-name:����03;
+	{mso-style-name:封面03;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1780,7 +1780,7 @@ p.03, li.03, div.03
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.131, li.131, div.131
-	{mso-style-name:����13;
+	{mso-style-name:封面13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1788,24 +1788,24 @@ p.131, li.131, div.131
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.132, li.132, div.132
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���13;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题13;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.33, li.33, div.33
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1813,7 +1813,7 @@ p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post3;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -1821,42 +1821,42 @@ p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.330, li.330, div.330
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������33;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体33;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char20, li.5Char20, div.5Char20
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar2, li.5CharChar2, div.5CharChar2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char3, li.5Char3, div.5Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.53, li.53, div.53
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1864,11 +1864,11 @@ p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar5
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.54, li.54, div.54
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5紧密;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:9.0pt;
@@ -1876,7 +1876,7 @@ p.54, li.54, div.54
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.24, li.24, div.24
-	{mso-style-name:����2�Ŵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:居中2号粗宋体;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1884,7 +1884,7 @@ p.24, li.24, div.24
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.15, li.15, div.15
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1895,7 +1895,7 @@ p.15, li.15, div.15
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.25, li.25, div.25
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 2 + �о�\: �����о�";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 2 + 行距\: 单倍行距";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1906,33 +1906,33 @@ p.25, li.25, div.25
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.2Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 2 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 2";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 2 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 2";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.34, li.34, div.34
-	{mso-style-name:�б�3;
+	{mso-style-name:列表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.35, li.35, div.35
-	{mso-style-name:��3;
+	{mso-style-name:表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.4, li.4, div.4
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��4;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.40, li.40, div.40
-	{mso-style-name:�б�4;
+	{mso-style-name:列表4;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1943,166 +1943,166 @@ p.40, li.40, div.40
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.41, li.41, div.41
-	{mso-style-name:��4;
+	{mso-style-name:表4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.55, li.55, div.55
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��5;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.56, li.56, div.56
-	{mso-style-name:�б�5;
+	{mso-style-name:列表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.57, li.57, div.57
-	{mso-style-name:��5;
+	{mso-style-name:表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.6, li.6, div.6
-	{mso-style-name:�б�6;
+	{mso-style-name:列表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.60, li.60, div.60
-	{mso-style-name:��6;
+	{mso-style-name:表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.61, li.61, div.61
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��6;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.7, li.7, div.7
-	{mso-style-name:�б�7;
+	{mso-style-name:列表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.70, li.70, div.70
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��7;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.71, li.71, div.71
-	{mso-style-name:��7;
+	{mso-style-name:表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.8, li.8, div.8
-	{mso-style-name:�б�8;
+	{mso-style-name:列表8;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.9, li.9, div.9
-	{mso-style-name:�б�9;
+	{mso-style-name:列表9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.90, li.90, div.90
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��9;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.100, li.100, div.100
-	{mso-style-name:�б�10;
+	{mso-style-name:列表10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.101, li.101, div.101
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��10;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.114, li.114, div.114
-	{mso-style-name:�б�11;
+	{mso-style-name:列表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.115, li.115, div.115
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��11;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.116, li.116, div.116
-	{mso-style-name:��11;
+	{mso-style-name:表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.123, li.123, div.123
-	{mso-style-name:�б�12;
+	{mso-style-name:列表12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.124, li.124, div.124
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��12;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.133, li.133, div.133
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��13;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明13;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明13 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.13Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��13;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明13 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明13;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.134, li.134, div.134
-	{mso-style-name:�б�13;
+	{mso-style-name:列表13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.26, li.26, div.26
-	{mso-style-name:��¼2;
+	{mso-style-name:附录2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -2112,7 +2112,7 @@ p.26, li.26, div.26
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.36, li.36, div.36
-	{mso-style-name:��¼3;
+	{mso-style-name:附录3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
@@ -2120,12 +2120,12 @@ p.36, li.36, div.36
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.3Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 3";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 3";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.16, li.16, div.16
-	{mso-style-name:��¼1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -2136,14 +2136,14 @@ p.16, li.16, div.16
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.17, li.17, div.17
-	{mso-style-name:��¼��1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录表1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.42, li.42, div.42
-	{mso-style-name:��¼4;
+	{mso-style-name:附录4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
@@ -2151,19 +2151,19 @@ p.42, li.42, div.42
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.4Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 4 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 4";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 4 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 4";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a3, li.a3, div.a3
-	{mso-style-name:��¼ͼ˵��;
+	{mso-style-name:附录图说明;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.27, li.27, div.27
-	{mso-style-name:�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -2174,7 +2174,7 @@ p.27, li.27, div.27
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
-	{mso-style-name:�ο�����;
+	{mso-style-name:参考标题;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -2185,7 +2185,7 @@ p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.18, li.18, div.18
-	{mso-style-name:��������1;
+	{mso-style-name:索引标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -2196,7 +2196,7 @@ p.18, li.18, div.18
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.19, li.19, div.19
-	{mso-style-name:�б�1;
+	{mso-style-name:列表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -2207,7 +2207,7 @@ p.19, li.19, div.19
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
-	{mso-style-name:��1;
+	{mso-style-name:表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -2218,32 +2218,32 @@ p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.37, li.37, div.37
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.62, li.62, div.62
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中字体6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
-	{mso-style-name:���Ĵ���;
-	mso-style-link:"���Ĵ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:正文代码;
+	mso-style-link:"正文代码 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"���Ĵ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:���Ĵ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"正文代码 Char";
+	mso-style-link:正文代码;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.43, li.43, div.43
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 4 +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 4 +";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
@@ -2251,7 +2251,7 @@ p.43, li.43, div.43
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.140, li.140, div.140
-	{mso-style-name:��14;
+	{mso-style-name:表14;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -2262,8 +2262,8 @@ p.140, li.140, div.140
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.141, li.141, div.141
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��14;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明14;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明14 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -2274,56 +2274,56 @@ p.141, li.141, div.141
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.14Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��14;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明14 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明14;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ�Ŀ¼��;
+	{mso-style-name:文件目录表;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� +";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 +";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 + Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 + Char";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 +";
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a8, li.a8, div.a8
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:表格题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a9, li.a9, div.a9
-	{mso-style-name:�б���ע;
+	{mso-style-name:列表题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.aa, li.aa, div.aa
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��ע;
+	{mso-style-name:图题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ab, li.ab, div.ab
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:程序题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
-	{mso-style-name:��������;
+	{mso-style-name:框中文字;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:21.0pt;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -2334,7 +2334,7 @@ p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.125, li.125, div.125
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����2";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中2";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -2345,14 +2345,14 @@ p.125, li.125, div.125
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.ad, li.ad, div.ad
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ���� ��� ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 宋体 五号 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
-	{mso-style-name:�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -2363,20 +2363,20 @@ p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.38, li.38, div.38
-	{mso-style-name:�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
-	font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 p.63, li.63, div.63
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.64, li.64, div.64
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6�������;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号左对齐;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:10.0pt;
@@ -2384,8 +2384,8 @@ p.64, li.64, div.64
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.65, li.65, div.65
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������6�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号;
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字6号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -2394,23 +2394,23 @@ p.65, li.65, div.65
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.6Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������6�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ������6��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字6号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图中文字6号;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��;
+	{mso-style-name:图标;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.28, li.28, div.28
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图标2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af, li.af, div.af
-	{mso-style-name:ϰ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:习题标题;
 	margin-top:6.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -2418,22 +2418,22 @@ p.af, li.af, div.af
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:14.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
-	{mso-style-name:���ֱ��1;
+	{mso-style-name:部分编号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:16.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af0, li.af0, div.af0
-	{mso-style-name:������;
+	{mso-style-name:表标题;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.af1, li.af1, div.af1
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -2478,203 +2478,203 @@ p.RightText, li.RightText, div.RightText
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
-	{mso-style-name:��������С��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字小五;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
-	{mso-style-name:�ؼ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ؼ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:关键词;
+	mso-style-link:"关键词 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"�ؼ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ؼ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"关键词 Char";
+	mso-style-link:关键词;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ļ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:文件名;
+	mso-style-link:"文件名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"�ļ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ļ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"文件名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:文件名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
-	{mso-style-name:ѡ��;
-	mso-style-link:"ѡ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:选项;
+	mso-style-link:"选项 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char5
-	{mso-style-name:"ѡ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ѡ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"选项 Char";
+	mso-style-link:选项;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:命令行;
+	mso-style-link:"命令行 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char6
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"命令行 Char";
+	mso-style-link:命令行;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:函数名;
+	mso-style-link:"函数名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char7
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"函数名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:函数名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
-	{mso-style-name:�Ĵ�����;
-	mso-style-link:"�Ĵ����� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:寄存器名;
+	mso-style-link:"寄存器名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char8
-	{mso-style-name:"�Ĵ����� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�Ĵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:"寄存器名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:寄存器名;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:变量名;
+	mso-style-link:"变量名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char9
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"变量名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:变量名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.58, li.58, div.58
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.59, li.59, div.59
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5�ſ���;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号靠左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.926, li.926, div.926
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ������� + ���\:  9\.26 ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 代码程序 + 左侧\:  9\.26 厘米";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 5 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 5";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 5 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 5";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.6Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 6 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 6";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 6 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 6";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.7Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 7 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 7";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 7 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 7";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.8Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 8 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 8";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 8 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 8";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.9Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 9 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 9";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 9 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 9";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.Chara
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע�ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע�ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"脚注文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:脚注文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charb
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注文字 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注文字;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charc
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳü Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳü;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页眉 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页眉;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chard
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页脚 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页脚;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chare
-	{mso-style-name:"���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"日期 Char";
+	mso-style-link:日期;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.HTMLChar
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charf
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;
+	{mso-style-name:"批注主题 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注主题;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.Charf0
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע���ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注框文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注框文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5CharCharChar0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5CharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar1Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar11
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char11";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char11";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char3";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char3";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar13
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char13";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char13";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar12
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char12";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char12";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5CharCharChar1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char1";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char1";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5CharChar10
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char Char1";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char Char1";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharCharChar1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char1";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char1";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char2";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char2";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.14CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��14 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明14 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.210, li.210, div.210
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 21";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 21";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -2684,12 +2684,12 @@ p.210, li.210, div.210
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.Charf1
-	{mso-style-name:"�޼�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�޼��;
+	{mso-style-name:"无间隔 Char";
+	mso-style-link:无间隔;
 	font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";}
 span.Charf2
-	{mso-style-name:"���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:����;
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 Char";
+	mso-style-link:标题;
 	font-family:"Cambria","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.msoIns
@@ -2749,7 +2749,7 @@ ul
   <td width="100%" valign=top style='width:100.0%;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
   height:144.0pt'>
   <p class=MsoNoSpacing align=center style='text-align:center'><span
-  style='font-family:����;text-transform:uppercase'>ͬ�ô�ѧ</span></p>
+  style='font-family:宋体;text-transform:uppercase'>同济大学</span></p>
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr style='height:72.0pt'>
@@ -2757,14 +2757,14 @@ ul
   padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:72.0pt'>
   <p class=MsoNoSpacing align=center style='text-align:center'><span
   lang=EN-US style='font-size:40.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif"'>Linux</span><span
-  style='font-size:40.0pt;font-family:����'>����ϵͳʵ��ԭ��</span></p>
+  style='font-size:40.0pt;font-family:宋体'>操作系统实现原理</span></p>
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr style='height:36.0pt'>
   <td width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
   height:36.0pt'>
   <p class=MsoNoSpacing align=center style='text-align:center'><span
-  style='font-size:22.0pt;font-family:����'>�ں˳���</span></p>
+  style='font-size:22.0pt;font-family:宋体'>内核程序集</span></p>
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr style='height:18.0pt'>
@@ -2776,7 +2776,7 @@ ul
  <tr style='height:18.0pt'>
   <td width="100%" style='width:100.0%;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:18.0pt'>
   <p class=MsoNoSpacing align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span
-  style='font-family:����'>�Ծ�</span></b></p>
+  style='font-family:宋体'>赵炯</span></b></p>
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr style='height:18.0pt'>
@@ -2799,7 +2799,7 @@ ul
  <tr>
   <td width="100%" valign=top style='width:100.0%;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'>
   <p class=MsoNoSpacing><span lang=EN-US>Linux 0.12</span><span
-  style='font-family:����'>���ں���ע�ͳ���</span></p>
+  style='font-family:宋体'>版内核已注释程序集</span></p>
   </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
@@ -2817,7 +2817,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
-style='font-size:22.0pt;font-family:����'>Ŀ¼</span></p>
+style='font-size:22.0pt;font-family:宋体'>目录</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
@@ -2833,833 +2833,833 @@ text-transform:uppercase'><br clear=all style='page-break-before:auto'>
 
 <p class=MsoToc1><span
 class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US><a href="#_Toc493447965"><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span>5<span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span><span lang=EN-US><span
-lang=EN-US> </span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span
-lang=EN-US>�ں˱�������������</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
+style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>第</span></span>5<span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>章</span></span><span lang=EN-US><span
+lang=EN-US> </span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span
+lang=EN-US>内核编译批处理程序</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>... </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>1</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447966">5.1 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>5&#8209;1
-linux/Makefile<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>�ļ�</span></span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>5&#8209;1
+linux/Makefile<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>文件</span></span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>... </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>1</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc1><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US><a
-href="#_Toc493447967"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span>6<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span><span
+href="#_Toc493447967"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>第</span></span>6<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>章</span></span><span
 lang=EN-US><span lang=EN-US> </span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
-����'><span lang=EN-US>������������</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
+宋体'><span lang=EN-US>引导启动程序</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
 display:none;text-decoration:none'>... </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>6</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447968">6.1 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>6 &#8209;1
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>6 &#8209;1
 linux/boot/bootsect.S<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>6</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447969">6.2 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span> 6&#8209;2
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span> 6&#8209;2
 linux/boot/setup.S<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>21</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447970">6.3 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>6-3
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>6-3
 linux/boot/head.s<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>38</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc1><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US><a
-href="#_Toc493447971"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span>7<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span><span
+href="#_Toc493447971"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>第</span></span>7<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>章</span></span><span
 lang=EN-US><span lang=EN-US> </span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
-����'><span lang=EN-US>�ں˳�ʼ������</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
+宋体'><span lang=EN-US>内核初始化程序</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
 display:none;text-decoration:none'>... </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>48</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447972">7.1 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>7-1
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>7-1
 linux/init/main.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>48</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc1><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US><a
-href="#_Toc493447973"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span>8<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span><span
+href="#_Toc493447973"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>第</span></span>8<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>章</span></span><span
 lang=EN-US><span lang=EN-US> </span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
-����'><span lang=EN-US>�ں˺��ĳ���</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
+宋体'><span lang=EN-US>内核核心程序</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
 display:none;text-decoration:none'>... </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>56</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447974">8.1 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>8-1
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>8-1
 linux/kernel/asm.s<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>56</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447975">8.2 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>8-2
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>8-2
 linux/kernel/traps.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>61</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447976">8.3 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>8-3
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>8-3
 linux/kernel/sys_call.s<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>66</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447977">8.4 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>8-4
-linux/kernel/mktime.c<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>8-4
+linux/kernel/mktime.c<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>... </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>74</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447978">8.5 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>8-5
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>8-5
 linux/kernel/sched.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>76</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447979">8.6 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>8-6
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>8-6
 linux/kernel/signal.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>89</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447980">8.7 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>8-7
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>8-7
 linux/kernel/exit.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>96</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447981">8.8 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>8-8
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>8-8
 linux/kernel/fork.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>109</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447982">8.9 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>8-9
-linux/kernel/sys.c<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>8-9
+linux/kernel/sys.c<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>... </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>114</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447983">8.10 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>8-10
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>8-10
 linux/kernel/vsprintf.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>129</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447984">8.11 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>8-11
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>8-11
 linux/kernel/printk.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>135</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447985">8.12 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>8-12
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>8-12
 linux/kernel/panic.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>136</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc1><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US><a
-href="#_Toc493447986"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span>9<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span><span
+href="#_Toc493447986"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>第</span></span>9<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>章</span></span><span
 lang=EN-US><span lang=EN-US> </span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
-����'><span lang=EN-US>�ں˿��豸����</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
+宋体'><span lang=EN-US>内核块设备程序</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
 display:none;text-decoration:none'>... </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>137</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447987">9.1 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>9-1
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>9-1
 linux/kernel/blk_drv/blk.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>137</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447988">9.2 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>9-2
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>9-2
 linux/kernel/blk_drv/hd.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>142</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447989">9.3 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>9-3
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>9-3
 linux/kernel/blk_drv/ll_rw_blk.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>155</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447990">9.4 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>9-4 linux/kernel/blk_drv/ramdisk.c<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>9-4 linux/kernel/blk_drv/ramdisk.c<span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>162</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447991">9.5 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>9-5
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>9-5
 linux/kernel/blk_drv/floppy.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>166</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc1><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US><a
-href="#_Toc493447992"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span>10<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span><span
+href="#_Toc493447992"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>第</span></span>10<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>章</span></span><span
 lang=EN-US><span lang=EN-US> </span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
-����'><span lang=EN-US>�ַ��豸����</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
+宋体'><span lang=EN-US>字符设备程序</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
 display:none;text-decoration:none'>... </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>181</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447993">10.1 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>10-1
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>10-1
 linux/kernel/chr_drv/keyboard.S<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>181</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447994">10.2 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>10-2
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>10-2
 linux/kernel/chr_drv/console.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>196</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447995">10.3 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>10-3
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>10-3
 linux/kernel/chr_drv/serial.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>224</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447996">10.4 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>10-4
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>10-4
 linux/kernel/chr_drv/rs_io.s<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>226</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447997">10.5 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>10-5
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>10-5
 linux/kernel/chr_drv/tty_io.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>230</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493447998">10.6 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>10-6
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>10-6
 linux/kernel/chr_drv/tty_ioctl.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>245</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc1><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US><a
-href="#_Toc493447999"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span>11<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span><span
+href="#_Toc493447999"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>第</span></span>11<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>章</span></span><span
 lang=EN-US><span lang=EN-US> </span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
-����'><span lang=EN-US>Э�������������</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
+宋体'><span lang=EN-US>协处理器仿真程序</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
 display:none;text-decoration:none'>... </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>253</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448000">11.1 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>11-1
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>11-1
 linux/kernel/math/math_emulate.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>&nbsp; </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>253</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448001">11.2 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>11-2
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>11-2
 linux/kernel/math/error.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>265</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448002">11.3 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>11-3 linux/kernel/math/ea.c<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>11-3 linux/kernel/math/ea.c<span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>266</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448003">11.4 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>11-4
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>11-4
 linux/kernel/math/convert.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>269</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448004">11.5 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>11-5
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>11-5
 linux/kernel/math/add.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>274</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448005">11.6 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>11-6
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>11-6
 linux/kernel/math/compare.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>277</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448006">11.7 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>11-7 linux/kernel/math/get_put.c<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>11-7 linux/kernel/math/get_put.c<span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>279</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448007">11.8 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>11-8
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>11-8
 linux/kernel/math/mul.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>286</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448008">11.9 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>11-9
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>11-9
 linux/kernel/math/div.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>288</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc1><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US><a
-href="#_Toc493448009"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span>12<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span><span
+href="#_Toc493448009"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>第</span></span>12<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>章</span></span><span
 lang=EN-US><span lang=EN-US> </span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
-����'><span lang=EN-US>�ļ�ϵͳ����</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
+宋体'><span lang=EN-US>文件系统程序</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
 display:none;text-decoration:none'>... </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>291</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448010">12.1 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>12-1
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>12-1
 linux/fs/buffer.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>291</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448011">12.2 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span> 12-2&nbsp;
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span> 12-2&nbsp;
 linux/fs/bitmap.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>303</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448012">12.3 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>12-3
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>12-3
 linux/fs/truncate.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>308</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448013">12.4 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>12-4
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>12-4
 linux/fs/inode.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>311</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448014">12.5 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>12-5
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>12-5
 linux/fs/super.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>321</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448015">12.6 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>12-6
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>12-6
 linux/fs/namei.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>330</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448016">12.7 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>12-7
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>12-7
 linux/fs/file_table.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>357</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448017">12.8 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>12-8
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>12-8
 linux/fs/block_dev.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>358</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448018">12.9 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>12-9
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>12-9
 linux/fs/file_dev.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>361</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448019">12.10 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>12-10
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>12-10
 linux/fs/pipe.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>364</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448020">12.11 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>12-11
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>12-11
 linux/fs/char_dev.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>368</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448021">12.12 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>12-12
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>12-12
 linux/fs/read_write.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>371</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448022">12.13 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>12-13 linux/fs/open.c<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>12-13 linux/fs/open.c<span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>374</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448023">12.14 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>12-14
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>12-14
 linux/fs/exec.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>382</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448024">12.15 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>12-15
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>12-15
 linux/fs/stat.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>395</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448025">12.16 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>12-16
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>12-16
 linux/fs/fcntl.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>398</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448026">12.17 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>12-17
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>12-17
 linux/fs/ioctl.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>401</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448027">12.18 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>12-18
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>12-18
 linux/fs/select.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>403</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc1><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US><a
-href="#_Toc493448028"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span>13<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span><span
+href="#_Toc493448028"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>第</span></span>13<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>章</span></span><span
 lang=EN-US><span lang=EN-US> </span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
-����'><span lang=EN-US>�ڴ��������</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
+宋体'><span lang=EN-US>内存管理程序</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
 display:none;text-decoration:none'>... </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>411</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448029">13.1 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>13-1
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>13-1
 linux/mm/memory.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>411</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448030">13.2 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>13-2
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>13-2
 linux/mm/page.s<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>429</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448031">13.3 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>13-3
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>13-3
 linux/mm/swap.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>430</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc1><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US><a
-href="#_Toc493448032"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span>14<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span><span
+href="#_Toc493448032"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>第</span></span>14<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>章</span></span><span
 lang=EN-US><span lang=EN-US> </span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
-����'><span lang=EN-US>�ں˰�������</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
+宋体'><span lang=EN-US>内核包含程序</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
 display:none;text-decoration:none'>... </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>438</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448033">14.1 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-1
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-1
 linux/include/a.out.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>438</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448034">14.2 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-2
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-2
 linux/include/const.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>444</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448035">14.3 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-3
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-3
 linux/include/ctype.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>445</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448036">14.4 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-4&nbsp;
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-4&nbsp;
 linux/include/errno.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>446</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448037">14.5 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-5&nbsp;
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-5&nbsp;
 linux/include/fcntl.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>448</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448038">14.6 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-6&nbsp;
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-6&nbsp;
 linux/include/signal.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>450</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448039">14.7 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-7
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-7
 linux/include/stdarg.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>453</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448040">14.8 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-8
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-8
 linux/include/stddef.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>454</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448041">14.9 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-9 linux/include/string.h<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-9 linux/include/string.h<span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>455</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448042">14.10 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-10
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-10
 linux/include/termios.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>465</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448043">14.11 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-11
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-11
 linux/include/time.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>471</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448044">14.12 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-12
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-12
 linux/include/unistd.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>473</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448045">14.13 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-13 linux/include/utime.h<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-13 linux/include/utime.h<span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>480</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448046">14.14 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-14
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-14
 linux/include/asm/io.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>481</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448047">14.15 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-15
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-15
 linux/include/asm/memory.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>482</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448048">14.16 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-16
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-16
 linux/include/asm/segment.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>483</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448049">14.17 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-17
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-17
 linux/include/asm/system.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>485</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448050">14.18 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-18
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-18
 linux/include/linux/config.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>487</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448051">14.19 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-19
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-19
 linux/include/linux/fdreg.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>489</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448052">14.20 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-20
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-20
 linux/include/linux/fs.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>492</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448053">14.21 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-21
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-21
 linux/include/linux/hdreg.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>498</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448054">14.22 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-22
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-22
 linux/include/linux/head.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>500</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448055">14.23 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-23
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-23
 linux/include/linux/kernel.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>501</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448056">14.24 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-24
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-24
 linux/include/linux/math_emu.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>503</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448057">14.25 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-25
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-25
 linux/include/linux/mm.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>509</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448058">14.26 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-26 linux/include/linux/sched.h<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-26 linux/include/linux/sched.h<span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>511</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448059">14.27 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-27
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-27
 linux/include/linux/sys.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>519</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448060">14.28 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-28
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-28
 linux/include/linux/tty.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>522</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448061">14.29 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-29
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-29
 linux/include/sys/param.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>525</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448062">14.30 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-30
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-30
 linux/include/sys/resource.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>526</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448063">14.31 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-31
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-31
 linux/include/sys/stat.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>528</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448064">14.32 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-32
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-32
 linux/include/sys/time.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>530</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448065">14.33 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-33
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-33
 linux/include/sys/times.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>532</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448066">14.34 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-34
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-34
 linux/include/sys/types.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>533</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448067">14.35 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-35
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-35
 linux/include/sys/utsname.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;
 text-decoration:none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>535</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448068">14.36 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>14-36
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>14-36
 linux/include/sys/wait.h<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>.. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>536</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc1><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US><a
-href="#_Toc493448069"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span>15<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span><span
+href="#_Toc493448069"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>第</span></span>15<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>章</span></span><span
 lang=EN-US><span lang=EN-US> </span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
-����'><span lang=EN-US>�ں˿⺯������</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
+宋体'><span lang=EN-US>内核库函数程序</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
 display:none;text-decoration:none'>... </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>537</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448070">15.1 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>15-1
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>15-1
 linux/lib/_exit.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>537</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448071">15.2 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>15-2
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>15-2
 linux/lib/close.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>538</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448072">15.3 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>15-3
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>15-3
 linux/lib/ctype.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>539</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448073">15.4 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>15-4
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>15-4
 linux/lib/dup.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>540</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448074">15.5 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>15-5
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>15-5
 linux/lib/errno.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>541</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448075">15.6 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>15-6
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>15-6
 linux/lib/execve.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>542</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448076">15.7 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>15-7
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>15-7
 linux/lib/malloc.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>543</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448077">15.8 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>15-8
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>15-8
 linux/lib/open.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>550</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448078">15.9 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>15-9
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>15-9
 linux/lib/setsid.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>551</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448079">15.10 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>15-10
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>15-10
 linux/lib/string.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>552</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448080">15.11 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>15-11
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>15-11
 linux/lib/wait.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>553</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448081">15.12 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>15-12
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>15-12
 linux/lib/write.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>554</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc1><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US><a
-href="#_Toc493448082"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span>16<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>��</span></span><span
+href="#_Toc493448082"><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>第</span></span>16<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>章</span></span><span
 lang=EN-US><span lang=EN-US> </span></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
-����'><span lang=EN-US>�ں˴�����ϳ���</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
+宋体'><span lang=EN-US>内核创建组合程序</span></span><span style='color:windowtext;
 display:none;text-decoration:none'>... </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>555</span></a></span></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoToc2><span class=MsoHyperlink><span lang=EN-US style='font-variant:
 normal !important;text-transform:uppercase'><a href="#_Toc493448083">16.1 <span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:����'><span lang=EN-US>����</span></span>16-1
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体'><span lang=EN-US>程序</span></span>16-1
 linux/tools/build.c<span style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:
 none'>. </span><span
 style='color:windowtext;display:none;text-decoration:none'>555</span></a></span></span></p>
@@ -3690,16 +3690,16 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<h1><a name="_Toc493447965"></a><a name="_Toc493447369"><span lang=EN-US>��5�� </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ں˱�������������</span></a></h1>
+<h1><a name="_Toc493447965"></a><a name="_Toc493447369"><span lang=EN-US>第5章 </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>内核编译批处理程序</span></a></h1>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447966"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447370"></a><a name="_Ref194739419"></a><a name="_Toc53320595"></a><a
-name="_Ref194739445"><span lang=EN-US>5.1 </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span
+name="_Ref194739445"><span lang=EN-US>5.1 </span><span style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span
 lang=EN-US>5&#8209;</span></a><span lang=EN-US>1 linux/Makefile</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ļ�</span></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>文件</span></h2>
 
 <div class=2 align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -3719,11 +3719,11 @@ style='font-family:����'>�ļ�</span></h2>
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <a name=L4><u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u></a>
 #</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�����Ҫʹ��<span lang=EN-US>RAM</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>(RAMDISK)</span>�豸�Ļ��Ͷ����Ĵ�С������Ĭ��<span lang=EN-US>RAMDISK</span>û�ж��壨ע�͵��ˣ���</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>如果你要使用<span lang=EN-US>RAM</span>盘<span
+lang=EN-US>(RAMDISK)</span>设备的话就定义块的大小。这里默认<span lang=EN-US>RAMDISK</span>没有定义（注释掉了），</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>����ʱ�����ѡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>'-DRAMDISK=512'</span>���μ���<span lang=EN-US>13</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>否则<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>编译时会带有选项<span
+lang=EN-US>'-DRAMDISK=512'</span>，参见第<span lang=EN-US>13</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <a name=L5><u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u></a>
 RAMDISK = #-DRAMDISK=512</span></p>
@@ -3732,75 +3732,75 @@ RAMDISK = #-DRAMDISK=512</span></p>
 </span></p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <a name=L7><u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u></a>
-AS86&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =as86 -0 -a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 8086</span>���������������������б���Ľ��ܡ�����Ĳ�������ֱ�</p>
+AS86&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =as86 -0 -a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 8086</span>汇编编译器和连接器，见列表后的介绍。后带的参数含义分别</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <a name=L8><u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u></a>
 LD86&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =ld86 -0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>�ǣ�<span lang=EN-US>-0 </span>����<span lang=EN-US>8086</span>Ŀ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>-a </span>������<span lang=EN-US>gas</span>��<span lang=EN-US>gld</span>���ּ��ݵĴ��롣</p>
+# </span>是：<span lang=EN-US>-0 </span>生成<span lang=EN-US>8086</span>目标程序；<span
+lang=EN-US>-a </span>生成与<span lang=EN-US>gas</span>和<span lang=EN-US>gld</span>部分兼容的代码。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <a name=L9><u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u></a>
 </span></p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L10><u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u></a>
 AS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =gas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# GNU</span>���������������������б���Ľ��ܡ�</p>
+# GNU</span>汇编编译器和连接器，见列表后的介绍。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L11><u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u></a>
 LD&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =gld</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������<span lang=EN-US>GNU</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>gld</span>����ʱ�õ���ѡ������ǣ�<span lang=EN-US>-s </span>����ļ���ʡ�����еķ�����Ϣ��<span
-lang=EN-US>-x </span>ɾ��</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>下面是<span lang=EN-US>GNU</span>链接器<span
+lang=EN-US>gld</span>运行时用到的选项。含义是：<span lang=EN-US>-s </span>输出文件中省略所有的符号信息；<span
+lang=EN-US>-x </span>删除</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���оֲ����ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>-M </span>��ʾ��Ҫ�ڱ�׼����豸<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>�ϴ�ӡ����ӳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>(link map)</span>����ָ�����ӳ���</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>所有局部符号；<span
+lang=EN-US>-M </span>表示需要在标准输出设备<span lang=EN-US>(</span>显示器<span lang=EN-US>)</span>上打印连接映像<span
+lang=EN-US>(link map)</span>，是指由连接程序</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������һ���ڴ��ַӳ�������г��˳����װ�뵽�ڴ��е�λ����Ϣ������������������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>产生的一种内存地址映像，其中列出了程序段装入到内存中的位置信息。具体来讲有如下信息：</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # &#8226; </span>Ŀ���ļ���������Ϣӳ�䵽�ڴ��е�λ�ã�</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # &#8226; </span>目标文件及符号信息映射到内存中的位置；</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # &#8226; </span>����������η��ã�</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # &#8226; </span>公共符号如何放置；</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # &#8226; </span>�����а����������ļ���Ա�������õķ��š�</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # &#8226; </span>连接中包含的所有文件成员及其引用的符号。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L12><u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u></a>
 LDFLAGS =-s -x -M</span></p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # gcc</span>��<span lang=EN-US>GNU
-C</span>���������������<span lang=EN-US>UNIX</span>��Ľű�<span lang=EN-US>(script)</span>������ԣ������ö���ı�ʶ��ʱ������ǰ</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # gcc</span>是<span lang=EN-US>GNU
+C</span>程序编译器。对于<span lang=EN-US>UNIX</span>类的脚本<span lang=EN-US>(script)</span>程序而言，在引用定义的标识符时，需在前</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>$</span>���Ų���������ס��ʶ����</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>面加上<span lang=EN-US>$</span>符号并用括号括住标识符。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L13><u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u></a>
 CC&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =gcc $(RAMDISK)</span></p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����ָ��<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>ʹ�õ�ѡ�ǰһ������<span
-lang=EN-US>'\'</span>���ű�ʾ��һ�������С�ѡ���Ϊ��<span lang=EN-US>-Wall </span>��ӡ����</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>下面指定<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>使用的选项。前一行最后的<span
+lang=EN-US>'\'</span>符号表示下一行是续行。选项含义为：<span lang=EN-US>-Wall </span>打印所有</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������Ϣ��<span lang=EN-US>-O
-</span>�Դ�������Ż���<span lang=EN-US>'-f</span>��־<span lang=EN-US>'</span>ָ��������޹صı����־������<span
-lang=EN-US>-fstrength-reduce</span>��</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>警告信息；<span lang=EN-US>-O
+</span>对代码进行优化。<span lang=EN-US>'-f</span>标志<span lang=EN-US>'</span>指定与机器无关的编译标志。其中<span
+lang=EN-US>-fstrength-reduce</span>用</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���Ż�ѭ����䣻<span
-lang=EN-US>-fcombine-regs</span>����ָ������������ϱ���׶ΰѸ���һ���Ĵ�������һ���Ĵ�</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>于优化循环语句；<span
+lang=EN-US>-fcombine-regs</span>用于指明编译器在组合编译阶段把复制一个寄存器到另一个寄存</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����ָ�������һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>-fomit-frame-pointer </span>ָ����������ָ֡�루<span lang=EN-US>Frame pointer</span>���ĺ�����Ҫ</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>器的指令组合在一起。<span
+lang=EN-US>-fomit-frame-pointer </span>指明对于无需帧指针（<span lang=EN-US>Frame pointer</span>）的函数不要</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��ָ֡�뱣���ڼĴ����С������ں����п��Ա����ָ֡��Ĳ�����ά����<span
-lang=EN-US>-mstring-insns </span>��</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>把帧指针保留在寄存器中。这样在函数中可以避免对帧指针的操作和维护。<span
+lang=EN-US>-mstring-insns </span>是</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # Linus</span>��ѧϰ<span
-lang=EN-US>gcc</span>������ʱΪ<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>���ӵ�ѡ�����<span lang=EN-US>gcc-1.40</span>�ڸ��ƽṹ�Ȳ���ʱʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>386 CPU</span>��</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # Linus</span>在学习<span
+lang=EN-US>gcc</span>编译器时为<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>增加的选项，用于<span lang=EN-US>gcc-1.40</span>在复制结构等操作时使用<span
+lang=EN-US>386 CPU</span>的</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�ַ���ָ�����ȥ����</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>字符串指令，可以去掉。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L14><u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u></a>
 CFLAGS&nbsp; =-Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer \&nbsp; </span></p>
@@ -3810,25 +3810,25 @@ CFLAGS&nbsp; =-Wall -O -fstrength-reduce -fomit-frame-pointer \&nbsp; </span></p
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����<span lang=EN-US>cpp</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>gcc</span>��ǰ<span lang=EN-US>(</span>Ԥ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>����������ǰ���������ڽ��г����еĺ��滻�������������봦���Լ�</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>下面<span lang=EN-US>cpp</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>gcc</span>的前<span lang=EN-US>(</span>预<span lang=EN-US>)</span>处理器程序。前处理器用于进行程序中的宏替换处理、条件编译处理以及</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������ָ���ļ������ݣ�����ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>'#include'</span>ָ�����ļ�����������Դ�����ļ��������Է���<span lang=EN-US>'#'</span></p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>包含进指定文件的内容，即把使用<span
+lang=EN-US>'#include'</span>指定的文件包含进来。源程序文件中所有以符号<span lang=EN-US>'#'</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��ʼ���о���Ҫ��ǰ���������д���������������<span
-lang=EN-US>'#define'</span>����ĺ궼��ʹ���䶨�岿���滻����</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>开始的行均需要由前处理器进行处理。程序中所有<span
+lang=EN-US>'#define'</span>定义的宏都会使用其定义部分替换掉。</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����������<span lang=EN-US>'#if'</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'#ifdef'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'#ifndef'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'#endif'</span>�������б�������ȷ���Ƿ������ָ����Χ��</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>程序中所有<span lang=EN-US>'#if'</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>'#ifdef'</span>、<span lang=EN-US>'#ifndef'</span>和<span lang=EN-US>'#endif'</span>等条件判别行用于确定是否包含其指定范围中</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����䡣</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>的语句。</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # '-nostdinc -Iinclude'</span>�����ǲ�Ҫ������׼ͷ�ļ�Ŀ¼�е��ļ���������ϵͳ<span
-lang=EN-US>/usr/include/</span>Ŀ¼</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # '-nostdinc -Iinclude'</span>含义是不要搜索标准头文件目录中的文件，即不用系统<span
+lang=EN-US>/usr/include/</span>目录</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�µ�ͷ�ļ�������ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>'-I'</span>ѡ��ָ����Ŀ¼�������ڵ�ǰĿ¼������ͷ�ļ���</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>下的头文件，而是使用<span
+lang=EN-US>'-I'</span>选项指定的目录或者是在当前目录里搜索头文件。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L16><u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u></a>
 CPP&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =cpp -nostdinc -Iinclude</span></p>
@@ -3851,23 +3851,23 @@ CPP&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =cpp -nostdinc -Iinclude</span></p>
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L22><u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u></a>
 #</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # ROOT_DEV</span>ָ���ڴ����ں�ӳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>(image)</span>�ļ�ʱ��ʹ�õ�Ĭ�ϸ��ļ�ϵͳ��</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # ROOT_DEV</span>指定在创建内核映像<span
+lang=EN-US>(image)</span>文件时所使用的默认根文件系统所</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�ڵ��豸�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>(FLOPPY)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>/dev/xxxx</span>���߸ɴ���ţ�����ʱ</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>在的设备，这可以是软盘<span
+lang=EN-US>(FLOPPY)</span>、<span lang=EN-US>/dev/xxxx</span>或者干脆空着，空着时</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # build</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>tools/</span>Ŀ¼�У���ʹ��Ĭ��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>/dev/hd6</span>��</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # build</span>程序（在<span
+lang=EN-US>tools/</span>目录中）就使用默认值<span lang=EN-US>/dev/hd6</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����<span lang=EN-US>/dev/hd6</span>��Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ�̵ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������������<span lang=EN-US>Linus</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>�ں�ʱ�Լ��Ļ����ϸ�</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>这里<span lang=EN-US>/dev/hd6</span>对应第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘的第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个分区。这是<span lang=EN-US>Linus</span>开发<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>内核时自己的机器上根</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�ļ�ϵͳ���ڵķ���λ�á�<span
-lang=EN-US>/dev/hd2</span>��ʾ�ѵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ӳ�̵ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��������������������</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>文件系统所在的分区位置。<span
+lang=EN-US>/dev/hd2</span>表示把第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个硬盘的第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个分区用作交换分区。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L23><u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u></a>
 ROOT_DEV=/dev/hd6</span></p>
@@ -3878,68 +3878,68 @@ lang=EN-US> SWAP_DEV=/dev/hd2</span></p>
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L24><u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u></a>
 </span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������<span lang=EN-US>kernel</span>Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>mm</span>Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>Ŀ¼��������Ŀ������ļ���Ϊ�˷������������ｫ������</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>下面是<span lang=EN-US>kernel</span>目录、<span
+lang=EN-US>mm</span>目录和<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>目录所产生的目标代码文件。为了方便引用在这里将它们用</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # ARCHIVES</span>���鵵�ļ�����ʶ����ʾ��</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # ARCHIVES</span>（归档文件）标识符表示。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L25><u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u></a>
 ARCHIVES=kernel/kernel.o mm/mm.o fs/fs.o</span></p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����ַ��豸���ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>'.a'</span>��ʾ���ļ��Ǹ��鵵�ļ���Ҳ�������������ִ�ж����ƴ����ӳ���</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>块和字符设备库文件。<span
+lang=EN-US>'.a'</span>表示该文件是个归档文件，也即包含有许多可执行二进制代码子程序</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���ϵĿ��ļ���ͨ������<span
-lang=EN-US>GNU</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ar</span>�������ɡ�<span lang=EN-US>ar</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>GNU</span>�Ķ������ļ������������ڴ������޸�</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>集合的库文件，通常是用<span
+lang=EN-US>GNU</span>的<span lang=EN-US>ar</span>程序生成。<span lang=EN-US>ar</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>GNU</span>的二进制文件处理程序，用于创建、修改</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�Լ��ӹ鵵�ļ��г�ȡ�ļ���</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>以及从归档文件中抽取文件。</p>
 
 <p class=2><a name=L26><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u></span></a><span
 lang=EN-US> DRIVERS =kernel/blk_drv/blk_drv.a kernel/chr_drv/chr_drv.a</span></p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L27><u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u></a>
 MATH&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =kernel/math/math.a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>��ѧ������ļ���</p>
+# </span>数学运算库文件。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L28><u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u></a>
 LIBS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =lib/lib.a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>��<span lang=EN-US>lib/</span>Ŀ¼�е��ļ����������ɵ�ͨ�ÿ��ļ���</p>
+# </span>由<span lang=EN-US>lib/</span>目录中的文件所编译生成的通用库文件。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L29><u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u></a>
 </span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������<span lang=EN-US>make</span>��ʽ����ʽ��׺���򡣸���ָʾ<span
-lang=EN-US>make</span>���������������е�<span lang=EN-US>'.c'</span>�ļ���������<span
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>下面是<span lang=EN-US>make</span>老式的隐式后缀规则。该行指示<span
+lang=EN-US>make</span>利用下面的命令将所有的<span lang=EN-US>'.c'</span>文件编译生成<span
 lang=EN-US>'.s'</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������<span lang=EN-US>':'</span>��ʾ�����Ǹù������������ʾ��<span
-lang=EN-US>gcc</span>����ǰ��<span lang=EN-US>CFLAGS</span>��ָ����ѡ���Լ���ʹ</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>汇编程序。<span lang=EN-US>':'</span>表示下面是该规则的命令。整句表示让<span
+lang=EN-US>gcc</span>采用前面<span lang=EN-US>CFLAGS</span>所指定的选项以及仅使</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��<span lang=EN-US>include/</span>Ŀ¼�е�ͷ�ļ������ʵ��ر���󲻽��л���ֹͣ��<span
-lang=EN-US>-S</span>�����Ӷ�����������ĸ���<span lang=EN-US>C</span></p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>用<span lang=EN-US>include/</span>目录中的头文件，在适当地编译后不进行汇编就停止（<span
+lang=EN-US>-S</span>），从而产生与输入的各个<span lang=EN-US>C</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�ļ���Ӧ�Ļ��������ʽ�Ĵ����ļ���Ĭ��������������Ļ������ļ���ԭ<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>�ļ���ȥ��<span lang=EN-US>'.c'</span>��</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>文件对应的汇编语言形式的代码文件。默认情况下所产生的汇编程序文件是原<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>文件名去掉<span lang=EN-US>'.c'</span>后</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�ټ���<span lang=EN-US>'.s'</span>��׺��<span
-lang=EN-US>'-o'</span>��ʾ���������ļ�����ʽ������<span lang=EN-US>'$*.s'</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>'$@'</span>�����Զ�Ŀ�������<span lang=EN-US>'$&lt;'</span></p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>再加上<span lang=EN-US>'.s'</span>后缀。<span
+lang=EN-US>'-o'</span>表示其后是输出文件的形式。其中<span lang=EN-US>'$*.s'</span>（或<span
+lang=EN-US>'$@'</span>）是自动目标变量，<span lang=EN-US>'$&lt;'</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������һ���Ⱦ����������Ｔ�Ƿ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>'*.c'</span>���ļ���</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>代表第一个先决条件，这里即是符合条件<span
+lang=EN-US>'*.c'</span>的文件。</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������<span lang=EN-US>3</span>����ͬ����ֱ����ڲ�ͬ�Ĳ���Ҫ����Ŀ����<span
-lang=EN-US>.s</span>�ļ�����Դ�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>.c</span>�ļ����ʹ</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>下面这<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个不同规则分别用于不同的操作要求。若目标是<span
+lang=EN-US>.s</span>文件，而源文件是<span lang=EN-US>.c</span>文件则会使</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�õ�һ��������Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>.o</span>����ԭ�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>.s</span>����ʹ�õ�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��������Ŀ����<span
-lang=EN-US>.o</span>�ļ���ԭ�ļ�</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>用第一个规则；若目录是<span
+lang=EN-US>.o</span>，而原文件是<span lang=EN-US>.s</span>，则使用第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个规则；若目标是<span
+lang=EN-US>.o</span>文件而原文件</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��<span lang=EN-US>c</span>�ļ������ֱ��ʹ�õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>������</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>是<span lang=EN-US>c</span>文件，则可直接使用第<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>个规则。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L30><u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u></a>
 .c.s:</span></p>
@@ -3952,12 +3952,12 @@ $(CC) $(CFLAGS) \</span></p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��ʾ������<span lang=EN-US>.s</span>�������ļ������<span
-lang=EN-US>.o</span>Ŀ���ļ��� �����ʾʹ��<span lang=EN-US>gas</span>������������������<span
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>表示将所有<span lang=EN-US>.s</span>汇编程序文件编译成<span
+lang=EN-US>.o</span>目标文件。 整句表示使用<span lang=EN-US>gas</span>编译器将汇编程序编译成<span
 lang=EN-US>.o</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>Ŀ���ļ���<span lang=EN-US>-c
-</span>��ʾֻ������࣬�����������Ӳ�����</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>目标文件。<span lang=EN-US>-c
+</span>表示只编译或汇编，但不进行连接操作。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L33><u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u></a>
 .s.o: </span></p>
@@ -3965,9 +3965,9 @@ lang=EN-US>.o</span></p>
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L34><u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 $(AS) -c -o $*.o $&lt;</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�������棬<span lang=EN-US>*.c</span>�ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>-</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>*.o</span>Ŀ���ļ��������ʾʹ��<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>��<span lang=EN-US>C</span>�����ļ������Ŀ���ļ��������ӡ�</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>类似上面，<span lang=EN-US>*.c</span>文件<span
+lang=EN-US>-</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>à</span><span
+lang=EN-US>*.o</span>目标文件。整句表示使用<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>将<span lang=EN-US>C</span>语言文件编译成目标文件但不连接。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L35><u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u></a>
 .c.o:</span></p>
@@ -3983,16 +3983,16 @@ $(CC) $(CFLAGS) \</span></p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����<span lang=EN-US>'all'</span>��ʾ����<span
-lang=EN-US>Makefile</span>��֪������Ŀ�ꡣ���Ｔ��<span lang=EN-US>Image</span>�ļ����������ɵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>Image</span>�ļ�</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>下面<span lang=EN-US>'all'</span>表示创建<span
+lang=EN-US>Makefile</span>所知的最顶层的目标。这里即是<span lang=EN-US>Image</span>文件。这里生成的<span
+lang=EN-US>Image</span>文件</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��������������ӳ���ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>bootimage</span>��������д�����̾Ϳ���ʹ�ø���������<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>ϵͳ�ˡ���</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>即是引导启动盘映像文件<span
+lang=EN-US>bootimage</span>。若将其写入软盘就可以使用该软盘引导<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>系统了。在</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # Linux</span>�½�<span
-lang=EN-US>Image</span>д�����̵�����μ�<span lang=EN-US>46</span>�С�<span lang=EN-US>DOS</span>ϵͳ�¿���ʹ������<span
-lang=EN-US>rawrite.exe</span>��</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # Linux</span>下将<span
+lang=EN-US>Image</span>写入软盘的命令参见<span lang=EN-US>46</span>行。<span lang=EN-US>DOS</span>系统下可以使用软件<span
+lang=EN-US>rawrite.exe</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L39><u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u></a>
 all:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Image</span></p>
@@ -4000,22 +4000,22 @@ all:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Image</span></p>
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L40><u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u></a>
 </span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>˵��Ŀ�꣨<span lang=EN-US>Image</span>�ļ�������ð�ź����<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>��Ԫ�ز������ֱ���<span lang=EN-US>boot/</span>Ŀ¼�е�<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>��<span
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>说明目标（<span lang=EN-US>Image</span>文件）是由冒号后面的<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>个元素产生，分别是<span lang=EN-US>boot/</span>目录中的<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>和<span
 lang=EN-US>setup</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>tools/</span>Ŀ¼�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>system</span>��<span lang=EN-US>build</span>�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>42--43</span>������ִ�е����<span
-lang=EN-US>42</span>�б�ʾʹ��<span lang=EN-US>tools</span>Ŀ</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>文件、<span lang=EN-US>tools/</span>目录中的<span
+lang=EN-US>system</span>和<span lang=EN-US>build</span>文件。<span lang=EN-US>42--43</span>行这是执行的命令。<span
+lang=EN-US>42</span>行表示使用<span lang=EN-US>tools</span>目</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>¼�µ�<span lang=EN-US>build</span>���߳��������˵��������ɣ���<span
-lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>��<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>��<span lang=EN-US>system</span>�ļ���<span
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>录下的<span lang=EN-US>build</span>工具程序（下面会说明如何生成）将<span
+lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>、<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>和<span lang=EN-US>system</span>文件以<span
 lang=EN-US>$(ROOT_DEV)</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>Ϊ���ļ�ϵͳ�豸��װ���ں�ӳ���ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>Image</span>����<span lang=EN-US>43</span>�е�<span lang=EN-US>sync</span>ͬ����������ʹ�������������д��</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>为根文件系统设备组装成内核映像文件<span
+lang=EN-US>Image</span>。第<span lang=EN-US>43</span>行的<span lang=EN-US>sync</span>同步命令是迫使缓冲块数据立即写盘</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�����³����顣</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>并更新超级块。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L41><u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u></a>
 Image: boot/bootsect boot/setup tools/system tools/build</span></p>
@@ -4032,16 +4032,16 @@ sync</span></p>
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L44><u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u></a>
 </span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��ʾ<span lang=EN-US>disk</span>���Ŀ��Ҫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>Image</span>������<span lang=EN-US>dd</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>UNIX</span>��׼�������һ���ļ�������ѡ�����ת���͸�</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>表示<span lang=EN-US>disk</span>这个目标要由<span
+lang=EN-US>Image</span>产生。<span lang=EN-US>dd</span>为<span lang=EN-US>UNIX</span>标准命令：复制一个文件，根据选项进行转换和格</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ʽ����<span lang=EN-US>bs=</span>��ʾһ�ζ�<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д���ֽ�����<span lang=EN-US>if=</span>��ʾ������ļ���<span lang=EN-US>of=</span>��ʾ��������ļ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/dev/PS0</span>��</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>式化。<span lang=EN-US>bs=</span>表示一次读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写的字节数。<span lang=EN-US>if=</span>表示输入的文件，<span lang=EN-US>of=</span>表示输出到的文件。这里<span
+lang=EN-US>/dev/PS0</span>是</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ָ��һ������������<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�豸�ļ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>����<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>ϵͳ��ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>/dev/fd0</span>��</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>指第一个软盘驱动器<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>设备文件<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。在<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>系统下使用<span
+lang=EN-US>/dev/fd0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L45><u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u></a>
 disk: Image</span></p>
@@ -4054,34 +4054,34 @@ dd bs=8192 if=Image of=/dev/PS0</span></p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L48><u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u></a>
 tools/build: tools/build.c&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>��<span lang=EN-US>tools</span>Ŀ¼�µ�<span lang=EN-US>build.c</span>��������ִ�г���<span
-lang=EN-US>build</span>��</p>
+# </span>由<span lang=EN-US>tools</span>目录下的<span lang=EN-US>build.c</span>程序生成执行程序<span
+lang=EN-US>build</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L49><u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 $(CC) $(CFLAGS) \</span></p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L50><u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
--o tools/build tools/build.c&nbsp; # </span>��������ִ�г���<span lang=EN-US>build</span>�����</p>
+-o tools/build tools/build.c&nbsp; # </span>编译生成执行程序<span lang=EN-US>build</span>的命令。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L51><u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u></a>
 </span></p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L52><u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u></a>
 boot/head.o: boot/head.s&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>�������������<span lang=EN-US>.s.o</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>head.o</span>Ŀ���ļ���</p>
+# </span>利用上面给出的<span lang=EN-US>.s.o</span>规则生成<span lang=EN-US>head.o</span>目标文件。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L53><u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u></a>
 </span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��ʾ<span lang=EN-US>tools</span>Ŀ¼�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>system</span>�ļ�Ҫ��ð���ұ����е�Ԫ�����ɡ�<span lang=EN-US>56--61</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>system</span>�����</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>表示<span lang=EN-US>tools</span>目录中的<span
+lang=EN-US>system</span>文件要由冒号右边所列的元素生成。<span lang=EN-US>56--61</span>行是生成<span
+lang=EN-US>system</span>的命令。</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����<span lang=EN-US>
-&gt; System.map </span>��ʾ<span lang=EN-US>gld</span>��Ҫ������ӳ���ض�������<span
-lang=EN-US>System.map</span>�ļ��С�</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>最后的<span lang=EN-US>
+&gt; System.map </span>表示<span lang=EN-US>gld</span>需要将连接映像重定向存放在<span
+lang=EN-US>System.map</span>文件中。</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����<span lang=EN-US>System.map</span>�ļ�����;�μ�ע�ͺ��˵����</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>关于<span lang=EN-US>System.map</span>文件的用途参见注释后的说明。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L54><u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u></a>
 tools/system:&nbsp;&nbsp; boot/head.o init/main.o \</span></p>
@@ -4110,9 +4110,9 @@ $(LIBS) \</span></p>
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L62><u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u></a>
 </span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��ѧЭ���������ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>math.a</span>��<span lang=EN-US>64</span>���ϵ�����ʵ�֣�����<span lang=EN-US>kernel/math/</span>Ŀ¼������<span
-lang=EN-US>make</span>���߳���</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>数学协处理函数文件<span
+lang=EN-US>math.a</span>由<span lang=EN-US>64</span>行上的命令实现：进入<span lang=EN-US>kernel/math/</span>目录；运行<span
+lang=EN-US>make</span>工具程序。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L63><u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u></a>
 kernel/math/math.a:</span></p>
@@ -4125,7 +4125,7 @@ kernel/math/math.a:</span></p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L66><u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u></a>
 kernel/blk_drv/blk_drv.a:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>���ɿ��豸���ļ�<span lang=EN-US>blk_drv.a</span>�����к��п��ض�λĿ���ļ���</p>
+# </span>生成块设备库文件<span lang=EN-US>blk_drv.a</span>，其中含有可重定位目标文件。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L67><u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (cd kernel/blk_drv; make)</span></p>
@@ -4135,7 +4135,7 @@ kernel/blk_drv/blk_drv.a:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L69><u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u></a>
 kernel/chr_drv/chr_drv.a:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>�����ַ��豸�����ļ�<span lang=EN-US>chr_drv.a</span>��</p>
+# </span>生成字符设备函数文件<span lang=EN-US>chr_drv.a</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L70><u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(cd kernel/chr_drv; make)</span></p>
@@ -4145,7 +4145,7 @@ kernel/chr_drv/chr_drv.a:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L72><u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u></a>
 kernel/kernel.o:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>�ں�Ŀ��ģ��<span lang=EN-US>kernel.o </span></p>
+# </span>内核目标模块<span lang=EN-US>kernel.o </span></p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L73><u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (cd kernel; make) </span></p>
@@ -4155,7 +4155,7 @@ kernel/kernel.o:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L75><u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u></a>
 mm/mm.o:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>�ڴ����ģ��<span lang=EN-US>mm.o </span></p>
+# </span>内存管理模块<span lang=EN-US>mm.o </span></p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L76><u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (cd mm; make) </span></p>
@@ -4165,7 +4165,7 @@ mm/mm.o:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L78><u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u></a><u><span
 style='color:blue'>0</span></u> fs/fs.o:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>�ļ�ϵͳĿ��ģ��<span lang=EN-US>fs.o </span></p>
+# </span>文件系统目标模块<span lang=EN-US>fs.o </span></p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L79><u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (cd fs; make) </span></p>
@@ -4175,7 +4175,7 @@ style='color:blue'>0</span></u> fs/fs.o:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L81><u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u></a>
 lib/lib.a:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>�⺯��<span lang=EN-US>lib.a </span></p>
+# </span>库函数<span lang=EN-US>lib.a </span></p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L82><u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (cd lib; make) </span></p>
@@ -4185,27 +4185,27 @@ lib/lib.a:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L84><u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u></a>
 boot/setup: boot/setup.s&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>���￪ʼ��������ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>8086</span>����������</p>
+# </span>这里开始的三行是使用<span lang=EN-US>8086</span>汇编和连接器</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L85><u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-$(AS86) -o boot/setup.o boot/setup.s &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>�ļ����б�������<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>�ļ���</p>
+$(AS86) -o boot/setup.o boot/setup.s &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>对<span
+lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>文件进行编译生成<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>文件。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L86><u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-$(LD86) -s -o boot/setup boot/setup.o&nbsp;&nbsp; # -s </span>ѡ���ʾҪȥ��Ŀ���ļ��еķ�����Ϣ��</p>
+$(LD86) -s -o boot/setup boot/setup.o&nbsp;&nbsp; # -s </span>选项表示要去除目标文件中的符号信息。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L87><u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u></a>
 </span></p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>
 boot/setup.s:&nbsp;&nbsp; boot/setup.S include/linux/config.h&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>ִ��<span lang=EN-US>C</span>����Ԥ�������滻<span lang=EN-US>*.S</span>��
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>执行<span lang=EN-US>C</span>语言预处理，替换<span lang=EN-US>*.S</span>文
 </p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u><span
 style='color:blue'> </span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$(CPP)
--traditional boot/setup.S -o boot/setup.s&nbsp; # </span>���еĺ����ɶ�Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>*.s</span>�ļ���</p>
+-traditional boot/setup.S -o boot/setup.s&nbsp; # </span>件中的宏生成对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>*.s</span>文件。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -4221,7 +4221,7 @@ style='color:blue'> </span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$(CPP
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L88><u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u></a>
 boot/bootsect:&nbsp; boot/bootsect.s&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>ͬ�ϡ�����<span lang=EN-US>bootsect.o</span>���������顣</p>
+# </span>同上。生成<span lang=EN-US>bootsect.o</span>磁盘引导块。</p>
 
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L89><u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u></a><u><span
 style='color:blue'>7</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -4233,11 +4233,11 @@ $(LD86) -s -o boot/bootsect boot/bootsect.o</span></p>
 <p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L91><u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u></a>
 </span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>��ִ��<span lang=EN-US>'make
-clean'</span>ʱ���ͻ�ִ��<span lang=EN-US>98--103</span>���ϵ����ȥ�����б����������ɵ��ļ���</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>当执行<span lang=EN-US>'make
+clean'</span>时，就会执行<span lang=EN-US>98--103</span>行上的命令，去除所有编译连接生成的文件。</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 'rm'</span>���ļ�ɾ�����ѡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>-f</span>�����Ǻ��Բ����ڵ��ļ������Ҳ���ʾɾ����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 'rm'</span>是文件删除命令，选项<span
+lang=EN-US>-f</span>含义是忽略不存在的文件，并且不显示删除信息。</p>
 
 <p class=2><a name=L97><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> clean: </span></p>
@@ -4256,8 +4256,8 @@ tools/system tools/build boot/*.o</span></p>
 
 <p class=2><a name=L100><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (cd mm;make clean)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>����<span lang=EN-US>mm/</span>Ŀ¼��ִ�и�Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>Makefile</span>�ļ��е�<span
-lang=EN-US>clean</span>����</p>
+# </span>进入<span lang=EN-US>mm/</span>目录；执行该目录<span lang=EN-US>Makefile</span>文件中的<span
+lang=EN-US>clean</span>规则。</p>
 
 <p class=2><a name=L101><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (cd fs;make clean)</span></p>
@@ -4272,20 +4272,20 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (cd lib;make clean)<
 <p class=2><a name=L104><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>108</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�ù�������ִ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>clean</span>����Ȼ���<span lang=EN-US>linux/</span>Ŀ¼����ѹ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>'backup.Z'</span>ѹ���ļ���</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>该规则将首先执行上面的<span
+lang=EN-US>clean</span>规则，然后对<span lang=EN-US>linux/</span>目录进行压缩，生成<span
+lang=EN-US>'backup.Z'</span>压缩文件。</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 'cd .. '</span>��ʾ�˵�<span
-lang=EN-US>linux/</span>����һ��������Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>'tar cf - linux'</span>��ʾ��<span
-lang=EN-US>linux/</span>Ŀ¼ִ��<span lang=EN-US>tar</span>�鵵</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 'cd .. '</span>表示退到<span
+lang=EN-US>linux/</span>的上一级（父）目录；<span lang=EN-US>'tar cf - linux'</span>表示对<span
+lang=EN-US>linux/</span>目录执行<span lang=EN-US>tar</span>归档</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����<span lang=EN-US>'-cf'</span>��ʾ��Ҫ�����µĹ鵵�ļ�
-<span lang=EN-US>'| compress -'</span>��ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>tar</span>�����ִ��ͨ���ܵ�����<span
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>程序。<span lang=EN-US>'-cf'</span>表示需要创建新的归档文件
+<span lang=EN-US>'| compress -'</span>表示将<span lang=EN-US>tar</span>程序的执行通过管道操作<span
 lang=EN-US>('|')</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���ݸ�ѹ������<span
-lang=EN-US>compress</span>������ѹ�������������<span lang=EN-US>backup.Z</span>�ļ���</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>传递给压缩程序<span
+lang=EN-US>compress</span>，并将压缩程序的输出存成<span lang=EN-US>backup.Z</span>文件。</p>
 
 <p class=2><a name=L105><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>109</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> backup: clean</span></p>
@@ -4296,7 +4296,7 @@ linux | compress - &gt; backup.Z)</span></p>
 
 <p class=2><a name=L107><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>111</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sync&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>��ʹ�������������д�̲����´��̳����顣</p>
+# </span>迫使缓冲块数据立即写盘并更新磁盘超级块。</p>
 
 <p class=2><a name=L108><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>112</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -4304,41 +4304,41 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=2><a name=L109><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> dep:&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=2 style='text-indent:20.0pt'><span lang=EN-US># </span>��Ŀ���������ڲ������ļ�֮���������ϵ��������Щ������ϵ��Ϊ����<span
-lang=EN-US>make</span>������������ȷ��</p>
+<p class=2 style='text-indent:20.0pt'><span lang=EN-US># </span>该目标或规则用于产生各文件之间的依赖关系。创建这些依赖关系是为了让<span
+lang=EN-US>make</span>命令用它们来确定</p>
 
-<p class=2 style='text-indent:20.0pt'><span lang=EN-US># </span>�Ƿ���Ҫ�ؽ�һ��Ŀ����󡣱��統ĳ��ͷ�ļ����Ķ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>make</span>����ͨ�����ɵ�������ϵ������</p>
+<p class=2 style='text-indent:20.0pt'><span lang=EN-US># </span>是否需要重建一个目标对象。比如当某个头文件被改动过后，<span
+lang=EN-US>make</span>就能通过生成的依赖关系，重新</p>
 
-<p class=2 style='text-indent:20.0pt'><span lang=EN-US># </span>�������ͷ�ļ��йص�����<span
-lang=EN-US>*.c</span>�ļ������巽�����£�</p>
+<p class=2 style='text-indent:20.0pt'><span lang=EN-US># </span>编译与该头文件有关的所有<span
+lang=EN-US>*.c</span>文件。具体方法如下：</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ʹ���ַ����༭����<span
-lang=EN-US>sed</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Makefile</span>�ļ������Ｔ�Ǳ��ļ������д��������Ϊɾ����<span
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>使用字符串编辑程序<span
+lang=EN-US>sed</span>对<span lang=EN-US>Makefile</span>文件（这里即是本文件）进行处理，输出为删除了<span
 lang=EN-US>Makefile</span></p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>'###
-Dependencies'</span>�к���������У���ɾ���������<span lang=EN-US>122</span>��ʼ���ļ�ĩ�������У�������</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>文件中<span lang=EN-US>'###
+Dependencies'</span>行后面的所有行，即删除了下面从<span lang=EN-US>122</span>开始到文件末的所有行，并生成</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>һ����ʱ�ļ�<span lang=EN-US>tmp_make</span>��Ҳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>114</span>�е����ã���Ȼ���ָ��Ŀ¼�£�<span lang=EN-US>init/</span>����ÿһ��<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>�ļ�����ʵ</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>一个临时文件<span lang=EN-US>tmp_make</span>（也即<span
+lang=EN-US>114</span>行的作用）。然后对指定目录下（<span lang=EN-US>init/</span>）的每一个<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>文件（其实</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;# </span>ֻ��һ���ļ�<span lang=EN-US>main.c</span>��ִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>gcc</span>Ԥ������������־<span lang=EN-US>'-M'</span>����Ԥ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>cpp</span>�������ÿ��Ŀ���ļ�</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;# </span>只有一个文件<span lang=EN-US>main.c</span>）执行<span
+lang=EN-US>gcc</span>预处理操作。标志<span lang=EN-US>'-M'</span>告诉预处理程序<span
+lang=EN-US>cpp</span>输出描述每个目标文件</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����ԵĹ��򣬲�����Щ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>make</span>�﷨������ÿһ��Դ�ļ���Ԥ������������һ��������</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>相关性的规则，并且这些规则符合<span
+lang=EN-US>make</span>语法。对于每一个源文件，预处理程序会输出一个规则，其</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�����ʽ������ӦԴ�����ļ���Ŀ���ļ���������������ϵ������Դ�ļ��а���������ͷ�ļ��б���</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>结果形式就是相应源程序文件的目标文件名加上其依赖关系，即该源文件中包含的所有头文件列表。</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>Ȼ���Ԥ������������ӵ���ʱ�ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>tmp_make</span>�У���󽫸���ʱ�ļ����Ƴ��µ�<span lang=EN-US>Makefile</span>�ļ���</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>然后把预处理结果都添加到临时文件<span
+lang=EN-US>tmp_make</span>中，最后将该临时文件复制成新的<span lang=EN-US>Makefile</span>文件。</p>
 
-<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 115</span>���ϵ�<span lang=EN-US>'$$i'</span>ʵ������<span
-lang=EN-US>'$($i) '</span>������<span lang=EN-US>'$i'</span>�����ǰ���<span
-lang=EN-US>shell</span>����<span lang=EN-US>'i'</span>��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=2><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 115</span>行上的<span lang=EN-US>'$$i'</span>实际上是<span
+lang=EN-US>'$($i) '</span>。这里<span lang=EN-US>'$i'</span>是这句前面的<span
+lang=EN-US>shell</span>变量<span lang=EN-US>'i'</span>的值。</p>
 
 <p class=2><a name=L110><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sed '/\#\#\#
@@ -4354,8 +4354,8 @@ Makefile</span></p>
 
 <p class=2><a name=L113><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (cd fs; make dep)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/</span>Ŀ¼�µ�<span lang=EN-US>Makefile</span>�ļ�Ҳ��ͬ���Ĵ�����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>对<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/</span>目录下的<span lang=EN-US>Makefile</span>文件也作同样的处理。</p>
 
 <p class=2><a name=L114><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (cd kernel; make
@@ -4416,12 +4416,12 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<h1><a name="_Toc493447967"></a><a name="_Toc493447371"><span lang=EN-US>��6�� </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������������</span></a></h1>
+<h1><a name="_Toc493447967"></a><a name="_Toc493447371"><span lang=EN-US>第6章 </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>引导启动程序</span></a></h1>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447968"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447372"></a><a name="_Toc53320597"><span lang=EN-US>6.1 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>6 &#8209;</span></a><span
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>6 &#8209;</span></a><span
 lang=EN-US>1</span><span lang=EN-US> linux/boot/bootsect.S</span></h2>
 
 <div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -4443,66 +4443,66 @@ lang=EN-US>1</span><span lang=EN-US> linux/boot/bootsect.S</span></h2>
 ! versions of linux</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;! SYS_SIZE</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ҫ���ص�ϵͳģ�鳤�ȣ���λ�ǽڣ�ÿ��</span><span lang=EN-US>16</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڡ�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x3000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x30000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽ�</span><span lang=EN-US>=196KB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>是要加载的系统模块长度，单位是节，每节</span><span lang=EN-US>16</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节。</span><span lang=EN-US>0x3000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>共为</span><span lang=EN-US>0x30000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节</span><span lang=EN-US>=196KB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>1024</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽ�Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>1KB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ƣ���Ӧ����</span><span lang=EN-US>192KB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ڵ�ǰ�ں˰汾����ռ䳤�����㹻�ˡ�����ֵΪ</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>若以</span><span lang=EN-US>1024</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节为</span><span lang=EN-US>1KB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>计，则应该是</span><span lang=EN-US>192KB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。对于当前内核版本这个空间长度已足够了。当该值为</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x8000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ʱ����ʾ�ں����Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>512KB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����Ϊ�ڴ�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x90000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ʼ����ƶ����</span><span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>setup</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>时，表示内核最大为</span><span lang=EN-US>512KB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。因为内存</span><span lang=EN-US>0x90000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处开始存放移动后的</span><span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>setup</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ĵ��룬��˸�ֵ��󲻵ó���</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ʾ</span><span lang=EN-US>584KB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>的代码，因此该值最大不得超过</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>（表示</span><span lang=EN-US>584KB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����̾��</span><span lang=EN-US>'!'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ֺ�</span><span lang=EN-US>';'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʾ����ע����俪ʼ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>这里感叹号</span><span lang=EN-US>'!'</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>或分号</span><span lang=EN-US>';'</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>表示程序注释语句开始。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u>
 !</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ͷ�ļ�</span><span lang=EN-US>linux/config.h</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ж������ں��õ���һЩ�������ź�</span><span lang=EN-US>Linus</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Լ�ʹ�õ�Ĭ��Ӳ�̲����顣</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>头文件</span><span lang=EN-US>linux/config.h</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中定义了内核用到的一些常数符号和</span><span lang=EN-US>Linus</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>自己使用的默认硬盘参数块。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ж���������һЩ������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>例如其中定义了以下一些常数：</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! DEF_SYSSIZE&nbsp; =
-0x3000 - </span><span style='font-family:����'>Ĭ��ϵͳģ�鳤�ȡ���λ�ǽڣ�ÿ��Ϊ</span><span
-lang=EN-US>16</span><span style='font-family:����'>�ֽڣ�</span></p>
+0x3000 - </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>默认系统模块长度。单位是节，每节为</span><span
+lang=EN-US>16</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>字节；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! DEF_INITSEG&nbsp; =
-0x9000 - </span><span style='font-family:����'>Ĭ�ϱ���������ƶ�Ŀ�Ķ�λ�ã�</span></p>
+0x9000 - </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>默认本程序代码移动目的段位置；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! DEF_SETUPSEG = 0x9020
-- </span><span style='font-family:����'>Ĭ��</span><span lang=EN-US>setup</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������λ�ã�</span></p>
+- </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>默认</span><span lang=EN-US>setup</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序代码段位置；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! DEF_SYSSEG&nbsp;&nbsp;
-= 0x1000 - </span><span style='font-family:����'>Ĭ�ϴӴ��̼���ϵͳģ�鵽�ڴ�Ķ�λ�á�</span></p>
+= 0x1000 - </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>默认从磁盘加载系统模块到内存的段位置。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u>
 #include &lt;linux/config.h&gt;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 SYSSIZE = DEF_SYSSIZE&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>����һ����Ż���š�ָ���������Ӻ�</span><span lang=EN-US>system</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ģ��Ĵ�С��</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>定义一个标号或符号。指明编译连接后</span><span lang=EN-US>system</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>模块的大小。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
 !</span></p>
@@ -4563,126 +4563,126 @@ bootsect.s&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ǰ�����ֵ����ģ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>以下是前面文字的译文：</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bootsect.s&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (C) 1991 Linus Torvalds </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-Drew Eckhardt</span><span style='font-family:����'>�޸�</span></p>
+Drew Eckhardt</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>修改</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! bootsect.s </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ӳ��������</span><span lang=EN-US>0x7c00 (31KB)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���������Լ��Ƶ��˵�ַ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x90000</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>被</span><span lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>启动子程序加载至</span><span lang=EN-US>0x7c00 (31KB)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处，并将自己移到了地址</span><span lang=EN-US>0x90000</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! (576KB)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������ת�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>处，并跳转至那里。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ȼ��ʹ��</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�жϽ�</span><span lang=EN-US>'setup'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ֱ�Ӽ��ص��Լ��ĺ���</span><span lang=EN-US>(0x90200)(576.5KB)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>system</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>它然后使用</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中断将</span><span lang=EN-US>'setup'</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>直接加载到自己的后面</span><span lang=EN-US>(0x90200)(576.5KB)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，并将</span><span lang=EN-US>system</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>加</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ص���ַ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>载到地址</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ע��</span><span lang=EN-US>! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ŀǰ���ں�ϵͳ��󳤶�����Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>(8*65536)(512KB)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڣ���ʹ���ڽ�����ҲӦ��û����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>注意</span><span lang=EN-US>! </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>目前的内核系统最大长度限制为</span><span lang=EN-US>(8*65536)(512KB)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节，即使是在将来这也应该没有问</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ġ������������ּ����ˡ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>512KB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ں˳���Ӧ���㹻�ˣ�����������û����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>题的。我想让它保持简单明了。这样</span><span lang=EN-US>512KB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的最大内核长度应该足够了，尤其是这里没有象</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! MINIX</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��һ���������������ٻ��塣</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>中一样包含缓冲区高速缓冲。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���س����Ѿ����ù����ˣ����Գ����ض�����������������ѭ����ֻ���ֹ�������ֻҪ���ܣ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>加载程序已经做得够简单了，所以持续地读操作出错将导致死循环。只能手工重启。只要可能，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ͨ��һ�ζ�ȡ���е����������ع��̿������úܿ졣</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>通过一次读取所有的扇区，加载过程可以做得很快。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>αָ�α��������</span><span lang=EN-US>.globl</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>.global</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڶ������ı�ʶ�����ⲿ�Ļ�ȫ�ֵģ����Ҽ�ʹ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>伪指令（伪操作符）</span><span lang=EN-US>.globl</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>或</span><span lang=EN-US>.global</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>用于定义随后的标识符是外部的或全局的，并且即使不</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ʹ��Ҳǿ�����롣</span> <span lang=EN-US>.text</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>.data</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>.bss</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڷֱ��嵱ǰ����Ρ����ݶκ�δ��ʼ�����ݶΡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>使用也强制引入。</span> <span lang=EN-US>.text</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>.data</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>.bss</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>用于分别定义当前代码段、数据段和未初始化数据段。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����Ӷ��Ŀ��ģ��ʱ�����ӳ���</span><span lang=EN-US>ld86</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������ǵ����Ѹ���Ŀ��ģ���е���Ӧ�ηֱ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>在链接多个目标模块时，链接程序（</span><span lang=EN-US>ld86</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）会根据它们的类别把各个目标模块中的相应段分别</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ϣ��ϲ�����һ������������ζ�������ͬһ�ص���ַ��Χ�У���˱�����ʵ���ϲ��ֶΡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>组合（合并）在一起。这里把三个段都定义在同一重叠地址范围中，因此本程序实际上不分段。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���⣬�����ð�ŵ��ַ����Ǳ�ţ����������</span><span lang=EN-US>'begtext:'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>另外，后面带冒号的字符串是标号，例如下面的</span><span lang=EN-US>'begtext:'</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>һ��������ͨ���ɱ�ţ���ѡ����ָ�����Ƿ���ָ�������Ͳ����������ֶ���ɡ����λ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>一条汇编语句通常由标号（可选）、指令助记符（指令名）和操作数三个字段组成。标号位于</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>һ��ָ��ĵ�һ���ֶΡ�������������λ�õĵ�ַ��ͨ��ָ��һ����תָ���Ŀ��λ�á�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>一条指令的第一个字段。它代表其所在位置的地址，通常指明一个跳转指令的目标位置。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 .globl begtext, begdata, begbss, endtext, enddata, endbss</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 .text&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�ı��Σ�����Σ���</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>文本段（代码段）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 begtext:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 .data&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>���ݶΡ�</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>数据段。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 begdata:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 .bss&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>δ��ʼ�����ݶΡ�</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>未初始化数据段。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 begbss:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 .text&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�ı��Σ�����Σ���</span></p>
+&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>文本段（代码段）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����Ⱥ�</span><span lang=EN-US>'='</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����</span><span lang=EN-US>'EQU'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڶ����ʶ��������������ֵ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面等号</span><span lang=EN-US>'='</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>或符号</span><span lang=EN-US>'EQU'</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>用于定义标识符或标号所代表的值。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>
 SETUPLEN =
@@ -4690,8 +4690,8 @@ SETUPLEN =
 ! nr of setup-sectors</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! setup</span><span style='font-family:����'>�������ռ�ô���������</span><span lang=EN-US>(setup-sectors)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ֵ��</span></p>
+! setup</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>程序代码占用磁盘扇区数</span><span lang=EN-US>(setup-sectors)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>值；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 BOOTSEG&nbsp; =
@@ -4699,7 +4699,7 @@ BOOTSEG&nbsp; =
 ! original address of boot-sector</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! bootsect</span><span style='font-family:����'>���������ڴ�ԭʼ�ε�ַ��</span></p>
+! bootsect</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>代码所在内存原始段地址；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
 INITSEG&nbsp; =
@@ -4707,9 +4707,9 @@ DEF_INITSEG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 ! we move boot here - out of the way</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ƶ�λ��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x90000 - </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ܿ�ϵͳģ��ռ�ô���</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>将</span><span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>移到位置</span><span lang=EN-US>0x90000 - </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>避开系统模块占用处；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 SETUPSEG =
@@ -4717,8 +4717,8 @@ DEF_SETUPSEG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ! setup starts here</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! setup</span><span style='font-family:����'>������ڴ�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x90200</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ʼ��</span></p>
+! setup</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>程序从内存</span><span lang=EN-US>0x90200</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处开始；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 SYSSEG&nbsp;&nbsp; =
@@ -4726,16 +4726,16 @@ DEF_SYSSEG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs
 ! system loaded at 0x10000 (65536).</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! system</span><span style='font-family:����'>ģ����ص�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>64 KB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span></p>
+! system</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>模块加载到</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>（</span><span lang=EN-US>64 KB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）处；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>
 ENDSEG&nbsp;&nbsp; = SYSSEG + SYSSIZE&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ! where to stop loading</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>ֹͣ���صĶε�ַ��</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>停止加载的段地址；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 </span></p>
@@ -4744,248 +4744,248 @@ ENDSEG&nbsp;&nbsp; = SYSSEG + SYSSIZE&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ! ROOT_DEV &amp; SWAP_DEV are now written by &quot;build&quot;.</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ļ�ϵͳ�豸��</span><span lang=EN-US>ROOT_DEV</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ͽ����豸��</span><span lang=EN-US>SWAP_DEV </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>tools</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ŀ¼�µ�</span><span lang=EN-US>build</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����д�롣</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>根文件系统设备号</span><span lang=EN-US>ROOT_DEV</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>和交换设备号</span><span lang=EN-US>SWAP_DEV </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>现在由</span><span lang=EN-US>tools</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>目录下的</span><span lang=EN-US>build</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序写入。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�豸��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x306</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ�����ļ�ϵͳ�豸�ǵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ӳ�̵ĵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������������</span><span lang=EN-US>Linus</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ӳ����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>设备号</span><span lang=EN-US>0x306</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指定根文件系统设备是第</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个硬盘的第</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个分区。当年</span><span lang=EN-US>Linus</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>是在第</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个硬盘上</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��װ��</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux 0.11</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ϵͳ����������</span><span lang=EN-US>ROOT_DEV</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x306</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڱ�������ں�ʱ����Ը���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>安装了</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux 0.11</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>系统，所以这里</span><span lang=EN-US>ROOT_DEV</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>被设置为</span><span lang=EN-US>0x306</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。在编译这个内核时你可以根据</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Լ����ļ�ϵͳ�����豸λ���޸�����豸�š�����豸����</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ϵͳ��ʽ��Ӳ���豸����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>自己根文件系统所在设备位置修改这个设备号。这个设备号是</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>系统老式的硬盘设备号命</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ʽ��Ӳ���豸�ž���ֵ�ĺ������£�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>名方式，硬盘设备号具体值的含义如下：</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�豸��</span><span lang=EN-US>=</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���豸��</span><span lang=EN-US>*256 + </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���豸�ţ�Ҳ��</span><span lang=EN-US>dev_no = (major&lt;&lt;8)
-+ minor </span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>设备号</span><span lang=EN-US>=</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>主设备号</span><span lang=EN-US>*256 + </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>次设备号（也即</span><span lang=EN-US>dev_no = (major&lt;&lt;8)
++ minor </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>）</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����豸�ţ�</span><span lang=EN-US>1-</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ڴ�</span><span lang=EN-US>,2-</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>,3-</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ӳ��</span><span lang=EN-US>,4-ttyx,5-tty,6-</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���п�</span><span lang=EN-US>,7-</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ܵ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>（主设备号：</span><span lang=EN-US>1-</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>内存</span><span lang=EN-US>,2-</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>磁盘</span><span lang=EN-US>,3-</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>硬盘</span><span lang=EN-US>,4-ttyx,5-tty,6-</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>并行口</span><span lang=EN-US>,7-</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>非命名管道）</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x300 - /dev/hd0 - </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ӳ�̣�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>代表整个第</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个硬盘；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x301 - /dev/hd1 - </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>���̵ĵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span style='font-family:����'>��������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>第</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>个盘的第</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>个分区；</span></p>
 
-<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !&nbsp; ��</span></p>
+<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !&nbsp; …</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x304 - /dev/hd4 - </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>���̵ĵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span style='font-family:����'>��������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>第</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>个盘的第</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>个分区；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x305 - /dev/hd5 - </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ӳ�̣�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>代表整个第</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个硬盘；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x306 - /dev/hd6 - </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>���̵ĵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span style='font-family:����'>��������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>第</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>个盘的第</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>个分区；</span></p>
 
-<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !&nbsp; ��</span></p>
+<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !&nbsp; …</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x309 - /dev/hd9 - </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>���̵ĵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span style='font-family:����'>��������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>第</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>个盘的第</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>个分区；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ں�</span><span lang=EN-US>0.95</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����Ѿ�ʹ���������ں���ͬ�����������ˡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>从</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>内核</span><span lang=EN-US>0.95</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>版后就已经使用与现在内核相同的命名方法了。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 ROOT_DEV = 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>���ļ�ϵͳ�豸ʹ����ϵͳ����ʱͬ�����豸��</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>根文件系统设备使用与系统引导时同样的设备；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>
 SWAP_DEV = 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�����豸ʹ����ϵͳ����ʱͬ�����豸��</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>交换设备使用与系统引导时同样的设备；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>αָ��</span><span lang=EN-US>entry</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʹ���ӳ��������ɵ�ִ�г���</span><span lang=EN-US>a.out</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���а���ָ���ı�ʶ�����š�������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>伪指令</span><span lang=EN-US>entry</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>迫使链接程序在生成的执行程序（</span><span lang=EN-US>a.out</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）中包含指定的标识符或标号。这里是</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ִ�п�ʼ�㡣</span><span lang=EN-US>49 -- 58</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ǽ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>(bootsect)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ŀǰ��λ��</span><span lang=EN-US> 0x07c0(31KB) </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ƶ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序执行开始点。</span><span lang=EN-US>49 -- 58</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行作用是将自身</span><span lang=EN-US>(bootsect)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>从目前段位置</span><span lang=EN-US> 0x07c0(31KB) </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>移动到</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x9000(576KB) </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>256</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�֣�</span><span lang=EN-US>512</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڣ���Ȼ����ת���ƶ�������</span><span lang=EN-US>go</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ŵ���Ҳ������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>处，共</span><span lang=EN-US>256</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字（</span><span lang=EN-US>512</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节），然后跳转到移动后代码的</span><span lang=EN-US>go</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>标号处，也即本程</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����һ��䴦��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>序的下一语句处。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 entry start&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>��֪���ӳ��򣬳����</span><span lang=EN-US>start</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ſ�ʼִ�С�</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>告知链接程序，程序从</span><span lang=EN-US>start</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>标号开始执行。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
 start:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,#BOOTSEG&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ds</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�μĴ�����Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x7C0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>将</span><span lang=EN-US>ds</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>段寄存器置为</span><span lang=EN-US>0x7C0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ds,ax</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,#INITSEG &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>es</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�μĴ�����Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>将</span><span lang=EN-US>es</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>段寄存器置为</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; es,ax</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,#256&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�����ƶ�����ֵ</span><span lang=EN-US>=256</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�֣�</span><span lang=EN-US>512</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڣ���</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>设置移动计数值</span><span lang=EN-US>=256</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字（</span><span lang=EN-US>512</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节）；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 sub&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,si&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>Դ��ַ</span><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>源地址</span><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ds:si = 0x07C0:0x0000</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 sub&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,di&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>Ŀ�ĵ�ַ</span><span lang=EN-US> es:di =
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>目的地址</span><span lang=EN-US> es:di =
 0x9000:0x0000</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 rep&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�ظ�ִ�в��ݼ�</span><span lang=EN-US>cx</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ֵ��ֱ��</span><span lang=EN-US>cx = 0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ϊֹ��</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>重复执行并递减</span><span lang=EN-US>cx</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的值，直到</span><span lang=EN-US>cx = 0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>为止。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 movw&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>movs</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ����ڴ�</span><span lang=EN-US>[si]</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ƶ�</span><span lang=EN-US>cx</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ֵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>[di]</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>即</span><span lang=EN-US>movs</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指令。从内存</span><span lang=EN-US>[si]</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处移动</span><span lang=EN-US>cx</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个字到</span><span lang=EN-US>[di]</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmpi&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; go,INITSEG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�μ���ת��</span><span lang=EN-US>Jump
-Intersegment</span><span style='font-family:����'>��������</span><span lang=EN-US>INITSEG</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>段间跳转（</span><span lang=EN-US>Jump
+Intersegment</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>）。这里</span><span lang=EN-US>INITSEG</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>ָ����ת���Ķε�ַ�����</span><span
-lang=EN-US>go</span><span style='font-family:����'>�Ƕ���ƫ�Ƶ�ַ��</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>指出跳转到的段地址，标号</span><span
+lang=EN-US>go</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>是段内偏移地址。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>
 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����濪ʼ��</span><span lang=EN-US>CPU</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ƶ���</span><span lang=EN-US>0x90000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ�ô��Ĵ�����ִ�С�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>从下面开始，</span><span lang=EN-US>CPU</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>在已移动到</span><span lang=EN-US>0x90000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位置处的代码中执行。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��δ������ü����μĴ���������ջ�Ĵ���</span><span lang=EN-US>ss</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>sp</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ջָ��</span><span lang=EN-US>sp</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ֻҪָ��Զ����</span><span lang=EN-US>512</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽ�ƫ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>这段代码设置几个段寄存器，包括栈寄存器</span><span lang=EN-US>ss</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>sp</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。栈指针</span><span lang=EN-US>sp</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>只要指向远大于</span><span lang=EN-US>512</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节偏移</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ַ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x90200</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���������ԡ���Ϊ��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x90200</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ַ��ʼ����Ҫ����</span><span lang=EN-US>setup</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���򣬶���ʱ</span><span lang=EN-US>setup</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>（即地址</span><span lang=EN-US>0x90200</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）处都可以。因为从</span><span lang=EN-US>0x90200</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>地址开始处还要放置</span><span lang=EN-US>setup</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序，而此时</span><span lang=EN-US>setup</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ԼΪ</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����������</span><span lang=EN-US>sp</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ҫָ����ڣ�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x200 + 0x200 * 4 +</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ջ��С��λ�ô�������</span><span lang=EN-US>sp</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序大约为</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个扇区，因此</span><span lang=EN-US>sp</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>要指向大于（</span><span lang=EN-US>0x200 + 0x200 * 4 +</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>堆栈大小）位置处。这里</span><span lang=EN-US>sp</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����Ϊ</span> <span lang=EN-US>0x9ff00 - 12</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����������ȣ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>sp = 0xfef4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڴ�֮��λ�û���һ���Խ�������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>设置为</span> <span lang=EN-US>0x9ff00 - 12</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>（参数表长度），即</span><span lang=EN-US>sp = 0xfef4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。在此之上位置会存放一个自建的驱动</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������������˵����ʵ����</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������������ص�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x7c00 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ִ��Ȩ������������ʱ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>器参数表，见下面说明。实际上</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>把引导扇区加载到</span><span lang=EN-US>0x7c00 </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处并把执行权交给引导程序时，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! ss = 0x00</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>sp = 0xfffe</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>sp = 0xfffe</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���⣬��</span><span lang=EN-US>65</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>push</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ�����������������ʱ�Ѷ�ֵ������ջ�У�Ȼ�������ִ�����жϴŵ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>另外，第</span><span lang=EN-US>65</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行上</span><span lang=EN-US>push</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指令的期望作用是想暂时把段值保留在栈中，然后等下面执行完判断磁道</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���������ٵ���ջ�������μĴ���</span> <span lang=EN-US>fs</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>gs</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ֵ����</span><span lang=EN-US>109</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�У����������ڵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>67</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>68</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������޸�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>扇区数后再弹出栈，并给段寄存器</span> <span lang=EN-US>fs</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>gs</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>赋值（第</span><span lang=EN-US>109</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行）。但是由于第</span><span lang=EN-US>67</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>68</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>两语句修改</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ջ�ε�λ�ã���˳�����ִ��ջ��������֮ǰ��ջ�λָ���ԭλ�ã�����������ƾ��Ǵ���ġ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>了栈段的位置，因此除非在执行栈弹出操作之前把栈段恢复到原位置，否则这样设计就是错误的。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������һ��</span><span lang=EN-US>bug</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ķ���֮һ��ȥ����</span><span lang=EN-US>65</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�У����ѵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>109</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���޸ĳɡ�</span><span lang=EN-US>mov ax,cs</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>因此这里存在一个</span><span lang=EN-US>bug</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。改正的方法之一是去掉第</span><span lang=EN-US>65</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行，并把第</span><span lang=EN-US>109</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行修改成“</span><span lang=EN-US>mov ax,cs</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>”。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>
 go:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ax,cs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ds</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>es</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ss</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ó��ƶ���������ڵĶδ�</span><span lang=EN-US>(0x9000)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>将</span><span lang=EN-US>ds</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>es</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>ss</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>都置成移动后代码所在的段处</span><span lang=EN-US>(0x9000)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -5004,10 +5004,10 @@ mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; es,ax</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 push&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ʱ�����ֵ��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>109</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʹ�á�����ͷ</span><span lang=EN-US>!</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>临时保存段值（</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>），供</span><span lang=EN-US>109</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行使用。（滑头</span><span lang=EN-US>!</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>
 </span></p>
@@ -5079,71 +5079,71 @@ fs = 0, gs = parameter table segment</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-family:����'>���ڶ���������������������������Ĭ�ϴ��̲�������ָ�������������ʱ��</span></p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>对于多扇区读操作所读的扇区数超过默认磁盘参数表中指定的最大扇区数时，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>�ܶ�</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ܽ�����ȷʶ����ĳЩ�������</span><span lang=EN-US>7</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>很多</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>将不能进行正确识别。在某些情况下是</span><span lang=EN-US>7</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个扇区。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-family:����'>���ڵ�����������̫���������Կ��ǣ�������Ǳ���ͨ�����ڴ����ش����µ�</span></p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>由于单扇区读操作太慢，不予以考虑，因此我们必须通过在内存中重创建新的</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-family:����'>��������Ϊ��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>1</span><span style='font-family:����'>���������������������⡣���ǽ��������������������Ϊ</span></p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>参数表（为第</span><span
+lang=EN-US>1</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>个驱动器）来解决这个问题。我们将把其中最大扇区数设置为</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 18 -- </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span
-lang=EN-US>1.44MB</span><span style='font-family:����'>�����ϻ������������ֵ��</span></p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 18 -- </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>即在</span><span
+lang=EN-US>1.44MB</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>磁盘上会碰到的最大数值。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-family:����'>�����ֵ���˲�������⣬����̫С�Ͳ����ˡ�</span></p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>这个数值大了不会出问题，但是太小就不行了。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>�μĴ����������óɣ�</span><span lang=EN-US>ds=es=ss=cs
-- </span><span style='font-family:����'>��Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>INITSEG</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>段寄存器将被设置成：</span><span lang=EN-US>ds=es=ss=cs
+- </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>都为</span><span lang=EN-US>INITSEG</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>（</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>），</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; fs = 0</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>gs = </span><span style='font-family:����'>���������ڶ�ֵ��</span></p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; fs = 0</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>，</span><span
+lang=EN-US>gs = </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>参数表所在段值。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>
-! BIOS</span><span style='font-family:����'>���õ��ж�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x1E</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ж�����ֵ��������������ַ��������ֵλ���ڴ�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x1E * 4
+! BIOS</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>设置的中断</span><span lang=EN-US>0x1E</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的中断向量值是软驱参数表地址。该向量值位于内存</span><span lang=EN-US>0x1E * 4
 = 0x78</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������δ������ȴ��ڴ�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x0000:0x0078</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ԭ������������</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9000:0xfef4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����Ȼ���޸�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>处。这段代码首先从内存</span><span lang=EN-US>0x0000:0x0078</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处复制原软驱参数表到</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9000:0xfef4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处，然后修改</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���е�ÿ�ŵ����������Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>18</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>表中的每磁道最大扇区数为</span><span lang=EN-US>18</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>
 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 push&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�öμĴ���</span><span lang=EN-US>fs = 0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>置段寄存器</span><span lang=EN-US>fs = 0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pop&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; fs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! fs:bx</span><span style='font-family:����'>ָ�����������������ַ����ָ���ָ�룩��</span></p>
+! fs:bx</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>指向存有软驱参数表地址处（指针的指针）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -5151,16 +5151,16 @@ bx,#0x78&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! fs:bx is
 parameter table address</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ָ���ʾ��һ�����Ĳ�������</span><span lang=EN-US>fs</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�μĴ�����ָ�Ķ��С���ֻӰ������һ����䡣����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面指令表示下一条语句的操作数在</span><span lang=EN-US>fs</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>段寄存器所指的段中。它只影响其下一条语句。这里</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span> <span lang=EN-US>fs:bx </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ָ�ڴ�λ�ô��ı���ַ�ŵ��Ĵ�����</span> <span lang=EN-US>gs:si </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����Ϊԭ��ַ���Ĵ�����</span> <span lang=EN-US>es:di =</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>把</span> <span lang=EN-US>fs:bx </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>所指内存位置处的表地址放到寄存器对</span> <span lang=EN-US>gs:si </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中作为原地址。寄存器对</span> <span lang=EN-US>es:di =</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x9000:0xfef4 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ΪĿ�ĵ�ַ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>为目的地址。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 seg fs</span></p>
@@ -5177,8 +5177,8 @@ style='color:blue'>92</span></u></a> </span></p>
 style='color:blue'>93</span></u></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 di,dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! es:di is destination ! dx=0xfef4</span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span
-lang=EN-US>61</span><span style='font-family:����'>�б����á�</span></p>
+! es:di is destination ! dx=0xfef4</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>，在</span><span
+lang=EN-US>61</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>行被设置。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L94><u><span
 style='color:blue'>94</span></u></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -5189,16 +5189,16 @@ cx,#6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L95><u><span
 style='color:blue'>95</span></u></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cld&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�巽���־������ʱָ�������</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>清方向标志。复制时指针递增。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a name=L96><u><span
 style='color:blue'>96</span></u></a> </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 rep&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڵ�������������</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9000:0xfef4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>复制</span><span lang=EN-US>12</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节的软驱参数表到</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9000:0xfef4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 seg gs</span></p>
@@ -5211,9 +5211,9 @@ movw</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! es:di</span><span style='font-family:����'>ָ���±����޸ı���ƫ��</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������������Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>18</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+! es:di</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>指向新表，修改表中偏移</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处的最大扇区数为</span><span lang=EN-US>18</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>102</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -5226,8 +5226,8 @@ count</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; seg
 fs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>���ж�����</span><span lang=EN-US>0x1E</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ֵָ���±���</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>让中断向量</span><span lang=EN-US>0x1E</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的值指向新表。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -5246,17 +5246,17 @@ mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2(bx),es</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pop&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ʱ</span><span lang=EN-US>ax</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���������</span><span lang=EN-US>65</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�б��������Ķ�ֵ��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>此时</span><span lang=EN-US>ax</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中是上面第</span><span lang=EN-US>65</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行保留下来的段值（</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 fs,ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>fs = gs =
-0x9000</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>设置</span><span lang=EN-US>fs = gs =
+0x9000</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>111</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -5269,13 +5269,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 xor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ah,ah&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! reset FDC ! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��λ���̿���������������²�����</span></p>
+! reset FDC ! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>复位软盘控制器，让其采用新参数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 xor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dl,dl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! dl = 0</span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������</span></p>
+! dl = 0</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>，第</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个软驱。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>115</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -5290,61 +5290,61 @@ lang=EN-US> ! load the setup-sectors directly after the bootblock.</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> ! Note that 'es' is already set up.</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������ż���</span><span lang=EN-US>setup</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ģ��Ĵ������ݡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>在</span><span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序块后紧根着加载</span><span lang=EN-US>setup</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>模块的代码数据。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ע��</span><span lang=EN-US>es</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ѿ����ú��ˡ������ƶ�����ʱ</span><span lang=EN-US>es</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ѿ�ָ��Ŀ�Ķε�ַ��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>注意</span><span lang=EN-US>es</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>已经设置好了。（在移动代码时</span><span lang=EN-US>es</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>已经指向目的段地址处</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L119><span lang=EN-US>119</span></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 121--137</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�е���;������</span><span lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ж�</span><span lang=EN-US>INT 0x13 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>setup </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ģ��Ӵ��̵�</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������ʼ����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>行的用途是利用</span><span lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中断</span><span lang=EN-US>INT 0x13 </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>将</span><span lang=EN-US>setup </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>模块从磁盘第</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个扇区开始读到</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x90200 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʼ��������</span><span lang=EN-US> 4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���������ڶ��������������������������ʾ�����ϳ�������λ�ã�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>开始处，共读</span><span lang=EN-US> 4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个扇区。在读操作过程中如果读出错，则显示磁盘上出错扇区位置，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ȼ��λ�����������ԣ�û����·��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>然后复位驱动器并重试，没有退路。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! INT 0x13</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ʹ�õ��ò����������£�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>读扇区使用调用参数设置如下：</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! ah = 0x02 - </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������������ڴ棻</span><span lang=EN-US>al = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ҫ����������������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>读磁盘扇区到内存；</span><span lang=EN-US>al = </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>需要读出的扇区数量；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! ch = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ŵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ŵĵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>8</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ��</span><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; cl = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʼ����</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>0-5)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ŵ��Ÿ�</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>6-7)</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>磁道</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>柱面</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>号的低</span><span lang=EN-US>8</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位；</span><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; cl = </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>开始扇区</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>0-5)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，磁道号高</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>6-7)</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! dh = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ͷ�ţ�</span><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-dl = </span><span style='font-family:����'>�������ţ������Ӳ����λ</span><span lang=EN-US>7</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ҫ��λ����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>磁头号；</span><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+dl = </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>驱动器号（如果是硬盘则位</span><span lang=EN-US>7</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>要置位）；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! es:bx </span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span style='font-family:����'>ָ�����ݻ�������</span><span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span><span style='font-family:����'>���������</span><span
-lang=EN-US>CF</span><span style='font-family:����'>��־��λ��</span><span lang=EN-US>ah</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ǳ����롣</span></p>
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>à</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>指向数据缓冲区；</span><span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>如果出错则</span><span
+lang=EN-US>CF</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>标志置位，</span><span lang=EN-US>ah</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中是出错码。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L120><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>120</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> load_setup:</span></p>
@@ -5390,23 +5390,23 @@ ok_load_setup&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! ok
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 push&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! dump error code ! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ʾ������Ϣ����������ջ��</span></p>
+! dump error code ! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>显示出错信息。出错码入栈。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>129</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print_nl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��Ļ���س���</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>屏幕光标回车。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bp, sp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! ss:bp</span><span style='font-family:����'>ָ������ʾ���֣�</span><span lang=EN-US>word</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+! ss:bp</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>指向欲显示的字（</span><span lang=EN-US>word</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>131</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print_hex&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ʾʮ������ֵ��</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>显示十六进制值。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>132</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -5418,7 +5418,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 xor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dl, dl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! reset FDC ! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��λ���̿����������ԡ�</span></p>
+! reset FDC ! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>复位磁盘控制器，重试。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>135</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -5431,8 +5431,8 @@ int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0x13</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 j&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; load_setup&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! j </span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>jmp</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ�</span></p>
+! j </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>即</span><span lang=EN-US>jmp</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指令。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>138 </span></p>
 
@@ -5445,48 +5445,48 @@ lang=EN-US> ok_load_setup:</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> ! Get disk drive parameters, specifically nr of sectors/track</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��δ���ȡ�����������Ĳ�����ʵ������ȡÿ�ŵ�����������������λ��</span><span lang=EN-US>sectors</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>这段代码取磁盘驱动器的参数，实际上是取每磁道扇区数，并保存在位置</span><span lang=EN-US>sectors</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ȡ��������������</span><span lang=EN-US>INT 0x13</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ø�ʽ�ͷ�����Ϣ���£�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>取磁盘驱动器参数</span><span lang=EN-US>INT 0x13</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>调用格式和返回信息如下：</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! ah =
-0x08&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dl = </span><span style='font-family:����'>�������ţ������Ӳ����Ҫ��λ</span><span
-lang=EN-US>7</span><span style='font-family:����'>Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+0x08&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dl = </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>驱动器号（如果是硬盘则要置位</span><span
+lang=EN-US>7</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>为</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������Ϣ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>返回信息：</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���������</span><span lang=EN-US>CF</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��λ������</span><span lang=EN-US>ah = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>״̬�롣</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>如果出错则</span><span lang=EN-US>CF</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>置位，并且</span><span lang=EN-US>ah = </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>状态码。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! ah = 0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US> al = 0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-bl = </span><span style='font-family:����'>���������ͣ�</span><span lang=EN-US>AT/PS2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>，</span><span lang=EN-US> al = 0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+bl = </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>驱动器类型（</span><span lang=EN-US>AT/PS2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! ch = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ŵ��ŵĵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>8</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ��</span><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; cl = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ÿ�ŵ����������</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>0-5)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ŵ��Ÿ�</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>6-7)</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>最大磁道号的低</span><span lang=EN-US>8</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位，</span><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; cl = </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>每磁道最大扇区数</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>0-5)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，最大磁道号高</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>6-7)</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! dh = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ͷ����</span><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-dl = </span><span style='font-family:����'>������������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>最大磁头数，</span><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+dl = </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>驱动器数量，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! es:di -</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US> </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������̲�������</span></p>
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>à</span><span lang=EN-US> </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>软驱磁盘参数表。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>142 </span></p>
 
@@ -5509,35 +5509,35 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 xor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ch,ch</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ָ���ʾ��һ�����Ĳ�������</span> <span lang=EN-US>cs</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�μĴ�����ָ�Ķ��С���ֻӰ������һ����䡣ʵ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面指令表示下一条语句的操作数在</span> <span lang=EN-US>cs</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>段寄存器所指的段中。它只影响其下一条语句。实际</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ϣ����ڱ������������ݶ������ô���ͬһ�����У����μĴ���</span><span lang=EN-US>cs</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ds</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>es</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ֵ��ͬ����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>上，由于本程序代码和数据都被设置处于同一个段中，即段寄存器</span><span lang=EN-US>cs</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>ds</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>es</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的值相同，因</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�˱������д˴����Բ�ʹ�ø�ָ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>此本程序中此处可以不使用该指令。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; seg cs</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�¾䱣��ÿ�ŵ�������������������˵��</span><span lang=EN-US>dl=0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���������ŵ��Ų��ᳬ��</span><span lang=EN-US>256</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ch</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ѿ��㹻��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下句保存每磁道扇区数。对于软盘来说（</span><span lang=EN-US>dl=0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>），其最大磁道号不会超过</span><span lang=EN-US>256</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>ch</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>已经足够表</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ʾ�������</span><span lang=EN-US>cl</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��λ</span><span lang=EN-US>6-7</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�϶�Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>146</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>ch=0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����˴�ʱ</span><span lang=EN-US>cx</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ÿ�ŵ���������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>示它，因此</span><span lang=EN-US>cl</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的位</span><span lang=EN-US>6-7</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>肯定为</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。又</span><span lang=EN-US>146</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行已置</span><span lang=EN-US>ch=0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，因此此时</span><span lang=EN-US>cx</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中是每磁道扇区数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -5550,8 +5550,8 @@ ax,#INITSEG</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; es,ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��Ϊ����ȡ���̲����жϸ���</span><span lang=EN-US>es</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ֵ���������¸Ļء�</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>因为上面取磁盘参数中断改了</span><span lang=EN-US>es</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>值，这里重新改回。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>151 </span></p>
 
@@ -5559,53 +5559,53 @@ style='font-family:����'>ֵ���������¸Ļء�</span></
 lang=EN-US> ! Print some inane message</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʾ��Ϣ����</span><span lang=EN-US>'Loading'+</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�س�</span><span lang=EN-US>+</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���С�������ʾ�����س��ͻ��п����ַ����ڵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>9</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ַ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>显示信息：“</span><span lang=EN-US>'Loading'+</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>回车</span><span lang=EN-US>+</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>换行”，共显示包括回车和换行控制字符在内的</span><span lang=EN-US>9</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个字符。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! BIOS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ж�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ܺ�</span><span lang=EN-US> ah = 0x03</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������λ�á�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>中断</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>功能号</span><span lang=EN-US> ah = 0x03</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，读光标位置。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���룺</span><span lang=EN-US>bh = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ҳ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>输入：</span><span lang=EN-US>bh = </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>页号</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���أ�</span><span lang=EN-US>ch = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ɨ�迪ʼ�ߣ�</span><span lang=EN-US>cl = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ɨ������ߣ�</span><span lang=EN-US>dh = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�к�</span><span lang=EN-US>(0x00</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>dl = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�к�</span><span lang=EN-US>(0x00</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>返回：</span><span lang=EN-US>ch = </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>扫描开始线；</span><span lang=EN-US>cl = </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>扫描结束线；</span><span lang=EN-US>dh = </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行号</span><span lang=EN-US>(0x00</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>顶端</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>；</span><span lang=EN-US>dl = </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>列号</span><span lang=EN-US>(0x00</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>最左边</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! BIOS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ж�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ܺ�</span><span lang=EN-US> ah = 0x13</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ʾ�ַ�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>中断</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>功能号</span><span lang=EN-US> ah = 0x13</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，显示字符串。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���룺</span><span lang=EN-US>al = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ù��ķ�ʽ���涨���ԡ�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x01-</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʾʹ��</span><span lang=EN-US>bl</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�е�����ֵ�����ͣ���ַ�����β����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>输入：</span><span lang=EN-US>al = </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>放置光标的方式及规定属性。</span><span lang=EN-US>0x01-</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>表示使用</span><span lang=EN-US>bl</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中的属性值，光标停在字符串结尾处。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! es:bp </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�˼Ĵ�����ָ��Ҫ��ʾ���ַ�����ʼλ�ô���</span><span lang=EN-US>cx = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʾ���ַ����ַ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>bh = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʾҳ��ţ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>此寄存器对指向要显示的字符串起始位置处。</span><span lang=EN-US>cx = </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>显示的字符串字符数。</span><span lang=EN-US>bh = </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>显示页面号；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! bl = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ַ����ԡ�</span><span lang=EN-US>dh = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�кţ�</span><span lang=EN-US>dl = </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�кš�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>字符属性。</span><span lang=EN-US>dh = </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行号；</span><span lang=EN-US>dl = </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>列号。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>153 </span></p>
 
@@ -5617,16 +5617,16 @@ mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ah,#0x03&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 xor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh,bh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>���ȶ����λ�á����ع��λ��ֵ��</span><span lang=EN-US>dx</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�С�</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>首先读光标位置。返回光标位置值在</span><span lang=EN-US>dx</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0x10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! dh - </span><span style='font-family:����'>�У�</span><span lang=EN-US>0--24</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>dl - </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>(0--79)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+! dh - </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>行（</span><span lang=EN-US>0--24</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）；</span><span lang=EN-US>dl - </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>列</span><span lang=EN-US>(0--79)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
@@ -5634,8 +5634,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,#9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>����ʾ</span><span lang=EN-US>9</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ַ���</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>共显示</span><span lang=EN-US>9</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个字符。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -5645,7 +5645,7 @@ mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bx,#0x0007&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bp,#msg1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! es:bp</span><span style='font-family:����'>ָ��Ҫ��ʾ���ַ�����</span></p>
+! es:bp</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>指向要显示的字符串。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -5656,7 +5656,7 @@ cursor</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0x10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>д�ַ������ƶ���굽����β����</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>写字符串并移动光标到串结尾处。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>163 </span></p>
 
@@ -5667,10 +5667,10 @@ lang=EN-US> ! ok, we've written the message, now</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> ! we want to load the system (at 0x10000)</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڿ�ʼ��</span><span lang=EN-US>system</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ģ����ص�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ʼ����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>现在开始将</span><span lang=EN-US>system</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>模块加载到</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>（</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）开始处。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>166 </span></p>
 
@@ -5682,25 +5682,25 @@ mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,#SYSSEG</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 es,ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-segment of 0x010000 ! es = </span><span style='font-family:����'>���</span><span
-lang=EN-US>system</span><span style='font-family:����'>�Ķε�ַ��</span></p>
+segment of 0x010000 ! es = </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>存放</span><span
+lang=EN-US>system</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>的段地址。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>169</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; read_it&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>��������</span><span lang=EN-US>system</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ģ�飬</span><span lang=EN-US>es</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ϊ���������</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>读磁盘上</span><span lang=EN-US>system</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>模块，</span><span lang=EN-US>es</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>为输入参数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; kill_motor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>�ر���������������Ϳ���֪����������״̬�ˡ�</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>关闭驱动器马达，这样就可以知道驱动器的状态了。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print_nl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>���س����С�</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>光标回车换行。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>172 </span></p>
 
@@ -5717,96 +5717,96 @@ lang=EN-US> ! Otherwise, either /dev/PS0 (2,28) or /dev/at0 (2,8), depending</sp
 lang=EN-US> ! on the number of sectors that the BIOS reports currently.</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�˺����Ǽ��Ҫʹ���ĸ����ļ�ϵͳ�豸����Ƹ��豸��������Ѿ�ָ�����豸</span><span
-lang=EN-US>(!=0)</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>此后，我们检查要使用哪个根文件系统设备（简称根设备）。如果已经指定了设备</span><span
+lang=EN-US>(!=0)</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ֱ��ʹ�ø������豸���������Ҫ����</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ÿ�ŵ���������ȷ������ʹ��</span><span lang=EN-US>/dev/PS0</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>就直接使用给定的设备。否则就需要根据</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>报告的每磁道扇区数来确定到底使用</span><span lang=EN-US>/dev/PS0</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! (2,28)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US> /dev/at0 (2,8)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>，还是</span><span lang=EN-US> /dev/at0 (2,8)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����һ���������豸�ļ��ĺ��壺</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>上面一行中两个设备文件的含义：</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����������豸����</span><span lang=EN-US>2(</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�μ���</span><span lang=EN-US>43</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�е�ע��</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����豸��</span><span lang=EN-US> = type*4 + nr</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>在</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中软驱的主设备号是</span><span lang=EN-US>2(</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>参见第</span><span lang=EN-US>43</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行的注释</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，次设备号</span><span lang=EN-US> = type*4 + nr</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，其中</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !! nr</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>0-3</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֱ��Ӧ����</span><span lang=EN-US>A</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>B</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>C</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>D</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>type</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����������ͣ�</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>1.2MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>7</span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>1.44MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ȣ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>为</span><span lang=EN-US>0-3</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>分别对应软驱</span><span lang=EN-US>A</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>B</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>C</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>或</span><span
+lang=EN-US>D</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>；</span><span lang=EN-US>type</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>是软驱的类型（</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>à</span><span lang=EN-US>1.2MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>或</span><span lang=EN-US>7</span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>à</span><span lang=EN-US>1.44MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>等）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>7*4 + 0 = 28</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US> /dev/PS0 (2,28)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ����</span><span lang=EN-US>1.44MB A</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>,</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���豸����</span><span lang=EN-US>0x021c </span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>因为</span><span lang=EN-US>7*4 + 0 = 28</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，所以</span><span lang=EN-US> /dev/PS0 (2,28)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指的是</span><span lang=EN-US>1.44MB A</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>驱动器</span><span lang=EN-US>,</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>其设备号是</span><span lang=EN-US>0x021c </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ͬ��</span><span lang=EN-US> /dev/at0 (2,8)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ����</span><span lang=EN-US>1.2MB A</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����������豸����</span><span lang=EN-US>0x0208</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>同理</span><span lang=EN-US> /dev/at0 (2,8)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指的是</span><span lang=EN-US>1.2MB A</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>驱动器，其设备号是</span><span lang=EN-US>0x0208</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>root_dev</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������������</span><span lang=EN-US>508</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>509</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڴ���ָ���ļ�ϵͳ�����豸�š�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x0306</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ��</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面</span><span lang=EN-US>root_dev</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>定义在引导扇区</span><span lang=EN-US>508</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>509</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节处，指根文件系统所在设备号。</span><span lang=EN-US>0x0306</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指第</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ӳ�̵�</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������������Ĭ��Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x0306</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����Ϊ��ʱ</span><span lang=EN-US> Linus </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ϵͳʱ���ڵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ӳ</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>个硬盘第</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个分区。这里默认为</span><span lang=EN-US>0x0306</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>是因为当时</span><span lang=EN-US> Linus </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>开发</span><span lang=EN-US>Linux</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>系统时是在第</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个硬</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�̵�</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������д�Ÿ��ļ�ϵͳ�����ֵ��Ҫ�������Լ����ļ�ϵͳ����Ӳ�̺ͷ���������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>盘第</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个分区中存放根文件系统。这个值需要根据你自己根文件系统所在硬盘和分区进行修</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ġ����磬�����ĸ��ļ�ϵͳ�ڵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ӳ�̵ĵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ϣ���ô��ֵӦ��Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x0301</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>改。例如，如果你的根文件系统在第</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个硬盘的第</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个分区上，那么该值应该为</span><span lang=EN-US>0x0301</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，即</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x01, 0x03</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������ļ�ϵͳ���ڵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>Bochs</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ϣ���ô��ֵӦ��Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x021D</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>（</span><span lang=EN-US>0x01, 0x03</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）。如果根文件系统是在第</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个</span><span lang=EN-US>Bochs</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>软盘上，那么该值应该为</span><span lang=EN-US>0x021D</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，即</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x1D,0x02</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����������ں�ʱ���������</span><span lang=EN-US>Makefile</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ļ�������ָ�����Լ���ֵ���ں�ӳ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>（</span><span lang=EN-US>0x1D,0x02</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）。当编译内核时，你可以在</span><span lang=EN-US>Makefile</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>文件中另行指定你自己的值，内核映像</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ļ�</span><span lang=EN-US>Image</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ĵ�������</span><span lang=EN-US>tools/build</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʹ����ָ����ֵ��������ĸ��ļ�ϵͳ�����豸�š�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>文件</span><span lang=EN-US>Image</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的创建程序</span><span lang=EN-US>tools/build</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>会使用你指定的值来设置你的根文件系统所在设备号。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>177 </span></p>
 
@@ -5816,8 +5816,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; seg cs</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>179</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,root_dev&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>ȡ</span><span lang=EN-US>508,509</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڴ��ĸ��豸�Ų��ж��Ƿ��ѱ����塣</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>取</span><span lang=EN-US>508,509</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节处的根设备号并判断是否已被定义。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>180</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;or&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -5828,15 +5828,15 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; root_defined</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ȡ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>148</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�б����ÿ�ŵ������������</span><span lang=EN-US>sectors=15</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��˵����</span><span lang=EN-US>1.2MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>取上面第</span><span lang=EN-US>148</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行保存的每磁道扇区数。如果</span><span lang=EN-US>sectors=15</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>则说明是</span><span lang=EN-US>1.2MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的驱动器；如果</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! sectors=18</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����˵����</span><span lang=EN-US>1.44MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������Ϊ�ǿ������������������Կ϶���</span><span lang=EN-US>A</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>，则说明是</span><span lang=EN-US>1.44MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>软驱。因为是可引导的驱动器，所以肯定是</span><span lang=EN-US>A</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>驱。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; seg cs</span></p>
@@ -5853,13 +5853,13 @@ ax,#0x0208&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! /dev/ps0 - 1.2Mb</s
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>185</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bx,#15&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�ж�ÿ�ŵ��������Ƿ�</span><span lang=EN-US>=15</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>判断每磁道扇区数是否</span><span lang=EN-US>=15</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>186</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 je&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; root_defined&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>������ڣ���</span><span lang=EN-US>ax</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�о����������������豸�š�</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>如果等于，则</span><span lang=EN-US>ax</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中就是引导驱动器的设备号。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>187</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -5876,7 +5876,7 @@ je&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; root_defined</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> undef_root:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�������һ��������ѭ������������</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>如果都不一样，则死循环（死机）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>191</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp undef_root</span></p>
@@ -5890,8 +5890,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; seg cs</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; root_dev,ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>���������豸�ű��浽</span><span lang=EN-US>root_dev</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�С�</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>将检查过的设备号保存到</span><span lang=EN-US>root_dev</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>195 </span></p>
 
@@ -5905,33 +5905,33 @@ lang=EN-US> ! the setup-routine loaded directly after</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> ! the bootblock:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ˣ����г��򶼼�����ϣ����Ǿ���ת����������</span><span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����</span><span lang=EN-US>setup</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ȥ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>到此，所有程序都加载完毕，我们就跳转到被加载在</span><span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>后面的</span><span lang=EN-US>setup</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序去。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����μ���תָ�</span><span lang=EN-US>Jump Intersegment</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ת��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9020:0000(setup.s</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ʼ��</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ȥִ�С�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面段间跳转指令（</span><span lang=EN-US>Jump Intersegment</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）。跳转到</span><span lang=EN-US>0x9020:0000(setup.s</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序开始处</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>去执行。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>199 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>200</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmpi&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0,SETUPSEG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-!!!! </span><span style='font-family:����'>���˱�����ͽ����ˡ�</span><span lang=EN-US>!!!!</span></p>
+!!!! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>到此本程序就结束了。</span><span lang=EN-US>!!!!</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����Ǽ����ӳ���</span><span lang=EN-US>read_it</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڶ�ȡ�����ϵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>system</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ģ�顣</span><span lang=EN-US>kill_moter</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڹر��������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面是几个子程序。</span><span lang=EN-US>read_it</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>用于读取磁盘上的</span><span lang=EN-US>system</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>模块。</span><span lang=EN-US>kill_moter</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>用于关闭软驱马达。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����һЩ��Ļ��ʾ�ӳ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>还有一些屏幕显示子程序。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>201 </span></p>
 
@@ -5952,46 +5952,46 @@ lang=EN-US> ! in:&nbsp;&nbsp; es - starting address segment (normally 0x1000)</s
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>207 !</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ӳ���ϵͳģ����ص��ڴ��ַ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ȷ��û�п�Խ</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڴ�߽硣</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>该子程序将系统模块加载到内存地址</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处，并确定没有跨越</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的内存边界。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ͼ����ؽ��м��أ�ֻҪ���ܣ���ÿ�μ��������ŵ������ݡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>我们试图尽快地进行加载，只要可能，就每次加载整条磁道的数据。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���룺</span><span lang=EN-US>es �C </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʼ�ڴ��ַ��ֵ��ͨ����</span><span lang=EN-US>0x1000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>输入：</span><span lang=EN-US>es – </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>开始内存地址段值（通常是</span><span lang=EN-US>0x1000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����α������</span><span lang=EN-US>.word</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����һ��</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽ�Ŀ�ꡣ�൱��</span><span lang=EN-US>C</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���Գ����ж���ı�������ռ�ڴ�ռ��С��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面伪操作符</span><span lang=EN-US>.word</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>定义一个</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节目标。相当于</span><span lang=EN-US>C</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>语言程序中定义的变量和所占内存空间大小。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! '1+SETUPLEN'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʾ��ʼʱ�Ѿ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������������</span><span lang=EN-US>setup</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ռ��������</span><span lang=EN-US>SETUPLEN</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>表示开始时已经读进</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个引导扇区和</span><span lang=EN-US>setup</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序所占的扇区数</span><span lang=EN-US>SETUPLEN</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>208</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> sread:&nbsp; .word
 1+SETUPLEN&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! sectors read of current
-track !</span><span style='font-family:����'>��ǰ�ŵ����Ѷ���������</span></p>
+track !</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>当前磁道中已读扇区数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>209</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> head:&nbsp;&nbsp; .word
 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! current head&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !</span><span style='font-family:����'>��ǰ��ͷ�š�</span></p>
+! current head&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>当前磁头号。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>210</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> track:&nbsp; .word
 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! current track &nbsp;&nbsp;!</span><span style='font-family:����'>��ǰ�ŵ��š�</span></p>
+! current track &nbsp;&nbsp;!</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>当前磁道号。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>211 </span></p>
 
@@ -5999,34 +5999,34 @@ lang=EN-US> track:&nbsp; .word
 lang=EN-US> read_it:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���Ȳ�������Ķ�ֵ�������϶�������ݱ�������λ���ڴ��ַ</span><span lang=EN-US>
-64KB </span><span style='font-family:����'>�ı߽翪ʼ��������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>首先测试输入的段值。从盘上读入的数据必须存放在位于内存地址</span><span lang=EN-US>
+64KB </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>的边界开始处，否则</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ѭ������</span><span lang=EN-US>bx</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ĵ��������ڱ�ʾ��ǰ���ڴ�����ݵĿ�ʼλ�á�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>进入死循环。清</span><span lang=EN-US>bx</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>寄存器，用于表示当前段内存放数据的开始位置。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 153</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ϵ�ָ��</span><span lang=EN-US>test</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ա���λ�߼�����������������������������Ӧ�ı���λ��Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>行上的指令</span><span lang=EN-US>test</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>以比特位逻辑与两个操作数。若两个操作数对应的比特位都为</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，则结果</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ֵ�Ķ�Ӧ����λΪ</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ò������ֻӰ���־�����־</span><span lang=EN-US>ZF</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ȣ���������</span><span lang=EN-US>AX=0x1000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>值的对应比特位为</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，否则为</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。该操作结果只影响标志（零标志</span><span lang=EN-US>ZF</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>等）。例如若</span><span lang=EN-US>AX=0x1000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ô</span><span lang=EN-US>test</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ���ִ�н����</span><span lang=EN-US>(0x1000 &amp; 0x0fff) =
-0x0000</span><span style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>ZF</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��־��λ����ʱ����һ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>那么</span><span lang=EN-US>test</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指令的执行结果是</span><span lang=EN-US>(0x1000 &amp; 0x0fff) =
+0x0000</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>，于是</span><span lang=EN-US>ZF</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>标志置位。此时即下一条</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ��</span><span lang=EN-US>jne </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>指令</span><span lang=EN-US>jne </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>条件不成立。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov ax,es</span></p>
@@ -6037,25 +6037,25 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; test ax,#0x0fff</spa
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>215</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> die:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jne
 die&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! es must be at 64kB boundary ! es</span><span style='font-family:����'>ֵ����λ��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span style='font-family:����'>�߽�</span><span lang=EN-US>!</span></p>
+! es must be at 64kB boundary ! es</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>值必须位于</span><span
+lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>边界</span><span lang=EN-US>!</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>216</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xor
 bx,bx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ! bx is starting address within segment! bx</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>Ϊ����ƫ�ơ�</span></p>
+宋体'>为段内偏移。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>217</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> rp_read:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ж��Ƿ��Ѿ�����ȫ�����ݡ��Ƚϵ�ǰ�������Ƿ����ϵͳ����ĩ�������Ķ�</span><span
-lang=EN-US>(#ENDSEG)</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>接着判断是否已经读入全部数据。比较当前所读段是否就是系统数据末端所处的段</span><span
+lang=EN-US>(#ENDSEG)</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������Ǿ���ת������</span><span lang=EN-US>ok1_read</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ŵ����������ݡ������˳��ӳ��򷵻ء�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>如果不是就跳转至下面</span><span lang=EN-US>ok1_read</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>标号处继续读数据。否则退出子程序返回。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>218</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov ax,es</span></p>
@@ -6063,7 +6063,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov ax,es</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>219</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmp
 ax,#ENDSEG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! have we
-loaded all yet? &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�Ƿ��Ѿ�������ȫ�����ݣ�</span></p>
+loaded all yet? &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>是否已经加载了全部数据？</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>220</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jb ok1_read</span></p>
@@ -6075,20 +6075,20 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> ok1_read:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ȼ��������֤��ǰ�ŵ���Ҫ��ȡ��������������</span><span lang=EN-US>ax</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ĵ����С�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>然后计算和验证当前磁道需要读取的扇区数，放在</span><span lang=EN-US>ax</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>寄存器中。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ݵ�ǰ�ŵ���δ��ȡ���������Լ����������ֽڿ�ʼƫ��λ�ã��������ȫ����ȡ��Щδ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>根据当前磁道还未读取的扇区数以及段内数据字节开始偏移位置，计算如果全部读取这些未读</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������������ֽ����Ƿ�ᳬ��</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�γ��ȵ����ơ����ᳬ��������ݴ˴�����ܶ�����ֽ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>扇区，所读总字节数是否会超过</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>段长度的限制。若会超过，则根据此次最多能读入的字节</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span> <span lang=EN-US>(64KB �C</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ƫ��λ��</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������˴���Ҫ��ȡ����������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>数</span> <span lang=EN-US>(64KB –</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>段内偏移位置</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，反算出此次需要读取的扇区数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>223</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; seg cs</span></p>
@@ -6096,46 +6096,46 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; seg cs</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>224</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov
 ax,sectors&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>ȡÿ�ŵ���������</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>取每磁道扇区数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>225</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sub ax,sread&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ȥ��ǰ�ŵ��Ѷ���������</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>减去当前磁道已读扇区数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>226</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov cx,ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! cx = ax = </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ǰ�ŵ�δ����������</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! cx = ax = </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>当前磁道未读扇区数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>227</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; shl
 cx,#9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! cx = cx * 512 </span><span style='font-family:����'>�ֽ�</span><span lang=EN-US>
-+ </span><span style='font-family:����'>���ڵ�ǰƫ��ֵ</span><span lang=EN-US>(bx)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+! cx = cx * 512 </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>字节</span><span lang=EN-US>
++ </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>段内当前偏移值</span><span lang=EN-US>(bx)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; add cx,bx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!&nbsp;&nbsp; = </span><span style='font-family:����'>�˴ζ������󣬶��ڹ�������ֽ�����</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!&nbsp;&nbsp; = </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>此次读操作后，段内共读入的字节数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>229</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jnc ok2_read&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��û�г���</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڣ�����ת��</span><span lang=EN-US>ok2_read</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ִ�С�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>若没有超过</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节，则跳转至</span><span lang=EN-US>ok2_read</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处执行。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>230</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je ok2_read</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ϴ˴ν����ŵ�������δ������ʱ�ᳬ��</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������ʱ����ܶ�����ֽ�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>若加上此次将读磁道上所有未读扇区时会超过</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，则计算此时最多能读入的字节数：</span></p>
 
-<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! (64KB�C</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڶ�ƫ��λ��</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ת�������ȡ��������������</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ĳ������ȡ����</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ĳ�ֵ��</span></p>
+<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! (64KB–</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>段内读偏移位置</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，再转换成需读取的扇区数。其中</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>减某数就是取该数</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的补值。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>231</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xor ax,ax</span></p>
@@ -6150,111 +6150,111 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; shr ax,#9</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> ok2_read:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ǰ�ŵ���ָ����ʼ������</span><span lang=EN-US>cl</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���������������</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ݵ�</span> <span lang=EN-US>es:bx</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʼ����Ȼ��ͳ�Ƶ�ǰ</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>读当前磁道上指定开始扇区（</span><span lang=EN-US>cl</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）和需读扇区数（</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）的数据到</span> <span lang=EN-US>es:bx</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>开始处。然后统计当前</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ŵ����Ѿ���ȡ������������ŵ����������</span> <span lang=EN-US>sectors</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���Ƚϡ����С��</span><span lang=EN-US>sectors</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>˵����ǰ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>磁道上已经读取的扇区数并与磁道最大扇区数</span> <span lang=EN-US>sectors</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>作比较。如果小于</span><span lang=EN-US>sectors</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>说明当前磁</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ϵĻ�������δ����������ת��</span><span lang=EN-US>ok3_read</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>道上的还有扇区未读。于是跳转到</span><span lang=EN-US>ok3_read</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处继续操作。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>235</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call
 read_track&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ǰ�ŵ���ָ����ʼ��������������������ݡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>读当前磁道上指定开始扇区和需读扇区数的数据。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>236</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov cx,ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! cx = </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>�ôβ����Ѷ�ȡ����������</span></p>
+宋体'>该次操作已读取的扇区数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>237</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; add ax,sread&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>���ϵ�ǰ�ŵ����Ѿ���ȡ����������</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>加上当前磁道上已经读取的扇区数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>238</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; seg cs</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>239</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmp ax,sectors&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>����ǰ�ŵ��ϵĻ�������δ��������ת��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>ok3_read</span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>若当前磁道上的还有扇区未读，则跳转到</span><span
+lang=EN-US>ok3_read</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>处。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>240</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jne ok3_read</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ôŵ��ĵ�ǰ��ͷ�����������Ѿ���ȡ������ôŵ�����һ��ͷ�棨</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ŵ�ͷ���ϵ����ݡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>若该磁道的当前磁头面所有扇区已经读取，则读该磁道的下一磁头面（</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>号磁头）上的数据。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����Ѿ���ɣ���ȥ����һ�ŵ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>如果已经完成，则去读下一磁道。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>241</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov ax,#1</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>242</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sub ax,head&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�жϵ�ǰ��ͷ�š�</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>判断当前磁头号。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>243</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jne ok4_read&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�����</span><span
-lang=EN-US>0</span><span style='font-family:����'>��ͷ������ȥ��</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ͷ���ϵ��������ݡ�</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>如果是</span><span
+lang=EN-US>0</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>磁头，则再去读</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>磁头面上的扇区数据。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>244</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inc track&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>����ȥ����һ�ŵ���</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>否则去读下一磁道。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>245</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> ok4_read:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>246</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov head,ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>���浱ǰ��ͷ�š�</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>保存当前磁头号。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>247</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xor ax,ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�嵱ǰ�ŵ��Ѷ���������</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>清当前磁道已读扇区数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>248</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> ok3_read:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ǰ�ŵ��ϵĻ���δ�������������ȱ��浱ǰ�ŵ��Ѷ���������Ȼ�����������ݴ��Ŀ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>如果当前磁道上的还有未读扇区，则首先保存当前磁道已读扇区数，然后调整存放数据处的开</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ʼλ�á���С��</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�߽�ֵ������ת��</span><span lang=EN-US>rp_read(217</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>�������������ݡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>始位置。若小于</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>边界值，则跳转到</span><span lang=EN-US>rp_read(217</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>处，继续读数据。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>249</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov sread,ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>���浱ǰ�ŵ��Ѷ���������</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>保存当前磁道已读扇区数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>250</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; shl cx,#9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�ϴ��Ѷ�������</span><span
-lang=EN-US>*512</span><span style='font-family:����'>�ֽڡ�</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>上次已读扇区数</span><span
+lang=EN-US>*512</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>字节。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>251</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; add bx,cx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>������ǰ�������ݿ�ʼλ�á�</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>调整当前段内数据开始位置。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>252</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jnc rp_read</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����˵���Ѿ���ȡ</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ݡ���ʱ������ǰ�Σ�Ϊ����һ��������׼����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>否则说明已经读取</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>数据。此时调整当前段，为读下一段数据作准备。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>253</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov ax,es</span></p>
@@ -6262,8 +6262,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov ax,es</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>254</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; add ah,#0x10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>���λ�ַ����Ϊָ����һ��</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>�ڴ濪ʼ����</span></p>
+宋体'>将段基址调整为指向下一个</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>内存开始处。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>255</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov es,ax</span></p>
@@ -6271,49 +6271,49 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov es,ax</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>256</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xor bx,bx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������ݿ�ʼƫ��ֵ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>清段内数据开始偏移值。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>257</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp rp_read&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ת��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>rp_read(217</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>)</span><span style='font-family:����'>�������������ݡ�</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>跳转至</span><span
+lang=EN-US>rp_read(217</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>行</span><span
+lang=EN-US>)</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>处，继续读数据。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>258 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! read_track </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ӳ��򡣶���ǰ�ŵ���ָ����ʼ��������������������ݵ�</span> <span lang=EN-US>es:bx
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>��ʼ�����μ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>子程序。读当前磁道上指定开始扇区和需读扇区数的数据到</span> <span lang=EN-US>es:bx
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>开始处。参见</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>67</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���¶�</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���̶��ж�</span><span lang=EN-US>int 0x13</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ah=2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��˵����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>第</span><span lang=EN-US>67</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行下对</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>磁盘读中断</span><span lang=EN-US>int 0x13</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>ah=2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的说明。</span></p>
 
-<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! al �C </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����������</span><span lang=EN-US>es:bx �C </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������ʼλ�á�</span></p>
+<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! al – </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>需读扇区数；</span><span lang=EN-US>es:bx – </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>缓冲区开始位置。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>259</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> read_track:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ȵ���</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ж�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>0x0e</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���Ե紫��ʽд�ַ��������ǰ��һλ�á���ʾһ��</span><span lang=EN-US>'.'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>首先调用</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中断</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，功能</span><span lang=EN-US>0x0e</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>（以电传方式写字符），光标前移一位置。显示一个</span><span lang=EN-US>'.'</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>260</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pusha&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>ѹ�����мĴ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>push all</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>压入所有寄存器（</span><span lang=EN-US>push all</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L261><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>261</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pusha&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>Ϊ������ʾ�ж�ѹ�����мĴ���ֵ��</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>为调用显示中断压入所有寄存器值。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L262><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>262</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov ax,
@@ -6323,7 +6323,7 @@ loading... message 2e = .</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L263><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>263</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov bx, #7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>�ַ�ǰ��ɫ���ԡ�</span></p>
+宋体'>字符前景色属性。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L264><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>264</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int 0x10</span></p>
@@ -6336,49 +6336,49 @@ popa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ȼ����ʽ���дŵ�������������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>然后正式进行磁道扇区读操作。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L267><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>267</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov dx,track&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>ȡ��ǰ�ŵ��š�</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>取当前磁道号。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L268><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>268</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov
 cx,sread&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>ȡ��ǰ�ŵ����Ѷ���������</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>取当前磁道上已读扇区数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L269><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>269</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inc
 cx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! cl = </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ʼ��������</span></p>
+! cl = </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>开始读扇区。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L270><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>270</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mov
 ch,dl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! ch = </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ǰ�ŵ��š�</span></p>
+! ch = </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>当前磁道号。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L271><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>271</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov dx,head&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>ȡ��ǰ��ͷ�š�</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>取当前磁头号。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L272><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>272</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov dh,dl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! dh = </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>��ͷ�ţ�</span><span lang=EN-US>dl = </span><span style='font-family:����'>��������</span><span
-lang=EN-US>(</span><span style='font-family:����'>Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʾ��ǰ</span><span lang=EN-US>A</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+宋体'>磁头号，</span><span lang=EN-US>dl = </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>驱动器号</span><span
+lang=EN-US>(</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>为</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>表示当前</span><span lang=EN-US>A</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>驱动器</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L273><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>273</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; and dx,#0x0100&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ͷ�Ų�����</span><span
-lang=EN-US>1</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>磁头号不大于</span><span
+lang=EN-US>1</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L274><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>274</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov ah,#2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! ah = 2</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>���������������ܺš�</span></p>
+宋体'>，读磁盘扇区功能号。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L275><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>275</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
@@ -6389,7 +6389,7 @@ save for error dump</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L277><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>277</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; push cx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>Ϊ�����������һЩ��Ϣ��</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>为出错情况保存一些信息。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L278><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>278</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; push bx</span></p>
@@ -6405,13 +6405,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int 0x13</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L282><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>282</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jc bad_rt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:����'>������������ת��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>bad_rt</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>若出错，则跳转至</span><span
+lang=EN-US>bad_rt</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L283><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>283</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; add sp,#8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>û�г�������˶���Ϊ��������������Ϣ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>没有出错。因此丢弃为出错情况保存的信息。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L284><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>284</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; popa</span></p>
@@ -6423,12 +6423,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����̲���������������ʾ������Ϣ��Ȼ��ִ����������λ�����������жϹ��ܺ�</span><span
-lang=EN-US>0</span><span style='font-family:����'>��������ת</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>读磁盘操作出错。则先显示出错信息，然后执行驱动器复位操作（磁盘中断功能号</span><span
+lang=EN-US>0</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>），再跳转</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>read_track</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ԡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>到</span><span lang=EN-US>read_track</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处重试。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L287><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>287</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> bad_rt: push
@@ -6464,7 +6464,7 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L296><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>296</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; add sp, #10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����Ϊ��������������Ϣ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>丢弃为出错情况保存的信息。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L297><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>297</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -6518,17 +6518,17 @@ lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-family:����'>�ӳ���</span><span
-lang=EN-US>print_all</span><span style='font-family:����'>���ڵ���Ŀ�ġ�������ʾ���мĴ��������ݡ�ǰ����������Ҫ��</span></p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>子程序</span><span
+lang=EN-US>print_all</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>用于调试目的。它会显示所有寄存器的内容。前提条件是需要从</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-family:����'>һ���ӳ����е��ã�����ջ֡�ṹΪ������ʾ���������棩</span></p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>一个子程序中调用，并且栈帧结构为如下所示：（见上面）</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����־�Ĵ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>CF=0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ʾ�Ĵ������ơ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>若标志寄存器的</span><span lang=EN-US>CF=0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，则不显示寄存器名称。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L312><span lang=EN-US>312</span></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span></p>
@@ -6539,12 +6539,12 @@ lang=EN-US> print_all:</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L314><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>314</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov cx,
 #5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-error code + 4 registers&nbsp; ! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ʾֵ������</span></p>
+error code + 4 registers&nbsp; ! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>显示值个数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L315><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>315</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov bp, sp&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>���浱ǰջָ��</span><span lang=EN-US>sp</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>保存当前栈指针</span><span lang=EN-US>sp</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L316><span lang=EN-US>316</span></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -6556,12 +6556,12 @@ lang=EN-US> print_loop:</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; push
 cx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! save count left&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������Ҫ��ʾ��ʣ�������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>保存需要显示的剩余个数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L319><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>319</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call
 print_nl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-nl for readability&nbsp; ! </span><span style='font-family:����'>Ϊ�ɶ������ù��س����С�</span></p>
+nl for readability&nbsp; ! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>为可读性先让光标回车换行。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L320><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>320</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jae
@@ -6570,20 +6570,20 @@ see if register name is needed</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L321><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>321</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>FLAGS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ı�־</span><span lang=EN-US>CF=0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ʾ�Ĵ�������������ת��</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>若</span><span lang=EN-US>FLAGS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的标志</span><span lang=EN-US>CF=0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>则不显示寄存器名，于是跳转。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ӧ��ջ�Ĵ���˳��ֱ���ʾ���ǵ����ơ�</span><span lang=EN-US>AX</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ȡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>对应入栈寄存器顺序分别显示它们的名称“</span><span lang=EN-US>AX</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>：”等。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L322><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>322</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov ax, #0xe05 +
-0x41 - 1&nbsp; ! ah =</span><span style='font-family:����'>���ܺţ�</span><span
-lang=EN-US>0x0e</span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>al
-=</span><span style='font-family:����'>�ַ���</span><span lang=EN-US>0x05 + 0x41 -1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+0x41 - 1&nbsp; ! ah =</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>功能号（</span><span
+lang=EN-US>0x0e</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>）；</span><span lang=EN-US>al
+=</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>字符（</span><span lang=EN-US>0x05 + 0x41 -1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L323><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>323</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sub al, cl</span></p>
@@ -6597,8 +6597,8 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L326><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>326</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov al,
 #0x58&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-X&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ʾ�ַ�</span><span
-lang=EN-US>'X'</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+X&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>显示字符</span><span
+lang=EN-US>'X'</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L327><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>327</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int 0x10</span></p>
@@ -6609,8 +6609,8 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L329><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>329</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov al,
 #0x3a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ʾ�ַ�</span><span
-lang=EN-US>':'</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>显示字符</span><span
+lang=EN-US>':'</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L330><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>330</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int 0x10</span></p>
@@ -6619,9 +6619,9 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int 0x10</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʾ�Ĵ���</span><span lang=EN-US>bp</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ָջ�����ݡ���ʼʱ</span><span lang=EN-US>bp</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ�򷵻ص�ַ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>显示寄存器</span><span lang=EN-US>bp</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>所指栈中内容。开始时</span><span lang=EN-US>bp</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指向返回地址。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L332><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>332</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> no_reg:</span></p>
@@ -6629,13 +6629,13 @@ lang=EN-US> no_reg:</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L333><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>333</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; add bp,
 #2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-next register&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span style='font-family:����'>ջ����һ��λ�á�</span></p>
+next register&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>栈中下一个位置。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L334><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>334</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;call
 print_hex&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
 print it&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʮ��������ʾ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>以十六进制显示。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L335><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>335</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pop cx</span></p>
@@ -6650,9 +6650,9 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ж�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���Ե紫��ʽ��ʾ�س����С�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>调用</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中断</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，以电传方式显示回车换行。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L339><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>339</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> print_nl:</span></p>
@@ -6696,11 +6696,11 @@ lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-family:����'>�ӳ���</span><span
-lang=EN-US>print_hex</span><span style='font-family:����'>���ڵ���Ŀ�ġ���ʹ��ʮ����������Ļ����ʾ��</span></p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>子程序</span><span
+lang=EN-US>print_hex</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>用于调试目的。它使用十六进制在屏幕上显示出</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ss:bp</span><span style='font-family:����'>ָ����֡�</span></p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ss:bp</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>指向的字。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -6708,11 +6708,11 @@ lang=EN-US>print_hex</span><span style='font-family:����'>���ڵ�
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ж�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���Ե紫��ʽ��</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʮ����������ʾ</span><span lang=EN-US>ss:bp</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ����֡�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>调用</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中断</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，以电传方式和</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个十六进制数显示</span><span lang=EN-US>ss:bp</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指向的字。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L351><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>351</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> print_hex:</span></p>
@@ -6722,25 +6722,25 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,
 #4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! 4
 hex digits&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ҫ��ʾ</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʮ���������֡�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>要显示</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个十六进制数字。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L353><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>353</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx, (bp)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-load word into dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ʾֵ����</span><span
-lang=EN-US>dx</span><span style='font-family:����'>�С�</span></p>
+load word into dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>显示值放入</span><span
+lang=EN-US>dx</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>中。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L354><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>354</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> print_digit:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ʾ���ֽڣ������Ҫ��</span><span lang=EN-US>dx</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ֵ����</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���أ���ʱ��</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>dx</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ĵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ�С�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>先显示高字节，因此需要把</span><span lang=EN-US>dx</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中值左旋</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>比特，此时高</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>比特在</span><span lang=EN-US>dx</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的低</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位中。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L355><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>355</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -6751,7 +6751,7 @@ rotate so that lowest 4 bits are used</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L356><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>356</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ah, #0xe&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>�жϹ��ܺš�</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>中断功能号。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L357><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>357</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -6762,24 +6762,24 @@ mask off so we have only next nibble</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L358><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>358</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 and&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al, #0xf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�в�ֻȡ��</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���أ�</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ֵ����</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>放入</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中并只取低</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>比特（</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个值）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>'0' </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ֵ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x30</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ʾֵת���ɻ�������</span><span lang=EN-US>'0' </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ַ�������ʱ</span><span lang=EN-US>al </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ֵ����</span> <span lang=EN-US>0x39</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>加上</span><span lang=EN-US>'0' </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的</span><span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>码值</span><span lang=EN-US>0x30</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，把显示值转换成基于数字</span><span lang=EN-US>'0' </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的字符。若此时</span><span lang=EN-US>al </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>值超过</span> <span lang=EN-US>0x39</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʾ����ʾֵ��������</span><span lang=EN-US>9</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������Ҫʹ��</span><span lang=EN-US>'A'--'F'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ʾ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>表示欲显示值超过数字</span><span lang=EN-US>9</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，因此需要使用</span><span lang=EN-US>'A'--'F'</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>来表示。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L359><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>359</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -6813,8 +6813,8 @@ int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0x10</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L366><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>366</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 loop&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print_digit&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !
-cx--</span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>cx&gt;0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ȥ��ʾ��һ��ֵ��</span></p>
+cx--</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>。若</span><span lang=EN-US>cx&gt;0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>则去显示下一个值。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L367><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>367</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
@@ -6841,49 +6841,49 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp; * don't have to worry about it later.</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ӳ������ڹر�����������������ǽ����ں˺����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>这个子程序用于关闭软驱的马达，这样我们进入内核后就能</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>֪����������״̬���Ժ�Ҳ�����뵣�����ˡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>知道它所处的状态，以后也就无须担心它了。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����</span><span lang=EN-US>377</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ϵ�ֵ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x3f2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����̿�������һ���˿ڣ�����Ϊ��������Ĵ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>DOR</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���˿ڡ�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面第</span><span lang=EN-US>377</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行上的值</span><span lang=EN-US>0x3f2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>是软盘控制器的一个端口，被称为数字输出寄存器（</span><span lang=EN-US>DOR</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）端口。它是</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>һ��</span><span lang=EN-US>8</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ�ļĴ�������λ</span><span lang=EN-US>7--</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>�ֱ����ڿ���</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span style='font-family:����'>��������</span><span
-lang=EN-US>D--A</span><span style='font-family:����'>���������͹رա�λ</span><span
-lang=EN-US>3--</span><span style='font-family:����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>一个</span><span lang=EN-US>8</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位的寄存器，其位</span><span lang=EN-US>7--</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>分别用于控制</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>个软驱（</span><span
+lang=EN-US>D--A</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>）的启动和关闭。位</span><span
+lang=EN-US>3--</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>用于</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>/</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ֹ</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ж������Լ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>/</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��λ���̿�����</span><span lang=EN-US>FDC</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span> <span style='font-family:����'>λ</span><span
-lang=EN-US>1--</span><span style='font-family:����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ѡ��ѡ�������������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>允许</span><span lang=EN-US>/</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>禁止</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>和中断请求以及启动</span><span lang=EN-US>/</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>复位软盘控制器</span><span lang=EN-US>FDC</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span> <span style='font-family:宋体'>位</span><span
+lang=EN-US>1--</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>用于选择选择操作的软驱。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>378</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ò������</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ֵ����������ѡ��</span><span lang=EN-US>A</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���������ر�</span><span lang=EN-US>FDC</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ֹ</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ж�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>第</span><span lang=EN-US>378</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行上在</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中设置并输出的</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>值，就是用于选择</span><span lang=EN-US>A</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>驱动器，关闭</span><span lang=EN-US>FDC</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，禁止</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>和中断请求，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ر�����й��������ƿ���̵���ϸ��Ϣ��μ�</span><span lang=EN-US>kernel/blk_drv/floppy.c</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������˵����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>关闭马达。有关软驱控制卡编程的详细信息请参见</span><span lang=EN-US>kernel/blk_drv/floppy.c</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序后面的说明。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L375><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>375</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> kill_motor:</span></p>
@@ -6893,19 +6893,19 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; push dx</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L377><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>377</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov dx,#0x3f2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�������ƿ�����������Ĵ����˿ڣ�ֻд��</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>软驱控制卡的数字输出寄存器端口，只写。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L378><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>378</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xor al, al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! A</span><span style='font-family:����'>���������ر�</span><span lang=EN-US>FDC</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ֹ</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ж����󣬹ر����</span></p>
+! A</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>驱动器，关闭</span><span lang=EN-US>FDC</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，禁止</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>和中断请求，关闭马达。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L379><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>379</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; outb&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�е����������</span><span lang=EN-US>dx</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ���Ķ˿�ȥ��</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>将</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中的内容输出到</span><span lang=EN-US>dx</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指定的端口去。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L380><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>380</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pop dx</span></p>
@@ -6921,21 +6921,21 @@ lang=EN-US> sectors:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L384><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>384</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .word 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ŵ�ǰ��������ÿ�ŵ�����������</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>存放当前启动软盘每磁道的扇区数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L385><span lang=EN-US>385</span></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L386><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>386</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> msg1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>��������</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ж���ʾ����Ϣ����</span><span lang=EN-US>9</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ַ���</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>开机调用</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中断显示的信息。共</span><span lang=EN-US>9</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个字符。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L387><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>387</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .byte 13,10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�س������е�</span><span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�롣</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>回车、换行的</span><span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>码。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L388><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>388</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .ascii
@@ -6945,11 +6945,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .ascii
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʾ�������ӵ�ַ</span><span lang=EN-US>508(0x1FC)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʼ������</span><span lang=EN-US>root_dev</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����������ĵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>508</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʼ��</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ֽ��С�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>表示下面语句从地址</span><span lang=EN-US>508(0x1FC)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>开始，所以</span><span lang=EN-US>root_dev</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>在启动扇区的第</span><span lang=EN-US>508</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>开始的</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个字节中。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L390><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>390</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> .org 506</span></p>
@@ -6959,27 +6959,27 @@ lang=EN-US> swap_dev:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L392><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>392</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .word SWAP_DEV&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�����Ž���ϵͳ�����豸��</span><span lang=EN-US>(init/main.c</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�л���</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>这里存放交换系统所在设备号</span><span lang=EN-US>(init/main.c</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中会用</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L393><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>393</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> root_dev:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L394><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>394</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .word ROOT_DEV&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span><span style='font-family:����'>�����Ÿ��ļ�ϵͳ�����豸��</span><span lang=EN-US>(init/main.c</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�л���</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+! </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>这里存放根文件系统所在设备号</span><span lang=EN-US>(init/main.c</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中会用</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����������̾�����Ч���������ı�־������</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�еĳ��������������ʱʶ��ʹ�á�������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面是启动盘具有有效引导扇区的标志。仅供</span><span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中的程序加载引导扇区时识别使用。它必须</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ��������������������ֽ��С�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>位于引导扇区的最后两个字节中。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><a name=L395><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>395</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> boot_flag:</span></p>
@@ -7029,7 +7029,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447969"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447373"></a><a name="_Toc53320598"><span lang=EN-US>6.2 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US> 6&#8209;2 linux/boot/setup.S</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US> 6&#8209;2 linux/boot/setup.S</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -7086,22 +7086,22 @@ buffer-blocks.</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L13">13</a> !</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! setup.s</span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>�л�ȡϵͳ���ݣ�������Щ���ݷŵ�ϵͳ�ڴ���ʵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! setup.s</span>负责从<span
+lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>中获取系统数据，并将这些数据放到系统内存的适当</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�ط�����ʱ<span lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>system</span>�Ѿ���<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>��������ص��ڴ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>地方。此时<span lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>system</span>已经由<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>引导块加载到内存中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��δ���ѯ��<span lang=EN-US>bios</span>�й��ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>����<span lang=EN-US>/</span>����������������Щ�����ŵ�һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>这段代码询问<span lang=EN-US>bios</span>有关内存<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>磁盘<span lang=EN-US>/</span>其他参数，并将这些参数放到一个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����ȫ�ġ��ط���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x90000-0x901FF</span>��Ҳ��ԭ��<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>“安全的”地方：<span
+lang=EN-US>0x90000-0x901FF</span>，也即原来<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>代码块曾经在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�ĵط���Ȼ���ڱ�����鸲�ǵ�֮ǰ�ɱ���ģʽ��<span
-lang=EN-US>system</span>��ȡ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>的地方，然后在被缓冲块覆盖掉之前由保护模式的<span
+lang=EN-US>system</span>读取。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L14">14</a> </span></p>
@@ -7110,34 +7110,34 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L14">14</a> </span><
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L15">15</a> ! NOTE!
 These had better be the same as in bootsect.s!</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>������Щ������ú�<span
-lang=EN-US>bootsect.s</span>�е���ͬ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>以下这些参数最好和<span
+lang=EN-US>bootsect.s</span>中的相同！</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L16">16</a>
 #include &lt;linux/config.h&gt;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! config.h</span>�ж�����<span
-lang=EN-US>DEF_INITSEG = 0x9000</span>��<span lang=EN-US>DEF_SYSSEG = 0x1000</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>DEF_SETUPSEG = 0x9020</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! config.h</span>中定义了<span
+lang=EN-US>DEF_INITSEG = 0x9000</span>；<span lang=EN-US>DEF_SYSSEG = 0x1000</span>；<span
+lang=EN-US>DEF_SETUPSEG = 0x9020</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L17">17</a> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L18">18</a>
-INITSEG&nbsp; = DEF_INITSEG&nbsp; ! we move boot here - out of the way ! </span>ԭ��<span
-lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>�����ĶΡ�</p>
+INITSEG&nbsp; = DEF_INITSEG&nbsp; ! we move boot here - out of the way ! </span>原来<span
+lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>所处的段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L19">19</a>
 SYSSEG&nbsp;&nbsp; = DEF_SYSSEG&nbsp;&nbsp; ! system loaded at 0x10000 (65536).&nbsp;
-! system</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x10000</span>����</p>
+! system</span>在<span lang=EN-US>0x10000</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L20">20</a>
 SETUPSEG = DEF_SETUPSEG ! this is the current segment&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span>���������ڵĶε�ַ��</p>
+</span>本程序所在的段地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L21">21</a> </span></p>
@@ -7190,17 +7190,17 @@ the read went well so we get current cursor position and save it for</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L35">35</a> !
 posterity.</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! ok</span>�����������̹��̶����������ڽ����λ�ñ����Ա����ʹ�ã���ش�����<span
-lang=EN-US>59--62</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! ok</span>，整个读磁盘过程都正常，现在将光标位置保存以备今后使用（相关代码在<span
+lang=EN-US>59--62</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L36">36</a> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;! </span>�¾佫<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>�ó�<span
-lang=EN-US>INITSEG(0x9000)</span>�����Ѿ���<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>���������ù�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>setup</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;! </span>下句将<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>置成<span
+lang=EN-US>INITSEG(0x9000)</span>。这已经在<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>程序中设置过，但是现在是<span
+lang=EN-US>setup</span>程序，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;! Linus</span>������Ҫ����������һ�¡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;! Linus</span>觉得需要再重新设置一下。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L37">37</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -7217,16 +7217,16 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L39">39</a> </span><
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L40">40</a> ! Get
 memory size (extended mem, kB)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>ȡ��չ�ڴ�Ĵ�Сֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>KB</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>取扩展内存的大小值（<span
+lang=EN-US>KB</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>�ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x15 </span>���ܺ�<span lang=EN-US>ah = 0x88 </span>ȡϵͳ������չ�ڴ��С���������ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x90002</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>利用<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>中断<span
+lang=EN-US>0x15 </span>功能号<span lang=EN-US>ah = 0x88 </span>取系统所含扩展内存大小并保存在内存<span
+lang=EN-US>0x90002</span>处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���أ�<span lang=EN-US>ax
-= </span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x100000</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1M</span>������ʼ����չ�ڴ��С<span
-lang=EN-US>(KB)</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>CF</span>��λ��<span lang=EN-US>ax = </span>�����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>返回：<span lang=EN-US>ax
+= </span>从<span lang=EN-US>0x100000</span>（<span lang=EN-US>1M</span>）处开始的扩展内存大小<span
+lang=EN-US>(KB)</span>。若出错则<span lang=EN-US>CF</span>置位，<span lang=EN-US>ax = </span>出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L41">41</a> </span></p>
@@ -7242,7 +7242,7 @@ int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0x15</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L44">44</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; [2],ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����չ�ڴ���ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>0x90002</span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���֣���</p>
+! </span>将扩展内存数值存在<span lang=EN-US>0x90002</span>处（<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个字）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L45">45</a> </span></p>
@@ -7251,25 +7251,25 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L45">45</a> </span><
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L46">46</a> ! check
 for EGA/VGA and some config parameters</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;! </span>�����ʾ��ʽ��<span
-lang=EN-US>EGA/VGA</span>����ȡ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;! </span>检查显示方式（<span
+lang=EN-US>EGA/VGA</span>）并取参数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>�ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x10</span>�����ӹ���ѡ��ʽ��Ϣ�����ܺţ�<span lang=EN-US>ah = 0x12</span>��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>调用<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>中断<span
+lang=EN-US>0x10</span>，附加功能选择方式信息。功能号：<span lang=EN-US>ah = 0x12</span>，<span
 lang=EN-US>bl = 0x10</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���أ�<span lang=EN-US>bh
-=</span>��ʾ״̬��<span lang=EN-US>0x00 -</span>��ɫģʽ��<span lang=EN-US>I/O</span>�˿�<span
-lang=EN-US>=0x3dX</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x01 -</span>��ɫģʽ��<span lang=EN-US>I/O</span>�˿�<span
-lang=EN-US>=0x3bX</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>返回：<span lang=EN-US>bh
+=</span>显示状态。<span lang=EN-US>0x00 -</span>彩色模式，<span lang=EN-US>I/O</span>端口<span
+lang=EN-US>=0x3dX</span>；<span lang=EN-US>0x01 -</span>单色模式，<span lang=EN-US>I/O</span>端口<span
+lang=EN-US>=0x3bX</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! bl = </span>��װ����ʾ�ڴ档<span
-lang=EN-US>0x00 - 64k</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x01 - 128k</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x02 - 192k</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x03 = 256k</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! bl = </span>安装的显示内存。<span
+lang=EN-US>0x00 - 64k</span>；<span lang=EN-US>0x01 - 128k</span>；<span
+lang=EN-US>0x02 - 192k</span>；<span lang=EN-US>0x03 = 256k</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! cx = </span>��ʾ�����Բ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�μ�������<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>��Ƶ�ж�<span lang=EN-US>0x10</span>��˵��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! cx = </span>显示卡特性参数<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>参见程序后对<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>视频中断<span lang=EN-US>0x10</span>的说明<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L47">47</a> </span></p>
@@ -7294,28 +7294,28 @@ mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; [8],ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L52">52</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; [10],bx&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-0x9000A =</span>��װ����ʾ�ڴ棻<span lang=EN-US>0x9000B=</span>��ʾ״̬<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>��ɫ<span lang=EN-US>)</span></p>
+0x9000A =</span>安装的显示内存；<span lang=EN-US>0x9000B=</span>显示状态<span lang=EN-US>(</span>彩<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>单色<span lang=EN-US>)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L53">53</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; [12],cx&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-0x9000C =</span>��ʾ�����Բ�����</p>
+0x9000C =</span>显示卡特性参数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����Ļ��ǰ����ֵ������ʾ����<span
-lang=EN-US>VGA</span>��ʱ�������û�ѡ����ʾ����ֵ�������浽<span lang=EN-US>0x9000E</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>检测屏幕当前行列值。若显示卡是<span
+lang=EN-US>VGA</span>卡时则请求用户选择显示行列值，并保存到<span lang=EN-US>0x9000E</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L54">54</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,#0x5019&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>ax</span>��Ԥ����ĻĬ������ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>ah = 80</span>�У�<span
-lang=EN-US>al=25</span>�У���</p>
+mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,#0x5019&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>在<span
+lang=EN-US>ax</span>中预置屏幕默认行列值（<span lang=EN-US>ah = 80</span>列；<span
+lang=EN-US>al=25</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L55">55</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bl,#0x10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>���жϷ���<span lang=EN-US>bl</span>ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>0x10</span>�����ʾ����<span
-lang=EN-US>VGA</span>��ʾ������ת��</p>
+! </span>若中断返回<span lang=EN-US>bl</span>值为<span lang=EN-US>0x10</span>，则表示不是<span
+lang=EN-US>VGA</span>显示卡，跳转。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L56">56</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -7324,31 +7324,31 @@ je&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; novga</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L57">57</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; chsvga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�����ʾ�����Һ����ͣ��޸���ʾ����ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>215</span>�У���</p>
+! </span>检测显示卡厂家和类型，修改显示行列值（第<span lang=EN-US>215</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L58">58</a>
 novga:&nbsp; mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; [14],ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>������Ļ��ǰ����ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>0x9000E</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x9000F</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>保存屏幕当前行列值（<span lang=EN-US>0x9000E</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>0x9000F</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��δ���ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>�ж�ȡ��Ļ��ǰ���λ�ã��С��У������������ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x90000</span>����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽڣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>这段代码使用<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>中断取屏幕当前光标位置（列、行），并保存在内存<span
+lang=EN-US>0x90000</span>处（<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字节）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����̨��ʼ������ᵽ�˴���ȡ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>控制台初始化程序会到此处读取该值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! BIOS</span>�ж�<span lang=EN-US>0x10</span>���ܺ�<span
-lang=EN-US> ah = 0x03</span>�������λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! BIOS</span>中断<span lang=EN-US>0x10</span>功能号<span
+lang=EN-US> ah = 0x03</span>，读光标位置。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���룺<span lang=EN-US>bh
-= </span>ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>输入：<span lang=EN-US>bh
+= </span>页号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���أ�<span lang=EN-US>ch
-= </span>ɨ�迪ʼ�ߣ�<span lang=EN-US>cl = </span>ɨ������ߣ�<span lang=EN-US>dh = </span>�к�<span
-lang=EN-US>(0x00</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>dl = </span>�к�<span
-lang=EN-US>(0x00</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>返回：<span lang=EN-US>ch
+= </span>扫描开始线；<span lang=EN-US>cl = </span>扫描结束线；<span lang=EN-US>dh = </span>行号<span
+lang=EN-US>(0x00</span>顶端<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>dl = </span>列号<span
+lang=EN-US>(0x00</span>最左边<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L59">59</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -7378,17 +7378,17 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L63">63</a>&nbsp;&nb
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L64">64</a> ! Get
 video-card data:</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����������ȡ��ʾ����ǰ��ʾģʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>下面这段用于取显示卡当前显示模式。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>�ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x10</span>�����ܺ�<span lang=EN-US> ah = 0x0f</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>调用<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>中断<span
+lang=EN-US>0x10</span>，功能号<span lang=EN-US> ah = 0x0f</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���أ�<span lang=EN-US>ah
-= </span>�ַ�������<span lang=EN-US>al = </span>��ʾģʽ��<span lang=EN-US>bh = </span>��ǰ��ʾҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>返回：<span lang=EN-US>ah
+= </span>字符列数；<span lang=EN-US>al = </span>显示模式；<span lang=EN-US>bh = </span>当前显示页。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x90004(1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��ŵ�ǰҳ��<span lang=EN-US>0x90006</span>�����ʾģʽ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x90007</span>����ַ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x90004(1</span>字<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>存放当前页；<span lang=EN-US>0x90006</span>存放显示模式；<span
+lang=EN-US>0x90007</span>存放字符列数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L65">65</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -7421,34 +7421,34 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L70">70</a> </span><
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L71">71</a> ! Get
 hd0 data</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ȡ��һ��Ӳ�̵���Ϣ������Ӳ�̲���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>取第一个硬盘的信息（复制硬盘参数表）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ӳ�̲��������׵�ַ��Ȼ���ж�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0x41</span>������ֵ������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ�̲����������ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个硬盘参数表的首地址竟然是中断向量<span
+lang=EN-US>0x41</span>的向量值！而第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘参数表紧接在第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ĺ��棬�ж�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0x46</span>������ֵҲָ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ�̵Ĳ�������ַ�����ĳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>16</span>���ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>表的后面，中断向量<span
+lang=EN-US>0x46</span>的向量值也指向第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘的参数表首址。表的长度是<span
+lang=EN-US>16</span>个字节。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�������γ���ֱ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span>���й�����Ӳ�̵Ĳ�������<span lang=EN-US>0x90080</span>����ŵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ӳ�̵ı���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>下面两段程序分别复制<span
+lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span>中有关两个硬盘的参数表，<span lang=EN-US>0x90080</span>处存放第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个硬盘的表，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x90090</span>����ŵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ�̵ı���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x90090</span>处存放第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘的表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L72">72</a> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>75</span>�������ڴ�ָ��λ�ô���ȡһ����ָ��ֵ������<span
-lang=EN-US>ds</span>��<span lang=EN-US>si</span>�Ĵ����С�<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>�зŶε�ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>第<span lang=EN-US>75</span>行语句从内存指定位置处读取一个长指针值并放入<span
+lang=EN-US>ds</span>和<span lang=EN-US>si</span>寄存器中。<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>中放段地址，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! si</span>�Ƕ���ƫ�Ƶ�ַ�������ǰ��ڴ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>4 * 0x41</span>��<span lang=EN-US>= 0x104</span>���������<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>���ֽڶ�������<span lang=EN-US>4</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! si</span>是段内偏移地址。这里是把内存地址<span
+lang=EN-US>4 * 0x41</span>（<span lang=EN-US>= 0x104</span>）处保存的<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>个字节读出。这<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�ڼ���Ӳ�̲���������λ�õĶκ�ƫ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>节即是硬盘参数表所处位置的段和偏移值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L73">73</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -7461,8 +7461,8 @@ mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ds,ax</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L75">75</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lds&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,[4*0x41]&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span>ȡ�ж�����<span lang=EN-US>0x41</span>��ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>hd0</span>�������ĵ�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ds:si</span></p>
+</span>取中断向量<span lang=EN-US>0x41</span>的值，即<span lang=EN-US>hd0</span>参数表的地址<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>ds:si</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L76">76</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -7475,13 +7475,13 @@ mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; es,ax</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L78">78</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,#0x0080&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span>�����Ŀ�ĵ�ַ<span lang=EN-US>: 0x9000:0x0080 </span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US> es:di</span></p>
+</span>传输的目的地址<span lang=EN-US>: 0x9000:0x0080 </span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US> es:di</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L79">79</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,#0x10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span>������<span lang=EN-US>16</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+</span>共传输<span lang=EN-US>16</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L80">80</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -7512,8 +7512,8 @@ mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ds,ax</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L87">87</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lds&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,[4*0x46]&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span>ȡ�ж�����<span lang=EN-US>0x46</span>��ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>hd1</span>�������ĵ�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ds:si</span></p>
+</span>取中断向量<span lang=EN-US>0x46</span>的值，即<span lang=EN-US>hd1</span>参数表的地址<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>ds:si</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L88">88</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -7526,8 +7526,8 @@ mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; es,ax</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L90">90</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,#0x0090&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span>�����Ŀ�ĵ�ַ<span lang=EN-US>: 0x9000:0x0090 </span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US> es:di</span></p>
+</span>传输的目的地址<span lang=EN-US>: 0x9000:0x0090 </span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US> es:di</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L91">91</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -7548,24 +7548,24 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L94">94</a> </span><
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L95">95</a> ! Check
 that there IS a hd1 :-)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ϵͳ�Ƿ��е�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ�̡����û����ѵ�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�������㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>检查系统是否有第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘。如果没有则把第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个表清零。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>�жϵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x13</span>��ȡ�����͹��ܣ����ܺ�<span lang=EN-US> ah = 0x15</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>利用<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>中断调用<span
+lang=EN-US>0x13</span>的取盘类型功能，功能号<span lang=EN-US> ah = 0x15</span>；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���룺<span lang=EN-US>dl
-= </span>�������ţ�<span lang=EN-US>0x8X</span>��Ӳ�̣�<span lang=EN-US>0x80</span>ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ӳ�̣�<span lang=EN-US>0x81</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ�̣�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>输入：<span lang=EN-US>dl
+= </span>驱动器号（<span lang=EN-US>0x8X</span>是硬盘：<span lang=EN-US>0x80</span>指第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个硬盘，<span lang=EN-US>0x81</span>第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>ah
-= </span>�����룻<span lang=EN-US>00 - </span>û������̣�<span lang=EN-US>CF</span>��λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>01 - </span>��������û��<span lang=EN-US>change-line</span>֧�֣�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>输出：<span lang=EN-US>ah
+= </span>类型码；<span lang=EN-US>00 - </span>没有这个盘，<span lang=EN-US>CF</span>置位；<span
+lang=EN-US>01 - </span>是软驱，没有<span lang=EN-US>change-line</span>支持；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 !&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-02 - </span>������<span lang=EN-US>(</span>���������ƶ��豸<span lang=EN-US>)</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>change-line</span>֧�֣�<span lang=EN-US> 03 - </span>��Ӳ�̡�</p>
+02 - </span>是软驱<span lang=EN-US>(</span>或其他可移动设备<span lang=EN-US>)</span>，有<span
+lang=EN-US>change-line</span>支持；<span lang=EN-US> 03 - </span>是硬盘。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L96">96</a> </span></p>
@@ -7589,8 +7589,8 @@ jc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; no_disk1</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L101">101</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ah,#3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��Ӳ����<span lang=EN-US>(</span>����<span lang=EN-US> = 3 </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+! </span>是硬盘吗？<span lang=EN-US>(</span>类型<span lang=EN-US> = 3 </span>？<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L102">102</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -7603,7 +7603,7 @@ no_disk1:</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L104">104</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,#INITSEG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ�̲����ڣ���Ե�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ�̱����㡣</p>
+! </span>第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘不存在，则对第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘表清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L105">105</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -7640,7 +7640,7 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L112">112</a> </span
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L113">113</a> ! now
 we want to move to protected mode ...</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��������Ҫ���뱣��ģʽ����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>现在我们要进入保护模式中了<span
 lang=EN-US>...</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
@@ -7649,7 +7649,7 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L114">114</a> </span
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L115">115</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cli&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! no interrupts allowed !&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�Ӵ˿�ʼ�������жϡ�</p>
+! no interrupts allowed !&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>从此开始不允许中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L116">116</a> </span></p>
@@ -7658,25 +7658,25 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L116">116</a> </span
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L117">117</a> !
 first we move the system to it's rightful place</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�������ǽ�<span lang=EN-US>system</span>ģ���Ƶ���ȷ��λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>首先我们将<span lang=EN-US>system</span>模块移到正确的位置。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! bootsect</span>����������<span
-lang=EN-US> system </span>ģ����뵽�ڴ�<span lang=EN-US> 0x10000</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>64KB</span>����ʼ��λ�á����ڵ�ʱ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! bootsect</span>引导程序会把<span
+lang=EN-US> system </span>模块读入到内存<span lang=EN-US> 0x10000</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>64KB</span>）开始的位置。由于当时假设</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! system</span>ģ����󳤶Ȳ��ᳬ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x80000</span>��<span lang=EN-US>512KB</span>��������ĩ�˲��ᳬ���ڴ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>0x90000</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! system</span>模块最大长度不会超过<span
+lang=EN-US>0x80000</span>（<span lang=EN-US>512KB</span>），即其末端不会超过内存地址<span
+lang=EN-US>0x90000</span>，所以</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! bootsect</span>����Լ��ƶ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x90000</span>��ʼ�ĵط�������<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>���ص����ĺ��档������γ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! bootsect</span>会把自己移动到<span
+lang=EN-US>0x90000</span>开始的地方，并把<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>加载到它的后面。下面这段程序的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��;���ٰ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>system</span>ģ���ƶ���<span lang=EN-US> 0x00000</span>λ�ã����Ѵ�<span
-lang=EN-US> 0x10000</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x8ffff </span>���ڴ����ݿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>用途是再把整个<span
+lang=EN-US>system</span>模块移动到<span lang=EN-US> 0x00000</span>位置，即把从<span
+lang=EN-US> 0x10000</span>到<span lang=EN-US>0x8ffff </span>的内存数据块</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>512KB</span>����������ڴ�Ͷ��ƶ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x10000</span>��<span lang=EN-US>64KB</span>����λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>（<span lang=EN-US>512KB</span>）整块地向内存低端移动了<span
+lang=EN-US>0x10000</span>（<span lang=EN-US>64KB</span>）的位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L118">118</a> </span></p>
@@ -7698,7 +7698,7 @@ do_move:</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L122">122</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 es,ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! destination
-segment ! es:di</span>��Ŀ�ĵ�ַ<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��ʼΪ<span lang=EN-US>0x0:0x0)</span></p>
+segment ! es:di</span>是目的地址<span lang=EN-US>(</span>初始为<span lang=EN-US>0x0:0x0)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L123">123</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -7706,18 +7706,18 @@ add&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,#0x1000</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L124">124</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,#0x9000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�Ѿ������һ�Σ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x8000</span>�ο�ʼ��<span lang=EN-US>64KB</span>�������ƶ��ꣿ</p>
+cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,#0x9000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>已经把最后一段（从<span
+lang=EN-US>0x8000</span>段开始的<span lang=EN-US>64KB</span>）代码移动完？</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L125">125</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jz&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; end_move&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�ǣ�����ת��</p>
+! </span>是，则跳转。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L126">126</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ds,ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! source segment&nbsp; ! ds:si</span>��Դ��ַ<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��ʼΪ<span
+! source segment&nbsp; ! ds:si</span>是源地址<span lang=EN-US>(</span>初始为<span
 lang=EN-US>0x1000:0x0)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
@@ -7730,8 +7730,8 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L128">128</a>&nbsp;&
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L129">129</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,#0x8000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�ƶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x8000</span>�֣�<span lang=EN-US>64KB</span>�ֽڣ���</p>
+mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,#0x8000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>移动<span
+lang=EN-US>0x8000</span>字（<span lang=EN-US>64KB</span>字节）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L130></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L130"><span
@@ -7757,45 +7757,45 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L134"><span
 lang=EN-US>134</span></a><span lang=EN-US> ! then we load the segment
 descriptors</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�˺����Ǽ��ض���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>此后，我们加载段描述符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����￪ʼ������<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>λ����ģʽ�Ĳ����������Ҫ<span lang=EN-US>Intel 32</span>λ����ģʽ��̷����֪ʶ�ˣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>从这里开始会遇到<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>位保护模式的操作，因此需要<span lang=EN-US>Intel 32</span>位保护模式编程方面的知识了，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�й��ⷽ�����Ϣ������б���ļ򵥽��ܻ�¼�е���ϸ˵�������������Ҫ˵�����ڽ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>有关这方面的信息请查阅列表后的简单介绍或附录中的详细说明。这里仅作概要说明。在进入</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����ģʽ������֮ǰ��������Ҫ�������ú���Ҫʹ�õĶ�����������������Ҫ����ȫ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>保护模式中运行之前，我们需要首先设置好需要使用的段描述符表。这里需要设置全局描述符</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����ж�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>表和中断描述符表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����ָ��<span lang=EN-US>lidt</span>���ڼ����ж�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>IDT</span>���Ĵ��������Ĳ�������<span lang=EN-US>idt_48</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>6</span>�ֽڡ�ǰ<span lang=EN-US>2</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>下面指令<span lang=EN-US>lidt</span>用于加载中断描述符表（<span
+lang=EN-US>IDT</span>）寄存器。它的操作数（<span lang=EN-US>idt_48</span>）有<span
+lang=EN-US>6</span>字节。前<span lang=EN-US>2</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�ֽڣ��ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>0-1</span>���������������ֽڳ���ֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڣ��ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>2-5</span>��������������<span lang=EN-US>32</span>λ���Ի�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>字节（字节<span lang=EN-US>0-1</span>）是描述符表的字节长度值；后<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>字节（字节<span lang=EN-US>2-5</span>）是描述符表的<span lang=EN-US>32</span>位线性基</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ַ������ʽ�μ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>218--220</span>�к�<span lang=EN-US>222--224</span>��˵�����ж����������е�ÿһ��<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>�ֽڱ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>地址，其形式参见下面<span
+lang=EN-US>218--220</span>行和<span lang=EN-US>222--224</span>行说明。中断描述符表中的每一个<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>字节表项</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ָ�������ж�ʱ��Ҫ���õĴ�����Ϣ�����ж�������Щ���ƣ���Ҫ�����������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>指出发生中断时需要调用的代码信息。与中断向量有些相似，但要包含更多的信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! lgdt</span>ָ�����ڼ���ȫ������������<span
-lang=EN-US>GDT</span>���Ĵ��������������ʽ��<span lang=EN-US>lidt</span>ָ�����ͬ��ȫ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! lgdt</span>指令用于加载全局描述符表（<span
+lang=EN-US>GDT</span>）寄存器，其操作数格式与<span lang=EN-US>lidt</span>指令的相同。全局描述</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����е�ÿ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>�ֽڣ������˱���ģʽ�����ݶκʹ���Σ��飩����Ϣ�� ���а���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>符表中的每个描述符项（<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>字节）描述了保护模式下数据段和代码段（块）的信息。 其中包括</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�ε���󳤶����ƣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>16</span>λ�����ε����Ե�ַ��ַ��<span lang=EN-US>32</span>λ�����ε���Ȩ�������Ƿ����ڴ桢��д</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>段的最大长度限制（<span
+lang=EN-US>16</span>位）、段的线性地址基址（<span lang=EN-US>32</span>位）、段的特权级、段是否在内存、读写</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����Ȩ�Լ�����һЩ����ģʽ���еı�־���μ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>205--216</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>许可权以及其他一些保护模式运行的标志。参见后面<span
+lang=EN-US>205--216</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L135></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L135"><span
@@ -7815,7 +7815,7 @@ at first. didn't work :-)</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L138"><span
 lang=EN-US>138</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ds,ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! ds</span>ָ�򱾳���<span lang=EN-US>(setup)</span>�Ρ�</p>
+! ds</span>指向本程序<span lang=EN-US>(setup)</span>段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L139></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L139"><span
@@ -7823,14 +7823,14 @@ lang=EN-US>139</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 lidt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 idt_48&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! load idt with
 0,0&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span>����<span lang=EN-US>IDT</span>�Ĵ�����</p>
+</span>加载<span lang=EN-US>IDT</span>寄存器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L140></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L140"><span
 lang=EN-US>140</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lgdt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 gdt_48&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! load gdt with
-whatever appropriate ! </span>����<span lang=EN-US>GDT</span>�Ĵ�����</p>
+whatever appropriate ! </span>加载<span lang=EN-US>GDT</span>寄存器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L141></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L141"><span
@@ -7841,20 +7841,20 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L142"><span
 lang=EN-US>142</span></a><span lang=EN-US> ! that was painless, now we enable
 A20</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ϵĲ����ܼ򵥣��������ǿ���<span
-lang=EN-US>A20</span>��ַ�ߡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>以上的操作很简单，现在我们开启<span
+lang=EN-US>A20</span>地址线。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>Ϊ���ܹ����ʺ�ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1MB</span>���ϵ������ڴ棬������Ҫ���ȿ���<span lang=EN-US>A20</span>��ַ�ߡ��μ��������б���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>为了能够访问和使用<span
+lang=EN-US>1MB</span>以上的物理内存，我们需要首先开启<span lang=EN-US>A20</span>地址线。参见本程序列表后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�й�<span lang=EN-US>A20</span>�ź��ߵ�˵�����������漰��һЩ�˿ں�����ɲο�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>有关<span lang=EN-US>A20</span>信号线的说明。关于所涉及的一些端口和命令，可参考<span
 lang=EN-US>kernel/chr_drv/keyboard.S</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����Լ��̽ӿڵ�˵�������ڻ����Ƿ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>A20</span>��ַ�ߣ����ǻ���Ҫ�ڽ��뱣��ģʽ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>程序后对键盘接口的说明。至于机器是否真正开启了<span
+lang=EN-US>A20</span>地址线，我们还需要在进入保护模式</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>֮���ܷ���<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>�����ڴ�֮���ڲ���һ�¡��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>head.S</span>�����У�<span lang=EN-US>32--36</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>之后（能访问<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>以上内存之后）在测试一下。这个工作放在了<span
+lang=EN-US>head.S</span>程序中（<span lang=EN-US>32--36</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L143></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L143"><span
@@ -7864,49 +7864,49 @@ lang=EN-US>143</span></a><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L144"><span
 lang=EN-US>144</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; empty_8042&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����<span lang=EN-US>8042</span>״̬�Ĵ������ȴ����뻺�����ա�</p>
+! </span>测试<span lang=EN-US>8042</span>状态寄存器，等待输入缓冲器空。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>ֻ�е����뻺����Ϊ��ʱ�ſ��Զ���ִ��д���</p>
+! </span>只有当输入缓冲器为空时才可以对其执行写命令。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L145></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L145"><span
 lang=EN-US>145</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 al,#0xD1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! command write ! 0xD1</span>������<span lang=EN-US>-</span>��ʾҪд���ݵ�</p>
+! command write ! 0xD1</span>命令码<span lang=EN-US>-</span>表示要写数据到</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L146></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L146"><span
 lang=EN-US>146</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #0x64,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! 8042</span>��<span lang=EN-US>P2</span>�˿ڡ�<span lang=EN-US>P2</span>�˿�λ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����<span lang=EN-US>A20</span>�ߵ�ѡͨ��</p>
+! 8042</span>的<span lang=EN-US>P2</span>端口。<span lang=EN-US>P2</span>端口位<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>用于<span lang=EN-US>A20</span>线的选通。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L147></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L147"><span
 lang=EN-US>147</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; empty_8042 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span>�ȴ����뻺�����գ��������Ƿ񱻽��ܡ�</p>
+</span>等待输入缓冲器空，看命令是否被接受。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L148></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L148"><span
 lang=EN-US>148</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 al,#0xDF&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! A20 on &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>ѡͨ<span lang=EN-US>A20</span>��ַ�ߵĲ�����</p>
+! A20 on &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>选通<span lang=EN-US>A20</span>地址线的参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L149></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L149"><span
 lang=EN-US>149</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #0x60,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����Ҫд��<span lang=EN-US>0x60</span>�ڡ�</p>
+! </span>数据要写到<span lang=EN-US>0x60</span>口。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L150></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L150"><span
 lang=EN-US>150</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; empty_8042&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����ʱ���뻺����Ϊ�գ����ʾ<span lang=EN-US>A20</span>���Ѿ�ѡͨ��</p>
+! </span>若此时输入缓冲器为空，则表示<span lang=EN-US>A20</span>线已经选通。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L151></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L151"><span
@@ -7949,63 +7949,63 @@ it isn't fun.</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ϣ������һ���������������Ǳ������¶��жϽ��б��<span
-lang=EN-US> :-( </span>���ǽ����Ƿ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>希望以上一切正常。现在我们必须重新对中断进行编程<span
+lang=EN-US> :-( </span>我们将它们放在正好</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����<span lang=EN-US>Intel</span>������Ӳ���жϺ��棬��<span
-lang=EN-US>int 0x20--0x2F</span>�����������ǲ��������ͻ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>处于<span lang=EN-US>Intel</span>保留的硬件中断后面，即<span
+lang=EN-US>int 0x20--0x2F</span>。在那里它们不会引起冲突。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ҵ���<span lang=EN-US>IBM</span>��ԭ<span
-lang=EN-US>PC</span>���и����ˣ��Ժ�Ҳû�о�������������<span lang=EN-US>PC</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>���ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>不幸的是<span lang=EN-US>IBM</span>在原<span
+lang=EN-US>PC</span>机中搞糟了，以后也没有纠正过来。所以<span lang=EN-US>PC</span>机<span
+lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>把中断</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>������<span lang=EN-US>0x08--0x0f</span>����Щ�ж�Ҳ�������ڲ�Ӳ���жϡ��������Ǿͱ������¶�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>放在了<span lang=EN-US>0x08--0x0f</span>，这些中断也被用于内部硬件中断。所以我们就必须重新对<span
 lang=EN-US>8259</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�жϿ��������б�̣���һ�㶼û��˼��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>中断控制器进行编程，这一点都没意思。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! PC</span>��ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>8259A</span>оƬ�����ڶԿɱ�̿�����<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>оƬ�ı�̷�����μ��������Ľ��ܡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! PC</span>机使用<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个<span
+lang=EN-US>8259A</span>芯片，关于对可编程控制器<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>芯片的编程方法请参见本程序后的介绍。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>162</span>���϶���������֣�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x00eb</span>����ֱ��ʹ�û������ʾ�����������תָ�����ʱ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>第<span lang=EN-US>162</span>行上定义的两个字（<span
+lang=EN-US>0x00eb</span>）是直接使用机器码表示的两条相对跳转指令，起延时作用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0xeb</span>��ֱ�ӽ���תָ��Ĳ����룬��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���ֽڵ����λ��ֵ�������ת��Χ��<span lang=EN-US>-127</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>127</span>��<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0xeb</span>是直接近跳转指令的操作码，带<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个字节的相对位移值。因此跳转范围是<span lang=EN-US>-127</span>到<span
+lang=EN-US>127</span>。<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ͨ����������λ��ֵ�ӵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>EIP</span>�Ĵ����о��γ�һ���µ���Ч��ַ����ʱ<span lang=EN-US>EIP</span>ָ����һ����ִ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>通过把这个相对位移值加到<span
+lang=EN-US>EIP</span>寄存器中就形成一个新的有效地址。此时<span lang=EN-US>EIP</span>指向下一条被执行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ָ�ִ��ʱ�����ѵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>ʱ����������<span lang=EN-US>7</span>��<span lang=EN-US>10</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>0x00eb </span>��ʾ��תֵ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��һ��ָ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>的指令。执行时所花费的<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>时钟周期数是<span lang=EN-US>7</span>至<span lang=EN-US>10</span>个。<span
+lang=EN-US>0x00eb </span>表示跳转值是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的一条指令，因</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�˻���ֱ��ִ����һ��ָ�������ָ����ṩ<span
-lang=EN-US>14--20</span>��<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>ʱ�����ڵ��ӳ�ʱ�䡣��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>此还是直接执行下一条指令。这两条指令共可提供<span
+lang=EN-US>14--20</span>个<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>时钟周期的延迟时间。在<span
 lang=EN-US>as86</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��û�б�ʾ��Ӧָ������Ƿ������<span
-lang=EN-US>Linus</span>��<span lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>��һЩ�������о�ֱ��ʹ�û���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>中没有表示相应指令的助记符，因此<span
+lang=EN-US>Linus</span>在<span lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>等一些汇编程序中就直接使用机器码来表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ʾ����ָ����⣬ÿ���ղ���ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>NOP</span>��ʱ����������<span lang=EN-US>3</span>���������Ҫ�ﵽ��ͬ���ӳ�Ч����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>示这种指令。另外，每个空操作指令<span
+lang=EN-US>NOP</span>的时钟周期数是<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个，因此若要达到相同的延迟效果就</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��Ҫ<span lang=EN-US>6</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>��<span lang=EN-US>NOP</span>ָ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>需要<span lang=EN-US>6</span>至<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>个<span lang=EN-US>NOP</span>指令。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L159></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L159"><span
 lang=EN-US>159</span></a><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 8259</span>оƬ��Ƭ�˿���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x20-0x21</span>����Ƭ�˿���<span lang=EN-US>0xA0-0xA1</span>�����ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>0x11</span>��ʾ��ʼ�����ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 8259</span>芯片主片端口是<span
+lang=EN-US>0x20-0x21</span>，从片端口是<span lang=EN-US>0xA0-0xA1</span>。输出值<span
+lang=EN-US>0x11</span>表示初始化命令开始，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����<span lang=EN-US>ICW1</span>�����֣���ʾ���ش�������Ƭ<span
-lang=EN-US>8259</span>���������Ҫ����<span lang=EN-US>ICW4</span>�����֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>它是<span lang=EN-US>ICW1</span>命令字，表示边沿触发、多片<span
+lang=EN-US>8259</span>级连、最后要发送<span lang=EN-US>ICW4</span>命令字。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L160></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L160"><span
@@ -8019,28 +8019,28 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L161"><span
 lang=EN-US>161</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 #0x20,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! send it to 8259A-1&nbsp; ! </span>���͵�<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>��оƬ��</p>
+! send it to 8259A-1&nbsp; ! </span>发送到<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>主芯片。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L162></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L162"><span
 lang=EN-US>162</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 .word&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x00eb,0x00eb&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! jmp
-$+2, jmp $+2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! '$'</span>��ʾ��ǰָ��ĵ�ַ��</p>
+$+2, jmp $+2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! '$'</span>表示当前指令的地址，</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L163></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L163"><span
 lang=EN-US>163</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #0xA0,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-and to 8259A-2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�ٷ��͵�<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>��оƬ��</p>
+and to 8259A-2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>再发送到<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>从芯片。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L164></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L164"><span
 lang=EN-US>164</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 .word&nbsp;&nbsp; 0x00eb,0x00eb</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! Linux</span>ϵͳӲ���жϺű����óɴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x20</span>��ʼ���μ���<span lang=EN-US>3-2</span>��Ӳ���ж������ź����жϺŶ�Ӧ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! Linux</span>系统硬件中断号被设置成从<span
+lang=EN-US>0x20</span>开始。参见表<span lang=EN-US>3-2</span>：硬件中断请求信号与中断号对应表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L165></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L165"><span
@@ -8053,7 +8053,7 @@ al,#0x20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L166"><span
 lang=EN-US>166</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #0x21,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����оƬ<span lang=EN-US>ICW2</span>�����֣�������ʼ�жϺţ�Ҫ����˿ڡ�</p>
+! </span>送主芯片<span lang=EN-US>ICW2</span>命令字，设置起始中断号，要送奇端口。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L167></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L167"><span
@@ -8071,7 +8071,7 @@ al,#0x28&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L169"><span
 lang=EN-US>169</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #0xA1,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�ʹ�оƬ<span lang=EN-US>ICW2</span>�����֣���оƬ����ʼ�жϺš�</p>
+! </span>送从芯片<span lang=EN-US>ICW2</span>命令字，从芯片的起始中断号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L170></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L170"><span
@@ -8089,11 +8089,11 @@ al,#0x04&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L172"><span
 lang=EN-US>172</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #0x21,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����оƬ<span lang=EN-US>ICW3</span>�����֣���оƬ��<span lang=EN-US>IR2</span>����оƬ<span
-lang=EN-US>INT</span>��</p>
+! </span>送主芯片<span lang=EN-US>ICW3</span>命令字，主芯片的<span lang=EN-US>IR2</span>连从芯片<span
+lang=EN-US>INT</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>���μ������б����˵����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>！参见代码列表后的说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L173></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L173"><span
@@ -8111,11 +8111,11 @@ al,#0x02&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L175"><span
 lang=EN-US>175</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #0xA1,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�ʹ�оƬ<span lang=EN-US>ICW3</span>�����֣���ʾ��оƬ��<span lang=EN-US>INT</span>������о</p>
+! </span>送从芯片<span lang=EN-US>ICW3</span>命令字，表示从芯片的<span lang=EN-US>INT</span>连到主芯</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>Ƭ��<span
-lang=EN-US>IR2</span>�����ϡ�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>片的<span
+lang=EN-US>IR2</span>引脚上。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L176></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L176"><span
@@ -8132,11 +8132,11 @@ al,#0x01&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L178"><span
 lang=EN-US>178</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #0x21,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����оƬ<span lang=EN-US>ICW4</span>�����֡�<span lang=EN-US>8086</span>ģʽ����ͨ<span
-lang=EN-US>EOI</span>���ǻ���</p>
+! </span>送主芯片<span lang=EN-US>ICW4</span>命令字。<span lang=EN-US>8086</span>模式；普通<span
+lang=EN-US>EOI</span>、非缓冲</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;! </span>��ʽ���跢��ָ������λ����ʼ��������оƬ������</p>
+&nbsp;! </span>方式，需发送指令来复位。初始化结束，芯片就绪。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L179></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L179"><span
@@ -8146,8 +8146,8 @@ lang=EN-US>179</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 <p class=a><a name=L180></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L180"><span
 lang=EN-US>180</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #0xA1,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>���ʹ�оƬ<span
-lang=EN-US>ICW4</span>�����֣�����ͬ�ϡ�</p>
+out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #0xA1,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>！送从芯片<span
+lang=EN-US>ICW4</span>命令字，内容同上。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L181></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L181"><span
@@ -8164,7 +8164,7 @@ mask off all interrupts for now</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L183"><span
 lang=EN-US>183</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #0x21,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>������оƬ�����ж�����</p>
+! </span>屏蔽主芯片所有中断请求。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L184></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L184"><span
@@ -8175,7 +8175,7 @@ lang=EN-US>184</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L185"><span
 lang=EN-US>185</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #0xA1,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�����δ�оƬ�����ж�����</p>
+</span>！屏蔽从芯片所有中断请求。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L186></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L186"><span
@@ -8227,54 +8227,54 @@ lang=EN-US>195</span></a><span lang=EN-US> ! absolute address 0x00000, in
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�ߣ�������α�̵�Ȼû��<span
-lang=EN-US>:-(</span>����ϣ�������ܹ�������������Ҳ������Ҫ��ζ��<span lang=EN-US>BIOS </span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>哼，上面这段编程当然没劲<span
+lang=EN-US>:-(</span>，但希望这样能工作，而且我们也不再需要乏味的<span lang=EN-US>BIOS </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�ˣ����˳�ʼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>:-)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>�ӳ���Ҫ��ܶ಻��Ҫ�����ݣ�������һ�㶼ûȤ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>了（除了初始加载<span
+lang=EN-US>:-)</span>。<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>子程序要求很多不必要的数据，而且它一点都没趣。那是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���������ĳ���Ա�������¡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>“真正”的程序员所做的事。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ˣ�������������ʼ���뱣��ģʽ��ʱ���ˡ�Ϊ�˰��������þ����򵥣����ǲ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>好了，现在是真正开始进入保护模式的时候了。为了把事情做得尽量简单，我们并不对</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�Ĵ������ݽ����κ����á�������<span
-lang=EN-US>gnu</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>32</span>λ����ȥ������Щ�¡��ڽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>寄存器内容进行任何设置。我们让<span
+lang=EN-US>gnu</span>编译的<span lang=EN-US>32</span>位程序去处理这些事。在进入<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>位保</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ģʽʱ���ǽ��Ǽ򵥵���ת�����Ե�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>0x00000</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>护模式时我们仅是简单地跳转到绝对地址<span
+lang=EN-US>0x00000</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L196></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L196"><span
 lang=EN-US>196</span></a><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�������ò�����<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>λ����ģʽ���С����ȼ��ػ���״̬��<span lang=EN-US>(lmsw-Load Machine Status
-Word)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>下面设置并进入<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>位保护模式运行。首先加载机器状态字<span lang=EN-US>(lmsw-Load Machine Status
+Word)</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>Ҳ�ƿ��ƼĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>CR0</span>�������λ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>�л�������ģʽ��������������Ȩ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>也称控制寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>CR0</span>，其比特位<span lang=EN-US>0</span>置<span lang=EN-US>1</span>将导致<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>切换到保护模式，并且运行在特权级<span lang=EN-US>0</span>中，即</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ǰ��Ȩ��<span lang=EN-US>CPL=0</span>����ʱ�μĴ�����Ȼָ����ʵ��ַģʽ����ͬ�����Ե�ַ������ʵ��ַģʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>当前特权级<span lang=EN-US>CPL=0</span>。此时段寄存器仍然指向与实地址模式中相同的线性地址处（在实地址模式下</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���Ե�ַ�������ڴ��ַ��ͬ���������øñ���λ�����һ��ָ�������һ���μ���תָ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>线性地址与物理内存地址相同）。在设置该比特位后，随后一条指令必须是一条段间跳转指令以</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����ˢ��<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>��ǰָ����С���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>����ִ��һ��ָ��֮ǰ���Ѵ��ڴ��ȡ��ָ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>用于刷新<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>当前指令队列。因为<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>是在执行一条指令之前就已从内存读取该指令并对其进行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���롣Ȼ���ڽ��뱣��ģʽ�Ժ���Щ����ʵģʽ��Ԥ��ȡ�õ�ָ����Ϣ�ͱ�ò�����Ч����һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>解码。然而在进入保护模式以后那些属于实模式的预先取得的指令信息就变得不再有效。而一条</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�μ���תָ��ͻ�ˢ��<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>�ĵ�ǰָ����У���������Щ��Ч��Ϣ�����⣬��<span lang=EN-US>Intel</span>��˾���ֲ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>段间跳转指令就会刷新<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>的当前指令队列，即丢弃这些无效信息。另外，在<span lang=EN-US>Intel</span>公司的手册</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�Ͻ���<span lang=EN-US>80386</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>Ӧ��ʹ��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>��mov cr0,ax</span>���л�������ģʽ��<span
-lang=EN-US>lmsw</span>ָ������ڼ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>上建议<span lang=EN-US>80386</span>或以上<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>应该使用指令<span lang=EN-US>“mov cr0,ax</span>”切换到保护模式。<span
+lang=EN-US>lmsw</span>指令仅用于兼容以</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ǰ��<span lang=EN-US>286 CPU</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>前的<span lang=EN-US>286 CPU</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
@@ -8282,8 +8282,8 @@ lang=EN-US>lmsw</span>ָ������ڼ�����</p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L197"><span
 lang=EN-US>197</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,#0x0001&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !
-protected mode (PE) bit &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>����ģʽ����λ<span
-lang=EN-US>(PE)</span>��</p>
+protected mode (PE) bit &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>保护模式比特位<span
+lang=EN-US>(PE)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L198></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L198"><span
@@ -8291,39 +8291,39 @@ lang=EN-US>198</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 lmsw&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ! This is it!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>���������ػ���״̬��<span lang=EN-US>!</span></p>
+! </span>就这样加载机器状态字<span lang=EN-US>!</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L199></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L199"><span
 lang=EN-US>199</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmpi&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0,8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !
-jmp offset 0 of segment 8 (cs) ! </span>��ת��<span lang=EN-US>cs</span>��ƫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+jmp offset 0 of segment 8 (cs) ! </span>跳转至<span lang=EN-US>cs</span>段偏移<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����Ѿ���<span lang=EN-US>system</span>ģ���ƶ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x00000</span>��ʼ�ĵط��������Ͼ��е�ƫ�Ƶ�ַ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>�Ѿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>我们已经将<span lang=EN-US>system</span>模块移动到<span
+lang=EN-US>0x00000</span>开始的地方，所以上句中的偏移地址是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。而段值<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>已经</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�Ǳ���ģʽ�µĶ�ѡ����ˣ�����ѡ�����������������������Լ���Ҫ�����Ȩ������ѡ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>是保护模式下的段选择符了，用于选择描述符表和描述符表项以及所要求的特权级。段选择符长</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>16</span>λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽڣ���λ<span lang=EN-US>0-1</span>��ʾ�������Ȩ��<span lang=EN-US>0--3</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>����ϵͳֻ�õ�������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>度为<span lang=EN-US>16</span>位（<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>字节）；位<span lang=EN-US>0-1</span>表示请求的特权级<span lang=EN-US>0--3</span>，但<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>操作系统只用到两级：<span lang=EN-US>0</span>级（内</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�˼�����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>�����û�������λ<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>����ѡ��ȫ������������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����Ǿֲ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>(1)</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>3-15</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>核级）和<span lang=EN-US>3</span>级（用户级）；位<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>用于选择全局描述符表（<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）还是局部描述符表<span
+lang=EN-US>(1)</span>；位<span lang=EN-US>3-15</span>是描</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���������������ָ��ѡ��ڼ��������������Զ�ѡ���<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0b0000,0000,0000,1000</span>����ʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>述符表项的索引，指出选择第几项描述符。所以段选择符<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0b0000,0000,0000,1000</span>）表示请求</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��Ȩ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʹ��ȫ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>GDT</span>�е�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���������������ָ������Ļ���ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���μ�<span lang=EN-US>571</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>特权级<span lang=EN-US>0</span>、使用全局描述符表<span
+lang=EN-US>GDT</span>中第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个段描述符项，该项指出代码的基地址是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>（参见<span lang=EN-US>571</span>行），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����������תָ��ͻ�ȥִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>system</span>�еĴ��롣���⣬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>因此这里的跳转指令就会去执行<span
+lang=EN-US>system</span>中的代码。另外，</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L200></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L200"><span
@@ -8344,16 +8344,16 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L203"><span
 lang=EN-US>203</span></a><span lang=EN-US> ! the machine, and we probably
 couldn't proceed anyway.</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��������ӳ����������������Ƿ�Ϊ�ա����ﲻʹ�ó�ʱ����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>下面这个子程序检查键盘命令队列是否为空。这里不使用超时方法<span
 lang=EN-US> - </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���������������˵��<span
-lang=EN-US>PC</span>�������⣬���Ǿ�û�а취�ٴ�����ȥ�ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>如果这里死机，则说明<span
+lang=EN-US>PC</span>机有问题，我们就没有办法再处理下去了。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ֻ�е����뻺����Ϊ��ʱ�����̿�����״̬�Ĵ���λ<span
-lang=EN-US>1 = 0</span>���ſ��Զ���ִ��д���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>只有当输入缓冲器为空时（键盘控制器状态寄存器位<span
+lang=EN-US>1 = 0</span>）才可以对其执行写命令。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L204></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L204"><span
@@ -8369,14 +8369,14 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L206"><span
 lang=EN-US>206</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 in&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 al,#0x64&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 8042 status port&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>AT</span>���̿�����״̬�Ĵ�����</p>
+! </span>读<span lang=EN-US>AT</span>键盘控制器状态寄存器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L207></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L207"><span
 lang=EN-US>207</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 test&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 al,#2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! is input
-buffer full?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����λ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����뻺��������</p>
+buffer full?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>测试位<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，输入缓冲器满？</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L208></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L208"><span
@@ -8408,28 +8408,28 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L213"><span
 lang=EN-US>213</span></a><span lang=EN-US> ! If one is found the resolution
 chosen is given by al,ah (rows,cols).</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����������ʶ��<span
-lang=EN-US>SVGA</span>��ʾ�������еĻ������ӳ�����ʶ���һ������û�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>下面是用于识别<span
+lang=EN-US>SVGA</span>显示卡（若有的话）的子程序。若识别出一块就向用户</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�ṩѡ��ֱ��ʵĻ��ᣬ���ѷֱ��ʷ���Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>al</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>���С��У��з��ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>提供选择分辨率的机会，并把分辨率放入寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>al</span>、<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>（行、列）中返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ע������<span lang=EN-US>215--566</span>�д���ǣ�浽�ڶ���ʾ���˿���Ϣ����˱Ƚϸ��ӡ���������δ������ں�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>注意下面<span lang=EN-US>215--566</span>行代码牵涉到众多显示卡端口信息，因此比较复杂。但由于这段代码与内核</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���й�ϵ������˿�������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>运行关系不大，因此可以跳过不看。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����������ʾ<span lang=EN-US>588</span>���ϵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>msg1</span>�ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>&quot;</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&lt;</span>�س���<span
-lang=EN-US>&gt;</span>�鿴���ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>SVGA</span>ģʽ�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>下面首先显示<span lang=EN-US>588</span>行上的<span
+lang=EN-US>msg1</span>字符串（<span lang=EN-US>&quot;</span>按<span lang=EN-US>&lt;</span>回车键<span
+lang=EN-US>&gt;</span>查看存在的<span lang=EN-US>SVGA</span>模式，或按任意键继续<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;</span>），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>Ȼ��ѭ����ȡ���̿�����������������ȴ��û�����������û����»س�����ȥ���ϵͳ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>然后循环读取键盘控制器输出缓冲器，等待用户按键。如果用户按下回车键就去检查系统具有</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>SVGA</span>ģʽ������<span
-lang=EN-US>AL</span>��<span lang=EN-US>AH</span>�з����������ֵ����������Ĭ��ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>AL=25</span>�С�<span lang=EN-US>AH=80</span>�в����ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>的<span lang=EN-US>SVGA</span>模式，并在<span
+lang=EN-US>AL</span>和<span lang=EN-US>AH</span>中返回最大行列值，否则设置默认值<span
+lang=EN-US>AL=25</span>行、<span lang=EN-US>AH=80</span>列并返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L214></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L214"><span
@@ -8443,14 +8443,14 @@ lang=EN-US>215</span></a><span lang=EN-US> chsvga: cld</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L216"><span
 lang=EN-US>216</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 push&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ds&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>����<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>ֵ������<span lang=EN-US>231</span>�У���<span
-lang=EN-US>490</span>��<span lang=EN-US>492</span>�У�������</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>保存<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>值。将在<span lang=EN-US>231</span>行（或<span
+lang=EN-US>490</span>或<span lang=EN-US>492</span>行）弹出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L217></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L217"><span
 lang=EN-US>217</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 push&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��Ĭ�����ݶ����óɺʹ����ͬһ���Ρ�</p>
+! </span>把默认数据段设置成和代码段同一个段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L218></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L218"><span
@@ -8466,44 +8466,44 @@ mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,#0xc000</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L220"><span
 lang=EN-US>220</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; es,ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! es </span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>0xc000</span>�Ρ��˴���<span lang=EN-US>VGA</span>���ϵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span>����</p>
+! es </span>指向<span lang=EN-US>0xc000</span>段。此处是<span lang=EN-US>VGA</span>卡上的<span
+lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span>区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L221></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L221"><span
 lang=EN-US>221</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,msg1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! ds:si</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>msg1</span>�ַ�����</p>
+! ds:si</span>指向<span lang=EN-US>msg1</span>字符串。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L222></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L222"><span
 lang=EN-US>222</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; prtstr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��β��<span lang=EN-US>msg1</span>�ַ�����</p>
+! </span>显示以<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>结尾的<span lang=EN-US>msg1</span>字符串。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L223></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L223"><span
 lang=EN-US>223</span></a><span lang=EN-US> nokey:&nbsp;
 in&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x60&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ȡ���̿�������������������Լ��̵�ɨ����������</p>
+! </span>读取键盘控制器输出缓冲器（来自键盘的扫描码或命令）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L224></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L224"><span
 lang=EN-US>224</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x82&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����յ���<span lang=EN-US>0x82</span>С��ɨ�������ǽ�ͨɨ���룬��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0x82</span>��</p>
+! </span>如果收到比<span lang=EN-US>0x82</span>小的扫描码则是接通扫描码，因为<span lang=EN-US>0x82</span>是</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L225></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L225"><span
 lang=EN-US>225</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jb&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nokey&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��С�Ͽ�ɨ����ֵ��С��<span lang=EN-US>0x82</span>��ʾ��û�а����ɿ���</p>
+! </span>最小断开扫描码值。小于<span lang=EN-US>0x82</span>表示还没有按键松开。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L226></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L226"><span
 lang=EN-US>226</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0xe0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>���ɨ�������<span lang=EN-US>0xe0</span>����ʾ�յ�������չɨ����ǰ׺��</p>
+! </span>如果扫描码大于<span lang=EN-US>0xe0</span>，表示收到的是扩展扫描码前缀。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L227></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L227"><span
@@ -8514,19 +8514,19 @@ ja&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nokey</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L228"><span
 lang=EN-US>228</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x9c&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����Ͽ�ɨ������<span lang=EN-US>0x9c</span>����ʾ�û�����<span lang=EN-US>/</span>�ɿ��˻س�����</p>
+! </span>如果断开扫描码是<span lang=EN-US>0x9c</span>，表示用户按下<span lang=EN-US>/</span>松开了回车键，</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L229></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L229"><span
 lang=EN-US>229</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 je&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; svga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>���ǳ�����תȥ���ϵͳ�Ƿ����<span lang=EN-US>SVGA</span>ģʽ��</p>
+! </span>于是程序跳转去检查系统是否具有<span lang=EN-US>SVGA</span>模式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L230></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L230"><span
 lang=EN-US>230</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,#0x5019&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>AX</span>�з�������ֵĬ������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>AL=25</span>�С�<span lang=EN-US>AH=80</span>�С�</p>
+mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,#0x5019&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>否则把<span
+lang=EN-US>AX</span>中返回行列值默认设置为<span lang=EN-US>AL=25</span>行、<span lang=EN-US>AH=80</span>列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L231></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L231"><span
@@ -8538,52 +8538,52 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L232"><span
 lang=EN-US>232</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ret</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>VGA</span>��ʾ���ϵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span>ָ��λ�ô����������ݴ�����֧�ֵ��ر������жϻ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>下面根据<span lang=EN-US>VGA</span>显示卡上的<span
+lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span>指定位置处的特征数据串或者支持的特别功能来判断机器上</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��װ����ʲô���ӵ���ʾ����������֧��<span
-lang=EN-US>10</span>����ʾ������չ���ܡ�ע�⣬��ʱ�����Ѿ��ڵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>安装的是什么牌子的显示卡。本程序共支持<span
+lang=EN-US>10</span>种显示卡的扩展功能。注意，此时程序已经在第</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 220</span>�а�<span lang=EN-US>es</span>ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>VGA</span>����<span lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span>���ڵĶ�<span lang=EN-US>0xc000</span>���μ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�£���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 220</span>行把<span lang=EN-US>es</span>指向<span
+lang=EN-US>VGA</span>卡上<span lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span>所在的段<span lang=EN-US>0xc000</span>（参见第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>章）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����ж��ǲ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ATI</span>��ʾ�������ǰ� <span lang=EN-US>ds:si</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>595</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>ATI</span>��ʾ���������ݴ�������<span lang=EN-US>es:si</span>ָ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>首先判断是不是<span
+lang=EN-US>ATI</span>显示卡。我们把 <span lang=EN-US>ds:si</span>指向<span lang=EN-US>595</span>行上<span
+lang=EN-US>ATI</span>显示卡特征数据串，并把<span lang=EN-US>es:si</span>指</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>VGA
-BIOS</span>��ָ��λ�ã�ƫ��<span lang=EN-US>0x31</span>��������Ϊ������������<span lang=EN-US>9</span>���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;761295520&quot;</span>���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>向<span lang=EN-US>VGA
+BIOS</span>中指定位置（偏移<span lang=EN-US>0x31</span>）处。因为该特征串共有<span lang=EN-US>9</span>个字符（<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;761295520&quot;</span>），因此我</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ѭ���Ƚ�����������������ͬ���ʾ�����е�<span
-lang=EN-US>VGA</span>����<span lang=EN-US>ATI</span>���ӵģ�������<span lang=EN-US>ds:si</span>ָ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>们循环比较这个特征串。如果相同则表示机器中的<span
+lang=EN-US>VGA</span>卡是<span lang=EN-US>ATI</span>牌子的，于是让<span lang=EN-US>ds:si</span>指向该显</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ʾ���������õ�����ģʽֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>dscati</span>����<span lang=EN-US>615</span>�У�����<span lang=EN-US>di</span>ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ATI</span>�������õ����и�����ģʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>示卡可以设置的行列模式值<span
+lang=EN-US>dscati</span>（第<span lang=EN-US>615</span>行），让<span lang=EN-US>di</span>指向<span
+lang=EN-US>ATI</span>卡可设置的行列个数和模式，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����ת�����<span lang=EN-US>selmod</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>438</span>�У�����һ���������á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>并跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>selmod</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>438</span>行）处进一步进行设置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L233></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L233"><span
 lang=EN-US>233</span></a><span lang=EN-US> svga:&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 si,idati&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! Check ATI 'clues'&nbsp;
-! </span>����ж�<span lang=EN-US> ATI</span>��ʾ�������ݡ�</p>
+! </span>检查判断<span lang=EN-US> ATI</span>显示卡的数据。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L234></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L234"><span
 lang=EN-US>234</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,#0x31&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>0xc000:0x0031</span>��ʼ��</p>
+! </span>特征串从<span lang=EN-US>0xc000:0x0031</span>开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L235></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L235"><span
 lang=EN-US>235</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,#0x09&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>9</span>���ֽڡ�</p>
+! </span>特征串有<span lang=EN-US>9</span>个字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L236></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L236"><span
@@ -8599,26 +8599,26 @@ cmpsb</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L238"><span
 lang=EN-US>238</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; noati&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;! </span>����������ͬ���ʾ����<span lang=EN-US>ATI</span>��ʾ������ת������⿨��</p>
+&nbsp;! </span>若特征串不同则表示不是<span lang=EN-US>ATI</span>显示卡。跳转继续检测卡。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L239></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L239"><span
 lang=EN-US>239</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,dscati&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>���<span lang=EN-US>9</span>���ֽڶ���ͬ����ʾϵͳ����һ��<span lang=EN-US>ATI</span>����ʾ����</p>
+! </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>9</span>个字节都相同，表示系统中有一块<span lang=EN-US>ATI</span>牌显示卡。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L240></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L240"><span
 lang=EN-US>240</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,moati&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����<span lang=EN-US>si</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>ATI</span>�����еĿ�ѡ����ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>di</span>ָ���ѡ����</p>
+! </span>于是<span lang=EN-US>si</span>指向<span lang=EN-US>ATI</span>卡具有的可选行列值，<span
+lang=EN-US>di</span>指向可选个数</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L241></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L241"><span
 lang=EN-US>241</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,selmod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ģʽ�б���Ȼ����ת��<span lang=EN-US>selmod</span>��<span lang=EN-US>438</span>�У�������������</p>
+! </span>和模式列表，然后跳转到<span lang=EN-US>selmod</span>（<span lang=EN-US>438</span>行）处继续处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L242></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L242"><span
@@ -8627,21 +8627,21 @@ lang=EN-US>242</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�������ж��ǲ���<span
-lang=EN-US>Ahead</span>���ӵ���ʾ����������<span lang=EN-US>EGA/VGA </span>ͼ�������Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x3ce</span>д������ʵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>现在来判断是不是<span
+lang=EN-US>Ahead</span>牌子的显示卡。首先向<span lang=EN-US>EGA/VGA </span>图形索引寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>0x3ce</span>写入想访问的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�������Ĵ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>0x0f</span>��ͬʱ��<span lang=EN-US>0x3cf</span>�˿ڣ���ʱ��Ӧ�������Ĵ�����д�뿪����չ�Ĵ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>主允许寄存器索引号<span
+lang=EN-US>0x0f</span>，同时向<span lang=EN-US>0x3cf</span>端口（此时对应主允许寄存器）写入开启扩展寄存器</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��־ֵ<span lang=EN-US>0x20</span>��Ȼ��ͨ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x3cf</span>�˿ڶ�ȡ�������Ĵ���ֵ���Լ���Ƿ�������ÿ�����չ�Ĵ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>标志值<span lang=EN-US>0x20</span>。然后通过<span
+lang=EN-US>0x3cf</span>端口读取主允许寄存器值，以检查是否可以设置开启扩展寄存器</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��־�����������˵����<span
-lang=EN-US>Ahead</span>���ӵ���ʾ����ע��<span lang=EN-US>word</span>���ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>al</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span>�˿�<span
-lang=EN-US>n</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ah</span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span>�˿�<span lang=EN-US>n+1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>标志。如果可以则说明是<span
+lang=EN-US>Ahead</span>牌子的显示卡。注意<span lang=EN-US>word</span>输出时<span
+lang=EN-US>al</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span>端口<span
+lang=EN-US>n</span>，<span lang=EN-US>ah</span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span>端口<span lang=EN-US>n+1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L243></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L243"><span
@@ -8653,21 +8653,21 @@ Check Ahead 'clues'</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L244"><span
 lang=EN-US>244</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,#0x3ce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>���ݶ˿�ָ���������Ĵ�����<span lang=EN-US>0x0f</span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x3ce</span>�˿ڣ���</p>
+! </span>数据端口指向主允许寄存器（<span lang=EN-US>0x0f</span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>0x3ce</span>端口），</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L245></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L245"><span
 lang=EN-US>245</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,ax &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span>�����ÿ�����չ�Ĵ�����־��<span lang=EN-US>0x20</span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x3cf</span>�˿ڣ���</p>
+</span>并设置开启扩展寄存器标志（<span lang=EN-US>0x20</span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>0x3cf</span>端口）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L246></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L246"><span
 lang=EN-US>246</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span>Ȼ���ٶ�ȡ�üĴ��������ñ�־�Ƿ������ϡ�</p>
+</span>然后再读取该寄存器，检查该标志是否被设置上。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L247></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L247"><span
@@ -8678,19 +8678,19 @@ in&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,dx</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L248"><span
 lang=EN-US>248</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span>�����ȡֵ��<span lang=EN-US>0x20</span>�����ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>Ahead A</span>��ʾ����</p>
+</span>如果读取值是<span lang=EN-US>0x20</span>，则表示是<span lang=EN-US>Ahead A</span>显示卡。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L249></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L249"><span
 lang=EN-US>249</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 je&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; isahed&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�����ȡֵ��<span lang=EN-US>0x21</span>�����ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>Ahead B</span>��ʾ����</p>
+! </span>如果读取值是<span lang=EN-US>0x21</span>，则表示是<span lang=EN-US>Ahead B</span>显示卡。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L250></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L250"><span
 lang=EN-US>250</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x21&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����˵������<span lang=EN-US>Ahead</span>��ʾ����������ת����������࿨��</p>
+! </span>否则说明不是<span lang=EN-US>Ahead</span>显示卡，于是跳转继续检测其余卡。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L251></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L251"><span
@@ -8700,20 +8700,20 @@ jne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; noahed</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L252></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L252"><span
 lang=EN-US>252</span></a><span lang=EN-US> isahed: lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-si,dscahead&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! si </span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>Ahead</span>��ʾ����ѡ����ֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>di</span>ָ����չģʽ��</p>
+si,dscahead&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! si </span>指向<span lang=EN-US>Ahead</span>显示卡可选行列值表，<span
+lang=EN-US>di</span>指向扩展模式个</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L253></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L253"><span
 lang=EN-US>253</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,moahead&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>������չģʽ���б���Ȼ����ת��<span
-lang=EN-US>selmod</span>��<span lang=EN-US>438</span>�У�����</p>
+lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,moahead&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>数和扩展模式号列表。然后跳转到<span
+lang=EN-US>selmod</span>（<span lang=EN-US>438</span>行）处继</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L254></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L254"><span
 lang=EN-US>254</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,selmod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��������</p>
+! </span>续处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L255></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L255"><span
@@ -8722,15 +8722,15 @@ jmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����������ǲ���<span
-lang=EN-US>Chips &amp; Tech</span>��������ʾ����ͨ���˿�<span lang=EN-US>0x3c3</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x94</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x46e8</span>������<span lang=EN-US>VGA</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>现在来检查是不是<span
+lang=EN-US>Chips &amp; Tech</span>生产的显示卡。通过端口<span lang=EN-US>0x3c3</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>0x94</span>或<span lang=EN-US>0x46e8</span>）设置<span lang=EN-US>VGA</span>允许</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�Ĵ����Ľ�������ģʽ��־��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>����Ȼ��Ӷ˿�<span lang=EN-US>0x104</span>��ȡ��ʾ��оƬ����ʶֵ������ñ�ʶֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>寄存器的进入设置模式标志（位<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>），然后从端口<span lang=EN-US>0x104</span>读取显示卡芯片集标识值。如果该标识值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>0xA5</span>����˵����<span
-lang=EN-US>Chips &amp; Tech</span>��������ʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>是<span lang=EN-US>0xA5</span>，则说明是<span
+lang=EN-US>Chips &amp; Tech</span>生产的显示卡。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L256></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L256"><span
@@ -8742,13 +8742,13 @@ dx,#0x3c3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! Check Chips &amp; Tech.
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L257"><span
 lang=EN-US>257</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 in&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x3c3</span>�˿ڶ�ȡ<span lang=EN-US>VGA</span>�����Ĵ���ֵ�������Ͻ�������ģʽ</p>
+! </span>从<span lang=EN-US>0x3c3</span>端口读取<span lang=EN-US>VGA</span>允许寄存器值，添加上进入设置模式</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L258></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L258"><span
 lang=EN-US>258</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 or&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��־��λ<span lang=EN-US>4</span>������д�ء�</p>
+! </span>标志（位<span lang=EN-US>4</span>）后再写回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L259></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L259"><span
@@ -8759,12 +8759,12 @@ out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,al</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L260"><span
 lang=EN-US>260</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,#0x104&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>������ģʽʱ��ȫ�ֱ�ʶ�˿�<span lang=EN-US>0x104</span>��ȡ��ʾ��оƬ��ʶֵ��</p>
+! </span>在设置模式时从全局标识端口<span lang=EN-US>0x104</span>读取显示卡芯片标识值，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L261">261</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 in&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����ʱ�����<span lang=EN-US>bl</span>�Ĵ����С�</p>
+! </span>并暂时存放在<span lang=EN-US>bl</span>寄存器中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L262">262</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -8773,7 +8773,7 @@ mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bl,al</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L263">263</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,#0x3c3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>Ȼ���<span lang=EN-US>0x3c3</span>�˿��еĽ�������ģʽ��־��λ��</p>
+! </span>然后把<span lang=EN-US>0x3c3</span>端口中的进入设置模式标志复位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L264">264</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -8789,29 +8789,29 @@ out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,al</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L267">267</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bl,[idcandt]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�ٰ�<span
-lang=EN-US>bl</span>�б�ʶֵ��λ��<span lang=EN-US>idcandt</span>������<span lang=EN-US>596</span>�У���<span
+cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bl,[idcandt]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>再把<span
+lang=EN-US>bl</span>中标识值与位于<span lang=EN-US>idcandt</span>处（第<span lang=EN-US>596</span>行）的<span
 lang=EN-US>Chips &amp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L268">268</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nocant&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! Tech</span>�ı�ʶֵ<span lang=EN-US>0xA5</span>���Ƚϡ������ͬ����ת�Ƚ���һ���Կ���</p>
+! Tech</span>的标识值<span lang=EN-US>0xA5</span>作比较。如果不同则跳转比较下一种显卡。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L269">269</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,dsccandt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>si</span>ָ��������ʾ���Ŀ�ѡ����ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>di</span>ָ����չģʽ����</p>
+lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,dsccandt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>让<span
+lang=EN-US>si</span>指向这种显示卡的可选行列值表，<span lang=EN-US>di</span>指向扩展模式个数</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L270">270</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,mocandt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����չģʽ���б���Ȼ����ת��<span
-lang=EN-US>selmod</span>��<span lang=EN-US>438</span>�У���������</p>
+lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,mocandt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>和扩展模式号列表。然后跳转到<span
+lang=EN-US>selmod</span>（<span lang=EN-US>438</span>行）进行设置</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L271">271</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,selmod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ʾģʽ�Ĳ�����</p>
+! </span>显示模式的操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L272">272</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -8819,29 +8819,29 @@ jmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ڼ���ǲ���<span
-lang=EN-US>Cirrus</span>��ʾ����������ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>CRT</span>������������<span
-lang=EN-US>0x1f</span>�Ĵ��������������Խ�ֹ��չ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>现在检查是不是<span
+lang=EN-US>Cirrus</span>显示卡。方法是使用<span lang=EN-US>CRT</span>控制器索引号<span
+lang=EN-US>0x1f</span>寄存器的内容来尝试禁止扩展</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ܡ��üĴ�������Ϊӥ�꣨<span
-lang=EN-US>Eagle ID</span>���Ĵ���������ֵ�ߵͰ��ֽڽ���һ�º�д��˿�<span lang=EN-US>0x3c4</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>功能。该寄存器被称为鹰标（<span
+lang=EN-US>Eagle ID</span>）寄存器，将其值高低半字节交换一下后写入端口<span lang=EN-US>0x3c4</span>索</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����<span lang=EN-US>6</span>�ţ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>��չ���Ĵ���Ӧ�û��ֹ<span lang=EN-US>Cirrus</span>��ʾ������չ���ܡ����������˵������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>引的<span lang=EN-US>6</span>号（定序<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>扩展）寄存器应该会禁止<span lang=EN-US>Cirrus</span>显示卡的扩展功能。如果不会则说明不是<span
 lang=EN-US>Cirrus</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ʾ������Ϊ�Ӷ˿�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x3d4</span>������<span lang=EN-US>0x1f</span>ӥ��Ĵ����ж�ȡ��������ӥ��ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x0c</span>�����Ŷ�Ӧ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>显示卡。因为从端口<span
+lang=EN-US>0x3d4</span>索引的<span lang=EN-US>0x1f</span>鹰标寄存器中读取的内容是鹰标值与<span
+lang=EN-US>0x0c</span>索引号对应的显</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����ʼ��ַ���ֽڼĴ�������������֮���ֵ������ڶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x1f</span>������֮ǰ������Ҫ�Ȱ��Դ���ʼ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>存起始地址高字节寄存器内容异或操作之后的值，因此在读<span
+lang=EN-US>0x1f</span>中内容之前我们需要先把显存起始</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ֽڼĴ������ݱ�������㣬���ڼ���ָ�֮�����⣬��û�н�������<span
-lang=EN-US>Eagle ID</span>ֵд��<span lang=EN-US>0x3c4</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>高字节寄存器内容保存后清零，并在检查后恢复之。另外，将没有交换过的<span
+lang=EN-US>Eagle ID</span>值写到<span lang=EN-US>0x3c4</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�˿�������<span lang=EN-US>6</span>�Ŷ���<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>��չ�Ĵ��������¿�����չ���ܡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>端口索引的<span lang=EN-US>6</span>号定序<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>扩展寄存器会重新开启扩展功能。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L273">273</a>
@@ -8851,22 +8851,22 @@ dx,#0x3d4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! Check Cirrus 'clues'</span
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L274">274</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x0c&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>������<span lang=EN-US>CRT</span>���ƼĴ����������Ĵ����˿�<span lang=EN-US>0x3d4</span>д��Ҫ����</p>
+! </span>首先向<span lang=EN-US>CRT</span>控制寄存器的索引寄存器端口<span lang=EN-US>0x3d4</span>写入要访问</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L275">275</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�ļĴ���������<span lang=EN-US>0x0c</span>����Ӧ�Դ���ʼ��ַ���ֽڼĴ�������</p>
+! </span>的寄存器索引号<span lang=EN-US>0x0c</span>（对应显存起始地址高字节寄存器），</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L276">276</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>Ȼ���<span lang=EN-US>0x3d5</span>�˿ڶ����Դ���ʼ��ַ���ֽڲ��ݴ���<span lang=EN-US>bl</span>�У�</p>
+! </span>然后从<span lang=EN-US>0x3d5</span>端口读入显存起始地址高字节并暂存在<span lang=EN-US>bl</span>中，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L277">277</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 in&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�ٰ��Դ���ʼ��ַ���ֽڼĴ������㡣</p>
+! </span>再把显存起始地址高字节寄存器清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L278">278</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -8883,13 +8883,13 @@ out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,al</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L281">281</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 dec&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>������<span lang=EN-US>0x3d4</span>�˿��������<span lang=EN-US>0x1f</span>��ָ������Ҫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x3d5</span>�˿�</p>
+! </span>接着向<span lang=EN-US>0x3d4</span>端口输出索引<span lang=EN-US>0x1f</span>，指出我们要在<span
+lang=EN-US>0x3d5</span>端口</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L282">282</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>���ʶ�ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>Eagle ID</span>���Ĵ������ݡ�</p>
+! </span>访问读取“<span lang=EN-US>Eagle ID</span>”寄存器内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L283">283</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -8902,20 +8902,20 @@ inc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L285">285</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 in&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x3d5</span>�˿ڶ�ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>Eagle ID</span>���Ĵ���ֵ�����ݴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>bh</span>�С�</p>
+! </span>从<span lang=EN-US>0x3d5</span>端口读取“<span lang=EN-US>Eagle ID</span>”寄存器值，并暂存在<span
+lang=EN-US>bh</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L286">286</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>Ȼ��Ѹ�ֵ�ߵ�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>���ػ���λ�ô�ŵ�<span lang=EN-US>cl</span>�С�������<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>λ</p>
+! </span>然后把该值高低<span lang=EN-US>4</span>比特互换位置存放到<span lang=EN-US>cl</span>中。再左移<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>位</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L287">287</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 xor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ah,ah&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>ch</span>�У���<span lang=EN-US>cl</span>�з�����ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>6</span>��</p>
+! </span>后放入<span lang=EN-US>ch</span>中，而<span lang=EN-US>cl</span>中放入数值<span
+lang=EN-US>6</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L288">288</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -8944,25 +8944,25 @@ shl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,#8</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L294">294</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 add&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,#6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����<span lang=EN-US>cx</span>ֵ�����<span lang=EN-US>ax</span>�С���ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>ah</span>���ǻ�λ��ġ�<span lang=EN-US>Eagle</span></p>
+! </span>最后把<span lang=EN-US>cx</span>值存放入<span lang=EN-US>ax</span>中。此时<span
+lang=EN-US>ah</span>中是换位后的“<span lang=EN-US>Eagle</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L295">295</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,cx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-ID</span>��ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>al</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>6</span>����Ӧ����<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>��չ�Ĵ�������<span lang=EN-US>ah</span></p>
+ID</span>”值，<span lang=EN-US>al</span>中是索引号<span lang=EN-US>6</span>，对应定序<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>扩展寄存器。把<span lang=EN-US>ah</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L296">296</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,#0x3c4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>д��<span lang=EN-US>0x3c4</span>�˿������Ķ���<span lang=EN-US>/</span>��չ�Ĵ���Ӧ�ûᵼ��<span
+! </span>写到<span lang=EN-US>0x3c4</span>端口索引的定序<span lang=EN-US>/</span>扩展寄存器应该会导致<span
 lang=EN-US>Cirrus</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L297">297</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ʾ����ֹ��չ���ܡ�</p>
+! </span>显示卡禁止扩展功能。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L298">298</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -8971,12 +8971,12 @@ inc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L299">299</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 in&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�����չ������ı���ֹ����ô��ʱ�����ֵӦ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+! </span>如果扩展功能真的被禁止，那么此时读入的值应该为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L300">300</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;and&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���ʾ����<span lang=EN-US>Cirrus</span>��ʾ������ת���������������</p>
+! </span>如果不为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>则表示不是<span lang=EN-US>Cirrus</span>显示卡，跳转继续检查其他卡。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L301">301</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -8985,18 +8985,18 @@ jnz&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nocirr</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L302">302</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,bh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>Cirrus</span>��ʾ���������õ�<span lang=EN-US>286</span>�б�����<span
-lang=EN-US>bh</span>�еġ�<span lang=EN-US>Eagle</span></p>
+! </span>是<span lang=EN-US>Cirrus</span>显示卡，则利用第<span lang=EN-US>286</span>行保存在<span
+lang=EN-US>bh</span>中的“<span lang=EN-US>Eagle</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L303">303</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! ID</span>��ԭֵ�����¿���<span lang=EN-US>Cirrus</span>����չ���ܡ���ʱ��ȡ�ķ���</p>
+! ID</span>”原值再重新开启<span lang=EN-US>Cirrus</span>卡扩展功能。此时读取的返回</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L304">304</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 in&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>ֵӦ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������ǣ�����Ȼ˵������<span lang=EN-US>Cirrus</span>��ʾ����</p>
+! </span>值应该为<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。若不是，则仍然说明不是<span lang=EN-US>Cirrus</span>显示卡。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L305">305</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9009,17 +9009,17 @@ jne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nocirr</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L307">307</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; rst3d4&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span>�ָ�<span lang=EN-US>CRT</span>����������ʾ��ʼ��ַ���ֽڼĴ������ݡ�</p>
+</span>恢复<span lang=EN-US>CRT</span>控制器的显示起始地址高字节寄存器内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L308">308</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,dsccirrus&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! si</span>ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>Cirrus</span>��ʾ���Ŀ�ѡ����ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>di</span>ָ����չģʽ����</p>
+lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,dsccirrus&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! si</span>指向<span
+lang=EN-US>Cirrus</span>显示卡的可选行列值，<span lang=EN-US>di</span>指向扩展模式个数</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L309">309</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,mocirrus&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�Ͷ�Ӧģʽ�š�Ȼ����ת��<span
-lang=EN-US>selmod</span>��ȥѡ����ʾģʽ��</p>
+lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,mocirrus&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>和对应模式号。然后跳转到<span
+lang=EN-US>selmod</span>处去选择显示模式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L310">310</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9029,8 +9029,8 @@ lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,selmod</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L311">311</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ӳ������ñ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>bl</span>�е�ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>278</span>�У��ָ�<span lang=EN-US>CRT</span>����������ʾ��ʼ��ַ���ֽڼĴ������ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>该子程序利用保存在<span
+lang=EN-US>bl</span>中的值（第<span lang=EN-US>278</span>行）恢复<span lang=EN-US>CRT</span>控制器的显示起始地址高字节寄存器内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L312">312</a>
@@ -9055,10 +9055,10 @@ add&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,#0x0c</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L317">317</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>ע�⣬����<span lang=EN-US>word</span>������� <span lang=EN-US>al </span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x3d4</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>ah </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>0x3d5</span>��</p>
+! </span>注意，这是<span lang=EN-US>word</span>输出！！ <span lang=EN-US>al </span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>0x3d4</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>ah </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US>0x3d5</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L318">318</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9066,37 +9066,37 @@ ret&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ڼ��ϵͳ���ǲ���<span
-lang=EN-US>Everex</span>��ʾ���������������ж�<span lang=EN-US>int 0x10</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>0x70</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ax =0x7000</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>现在检查系统中是不是<span
+lang=EN-US>Everex</span>显示卡。方法是利用中断<span lang=EN-US>int 0x10</span>功能<span
+lang=EN-US>0x70</span>（<span lang=EN-US>ax =0x7000</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! bx=0x0000</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>Everex</span>����չ��Ƶ<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>���ܡ�����<span lang=EN-US>Everes</span>������ʾ�������жϵ���Ӧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! bx=0x0000</span>）调用<span
+lang=EN-US>Everex</span>的扩展视频<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>功能。对于<span lang=EN-US>Everes</span>类型显示卡，该中断调用应该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�᷵��ģ��״̬���������·�����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>会返回模拟状态，即有以下返回信息：</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! al = 0x70</span>�����ǻ���<span
-lang=EN-US>Trident</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Everex</span>��ʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! al = 0x70</span>，若是基于<span
+lang=EN-US>Trident</span>的<span lang=EN-US>Everex</span>显示卡；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! cl = </span>��ʾ�����ͣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>00-</span>��ɫ��<span lang=EN-US>01-CGA</span>��<span lang=EN-US>02-EGA</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>03-</span>���ֶ�Ƶ��<span lang=EN-US>04-PS/2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>05-IBM
-8514</span>��<span lang=EN-US>06-SVGA</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! cl = </span>显示器类型：<span
+lang=EN-US>00-</span>单色；<span lang=EN-US>01-CGA</span>；<span lang=EN-US>02-EGA</span>；<span
+lang=EN-US>03-</span>数字多频；<span lang=EN-US>04-PS/2</span>；<span lang=EN-US>05-IBM
+8514</span>；<span lang=EN-US>06-SVGA</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! ch = </span>���ԣ�λ<span
-lang=EN-US>7-6</span>��<span lang=EN-US>00-256K</span>��<span lang=EN-US>01-512K</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>10-1MB</span>��<span lang=EN-US>11-2MB</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>4-</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>VGA</span>������λ<span lang=EN-US>0-6845</span>ģ�⡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! ch = </span>属性：位<span
+lang=EN-US>7-6</span>：<span lang=EN-US>00-256K</span>，<span lang=EN-US>01-512K</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>10-1MB</span>，<span lang=EN-US>11-2MB</span>；位<span lang=EN-US>4-</span>开启<span
+lang=EN-US>VGA</span>保护；位<span lang=EN-US>0-6845</span>模拟。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! dx = </span>�忨�ͺţ�λ<span
-lang=EN-US>15-4</span>�������ͱ�ʶ�ţ�λ<span lang=EN-US>3-0</span>����������ʶ�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! dx = </span>板卡型号：位<span
+lang=EN-US>15-4</span>：板类型标识号；位<span lang=EN-US>3-0</span>：板修正标识号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x2360-Ultragraphics II</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x6200-Vision VGA</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x6730-EVGA</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x6780-Viewpoint</span>��</p>
+0x2360-Ultragraphics II</span>；<span lang=EN-US>0x6200-Vision VGA</span>；<span
+lang=EN-US>0x6730-EVGA</span>；<span lang=EN-US>0x6780-Viewpoint</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! di = </span>��<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>���ʾ����Ƶ<span
-lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>�汾�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! di = </span>用<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>码表示的视频<span
+lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>版本号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L319">319</a>
@@ -9106,8 +9106,8 @@ Everex 'clues'</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L320">320</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,#0x7000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>ax = 0x7000, bx=0x0000</span>������<span lang=EN-US>int 0x10</span>��</p>
+mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,#0x7000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>设置<span
+lang=EN-US>ax = 0x7000, bx=0x0000</span>，调用<span lang=EN-US>int 0x10</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L321">321</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9120,8 +9120,8 @@ int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0x10</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L323">323</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x70&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����<span lang=EN-US>Everes</span>��ʾ����<span lang=EN-US>al</span>��Ӧ�÷���ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>0x70</span>��</p>
+! </span>对于<span lang=EN-US>Everes</span>显示卡，<span lang=EN-US>al</span>中应该返回值<span
+lang=EN-US>0x70</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L324">324</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9130,12 +9130,12 @@ jne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; noevrx</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L325">325</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 shr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,#4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>���ɰ������ţ�λ<span lang=EN-US>3-0</span>����</p>
+! </span>忽律板修正号（位<span lang=EN-US>3-0</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L326">326</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,#0x678&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�����ͺ���<span lang=EN-US>0x678</span>��ʾ��һ��<span lang=EN-US>Trident</span>��ʾ��������ת��</p>
+! </span>板类型号是<span lang=EN-US>0x678</span>表示是一块<span lang=EN-US>Trident</span>显示卡，则跳转。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L327">327</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9144,7 +9144,7 @@ je&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; istrid</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L328">328</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,#0x236&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�����ͺ���<span lang=EN-US>0x236</span>��ʾ��һ��<span lang=EN-US>Trident</span>��ʾ��������ת��</p>
+! </span>板类型号是<span lang=EN-US>0x236</span>表示是一块<span lang=EN-US>Trident</span>显示卡，则跳转。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L329">329</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9152,19 +9152,19 @@ je&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; istrid</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L330">330</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,dsceverex&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>si</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>Everex</span>��ʾ���Ŀ�ѡ����ֵ������<span
-lang=EN-US>di</span>ָ����չ</p>
+lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,dsceverex&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>让<span
+lang=EN-US>si</span>指向<span lang=EN-US>Everex</span>显示卡的可选行列值表，让<span
+lang=EN-US>di</span>指向扩展</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L331">331</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,moeverex&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ģʽ������ģʽ���б���Ȼ����ת��<span
-lang=EN-US>selmod</span>ȥִ��ѡ��</p>
+lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,moeverex&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>模式个数和模式号列表。然后跳转到<span
+lang=EN-US>selmod</span>去执行选择</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L332">332</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,selmod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ʾģʽ�Ĳ�����</p>
+! </span>显示模式的操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L333">333</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9173,8 +9173,8 @@ jmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L334">334</a>
 istrid: lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,ev2tri&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>Trident</span>���͵�<span lang=EN-US>Everex</span>��ʾ��������ת��<span
-lang=EN-US>ev2tri</span>������</p>
+! </span>是<span lang=EN-US>Trident</span>类型的<span lang=EN-US>Everex</span>显示卡，则跳转到<span
+lang=EN-US>ev2tri</span>处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L335">335</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9182,13 +9182,13 @@ jmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ڼ���ǲ���<span
-lang=EN-US>Genoa</span>��ʾ������ʽ�Ǽ������Ƶ<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>�е��������ִ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x77</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x00</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x66</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>现在检查是不是<span
+lang=EN-US>Genoa</span>显示卡。方式是检查其视频<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>中的特征数字串（<span
+lang=EN-US>0x77</span>、<span lang=EN-US>0x00</span>、<span lang=EN-US>0x66</span>、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x99</span>����ע�⣬��ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>es</span>�Ѿ��ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>220</span>�б����ó�ָ��<span lang=EN-US>VGA</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span>���ڵĶ�<span lang=EN-US>0xc000</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x99</span>）。注意，此时<span
+lang=EN-US>es</span>已经在第<span lang=EN-US>220</span>行被设置成指向<span lang=EN-US>VGA</span>卡上<span
+lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span>所在的段<span lang=EN-US>0xc000</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L336">336</a>
@@ -9198,7 +9198,7 @@ si,idgenoa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! Check Genoa 'clues'</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L337">337</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 xor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ds:si</span>ָ���<span lang=EN-US>597</span>���ϵ��������ִ���</p>
+! </span>让<span lang=EN-US>ds:si</span>指向第<span lang=EN-US>597</span>行上的特征数字串。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L338">338</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9207,13 +9207,13 @@ seg es</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L339">339</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,[0x37]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>VGA</span>����<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x37</span>����ָ�루��ָ������������</p>
+! </span>取<span lang=EN-US>VGA</span>卡上<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>中<span
+lang=EN-US>0x37</span>处的指针（它指向特征串）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L340">340</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��˴�ʱ<span lang=EN-US>es:di</span>ָ���������ִ���ʼ����</p>
+! </span>因此此时<span lang=EN-US>es:di</span>指向特征数字串开始处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L341">341</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9230,7 +9230,7 @@ dec&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L344">344</a>
 l1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>Ȼ��ѭ���Ƚ���<span lang=EN-US>4</span>���ֽڵ��������ִ���</p>
+! </span>然后循环比较这<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个字节的特征数字串。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L345">345</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9259,28 +9259,28 @@ loope&nbsp;&nbsp; l1</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L351">351</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,#0x00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����������ִ���ȫ��ͬ�����ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>Genoa</span>��ʾ����</p>
+! </span>如果特征数字串完全相同，则表示是<span lang=EN-US>Genoa</span>显示卡，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L352">352</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nogen&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>������תȥ����������͵���ʾ����</p>
+! </span>否则跳转去检查其他类型的显示卡。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L353">353</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,dscgenoa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>si</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>Genoa</span>��ʾ���Ŀ�ѡ����ֵ������<span
-lang=EN-US>di</span>ָ����չ</p>
+lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,dscgenoa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>让<span
+lang=EN-US>si</span>指向<span lang=EN-US>Genoa</span>显示卡的可选行列值表，让<span
+lang=EN-US>di</span>指向扩展</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L354">354</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,mogenoa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ģʽ������ģʽ���б���Ȼ����ת��<span
-lang=EN-US>selmod</span>ȥִ��ѡ��</p>
+lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,mogenoa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>模式个数和模式号列表。然后跳转到<span
+lang=EN-US>selmod</span>去执行选择</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L355">355</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,selmod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ʾģʽ�Ĳ�����</p>
+! </span>显示模式的操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L356">356</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9288,9 +9288,9 @@ jmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ڼ���ǲ���<span
-lang=EN-US>Paradise</span>��ʾ����ͬ���ǲ��ñȽ���ʾ����<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>������������<span
-lang=EN-US>VGA=</span>�����ķ�ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>现在检查是不是<span
+lang=EN-US>Paradise</span>显示卡。同样是采用比较显示卡上<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>中特征串（“<span
+lang=EN-US>VGA=</span>”）的方式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L357">357</a>
@@ -9300,12 +9300,12 @@ Check Paradise 'clues'</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L358">358</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,#0x7d&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! es:di</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>VGA ROM BIOS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0xc000:0x007d</span>�����ô�Ӧ����</p>
+! es:di</span>指向<span lang=EN-US>VGA ROM BIOS</span>的<span lang=EN-US>0xc000:0x007d</span>处，该处应该有</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L359">359</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,#0x04&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! 4</span>���ַ���<span lang=EN-US>VGA=</span>����</p>
+! 4</span>个字符“<span lang=EN-US>VGA=</span>”。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L360">360</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9318,23 +9318,23 @@ cmpsb</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L362">362</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nopara&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>���в�ͬ���ַ�����ʾ����<span lang=EN-US>Paradise</span>��ʾ����������ת��</p>
+! </span>若有不同的字符，表示不是<span lang=EN-US>Paradise</span>显示卡，于是跳转。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L363">363</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,dscparadise&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>si</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>Paradise</span>��ʾ���Ŀ�ѡ����ֵ������<span
-lang=EN-US>di</span>ָ</p>
+lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,dscparadise&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>否则让<span
+lang=EN-US>si</span>指向<span lang=EN-US>Paradise</span>显示卡的可选行列值表，让<span
+lang=EN-US>di</span>指</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L364">364</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,moparadise&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����չģʽ������ģʽ���б���Ȼ����ת��<span
-lang=EN-US>selmod</span>��ȥѡ</p>
+lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,moparadise&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>向扩展模式个数和模式号列表。然后跳转到<span
+lang=EN-US>selmod</span>处去选</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L365">365</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,selmod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;!
-</span>����Ҫʹ�õ���ʾģʽ��</p>
+</span>择想要使用的显示模式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L366">366</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9342,17 +9342,17 @@ jmp &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cx</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ڼ���ǲ���<span
-lang=EN-US>Trident</span>��<span lang=EN-US>TVGA</span>����ʾ����<span lang=EN-US>TVGA</span>��ʾ�������ģʽ���ƼĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x3c4</span>�˿�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>现在检查是不是<span
+lang=EN-US>Trident</span>（<span lang=EN-US>TVGA</span>）显示卡。<span lang=EN-US>TVGA</span>显示卡扩充的模式控制寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0x3c4</span>端口索引</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x0e</span>����λ<span
-lang=EN-US>3--0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>64K</span>�ڴ�ҳ�����ֵ������ֶ�ֵ��һ�����ԣ���д��ʱ��������Ҫ���Ȱ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>的<span lang=EN-US>0x0e</span>）的位<span
+lang=EN-US>3--0</span>是<span lang=EN-US>64K</span>内存页面个数值。这个字段值有一个特性：当写入时，我们需要首先把</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>0x02</span>��������������д�룻����ȡ��ֵʱ����Ҫִ���������������ǰ��ֵӦ����д</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>值与<span lang=EN-US>0x02</span>进行异或操作后再写入；当读取该值时则不需要执行异或操作，即异或前的值应该与写</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����ٶ�ȡ��ֵ��ͬ���������������������������ǲ���<span
-lang=EN-US>Trident</span>��ʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>入后再读取的值相同。下面代码就利用这个特性来检查是不是<span
+lang=EN-US>Trident</span>显示卡。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L367">367</a>
@@ -9362,13 +9362,13 @@ dx,#0x3c4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! Check Trident 'clues'</spa
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L368">368</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x0e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�����ڶ˿�<span lang=EN-US>0x3c4</span>���������<span lang=EN-US>0x0e</span>������ģʽ���ƼĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+! </span>首先在端口<span lang=EN-US>0x3c4</span>输出索引号<span lang=EN-US>0x0e</span>，索引模式控制寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L369">369</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>Ȼ���<span lang=EN-US>0x3c5</span>���ݶ˿ڶ���üĴ���ԭֵ�����ݴ���<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>�С�</p>
+! </span>然后从<span lang=EN-US>0x3c5</span>数据端口读入该寄存器原值，并暂存在<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L370">370</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9385,40 +9385,40 @@ xchg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ah,al</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L373">373</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>Ȼ��������üĴ���д��<span lang=EN-US>0x00</span>���ٶ�ȡ��ֵ<span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>��</p>
+! </span>然后我们向该寄存器写入<span lang=EN-US>0x00</span>，再读取其值<span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L374">374</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>д��<span lang=EN-US>0x00</span>���൱�ڡ�ԭֵ��<span lang=EN-US>0x02</span>���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x02</span>���д��ֵ��</p>
+! </span>写入<span lang=EN-US>0x00</span>就相当于“原值”<span lang=EN-US>0x02</span>异或<span
+lang=EN-US>0x02</span>后的写入值，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L375">375</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 in&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>Trident</span>��ʾ������˺�����ֵӦ����<span lang=EN-US>0x02</span>��</p>
+! </span>因此若是<span lang=EN-US>Trident</span>显示卡，则此后读入的值应该是<span lang=EN-US>0x02</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L376">376</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 xchg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,ah&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>������<span lang=EN-US>al=</span>ԭģʽ���ƼĴ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ah=</span>����ȡ��ֵ��</p>
+! </span>交换后，<span lang=EN-US>al=</span>原模式控制寄存器<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的值，<span
+lang=EN-US>ah=</span>最后读取的值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����������Ӣ��ע���ǡ������<span
-lang=EN-US>...</span>���в�û��Ҫ��������������������ҵ�<span lang=EN-US>Trident</span>��ʾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>下面语句右则英文注释是“真奇怪<span
+lang=EN-US>...</span>书中并没有要求这样操作，但是这对我的<span lang=EN-US>Trident</span>显示卡</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����á����������������Ļ�ͻ��ģ��<span
-lang=EN-US>...</span>�����⼸�и�����Ӣ��ע�͵����ִ�����²�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>起作用。如果不这样做，屏幕就会变模糊<span
+lang=EN-US>...</span>”。这几行附带有英文注释的语句执行如下操作：</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���<span lang=EN-US>bl</span>��ԭģʽ���ƼĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����λ״̬�Ļ��ͽ��临λ������ͽ�λ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>bl</span>中原模式控制寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>的位<span lang=EN-US>1</span>在置位状态的话就将其复位，否则就将位<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>置位。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ʵ�����⼸�������Ƕ�ԭģʽ���ƼĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��ִֵ�����<span lang=EN-US> 0x02</span>�Ĳ�����Ȼ���ý��ֵȥ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>实际上这几条语句就是对原模式控制寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>的值执行异或<span lang=EN-US> 0x02</span>的操作，然后用结果值去设置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ָ���ԭ�Ĵ���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>（恢复）原寄存器值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L377">377</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9458,12 +9458,12 @@ clrb2:&nbsp; out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,al</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L384">384</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 and&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ah,#0x0f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>375</span>��������ֵ��ҳ������ֶΣ�λ<span lang=EN-US>3--0</span>�������</p>
+! </span>取<span lang=EN-US>375</span>行最后读入值的页面个数字段（位<span lang=EN-US>3--0</span>），如果</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L385">385</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ah,#0x02&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>���ֶ�ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>0x02</span>�����ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>Trident</span>��ʾ����</p>
+! </span>该字段值等于<span lang=EN-US>0x02</span>，则表示是<span lang=EN-US>Trident</span>显示卡。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L386">386</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9471,18 +9471,18 @@ jne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; notrid</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L387">387</a>
-ev2tri: lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,dsctrident&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>Trident</span>��ʾ����������<span lang=EN-US>si</span>ָ�����ʾ���Ŀ�ѡ����</p>
+ev2tri: lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,dsctrident&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>Trident</span>显示卡，于是让<span lang=EN-US>si</span>指向该显示卡的可选行列</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L388">388</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,motrident&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ֵ�б�����<span
-lang=EN-US>di</span>ָ���Ӧ��չģʽ������ģʽ���б���Ȼ</p>
+lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,motrident&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>值列表，让<span
+lang=EN-US>di</span>指向对应扩展模式个数和模式号列表，然</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L389">389</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,selmod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����ת��<span lang=EN-US>selmod</span>ȥִ��ģʽѡ�������</p>
+! </span>后跳转到<span lang=EN-US>selmod</span>去执行模式选择操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L390">390</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9490,22 +9490,22 @@ jmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ڼ���ǲ���<span
-lang=EN-US>Tseng</span>��ʾ����<span lang=EN-US>ET4000AX</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ET4000/W32</span>�ࣩ�������Ƕ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x3cd</span>�˿ڶ�Ӧ�Ķ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>现在检查是不是<span
+lang=EN-US>Tseng</span>显示卡（<span lang=EN-US>ET4000AX</span>或<span lang=EN-US>ET4000/W32</span>类）。方法是对<span
+lang=EN-US>0x3cd</span>端口对应的段</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ѡ��<span lang=EN-US>Segment
-Select</span>���Ĵ���ִ�ж�д�������üĴ�����<span lang=EN-US>4</span>λ��λ<span lang=EN-US>7--4</span>����Ҫ���ж�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>选择（<span lang=EN-US>Segment
+Select</span>）寄存器执行读写操作。该寄存器高<span lang=EN-US>4</span>位（位<span lang=EN-US>7--4</span>）是要进行读操作的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 64KB</span>�κţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>Bank number</span>������<span lang=EN-US>4</span>λ��λ<span lang=EN-US>3--0</span>����ָ��Ҫд�Ķκš����ָ����ѡ��Ĵ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 64KB</span>段号（<span
+lang=EN-US>Bank number</span>），低<span lang=EN-US>4</span>位（位<span lang=EN-US>3--0</span>）是指定要写的段号。如果指定段选择寄存器的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>
-0x55</span>����ʾ����д��<span lang=EN-US>6</span>��<span lang=EN-US>64KB</span>�Σ�����ô����<span
-lang=EN-US>Tseng</span>��ʾ����˵���Ѹ�ֵд��Ĵ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>的值是<span lang=EN-US>
+0x55</span>（表示读、写第<span lang=EN-US>6</span>个<span lang=EN-US>64KB</span>段），那么对于<span
+lang=EN-US>Tseng</span>显示卡来说，把该值写入寄存器</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ٶ���Ӧ�û���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x55</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>后再读出应该还是<span
+lang=EN-US>0x55</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L391">391</a>
@@ -9521,12 +9521,12 @@ things be this simple ! :-)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L393">393</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bl,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�ȴ�<span lang=EN-US>0x3cd</span>�˿ڶ�ȡ��ѡ��Ĵ���ԭֵ����������<span lang=EN-US>bl</span>�С�</p>
+! </span>先从<span lang=EN-US>0x3cd</span>端口读取段选择寄存器原值，并保存在<span lang=EN-US>bl</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L394">394</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x55&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>Ȼ��������üĴ�����д��<span lang=EN-US>0x55</span>���ٶ��벢����<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>�С�</p>
+! </span>然后我们向该寄存器中写入<span lang=EN-US>0x55</span>。再读入并放在<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L395">395</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9543,7 +9543,7 @@ mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ah,al</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L398">398</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,bl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>���Żָ��üĴ�����ԭֵ��</p>
+! </span>接着恢复该寄存器的原值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L399">399</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9552,7 +9552,7 @@ out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,al</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L400">400</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ah,#0x55&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�����ȡ�ľ�������д���ֵ���������<span lang=EN-US>Tseng</span>��ʾ����</p>
+! </span>如果读取的就是我们写入的值，则表明是<span lang=EN-US>Tseng</span>显示卡。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L401">401</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -9560,19 +9560,19 @@ jne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; notsen</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L402">402</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,dsctseng&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>si</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>Tseng</span>��ʾ���Ŀ�ѡ����ֵ���б�����<span
+lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,dsctseng&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>于是让<span
+lang=EN-US>si</span>指向<span lang=EN-US>Tseng</span>显示卡的可选行列值的列表，让<span
 lang=EN-US>di</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L403">403</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,motseng&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ָ���Ӧ��չģʽ������ģʽ���б���Ȼ����ת��<span
+lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,motseng&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>指向对应扩展模式个数和模式号列表，然后跳转到<span
 lang=EN-US>selmod</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L404">404</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;cx,selmod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>ȥִ��ģʽѡ�������</p>
+! </span>去执行模式选择操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L405></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L405"><span
@@ -9581,29 +9581,29 @@ jmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�������ǲ���<span
-lang=EN-US>Video7</span>��ʾ�����˿�<span lang=EN-US>0x3c2</span>�ǻ������Ĵ���д�˿ڣ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x3cc</span>�ǻ������Ĵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>下面检查是不是<span
+lang=EN-US>Video7</span>显示卡。端口<span lang=EN-US>0x3c2</span>是混合输出寄存器写端口，而<span
+lang=EN-US>0x3cc</span>是混合输出寄存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����˿ڡ��üĴ�����λ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�ǵ�ɫ<span lang=EN-US>/</span>��ɫ��־�����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���ʾ�ǵ�ɫ�������ǲ�ɫ���ж��ǲ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>器读端口。该寄存器的位<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>是单色<span lang=EN-US>/</span>彩色标志。如果为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>则表示是单色，否则是彩色。判断是不是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! Video7</span>��ʾ���ķ�ʽ������������ʾ����<span
-lang=EN-US>CRT</span>������չ��ʶ�Ĵ�������������<span lang=EN-US>0x1f</span>�����üĴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! Video7</span>显示卡的方式是利用这种显示卡的<span
+lang=EN-US>CRT</span>控制扩展标识寄存器（索引号是<span lang=EN-US>0x1f</span>）。该寄存器</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ֵʵ���Ͼ����Դ���ʼ��ַ���ֽڼĴ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>0x0c</span>�������ݺ�<span lang=EN-US>0xea</span>�������������ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>的值实际上就是显存起始地址高字节寄存器（索引号<span
+lang=EN-US>0x0c</span>）的内容和<span lang=EN-US>0xea</span>进行异或操作后的值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�������ֻҪ���Դ���ʼ��ַ���ֽڼĴ�����д��һ���ض�ֵ��Ȼ��ӱ�ʶ�Ĵ����ж�ȡ��ʶֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>因此我们只要向显存起始地址高字节寄存器中写入一个特定值，然后从标识寄存器中读取标识值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����жϼ��ɡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>进行判断即可。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ͨ����������ʾ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>Video7</span>��ʾ���ļ����������ǿ�֪������ͨ����Ϊ�����������衣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>通过对以上显示卡和这里<span
+lang=EN-US>Video7</span>显示卡的检查分析，我们可知检查过程通常分为三个基本步骤。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ȶ�ȡ�����������Ҫ�õ��ļĴ���ԭֵ��Ȼ��ʹ���ض�����ֵ����д��Ͷ�������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>首先读取并保存测试需要用到的寄存器原值，然后使用特定测试值进行写入和读出操作，最后恢</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ԭ�Ĵ���ֵ���Լ���������жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>复原寄存器值并对检查结果作出判断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L406></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L406"><span
@@ -9619,21 +9619,21 @@ lang=EN-US>407</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L408"><span
 lang=EN-US>408</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,#0x3b4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;!
-</span>������<span lang=EN-US>dx</span>Ϊ��ɫ��ʾ<span lang=EN-US>CRT</span>���������Ĵ����˿ں�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x3b4</span>��</p>
+</span>先设置<span lang=EN-US>dx</span>为单色显示<span lang=EN-US>CRT</span>控制索引寄存器端口号<span
+lang=EN-US>0x3b4</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L409></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L409"><span
 lang=EN-US>409</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 and&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x01&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����������Ĵ�����λ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ɫ����ֱ����ת��</p>
+! </span>如果混合输出寄存器的位<span lang=EN-US>0</span>等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（单色）则直接跳转，</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L410></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L410"><span
 lang=EN-US>410</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jz&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; even7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����<span lang=EN-US>dx</span>����Ϊ��ɫ��ʾ<span lang=EN-US>CRT</span>���������Ĵ����˿ں�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x3d4</span>��</p>
+! </span>否则<span lang=EN-US>dx</span>设置为彩色显示<span lang=EN-US>CRT</span>控制索引寄存器端口号<span
+lang=EN-US>0x3d4</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L411></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L411"><span
@@ -9644,7 +9644,7 @@ mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,#0x3d4</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L412"><span
 lang=EN-US>412</span></a><span lang=EN-US> even7:&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x0c&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>���üĴ���������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0x0c</span>����Ӧ�Դ���ʼ��ַ���ֽڼĴ�����</p>
+! </span>设置寄存器索引号为<span lang=EN-US>0x0c</span>，对应显存起始地址高字节寄存器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L413></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L413"><span
@@ -9660,7 +9660,7 @@ inc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L415"><span
 lang=EN-US>415</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 in&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;al,dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ȡ��ʾ�ڴ���ʼ��ַ���ֽڼĴ������ݣ���������<span lang=EN-US>bl</span>�С�</p>
+! </span>读取显示内存起始地址高字节寄存器内容，并保存在<span lang=EN-US>bl</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L416></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L416"><span
@@ -9671,7 +9671,7 @@ mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bl,al</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L417"><span
 lang=EN-US>417</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x55&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>Ȼ�����Դ���ʼ��ַ���ֽڼĴ�����д��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>0x55</span>���ٶ�ȡ������</p>
+! </span>然后在显存起始地址高字节寄存器中写入值<span lang=EN-US>0x55</span>，再读取出来。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L418></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L418"><span
@@ -9687,20 +9687,20 @@ in&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,dx</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L420"><span
 lang=EN-US>420</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 dec&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>Ȼ��ͨ��<span lang=EN-US>CRTC</span>�����Ĵ����˿�<span lang=EN-US>0x3b4</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x3d4</span>ѡ����������</p>
+! </span>然后通过<span lang=EN-US>CRTC</span>索引寄存器端口<span lang=EN-US>0x3b4</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>0x3d4</span>选择索引号是</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L421></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L421"><span
 lang=EN-US>421</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! 0x1f</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Video7</span>��ʾ����ʶ�Ĵ������üĴ�������ʵ���Ͼ���</p>
+! 0x1f</span>的<span lang=EN-US>Video7</span>显示卡标识寄存器。该寄存器内容实际上就是</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L422></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L422"><span
 lang=EN-US>422</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�Դ���ʼ��ַ���ֽں�<span lang=EN-US>0xea</span>������������Ľ��ֵ��</p>
+! </span>显存起始地址高字节和<span lang=EN-US>0xea</span>进行异或操作后的结果值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L423></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L423"><span
@@ -9711,7 +9711,7 @@ inc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L424"><span
 lang=EN-US>424</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 in&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>Video7</span>��ʾ����ʶ�Ĵ���ֵ����������<span lang=EN-US>bh</span>�С�</p>
+! </span>读取<span lang=EN-US>Video7</span>显示卡标识寄存器值，并保存在<span lang=EN-US>bh</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L425></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L425"><span
@@ -9722,7 +9722,7 @@ bh,al</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L426"><span
 lang=EN-US>426</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 dec&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>Ȼ����ѡ���Դ���ʼ��ַ���ֽڼĴ������ָ���ԭֵ��</p>
+! </span>然后再选择显存起始地址高字节寄存器，恢复其原值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L427></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L427"><span
@@ -9753,51 +9753,51 @@ out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx,al</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L432"><span
 lang=EN-US>432</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x55&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�����������֤��<span lang=EN-US>Video7</span>��ʾ����ʶ�Ĵ���ֵ�����Դ���ʼ</p>
+! </span>随后我们来验证“<span lang=EN-US>Video7</span>显示卡标识寄存器值就是显存起始</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L433></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L433"><span
 lang=EN-US>433</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 xor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0xea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ַ���ֽں�<span lang=EN-US>0xea</span>������������Ľ��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>��</span>�����<span
+! </span>地址高字节和<span lang=EN-US>0xea</span>进行异或操作后的结果值<span lang=EN-US>”</span>。因此<span
 lang=EN-US>0x55</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L434></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L434"><span
 lang=EN-US>434</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,bh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>0xea</span>�����������Ľ����Ӧ�õ��ڱ�ʶ�Ĵ����Ĳ���ֵ��</p>
+! </span>和<span lang=EN-US>0xea</span>进行异或操作的结果就应该等于标识寄存器的测试值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L435></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L435"><span
 lang=EN-US>435</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; novid7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>������<span lang=EN-US>Video7</span>��ʾ����������Ĭ����ʾ����ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>492</span>�У���</p>
+! </span>若不是<span lang=EN-US>Video7</span>显示卡，则设置默认显示行列值（<span lang=EN-US>492</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L436></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L436"><span
 lang=EN-US>436</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,dscvideo7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>Video7</span>��ʾ����������<span lang=EN-US>si</span>ָ�����ʾ������ֵ������<span
+lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,dscvideo7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>Video7</span>显示卡，于是让<span lang=EN-US>si</span>指向该显示卡行列值表，让<span
 lang=EN-US>di</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L437></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L437"><span
 lang=EN-US>437</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,movideo7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ָ����չģʽ������ģʽ���б���</p>
+lea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di,movideo7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>指向扩展模式个数和模式号列表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����������������жϳ�����ʾ�������Լ�ȡ�õ������չģʽ��Ϣ��<span
-lang=EN-US>si</span>ָ�������ֵ�б���<span lang=EN-US>di</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>下面根据上述代码判断出的显示卡类型以及取得的相关扩展模式信息（<span
+lang=EN-US>si</span>指向的行列值列表；<span lang=EN-US>di</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ָ����չģʽ������ģʽ���б�������ʾ�û�ѡ����õ���ʾģʽ�������ó���Ӧ��ʾģʽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>指向扩展模式个数和模式号列表），提示用户选择可用的显示模式，并设置成相应显示模式。最后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�ӳ��򷵻�ϵͳ��ǰ���õ���Ļ����ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ah = </span>������<span lang=EN-US>al=</span>�����������磬���ϵͳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>ATI</span>��ʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>子程序返回系统当前设置的屏幕行列值（<span
+lang=EN-US>ah = </span>列数；<span lang=EN-US>al=</span>行数）。例如，如果系统中是<span
+lang=EN-US>ATI</span>显示卡，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ô��Ļ�ϻ���ʾ������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>那么屏幕上会显示以下信息：</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! Mode:&nbsp; COLSxROWS:</span></p>
 
@@ -9812,8 +9812,8 @@ corresponding number.</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��γ�����������Ļ����ʾ<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��β���ַ�����Ϣ��<span lang=EN-US>Mode:&nbsp; COLSxROWS:</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>这段程序首先在屏幕上显示<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>结尾的字符串信息“<span lang=EN-US>Mode:&nbsp; COLSxROWS:</span>”。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L438></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L438"><span
@@ -9838,7 +9838,7 @@ xor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx,cx</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L442"><span
 lang=EN-US>442</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cl,(di)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ʱ<span lang=EN-US>cl</span>���Ǽ�������ʾ������չģʽ������</p>
+! </span>此时<span lang=EN-US>cl</span>中是检查出的显示卡的扩展模式个数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L443></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L443"><span
@@ -9855,13 +9855,13 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L445"><span
 lang=EN-US>445</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 push&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>Ȼ����ÿһ������ʾ����ǰ��ʾ����ѡ�����չģʽ����ֵ�����û�ѡ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>然后并在每一行上显示出当前显示卡可选择的扩展模式行列值，供用户选用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L446></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L446"><span
 lang=EN-US>446</span></a><span lang=EN-US> tbl:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pop&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! bx = </span>��ʾ������չģʽ�ܸ�����</p>
+! bx = </span>显示卡的扩展模式总个数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L447></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L447"><span
@@ -9882,38 +9882,38 @@ sub&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,cl</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L450"><span
 lang=EN-US>450</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dprnt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ʮ���Ƹ�ʽ��ʾ<span lang=EN-US>al</span>�е�ֵ��</p>
+! </span>以十进制格式显示<span lang=EN-US>al</span>中的值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L451></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L451"><span
 lang=EN-US>451</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; spcing&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ʾһ�����ٿ�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>���ո�</p>
+! </span>显示一个点再空<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个空格。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L452></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L452"><span
 lang=EN-US>452</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lodsw&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ax</span>�м���<span lang=EN-US>si</span>ָ�������ֵ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>si</span>ָ����һ��<span lang=EN-US>word</span>ֵ��</p>
+</span>在<span lang=EN-US>ax</span>中加载<span lang=EN-US>si</span>指向的行列值，随后<span
+lang=EN-US>si</span>指向下一个<span lang=EN-US>word</span>值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L453></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L453"><span
 lang=EN-US>453</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 xchg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,ah&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����λ�ú�<span lang=EN-US>al = </span>������</p>
+! </span>交换位置后<span lang=EN-US>al = </span>列数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L454></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L454"><span
 lang=EN-US>454</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dprnt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>��ʾ������</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>显示列数；</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L455></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L455"><span
 lang=EN-US>455</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 xchg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ah,al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ʱ<span lang=EN-US>al</span>��������ֵ��</p>
+! </span>此时<span lang=EN-US>al</span>中是行数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L456></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L456"><span
@@ -9924,7 +9924,7 @@ push&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L457"><span
 lang=EN-US>457</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x78&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ʾһ��С��<span lang=EN-US>x��</span>�����˺š�</p>
+! </span>显示一个小“<span lang=EN-US>x”</span>，即乘号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L458></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L458"><span
@@ -9935,57 +9935,57 @@ call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; prnt1</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L459"><span
 lang=EN-US>459</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pop&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;! </span>��ʱ<span lang=EN-US>al</span>��������ֵ��</p>
+&nbsp;! </span>此时<span lang=EN-US>al</span>中是行数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L460></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L460"><span
 lang=EN-US>460</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dprnt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ʾ������</p>
+! </span>显示行数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L461></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L461"><span
 lang=EN-US>461</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; docr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�س����С�</p>
+! </span>回车换行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L462></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L462"><span
 lang=EN-US>462</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 loop&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; tbl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>����ʾ��һ������ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>cx</span>����չģʽ����ֵ�ݼ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+! </span>再显示下一个行列值。<span lang=EN-US>cx</span>中扩展模式计数值递减<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����չģʽ����ֵ����ʾ֮����ʾ��<span
-lang=EN-US>Choose mode by pressing the corresponding number.</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>在扩展模式行列值都显示之后，显示“<span
+lang=EN-US>Choose mode by pressing the corresponding number.</span>”，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>Ȼ��Ӽ��̿ڶ�ȡ�û�������ɨ���룬���ݸ�ɨ����ȷ���û�ѡ�������ֵģʽ�ţ�������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>然后从键盘口读取用户按键的扫描码，根据该扫描码确定用户选择的行列值模式号，并利用<span
 lang=EN-US>ROM </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! BIOS</span>����ʾ�ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>int 0x10</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0x00</span>��������Ӧ����ʾģʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! BIOS</span>的显示中断<span
+lang=EN-US>int 0x10</span>功能<span lang=EN-US>0x00</span>来设置相应的显示模式。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>468</span>�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>��</span>ģʽ����ֵ<span lang=EN-US>+0x80��</span>���������ּ�<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>���ɿ�ɨ���롣����<span
-lang=EN-US>0--9</span>���ּ������ǵ��ɿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>第<span lang=EN-US>468</span>行的<span
+lang=EN-US>“</span>模式个数值<span lang=EN-US>+0x80”</span>是所按数字键<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>的松开扫描码。对于<span
+lang=EN-US>0--9</span>数字键，它们的松开</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ɨ����ֱ��ǣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0 - 0x8B</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1 - 0x82</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2
-- 0x83</span>��<span lang=EN-US>3 - 0x84</span>��<span lang=EN-US>4 - 0x85</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>扫描码分别是：<span
+lang=EN-US>0 - 0x8B</span>；<span lang=EN-US>1 - 0x82</span>；<span lang=EN-US>2
+- 0x83</span>；<span lang=EN-US>3 - 0x84</span>；<span lang=EN-US>4 - 0x85</span>；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-5 - 0x86</span>��<span lang=EN-US>6 - 0x87</span>��<span lang=EN-US>7 - 0x88</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>8 - 0x89</span>��<span lang=EN-US>9 - 0x8A</span>��</p>
+5 - 0x86</span>；<span lang=EN-US>6 - 0x87</span>；<span lang=EN-US>7 - 0x88</span>；<span
+lang=EN-US>8 - 0x89</span>；<span lang=EN-US>9 - 0x8A</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ˣ������ȡ�ļ����ɿ�ɨ����С��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x82</span>�ͱ�ʾ�������ּ������ɨ�������<span lang=EN-US>0x8B</span>���ʾ�û�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>因此，如果读取的键盘松开扫描码小于<span
+lang=EN-US>0x82</span>就表示不是数字键；如果扫描码等于<span lang=EN-US>0x8B</span>则表示用户</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>按下数字<span lang=EN-US>0</span>键。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L463></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L463"><span
 lang=EN-US>463</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pop&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! cl</span>������ʾ����չģʽ�ܸ���ֵ��</p>
+! cl</span>中是显示卡扩展模式总个数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L464></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L464"><span
@@ -9996,7 +9996,7 @@ call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; docr</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L465"><span
 lang=EN-US>465</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lea&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;si,msg3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ʾ���밴��Ӧ���ּ���ѡ��ģʽ����</p>
+! </span>显示“请按相应数字键来选择模式。”</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L466></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L466"><span
@@ -10007,13 +10007,13 @@ call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; prtstr</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L467"><span
 lang=EN-US>467</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pop&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span>����ԭ����ֵָ�루ָ����ʾ������ֵ����ʼ������</p>
+</span>弹出原行列值指针（指向显示卡行列值表开始处）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L468></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L468"><span
 lang=EN-US>468</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 add&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cl,#0x80&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! cl + 0x80 = </span>��Ӧ�����ּ�<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>�����ɿ�ɨ���롣</p>
+! cl + 0x80 = </span>对应“数字键<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>”的松开扫描码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L469></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L469"><span
@@ -10025,7 +10025,7 @@ al,#0x60&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;! Quick and dirty...</s
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L470"><span
 lang=EN-US>470</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x82&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�������ɿ�ɨ����С��<span lang=EN-US>0x82</span>���ʾ�������ּ������ɸü���</p>
+! </span>若键盘松开扫描码小于<span lang=EN-US>0x82</span>则表示不是数字键，忽律该键。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L471></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L471"><span
@@ -10036,7 +10036,7 @@ jb&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nonum</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L472"><span
 lang=EN-US>472</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x8b&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�������ɿ�ɨ�������<span lang=EN-US>0x8b</span>����ʾ���������ּ�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+! </span>若键盘松开扫描码等于<span lang=EN-US>0x8b</span>，表示按下了数字键<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L473></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L473"><span
@@ -10047,51 +10047,51 @@ je&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; zero</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L474"><span
 lang=EN-US>474</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,cl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ɨ���������չģʽ����ֵ��Ӧ�����ɨ����ֵ����ʾ</p>
+! </span>若扫描码大于扩展模式个数值对应的最大扫描码值，表示</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L475></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L475"><span
 lang=EN-US>475</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ja&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nonum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�����ֵ������Χ�������ּ����ɿ�ɨ���롣�����ʾ</p>
+! </span>键入的值超过范围或不是数字键的松开扫描码。否则表示</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L476></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L476"><span
 lang=EN-US>476</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nozero&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�û����²��ɿ���һ����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���ְ�����</p>
+! </span>用户按下并松开了一个非<span lang=EN-US>0</span>数字按键。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>������ɿ�ɨ����ת���ɶ�Ӧ�����ְ���ֵ��Ȼ�����ø�ֵ��ģʽ������ģʽ���б���ѡ���Ӧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>下面把松开扫描码转换成对应的数字按键值，然后利用该值从模式个数和模式号列表中选择对应的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ģʽ�š����ŵ��û���<span
-lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span>�ж�<span lang=EN-US>int 0x10</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����Ļ���ó�ģʽ��ָ����ģʽ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>的模式号。接着调用机器<span
+lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span>中断<span lang=EN-US>int 0x10</span>功能<span lang=EN-US>0</span>把屏幕设置成模式号指定的模式。最后再</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����ģʽ�Ŵ���ʾ������ֵ����ѡ����<span
-lang=EN-US>ax</span>�з��ض�Ӧ������ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>利用模式号从显示卡行列值表中选择并在<span
+lang=EN-US>ax</span>中返回对应的行列值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L477></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L477"><span
 lang=EN-US>477</span></a><span lang=EN-US> zero:&nbsp;&nbsp;
 sub&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,#0x0a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! al = 0x8b - 0x0a = 0x81</span>��</p>
+! al = 0x8b - 0x0a = 0x81</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L478></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L478"><span
 lang=EN-US>478</span></a><span lang=EN-US> nozero: sub&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-al,#0x80&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�ټ�ȥ<span
-lang=EN-US>0x80</span>�Ϳ��Եõ��û�ѡ���˵ڼ���ģʽ��</p>
+al,#0x80&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>再减去<span
+lang=EN-US>0x80</span>就可以得到用户选择了第几个模式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L479></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L479"><span
 lang=EN-US>479</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 dec&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�������</p>
+</span>从<span lang=EN-US>0</span>起计数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L480></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L480"><span
 lang=EN-US>480</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 xor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ah,ah&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! int 0x10</span>��ʾ���ܺ�<span lang=EN-US>=0</span>��������ʾģʽ����</p>
+! int 0x10</span>显示功能号<span lang=EN-US>=0</span>（设置显示模式）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L481></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L481"><span
@@ -10102,7 +10102,7 @@ add&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;di,ax</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L482"><span
 lang=EN-US>482</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; di&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! di</span>ָ���Ӧ��ģʽ�ţ�������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ģʽ�����ֽ�ֵ����</p>
+! di</span>指向对应的模式号（跳过第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个模式个数字节值）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L483></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L483"><span
@@ -10113,8 +10113,8 @@ push&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L484"><span
 lang=EN-US>484</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; al,(di)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>ȡģʽ��<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>al</span>�У�������ϵͳ<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>��ʾ�жϹ���<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+! </span>取模式号<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US>al</span>中，并调用系统<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>显示中断功能<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L485></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L485"><span
@@ -10130,7 +10130,7 @@ pop&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L487"><span
 lang=EN-US>487</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 shl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ax,#1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>ģʽ�ų�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��ת����Ϊ����ֵ���ж�Ӧֵ��ָ�롣</p>
+! </span>模式号乘<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，转换成为行列值表中对应值的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L488></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L488"><span
@@ -10141,15 +10141,15 @@ add&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; si,ax</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L489"><span
 lang=EN-US>489</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lodsw&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>ȡ��Ӧ����ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>ax</span>�У�<span lang=EN-US>ah = </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>al = </span>��������</p>
+! </span>取对应行列值到<span lang=EN-US>ax</span>中（<span lang=EN-US>ah = </span>列数，<span
+lang=EN-US>al = </span>行数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L490></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L490"><span
 lang=EN-US>490</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pop&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ds&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>�ָ���<span lang=EN-US>216</span>�б����<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>ԭֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>ax</span>�з��ص�ǰ��ʾ����ֵ��</p>
+! </span>恢复第<span lang=EN-US>216</span>行保存的<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>原值。在<span
+lang=EN-US>ax</span>中返回当前显示行列值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L491></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L491"><span
@@ -10158,8 +10158,8 @@ ret</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����������������ʾ������ô����ֻ�ò���Ĭ�ϵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>80 x 25 </span>�ı�׼����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>若都不是上面检测的显示卡，那么我们只好采用默认的<span
+lang=EN-US>80 x 25 </span>的标准行列值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L492></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L492"><span
@@ -10185,20 +10185,20 @@ lang=EN-US>495</span></a><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L496"><span
 lang=EN-US>496</span></a><span lang=EN-US> ! Routine that 'tabs' to next col.</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����ƶ�����һ�Ʊ�λ���ӳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>光标移动到下一制表位的子程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L497></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L497"><span
 lang=EN-US>497</span></a><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ʾһ�����ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>'.'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>4</span>���ո�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>显示一个点字符<span
+lang=EN-US>'.'</span>和<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个空格。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L498></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L498"><span
 lang=EN-US>498</span></a><span lang=EN-US> spcing: mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-al,#0x2e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ʾһ�����ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>'.'</span>��</p>
+al,#0x2e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>显示一个点字符<span
+lang=EN-US>'.'</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L499></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L499"><span
@@ -10258,8 +10258,8 @@ lang=EN-US>509</span></a><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L510"><span
 lang=EN-US>510</span></a><span lang=EN-US> ! Routine to print asciiz-string at DS:SI</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ʾλ��<span lang=EN-US>DS:SI</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x00</span>����β���ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>显示位于<span lang=EN-US>DS:SI</span>处以<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0x00</span>）结尾的字符串。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L511></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L511"><span
@@ -10282,8 +10282,8 @@ jz&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; fin</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L515></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L515"><span
 lang=EN-US>515</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;call&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-prnt1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ʾ<span
-lang=EN-US>al</span>�е�һ���ַ���</p>
+prnt1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>显示<span
+lang=EN-US>al</span>中的一个字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L516></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L516"><span
@@ -10307,8 +10307,8 @@ on screen, the value to be</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L520"><span
 lang=EN-US>520</span></a><span lang=EN-US> ! printed is put in al (i.e 0-255). </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ʾʮ�������ֵ��ӳ�����ʾֵ���ڼĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>al</span>�У�<span lang=EN-US>0--255</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>显示十进制数字的子程序。显示值放在寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>al</span>中（<span lang=EN-US>0--255</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L521></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L521"><span
@@ -10410,21 +10410,21 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L540"><span
 lang=EN-US>540</span></a><span lang=EN-US> ! Part of above routine, this one
 just prints ascii al</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����ӳ����һ���֡���ʾ<span
-lang=EN-US>al</span>�е�һ���ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>上面子程序的一部分。显示<span
+lang=EN-US>al</span>中的一个字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ӳ���ʹ���ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x10</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x0E</span>���ܣ��Ե紫��ʽ����Ļ��дһ���ַ��������Զ��Ƶ���һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>该子程序使用中断<span
+lang=EN-US>0x10</span>的<span lang=EN-US>0x0E</span>功能，以电传方式在屏幕上写一个字符。光标会自动移到下一个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>λ�ô������д��һ�й��ͻ��ƶ�����һ�п�ʼ��������Ѿ�д��һ�����һ�У���������Ļ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>位置处。如果写完一行光标就会移动到下一行开始处。如果已经写完一屏最后一行，则整个屏幕</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����Ϲ���һ�С��ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x07</span>��<span lang=EN-US>BEL</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0x08</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>BS</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0x0A(LF)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x0D</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>CR</span>������Ϊ�������ʾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>会向上滚动一行。字符<span
+lang=EN-US>0x07</span>（<span lang=EN-US>BEL</span>）、<span lang=EN-US>0x08</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>BS</span>）、<span lang=EN-US>0x0A(LF)</span>和<span lang=EN-US>0x0D</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>CR</span>）被作为命令不会显示。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���룺<span lang=EN-US>AL
--- </span>��д�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>BH -- </span>��ʾҳ�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>BL -- </span>ǰ����ʾɫ��ͼ�η�ʽʱ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>输入：<span lang=EN-US>AL
+-- </span>欲写字符；<span lang=EN-US>BH -- </span>显示页号；<span lang=EN-US>BL -- </span>前景显示色（图形方式时）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L541></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L541"><span
@@ -10444,7 +10444,7 @@ cx</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L544"><span
 lang=EN-US>544</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh,#0x00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ʾҳ�档</p>
+! </span>显示页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L545></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L545"><span
@@ -10483,7 +10483,7 @@ lang=EN-US>551</span></a><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L552></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L552"><span
 lang=EN-US>552</span></a><span lang=EN-US> ! Prints &lt;CR&gt; + &lt;LF&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! </span>��ʾ�س�<span lang=EN-US>+</span>���С�</p>
+! </span>显示回车<span lang=EN-US>+</span>换行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L553></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L553"><span
@@ -10554,15 +10554,15 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L566"><span
 lang=EN-US>566</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ȫ������������ʼ�������������ɶ��<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>�ֽڳ�������������ɡ����������<span lang=EN-US>3</span>���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>全局描述符表开始处。描述符表由多个<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>字节长的描述符项组成。这里给出了<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个描述符项。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ã�<span
-lang=EN-US>568</span>�У���������ڡ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����ϵͳ�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>570-573</span>�У�����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>����ϵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>项无用（<span
+lang=EN-US>568</span>行），但须存在。第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>项是系统代码段描述符（<span
+lang=EN-US>570-573</span>行），第<span lang=EN-US>3</span>项是系</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>ͳ���ݶ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>(575-578</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>统数据段描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>(575-578</span>行<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L567></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L567"><span
@@ -10572,20 +10572,20 @@ lang=EN-US>567</span></a><span lang=EN-US> gdt:</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L568"><span
 lang=EN-US>568</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 .word&nbsp;&nbsp; 0,0,0,0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; !
-dummy&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������������á�</p>
+dummy&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个描述符，不用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L569></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L569"><span
 lang=EN-US>569</span></a><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>GDT</span>���������ƫ������<span
-lang=EN-US>0x08</span>�������ں˴����ѡ�����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>在<span lang=EN-US>GDT</span>表中这里的偏移量是<span
+lang=EN-US>0x08</span>。它是内核代码段选择符的值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L570></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L570"><span
 lang=EN-US>570</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 .word&nbsp;&nbsp; 0x07FF&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! 8Mb - limit=2047 &nbsp;(0--2047</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>2048*4096=8Mb)</span></p>
+! 8Mb - limit=2047 &nbsp;(0--2047</span>，因此是<span lang=EN-US>2048*4096=8Mb)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L571></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L571"><span
@@ -10597,21 +10597,21 @@ lang=EN-US>571</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L572"><span
 lang=EN-US>572</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 .word&nbsp;&nbsp; 0x9A00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! code read/exec &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>�����Ϊֻ������ִ�С�</p>
+! code read/exec &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>代码段为只读、可执行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L573></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L573"><span
 lang=EN-US>573</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 .word&nbsp;&nbsp; 0x00C0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! granularity=4096, 386&nbsp; ! </span>������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>4096</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>λģʽ��</p>
+! granularity=4096, 386&nbsp; ! </span>颗粒度为<span lang=EN-US>4096</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>位模式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L574></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L574"><span
 lang=EN-US>574</span></a><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>GDT</span>���������ƫ������<span
-lang=EN-US>0x10</span>�������ں����ݶ�ѡ�����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>在<span lang=EN-US>GDT</span>表中这里的偏移量是<span
+lang=EN-US>0x10</span>。它是内核数据段选择符的值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L575></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L575"><span
@@ -10629,28 +10629,28 @@ lang=EN-US>576</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L577"><span
 lang=EN-US>577</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 .word&nbsp;&nbsp; 0x9200&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! data read/write &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>���ݶ�Ϊ�ɶ���д��</p>
+! data read/write &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>数据段为可读可写。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L578></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L578"><span
 lang=EN-US>578</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 .word&nbsp;&nbsp; 0x00C0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-! granularity=4096, 386 &nbsp;! </span>������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>4096</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>λģʽ��</p>
+! granularity=4096, 386 &nbsp;! </span>颗粒度为<span lang=EN-US>4096</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>位模式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L579></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L579"><span
 lang=EN-US>579</span></a><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>�����Ǽ����ж����������Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>idtr</span>��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>lidt</span>Ҫ���<span lang=EN-US>6</span>�ֽڲ�������ǰ<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>IDT</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>下面是加载中断描述符表寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>idtr</span>的指令<span lang=EN-US>lidt</span>要求的<span lang=EN-US>6</span>字节操作数。前<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>字节是<span lang=EN-US>IDT</span>表的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�޳�����<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>idt</span>�������Ե�ַ�ռ��е�<span lang=EN-US>32</span>λ����ַ��<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>Ҫ���ڽ��뱣��ģʽ֮ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>限长，后<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节是<span
+lang=EN-US>idt</span>表在线性地址空间中的<span lang=EN-US>32</span>位基地址。<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>要求在进入保护模式之前需设</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>IDT</span>�����������������һ������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�Ŀձ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>置<span lang=EN-US>IDT</span>表，因此这里先设置一个长度为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的空表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L580></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L580"><span
@@ -10674,21 +10674,21 @@ idt base=0L</span></p>
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L583"><span
 lang=EN-US>583</span></a><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���Ǽ���ȫ�����������Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>gdtr</span>��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>lgdt</span>Ҫ���<span lang=EN-US>6</span>�ֽڲ�������ǰ<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>gdt</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>这是加载全局描述符表寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>gdtr</span>的指令<span lang=EN-US>lgdt</span>要求的<span lang=EN-US>6</span>字节操作数。前<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>字节是<span lang=EN-US>gdt</span>表的限</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>������<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽ���
-<span lang=EN-US>gdt</span>�������Ի���ַ������ȫ�ֱ���������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US> 2KB</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x7ff</span>���ɣ�����Ϊÿ<span lang=EN-US>8</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>长，后<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节是
+<span lang=EN-US>gdt</span>表的线性基地址。这里全局表长度设置为<span lang=EN-US> 2KB</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>0x7ff</span>即可），因为每<span lang=EN-US>8</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�ֽ����һ��������������Ա��й�����<span
-lang=EN-US> 256</span>�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڵ����Ի���ַΪ<span lang=EN-US>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>字节组成一个段描述符项，所以表中共可有<span
+lang=EN-US> 256</span>项。<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节的线性基地址为<span lang=EN-US>
 0x0009&lt;&lt;16 +</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x0200 + gdt</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>0x90200 + gdt</span>��<span lang=EN-US>(</span>����<span lang=EN-US>gdt</span>��ȫ�ֱ��ڱ�������е�ƫ�Ƶ�ַ����<span
-lang=EN-US>205</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! 0x0200 + gdt</span>，即<span
+lang=EN-US>0x90200 + gdt</span>。<span lang=EN-US>(</span>符号<span lang=EN-US>gdt</span>是全局表在本程序段中的偏移地址，见<span
+lang=EN-US>205</span>行<span lang=EN-US>)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L584></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L584"><span
@@ -10748,7 +10748,7 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L594"><span
 lang=EN-US>594</span></a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>������<span lang=EN-US>4</span>����ʾ�����������ݴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>下面是<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个显示卡的特征数据串。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L595></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L595"><span
@@ -10760,8 +10760,8 @@ idati:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .ascii&nbsp;
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L596"><span
 lang=EN-US>596</span></a><span lang=EN-US>
 idcandt:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .byte&nbsp;&nbsp; 0xa5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>���<span
-lang=EN-US>idcandt</span>��˼��<span lang=EN-US>ID of Chip AND Tech.</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;! </span>标号<span
+lang=EN-US>idcandt</span>意思是<span lang=EN-US>ID of Chip AND Tech.</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L597></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L597"><span
@@ -10778,23 +10778,23 @@ lang=EN-US>598</span></a><span lang=EN-US> idparadise:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L599"><span
 lang=EN-US>599</span></a><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����Ǹ�����ʾ����ʹ�õ���չģʽ�����Ͷ�Ӧ��ģʽ���б�������ÿһ�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���ֽ���ģʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>下面是各种显示卡可使用的扩展模式个数和对应的模式号列表。其中每一行第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个字节是模式个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>��ֵ������һЩֵ���ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x10</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>AH=0</span>����ʹ�õ�ģʽ�š������<span
-lang=EN-US>602</span>�п�֪������<span lang=EN-US>ATI</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>数值，随后的一些值是中断<span
+lang=EN-US>0x10</span>功能<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（<span lang=EN-US>AH=0</span>）可使用的模式号。例如从<span
+lang=EN-US>602</span>行可知，对于<span lang=EN-US>ATI</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ӵ���ʾ�������˱�׼ģʽ���⻹��ʹ��������չģʽ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x23</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x33</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>牌子的显示卡，除了标准模式以外还可使用两种扩展模式：<span
+lang=EN-US>0x23</span>和<span lang=EN-US>0x33</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L600></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L600"><span
 lang=EN-US>600</span></a><span lang=EN-US> ! Manufacturer:&nbsp;&nbsp;
 Numofmodes:&nbsp;&nbsp; Mode:</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>���ң�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>ģʽ������<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>ģʽ�б���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>厂家：<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>模式数量：<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>模式列表：</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L601></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L601"><span
@@ -10863,12 +10863,12 @@ movideo7:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .byte&nbsp;&nbsp;
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L612"><span
 lang=EN-US>612</span></a><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>�����Ǹ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>VGA</span>��ʾ����ʹ�õ�ģʽ��Ӧ���С���ֵ�б��������<span lang=EN-US>615</span>�б�ʾ<span
-lang=EN-US>ATI</span>��ʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>下面是各种牌子<span
+lang=EN-US>VGA</span>显示卡可使用的模式对应的列、行值列表。例如第<span lang=EN-US>615</span>行表示<span
+lang=EN-US>ATI</span>显示卡两</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>����չģʽ���С���ֵ�ֱ��� <span
-lang=EN-US>132 x 25</span>�� <span lang=EN-US>132 x 44</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span>种扩展模式的列、行值分别是 <span
+lang=EN-US>132 x 25</span>、 <span lang=EN-US>132 x 44</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L613></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L613"><span
@@ -10877,8 +10877,8 @@ lang=EN-US>613</span></a><span lang=EN-US>
 msb = Cols &nbsp;&nbsp;lsb = Rows:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>���ֽ�<span
-lang=EN-US>=</span>����<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>���ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>=</span>������</p>
+!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>高字节<span
+lang=EN-US>=</span>列数<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>低字节<span lang=EN-US>=</span>行数：</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L614></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L614"><span
@@ -10889,13 +10889,13 @@ href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L615"><span
 lang=EN-US>615</span></a><span lang=EN-US>
 dscati:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .word&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x8419, 0x842c&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;!
-ATI</span>���������С���ֵ��</p>
+ATI</span>卡可设置列、行值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L616></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L616"><span
 lang=EN-US>616</span></a><span lang=EN-US>
 dscahead:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .word&nbsp;&nbsp; 0x842c, 0x8419,
-0x841c, 0xa032, 0x5042&nbsp;&nbsp; ! Ahead</span>��������ֵ��</p>
+0x841c, 0xa032, 0x5042&nbsp;&nbsp; ! Ahead</span>卡可设置值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L617></a><a
 href="http://plinux.org/lxr/http/source/boot/setup.S?v=0.12#L617"><span
@@ -10988,7 +10988,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447970"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447374"></a><a name="_Toc53320599"><span lang=EN-US>6.3 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>6-3 linux/boot/head.s</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>6-3 linux/boot/head.s</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -11038,16 +11038,16 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>6-3 linux/b
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp; head.s</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ�������롣</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>含有</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位启动代码。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ע��</span><span lang=EN-US>!!! 32</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ���������ǴӾ��Ե�ַ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x00000000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʼ�ģ�����Ҳͬ����ҳĿ¼�����ڵĵط���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>注意</span><span lang=EN-US>!!! 32</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位启动代码是从绝对地址</span><span lang=EN-US>0x00000000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>开始的，这里也同样是页目录将存在的地方，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;* </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���������������뽫��ҳĿ¼���ǵ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>因此这里的启动代码将被页目录覆盖掉。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;*/</span></p>
 
@@ -11059,94 +11059,94 @@ style='font-family:����'>���������������
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 _pg_dir:&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>ҳĿ¼�����������</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>页目录将会存放在这里。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ٴ�ע��</span><span lang=EN-US>!!! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����Ѿ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ����ģʽ����������</span><span lang=EN-US>$0x10</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ǰѵ�ַ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>װ�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>再次注意</span><span lang=EN-US>!!! </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>这里已经处于</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位运行模式，因此这里的</span><span lang=EN-US>$0x10</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>并不是把地址</span><span lang=EN-US>0x10</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>装入各个</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�μĴ�������������ʵ��ȫ�ֶ����������е�ƫ��ֵ�����߸�׼ȷ��˵��һ������������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>段寄存器，它现在其实是全局段描述符表中的偏移值，或者更准确地说是一个描述符表项</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ѡ������й�ѡ�����˵����μ�</span><span lang=EN-US>setup.s</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>193</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���µ�˵��������</span><span lang=EN-US>$0x10</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ĺ���������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>的选择符。有关选择符的说明请参见</span><span lang=EN-US>setup.s</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中</span><span lang=EN-US>193</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行下的说明。这里</span><span lang=EN-US>$0x10</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的含义是请求</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ȩ��</span><span lang=EN-US>0(</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>0-1=0)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ѡ��ȫ����������</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>2=0)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ѡ����е�</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>3-15=2)</span><span style='font-family:����'>��������ָ</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>特权级</span><span lang=EN-US>0(</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>0-1=0)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>、选择全局描述符表</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>2=0)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>、选择表中第</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>项</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>3-15=2)</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>。它正好指</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����е����ݶ�����������������ľ�����ֵ�μ�ǰ��</span><span lang=EN-US>setup.s</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>212</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>213</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�У�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>向表中的数据段描述符项。（描述符的具体数值参见前面</span><span lang=EN-US>setup.s</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中</span><span lang=EN-US>212</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>213</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行）</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ĺ����ǣ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>ds,es,fs,gs</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>setup.s </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�й�������ݶΣ�ȫ�ֶ�����������</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面代码的含义是：设置</span><span lang=EN-US>ds,es,fs,gs</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>为</span><span lang=EN-US>setup.s </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中构造的数据段（全局段描述符表第</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>项）</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ѡ���</span><span lang=EN-US>=0x10</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������ջ������</span><span lang=EN-US>stack_start</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ���</span><span lang=EN-US>user_stack</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������Ȼ��ʹ�ñ�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>的选择符</span><span lang=EN-US>=0x10</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，并将堆栈放置在</span><span lang=EN-US>stack_start</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指向的</span><span lang=EN-US>user_stack</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>数组区，然后使用本程序</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���涨������ж�����������ȫ�ֶ�����������ȫ�ֶ��������г�ʼ������</span><span
-lang=EN-US>setup.s</span><span style='font-family:����'>�еĻ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>后面定义的新中断描述符表和全局段描述表。新全局段描述表中初始内容与</span><span
+lang=EN-US>setup.s</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>中的基本</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>һ���������޳���</span><span lang=EN-US>8MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�޸ĳ���</span><span lang=EN-US>16MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>stack_start</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>69</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�С�����ָ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>一样，仅段限长从</span><span lang=EN-US>8MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>修改成了</span><span lang=EN-US>16MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span><span lang=EN-US>stack_start</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>定义在</span><span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>69</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行。它是指向</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # user_stack</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ĩ�˵�һ����ָ�롣��</span><span lang=EN-US>23</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������ʹ�õ�ջ�����ҳ�Ϊϵͳջ�������ƶ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>数组末端的一个长指针。第</span><span lang=EN-US>23</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行设置这里使用的栈，姑且称为系统栈。但在移动到</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ִ�У�</span><span lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>137</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�У��Ժ��ջ�ͱ���������</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ͬʹ�õ��û�ջ�ˡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>任务</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>执行（</span><span lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中</span><span lang=EN-US>137</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行）以后该栈就被用作任务</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>和任务</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>共同使用的用户栈了。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 startup_32:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# 18-22</span><span style='font-family:����'>�����ø������ݶμĴ�����</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# 18-22</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>行设置各个数据段寄存器。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 movl $0x10,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>GNU</span><span style='font-family:����'>��࣬ÿ��ֱ�Ӳ�����Ҫ��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>'$'</span><span style='font-family:����'>��ʼ�������ʾ��ַ��</span></p>
+宋体'>对于</span><span lang=EN-US>GNU</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>汇编，每个直接操作数要以</span><span
+lang=EN-US>'$'</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>开始，否则表示地址。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:����'>ÿ���Ĵ�������Ҫ��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>'%'</span><span style='font-family:����'>��ͷ��</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʾ��</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ��</span><span lang=EN-US>ax</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ĵ�����</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>每个寄存器名都要以</span><span
+lang=EN-US>'%'</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>开头，</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>表示是</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位的</span><span lang=EN-US>ax</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>寄存器。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov %ax,%ds</span></p>
@@ -11162,22 +11162,22 @@ mov %ax,%gs</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lss _stack_start,%esp&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʾ</span><span lang=EN-US>_stack_start</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ss:esp</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ϵͳ��ջ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>表示</span><span lang=EN-US>_stack_start</span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>ss:esp</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，设置系统堆栈。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# stack_start</span><span style='font-family:����'>������</span><span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>69</span><span style='font-family:����'>�С�</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# stack_start</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>定义在</span><span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>，</span><span
+lang=EN-US>69</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>行。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call setup_idt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>���������ж����������ӳ���</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>调用设置中断描述符表子程序。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call setup_gdt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>��������ȫ�����������ӳ���</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>调用设置全局描述符表子程序。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 movl
@@ -11196,60 +11196,60 @@ mov
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov %ax,%fs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:����'>��Ϊ�޸���</span><span
-lang=EN-US>gdt</span><span style='font-family:����'>��������Ҫ����װ�����еĶμĴ�����</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>因为修改了</span><span
+lang=EN-US>gdt</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>，所以需要重新装载所有的段寄存器。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov %ax,%gs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-CS</span><span style='font-family:����'>����μĴ����Ѿ���</span><span lang=EN-US>setup_gdt</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����¼��ع��ˡ�</span></p>
+CS</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>代码段寄存器已经在</span><span lang=EN-US>setup_gdt</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中重新加载过了。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڶ��������еĶ��޳���</span><span lang=EN-US>setup.s</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�е�</span><span lang=EN-US>8MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ĳ��˱��������õ�</span><span lang=EN-US>16MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>setup.s</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>208-216</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>由于段描述符中的段限长从</span><span lang=EN-US>setup.s</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中的</span><span lang=EN-US>8MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>改成了本程序设置的</span><span lang=EN-US>16MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>（见</span><span lang=EN-US>setup.s</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行</span><span lang=EN-US>208-216</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ͱ���������</span><span lang=EN-US>235-236</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�У�����������ٴζ����жμĴ���ִ�м��ز����Ǳ���ġ����⣬ͨ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>和本程序后面的</span><span lang=EN-US>235-236</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行），因此这里再次对所有段寄存器执行加载操作是必须的。另外，通过</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ʹ��</span><span lang=EN-US>bochs</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ٹ۲죬�������</span><span lang=EN-US>CS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ٴ�ִ�м��أ���ô��ִ�е�</span><span lang=EN-US>26</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʱ</span><span lang=EN-US>CS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����β��ɼ�������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>使用</span><span lang=EN-US>bochs</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>跟踪观察，如果不对</span><span lang=EN-US>CS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>再次执行加载，那么在执行到</span><span lang=EN-US>26</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行时</span><span lang=EN-US>CS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>代码段不可见部分中</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���޳�����</span><span lang=EN-US>8MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������Ӧ�����¼���</span><span lang=EN-US>CS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������</span><span lang=EN-US>setup.s</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�е��ں˴�����������뱾������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>的限长还是</span><span lang=EN-US>8MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。这样看来应该重新加载</span><span lang=EN-US>CS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。但是由于</span><span lang=EN-US>setup.s</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中的内核代码段描述符与本程序中</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������õĴ�������������˶��޳��������ಿ����ȫһ����</span><span lang=EN-US>8MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���޳����ں˳�ʼ���׶β�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>重新设置的代码段描述符除了段限长以外其余部分完全一样，</span><span lang=EN-US>8MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的限长在内核初始化阶段不会有</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���⣬�������Ժ��ں�ִ�й����жμ���תʱ�����¼���</span><span lang=EN-US>CS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���������û�м�������û���ó���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>问题，而且在以后内核执行过程中段间跳转时会重新加载</span><span lang=EN-US>CS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。因此这里没有加载它并没有让程序</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>出错。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ը����⣬Ŀǰ�ں��о��ڵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>25</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��֮��������һ������תָ�</span><span lang=EN-US>'ljmp
-$(__KERNEL_CS),$1f'</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>针对该问题，目前内核中就在第</span><span lang=EN-US>25</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行之后添加了一条长跳转指令：</span><span lang=EN-US>'ljmp
+$(__KERNEL_CS),$1f'</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ת����</span><span lang=EN-US>26</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ȷ��</span><span lang=EN-US>CS</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ȷʵ�ֱ����¼��ء�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>跳转到第</span><span lang=EN-US>26</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行来确保</span><span lang=EN-US>CS</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>确实又被重新加载。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
@@ -11259,66 +11259,66 @@ lss _stack_start,%esp</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 32-36</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ڲ���</span><span lang=EN-US>A20</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ַ���Ƿ��Ѿ����������õķ��������ڴ��ַ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x000000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��д������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>行用于测试</span><span lang=EN-US>A20</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>地址线是否已经开启。采用的方法是向内存地址</span><span lang=EN-US>0x000000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处写入任意</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>һ����ֵ��Ȼ���ڴ��ַ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x100000(1M)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���Ƿ�Ҳ�������ֵ�����һֱ��ͬ�Ļ�����һֱ</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>一个数值，然后看内存地址</span><span lang=EN-US>0x100000(1M)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处是否也是这个数值。如果一直相同的话，就一直</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ƚ���ȥ��Ҳ����ѭ������������ʾ��ַ</span><span lang=EN-US>A20</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��û��ѡͨ������ں˾Ͳ���ʹ��</span><span lang=EN-US>1MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ڴ档</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>比较下去，也即死循环、死机。表示地址</span><span lang=EN-US>A20</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>线没有选通，结果内核就不能使用</span><span lang=EN-US>1MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>以上内存。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 33</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ϵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>'1:'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��һ���ֲ����Ź��ɵı�š�����ɷ��ź��һ��ð����ɡ���ʱ�÷��ű�ʾ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>行上的</span><span lang=EN-US>'1:'</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>是一个局部符号构成的标号。标号由符号后跟一个冒号组成。此时该符号表示活动</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ�ü�����</span><span lang=EN-US>Active location counter</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ĵ�ǰֵ����������Ϊָ��Ĳ��������ֲ��������ڰ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>位置计数（</span><span lang=EN-US>Active location counter</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）的当前值，并可以作为指令的操作数。局部符号用于帮助</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ͱ����Ա��ʱʹ��һЩ���ơ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>10</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ֲ������������������������ظ�ʹ�á���Щ����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>编译器和编程人员临时使用一些名称。共有</span><span lang=EN-US>10</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个局部符号名，可在整个程序中重复使用。这些符号</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʹ������</span><span lang=EN-US>'0'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>'1'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>...</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>'9'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����á�Ϊ�˶���һ���ֲ����ţ���ѱ��д��</span><span lang=EN-US>'N:'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʽ������</span><span lang=EN-US>N</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>名使用名称</span><span lang=EN-US>'0'</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>'1'</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>...</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>'9'</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>来引用。为了定义一个局部符号，需把标号写成</span><span lang=EN-US>'N:'</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>形式（其中</span><span lang=EN-US>N</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʾһ�����֣���Ϊ��������ǰ��������������ţ���Ҫд��</span><span lang=EN-US>'Nb'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>N</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ƕ�����ʱʹ�õ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>表示一个数字）。为了引用先前最近定义的这个符号，需要写成</span><span lang=EN-US>'Nb'</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，其中</span><span lang=EN-US>N</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>是定义标号时使用的</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���֡�Ϊ������һ���ֲ���ŵ���һ�����壬��Ҫд��</span><span lang=EN-US>'Nf'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>N</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>10</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ǰ������֮һ������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>数字。为了引用一个局部标号的下一个定义，需要写成</span><span lang=EN-US>'Nf'</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，这里</span><span lang=EN-US>N</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>是</span><span lang=EN-US>10</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个前向引用之一。上面</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 'b'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʾ</span><span lang=EN-US>��</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���</span><span lang=EN-US>backwards</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>��</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>'f'</span><span style='font-family:����'>��ʾ</span><span
-lang=EN-US>��</span><span style='font-family:����'>��ǰ��</span><span lang=EN-US>forwards</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>��</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>���ڻ������ĳһ�����������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>表示</span><span lang=EN-US>“</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>向后（</span><span lang=EN-US>backwards</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）</span><span lang=EN-US>”</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>'f'</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>表示</span><span
+lang=EN-US>“</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>向前（</span><span lang=EN-US>forwards</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）</span><span lang=EN-US>”</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>。在汇编程序的某一处，我们最大</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������</span><span lang=EN-US>/</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ǰ����</span><span lang=EN-US>10</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ţ���Զ��</span><span lang=EN-US>10</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>可以向后</span><span lang=EN-US>/</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>向前引用</span><span lang=EN-US>10</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个标号（最远第</span><span lang=EN-US>10</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
@@ -11339,16 +11339,16 @@ cmpl %eax,0x100000</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 je 1b&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# '1b'</span><span style='font-family:����'>��ʾ���</span><span
-lang=EN-US>(backward)</span><span style='font-family:����'>��ת�����</span><span
-lang=EN-US>1</span><span style='font-family:����'>ȥ��</span><span lang=EN-US>33</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�У���</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# '1b'</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>表示向后</span><span
+lang=EN-US>(backward)</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>跳转到标号</span><span
+lang=EN-US>1</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>去（</span><span lang=EN-US>33</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span
-lang=EN-US>'5f'</span><span style='font-family:����'>���ʾ��ǰ</span><span
-lang=EN-US>(forward)</span><span style='font-family:����'>��ת�����</span><span
-lang=EN-US>5</span><span style='font-family:����'>ȥ��</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>若是</span><span
+lang=EN-US>'5f'</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>则表示向前</span><span
+lang=EN-US>(forward)</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>跳转到标号</span><span
+lang=EN-US>5</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>去。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 /*</span></p>
@@ -11371,53 +11371,53 @@ lang=EN-US>5</span><span style='font-family:����'>ȥ��</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ע��</span><span lang=EN-US>! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������γ����У�</span><span lang=EN-US>486</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ӧ�ý�λ</span><span lang=EN-US>16</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��λ���Լ���ڳ����û�ģʽ�µ�д����</span><span lang=EN-US>,</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>注意</span><span lang=EN-US>! </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>在下面这段程序中，</span><span lang=EN-US>486</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>应该将位</span><span lang=EN-US>16</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>置位，以检查在超级用户模式下的写保护</span><span lang=EN-US>,</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�˺�</span><span lang=EN-US> &quot;verify_area()&quot; </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���þͲ���Ҫ�ˡ�</span><span lang=EN-US>486</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���û�ͨ��Ҳ���뽫</span><span lang=EN-US>NE(#5)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��λ���Ա�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>此后</span><span lang=EN-US> &quot;verify_area()&quot; </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>调用就不需要了。</span><span lang=EN-US>486</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的用户通常也会想将</span><span lang=EN-US>NE(#5)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>置位，以便</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ѧЭ�������ĳ���ʹ��</span><span lang=EN-US>int 16</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>对数学协处理器的出错使用</span><span lang=EN-US>int 16</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ԭע�����ᵽ��</span><span lang=EN-US>486 CPU</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>CR0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ƼĴ�����λ</span><span lang=EN-US>16</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��д������־</span><span lang=EN-US>WP</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>Write-Protect</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>上面原注释中提到的</span><span lang=EN-US>486 CPU</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中</span><span lang=EN-US>CR0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>控制寄存器的位</span><span lang=EN-US>16</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>是写保护标志</span><span lang=EN-US>WP</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>（</span><span lang=EN-US>Write-Protect</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>），</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڽ�ֹ�����û����ĳ�����һ���û�ֻ��ҳ���н���д�������ñ�־��Ҫ���ڲ���ϵͳ�ڴ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>用于禁止超级用户级的程序向一般用户只读页面中进行写操作。该标志主要用于操作系统在创建</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�½���ʱʵ��дʱ���ƣ�</span><span lang=EN-US>copy-on-write</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>新进程时实现写时复制（</span><span lang=EN-US>copy-on-write</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）方法。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������γ���</span><span lang=EN-US>43-65</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ڼ����ѧЭ������оƬ�Ƿ���ڡ��������޸Ŀ��ƼĴ���</span><span lang=EN-US>CR0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面这段程序（</span><span lang=EN-US>43-65</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）用于检查数学协处理器芯片是否存在。方法是修改控制寄存器</span><span lang=EN-US>CR0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，在</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������Э�������������ִ��һ��Э������ָ���������Ļ���˵��Э������оƬ�����ڣ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>假设存在协处理器的情况下执行一个协处理器指令，如果出错的话则说明协处理器芯片不存在，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ҫ����</span><span lang=EN-US>CR0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�е�Э����������λ</span><span lang=EN-US>EM</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��λ</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������λЭ���������ڱ�־</span><span lang=EN-US>MP</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��λ</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>需要设置</span><span lang=EN-US>CR0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中的协处理器仿真位</span><span lang=EN-US>EM</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>（位</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>），并复位协处理器存在标志</span><span lang=EN-US>MP</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>（位</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
@@ -11445,8 +11445,8 @@ call check_x87</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmp after_page_tables&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ת��</span><span lang=EN-US>135</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�С�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>跳转到</span><span lang=EN-US>135</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 </span></p>
@@ -11463,33 +11463,33 @@ style='font-family:����'>�С�</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������</span><span lang=EN-US>ET</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��־����ȷ�������</span><span lang=EN-US>287/387</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>我们依赖于</span><span lang=EN-US>ET</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>标志的正确性来检测</span><span lang=EN-US>287/387</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>存在与否。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>fninit</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>fstsw</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ѧЭ��������</span><span lang=EN-US>80287/80387</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ָ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面</span><span lang=EN-US>fninit</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>fstsw</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>是数学协处理器（</span><span lang=EN-US>80287/80387</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）的指令。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # finit </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Э������������ʼ����������Э����������һ��δ����ǰ����Ӱ�����֪״̬������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>向协处理器发出初始化命令，它会把协处理器置于一个未受以前操作影响的已知状态，设置</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ΪĬ��ֵ�����״̬�ֺ����и���ջʽ�Ĵ������ǵȴ���ʽ������ָ�</span><span
-lang=EN-US>fninit</span><span style='font-family:����'>��������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>其控制字为默认值、清除状态字和所有浮点栈式寄存器。非等待形式的这条指令（</span><span
+lang=EN-US>fninit</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>）还会让</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Э��������ִֹ�е�ǰ����ִ�е��κ���ǰ������������</span><span lang=EN-US>fstsw </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ��ȡЭ��������״̬�֡����ϵ</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>协处理器终止执行当前正在执行的任何先前的算术操作。</span><span lang=EN-US>fstsw </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指令取协处理器的状态字。如果系</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ͳ�д���Э�������Ļ�����ô��ִ����</span><span lang=EN-US>fninit</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ�����״̬�ֵ��ֽڿ϶�Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>统中存在协处理器的话，那么在执行了</span><span lang=EN-US>fninit</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指令后其状态字低字节肯定为</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
@@ -11498,18 +11498,18 @@ check_x87:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 fninit&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span><span style='font-family:����'>��Э������������ʼ�����</span></p>
+# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>向协处理器发出初始化命令。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 fstsw %ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:����'>ȡЭ������״̬�ֵ�</span><span
-lang=EN-US>ax</span><span style='font-family:����'>�Ĵ����С�</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>取协处理器状态字到</span><span
+lang=EN-US>ax</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>寄存器中。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmpb
 $0,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ʼ����״̬��Ӧ��Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������˵��Э�����������ڡ�</span></p>
+# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>初始化后状态字应该为</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，否则说明协处理器不存在。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 je
@@ -11518,9 +11518,9 @@ je
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 movl %cr0,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;#
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>�����������ǰ��ת�����</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���������д</span><span lang=EN-US>cr0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>如果存在则向前跳转到标号</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处，否则改写</span><span lang=EN-US>cr0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 xorl
@@ -11536,32 +11536,32 @@ ret</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������һ�������ָʾ�����京����ָ�洢�߽���������</span><span lang=EN-US>&quot;2&quot;</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʾ�����Ĵ�������ݵ�ƫ��λ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面是一汇编语言指示符。其含义是指存储边界对齐调整。</span><span lang=EN-US>&quot;2&quot;</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>表示把随后的代码或数据的偏移位置</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������ֵַ���</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����λΪ���λ�ã�</span><span lang=EN-US>2^2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڷ�ʽ�����ڴ��ַ����������</span><span lang=EN-US>GNU as</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>调整到地址值最后</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>比特位为零的位置（</span><span lang=EN-US>2^2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>），即按</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节方式对齐内存地址。不过现在</span><span lang=EN-US>GNU as</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ֱ��ʱд�������ֵ����</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ĵη�ֵ�ˡ�ʹ�ø�ָʾ����Ŀ����Ϊ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>CPU</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ڴ��д���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>直接时写出对齐的值而非</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的次方值了。使用该指示符的目的是为了提高</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>CPU</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>访问内存中代码</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ݵ��ٶȺ�Ч�ʡ��μ���������ϸ˵����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>或数据的速度和效率。参见程序后的详细说明。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������ֽ�ֵ��</span><span lang=EN-US>80287</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Э������ָ��</span><span lang=EN-US>fsetpm</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ļ����롣�������ǰ�</span><span lang=EN-US>80287</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����Ϊ����ģʽ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面的两个字节值是</span><span lang=EN-US>80287</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>协处理器指令</span><span lang=EN-US>fsetpm</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的机器码。其作用是把</span><span lang=EN-US>80287</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>设置为保护模式。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 80387</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ָ����ҽ���Ѹ�ָ����ǿղ�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>无需该指令，并且将会把该指令看作是空操作。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
@@ -11572,7 +11572,7 @@ style='font-family:����'>�����ָ����ҽ���Ѹ
 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;.byte
 0xDB,0xE4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*
 fsetpm for 287, ignored by 387 */&nbsp; # 287</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>Э�������롣</span></p>
+宋体'>协处理器码。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ret</span></p>
@@ -11616,54 +11616,54 @@ ret</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������������ж����������ӳ���</span><span lang=EN-US> setup_idt</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面这段是设置中断描述符表子程序</span><span lang=EN-US> setup_idt</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ж���������</span><span lang=EN-US>idt</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���óɾ���</span><span lang=EN-US>256</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ָ��</span><span lang=EN-US>ignore_int</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ж��š�Ȼ������ж�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>将中断描述符表</span><span lang=EN-US>idt</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>设置成具有</span><span lang=EN-US>256</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个项，并都指向</span><span lang=EN-US>ignore_int</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中断门。然后加载中断</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���������Ĵ���</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>lidt</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ��</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ʵ�õ��ж����Ժ��ٰ�װ���������������ط���Ϊһ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>描述符表寄存器</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>用</span><span lang=EN-US>lidt</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指令</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。真正实用的中断门以后再安装。当我们在其他地方认为一切</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ʱ�ٿ����жϡ����ӳ��򽫻ᱻҳ�����ǵ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>都正常时再开启中断。该子程序将会被页表覆盖掉。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ж����������е�����ȻҲ��</span><span lang=EN-US>8</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽ���ɣ������ʽ��ȫ�ֱ��еĲ�ͬ������Ϊ��������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>中断描述符表中的项虽然也是</span><span lang=EN-US>8</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节组成，但其格式与全局表中的不同，被称为门描述符</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # (Gate Descriptor)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>0-1,6-7</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽ���ƫ������</span><span lang=EN-US>2-3</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽ���ѡ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>4-5</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽ���һЩ��־��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>。它的</span><span lang=EN-US>0-1,6-7</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节是偏移量，</span><span lang=EN-US>2-3</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节是选择符，</span><span lang=EN-US>4-5</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节是一些标志。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��δ���������</span><span lang=EN-US>edx</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������ó�</span><span lang=EN-US>8</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽ�Ĭ�ϵ��ж�������ֵ��Ȼ����</span><span lang=EN-US>idt</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ÿһ����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>这段代码首先在</span><span lang=EN-US>edx</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中组合设置出</span><span lang=EN-US>8</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节默认的中断描述符值，然后在</span><span lang=EN-US>idt</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>表每一项中</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ø�����������</span><span lang=EN-US>256</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������������</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڣ�</span><span lang=EN-US>edx</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���и�</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڡ��ں������ĳ�ʼ</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>都放置该描述符，共</span><span lang=EN-US>256</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>项。</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>含有描述符低</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节，</span><span lang=EN-US>edx</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>含有高</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节。内核在随后的初始</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������л��滻��װ��Щ����ʵ�õ��ж��������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>化过程中会替换安装那些真正实用的中断描述符项。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
@@ -11672,16 +11672,16 @@ setup_idt:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lea ignore_int,%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ignore_int</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����Ч��ַ��ƫ��ֵ��ֵ</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
-Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>edx</span><span style='font-family:����'>�Ĵ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>将</span><span lang=EN-US>ignore_int</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的有效地址（偏移值）值</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
+Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>edx</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>寄存器</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 movl $0x00080000,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ѡ���</span><span lang=EN-US>0x0008</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ĸ�</span><span lang=EN-US>16</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ�С�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>将选择符</span><span lang=EN-US>0x0008</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>置入</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的高</span><span lang=EN-US>16</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位中。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 movw
@@ -11689,15 +11689,15 @@ movw
 /* selector = 0x0008 = cs */ </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:����'>ƫ��ֵ�ĵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>16</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ����</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ĵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>16</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ�С���ʱ</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>偏移值的低</span><span lang=EN-US>16</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位置入</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的低</span><span lang=EN-US>16</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位中。此时</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>含有</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:����'>����������</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڵ�ֵ��</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>门描述符低</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节的值。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 movw $0x8E00,%dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*
@@ -11705,13 +11705,13 @@ interrupt gate - dpl=0, present */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>��ʱ</span><span lang=EN-US>edx</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������������</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڵ�ֵ��</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>此时</span><span lang=EN-US>edx</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>含有门描述符高</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节的值。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lea _idt,%edi&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;# _idt</span><span style='font-family:����'>���ж����������ĵ�ַ��</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;# _idt</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>是中断描述符表的地址。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov $256,%ecx</span></p>
@@ -11721,16 +11721,16 @@ rp_sidt:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 movl %eax,(%edi)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ж���������������С�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>将哑中断门描述符存入表中。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 movl %edx,4(%edi)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # eax</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ݷŵ�</span> <span lang=EN-US>edi+4 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ָ�ڴ�λ�ô���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>内容放到</span> <span lang=EN-US>edi+4 </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>所指内存位置处。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 addl $8,%edi&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;# edi</span><span style='font-family:����'>ָ�������һ�</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;# edi</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>指向表中下一项。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 dec %ecx</span></p>
@@ -11740,7 +11740,7 @@ jne rp_sidt</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lidt idt_descr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;#
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>�����ж����������Ĵ���ֵ��</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>加载中断描述符表寄存器值。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ret</span></p>
@@ -11781,18 +11781,18 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp; */</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ȫ������������</span> <span lang=EN-US>setup_gdt</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>设置全局描述符表项</span> <span lang=EN-US>setup_gdt</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ӳ�������һ���µ�ȫ����������</span><span lang=EN-US>gdt</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ء���ʱ�����������������ǰ</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>这个子程序设置一个新的全局描述符表</span><span lang=EN-US>gdt</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，并加载。此时仅创建了两个表项，与前</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���һ�������ӳ���ֻ�����У����ǳ��ġ����ӣ����Ե�Ȼ��Ҫ��ô����ע����</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>面的一样。该子程序只有两行，“非常的”复杂，所以当然需要这么长的注释了</span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ӳ��򽫱�ҳ�����ǵ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>该子程序将被页表覆盖掉。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -11802,9 +11802,9 @@ lang=EN-US> setup_gdt:</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; lgdt gdt_descr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>����ȫ�����������Ĵ���</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span style='font-family:����'>���������úã���</span><span
-lang=EN-US>234-238</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+宋体'>加载全局描述符表寄存器</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>内容已设置好，见</span><span
+lang=EN-US>234-238</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>行</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>107</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
@@ -11829,55 +11829,55 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp; * more than 16MB will have to expand this.</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* Linus</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ں˵��ڴ�ҳ��ֱ�ӷ���ҳĿ¼֮��ʹ����</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������Ѱַ</span><span lang=EN-US>16 MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ڴ档</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>将内核的内存页表直接放在页目录之后，使用了</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个表来寻址</span><span lang=EN-US>16 MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的物理内存。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ж���</span><span lang=EN-US>16 Mb</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڴ棬����Ҫ��������������޸ġ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>如果你有多于</span><span lang=EN-US>16 Mb</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的内存，就需要在这里进行扩充修改。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ÿ��ҳ����Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>4 Kb</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڣ�</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ҳ�ڴ�ҳ�棩����ÿ��ҳ������Ҫ</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ֽڣ����һ��ҳ�������Դ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>每个页表长为</span><span lang=EN-US>4 Kb</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节（</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>页内存页面），而每个页表项需要</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个字节，因此一个页表共可以存放</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 1024</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������һ��ҳ����Ѱַ</span><span lang=EN-US>4 KB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ĵ�ַ�ռ䣬��һ��ҳ���Ϳ���Ѱַ</span><span lang=EN-US>4 MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ڴ档</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>个表项。如果一个页表项寻址</span><span lang=EN-US>4 KB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的地址空间，则一个页表就可以寻址</span><span lang=EN-US>4 MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的物理内存。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ҳ����ĸ�ʽΪ�����ǰ</span><span lang=EN-US>0-11</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ���һЩ��־�������Ƿ����ڴ���</span><span lang=EN-US>(P</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>0)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����д����</span><span lang=EN-US>(R/W</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>1)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>页表项的格式为：项的前</span><span lang=EN-US>0-11</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位存放一些标志，例如是否在内存中</span><span lang=EN-US>(P</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>0)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>、读写许可</span><span lang=EN-US>(R/W</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>1)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>、</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ͨ�û����ǳ����û�ʹ��</span><span lang=EN-US>(U/S</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>2)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���Ƿ��޸Ĺ�</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ƿ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>)(D</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>6)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ȣ������λ</span><span lang=EN-US>12-31</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>普通用户还是超级用户使用</span><span lang=EN-US>(U/S</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>2)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>、是否修改过</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>是否脏了</span><span lang=EN-US>)(D</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>6)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>等；表项的位</span><span lang=EN-US>12-31</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>是</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ҳ���ַ������ָ��һҳ�ڴ��������ʼ��ַ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>页框地址，用于指出一页内存的物理起始地址。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> .org 0x1000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ƫ��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x1000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ʼ�ǵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ҳ����ƫ��</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʼ�������ҳ��Ŀ¼����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>从偏移</span><span lang=EN-US>0x1000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处开始是第</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个页表（偏移</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>开始处将存放页表目录）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>115</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> pg0:</span></p>
@@ -11910,8 +11910,8 @@ lang=EN-US> pg3:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>126</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> .org 0x5000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������ڴ����ݿ��ƫ��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x5000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ʼ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>定义下面的内存数据块从偏移</span><span lang=EN-US>0x5000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处开始。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>127</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> /*</span></p>
@@ -11931,13 +11931,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp; * on a 64kB border.</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ֱ�Ӵ洢�����ʣ����ܷ��ʻ����ʱ�������</span><span lang=EN-US>tmp_floppy_area</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ڴ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>当</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>（直接存储器访问）不能访问缓冲块时，下面的</span><span lang=EN-US>tmp_floppy_area</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>内存块</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ϳɹ�������������ʹ�á����ַ��Ҫ��������������Ͳ����Խ</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�߽硣</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>就可供软盘驱动程序使用。其地址需要对齐调整，这样就不会跨越</span><span lang=EN-US>64KB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>边界。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -11946,66 +11946,66 @@ lang=EN-US> _tmp_floppy_area:</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .fill 1024,1,0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:����'>������</span><span
-lang=EN-US>1024</span><span style='font-family:����'>�ÿ��</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڣ������ֵ</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>共保留</span><span
+lang=EN-US>1024</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>项，每项</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节，填充数值</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>134 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����⼸����ջ��������Ϊ��ת��</span><span lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�е�</span><span lang=EN-US>main()</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������׼����������</span><span lang=EN-US>139</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面这几个入栈操作用于为跳转到</span><span lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中的</span><span lang=EN-US>main()</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>函数作准备工作。第</span><span lang=EN-US>139</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行上</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ָ����ջ��ѹ���˷��ص�ַ������</span><span lang=EN-US>140</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ѹ����</span><span lang=EN-US>main()</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������ĵ�ַ����</span><span lang=EN-US>head.s</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>的指令在栈中压入了返回地址，而第</span><span lang=EN-US>140</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行则压入了</span><span lang=EN-US>main()</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>函数代码的地址。当</span><span lang=EN-US>head.s</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ڵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>218</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ִ��</span><span lang=EN-US>ret</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ��ʱ�ͻᵯ��</span><span lang=EN-US>main()</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ĵ�ַ�����ѿ���Ȩת�Ƶ�</span><span lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>最后在第</span><span lang=EN-US>218</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行执行</span><span lang=EN-US>ret</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指令时就会弹出</span><span lang=EN-US>main()</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的地址，并把控制权转移到</span><span lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����С��μ���</span><span lang=EN-US>3</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����й�</span><span lang=EN-US>C</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������û��Ƶ�˵����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序中。参见第</span><span lang=EN-US>3</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>章中有关</span><span lang=EN-US>C</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>函数调用机制的说明。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ǰ��</span><span lang=EN-US>3</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ջ</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ֵӦ�÷ֱ��ʾ</span><span lang=EN-US>envp</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>argv</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ���</span><span lang=EN-US>argc</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ֵ����</span><span lang=EN-US>main()</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>û���õ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>前面</span><span lang=EN-US>3</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个入栈</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>值应该分别表示</span><span lang=EN-US>envp</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>argv</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指针和</span><span lang=EN-US>argc</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的值，但</span><span lang=EN-US>main()</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>没有用到。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 139</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�е���ջ������ģ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>main.c</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ʱ���Ƚ����ص�ַ��ջ�Ĳ������������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>行的入栈操作是模拟调用</span><span lang=EN-US>main.c</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序时首先将返回地址入栈的操作，所以如果</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # main.c</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������˳�ʱ���ͻ᷵�ص�����ı��</span><span lang=EN-US>L6</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ִ����ȥ��Ҳ����ѭ����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序真的退出时，就会返回到这里的标号</span><span lang=EN-US>L6</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处继续执行下去，也即死循环。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 140</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�н�</span><span lang=EN-US>main.c</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ĵ�ַѹ���ջ�������������÷�ҳ������</span><span lang=EN-US>setup_paging</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>行将</span><span lang=EN-US>main.c</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的地址压入堆栈，这样，在设置分页处理（</span><span lang=EN-US>setup_paging</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）结束后</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ִ��</span><span lang=EN-US>'ret'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ָ��ʱ�ͻὫ</span><span lang=EN-US>main.c</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ĵ�ַ������ջ����ȥִ��</span><span lang=EN-US>main.c</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ˡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>执行</span><span lang=EN-US>'ret'</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>返回指令时就会将</span><span lang=EN-US>main.c</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序的地址弹出堆栈，并去执行</span><span lang=EN-US>main.c</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序了。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�й�</span><span lang=EN-US>C</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������û�����μ�������˵����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>有关</span><span lang=EN-US>C</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>函数调用机制请参见程序后的说明。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>135</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> after_page_tables:</span></p>
@@ -12017,15 +12017,15 @@ $0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl $0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:����'>��Щ�ǵ���</span><span
-lang=EN-US>main</span><span style='font-family:����'>����Ĳ�����ָ</span><span
-lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>这些是调用</span><span
+lang=EN-US>main</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>程序的参数（指</span><span
+lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl
 $0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>���е�</span><span lang=EN-US>'$'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ű�ʾ����һ��������������</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>其中的</span><span lang=EN-US>'$'</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>符号表示这是一个立即操作数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl
@@ -12035,13 +12035,13 @@ $L6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl
 $_main&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# '_main'</span><span style='font-family:����'>�Ǳ�������</span><span lang=EN-US>main</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڲ���ʾ������</span></p>
+# '_main'</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>是编译程序对</span><span lang=EN-US>main</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的内部表示方法。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp setup_paging&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ת����</span><span
-lang=EN-US>198</span><span style='font-family:����'>�С�</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>跳转至第</span><span
+lang=EN-US>198</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>行。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> L6:</span></p>
@@ -12056,10 +12056,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 # just in case, we know what happens.</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# main</span><span style='font-family:����'>������Բ�Ӧ�÷��ص��������Ϊ���Է���һ��</span></p>
+# main</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>程序绝对不应该返回到这里。不过为了以防万一，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span><span style='font-family:����'>���������˸���䡣�������Ǿ�֪������ʲô�����ˡ�</span></p>
+# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>所以添加了该语句。这样我们就知道发生什么问题了。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>145 </span></p>
 
@@ -12067,7 +12067,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US> /* This is the default interrupt &quot;handler&quot; :-) */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������Ĭ�ϵ��жϡ����������</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面是默认的中断“向量句柄”</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
 Wingdings'>J</span><span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
@@ -12076,14 +12076,14 @@ lang=EN-US> int_msg:</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .asciz
 &quot;Unknown interrupt\n\r&quot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ַ�����δ֪�ж�</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�س�����</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>定义字符串“未知中断</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>回车换行</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>”。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> .align 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڷ�ʽ�����ڴ��ַ��</span></p>
+&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>按</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节方式对齐内存地址。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> ignore_int:</span></p>
@@ -12099,24 +12099,24 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl %edx</span></p
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; push %ds&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:����'>������ע�⣡��</span><span lang=EN-US>ds,es,fs,gs</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����Ȼ��</span><span lang=EN-US>16</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ�ļĴ���������ջ��</span></p>
+&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>这里请注意！！</span><span lang=EN-US>ds,es,fs,gs</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>等虽然是</span><span lang=EN-US>16</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位的寄存器，但入栈后</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; push %es&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:����'>��Ȼ����</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ����ʽ��ջ��Ҳ����Ҫռ��</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ֽڵĶ�ջ�ռ䡣</span></p>
+&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>仍然会以</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位的形式入栈，也即需要占用</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个字节的堆栈空间。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; push %fs</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl $0x10,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:����'>�ö�ѡ�����ʹ</span><span lang=EN-US>ds,es,fs</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ��</span><span lang=EN-US>gdt</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���е����ݶΣ���</span></p>
+&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>置段选择符（使</span><span lang=EN-US>ds,es,fs</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指向</span><span lang=EN-US>gdt</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>表中的数据段）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%ds</span></p>
@@ -12129,29 +12129,29 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%fs</span></
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl
-$int_msg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span style='font-family:����'>�ѵ���</span><span
-lang=EN-US>printk</span><span style='font-family:����'>�����Ĳ���ָ�루��ַ����ջ��ע�⣡��</span><span
+$int_msg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>把调用</span><span
+lang=EN-US>printk</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>函数的参数指针（地址）入栈。注意！若</span><span
 lang=EN-US>int_msg</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call
 _printk&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>ǰ����</span><span lang=EN-US>'$'</span><span style='font-family:����'>�����ʾ��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>int_msg</span><span style='font-family:����'>���Ŵ��ĳ��֣�</span><span
-lang=EN-US>'Unkn'</span><span style='font-family:����'>����ջ</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+宋体'>前不加</span><span lang=EN-US>'$'</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>，则表示把</span><span
+lang=EN-US>int_msg</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>符号处的长字（</span><span
+lang=EN-US>'Unkn'</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>）入栈</span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; popl
 %eax&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ú�����</span><span lang=EN-US>/kernel/printk.c</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�С�</span><span lang=EN-US>'_printk'</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>printk</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ģ����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>该函数在</span><span lang=EN-US>/kernel/printk.c</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中。</span><span lang=EN-US>'_printk'</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>是</span><span lang=EN-US>printk</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>编译后模块中</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pop %fs&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>���ڲ���ʾ����</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>的内部表示法。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pop %es</span></p>
@@ -12170,9 +12170,9 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; popl %eax</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; iret&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:����'>�жϷ��أ����жϵ���ʱѹ��ջ��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span><span style='font-family:����'>��־�Ĵ�����</span><span
-lang=EN-US>32</span><span style='font-family:����'>λ��ֵҲ��������</span></p>
+&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>中断返回（把中断调用时压入栈的</span><span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>标志寄存器（</span><span
+lang=EN-US>32</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>位）值也弹出）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>171 </span></p>
 
@@ -12256,107 +12256,107 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp; */</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ӳ���ͨ�����ÿ��ƼĴ���</span><span lang=EN-US>cr0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ı�־��</span><span lang=EN-US>PG </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ</span><span lang=EN-US>31</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����������ڴ�ķ�ҳ�������ܣ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>这个子程序通过设置控制寄存器</span><span lang=EN-US>cr0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的标志（</span><span lang=EN-US>PG </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位</span><span lang=EN-US>31</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）来启动对内存的分页处理功能，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ø���ҳ��������ݣ��Ժ��ӳ��ǰ</span><span lang=EN-US>16 MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ڴ档��ҳ���ٶ���������Ƿ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>并设置各个页表项的内容，以恒等映射前</span><span lang=EN-US>16 MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的物理内存。分页器假定不会产生非法的</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ַӳ�䣨Ҳ����ֻ��</span><span lang=EN-US>4Mb</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ļ��������ó�����</span><span lang=EN-US>4Mb</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڴ��ַ����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>地址映射（也即在只有</span><span lang=EN-US>4Mb</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的机器上设置出大于</span><span lang=EN-US>4Mb</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的内存地址）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ע�⣡�������е�������ַ��Ӧ��������ӳ�����к��ӳ�䣬��ֻ���ں�ҳ�����������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>注意！尽管所有的物理地址都应该由这个子程序进行恒等映射，但只有内核页面管理函数能</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ֱ��ʹ��</span><span lang=EN-US>&gt;1Mb</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ĵ�ַ�����С���ͨ��������ʹ�õ���</span><span lang=EN-US>1Mb</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ĵ�ַ�ռ䣬������ʹ�þֲ�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>直接使用</span><span lang=EN-US>&gt;1Mb</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的地址。所有“普通”函数仅使用低于</span><span lang=EN-US>1Mb</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的地址空间，或者是使用局部数据</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ռ䣬�õ�ַ�ռ佫��ӳ�䵽����һЩ�ط�ȥ</span><span lang=EN-US> -- mm</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڴ�������򣩻������Щ�µġ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>空间，该地址空间将被映射到其他一些地方去</span><span lang=EN-US> -- mm</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>（内存管理程序）会管理这些事的。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������Щ�ж���</span><span lang=EN-US>16Mb</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ڴ�ļһ�</span> <span lang=EN-US>�C </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����̫�����ˣ��һ�û�У�Ϊʲô�����</span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span><span style='font-family:����'>���������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>对于那些有多于</span><span lang=EN-US>16Mb</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>内存的家伙</span> <span lang=EN-US>– </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>真是太幸运了，我还没有，为什么你会有</span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>。代码就在</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������������޸İɡ���ʵ���ϣ��Ⲣ��̫���ѵġ�ͨ��ֻ���޸�һЩ�����ȡ��Ұ�������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>这里，对它进行修改吧。（实际上，这并不太困难的。通常只需修改一些常数等。我把它设置</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>16Mb</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����Ϊ�ҵĻ�������ô�����������ܳ���������ޣ���Ȼ���ҵĻ����Ǻܱ��˵�</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>为</span><span lang=EN-US>16Mb</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，因为我的机器再怎么扩充甚至不能超过这个界限（当然，我的机器是很便宜的</span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���Ѿ�ͨ������ĳ���־��������Ҫ�Ķ��ĵط���������</span><span lang=EN-US>16Mb��</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������Ҳ��ܱ�֤����Щ</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>我已经通过设置某类标志来给出需要改动的地方（搜索“</span><span lang=EN-US>16Mb”</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>），但我不能保证作这些</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ķ�������</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>L</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>改动就行了</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>L</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����Ӣ��ע�͵�</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�εĺ�����ָ�ڻ��������ڴ��д���</span><span lang=EN-US>1MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڴ�ռ���Ҫ���������ڴ�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>上面英文注释第</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>段的含义是指在机器物理内存中大于</span><span lang=EN-US>1MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的内存空间主要被用于主内存区。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڴ����ռ���</span><span lang=EN-US>mm</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ģ����������漰��ҳ��ӳ��������ں�����������������������ָ��һ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>主内存区空间由</span><span lang=EN-US>mm</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>模块管理。它涉及到页面映射操作。内核中所有其他函数就是这里指的一般</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ͨ����������Ҫʹ�����ڴ�����ҳ�棬����Ҫʹ��</span><span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ⱥ�����ȡ����Ϊ����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>（普通）函数。若要使用主内存区的页面，就需要使用</span><span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>等函数获取。因为主内</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ڴ�ҳ���ǹ�����Դ�������г������ͳһ�����Ա�����Դ���ú;�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>存区中内存页面是共享资源，必须有程序进行统一管理以避免资源争用和竞争。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ڴ�������ַ</span><span lang=EN-US>0x0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ʼ���</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ҳҳĿ¼����</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ҳҳ����ҳĿ¼����ϵͳ���н��̹��õģ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>在内存物理地址</span><span lang=EN-US>0x0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处开始存放</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>页页目录表和</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>页页表。页目录表是系统所有进程公用的，而</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ҳҳ���������ں�ר�ã�����һһӳ�����Ե�ַ��ʼ</span><span lang=EN-US>16MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ռ䷶Χ�������ڴ��ϡ�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>这里的</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>页页表则属于内核专用，它们一一映射线性地址起始</span><span lang=EN-US>16MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>空间范围到物理内存上。对于</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�µĽ��̣�ϵͳ�������ڴ���Ϊ������ҳ����ҳ�������⣬</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ҳ�ڴ泤����</span><span lang=EN-US>4096</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>新的进程，系统会在主内存区为其申请页面存放页表。另外，</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>页内存长度是</span><span lang=EN-US>4096</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>197</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> .align 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڷ�ʽ�����ڴ��ַ�߽硣</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>按</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节方式对齐内存地址边界。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>198</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> setup_paging:&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>���ȶ�</span><span lang=EN-US>5</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ҳ�ڴ棨</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ҳĿ¼</span><span lang=EN-US> + 4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ҳҳ�������㡣</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>首先对</span><span lang=EN-US>5</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>页内存（</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>页目录</span><span lang=EN-US> + 4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>页页表）清零。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>199</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl $1024*5,%ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -12371,46 +12371,46 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xorl
 /* pg_dir is at 0x000 */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span><span style='font-family:����'>ҳĿ¼��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ַ��ʼ��</span></p>
+# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>页目录从</span><span lang=EN-US>0x000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>地址开始。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>202</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cld;rep;stosl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# eax</span><span style='font-family:����'>���ݴ浽</span><span lang=EN-US>es:edi</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ָ�ڴ�λ�ô�����</span><span lang=EN-US>edi</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>��</span></p>
+# eax</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>内容存到</span><span lang=EN-US>es:edi</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>所指内存位置处，且</span><span lang=EN-US>edi</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>增</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ҳĿ¼���е����Ϊ���ǣ��ںˣ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ҳ������ֻ������</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>句设置页目录表中的项，因为我们（内核）共有</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个页表所以只需设置</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>项。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ҳĿ¼��Ľṹ��ҳ������Ľṹһ����</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ֽ�Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��μ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>113</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���µ�˵����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>页目录项的结构与页表中项的结构一样，</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个字节为</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>项。参见上面</span><span lang=EN-US>113</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行下的说明。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>&quot;$pg0+7&quot;</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʾ��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x00001007</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ҳĿ¼���еĵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>例如</span><span lang=EN-US>&quot;$pg0+7&quot;</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>表示：</span><span lang=EN-US>0x00001007</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，是页目录表中的第</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>项。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ҳ�����ڵĵ�ַ</span> <span lang=EN-US>= 0x00001007 &amp;
-0xfffff000 = 0x1000</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>则第</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个页表所在的地址</span> <span lang=EN-US>= 0x00001007 &amp;
+0xfffff000 = 0x1000</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>��ҳ�������Ա�־</span><span lang=EN-US> = 0x00001007 &amp; 0x00000fff = 0x07</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ʾ��ҳ���ڡ��û��ɶ�д��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>第</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>个页表的属性标志</span><span lang=EN-US> = 0x00001007 &amp; 0x00000fff = 0x07</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，表示该页存在、用户可读写。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>203</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
@@ -12435,37 +12435,37 @@ $pg3+7,_pg_dir+12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;/*&nbsp; --------- &quot; &quot;
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>6</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����д</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ҳ��������������ݣ����У�</span><span lang=EN-US>4(</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ҳ��</span><span lang=EN-US>)*1024(</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>/</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>ҳ��</span><span lang=EN-US>)=4096</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>(0 - 0xfff)</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面</span><span lang=EN-US>6</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行填写</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>个页表中所有项的内容，共有：</span><span lang=EN-US>4(</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>页表</span><span lang=EN-US>)*1024(</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>项</span><span lang=EN-US>/</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>页表</span><span lang=EN-US>)=4096</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>项</span><span
+lang=EN-US>(0 - 0xfff)</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ҳ����ӳ�������ڴ�</span><span lang=EN-US> 4096*4Kb = 16Mb</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>也即能映射物理内存</span><span lang=EN-US> 4096*4Kb = 16Mb</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ÿ��������ǣ���ǰ����ӳ��������ڴ��ַ</span><span lang=EN-US> + </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ҳ�ı�־�������Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>7</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>每项的内容是：当前项所映射的物理内存地址</span><span lang=EN-US> + </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>该页的标志（这里均为</span><span lang=EN-US>7</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ʹ�õķ����Ǵ����һ��ҳ�������һ�ʼ������˳����д��һ��ҳ�������һ����ҳ���е�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>使用的方法是从最后一个页表的最后一项开始按倒退顺序填写。一个页表的最后一项在页表中的</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ����</span><span lang=EN-US>1023*4 = 4092</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������һҳ�����һ���λ�þ���</span><span lang=EN-US>$pg3+4092</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span> </p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>位置是</span><span lang=EN-US>1023*4 = 4092</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。因此最后一页的最后一项的位置就是</span><span lang=EN-US>$pg3+4092</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span> </p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>207</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
 $pg3+4092,%edi&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # edi</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span style='font-family:����'>���һҳ�����һ�</span></p>
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>最后一页的最后一项。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>208</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
@@ -12473,22 +12473,22 @@ $0xfff007,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*&nbsp; 16Mb - 4096 +
 7 (r/w user,p) */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span><span style='font-family:����'>���</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���Ӧ�����ڴ�ҳ��ĵ�ַ��</span><span lang=EN-US>0xfff000</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>最后</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>项对应物理内存页面的地址是</span><span lang=EN-US>0xfff000</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span><span style='font-family:����'>�������Ա�־</span><span lang=EN-US>7</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>0xfff007</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>加上属性标志</span><span lang=EN-US>7</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，即为</span><span lang=EN-US>0xfff007</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>209</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 std&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span><span style='font-family:����'>����λ��λ��</span><span lang=EN-US>edi</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ֵ�ݼ�</span><span lang=EN-US>(4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽ�</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>方向位置位，</span><span lang=EN-US>edi</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>值递减</span><span lang=EN-US>(4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>210</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -12498,25 +12498,25 @@ stosl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>211</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; subl $0x1000,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>ÿ��д��һ�������ֵַ��</span><span lang=EN-US>0x1000</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>��</span></p>
+宋体'>每填写好一项，物理地址值减</span><span lang=EN-US>0x1000</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>212</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jge 1b&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���С��</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��˵��ȫ��д���ˡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>如果小于</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>则说明全添写好了。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ҳĿ¼����ַ�Ĵ���</span><span lang=EN-US>cr3</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ֵ��ָ��ҳĿ¼����</span><span lang=EN-US>cr3</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�б������ҳĿ¼����������ַ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>设置页目录表基址寄存器</span><span lang=EN-US>cr3</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的值，指向页目录表。</span><span lang=EN-US>cr3</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中保存的是页目录表的物理地址。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xorl
 %eax,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* pg_dir is at 0x0000 */&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span style='font-family:����'>ҳĿ¼����</span><span
-lang=EN-US>0x0000</span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+/* pg_dir is at 0x0000 */&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>页目录表在</span><span
+lang=EN-US>0x0000</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>处。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>214</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
@@ -12524,10 +12524,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
 /* cr3 - page directory start */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������ʹ�÷�ҳ������</span><span lang=EN-US>cr0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>PG</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��־��λ</span><span lang=EN-US>31</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>设置启动使用分页处理（</span><span lang=EN-US>cr0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的</span><span lang=EN-US>PG</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>标志，位</span><span lang=EN-US>31</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>215</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl %cr0,%eax</span></p>
@@ -12535,8 +12535,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl %cr0,%eax</span
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>216</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; orl
 $0x80000000,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>PG</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��־��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>添上</span><span lang=EN-US>PG</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>标志。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>217</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
@@ -12551,16 +12551,16 @@ ret&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ڸı��ҳ������־��Ҫ��ʹ��ת��ָ��ˢ��Ԥȡָ����У������õ��Ƿ���ָ��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>ret</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>在改变分页处理标志后要求使用转移指令刷新预取指令队列，这里用的是返回指令</span><span
+lang=EN-US>ret</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�÷���ָ�����һ�������ǽ�</span><span lang=EN-US>140</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ѹ���ջ�е�</span><span lang=EN-US>main</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ĵ�ַ����������ת��</span><span lang=EN-US>/init/main.c</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>该返回指令的另一个作用是将</span><span lang=EN-US>140</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行压入堆栈中的</span><span lang=EN-US>main</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序的地址弹出，并跳转到</span><span lang=EN-US>/init/main.c</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ȥ���С������򵽴˾����������ˡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序去运行。本程序到此就真正结束了。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
@@ -12568,31 +12568,31 @@ style='font-family:����'>����ȥ���С������򵽴
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>220</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> .align 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>4</span><span style='font-family:����'>�ֽڷ�ʽ�����ڴ��ַ�߽硣</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>按</span><span
+lang=EN-US>4</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>字节方式对齐内存地址边界。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>221</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> .word
 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span><span style='font-family:����'>�����ȿճ�</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڣ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>224</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ϵĳ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڶ���ġ�</span></p>
+# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>这里先空出</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节，这样</span><span lang=EN-US>224</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行上的长字是</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节对齐的。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����Ǽ����ж����������Ĵ���</span><span lang=EN-US>idtr</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ָ��</span><span lang=EN-US>lidt</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ҫ���</span><span lang=EN-US>6</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڲ�������ǰ</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽ���</span><span lang=EN-US>idt</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����޳���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面是加载中断描述符表寄存器</span><span lang=EN-US>idtr</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的指令</span><span lang=EN-US>lidt</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>要求的</span><span lang=EN-US>6</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节操作数。前</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节是</span><span lang=EN-US>idt</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>表的限长，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>�ֽ���</span><span lang=EN-US>idt</span><span style='font-family:����'>�������Ե�ַ�ռ��е�</span><span
-lang=EN-US>32</span><span style='font-family:����'>λ����ַ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>后</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>字节是</span><span lang=EN-US>idt</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>表在线性地址空间中的</span><span
+lang=EN-US>32</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>位基地址。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>222</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> idt_descr:</span></p>
@@ -12600,10 +12600,10 @@ lang=EN-US> idt_descr:</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>223</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .word
 256*8-1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# idt contains 256 entries &nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>256</span><span style='font-family:����'>��޳�</span><span lang=EN-US>=</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US> - 1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+# idt contains 256 entries &nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>共</span><span
+lang=EN-US>256</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>项，限长</span><span lang=EN-US>=</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>长度</span><span lang=EN-US> - 1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>224</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .long _idt</span></p>
@@ -12617,25 +12617,25 @@ lang=EN-US> .word 0</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ȫ�����������Ĵ���</span><span lang=EN-US>gdtr</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ָ��</span><span lang=EN-US>lgdt</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ҫ���</span><span lang=EN-US>6</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽڲ�������ǰ</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽ���</span><span lang=EN-US>gdt</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����޳���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面加载全局描述符表寄存器</span><span lang=EN-US>gdtr</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>的指令</span><span lang=EN-US>lgdt</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>要求的</span><span lang=EN-US>6</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节操作数。前</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节是</span><span lang=EN-US>gdt</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>表的限长，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>�ֽ���</span><span lang=EN-US>gdt</span><span style='font-family:����'>�������Ի���ַ������ȫ�ֱ���������Ϊ</span><span
-lang=EN-US>2KB</span><span style='font-family:����'>�ֽڣ�</span><span lang=EN-US>0x7ff</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ɣ�����Ϊÿ</span><span lang=EN-US>8</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>后</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>字节是</span><span lang=EN-US>gdt</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>表的线性基地址。这里全局表长度设置为</span><span
+lang=EN-US>2KB</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>字节（</span><span lang=EN-US>0x7ff</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>即可），因为每</span><span lang=EN-US>8</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���һ������������Ա��й�����</span><span lang=EN-US>256</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����</span><span lang=EN-US>_gdt</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ȫ�ֱ��ڱ������е�ƫ��λ�ã���</span><span lang=EN-US>234</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�С�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>组成一个描述符项，所以表中共可有</span><span lang=EN-US>256</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>项。符号</span><span lang=EN-US>_gdt</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>是全局表在本程序中的偏移位置，见</span><span lang=EN-US>234</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>227</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> gdt_descr:</span></p>
@@ -12644,8 +12644,8 @@ lang=EN-US> gdt_descr:</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .word
 256*8-1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 # so does gdt (not that that's any&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>ע��</span><span lang=EN-US>not </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
-Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US> note</span></p>
+宋体'>注：</span><span lang=EN-US>not </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
+Wingdings'>à</span><span lang=EN-US> note</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>229</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .long
@@ -12656,34 +12656,34 @@ magic number, but it works for me :^)</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>231</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .align 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>8</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>2^3</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ֽڷ�ʽ�����ڴ��ַ�߽硣</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>按</span><span
+lang=EN-US>8</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>（</span><span lang=EN-US>2^3</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）字节方式对齐内存地址边界。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>232</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> _idt:&nbsp;&nbsp; .fill
 256,8,0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# idt is uninitialized&nbsp;&nbsp; # 256</span><span style='font-family:����'>�ÿ��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>8</span><span style='font-family:����'>�ֽڣ���</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+# idt is uninitialized&nbsp;&nbsp; # 256</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>项，每项</span><span
+lang=EN-US>8</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>字节，填</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>233 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ȫ�ֱ���ǰ</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ֱ��ǿ�����ã�������������������ݶ���������ϵͳ���ö�������������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>全局表。前</span><span lang=EN-US>4</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>项分别是空项（不用）、代码段描述符、数据段描述符、系统调用段描述符，其中</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;# </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ϵͳ���ö���������û�����ô���</span><span lang=EN-US>Linus</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʱ���������ϵͳ���ô���ר�ŷ�����������Ķ��С�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>系统调用段描述符并没有派用处，</span><span lang=EN-US>Linus</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>当时可能曾想把系统调用代码专门放在这个独立的段中。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���滹Ԥ����</span><span lang=EN-US>252</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ŀռ䣬���ڷ�������������ľֲ�������</span><span lang=EN-US>(LDT)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ͷ�Ӧ������״̬��</span><span lang=EN-US>TSS</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>后面还预留了</span><span lang=EN-US>252</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>项的空间，用于放置所创建任务的局部描述符</span><span lang=EN-US>(LDT)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>和对应的任务状态段</span><span lang=EN-US>TSS</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>的描述符。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # (0-nul, 1-cs, 2-ds,
 3-syscall, 4-TSS0, 5-LDT0, 6-TSS1, 7-LDT1, 8-TSS2 etc...)</span></p>
@@ -12698,14 +12698,14 @@ lang=EN-US> _gdt:&nbsp;&nbsp; .quad
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>235</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .quad
 0x00c09a0000000fff&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* 16Mb */&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-0x08</span><span style='font-family:����'>���ں˴������󳤶�</span><span lang=EN-US>16MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+0x08</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>，内核代码段最大长度</span><span lang=EN-US>16MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>236</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .quad
 0x00c0920000000fff&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* 16Mb */&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-0x10</span><span style='font-family:����'>���ں����ݶ���󳤶�</span><span lang=EN-US>16MB</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+0x10</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>，内核数据段最大长度</span><span lang=EN-US>16MB</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>237</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .quad
@@ -12716,7 +12716,7 @@ don't use */</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;.fill
 252,8,0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 /* space for LDT's and TSS's etc */&nbsp; # </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>Ԥ���ռ䡣</span></p>
+宋体'>预留空间。</span></p>
 
 <div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -12732,12 +12732,12 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<h1><a name="_Toc493447971"></a><a name="_Toc493447375"><span lang=EN-US>��7�� </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ں˳�ʼ������</span></a></h1>
+<h1><a name="_Toc493447971"></a><a name="_Toc493447375"><span lang=EN-US>第7章 </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>内核初始化程序</span></a></h1>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447972"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447376"></a><a name="_Toc53320600"><span lang=EN-US>7.1 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>7-1 linux/init/main.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>7-1 linux/init/main.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -12760,30 +12760,30 @@ linux/init/main.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</span><span
-lang=EN-US>// </span>����ꡰ<u><span lang=EN-US>__</span></u><span lang=EN-US>LIBRARY<u>__</u></span>����Ϊ�˰���������<span
-lang=EN-US>unistd.h</span>�е���Ƕ���������Ϣ��</p>
+lang=EN-US>// </span>定义宏“<u><span lang=EN-US>__</span></u><span lang=EN-US>LIBRARY<u>__</u></span>”是为了包括定义在<span
+lang=EN-US>unistd.h</span>中的内嵌汇编代码等信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__LIBRARY__</span></u></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // *.h</span>ͷ�ļ����ڵ�Ĭ��Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>include/</span>�����ڴ����оͲ�����ȷָ����λ�á��������<span lang=EN-US>UNIX</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // *.h</span>头文件所在的默认目录是<span
+lang=EN-US>include/</span>，则在代码中就不用明确指明其位置。如果不是<span lang=EN-US>UNIX</span>的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��׼ͷ�ļ�������Ҫָ�����ڵ�Ŀ¼������˫������ס��<span
-lang=EN-US>unistd.h</span>�Ǳ�׼���ų����������ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标准头文件，则需要指明所在的目录，并用双引号括住。<span
+lang=EN-US>unistd.h</span>是标准符号常数与类型文件。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ж����˸��ַ��ų��������ͣ��������˸��ֺ���������������˷���<span
-lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>���򻹻�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其中定义了各种符号常数和类型，并声明了各种函数。如果还定义了符号<span
+lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>，则还会</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ϵͳ���úź���Ƕ������<span
-lang=EN-US>syscall0()</span>�ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>包含系统调用号和内嵌汇编代码<span
+lang=EN-US>syscall0()</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
 #include &lt;unistd.h&gt;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
-#include &lt;time.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʱ������ͷ�ļ�����������Ҫ������<span
-lang=EN-US>tm</span>�ṹ��һЩ�й�ʱ��ĺ���ԭ�Ρ�</p>
+#include &lt;time.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>时间类型头文件。其中最主要定义了<span
+lang=EN-US>tm</span>结构和一些有关时间的函数原形。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -12822,87 +12822,87 @@ some others too.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������Ҫ������Щ��Ƕ��� <span
-lang=EN-US>- </span>���ں˿ռ䴴�����̽�����û��дʱ����<span lang=EN-US>(COPY ON WRITE)!!!</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>我们需要下面这些内嵌语句 <span
+lang=EN-US>- </span>从内核空间创建进程将导致没有写时复制<span lang=EN-US>(COPY ON WRITE)!!!</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ֱ��ִ��һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>execve</span>���á���Զ�ջ���ܴ������⡣������������<span lang=EN-US>fork()</span>���ú���<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>直到执行一个<span
+lang=EN-US>execve</span>调用。这对堆栈可能带来问题。处理方法是在<span lang=EN-US>fork()</span>调用后不让<span
 lang=EN-US>main()</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ʹ���κζ�ջ����˾Ͳ����к�������<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>����ζ��<span lang=EN-US>fork</span>ҲҪʹ����Ƕ�Ĵ��룬���������ڴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>使用任何堆栈。因此就不能有函数调用<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>这意味着<span lang=EN-US>fork</span>也要使用内嵌的代码，否则我们在从</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * fork()</span>�˳�ʱ��Ҫʹ�ö�ջ�ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * fork()</span>退出时就要使用堆栈了。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ʵ����ֻ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pause</span>��<span lang=EN-US>fork</span>��Ҫʹ����Ƕ��ʽ���Ա�֤��<span
-lang=EN-US>main()</span>�в���Ū�Ҷ�ջ����������ͬ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>实际上只有<span
+lang=EN-US>pause</span>和<span lang=EN-US>fork</span>需要使用内嵌方式，以保证从<span
+lang=EN-US>main()</span>中不会弄乱堆栈，但是我们同</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ʱ������������һЩ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>时还定义了其他一些函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Linux</span>���ں˿ռ䴴������ʱ��ʹ��дʱ���Ƽ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>Copy on write</span>����<span lang=EN-US>main()</span>���ƶ����û�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Linux</span>在内核空间创建进程时不使用写时复制技术（<span
+lang=EN-US>Copy on write</span>）。<span lang=EN-US>main()</span>在移动到用户</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ģʽ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ִ����Ƕ��ʽ��<span lang=EN-US>fork()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>pause()</span>����˿ɱ�֤��ʹ������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���û�ջ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>模式（到任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>）后执行内嵌方式的<span lang=EN-US>fork()</span>和<span lang=EN-US>pause()</span>，因此可保证不使用任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的用户栈。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ��<span lang=EN-US>moveto_user_mode()</span>֮�󣬱�����<span
-lang=EN-US>main()</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�������������ˡ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在执行<span lang=EN-US>moveto_user_mode()</span>之后，本程序<span
+lang=EN-US>main()</span>就以任务<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的身份在运行了。而任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>是所</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�н������ӽ��̵ĸ����̡���������һ���ӽ���ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>init</span>���̣�����������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���������ں�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有将创建子进程的父进程。当它创建一个子进程时（<span
+lang=EN-US>init</span>进程），由于任务<span lang=EN-US>1</span>代码属于内核</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ռ䣬���û��ʹ��дʱ���ƹ��ܡ���ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���û�ջ��������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���û�ջ�������ǹ�ͬ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>空间，因此没有使用写时复制功能。此时任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的用户栈就是任务<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的用户栈，即它们共同</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʹ��һ��ջ�ռ䡣���ϣ����<span
-lang=EN-US>main.c</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�Ļ�����ʱ��Ҫ�жԶ�ջ���κβ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>使用一个栈空间。因此希望在<span
+lang=EN-US>main.c</span>运行在任务<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的环境下时不要有对堆栈的任何操作，以</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ū�Ҷ�ջ�������ٴ�ִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>fork()</span>��ִ�й�<span lang=EN-US>execve()</span>�����󣬱����س����Ѳ������ں˿ռ䣬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>免弄乱堆栈。而在再次执行<span
+lang=EN-US>fork()</span>并执行过<span lang=EN-US>execve()</span>函数后，被加载程序已不属于内核空间，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��˿���ʹ��дʱ���Ƽ����ˡ���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>5.3</span>�ڡ�<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>�ں�ʹ���ڴ�ķ��������ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因此可以使用写时复制技术了。请参见<span
+lang=EN-US>5.3</span>节“<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>内核使用内存的方法”内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>unistd.h</span>�е���Ƕ����롣��Ƕ�������ʽ����<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>��ϵͳ�����ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面<span lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>unistd.h</span>中的内嵌宏代码。以嵌入汇编的形式调用<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>的系统调用中断</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x80</span>�����ж�������ϵͳ���õ���ڡ��������ʵ������<span
-lang=EN-US>int fork()</span>��������ϵͳ���á���չ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x80</span>。该中断是所有系统调用的入口。该条语句实际上是<span
+lang=EN-US>int fork()</span>创建进程系统调用。可展</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����֮�ͻ��������ס�<span
-lang=EN-US>syscall0</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʾ�޲�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��ʾ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>开看之就会立刻明白。<span
+lang=EN-US>syscall0</span>名称中最后的<span lang=EN-US>0</span>表示无参数，<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>表示<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�μ�<span lang=EN-US>include/unistd.h</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>133</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参见<span lang=EN-US>include/unistd.h</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>133</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 static inline <u><span style='color:blue'>_syscall0</span></u>(int,<u><span
 style='color:blue'>fork</span></u>)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// int pause()</span>ϵͳ���ã���ͣ���̵�ִ�У�ֱ���յ�һ���źš�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// int pause()</span>系统调用：暂停进程的执行，直到收到一个信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 static inline <u><span style='color:blue'>_syscall0</span></u>(int,<u><span
 style='color:blue'>pause</span></u>)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // int setup(void * BIOS)</span>ϵͳ���ã�������<span
-lang=EN-US>linux</span>��ʼ����������������б����ã���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // int setup(void * BIOS)</span>系统调用，仅用于<span
+lang=EN-US>linux</span>初始化（仅在这个程序中被调用）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 static inline <u><span style='color:blue'>_syscall1</span></u>(int,setup,void
 *,BIOS)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // int sync()</span>ϵͳ���ã������ļ�ϵͳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // int sync()</span>系统调用：更新文件系统。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 static inline <u><span style='color:blue'>_syscall0</span></u>(int,<u><span
@@ -12911,76 +12911,76 @@ style='color:blue'>sync</span></u>)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/tty.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>ͷ�ļ����������й�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_io</span>������ͨ�ŷ���Ĳ�����������</p>
+#include &lt;linux/tty.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>头文件，定义了有关<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_io</span>，串行通信方面的参数、常数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u> #include
-&lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����ʼ����</p>
+&lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个初始任务</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ݡ�����һЩ�Ժ����ʽ������й��������������úͻ�ȡ��</p>
+// </span>的数据。还有一些以宏的形式定义的有关描述符参数设置和获取的</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ������</p>
+// </span>嵌入式汇编函数程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/head.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // head</span>ͷ�ļ��������˶��������ļ򵥽ṹ���ͼ���ѡ���������</p>
+#include &lt;linux/head.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // head</span>头文件，定义了段描述符的简单结构，和几个选择符常量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ����Ժ���ʽ�����������й����û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж���</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。以宏形式定义了许多有关设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ȵ�Ƕ��ʽ����ӳ���</p>
+// </span>等的嵌入式汇编子程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // io</span>ͷ�ļ����Ժ��Ƕ���������ʽ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>io</span>�˿ڲ����ĺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // io</span>头文件。以宏的嵌入汇编程序形式定义对<span
+lang=EN-US>io</span>端口操作的函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
-#include &lt;stddef.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��׼����ͷ�ļ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL, offsetof(TYPE, MEMBER)</span>��</p>
+#include &lt;stddef.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标准定义头文件。定义了<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL, offsetof(TYPE, MEMBER)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
-#include &lt;stdarg.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��׼����ͷ�ļ����Ժ����ʽ������������б�����Ҫ˵����<span
-lang=EN-US>-</span>��</p>
+#include &lt;stdarg.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>标准参数头文件。以宏的形式定义变量参数列表。主要说明了<span
+lang=EN-US>-</span>个</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>(va_list)</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>(va_start,
-va_arg</span>��<span lang=EN-US>va_end)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>vsprintf</span>��</p>
+// </span>类型<span lang=EN-US>(va_list)</span>和三个宏<span lang=EN-US>(va_start,
+va_arg</span>和<span lang=EN-US>va_end)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>vsprintf</span>、</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// vprintf</span>��<span lang=EN-US>vfprintf</span>��</p>
+// vprintf</span>、<span lang=EN-US>vfprintf</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>
 #include &lt;unistd.h&gt;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
-#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�����ͷ�ļ��������ļ������������Ĳ������Ƴ������ŵĶ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件控制头文件。用于文件及其描述符的操作控制常数符号的定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷ�ļ��������˻�����ϵͳ�������͡�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>类型头文件。定义了基本的系统数据类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/fs.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�ϵͳͷ�ļ��������ļ����ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>file,buffer_head,m_inode</span>�ȣ���</p>
+#include &lt;linux/fs.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件系统头文件。定义文件表结构（<span
+lang=EN-US>file,buffer_head,m_inode</span>等）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�����ж��壺<span lang=EN-US>extern int ROOT_DEV</span>��</p>
+</span>其中有定义：<span lang=EN-US>extern int ROOT_DEV</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
-#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���ͷ�ļ�����Ҫ������һЩ�й��ڴ���ַ���������Ƕ�뺯����</p>
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串头文件。主要定义了一些有关内存或字符串操作的嵌入函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 static char <u><span style='color:blue'>printbuf</span></u>[1024];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��̬�ַ������飬�����ں���ʾ��Ϣ�Ļ��档</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>静态字符串数组，用作内核显示信息的缓存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -12989,56 +12989,56 @@ extern char *<u><span style='color:blue'>strcpy</span></u>();</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>vsprintf</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�͸�ʽ�������һ�ַ����У�<span lang=EN-US>vsprintf.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>92</span>�У���</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>送格式化输出到一字符串中（<span lang=EN-US>vsprintf.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>92</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>init</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����ԭ�Σ���ʼ����������<span lang=EN-US>168</span>�У���</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>函数原形，初始化（本程序<span lang=EN-US>168</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>blk_dev_init</span></u>(void);&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>���豸��ʼ���ӳ���<span lang=EN-US>blk_drv/ll_rw_blk.c,157</span>�У�</p>
+</span>块设备初始化子程序（<span lang=EN-US>blk_drv/ll_rw_blk.c,157</span>行）</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>chr_dev_init</span></u>(void);&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�ַ��豸��ʼ����<span lang=EN-US>chr_drv/tty_io.c, 347</span>�У�</p>
+</span>字符设备初始化（<span lang=EN-US>chr_drv/tty_io.c, 347</span>行）</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_init</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>Ӳ�̳�ʼ������<span lang=EN-US>blk_drv/hd.c,
-343</span>�У�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>硬盘初始化程序（<span lang=EN-US>blk_drv/hd.c,
+343</span>行）</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy_init</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>������ʼ������<span lang=EN-US>blk_drv/floppy.c,
-457</span>�У�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>软驱初始化程序（<span lang=EN-US>blk_drv/floppy.c,
+457</span>行）</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>mem_init</span></u>(long start, long <u><span
-style='color:blue'>end</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�ڴ������ʼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c, 399</span>�У�</p>
+style='color:blue'>end</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>内存管理初始化（<span
+lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c, 399</span>行）</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>
 extern long <u><span style='color:blue'>rd_init</span></u>(long mem_start, int
-length); // </span>�����̳�ʼ��<span lang=EN-US>(blk_drv/ramdisk.c,52)</span></p>
+length); // </span>虚拟盘初始化<span lang=EN-US>(blk_drv/ramdisk.c,52)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>
 extern long <u><span style='color:blue'>kernel_mktime</span></u>(struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>tm</span></u> * <u><span style='color:blue'>tm</span></u>);&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����ϵͳ��������ʱ�䣨�룩��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>计算系统开机启动时间（秒）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں�ר��<span lang=EN-US>sprintf()</span>�������ú������ڲ�����ʽ����Ϣ�������ָ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>str</span>�С�����<span lang=EN-US>'*fmt'</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核专用<span lang=EN-US>sprintf()</span>函数。该函数用于产生格式化信息并输出到指定缓冲区<span
+lang=EN-US>str</span>中。参数<span lang=EN-US>'*fmt'</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ����������õĸ�ʽ���μ���׼<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>�����鼮�����ӳ���������<span lang=EN-US>vsprintf</span>���ʹ�õ�һ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指定输出将采用的格式，参见标准<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>语言书籍。该子程序正好是<span lang=EN-US>vsprintf</span>如何使用的一个简单</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ӡ�����ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>vsprintf()</span>����ʽ���ַ�������<span lang=EN-US>str</span>���������μ���<span
-lang=EN-US>179</span>���ϵ�<span lang=EN-US>printf()</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>例子。函数使用<span
+lang=EN-US>vsprintf()</span>将格式化字符串放入<span lang=EN-US>str</span>缓冲区，参见第<span
+lang=EN-US>179</span>行上的<span lang=EN-US>printf()</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>sprintf</span></u>(char * <u><span
@@ -13080,28 +13080,28 @@ This is set up by the setup-routine at boot-time</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������Щ���������ں������ڼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>�������õġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>以下这些数据是在内核引导期间由<span
+lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>程序设置的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������зֱ�ָ�������Ե�ַǿ��ת��Ϊ�����������͵�ָ�룬����ȡָ����ָ���ݡ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面三行分别将指定的线性地址强行转换为给定数据类型的指针，并获取指针所指内容。由于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں˴���α�ӳ�䵽��������ַ�㿪ʼ�ĵط��������Щ���Ե�ַ����Ҳ�Ƕ�Ӧ��������ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核代码段被映射到从物理地址零开始的地方，因此这些线性地址正好也是对应的物理地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Щָ����ַ���ڴ�ֵ�ĺ�����μ���<span
-lang=EN-US>6</span>�µı�<span lang=EN-US>6-2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>�����ȡ������Ĳ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这些指定地址处内存值的含义请参见第<span
+lang=EN-US>6</span>章的表<span lang=EN-US>6-2</span>（<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>程序读取并保存的参数）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // drive_info</span>�ṹ��μ������<span
-lang=EN-US>125</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // drive_info</span>结构请参见下面第<span
+lang=EN-US>125</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EXT_MEM_K</span></u> (*(unsigned short *)0x90002)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 1MB</span>�Ժ����չ�ڴ��С��<span lang=EN-US>KB</span>����</p>
+// 1MB</span>以后的扩展内存大小（<span lang=EN-US>KB</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CON_ROWS</span></u> ((*(unsigned short
-*)0x9000e) &amp; 0xff)&nbsp; // </span>ѡ���Ŀ���̨��Ļ�С�������</p>
+*)0x9000e) &amp; 0xff)&nbsp; // </span>选定的控制台屏幕行、列数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CON_COLS</span></u> (((*(unsigned short
@@ -13109,16 +13109,16 @@ lang=EN-US>125</span>�С�</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DRIVE_INFO</span></u> (*(struct <u><span
-style='color:blue'>drive_info</span></u> *)0x90080)&nbsp; // </span>Ӳ�̲�����<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽ����ݡ�</p>
+style='color:blue'>drive_info</span></u> *)0x90080)&nbsp; // </span>硬盘参数表<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>字节内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ORIG_ROOT_DEV</span></u> (*(unsigned short
-*)0x901FC)&nbsp; // </span>���ļ�ϵͳ�����豸�š�</p>
+*)0x901FC)&nbsp; // </span>根文件系统所在设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ORIG_SWAP_DEV</span></u> (*(unsigned short
-*)0x901FA)&nbsp; // </span>�����ļ������豸�š�</p>
+*)0x901FA)&nbsp; // </span>交换文件所在设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -13140,45 +13140,45 @@ bios-listing reading. Urghh.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ǰ����ǰ���������γ���ܲ�����Ҳ�֪�������ȷ��ʵ�֣����Һ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>是啊，是啊，下面这段程序很差劲，但我不知道如何正确地实现，而且好象</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���������С�����й���ʵʱʱ�Ӹ�������ϣ����Һܸ���Ȥ����Щ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>它还能运行。如果有关于实时时钟更多的资料，那我很感兴趣。这些都是试</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>̽�����ģ����⻹����һЩ<span
-lang=EN-US>bios</span>���򣬺ǣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>探出来的，另外还看了一些<span
+lang=EN-US>bios</span>程序，呵！</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��κ��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>ʵʱʱ����Ϣ��<span
-lang=EN-US>outb_p</span>��<span lang=EN-US>inb_p</span>��<span lang=EN-US>include/asm/io.h</span>�ж���Ķ˿���������ꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这段宏读取<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>实时时钟信息。<span
+lang=EN-US>outb_p</span>和<span lang=EN-US>inb_p</span>是<span lang=EN-US>include/asm/io.h</span>中定义的端口输入输出宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CMOS_READ</span></u>(addr) ({ \</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(0x80|addr,0x70); \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 0x70</span>��д��ַ�˿ںţ�<span lang=EN-US>0x80|addr</span>��Ҫ��ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>�ڴ��ַ��</p>
+// 0x70</span>是写地址端口号，<span lang=EN-US>0x80|addr</span>是要读取的<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>内存地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>inb_p</span></u>(0x71); \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 0x71</span>�Ƕ����ݶ˿ںš�</p>
+// 0x71</span>是读数据端口号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u> })</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ꡣ��<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>��ת���ɶ�������ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>BCD</span>�����ð���ֽڣ�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>���أ���ʾһ��<span lang=EN-US>10</span>�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义宏。将<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>码转换成二进制数值。<span
+lang=EN-US>BCD</span>码利用半个字节（<span lang=EN-US>4</span>比特）表示一个<span lang=EN-US>10</span>进制数，因此</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ���ֽڱ�ʾ<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>10</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>(val)&amp;15</span>ȡ<span
-lang=EN-US>BCD</span>��ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>10</span>���Ƹ�λ������ <span lang=EN-US>(val)&gt;&gt;4</span>ȡ<span
-lang=EN-US>BCD</span>��ʾ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一个字节表示<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个<span lang=EN-US>10</span>进制数。<span lang=EN-US>(val)&amp;15</span>取<span
+lang=EN-US>BCD</span>表示的<span lang=EN-US>10</span>进制个位数，而 <span lang=EN-US>(val)&gt;&gt;4</span>取<span
+lang=EN-US>BCD</span>表示</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>10</span>����ʮλ�����ٳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>10</span>��������������Ӿ���һ���ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>���ʵ�ʶ�������ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的<span lang=EN-US>10</span>进制十位数，再乘以<span
+lang=EN-US>10</span>。因此最后两者相加就是一个字节<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>码的实际二进制数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>BCD_TO_BIN</span></u>(val)
@@ -13186,15 +13186,15 @@ lang=EN-US>10</span>��������������Ӿ���һ�
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�ú���ȡ<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>ʵʱ����Ϣ��Ϊ����ʱ�䣬�����浽ȫ�ֱ���<span
-lang=EN-US>startup_time(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>�С��μ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>该函数取<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>实时钟信息作为开机时间，并保存到全局变量<span
+lang=EN-US>startup_time(</span>秒<span lang=EN-US>)</span>中。参见后面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CMOS</span>�ڴ��б�˵�������е��õĺ���<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel_mktime()</span>���ڼ����<span lang=EN-US>1970</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>ʱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CMOS</span>内存列表说明。其中调用的函数<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel_mktime()</span>用于计算从<span lang=EN-US>1970</span>年<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>月<span lang=EN-US>1</span>日<span lang=EN-US>0</span>时起到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������վ�������������Ϊ����ʱ�䣨<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/mktime.c 41</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>开机当日经过的秒数，作为开机时间（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/mktime.c 41</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>time_init</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -13204,47 +13204,47 @@ static void <u><span style='color:blue'>time_init</span></u>(void)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tm</span></u> <u><span style='color:blue'>time</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>ʱ��ṹ<span lang=EN-US>tm</span>������<span lang=EN-US>include/time.h</span>�С�</p>
+</span>时间结构<span lang=EN-US>tm</span>定义在<span lang=EN-US>include/time.h</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CMOS</span>�ķ����ٶȺ�����Ϊ�˼�Сʱ�����ڶ�ȡ������ѭ����������ֵ������ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CMOS</span>的访问速度很慢。为了减小时间误差，在读取了下面循环中所有数值后，若此时<span
+lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֵ�����˱仯����ô�����¶�ȡ����ֵ�������ں˾��ܰ���<span
-lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>ʱ����������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��֮�ڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>秒值发生了变化，那么就重新读取所有值。这样内核就能把与<span
+lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>时间误差控制在<span lang=EN-US>1</span>秒之内。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 do {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>time</span></u>.tm_sec = <u><span style='color:
-blue'>CMOS_READ</span></u>(0);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰʱ����ֵ������<span
-lang=EN-US>BCD</span>��ֵ����</p>
+blue'>CMOS_READ</span></u>(0);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前时间秒值（均是<span
+lang=EN-US>BCD</span>码值）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>time</span></u>.tm_min = <u><span style='color:
-blue'>CMOS_READ</span></u>(2);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ����ֵ��</p>
+blue'>CMOS_READ</span></u>(2);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前分钟值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>time</span></u>.tm_hour = <u><span
-style='color:blue'>CMOS_READ</span></u>(4);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰСʱֵ��</p>
+style='color:blue'>CMOS_READ</span></u>(4);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前小时值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>time</span></u>.tm_mday = <u><span
-style='color:blue'>CMOS_READ</span></u>(7);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ���еĵ������ڡ�</p>
+style='color:blue'>CMOS_READ</span></u>(7);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一月中的当天日期。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>time</span></u>.tm_mon = <u><span style='color:
-blue'>CMOS_READ</span></u>(8);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ�·ݣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1��12</span>����</p>
+blue'>CMOS_READ</span></u>(8);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前月份（<span
+lang=EN-US>1—12</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>102</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>time</span></u>.tm_year = <u><span
-style='color:blue'>CMOS_READ</span></u>(9);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ��ݡ�</p>
+style='color:blue'>CMOS_READ</span></u>(9);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前年份。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>103</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } while (<u><span
@@ -13253,7 +13253,7 @@ style='color:blue'>time</span></u>.tm_sec != <u><span style='color:blue'>CMOS_RE
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>BCD_TO_BIN</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>time</span></u>.tm_sec);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ת���ɶ�������ֵ��</p>
+// </span>转换成二进制数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -13278,13 +13278,13 @@ style='color:blue'>BCD_TO_BIN</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>time</span>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>time</span></u>.tm_mon--;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;// tm_mon</span>���·ݷ�Χ��<span lang=EN-US>0��11</span>��</p>
+&nbsp;// tm_mon</span>中月份范围是<span lang=EN-US>0—11</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>111</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>startup_time</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>kernel_mktime</span></u>(&amp;<u><span
-style='color:blue'>time</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���㿪��ʱ�䡣<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/mktime.c 41</span>�С�</p>
+style='color:blue'>time</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>计算开机时间。<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/mktime.c 41</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>112</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -13292,59 +13292,59 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���涨��һЩ�ֲ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面定义一些局部变量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static long <u><span style='color:blue'>memory_end</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�������е������ڴ��������ֽ�������</p>
+</span>机器具有的物理内存容量（字节数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>115</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static long <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_memory_end</span></u>
 = 0; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>���ٻ�����ĩ�˵�ַ��</p>
+</span>高速缓冲区末端地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static long <u><span style='color:blue'>main_memory_start</span></u>
 = 0; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>���ڴ棨�����ڷ�ҳ����ʼ��λ�á�</p>
+</span>主内存（将用于分页）开始的位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static char <u><span style='color:blue'>term</span></u>[32]; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�ն������ַ�����������������</p>
+</span>终端设置字符串（环境参数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ��ִ��<span lang=EN-US>/etc/rc</span>�ļ�ʱ��ʹ�õ������в����ͻ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取并执行<span lang=EN-US>/etc/rc</span>文件时所使用的命令行参数和环境参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static char * <u><span style='color:blue'>argv_rc</span></u>[] = { <i>&quot;/bin/sh&quot;</i>,
 <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u> };&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>����ִ�г���ʱ�������ַ������顣</p>
+</span>调用执行程序时参数的字符串数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>120</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static char * <u><span style='color:blue'>envp_rc</span></u>[] = { <i>&quot;HOME=/&quot;</i>,
 <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u> ,<u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>
-}; &nbsp;// </span>����ִ�г���ʱ�Ļ����ַ������顣</p>
+}; &nbsp;// </span>调用执行程序时的环境字符串数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>121</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���е�¼<span lang=EN-US>shell</span>ʱ��ʹ�õ������в����ͻ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>运行登录<span lang=EN-US>shell</span>时所使用的命令行参数和环境参数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>122</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>argv[0]</span>�е��ַ���<span lang=EN-US>-</span>���Ǵ��ݸ�<span lang=EN-US>shell</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>sh</span>��һ����־��ͨ��ʶ��ñ�־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>122</span>行中<span
+lang=EN-US>argv[0]</span>中的字符“<span lang=EN-US>-</span>”是传递给<span lang=EN-US>shell</span>程序<span
+lang=EN-US>sh</span>的一个标志。通过识别该标志，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sh</span>�������Ϊ��¼<span
-lang=EN-US>shell</span>ִ�С���ִ�й�������<span lang=EN-US>shell</span>��ʾ����ִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>sh</span>��һ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sh</span>程序会作为登录<span
+lang=EN-US>shell</span>执行。其执行过程与在<span lang=EN-US>shell</span>提示符下执行<span
+lang=EN-US>sh</span>不一样。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static char * <u><span style='color:blue'>argv</span></u>[] = { <i>&quot;-/bin/sh&quot;</i>,<u><span
 style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u> };&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>ͬ�ϡ�</p>
+</span>同上。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>123</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static char * <u><span style='color:blue'>envp</span></u>[] = { <i>&quot;HOME=/usr/root&quot;</i>,
@@ -13357,19 +13357,19 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>125</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>drive_info</span></u> { char
 dummy[32]; } <u><span style='color:blue'>drive_info</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ڴ��Ӳ�̲�������Ϣ��</p>
+// </span>用于存放硬盘参数表信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>126</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں˳�ʼ�������򡣳�ʼ��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>idle</span>���񼴿������񣩵��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核初始化主程序。初始化结束后将以任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>（<span lang=EN-US>idle</span>任务即空闲任务）的身份运行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ӣ��ע�ͺ����ǡ�����ȷʵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>void</span>��û������<span lang=EN-US>startup</span>����<span lang=EN-US>(head.s)</span>�о�����������ġ����μ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>英文注释含义是“这里确实是<span
+lang=EN-US>void</span>，没错。在<span lang=EN-US>startup</span>程序<span lang=EN-US>(head.s)</span>中就是这样假设的”。参见</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // head.s</span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>136</span>�п�ʼ�ļ��д��롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // head.s</span>程序第<span
+lang=EN-US>136</span>行开始的几行代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>127</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>main</span></u>(void)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -13395,39 +13395,39 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ʱ�ж��Ա���ֹ�ţ������Ҫ�����ú�ͽ��俪����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>此时中断仍被禁止着，做完必要的设置后就将其开启。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���ȱ�����ļ�ϵͳ�豸�źͽ����ļ��豸�ţ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>�����л�ȡ����Ϣ���ÿ���̨</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>首先保存根文件系统设备号和交换文件设备号，并根据<span
+lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>程序中获取的信息设置控制台</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ն���Ļ�С�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>TERM</span>�����������ó�ʼ<span lang=EN-US>init</span>������ִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>etc/rc</span>�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>shell</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>终端屏幕行、列数环境变量<span
+lang=EN-US>TERM</span>，并用其设置初始<span lang=EN-US>init</span>进程中执行<span
+lang=EN-US>etc/rc</span>文件和<span lang=EN-US>shell</span>程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʹ�õĻ����������Լ������ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x90080</span>����Ӳ�̲�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>使用的环境变量，以及复制内存<span
+lang=EN-US>0x90080</span>处的硬盘参数表。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>ROOT_DEV
-</span>����ǰ���������<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/fs.h</span>�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>206</span>���ϱ�����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>extern int</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其中<span lang=EN-US>ROOT_DEV
+</span>已在前面包含进的<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/fs.h</span>文件第<span lang=EN-US>206</span>行上被声明为<span
+lang=EN-US>extern int</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>SWAP_DEV</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>include/linux/mm.h</span>�ļ���Ҳ������ͬ����������<span lang=EN-US>mm.h</span>�ļ���û����ʽ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>而<span lang=EN-US>SWAP_DEV</span>在<span
+lang=EN-US>include/linux/mm.h</span>文件内也作了相同声明。这里<span lang=EN-US>mm.h</span>文件并没有显式地列在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ǰ������Ϊǰ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>include/linux/sched.h</span>�ļ����Ѿ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>本程序前部，因为前面包含进的<span
+lang=EN-US>include/linux/sched.h</span>文件中已经含有它。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>ROOT_DEV</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>ORIG_ROOT_DEV</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ROOT_DEV</span>������<span lang=EN-US>fs/super.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>29</span>�С�</p>
+// ROOT_DEV</span>定义在<span lang=EN-US>fs/super.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>29</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>SWAP_DEV</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>ORIG_SWAP_DEV</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// SWAP_DEV</span>������<span lang=EN-US>mm/swap.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>36</span>�С�</p>
+// SWAP_DEV</span>定义在<span lang=EN-US>mm/swap.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>36</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>135</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -13447,35 +13447,35 @@ style='color:blue'>envp_rc</span></u>[1] = <u><span style='color:blue'>term</spa
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>drive_info</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>DRIVE_INFO</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>0x90080</span>����Ӳ�̲�������</p>
+// </span>复制内存<span lang=EN-US>0x90080</span>处的硬盘参数表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ÿ��ݻ��������ڴ��������ø��ٻ����������ڴ�����λ�úͷ�Χ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着根据机器物理内存容量设置高速缓冲区和主内存区的位置和范围。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ٻ���ĩ�˵�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>buffer_memory_end</span>�������ڴ�����<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>memory_end</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>高速缓存末端地址<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>buffer_memory_end</span>；机器内存容量<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>memory_end</span>；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڴ濪ʼ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>main_memory_start</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>主内存开始地址<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US>main_memory_start</span>；</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>memory_end</span></u> = (1&lt;&lt;20) + (<u><span
-style='color:blue'>EXT_MEM_K</span></u>&lt;&lt;10); // </span>�ڴ��С<span
-lang=EN-US>=1Mb + </span>��չ�ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>(k)*1024</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+style='color:blue'>EXT_MEM_K</span></u>&lt;&lt;10); // </span>内存大小<span
+lang=EN-US>=1Mb + </span>扩展内存<span lang=EN-US>(k)*1024</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>memory_end</span></u> &amp;= 0xfffff000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Բ���<span lang=EN-US>4Kb</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ�����ڴ�����</p>
+// </span>忽略不到<span lang=EN-US>4Kb</span>（<span lang=EN-US>1</span>页）的内存数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>memory_end</span></u> &gt; 16*1024*1024)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ڴ�������<span lang=EN-US>16Mb</span>����<span lang=EN-US>16Mb</span>�ơ�</p>
+// </span>如果内存量超过<span lang=EN-US>16Mb</span>，则按<span lang=EN-US>16Mb</span>计。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -13484,7 +13484,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>memory_end</span></u> &gt; 12*1024*1024)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>&gt;12Mb</span>�������û�����ĩ��<span lang=EN-US>=4Mb</span></p>
+// </span>如果内存<span lang=EN-US>&gt;12Mb</span>，则设置缓冲区末端<span lang=EN-US>=4Mb</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>144</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -13493,7 +13493,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>145</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; else if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>memory_end</span></u> &gt; 6*1024*1024)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>&gt;6Mb</span>�������û�����ĩ��<span lang=EN-US>=2Mb</span></p>
+// </span>否则若内存<span lang=EN-US>&gt;6Mb</span>，则设置缓冲区末端<span lang=EN-US>=2Mb</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>146</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -13504,20 +13504,20 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; else</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_memory_end</span></u> = 1*1024*1024; // </span>���������û�����ĩ��<span
+<u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_memory_end</span></u> = 1*1024*1024; // </span>否则则设置缓冲区末端<span
 lang=EN-US>=1Mb</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>main_memory_start</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_memory_end</span></u>;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ڴ���ʼλ�� <span lang=EN-US>= </span>������ĩ�ˡ�</p>
+// </span>主内存起始位置 <span lang=EN-US>= </span>缓冲区末端。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>Makefile</span>�ļ��ж������ڴ������̷���<span
-lang=EN-US>RAMDISK</span>�����ʼ�������̡���ʱ���ڴ潫���١�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果在<span lang=EN-US>Makefile</span>文件中定义了内存虚拟盘符号<span
+lang=EN-US>RAMDISK</span>，则初始化虚拟盘。此时主内存将减少。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //</span>�μ�<span lang=EN-US>kernel/blk_drv/ramdisk.c</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //</span>参见<span lang=EN-US>kernel/blk_drv/ramdisk.c</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #ifdef RAMDISK</span></p>
@@ -13530,82 +13530,82 @@ style='color:blue'>main_memory_start</span></u>, RAMDISK*1024);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #endif</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ں˽������з���ĳ�ʼ���������Ķ�ʱ��ø��ŵ��õĳ��������ȥ������ʵ�ڿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下是内核进行所有方面的初始化工作。阅读时最好跟着调用的程序深入进去看，若实在看</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȥ�ˣ����ȷ�һ�ţ���������һ����ʼ������
-<span lang=EN-US>-- </span>���Ǿ���̸֮<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>不下去了，就先放一放，继续看下一个初始化调用
+<span lang=EN-US>-- </span>这是经验之谈<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>mem_init</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>main_memory_start</span></u>,<u><span
-style='color:blue'>memory_end</span></u>);&nbsp; // </span>���ڴ�����ʼ������<span
-lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>399</span>��</p>
+style='color:blue'>memory_end</span></u>);&nbsp; // </span>主内存区初始化。（<span
+lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>399</span>）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>trap_init</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�����ţ�Ӳ���ж���������ʼ������<span lang=EN-US>kernel/traps.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>181</span>��</p>
+</span>陷阱门（硬件中断向量）初始化。（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/traps.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>181</span>）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>blk_dev_init</span></u>();&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>���豸��ʼ����<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��<span lang=EN-US>blk_drv/ll_rw_blk.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>157</span>��</p>
+</span>块设备初始化。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>（<span lang=EN-US>blk_drv/ll_rw_blk.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>157</span>）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>chr_dev_init</span></u>();&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�ַ��豸��ʼ����<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>��<span lang=EN-US>chr_drv/tty_io.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>347</span>��</p>
+</span>字符设备初始化。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>（<span lang=EN-US>chr_drv/tty_io.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>347</span>）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>tty_init</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-tty</span>��ʼ����<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>chr_drv/tty_io.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>406</span>��</p>
+tty</span>初始化。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>chr_drv/tty_io.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>406</span>）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>time_init</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>���ÿ�������ʱ�䡣������<span lang=EN-US>92</span>�У�</p>
+</span>设置开机启动时间。（见第<span lang=EN-US>92</span>行）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>sched_init</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>���ȳ����ʼ������������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>tr,ldtr</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>385</span>��</p>
+</span>调度程序初始化（加载任务<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的<span lang=EN-US>tr,ldtr</span>）（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>385</span>）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>buffer_init</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_memory_end</span></u>);
-// </span>���������ʼ�������ڴ������ȡ���<span lang=EN-US>fs/buffer.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>348</span>��</p>
+// </span>缓冲管理初始化，建内存链表等。（<span lang=EN-US>fs/buffer.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>348</span>）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>hd_init</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>Ӳ�̳�ʼ����<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>blk_drv/hd.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>343</span>��</p>
+</span>硬盘初始化。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>blk_drv/hd.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>343</span>）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>floppy_init</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>������ʼ����<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>blk_drv/floppy.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>457</span>��</p>
+</span>软驱初始化。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>blk_drv/floppy.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>457</span>）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>sti</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���г�ʼ�������������ˣ����ǿ����жϡ�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>所有初始化工作都做完了，于是开启中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ͨ���ڶ�ջ�����õĲ����������жϷ���ָ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ִ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面过程通过在堆栈中设置的参数，利用中断返回指令启动任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>执行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
-style='color:blue'>move_to_user_mode</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƶ��û�ģʽ��ִ�С���<span
-lang=EN-US>include/asm/system.h</span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�У�</p>
+style='color:blue'>move_to_user_mode</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>移到用户模式下执行。（<span
+lang=EN-US>include/asm/system.h</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>行）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!<u><span
@@ -13616,15 +13616,15 @@ this going ok */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>166</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>init</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���½����ӽ��̣�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>init</span>���̣���ִ�С�</p>
+// </span>在新建的子进程（任务<span lang=EN-US>1</span>即<span lang=EN-US>init</span>进程）中执行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>167</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������뿪ʼ������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面代码开始以任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的身份运行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/*</i></b></span></p>
@@ -13651,30 +13651,30 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;* task can run, and if not we return here.</i></b></span
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>174</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ע��<span lang=EN-US>!! </span>�����κ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>'pause()'</span>����ζ�����Ǳ���ȴ��յ�һ���ź�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>注意<span lang=EN-US>!! </span>对于任何其他的任务，<span
+lang=EN-US>'pause()'</span>将意味着我们必须等待收到一个信号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�Ż᷵�ؾ���̬��������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>task0</span>����Ψһ����������μ�<span lang=EN-US>'schedule()'</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>才会返回就绪态，但任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>（<span lang=EN-US>task0</span>）是唯一例外情况（参见<span lang=EN-US>'schedule()'</span>），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Ϊ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���κο���ʱ���ﶼ�ᱻ�����û����������������ʱ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>因为任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>在任何空闲时间里都会被激活（当没有其他任务在运行时），因此</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>0'pause()'</span>����ζ�����Ƿ������鿴�Ƿ�����������������У����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>对于任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0'pause()'</span>仅意味着我们返回来查看是否有其他任务可以运行，如果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>û�еĻ����Ǿͻص����һֱѭ��ִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>'pause()'</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>没有的话我们就回到这里，一直循环执行<span
+lang=EN-US>'pause()'</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pause()</span>ϵͳ���ã�<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c,144</span>���������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>ת���ɿ��жϵȴ�״̬����ִ�е��Ⱥ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pause()</span>系统调用（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c,144</span>）会把任务<span lang=EN-US>0</span>转换成可中断等待状态，再执行调度函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǵ��Ⱥ���ֻҪ����ϵͳ��û�����������������ʱ�ͻ��л�������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����������������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>但是调度函数只要发现系统中没有其他任务可以运行时就会切换到任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，而不依赖于任务<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for(;;)</span></p>
@@ -13682,8 +13682,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for(;;)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 __asm__(<i>&quot;int $0x80&quot;</i>::<i>&quot;a&quot;</i> (<u><span
-style='color:blue'>__NR_pause</span></u>):<i>&quot;ax&quot;</i>);&nbsp; // </span>��ִ��ϵͳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>pause()</span>��</p>
+style='color:blue'>__NR_pause</span></u>):<i>&quot;ax&quot;</i>);&nbsp; // </span>即执行系统调用<span
+lang=EN-US>pause()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>177</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -13691,19 +13691,19 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>178</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���溯��������ʽ����Ϣ���������׼����豸<span
-lang=EN-US>stdout(1)</span>��������ָ��Ļ����ʾ������<span lang=EN-US>'*fmt'</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面函数产生格式化信息并输出到标准输出设备<span
+lang=EN-US>stdout(1)</span>，这里是指屏幕上显示。参数<span lang=EN-US>'*fmt'</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ����������õĸ�ʽ���μ���׼<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>�����鼮�����ӳ���������<span lang=EN-US>vsprintf</span>���ʹ�õ�һ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指定输出将采用的格式，参见标准<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>语言书籍。该子程序正好是<span lang=EN-US>vsprintf</span>如何使用的一个简单</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ӡ��ó���ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>vsprintf()</span>����ʽ�����ַ�������<span lang=EN-US>printbuf</span>��������Ȼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>write()</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>例子。该程序使用<span
+lang=EN-US>vsprintf()</span>将格式化的字符串放入<span lang=EN-US>printbuf</span>缓冲区，然后用<span
+lang=EN-US>write()</span>将缓冲</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������׼�豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>1--stdout</span>����<span lang=EN-US>vsprintf()</span>������ʵ�ּ�<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/vsprintf.c</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>区的内容输出到标准设备（<span
+lang=EN-US>1--stdout</span>）。<span lang=EN-US>vsprintf()</span>函数的实现见<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/vsprintf.c</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>179</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>printf</span></u>(const char
@@ -13747,15 +13747,15 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>main()</span>���Ѿ�������ϵͳ��ʼ���������ڴ����������Ӳ���豸����������<span
-lang=EN-US>init()</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在<span lang=EN-US>main()</span>中已经进行了系统初始化，包括内存管理、各种硬件设备和驱动程序。<span
+lang=EN-US>init()</span>函数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�δ������ӽ��̣�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���С������ȶԵ�һ����Ҫִ�еĳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>shell</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>运行在任务<span lang=EN-US>0</span>第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>次创建的子进程（任务<span lang=EN-US>1</span>）中。它首先对第一个将要执行的程序（<span
+lang=EN-US>shell</span>）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ļ������г�ʼ����Ȼ���Ե�¼<span
-lang=EN-US>shell</span>��ʽ���ظó���ִ��֮��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的环境进行初始化，然后以登录<span
+lang=EN-US>shell</span>方式加载该程序并执行之。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>init</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -13769,13 +13769,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int pid,i;</span></p
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // setup() </span>��һ��ϵͳ���á����ڶ�ȡӲ�̲���������������Ϣ�����������̣������ڵĻ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // setup() </span>是一个系统调用。用于读取硬盘参数包括分区表信息并加载虚拟盘（若存在的话）和</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��װ���ļ�ϵͳ�豸���ú�����<span
-lang=EN-US>25</span>���ϵĺ궨�壬��Ӧ������<span lang=EN-US>sys_setup()</span>���ڿ��豸��Ŀ¼</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>安装根文件系统设备。该函数用<span
+lang=EN-US>25</span>行上的宏定义，对应函数是<span lang=EN-US>sys_setup()</span>，在块设备子目录</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // kernel/blk_drv/hd.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>74</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // kernel/blk_drv/hd.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>74</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; setup((void *)
@@ -13783,19 +13783,19 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; setup((void *)
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Զ�д���ʷ�ʽ���豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>/dev/tty0</span>��������Ӧ�ն˿���̨���������ǵ�һ�δ��ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面以读写访问方式打开设备“<span
+lang=EN-US>/dev/tty0</span>”，它对应终端控制台。由于这是第一次打开文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������˲������ļ�����ţ��ļ����������϶���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���þ����<span lang=EN-US>UNIX</span>�����ϵͳĬ�ϵĿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>操作，因此产生的文件句柄号（文件描述符）肯定是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。该句柄是<span lang=EN-US>UNIX</span>类操作系统默认的控</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��̨��׼������<span
-lang=EN-US>stdin</span>�������ٰ����Զ���д�ķ�ʽ�ֱ����Ϊ�˸��Ʋ�����׼�����д��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>制台标准输入句柄<span
+lang=EN-US>stdin</span>。这里再把它以读和写的方式分别打开是为了复制产生标准输出（写）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>stdout</span>�ͱ�׼����������<span
-lang=EN-US>stderr</span>������ǰ��ġ�<span lang=EN-US>(void)</span>��ǰ׺���ڱ�ʾǿ�ƺ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>句柄<span lang=EN-US>stdout</span>和标准出错输出句柄<span
+lang=EN-US>stderr</span>。函数前面的“<span lang=EN-US>(void)</span>”前缀用于表示强制函数无需</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>195</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (void) <u><span
@@ -13805,17 +13805,17 @@ style='color:blue'>O_RDWR</span></u>,0);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>196</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (void) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>dup</span></u>(0);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ƾ�����������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>--stdout</span>��׼����豸��</p>
+// </span>复制句柄，产生句柄<span lang=EN-US>1</span>号<span lang=EN-US>--stdout</span>标准输出设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>197</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (void) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>dup</span></u>(0);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ƾ�����������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>--stderr</span>��׼��������豸��</p>
+// </span>复制句柄，产生句柄<span lang=EN-US>2</span>号<span lang=EN-US>--stderr</span>标准出错输出设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ӡ���������������ֽ�����ÿ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽڣ��Լ����ڴ��������ڴ��ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面打印缓冲区块数和总字节数，每块<span
+lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节，以及主内存区空闲内存字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>198</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -13834,37 +13834,37 @@ style='color:blue'>memory_end</span></u>-<u><span style='color:blue'>main_memory
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>fork()</span>���ڴ���һ���ӽ��̣�����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�������ڱ��������ӽ��̣�<span lang=EN-US>fork()</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面<span lang=EN-US>fork()</span>用于创建一个子进程（任务<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>）。对于被创建的子进程，<span lang=EN-US>fork()</span>将返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>值，对于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ԭ���̣������̣��򷵻��ӽ��̵Ľ��̺�<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>�����Ե�<span lang=EN-US>202--206</span>�����ӽ���ִ�е����ݡ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>原进程（父进程）则返回子进程的进程号<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>。所以第<span lang=EN-US>202--206</span>行是子进程执行的内容。该子</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̹ر��˾��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>stdin</span>������ֻ����ʽ��<span lang=EN-US>/etc/rc</span>�ļ�����ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>execve()</span>��������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程关闭了句柄<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>（<span lang=EN-US>stdin</span>）、以只读方式打开<span lang=EN-US>/etc/rc</span>文件，并使用<span
+lang=EN-US>execve()</span>函数将进程自身</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�滻��<span lang=EN-US> /bin/sh</span>���򣨼�<span
-lang=EN-US>shell</span>���򣩣�Ȼ��ִ�� <span lang=EN-US>/bin/sh</span>������Я���Ĳ����ͻ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>替换成<span lang=EN-US> /bin/sh</span>程序（即<span
+lang=EN-US>shell</span>程序），然后执行 <span lang=EN-US>/bin/sh</span>程序。所携带的参数和环境变量分</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>argv_rc</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>envp_rc</span>����������رվ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����̴�<span
-lang=EN-US> /etc/rc</span>�ļ��������ǰѱ�׼����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>别由<span lang=EN-US>argv_rc</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>envp_rc</span>数组给出。关闭句柄<span lang=EN-US>0</span>并立刻打开<span
+lang=EN-US> /etc/rc</span>文件的作用是把标准输入</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // stdin</span>�ض���<span
-lang=EN-US> /etc/rc</span>�ļ�������<span lang=EN-US>shell</span>����<span lang=EN-US>/bin/sh</span>�Ϳ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>rc</span>�ļ������õ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // stdin</span>重定向到<span
+lang=EN-US> /etc/rc</span>文件。这样<span lang=EN-US>shell</span>程序<span lang=EN-US>/bin/sh</span>就可以运行<span
+lang=EN-US>rc</span>文件中设置的命令。由</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>sh</span>�����з�ʽ�Ƿǽ���ʽ�ģ������ִ����<span
-lang=EN-US>rc</span>�ļ��е������ͻ������˳�������<span lang=EN-US>2 </span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于这里<span lang=EN-US>sh</span>的运行方式是非交互式的，因此在执行完<span
+lang=EN-US>rc</span>文件中的命令后就会立刻退出，进程<span lang=EN-US>2 </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>Ҳ��֮����������<span
-lang=EN-US>execve()</span>����˵����μ�<span lang=EN-US>fs/exec.c</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>207</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>也随之结束。关于<span
+lang=EN-US>execve()</span>函数说明请参见<span lang=EN-US>fs/exec.c</span>程序，<span
+lang=EN-US>207</span>行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>_exit()</span>�˳�ʱ�ĳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1 �C </span>����δ���ɣ�<span lang=EN-US>2 -- </span>�ļ���Ŀ¼�����ڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数<span lang=EN-US>_exit()</span>退出时的出错码<span
+lang=EN-US>1 – </span>操作未许可；<span lang=EN-US>2 -- </span>文件或目录不存在。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>201</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(pid=<u><span
@@ -13882,31 +13882,31 @@ style='color:blue'>O_RDONLY</span></u>,0))</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>_exit</span></u>(1); &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�����ļ�ʧ�ܣ����˳�<span lang=EN-US>(lib/_exit.c,10)</span>��</p>
+</span>若打开文件失败，则退出<span lang=EN-US>(lib/_exit.c,10)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>execve</span></u>(<i>&quot;/bin/sh&quot;</i>,<u><span
 style='color:blue'>argv_rc</span></u>,<u><span style='color:blue'>envp_rc</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�滻��<span lang=EN-US>/bin/sh</span>����ִ�С�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>替换成<span lang=EN-US>/bin/sh</span>程序并执行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>206</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>_exit</span></u>(2);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>execve()</span>ִ��ʧ�����˳���</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>若<span lang=EN-US>execve()</span>执行失败则退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>207</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���滹�Ǹ����̣�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��ִ�е���䡣<span lang=EN-US>wait()</span>�ȴ��ӽ���ֹͣ����ֹ������ֵӦ���ӽ��̵Ľ��̺�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面还是父进程（<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>）执行的语句。<span lang=EN-US>wait()</span>等待子进程停止或终止，返回值应是子进程的进程号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // (pid)</span>��������������Ǹ����̵ȴ��ӽ��̵Ľ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>&amp;i</span>�Ǵ�ŷ���״̬��Ϣ��λ�á����<span lang=EN-US>wait()</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // (pid)</span>。这三句的作用是父进程等待子进程的结束。<span
+lang=EN-US>&amp;i</span>是存放返回状态信息的位置。如果<span lang=EN-US>wait()</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ֵ�������ӽ��̺ţ�������ȴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回值不等于子进程号，则继续等待。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>208</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (pid&gt;0)</span></p>
@@ -13917,30 +13917,30 @@ while (pid != <u><span style='color:blue'>wait</span></u>(&amp;i))</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>210</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* nothing */</i></b>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>��ѭ��<span
+<b><i>/* nothing */</i></b>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>空循环<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ִ�е����˵���մ������ӽ��̵�ִ����ֹͣ����ֹ�ˡ�����ѭ���������ٴ���һ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果执行到这里，说明刚创建的子进程的执行已停止或终止了。下面循环中首先再创建一个子</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̣��������������ʾ����ʼ�����򴴽��ӽ���ʧ�ܡ���Ϣ������ִ�С��������������ӽ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程，如果出错，则显示“初始化程序创建子进程失败”信息并继续执行。对于所创建的子进</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�̽��ر�������ǰ�������ľ��<span
-lang=EN-US>(stdin, stdout, stderr)</span>���´���һ���Ự�����ý�����ţ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程将关闭所有以前还遗留的句柄<span
+lang=EN-US>(stdin, stdout, stderr)</span>，新创建一个会话并设置进程组号，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����´�<span
-lang=EN-US> /dev/tty0 </span>��Ϊ <span lang=EN-US>stdin</span>�������Ƴ� <span
-lang=EN-US>stdout</span>�� <span lang=EN-US>stderr</span>���ٴ�ִ��ϵͳ���ͳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后重新打开<span
+lang=EN-US> /dev/tty0 </span>作为 <span lang=EN-US>stdin</span>，并复制成 <span
+lang=EN-US>stdout</span>和 <span lang=EN-US>stderr</span>。再次执行系统解释程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // /bin/sh</span>�������ִ����ѡ�õĲ����ͻ���������ѡ��һ�ף�������<span
-lang=EN-US>122--123</span>�У���Ȼ�󸸽�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // /bin/sh</span>。但这次执行所选用的参数和环境数组另选了一套（见上面<span
+lang=EN-US>122--123</span>行）。然后父进</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ٴ����� <span
-lang=EN-US>wait()</span>�ȴ�������ӽ�����ֹͣ��ִ�У����ڱ�׼�������ʾ������Ϣ���ӽ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程再次运行 <span
+lang=EN-US>wait()</span>等待。如果子进程又停止了执行，则在标准输出上显示出错信息“子进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pid</span>ֹͣ�����У���������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>����Ȼ�����������ȥ<span lang=EN-US>��</span>���γɡ�����ѭ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pid</span>停止了运行，返回码是<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>”，然后继续重试下去<span lang=EN-US>…</span>，形成“大”死循环。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>211</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (1) {</span></p>
@@ -13965,7 +13965,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>216</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!pid) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�µ��ӽ��̡�</p>
+// </span>新的子进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>217</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -13975,7 +13975,7 @@ style='color:blue'>close</span></u>(2);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>218</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>setsid</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����һ�µĻỰ�ڣ�������˵����</p>
+// </span>创建一新的会话期，见后面说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>219</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -14019,7 +14019,7 @@ code %04x\n\r&quot;</i>,pid,i);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sync</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ͬ��������ˢ�»�������</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>同步操作，刷新缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>229</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
@@ -14027,17 +14027,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>230</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_exit</span></u>(0);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/*
-NOTE! _exit, not exit() */</i></b>&nbsp; /*</span>ע�⣡��<span lang=EN-US>_exit()</span>����<span
+NOTE! _exit, not exit() */</i></b>&nbsp; /*</span>注意！是<span lang=EN-US>_exit()</span>，非<span
 lang=EN-US>exit()*/</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // _exit()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>exit()</span>������������ֹһ����������<span lang=EN-US>_exit()</span>ֱ����һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>sys_exit</span>ϵͳ���ã���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // _exit()</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>exit()</span>都用于正常终止一个函数。但<span lang=EN-US>_exit()</span>直接是一个<span
+lang=EN-US>sys_exit</span>系统调用，而</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // exit()</span>��ͨ������ͨ�������е�һ��������������ִ��һЩ����������������ִ�и���ֹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // exit()</span>则通常是普通函数库中的一个函数。它会先执行一些清除操作，例如调用执行各终止</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������򡢹ر����б�׼<span
-lang=EN-US>IO</span>�ȣ�Ȼ�����<span lang=EN-US>sys_exit</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处理程序、关闭所有标准<span
+lang=EN-US>IO</span>等，然后调用<span lang=EN-US>sys_exit</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>231</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -14059,12 +14059,12 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<h1><a name="_Toc493447973"></a><a name="_Toc493447377"><span lang=EN-US>��8�� </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ں˺��ĳ���</span></a></h1>
+<h1><a name="_Toc493447973"></a><a name="_Toc493447377"><span lang=EN-US>第8章 </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>内核核心程序</span></a></h1>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447974"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447378"></a><a name="_Toc53320603"><span lang=EN-US>8.1 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>8-1 linux/kernel/asm.s</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>8-1 linux/kernel/asm.s</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -14107,24 +14107,24 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>8-1 linux/k
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * asm.s</span>�����а����󲿷ֵ�Ӳ�����ϣ�������������ĵײ�δ��롣ҳ�쳣���ڴ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * asm.s</span>程序中包括大部分的硬件故障（或出错）处理的底层次代码。页异常由内存管理程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * mm</span>���������Բ�������˳��򻹴�����ϣ��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>TS-</span>λ����ɵ�<span lang=EN-US>fpu</span>�쳣����Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * mm</span>处理，所以不在这里。此程序还处理（希望是这样）由于<span
+lang=EN-US>TS-</span>位而造成的<span lang=EN-US>fpu</span>异常，因为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * fpu</span>������ȷ�ؽ��б���<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ָ���������Щ��û�в��Թ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * fpu</span>必须正确地进行保存<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>恢复处理，这些还没有测试过。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�������ļ���Ҫ�漰��<span
-lang=EN-US>Intel</span>�����ж�<span lang=EN-US>int0--int16</span>�Ĵ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>int17-int31</span>�������ʹ�ã���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>本代码文件主要涉及对<span
+lang=EN-US>Intel</span>保留中断<span lang=EN-US>int0--int16</span>的处理（<span
+lang=EN-US>int17-int31</span>留作今后使用）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������һЩȫ�ֺ���������������ԭ����<span
-lang=EN-US>traps.c</span>��˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>以下是一些全局函数名的声明，其原形在<span
+lang=EN-US>traps.c</span>中说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
 .globl _divide_error,_debug,_nmi,_int3,_overflow,_bounds,_invalid_op</span></p>
@@ -14143,38 +14143,38 @@ lang=EN-US>traps.c</span>��˵����</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������γ������޳����ŵ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>下面这段程序处理无出错号的情况。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int0 -- </span>��������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>���ͣ����󣻳����ţ��ޡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int0 -- </span>处理被零除出错的情况。<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>类型：错误；出错号：无。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��ִ��<span lang=EN-US>DIV</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>IDIV</span>ָ��ʱ����������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>�ͻ��������쳣����<span
-lang=EN-US>EAX</span>����<span lang=EN-US>AX</span>��<span lang=EN-US>AL</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>在执行<span lang=EN-US>DIV</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>IDIV</span>指令时，若除数是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>就会产生这个异常。当<span
+lang=EN-US>EAX</span>（或<span lang=EN-US>AX</span>、<span lang=EN-US>AL</span>）容纳</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����һ���Ϸ��������Ľ��ʱ��Ҳ���������쳣��<span
-lang=EN-US>21</span>�б��<span lang=EN-US>'_do_divide_error'</span>ʵ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>不了一个合法除操作的结果时，也会产生这个异常。<span
+lang=EN-US>21</span>行标号<span lang=EN-US>'_do_divide_error'</span>实际上是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # C</span>���Ժ���<span lang=EN-US>do_divide_error()</span>�����������ģ���ж�Ӧ�����ơ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>'do_divide_error'</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # C</span>语言函数<span lang=EN-US>do_divide_error()</span>编译后所生成模块中对应的名称。函数<span
+lang=EN-US>'do_divide_error'</span>在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # traps.c</span>��ʵ�֣���<span
-lang=EN-US>101</span>�п�ʼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # traps.c</span>中实现（第<span
+lang=EN-US>101</span>行开始）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 _divide_error:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-pushl $_do_divide_error &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>���Ȱѽ�Ҫ���õĺ�����ַ��ջ��</p>
+pushl $_do_divide_error &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>首先把将要调用的函数地址入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 no_error_code:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>�������޳����Ŵ�������ڴ����������<span lang=EN-US>56</span>�еȡ�</p>
+# </span>这里是无出错号处理的入口处，见下面第<span lang=EN-US>56</span>行等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-xchgl %eax,(%esp) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# _do_divide_error</span>�ĵ�ַ
-<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US> eax</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>��������ջ��</p>
+xchgl %eax,(%esp) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# _do_divide_error</span>的地址
+<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US> eax</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>被交换入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pushl %ebx</span></p>
@@ -14196,7 +14196,7 @@ pushl %ebp</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 push %ds&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>����<span lang=EN-US>16</span>λ�ĶμĴ�����ջ��ҲҪռ��<span lang=EN-US>4</span>���ֽڡ�</p>
+# </span>！！<span lang=EN-US>16</span>位的段寄存器入栈后也要占用<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 push %es</span></p>
@@ -14206,19 +14206,19 @@ push %fs</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pushl $0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# &quot;error code&quot;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����ֵ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��Ϊ��������ջ��</p>
+# &quot;error code&quot;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>将数值<span lang=EN-US>0</span>作为出错码入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-lea 44(%esp),%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>ȡ��Ч��ַ����ջ��ԭ���÷��ص�ַ����ջָ��λ�ã�</p>
+lea 44(%esp),%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>取有效地址，即栈中原调用返回地址处的栈指针位置，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pushl %edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>��ѹ���ջ��</p>
+# </span>并压入堆栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 movl $0x10,%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-</span>��ʼ���μĴ���<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>��<span lang=EN-US>es</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>�������ں����ݶ�ѡ�����</p>
+</span>初始化段寄存器<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>、<span lang=EN-US>es</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>，加载内核数据段选择符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov %dx,%ds</span></p>
@@ -14229,16 +14229,16 @@ mov %dx,%es</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov %dx,%fs</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�����ϵ�<span lang=EN-US>'*'</span>�ű�ʾ���ò�����ָ����ַ���ĺ�������Ϊ��ӵ��á����ĺ����ǵ������𱾴�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>下行上的<span lang=EN-US>'*'</span>号表示调用操作数指定地址处的函数，称为间接调用。这句的含义是调用引起本次</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�쳣��<span lang=EN-US>C</span>��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>do_divide_error()</span>�ȡ���<span lang=EN-US>41</span>���ǽ���ջָ���<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>�൱��ִ������<span lang=EN-US>pop</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>异常的<span lang=EN-US>C</span>处理函数，例如<span
+lang=EN-US>do_divide_error()</span>等。第<span lang=EN-US>41</span>行是将堆栈指针加<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>相当于执行两次<span lang=EN-US>pop</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������������������������ջ������<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>33</span>�к�<span lang=EN-US>35</span>����ջ��ֵ�����ö�ջָ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>操作，弹出（丢弃）最后入堆栈的两个<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数参数（<span lang=EN-US>33</span>行和<span lang=EN-US>35</span>行入栈的值），让堆栈指针重新</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ָ��Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>��ջ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>指向寄存器<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>入栈处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 call *%eax</span></p>
@@ -14275,45 +14275,45 @@ popl %ebx</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 popl %eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>����ԭ��<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>�е����ݡ�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>弹出原来<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>中的内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 iret</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int1 -- debug</span>�����ж���ڵ㡣��������ͬ�ϡ����ͣ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>���壨<span lang=EN-US>Fault/Trap</span>�����޴���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int1 -- debug</span>调试中断入口点。处理过程同上。类型：错误<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>陷阱（<span lang=EN-US>Fault/Trap</span>）；无错误号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��<span lang=EN-US>eflags</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>TF</span>��־��λʱ���������жϡ�������Ӳ���ϵ㣨���ݣ����壬���룺���󣩣�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>当<span lang=EN-US>eflags</span>中<span
+lang=EN-US>TF</span>标志置位时而引发的中断。当发现硬件断点（数据：陷阱，代码：错误）；或者</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������ָ�������������񽻻����壬���ߵ��ԼĴ���������Ч�����󣩣�<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>�ͻ�������쳣��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>开启了指令跟踪陷阱或任务交换陷阱，或者调试寄存器访问无效（错误），<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>就会产生该异常。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>
 _debug:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pushl $_do_int3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # _do_debug &nbsp;#
-C</span>����ָ����ջ������ͬ��</p>
+C</span>函数指针入栈。以下同。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmp no_error_code</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int2 -- </span>�������жϵ�����ڵ㡣<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>���ͣ����壻�޴���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int2 -- </span>非屏蔽中断调用入口点。<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>类型：陷阱；无错误号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���ǽ��еı�����̶��ж�������Ӳ���жϡ�ÿ�����յ�һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>NMI</span>�źţ�<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>�ڲ��ͻ�����ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>这是仅有的被赋予固定中断向量的硬件中断。每当接收到一个<span
+lang=EN-US>NMI</span>信号，<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>内部就会产生中断</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����ִ�б�׼�ж�Ӧ�����ڣ���˺ܽ�ʡʱ�䡣<span
-lang=EN-US>NMI</span>ͨ������Ϊ��Ϊ��Ҫ��Ӳ���¼�ʹ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>向量<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，并执行标准中断应答周期，因此很节省时间。<span
+lang=EN-US>NMI</span>通常保留为极为重要的硬件事件使用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>�յ�һ��<span
-lang=EN-US> NMI </span>�źŲ��ҿ�ʼִ�����жϴ�������ʱ��������е�Ӳ���ж϶��������ԡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>当<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>收到一个<span
+lang=EN-US> NMI </span>信号并且开始执行其中断处理过程时，随后所有的硬件中断都将被忽略。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>
 _nmi:</span></p>
@@ -14326,13 +14326,13 @@ jmp no_error_code</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int3 -- </span>�ϵ�ָ�������жϵ���ڵ㡣<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>���ͣ����壻�޴���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int3 -- </span>断点指令引起中断的入口点。<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>类型：陷阱；无错误号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��<span lang=EN-US>int 3
-</span>ָ���������жϣ���Ӳ���ж��޹ء���ָ��ͨ���ɵ�ʽ�����뱻��ʽ����Ĵ����С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>由<span lang=EN-US>int 3
+</span>指令引发的中断，与硬件中断无关。该指令通常由调式器插入被调式程序的代码中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��������ͬ<span lang=EN-US>_debug</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>处理过程同<span lang=EN-US>_debug</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>
 _int3:</span></p>
@@ -14345,11 +14345,11 @@ jmp no_error_code</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int4 -- </span>������������ж���ڵ㡣<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>���ͣ����壻�޴���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int4 -- </span>溢出出错处理中断入口点。<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>类型：陷阱；无错误号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # EFLAGS</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>OF</span>��־��λʱ<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>ִ��<span lang=EN-US>INTO</span>ָ��ͻ��������жϡ�ͨ�����ڱ����������������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # EFLAGS</span>中<span
+lang=EN-US>OF</span>标志置位时<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>执行<span lang=EN-US>INTO</span>指令就会引发该中断。通常用于编译器跟踪算术计算溢出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>
 _overflow:</span></p>
@@ -14362,14 +14362,14 @@ jmp no_error_code</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int5 -- </span>�߽�������ж���ڵ㡣<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>���ͣ������޴���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int5 -- </span>边界检查出错中断入口点。<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>类型：错误；无错误号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������������Ч��Χ����ʱ�������жϡ���<span
-lang=EN-US>BOUND</span>ָ�����ʧ�ܾͻ�������жϡ�<span lang=EN-US>BOUND</span>ָ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>当操作数在有效范围以外时引发的中断。当<span
+lang=EN-US>BOUND</span>指令测试失败就会产生该中断。<span lang=EN-US>BOUND</span>指令有</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 3</span>���������������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��������������֮�䣬�Ͳ����쳣<span lang=EN-US>5</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 3</span>个操作数，如果第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个不在另外两个之间，就产生异常<span lang=EN-US>5</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>
 _bounds:</span></p>
@@ -14382,10 +14382,10 @@ jmp no_error_code</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int6 -- </span>��Ч����ָ������ж���ڵ㡣<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>���ͣ������޴���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int6 -- </span>无效操作指令出错中断入口点。<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>类型：错误；无错误号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # CPU </span>ִ�л�����⵽һ����Ч�Ĳ������������жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # CPU </span>执行机构检测到一个无效的操作码而引起的中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>
 _invalid_op:</span></p>
@@ -14398,12 +14398,12 @@ jmp no_error_code</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int9 -- </span>Э�������γ��������ж���ڵ㡣<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>���ͣ��������޴���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int9 -- </span>协处理器段超出出错中断入口点。<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>类型：放弃；无错误号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���쳣�����ϵ�ͬ��Э������������������Ϊ�ڸ���ָ�������̫��ʱ�����Ǿ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>该异常基本上等同于协处理器出错保护。因为在浮点指令操作数太大时，我们就有这个机会来</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���ػ򱣴泬�����ݶεĸ���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>加载或保存超出数据段的浮点值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>
 _coprocessor_segment_overrun:</span></p>
@@ -14416,8 +14416,8 @@ jmp no_error_code</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int15 �C </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>Intel</span>�����жϵ���ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int15 – </span>其他<span
+lang=EN-US>Intel</span>保留中断的入口点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>
 _reserved:</span></p>
@@ -14430,21 +14430,21 @@ jmp no_error_code</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int45 -- (0x20 + 13) Linux</span>���õ���ѧЭ������Ӳ���жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int45 -- (0x20 + 13) Linux</span>设置的数学协处理器硬件中断。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��Э������ִ����һ������ʱ�ͻᷢ��<span
-lang=EN-US>IRQ13</span>�ж��źţ���֪ͨ<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>������ɡ�<span
-lang=EN-US>80387</span>��ִ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>当协处理器执行完一个操作时就会发出<span
+lang=EN-US>IRQ13</span>中断信号，以通知<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>操作完成。<span
+lang=EN-US>80387</span>在执行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����ʱ��<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>��ȴ��������ɡ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>89</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0xF0</span>��Э�����˿ڣ�������æ��������ͨ��д</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>计算时，<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>会等待其操作完成。下面<span
+lang=EN-US>89</span>行上<span lang=EN-US>0xF0</span>是协处理端口，用于清忙锁存器。通过写</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�ö˿ڣ����жϽ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>��<span lang=EN-US>BUSY</span>�����źţ������¼���<span lang=EN-US>80387</span>�Ĵ�������չ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>PEREQ</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>该端口，本中断将消除<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>的<span lang=EN-US>BUSY</span>延续信号，并重新激活<span lang=EN-US>80387</span>的处理器扩展请求引脚<span
+lang=EN-US>PEREQ</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>�ò�����Ҫ��Ϊ��ȷ���ڼ���ִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>80387</span>���κ�ָ��֮ǰ��<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>��Ӧ���жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>该操作主要是为了确保在继续执行<span
+lang=EN-US>80387</span>的任何指令之前，<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>响应本中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>
 _irq13:</span></p>
@@ -14463,59 +14463,59 @@ movb $0x20,%al</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 outb %al,$0x20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>��<span lang=EN-US>8259</span>���жϿ���оƬ����<span lang=EN-US>EOI</span>���жϽ������źš�</p>
+# </span>向<span lang=EN-US>8259</span>主中断控制芯片发送<span lang=EN-US>EOI</span>（中断结束）信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmp 1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>��������תָ������ʱ���á�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>这两个跳转指令起延时作用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u>
 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp 1f</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>
 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; outb %al,$0xA0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>����<span lang=EN-US>8259</span>���жϿ���оƬ����<span lang=EN-US>EOI</span>���жϽ������źš�</p>
+# </span>再向<span lang=EN-US>8259</span>从中断控制芯片发送<span lang=EN-US>EOI</span>（中断结束）信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 popl %eax</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-jmp _coprocessor_error&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�ú���ԭ�ڱ������У����ѷŵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>system_call.s</span>�С�</p>
+jmp _coprocessor_error&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>该函数原在本程序中，现已放到<span
+lang=EN-US>system_call.s</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�����ж��ڵ���ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>�����жϷ��ص�ַ֮�󽫳�����ѹ���ջ����˷���ʱҲ��Ҫ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>以下中断在调用时<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>会在中断返回地址之后将出错号压入堆栈，因此返回时也需要将出错号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�������μ�ͼ<span lang=EN-US>5.3(b)</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>弹出（参见图<span lang=EN-US>5.3(b)</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int8 -- </span>˫�������ϡ�<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>���ͣ��������д����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int8 -- </span>双出错故障。<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>类型：放弃；有错误码。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ͨ����<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>�ڵ���ǰһ���쳣�Ĵ���������ּ�⵽һ���µ��쳣ʱ���������쳣�ᱻ���еؽ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>通常当<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>在调用前一个异常的处理程序而又检测到一个新的异常时，这两个异常会被串行地进行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��������Ҳ���������ٵ������<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>���ܽ��������Ĵ��д�����������ʱ�ͻ��������жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>处理，但也会碰到很少的情况，<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>不能进行这样的串行处理操作，此时就会引发该中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u>
 _double_fault:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-pushl $_do_double_fault&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # C</span>������ַ��ջ��</p>
+pushl $_do_double_fault&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # C</span>函数地址入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> error_code:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xchgl %eax,4(%esp)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# error code &lt;-&gt; %eax</span>��<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>ԭ����ֵ�������ڶ�ջ�ϡ�</p>
+# error code &lt;-&gt; %eax</span>，<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>原来的值被保存在堆栈上。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>102</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xchgl %ebx,(%esp)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# &amp;function &lt;-&gt; %ebx</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>ԭ����ֵ�������ڶ�ջ�ϡ�</p>
+# &amp;function &lt;-&gt; %ebx</span>，<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>原来的值被保存在堆栈上。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>103</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl %ecx</span></p>
@@ -14543,18 +14543,18 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; push %fs</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>111</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl %eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# error code&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��������ջ��</p>
+# error code&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>出错号入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>112</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; lea 44(%esp),%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# offset&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���򷵻ص�ַ����ջָ��λ��ֵ��ջ��</p>
+# offset&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>程序返回地址处堆栈指针位置值入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl %eax</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl $0x10,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>���ں����ݶ�ѡ�����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>置内核数据段选择符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>115</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%ds</span></p>
@@ -14567,12 +14567,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%fs</span></
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call *%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>��ӵ��ã�������Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>C</span>���������������ջ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>间接调用，调用相应的<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数，其参数已入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addl $8,%esp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>������ջ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>�����Ĳ�����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>丢弃入栈的<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个用作<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数的参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>120</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pop %fs</span></p>
@@ -14610,16 +14610,16 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; iret</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>131</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int10 -- </span>��Ч������״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>(TSS)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>���ͣ������г����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int10 -- </span>无效的任务状态段<span
+lang=EN-US>(TSS)</span>。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>类型：错误；有出错码。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # CPU</span>��ͼ�л���һ�����̣����ý��̵�<span
-lang=EN-US>TSS</span>��Ч������<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>����һ�����������쳣��������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # CPU</span>企图切换到一个进程，而该进程的<span
+lang=EN-US>TSS</span>无效。根据<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>中哪一部分引起了异常，当由于<span
 lang=EN-US>TSS</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���ȳ���<span lang=EN-US>104</span>�ֽ�ʱ������쳣�ڵ�ǰ�����в���������л�����ֹ������������ᵼ�����л�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>长度超过<span lang=EN-US>104</span>字节时，这个异常在当前任务中产生，因而切换被终止。其他问题则会导致在切换</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����������в������쳣��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>后的新任务中产生本异常。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>132</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> _invalid_TSS:</span></p>
@@ -14634,10 +14634,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp error_code</span
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>135</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int11 -- </span>�β����ڡ�<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>���ͣ������г����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int11 -- </span>段不存在。<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>类型：错误；有出错码。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�����õĶβ����ڴ��С����������б�־ָ���β����ڴ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>被引用的段不在内存中。段描述符中标志指明段不在内存中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>136</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> _segment_not_present:</span></p>
@@ -14652,13 +14652,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp error_code</span
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int12 -- </span>��ջ�δ���<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>���ͣ������г����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int12 -- </span>堆栈段错误。<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>类型：错误；有出错码。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ָ�������ͼ������ջ�η�Χ�����߶�ջ�β����ڴ��С������쳣<span
-lang=EN-US>11</span>��<span lang=EN-US>13</span>����������Щ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>指令操作试图超出堆栈段范围，或者堆栈段不在内存中。这是异常<span
+lang=EN-US>11</span>和<span lang=EN-US>13</span>的特例。有些操作</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ϵͳ������������쳣��ȷ��ʲôʱ��Ӧ��Ϊ�����������ջ�ռ䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>系统可以利用这个异常来确定什么时候应该为程序分配更多的栈空间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> _stack_segment:</span></p>
@@ -14673,13 +14673,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp error_code</span
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int13 -- </span>һ�㱣���Գ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>���ͣ������г����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int13 -- </span>一般保护性出错。<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>类型：错误；有出错码。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�����ǲ������κ�������Ĵ�����һ���쳣����ʱû�ж�Ӧ�Ĵ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>0--16</span>����ͨ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>表明是不属于任何其他类的错误。若一个异常产生时没有对应的处理向量（<span
+lang=EN-US>0--16</span>），通常就</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��鵽���ࡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>会归到此类。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>144</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> _general_protection:</span></p>
@@ -14694,10 +14694,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp error_code</span
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int17 -- </span>�߽�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int17 -- </span>边界对齐检查出错。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���������ڴ�߽���ʱ������Ȩ��<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>���û��������ݷǱ߽����ʱ��������쳣��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>在启用了内存边界检查时，若特权级<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>（用户级）数据非边界对齐时会产生该异常。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> _alignment_check:</span></p>
@@ -14712,25 +14712,25 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp error_code</span
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>151</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int7 -- </span>�豸�����ڣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>_device_not_available</span>����<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>158</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int7 -- </span>设备不存在（<span
+lang=EN-US>_device_not_available</span>）在<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>158</span>行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int14 -- </span>ҳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>_page_fault</span>����<span lang=EN-US>mm/page.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>14</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int14 -- </span>页错误（<span
+lang=EN-US>_page_fault</span>）在<span lang=EN-US>mm/page.s</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>14</span>行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int16 -- </span>Э����������<span
-lang=EN-US>_coprocessor_error</span>����<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>140</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # int16 -- </span>协处理器错误（<span
+lang=EN-US>_coprocessor_error</span>）在<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>140</span>行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ʱ���ж�<span lang=EN-US>int
-0x20</span>��<span lang=EN-US>_timer_interrupt</span>����<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>189</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>时钟中断<span lang=EN-US>int
+0x20</span>（<span lang=EN-US>_timer_interrupt</span>）在<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>189</span>行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ϵͳ����<span lang=EN-US>int
-0x80</span>��<span lang=EN-US>_system_call</span>����<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>84</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>系统调用<span lang=EN-US>int
+0x80</span>（<span lang=EN-US>_system_call</span>）在<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>84</span>行。</p>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -14748,7 +14748,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447975"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447379"></a><a name="_Toc53320604"><span lang=EN-US>8.2 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>8-2 linux/kernel/traps.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>8-2 linux/kernel/traps.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -14788,64 +14788,64 @@ but possibly by killing it outright if necessary).</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ڳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>asm.s</span>�б�����һЩ״̬�󣬱�������������Ӳ������͹��ϡ�Ŀǰ��Ҫ���ڵ���Ŀ�ģ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>在程序<span
+lang=EN-US>asm.s</span>中保存了一些状态后，本程序用来处理硬件陷阱和故障。目前主要用于调试目的，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�Ժ���չ����ɱ�����𻵵Ľ��̣���Ҫ��ͨ������һ���źţ��������ҪҲ��ֱ��ɱ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>以后将扩展用来杀死遭损坏的进程（主要是通过发送一个信号，但如果必要也会直接杀死）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
-#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���ͷ�ļ�����Ҫ������һЩ�й��ڴ���ַ���������Ƕ�뺯����</p>
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串头文件。主要定义了一些有关内存或字符串操作的嵌入函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/head.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // head</span>ͷ�ļ��������˶��������ļ򵥽ṹ���ͼ���ѡ���������</p>
+#include &lt;linux/head.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // head</span>头文件，定义了段描述符的简单结构，和几个选择符常量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>����ʼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ݣ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、初始任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的数据，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����һЩ�й��������������úͻ�ȡ��Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ������䡣</p>
+// </span>还有一些有关描述符参数设置和获取的嵌入式汇编函数宏语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ������������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵȵ�Ƕ��ʽ���ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义了设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等的嵌入式汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>���ͷ�ļ�������Ӳ���˿�����<span lang=EN-US>/</span>���������䡣</p>
+#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>输出头文件。定义硬件端口输入<span lang=EN-US>/</span>输出宏汇编语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������䶨��������Ƕ��ʽ������亯�����й�Ƕ��ʽ���Ļ����﷨���������б����˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下语句定义了三个嵌入式汇编宏语句函数。有关嵌入式汇编的基本语法见本程序列表后的说明。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Բ������ס�������䣨�������е���䣩������Ϊ����ʽʹ�ã���������<span
-lang=EN-US>__res</span>�������ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用圆括号括住的组合语句（花括号中的语句）可以作为表达式使用，其中最后的<span
+lang=EN-US>__res</span>是其输出值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>23</span>�ж�����һ���Ĵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>__res</span>���ñ�������������һ���Ĵ����У��Ա��ڿ��ٷ��ʺͲ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>23</span>行定义了一个寄存器变量<span
+lang=EN-US>__res</span>。该变量将被保存在一个寄存器中，以便于快速访问和操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ָ���Ĵ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>������ô���ǿ��԰Ѹþ�д�ɡ�<span lang=EN-US>register char __res asm(&quot;ax&quot;);</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果想指定寄存器（例如<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>），那么我们可以把该句写成“<span lang=EN-US>register char __res asm(&quot;ax&quot;);</span>”。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>seg</span>�е�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>����һ���ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取段<span lang=EN-US>seg</span>中地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>处的一个字节。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>seg
-- </span>��ѡ�����<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>����ָ����ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>seg
+- </span>段选择符；<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>段内指定地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>%0
-- eax (__res)</span>�����룺<span lang=EN-US>%1 - eax (seg)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%2 - </span>�ڴ��ַ <span lang=EN-US>(*(addr))</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输出：<span lang=EN-US>%0
+- eax (__res)</span>；输入：<span lang=EN-US>%1 - eax (seg)</span>；<span
+lang=EN-US>%2 - </span>内存地址 <span lang=EN-US>(*(addr))</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>get_seg_byte</span></u>(seg,addr) ({ \</span></p>
@@ -14865,15 +14865,15 @@ __res;})</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>seg</span>�е�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>����һ�����֣�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取段<span lang=EN-US>seg</span>中地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>处的一个长字（<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>seg
-- </span>��ѡ�����<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>����ָ����ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>seg
+- </span>段选择符；<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>段内指定地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>%0
-- eax (__res)</span>�����룺<span lang=EN-US>%1 - eax (seg)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%2 - </span>�ڴ��ַ <span lang=EN-US>(*(addr))</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输出：<span lang=EN-US>%0
+- eax (__res)</span>；输入：<span lang=EN-US>%1 - eax (seg)</span>；<span
+lang=EN-US>%2 - </span>内存地址 <span lang=EN-US>(*(addr))</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>get_seg_long</span></u>(seg,addr) ({ \</span></p>
@@ -14894,10 +14894,10 @@ __res;})</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>�μĴ�����ֵ��ѡ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>段寄存器的值（选择符）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>%0
-- eax (__res)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输出：<span lang=EN-US>%0
+- eax (__res)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_fs</span></u>() ({ \</span></p>
@@ -14913,122 +14913,122 @@ __res;})</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���¶�����һЩ����ԭ�͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下定义了一些函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>page_exception</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ҳ�쳣��ʵ����<span lang=EN-US>page_fault</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>mm/page.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>14</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>页异常。实际是<span lang=EN-US>page_fault</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>mm/page.s</span>，<span lang=EN-US>14</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>divide_error</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>20</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int0</span>（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>20</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>debug</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>54</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int1</span>（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>54</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>nmi</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>58</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int2</span>（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>58</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u> void
 <u><span style='color:blue'>int3</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int3</span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>62</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int3</span>（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>62</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>overflow</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int4</span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>66</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int4</span>（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>66</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>bounds</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int5</span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>70</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int5</span>（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>70</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>invalid_op</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int6</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>74</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int6</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>，<span lang=EN-US>74</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>device_not_available</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int7</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>158</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int7</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>，<span lang=EN-US>158</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>double_fault</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int8</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>98</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int8</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>，<span lang=EN-US>98</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>coprocessor_segment_overrun</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// int9</span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>78</span>����</p>
+// int9</span>（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>，<span lang=EN-US>78</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>invalid_TSS</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-int10</span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>132</span>����</p>
+int10</span>（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>，<span lang=EN-US>132</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>segment_not_present</span></u>(void);&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-int11</span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>136</span>����</p>
+int11</span>（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>，<span lang=EN-US>136</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>stack_segment</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int12</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>140</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int12</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>，<span lang=EN-US>140</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>general_protection</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int13</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>144</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int13</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>，<span lang=EN-US>144</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>page_fault</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-int14</span>��<span lang=EN-US>mm/page.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>14</span>����</p>
+int14</span>（<span lang=EN-US>mm/page.s</span>，<span lang=EN-US>14</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>coprocessor_error</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int16</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>140</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int16</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>，<span lang=EN-US>140</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>reserved</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-int15</span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>82</span>����</p>
+int15</span>（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>，<span lang=EN-US>82</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>parallel_interrupt</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int39</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>295</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int39</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>，<span lang=EN-US>295</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>irq13</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int45 </span>Э�������жϴ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>86</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// int45 </span>协处理器中断处理（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>，<span lang=EN-US>86</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>alignment_check</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// int46</span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>148</span>����</p>
+// int46</span>（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/asm.s</span>，<span lang=EN-US>148</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ӳ���������ӡ�����жϵ����ơ������š����ó����<span
-lang=EN-US>EIP</span>��<span lang=EN-US>EFLAGS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ESP</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>�μĴ���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该子程序用来打印出错中断的名称、出错号、调用程序的<span
+lang=EN-US>EIP</span>、<span lang=EN-US>EFLAGS</span>、<span lang=EN-US>ESP</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>段寄存器值、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�εĻ�ַ���εĳ��ȡ����̺�<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>������š�<span lang=EN-US>10</span>�ֽ�ָ���롣�����ջ���û����ݶΣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>段的基址、段的长度、进程号<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>、任务号、<span lang=EN-US>10</span>字节指令码。如果堆栈在用户数据段，则还</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ӡ<span lang=EN-US>16</span>�ֽڵĶ�ջ���ݡ���Щ��Ϣ�����ڳ�����ԡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>打印<span lang=EN-US>16</span>字节的堆栈内容。这些信息可用于程序调试。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(char * <u><span
@@ -15048,20 +15048,20 @@ int i;</span></p>
 <u><span style='color:blue'>printk</span></u>(<i>&quot;%s: %04x\n\r&quot;</i>,<u><span
 style='color:blue'>str</span></u>,nr&amp;0xffff);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���д�ӡ�����ʾ��ǰ���ý��̵�<span
-lang=EN-US>CS:EIP</span>��<span lang=EN-US>EFLAGS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SS:ESP</span>��ֵ������<b>����<span lang=EN-US>!</span>δ�ҵ�����Դ��</b>��֪������<span lang=EN-US>esp[0]</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下行打印语句显示当前调用进程的<span
+lang=EN-US>CS:EIP</span>、<span lang=EN-US>EFLAGS</span>和<span lang=EN-US>SS:ESP</span>的值。参照<b>错误<span lang=EN-US>!</span>未找到引用源。</b>可知，这里<span lang=EN-US>esp[0]</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊͼ�е�<span lang=EN-US>esp0</span>λ�á�������ǰ�����ֿ�����Ϊ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即为图中的<span lang=EN-US>esp0</span>位置。因此我们把这句拆分开来看为：</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // (1) EIP:\t%04x:%p\n&nbsp; --
-esp[1]</span>�Ƕ�ѡ�����<span lang=EN-US>cs</span>����<span lang=EN-US>esp[0]</span>��<span
+esp[1]</span>是段选择符（<span lang=EN-US>cs</span>），<span lang=EN-US>esp[0]</span>是<span
 lang=EN-US>eip</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // (2)
-EFLAGS:\t%p&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- esp[2]</span>��<span lang=EN-US>eflags</span></p>
+EFLAGS:\t%p&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- esp[2]</span>是<span lang=EN-US>eflags</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // (3) ESP:\t%04x:%p\n&nbsp; --
-esp[4]</span>��ԭ<span lang=EN-US>ss</span>��<span lang=EN-US>esp[3]</span>��ԭ<span
+esp[4]</span>是原<span lang=EN-US>ss</span>，<span lang=EN-US>esp[3]</span>是原<span
 lang=EN-US>esp</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -15081,11 +15081,11 @@ style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;ldt[1]),<u><span style='color:blue'>ge
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (esp[4] == 0x17) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��ԭ<span lang=EN-US>ss</span>ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>0x17</span>���û�ջ�����򻹴�ӡ��</p>
+</span>若原<span lang=EN-US>ss</span>值为<span lang=EN-US>0x17</span>（用户栈），则还打印出</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>printk</span></u>(<i>&quot;Stack: &quot;</i>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�û�ջ�е�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>������ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>16</span>�ֽڣ���</p>
+// </span>用户栈中的<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个长字值（<span lang=EN-US>16</span>字节）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for
 (i=0;i&lt;4;i++)</span></p>
@@ -15102,13 +15102,13 @@ style='color:blue'>get_seg_long</span></u>(0x17,i+(long *)esp[3]));</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>str</span></u>(i);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��ǰ�������������ţ�<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/sched.h</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>210</span>�У���</p>
+// </span>取当前运行任务的任务号（<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/sched.h</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>210</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>printk</span></u>(<i>&quot;Pid: %d, process nr:
 %d\n\r&quot;</i>,<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;pid,0xffff
-&amp; i); // </span>���̺ţ�����š�</p>
+&amp; i); // </span>进程号，任务号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for(i=0;i&lt;10;i++)</span></p>
@@ -15129,8 +15129,8 @@ for(i=0;i&lt;10;i++)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Щ��<span lang=EN-US>do_</span>��ͷ�ĺ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>asm.s</span>�ж�Ӧ�жϴ���������õ�<span lang=EN-US>C</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下这些以<span lang=EN-US>do_</span>开头的函数是<span
+lang=EN-US>asm.s</span>中对应中断处理程序调用的<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>do_double_fault</span></u>(long esp, long
@@ -15189,8 +15189,8 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǽ����жϺ�˳��ѹ���ջ�ļĴ���ֵ���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>asm.s</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>24--35</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数是进入中断后被顺序压入堆栈的寄存器值。参见<span
+lang=EN-US>asm.s</span>程序第<span lang=EN-US>24--35</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>do_int3</span></u>(long * esp,
@@ -15220,8 +15220,8 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; __asm__(<i>&quot;str
 %%ax&quot;</i>:<i>&quot;=a&quot;</i> (tr):<i>&quot;&quot;</i> (0));&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ȡ����Ĵ���ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>tr</span>��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>取任务寄存器值<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>tr</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -15471,20 +15471,20 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>184</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������쳣�����壩�жϳ����ʼ���ӳ����������ǵ��жϵ����ţ��ж���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面是异常（陷阱）中断程序初始化子程序。设置它们的中断调用门（中断向量）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // set_trap_gate()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>set_system_gate()</span>��ʹ�����ж���������<span lang=EN-US>IDT</span>�е������ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>Trap Gate</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // set_trap_gate()</span>与<span
+lang=EN-US>set_system_gate()</span>都使用了中断描述符表<span lang=EN-US>IDT</span>中的陷阱门（<span
+lang=EN-US>Trap Gate</span>），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����֮�����Ҫ��������ǰ�����õ���Ȩ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>3</span>����˶ϵ������ж�<span lang=EN-US>int3</span>������ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>它们之间的主要区别在于前者设置的特权级为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，后者是<span lang=EN-US>3</span>。因此断点陷阱中断<span lang=EN-US>int3</span>、溢出中断</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // overflow </span>�ͱ߽�����ж�<span
-lang=EN-US> bounds </span>�������κγ�����á� ��������������Ƕ��ʽ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // overflow </span>和边界出错中断<span
+lang=EN-US> bounds </span>可以由任何程序调用。 这两个函数均是嵌入式汇编宏程序，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�μ�<span lang=EN-US>include/asm/system.h</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>36</span>�С�<span lang=EN-US>39</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参见<span lang=EN-US>include/asm/system.h</span>，第<span
+lang=EN-US>36</span>行、<span lang=EN-US>39</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>185</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>trap_init</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -15501,7 +15501,7 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>set_trap_gate</span></u>(0,&amp;<u><span style='color:blue'>divide_error</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ó������������ж�����ֵ��������ͬ��</p>
+// </span>设置除操作出错的中断向量值。以下雷同。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -15520,7 +15520,7 @@ int3-5 can be called from all */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>set_system_gate</span></u>(4,&amp;<u><span style='color:
-blue'>overflow</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/* int3-5 </span>���Ա����г���ִ��<span
+blue'>overflow</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/* int3-5 </span>可以被所有程序执行<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
@@ -15578,8 +15578,8 @@ style='color:blue'>set_trap_gate</span></u>(17,&amp;<u><span style='color:blue'>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>int17-47</span>���������Ⱦ�����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>reserved</span>���Ժ��Ӳ����ʼ��ʱ�����������Լ��������š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面把<span lang=EN-US>int17-47</span>的陷阱门先均设置为<span
+lang=EN-US>reserved</span>，以后各硬件初始化时会重新设置自己的陷阱门。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>207</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for
@@ -15592,8 +15592,8 @@ style='color:blue'>reserved</span></u>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Э�������ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x2d</span>��<span lang=EN-US>45</span>����������������������������ж��������ò��п��ж���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置协处理器中断<span
+lang=EN-US>0x2d</span>（<span lang=EN-US>45</span>）陷阱门描述符，并允许其产生中断请求。设置并行口中断描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>209</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -15602,19 +15602,19 @@ style='color:blue'>set_trap_gate</span></u>(45,&amp;<u><span style='color:blue'>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>210</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>inb_p</span></u>(0x21)&amp;0xfb,0x21);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>��оƬ��<span
-lang=EN-US>IRQ2</span>�ж�����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>允许<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>主芯片的<span
+lang=EN-US>IRQ2</span>中断请求。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>211</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>inb_p</span></u>(0xA1)&amp;0xdf,0xA1);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>��оƬ��<span
-lang=EN-US>IRQ13</span>�ж�����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>允许<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>从芯片的<span
+lang=EN-US>IRQ13</span>中断请求。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>212</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>set_trap_gate</span></u>(39,&amp;<u><span style='color:blue'>parallel_interrupt</span></u>);&nbsp;
-// </span>���ò��п�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���ж�<span lang=EN-US>0x27</span>��������������</p>
+// </span>设置并行口<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的中断<span lang=EN-US>0x27</span>陷阱门描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -15638,7 +15638,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447976"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447380"></a><a name="_Toc53320605"><span lang=EN-US>8.3 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>8-3 linux/kernel/sys_call.s</span></a><span
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>8-3 linux/kernel/sys_call.s</span></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -15744,46 +15744,46 @@ routines.</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * system_call.s</span>�ļ�����ϵͳ���ã�<span
-lang=EN-US>system-call</span>���ײ㴦���ӳ���������Щ����Ƚ����ƣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * system_call.s</span>文件包含系统调用（<span
+lang=EN-US>system-call</span>）底层处理子程序。由于有些代码比较类似，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ͬʱҲ����ʱ���жϴ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>timer-interrupt</span>�������Ӳ�̺����̵��жϴ�������Ҳ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>所以同时也包括时钟中断处理（<span
+lang=EN-US>timer-interrupt</span>）句柄。硬盘和软盘的中断处理程序也在这里。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�⣺��δ��봦���źţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>signal</span>��ʶ����ÿ��ʱ���жϺ�ϵͳ����֮�󶼻����ʶ��һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意：这段代码处理信号（<span
+lang=EN-US>signal</span>）识别，在每次时钟中断和系统调用之后都会进行识别。一般</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�жϹ��̲��������ź�ʶ����Ϊ���ϵͳ��ɻ��ҡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>中断过程并不处理信号识别，因为会给系统造成混乱。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ϵͳ���÷��أ�<span
-lang=EN-US>'ret_from_system_call'</span>��ʱ��ջ�����ݼ�����<span lang=EN-US>19-30</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>从系统调用返回（<span
+lang=EN-US>'ret_from_system_call'</span>）时堆栈的内容见上面<span lang=EN-US>19-30</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����<span lang=EN-US>Linus</span>ԭע����һ���жϹ�����ָ����ϵͳ�����жϣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>����ʱ���жϣ�<span lang=EN-US>int 0x20</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>上面<span lang=EN-US>Linus</span>原注释中一般中断过程是指除了系统调用中断（<span
+lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>）和时钟中断（<span lang=EN-US>int 0x20</span>）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����������жϡ���Щ�жϻ����ں�̬���û�̬���������������Щ�жϹ�����Ҳ�����ź�ʶ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>以外的其他中断。这些中断会在内核态或用户态随机发生，若在这些中断过程中也处理信号识别</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�Ļ������п�����ϵͳ�����жϺ�ʱ���жϹ����ж��źŵ�ʶ�����������ͻ����Υ�����ں�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>的话，就有可能与系统调用中断和时钟中断过程中对信号的识别处理过程相冲突，，违反了内核</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�������ռԭ�����ϵͳ���ޱ�Ҫ����Щ���������ж��д����źţ�Ҳ��������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>代码非抢占原则。因此系统既无必要在这些“其他”中断中处理信号，也不允许这样做。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 SIG_CHLD&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = 17&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>����<span lang=EN-US>SIG_CHLD</span>�źţ��ӽ���ֹͣ���������</p>
+# </span>定义<span lang=EN-US>SIG_CHLD</span>信号（子进程停止或结束）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>
 EAX&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
-0x00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��ջ�и����Ĵ�����ƫ��λ�á�</p>
+0x00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>堆栈中各个寄存器的偏移位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 EBX&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
@@ -15799,7 +15799,7 @@ EDX&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 ORIG_EAX&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = 0x10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>�������ϵͳ���ã��������жϣ�ʱ����ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>如果不是系统调用（是其它中断）时，该值为<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>
 FS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -15816,7 +15816,7 @@ DS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 EIP&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
 0x20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #
-44 -- 48</span>�� ��<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>�Զ���ջ��</p>
+44 -- 48</span>行 由<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>自动入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>
 CS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -15827,76 +15827,76 @@ EFLAGS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = 0x28</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 OLDESP&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = 0x2C&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>����Ȩ���仯ʱ��ԭ��ջָ��Ҳ����ջ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>当特权级变化时，原堆栈指针也会入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
 OLDSS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = 0x30</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������Щ������ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>���б�����ƫ��ֵ���μ�<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/sched.h</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>105</span>�п�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>以下这些是任务结构（<span
+lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>）中变量的偏移值，参见<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/sched.h</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>105</span>行开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 state&nbsp;&nbsp; =
 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #
-these are offsets into the task-struct.&nbsp; # </span>����״̬�롣</p>
+these are offsets into the task-struct.&nbsp; # </span>进程状态码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 counter = 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>��������ʱ�����<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�ݼ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>���δ�����������ʱ��Ƭ��</p>
+# </span>任务运行时间计数<span lang=EN-US>(</span>递减<span lang=EN-US>)</span>（滴答数），运行时间片。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 priority = 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #
-</span>����������������ʼ����ʱ<span lang=EN-US>counter=priority</span>��Խ��������ʱ��Խ����</p>
+</span>运行优先数。任务开始运行时<span lang=EN-US>counter=priority</span>，越大则运行时间越长。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>
 signal&nbsp; = 12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>���ź�λͼ��ÿ������λ����һ���źţ��ź�ֵ<span lang=EN-US>=</span>λƫ��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>+1</span>��</p>
+# </span>是信号位图，每个比特位代表一种信号，信号值<span lang=EN-US>=</span>位偏移值<span lang=EN-US>+1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>
 sigaction = 16&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # MUST be
-16 (=len of sigaction) # sigaction</span>�ṹ���ȱ�����<span lang=EN-US>16</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+16 (=len of sigaction) # sigaction</span>结构长度必须是<span lang=EN-US>16</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>
-blocked = (33*16)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�������ź�λͼ��ƫ������</p>
+blocked = (33*16)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>受阻塞信号位图的偏移量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���¶�����<span lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>�ṹ�е�ƫ�������μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>include/signal.h</span>����<span lang=EN-US>55</span>�п�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>以下定义在<span lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>结构中的偏移量，参见<span
+lang=EN-US>include/signal.h</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>55</span>行开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u> #
 offsets within sigaction</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>
 sa_handler = 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-</span>�źŴ������̵ľ��������������</p>
+</span>信号处理过程的句柄（描述符）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>
 sa_mask = 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>�ź������롣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>信号屏蔽码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>
 sa_flags = 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-</span>�źż���</p>
+</span>信号集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>
 sa_restorer = 12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-</span>�ָ�����ָ�룬�μ�<span lang=EN-US>kernel/signal.c</span>����˵����</p>
+</span>恢复函数指针，参见<span lang=EN-US>kernel/signal.c</span>程序说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>
 nr_system_calls = 82&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-Linux 0.12</span>���ں��е�ϵͳ����������</p>
+Linux 0.12</span>版内核中的系统调用总数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>
 ENOSYS = 38&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>ϵͳ���úų����롣</p>
+# </span>系统调用号出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -15911,7 +15911,7 @@ ENOSYS = 38&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���ˣ���ʹ������ʱ���յ��˲��д�ӡ���жϣ�����֡��ǣ����ڲ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>好了，在使用软驱时我收到了并行打印机中断，很奇怪。呵，现在不管它。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -15926,31 +15926,31 @@ ENOSYS = 38&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ϵͳ���úŴ���ʱ�����س�����<span
-lang=EN-US>-ENOSYS</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>系统调用号错误时将返回出错码<span
+lang=EN-US>-ENOSYS</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u>
 .align 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-</span>�ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڶ��롣</p>
+</span>内存<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节对齐。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>
 bad_sys_call:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pushl $-ENOSYS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-eax</span>����<span lang=EN-US>-ENOSYS</span>��</p>
+eax</span>中置<span lang=EN-US>-ENOSYS</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmp ret_from_sys_call</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>����ִ�е��ȳ�����ڡ����ȳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>schedule()</span>�ڣ�<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>119</span>�д���ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>重新执行调度程序入口。调度程序<span
+lang=EN-US>schedule()</span>在（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>119</span>行处开始。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�����ȳ���<span lang=EN-US>schedule()</span>����ʱ�ʹ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ret_from_sys_call</span>����<span lang=EN-US>107</span>�У�����ִ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>当调度程序<span lang=EN-US>schedule()</span>返回时就从<span
+lang=EN-US>ret_from_sys_call</span>处（<span lang=EN-US>107</span>行）继续执行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>
 .align 2</span></p>
@@ -15959,16 +15959,16 @@ lang=EN-US>ret_from_sys_call</span>����<span lang=EN-US>107</span>�У
 reschedule:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-pushl $ret_from_sys_call&nbsp; &nbsp;# </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ret_from_sys_call</span>�ĵ�ַ��ջ��<span
-lang=EN-US>107</span>�У���</p>
+pushl $ret_from_sys_call&nbsp; &nbsp;# </span>将<span lang=EN-US>ret_from_sys_call</span>的地址入栈（<span
+lang=EN-US>107</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmp _schedule</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #### int 0x80 --linux</span>ϵͳ������ڵ㣨�����ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>��<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>���ǵ��úţ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #### int 0x80 --linux</span>系统调用入口点（调用中断<span
+lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>，<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>中是调用号）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>
 .align 2</span></p>
@@ -15978,7 +15978,7 @@ _system_call:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 push %ds&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>����ԭ�μĴ���ֵ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>保存原段寄存器值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 push %es</span></p>
@@ -15989,24 +15989,24 @@ push %fs</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pushl
 %eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# save the orig_eax&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>ԭֵ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# save the orig_eax&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>保存<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>原值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;# </span>һ��ϵͳ�������ɴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>��������Ҳ���Բ���������������ջ��<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>�з���ϵͳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;# </span>一个系统调用最多可带有<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>个参数，也可以不带参数。下面入栈的<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>ecx</span>和<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>中放着系统</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>C</span>���Ժ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>99</span>�У��ĵ��ò������⼸���Ĵ�����ջ��˳������<span lang=EN-US>GNU gcc</span>�涨�ģ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>调用相应<span lang=EN-US>C</span>语言函数（见第<span
+lang=EN-US>99</span>行）的调用参数。这几个寄存器入栈的顺序是由<span lang=EN-US>GNU gcc</span>规定的，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # ebx</span>�пɴ�ŵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>�д�ŵ�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>edx</span>�д�ŵ�<span lang=EN-US>3</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # ebx</span>中可存放第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数，<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>中存放第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个参数，<span
+lang=EN-US>edx</span>中存放第<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个参数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ϵͳ�������ɲμ�ͷ�ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>include/unistd.h</span>�е�<span lang=EN-US>150</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>200</span>�е�ϵͳ���úꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>系统调用语句可参见头文件<span
+lang=EN-US>include/unistd.h</span>中第<span lang=EN-US>150</span>到<span
+lang=EN-US>200</span>行的系统调用宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pushl
@@ -16025,14 +16025,14 @@ pushl
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�ڱ�����μĴ���֮����<span
-lang=EN-US>ds,es</span>ָ���ں����ݶΣ���<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>ָ��ǰ�ֲ����ݶΣ���ָ��ִ�б�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>在保存过段寄存器之后，让<span
+lang=EN-US>ds,es</span>指向内核数据段，而<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>指向当前局部数据段，即指向执行本</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��ϵͳ���õ��û���������ݶΡ�ע�⣬��<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux 0.12</span>���ں˸��������Ĵ���������ڴ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>次系统调用的用户程序的数据段。注意，在<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux 0.12</span>中内核给任务分配的代码和数据内存段</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���ص��ģ����ǵĶλ�ַ�Ͷ��޳���ͬ���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>fork.c</span>������<span lang=EN-US>copy_mem()</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>是重叠的，它们的段基址和段限长相同。参见<span
+lang=EN-US>fork.c</span>程序中<span lang=EN-US>copy_mem()</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;movl
 $0x10,%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
@@ -16054,51 +16054,51 @@ mov %dx,%fs</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-cmpl _NR_syscalls,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���ú����������Χ�Ļ�����ת��</p>
+cmpl _NR_syscalls,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>调用号如果超出范围的话就跳转。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jae bad_sys_call</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�������������ĺ����ǣ����õ�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>=[_sys_call_table + %eax * 4]</span>���μ�������˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>下面这句操作数的含义是：调用地址<span
+lang=EN-US>=[_sys_call_table + %eax * 4]</span>。参见程序后的说明。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # sys_call_table[]</span>��һ��ָ�����飬������<span
-lang=EN-US>include/linux/sys.h</span>�У����������������ں�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # sys_call_table[]</span>是一个指针数组，定义在<span
+lang=EN-US>include/linux/sys.h</span>中，该数组中设置了内核</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����<span lang=EN-US>82</span>��ϵͳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>���������ĵ�ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>所有<span lang=EN-US>82</span>个系统调用<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>处理函数的地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-call _sys_call_table(,%eax,4)&nbsp; &nbsp;# </span>��ӵ���ָ������<span lang=EN-US>C</span>������</p>
+call _sys_call_table(,%eax,4)&nbsp; &nbsp;# </span>间接调用指定功能<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;pushl %eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>��ϵͳ���÷���ֵ��ջ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>把系统调用返回值入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����<span lang=EN-US>101-106</span>�в鿴��ǰ���������״̬��������ھ���״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>state</span>������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ȥִ�е���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>下面<span lang=EN-US>101-106</span>行查看当前任务的运行状态。如果不在就绪状态（<span
+lang=EN-US>state</span>不等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）就去执行调度</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��������������ھ���״̬��������ʱ��Ƭ�Ѿ����꣨<span
-lang=EN-US>counter=0</span>������Ҳȥִ�е��ȳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>程序。如果该任务在就绪状态，但是其时间片已经用完（<span
+lang=EN-US>counter=0</span>），则也去执行调度程序。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���統��̨�������еĽ���ִ�п����ն˶�д����ʱ����ôĬ�������¸ú�̨���������н���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>例如当后台进程组中的进程执行控制终端读写操作时，那么默认条件下该后台进程组所有进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���յ�<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTIN</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>�źţ����½����������н��̴���ֹͣ״̬������ǰ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>会收到<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTIN</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>信号，导致进程组中所有进程处于停止状态。而当前进程则会立刻</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 2:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>102</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl _current,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>ȡ��ǰ���񣨽��̣����ݽṹָ��<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
-Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span>��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>取当前任务（进程）数据结构指针<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
+Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>103</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpl
@@ -16116,18 +16116,18 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je reschedule</span>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������δ���ִ�д�ϵͳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>�������غ󣬶��źŽ���ʶ�����������жϷ�������˳�ʱҲ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>以下这段代码执行从系统调用<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数返回后，对信号进行识别处理。其他中断服务程序退出时也</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����ת��������д�������˳��жϹ��̣��������<span
-lang=EN-US>131</span>���ϵĴ����������ж�<span lang=EN-US>int 16</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>将跳转到这里进行处理后才退出中断过程，例如后面<span
+lang=EN-US>131</span>行上的处理器出错中断<span lang=EN-US>int 16</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�����б�ǰ�����Ƿ��ǳ�ʼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>task0</span>��������򲻱ض�������ź�������Ĵ�����ֱ�ӷ��ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>首先判别当前任务是否是初始任务<span
+lang=EN-US>task0</span>，如果是则不必对其进行信号量方面的处理，直接返回。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 109</span>���ϵ�<span lang=EN-US>_task</span>��Ӧ<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>�����е�<span lang=EN-US>task[]</span>���飬ֱ������<span lang=EN-US>task</span>�൱������<span
-lang=EN-US>task[0]</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 109</span>行上的<span lang=EN-US>_task</span>对应<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>程序中的<span lang=EN-US>task[]</span>数组，直接引用<span lang=EN-US>task</span>相当于引用<span
+lang=EN-US>task[0]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>107</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> ret_from_sys_call:</span></p>
@@ -16142,24 +16142,24 @@ task[0] cannot have signals</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je 3f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>��ǰ<span lang=EN-US>(forward)</span>��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>���˳��жϴ�����</p>
+# </span>向前<span lang=EN-US>(forward)</span>跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>3</span>处退出中断处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ͨ����ԭ���ó������ѡ����ļ�����жϵ��ó����Ƿ����û��������������ֱ���˳��жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>通过对原调用程序代码选择符的检查来判断调用程序是否是用户任务。如果不是则直接退出中断。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������Ϊ�������ں�ִ̬��ʱ������ռ���������������ź�����ʶ����������Ƚ�ѡ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>这是因为任务在内核态执行时不可抢占。否则对任务进行信号量的识别处理。这里比较选择符是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��Ϊ�û�����ε�ѡ��� <span
-lang=EN-US>0x000f</span>��<span lang=EN-US>RPL=3</span>���ֲ���������Σ����ж��Ƿ�Ϊ�û������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>否为用户代码段的选择符 <span
+lang=EN-US>0x000f</span>（<span lang=EN-US>RPL=3</span>，局部表，代码段）来判断是否为用户任务。如果不是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��˵����ĳ���жϷ�����������ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>16</span>����ת����<span lang=EN-US>107</span>��ִ�е��ˣ�������ת�˳��жϳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>则说明是某个中断服务程序（例如中断<span
+lang=EN-US>16</span>）跳转到第<span lang=EN-US>107</span>行执行到此，于是跳转退出中断程序。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���⣬���ԭ��ջ��ѡ�����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0x17</span>����ԭ��ջ�����û����У���Ҳ˵������ϵͳ���õĵ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>另外，如果原堆栈段选择符不为<span
+lang=EN-US>0x17</span>（即原堆栈不在用户段中），也说明本次系统调用的调用者</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�����û�������Ҳ�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>不是用户任务，则也退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>111</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpw
@@ -16178,83 +16178,83 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jne 3f</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������δ��루<span
-lang=EN-US>115-128</span>�����ڴ�����ǰ�����е��źš�����ȡ��ǰ����ṹ�е��ź�λͼ��<span lang=EN-US>32</span>λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>下面这段代码（<span
+lang=EN-US>115-128</span>）用于处理当前任务中的信号。首先取当前任务结构中的信号位图（<span lang=EN-US>32</span>位，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ÿλ����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���źţ���Ȼ��������ṹ�е��ź����������Σ��룬�������������ź�λ��ȡ����ֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>每位代表<span lang=EN-US>1</span>种信号），然后用任务结构中的信号阻塞（屏蔽）码，阻塞不允许的信号位，取得数值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��С���ź�ֵ���ٰ�ԭ�ź�λͼ�и��źŶ�Ӧ��λ��λ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������󽫸��ź�ֵ��Ϊ����֮һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>最小的信号值，再把原信号位图中该信号对应的位复位（置<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>），最后将该信号值作为参数之一调</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��<span lang=EN-US>do_signal()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>do_signal()</span>�ڣ�<span lang=EN-US>kernel/signal.c,128</span>���У����������<span
-lang=EN-US>13</span>����ջ����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>用<span lang=EN-US>do_signal()</span>。<span
+lang=EN-US>do_signal()</span>在（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/signal.c,128</span>）中，其参数包括<span
+lang=EN-US>13</span>个入栈的信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��<span lang=EN-US>do_signal()</span>���źŴ�����������֮��������ֵ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ٿ����Ƿ���Ҫ�л����̻��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>在<span lang=EN-US>do_signal()</span>或信号处理函数返回之后，若返回值不为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>则再看看是否需要切换进程或继续处理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�����źš�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>其它信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>115</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
-signal(%eax),%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ȡ�ź�λͼ<span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>��ÿ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>λ����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���źţ���<span lang=EN-US>32</span>���źš�</p>
+signal(%eax),%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>取信号位图<span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>，每<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>位代表<span lang=EN-US>1</span>种信号，共<span lang=EN-US>32</span>个信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
-blocked(%eax),%ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ȡ���������Σ��ź�λͼ<span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��</p>
+blocked(%eax),%ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>取阻塞（屏蔽）信号位图<span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; notl %ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>ÿλȡ����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>每位取反。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; andl %ebx,%ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>������ɵ��ź�λͼ��</p>
+# </span>获得许可的信号位图。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bsfl %ecx,%ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>�ӵ�λ��λ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʼɨ��λͼ�����Ƿ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��λ��</p>
+# </span>从低位（位<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）开始扫描位图，看是否有<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的位，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>���У���<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>������λ��ƫ��ֵ�����ڼ�λ<span lang=EN-US>0--31</span>����</p>
+# </span>若有，则<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>保留该位的偏移值（即第几位<span lang=EN-US>0--31</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>120</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je 3f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>���û���ź�����ǰ��ת�˳���</p>
+# </span>如果没有信号则向前跳转退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>121</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; btrl %ecx,%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>��λ���źţ�<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>����ԭ<span lang=EN-US>signal</span>λͼ����</p>
+# </span>复位该信号（<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>含有原<span lang=EN-US>signal</span>位图）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
-%ebx,signal(%eax)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���±���<span lang=EN-US>signal</span>λͼ��Ϣ<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>current-&gt;signal</span>��</p>
+%ebx,signal(%eax)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>重新保存<span lang=EN-US>signal</span>位图信息<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>current-&gt;signal</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>123</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; incl %ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>���źŵ���Ϊ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ʼ������<span lang=EN-US>1--32</span>����</p>
+# </span>将信号调整为从<span lang=EN-US>1</span>开始的数（<span lang=EN-US>1--32</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>124</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl %ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>�ź�ֵ��ջ��Ϊ����<span lang=EN-US>do_signal</span>�Ĳ���֮һ��</p>
+# </span>信号值入栈作为调用<span lang=EN-US>do_signal</span>的参数之一。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>125</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call _do_signal&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>����<span lang=EN-US>C</span>�����źŴ�������<span lang=EN-US>kernel/signal.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>128</span>����</p>
+# </span>调用<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数信号处理程序（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/signal.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>128</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>126</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; popl %ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>������ջ���ź�ֵ��</p>
+# </span>弹出入栈的信号值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>127</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testl %eax, %eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>���Է���ֵ������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ת��ǰ����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>101</span>�У�����</p>
+# </span>测试返回值，若不为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>则跳转到前面标号<span lang=EN-US>2</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>101</span>行）处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>128</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jne
@@ -16265,7 +16265,7 @@ see if we need to switch tasks, or do more signals</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>129</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 3:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; popl %eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# eax</span>�к��е�<span lang=EN-US>100</span>����ջ��ϵͳ���÷���ֵ��</p>
+# eax</span>中含有第<span lang=EN-US>100</span>行入栈的系统调用返回值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; popl %ebx</span></p>
@@ -16279,7 +16279,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; popl %edx</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addl $4,
 %esp&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-skip orig_eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������������ԭ<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>ֵ��</p>
+skip orig_eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>跳过（丢弃）原<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;pop %fs</span></p>
@@ -16296,17 +16296,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; iret</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #### int16 -- </span>�����������жϡ�<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>���ͣ������޴����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #### int16 -- </span>处理器错误中断。<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>类型：错误；无错误码。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����һ���ⲿ�Ļ���Ӳ�����쳣����Э��������⵽�Լ���������ʱ���ͻ�ͨ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ERROR</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>这是一个外部的基于硬件的异常。当协处理器检测到自己发生错误时，就会通过<span
+lang=EN-US>ERROR</span>引脚</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>֪ͨ<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>������������ڴ���Э�����������ĳ����źš�����תȥִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>����<span lang=EN-US>math_error()</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>通知<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>。下面代码用于处理协处理器发出的出错信号。并跳转去执行<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数<span lang=EN-US>math_error()</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/math/error.c
-11</span>�������غ���ת�����<span lang=EN-US>ret_from_sys_call</span>������ִ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/math/error.c
+11</span>）。返回后将跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>ret_from_sys_call</span>处继续执行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> .align 2</span></p>
@@ -16326,8 +16326,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; push %fs</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>144</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl
 $-1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# fill in -1 for orig_eax&nbsp; # </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>-1</span>����������ϵͳ���á�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# fill in -1 for orig_eax&nbsp; # </span>填<span
+lang=EN-US>-1</span>，表明不是系统调用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>145</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl %edx</span></p>
@@ -16343,7 +16343,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl %eax</span></p
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl $0x10,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;# ds,es</span>��Ϊָ���ں����ݶΡ�</p>
+&nbsp;# ds,es</span>置为指向内核数据段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%ds</span></p>
@@ -16353,48 +16353,48 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%es</span></
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl $0x17,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;# fs</span>��Ϊָ��ֲ����ݶΣ�������������ݶΣ���</p>
+&nbsp;# fs</span>置为指向局部数据段（出错程序的数据段）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%fs</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl $ret_from_sys_call&nbsp;
-&nbsp;# </span>��������÷��صĵ�ַ��ջ��</p>
+&nbsp;# </span>把下面调用返回的地址入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp _math_error&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;# </span>ִ��<span lang=EN-US>math_error()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/math/error.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>11</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;# </span>执行<span lang=EN-US>math_error()</span>（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/math/error.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>11</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #### int7 -- </span>�豸�����ڻ�Э�����������ڡ�<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>���ͣ������޴����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #### int7 -- </span>设备不存在或协处理器不存在。<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>类型：错误；无错误码。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������ƼĴ��� <span
-lang=EN-US>CR0 </span>��<span lang=EN-US>EM</span>��ģ�⣩��־��λ����<span lang=EN-US>CPU
-</span>ִ��һ��Э������ָ��ʱ�ͻ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>如果控制寄存器 <span
+lang=EN-US>CR0 </span>中<span lang=EN-US>EM</span>（模拟）标志置位，则当<span lang=EN-US>CPU
+</span>执行一个协处理器指令时就会引发该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�жϣ�����<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>�Ϳ����л���������жϴ�������ģ��Э������ָ�<span
-lang=EN-US>181</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>中断，这样<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>就可以有机会让这个中断处理程序模拟协处理器指令（<span
+lang=EN-US>181</span>行）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # CR0</span>�Ľ�����־<span
-lang=EN-US>TS</span>����<span lang=EN-US> CPU</span>ִ������ת��ʱ���õġ�<span lang=EN-US>TS
-</span>��������ȷ��ʲôʱ��Э�������е�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # CR0</span>的交换标志<span
+lang=EN-US>TS</span>是在<span lang=EN-US> CPU</span>执行任务转换时设置的。<span lang=EN-US>TS
+</span>可以用来确定什么时候协处理器中的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������<span lang=EN-US>CPU
-</span>����ִ�е�����ƥ���ˡ���<span lang=EN-US>CPU </span>������һ��Э������ת��ָ��ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>TS</span>��λʱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>内容与<span lang=EN-US>CPU
+</span>正在执行的任务不匹配了。当<span lang=EN-US>CPU </span>在运行一个协处理器转义指令时发现<span
+lang=EN-US>TS</span>置位时，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�ͻ��������жϡ���ʱ�Ϳ��Ա���ǰһ�������Э���������ݣ����ָ��������Э������ִ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>就会引发该中断。此时就可以保存前一个任务的协处理器内容，并恢复新任务的协处理器执行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>״̬��<span lang=EN-US>176</span>�У����μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>92</span>�С����ж����ת�Ƶ����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>状态（<span lang=EN-US>176</span>行）。参见<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>92</span>行。该中断最后将转移到标号<span
 lang=EN-US>ret_from_sys_call</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��ִ����ȥ����Ⲣ�����źţ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>处执行下去（检测并处理信号）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> .align 2</span></p>
@@ -16414,7 +16414,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; push %fs</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl
 $-1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# fill in -1 for orig_eax&nbsp; # </span>��<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>����������ϵͳ���á�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# fill in -1 for orig_eax&nbsp; # </span>填<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>，表明不是系统调用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl %edx</span></p>
@@ -16430,7 +16430,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;pushl %eax</span></p
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>167</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl $0x10,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;# ds,es</span>��Ϊָ���ں����ݶΡ�</p>
+&nbsp;# ds,es</span>置为指向内核数据段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%ds</span></p>
@@ -16440,23 +16440,23 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%es</span></
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl $0x17,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;# fs</span>��Ϊָ��ֲ����ݶΣ�������������ݶΣ���</p>
+&nbsp;# fs</span>置为指向局部数据段（出错程序的数据段）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%fs</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;# </span>��<span lang=EN-US>CR0</span>�������ѽ�����־<span
-lang=EN-US>TS</span>����ȡ<span lang=EN-US>CR0</span>ֵ��������Э�����������־<span
-lang=EN-US>EM</span>û����λ��˵������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;# </span>清<span lang=EN-US>CR0</span>中任务已交换标志<span
+lang=EN-US>TS</span>，并取<span lang=EN-US>CR0</span>值。若其中协处理器仿真标志<span
+lang=EN-US>EM</span>没有置位，说明不是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # EM</span>������жϣ���ָ�����Э������״̬��ִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>���� <span lang=EN-US>math_state_restore()</span>�����ڷ���ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # EM</span>引起的中断，则恢复任务协处理器状态，执行<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数 <span lang=EN-US>math_state_restore()</span>，并在返回时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ȥִ��<span lang=EN-US>ret_from_sys_call</span>���Ĵ��롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>去执行<span lang=EN-US>ret_from_sys_call</span>处的代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>172</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl
-$ret_from_sys_call&nbsp; &nbsp;# </span>��������ת����õķ��ص�ַ��ջ��</p>
+$ret_from_sys_call&nbsp; &nbsp;# </span>把下面跳转或调用的返回地址入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>173</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -16473,13 +16473,13 @@ EM (math emulation bit)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je
-_math_state_restore&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;# </span>ִ��<span lang=EN-US>math_state_restore()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>92</span>�У���</p>
+_math_state_restore&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;# </span>执行<span lang=EN-US>math_state_restore()</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>92</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��<span lang=EN-US>EM</span>��־��λ����ȥִ����ѧ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>math_emulate()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>若<span lang=EN-US>EM</span>标志置位，则去执行数学仿真程序<span
+lang=EN-US>math_emulate()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>177</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl %ebp</span></p>
@@ -16497,12 +16497,12 @@ temporary storage for ORIG_EIP</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>181</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call _math_emulate&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>����<span lang=EN-US>C</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>math/math_emulate.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>476</span>�У���</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>调用<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数（<span
+lang=EN-US>math/math_emulate.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>476</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addl $4,%esp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>������ʱ�洢��</p>
+# </span>丢弃临时存储。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>183</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; popl %edi</span></p>
@@ -16515,24 +16515,24 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; popl %ebp</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>186</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;# </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>ret</span>����ת��<span lang=EN-US>ret_from_sys_call(107</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+&nbsp;# </span>这里的<span lang=EN-US>ret</span>将跳转到<span lang=EN-US>ret_from_sys_call(107</span>行<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>187</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #### int32 -- (int 0x20) </span>ʱ���жϴ��������ж�Ƶ������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>100Hz(include/linux/sched.h,4)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #### int32 -- (int 0x20) </span>时钟中断处理程序。中断频率设置为<span
+lang=EN-US>100Hz(include/linux/sched.h,4)</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��ʱоƬ<span lang=EN-US>8253/8254</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>(kernel/sched.c,438)</span>����ʼ���ġ��������<span lang=EN-US>jiffies</span>ÿ<span
-lang=EN-US>10</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>定时芯片<span lang=EN-US>8253/8254</span>是在<span
+lang=EN-US>(kernel/sched.c,438)</span>处初始化的。因此这里<span lang=EN-US>jiffies</span>每<span
+lang=EN-US>10</span>毫秒加<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��δ��뽫<span lang=EN-US>jiffies</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ͽ����ж�ָ���<span lang=EN-US>8259</span>��������Ȼ���õ�ǰ��Ȩ����Ϊ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>这段代码将<span lang=EN-US>jiffies</span>增<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，发送结束中断指令给<span lang=EN-US>8259</span>控制器，然后用当前特权级作为参数调用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # C</span>����<span lang=EN-US>do_timer(long
-CPL)</span>�������÷���ʱתȥ��Ⲣ�����źš�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # C</span>函数<span lang=EN-US>do_timer(long
+CPL)</span>。当调用返回时转去检测并处理信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> .align 2</span></p>
@@ -16552,22 +16552,22 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; push
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>192</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; push %fs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>����<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>��<span lang=EN-US>es</span>������ָ���ں����ݶΡ�<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>������<span lang=EN-US>system_call</span>��</p>
+# </span>保存<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>、<span lang=EN-US>es</span>并让其指向内核数据段。<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>将用于<span lang=EN-US>system_call</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl
 $-1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# fill in -1 for orig_eax&nbsp; # </span>��<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>����������ϵͳ���á�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# fill in -1 for orig_eax&nbsp; # </span>填<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>，表明不是系统调用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�������Ǳ���Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>��������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>gcc</span>�������ڵ��ú���ʱ���ᱣ�����ǡ�����Ҳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>下面我们保存寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>、<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>和<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>。这是因为<span
+lang=EN-US>gcc</span>编译器在调用函数时不会保存它们。这里也</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>�Ĵ�������Ϊ�ں���<span
-lang=EN-US>ret_from_sys_call</span>�л��õ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>保存了<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>寄存器，因为在后面<span
+lang=EN-US>ret_from_sys_call</span>中会用到它。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl
@@ -16589,7 +16589,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl %eax</span></p
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>198</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl $0x10,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# ds,es</span>��Ϊָ���ں����ݶΡ�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# ds,es</span>置为指向内核数据段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>199</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%ds</span></p>
@@ -16599,7 +16599,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%es</span></
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>201</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl $0x17,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# fs</span>��Ϊָ��ֲ����ݶΣ���������ݶΣ���</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# fs</span>置为指向局部数据段（程序的数据段）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>202</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%fs</span></p>
@@ -16607,8 +16607,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%fs</span></
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>203</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; incl _jiffies</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���ڳ�ʼ���жϿ���оƬʱû�в����Զ�<span
-lang=EN-US>EOI</span>������������Ҫ��ָ�������Ӳ���жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>由于初始化中断控制芯片时没有采用自动<span
+lang=EN-US>EOI</span>，所以这里需要发指令结束该硬件中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movb
@@ -16620,13 +16620,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; outb %al,$0x20</span
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����Ӷ�ջ��ȡ��ִ��ϵͳ���ô����ѡ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>CS</span>�μĴ���ֵ���еĵ�ǰ��Ȩ����<span lang=EN-US>(0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>3)</span>��ѹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>下面从堆栈中取出执行系统调用代码的选择符（<span
+lang=EN-US>CS</span>段寄存器值）中的当前特权级别<span lang=EN-US>(0</span>或<span lang=EN-US>3)</span>并压入</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>��ջ����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>do_timer</span>�Ĳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>do_timer()</span>����ִ�������л�����ʱ�ȹ�������<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>堆栈，作为<span lang=EN-US>do_timer</span>的参数。<span
+lang=EN-US>do_timer()</span>函数执行任务切换、计时等工作，在<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 324</span>��ʵ�֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # 324</span>行实现。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>206</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl CS(%esp),%eax</span></p>
@@ -16657,11 +16657,11 @@ ret_from_sys_call</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;</span><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-#### </span>����<span lang=EN-US>sys_execve()</span>ϵͳ���á�ȡ�жϵ��ó���Ĵ���ָ����Ϊ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>����<span lang=EN-US>do_execve()</span>��</p>
+#### </span>这是<span lang=EN-US>sys_execve()</span>系统调用。取中断调用程序的代码指针作为参数调用<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数<span lang=EN-US>do_execve()</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # do_execve()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/exec.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>207</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # do_execve()</span>在<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/exec.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>207</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> .align 2</span></p>
@@ -16671,7 +16671,7 @@ lang=EN-US> _sys_execve:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>215</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; lea EIP(%esp),%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# eax</span>ָ���ջ�б����û�����<span lang=EN-US>eip</span>ָ�봦��</p>
+# eax</span>指向堆栈中保存用户程序<span lang=EN-US>eip</span>指针处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>216</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl %eax</span></p>
@@ -16681,7 +16681,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call _do_execve</spa
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>218</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addl $4,%esp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>��������ʱѹ��ջ��<span lang=EN-US>EIP</span>ֵ��</p>
+# </span>丢弃调用时压入栈的<span lang=EN-US>EIP</span>值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>219</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
@@ -16689,14 +16689,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>220</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #### sys_fork()</span>���ã����ڴ����ӽ��̣���<span
-lang=EN-US>system_call</span>����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��ԭ����<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/sys.h</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #### sys_fork()</span>调用，用于创建子进程，是<span
+lang=EN-US>system_call</span>功能<span lang=EN-US>2</span>。原形在<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/sys.h</span>中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���ȵ���<span lang=EN-US>C</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>find_empty_process()</span>��ȡ��һ�����̺�<span lang=EN-US>last_pid</span>�������ظ�����˵��Ŀǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>首先调用<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数<span
+lang=EN-US>find_empty_process()</span>，取得一个进程号<span lang=EN-US>last_pid</span>。若返回负数则说明目前任务</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����������Ȼ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>copy_process()</span>���ƽ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>数组已满。然后调用<span
+lang=EN-US>copy_process()</span>复制进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>221</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> .align 2</span></p>
@@ -16706,12 +16706,12 @@ lang=EN-US> _sys_fork:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>223</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call
-_find_empty_process&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>Ϊ�½���ȡ�ý��̺�<span lang=EN-US>last_pid</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/fork.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>143</span>����</p>
+_find_empty_process&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>为新进程取得进程号<span lang=EN-US>last_pid</span>。（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/fork.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>143</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>224</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testl %eax,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>��<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>�з��ؽ��̺š������ظ������˳���</p>
+# </span>在<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>中返回进程号。若返回负数则退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>225</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; js 1f</span></p>
@@ -16733,12 +16733,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl %eax</span></p
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>231</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call _copy_process&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>����<span lang=EN-US>C</span>����<span lang=EN-US>copy_process()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/fork.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>68</span>����</p>
+# </span>调用<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数<span lang=EN-US>copy_process()</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/fork.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>68</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>232</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addl $20,%esp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>������������ѹջ���ݡ�</p>
+# </span>丢弃这里所有压栈内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>233</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
@@ -16746,26 +16746,26 @@ lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>234</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #### int 46 -- (int 0x2E) </span>Ӳ���жϴ���������ӦӲ���ж�����<span
-lang=EN-US>IRQ14</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #### int 46 -- (int 0x2E) </span>硬盘中断处理程序，响应硬件中断请求<span
+lang=EN-US>IRQ14</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�������Ӳ�̲�����ɻ�����ͻᷢ�����ж��źš�<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�μ�<span lang=EN-US>kernel/blk_drv/hd.c)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>当请求的硬盘操作完成或出错就会发出此中断信号。<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>参见<span lang=EN-US>kernel/blk_drv/hd.c)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>�жϿ��ƴ�оƬ���ͽ���Ӳ���ж�ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>(EOI)</span>��Ȼ��ȡ����<span lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>�еĺ���ָ�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>首先向<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>中断控制从芯片发送结束硬件中断指令<span
+lang=EN-US>(EOI)</span>，然后取变量<span lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>中的函数指针放入<span
 lang=EN-US>edx</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�Ĵ����У�����<span
-lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�������ж�<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>����ָ���Ƿ�Ϊ�ա����Ϊ�գ����<span
-lang=EN-US>edx</span>��ֵָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>寄存器中，并置<span
+lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>为<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，接着判断<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>函数指针是否为空。如果为空，则给<span
+lang=EN-US>edx</span>赋值指向</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # unexpected_hd_interrupt()</span>��������ʾ������Ϣ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>8259A</span>��оƬ��<span lang=EN-US>EOI</span>ָ�������<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # unexpected_hd_interrupt()</span>，用于显示出错信息。随后向<span
+lang=EN-US>8259A</span>主芯片送<span lang=EN-US>EOI</span>指令，并调用<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ָ��ָ��ĺ���<span
-lang=EN-US>: read_intr()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>write_intr()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>unexpected_hd_interrupt()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>指针指向的函数<span
+lang=EN-US>: read_intr()</span>、<span lang=EN-US>write_intr()</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>unexpected_hd_interrupt()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>235</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> _hd_interrupt:</span></p>
@@ -16790,7 +16790,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; push %fs</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>242</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl $0x10,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# ds,es</span>��Ϊ�ں����ݶΡ�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# ds,es</span>置为内核数据段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>243</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%ds</span></p>
@@ -16800,13 +16800,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%es</span></
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>245</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl $0x17,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# fs</span>��Ϊ���ó���ľֲ����ݶΡ�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# fs</span>置为调用程序的局部数据段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>246</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%fs</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���ڳ�ʼ���жϿ���оƬʱû�в����Զ�<span
-lang=EN-US>EOI</span>������������Ҫ��ָ�������Ӳ���жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>由于初始化中断控制芯片时没有采用自动<span
+lang=EN-US>EOI</span>，所以这里需要发指令结束该硬件中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>247</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movb $0x20,%al</span></p>
@@ -16814,33 +16814,33 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movb $0x20,%al</span
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>248</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; outb
 %al,$0xA0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-EOI to interrupt controller #1 # </span>�ʹ�<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>��</p>
+EOI to interrupt controller #1 # </span>送从<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>249</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp
 1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# give port chance to breathe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>jmp</span>����ʱ���á�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# give port chance to breathe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>这里<span
+lang=EN-US>jmp</span>起延时作用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>250</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp 1f</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # do_hd</span>����Ϊһ������ָ�룬������ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>read_intr()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>write_intr()</span>������ַ���ŵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>edx</span>�Ĵ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # do_hd</span>定义为一个函数指针，将被赋值<span
+lang=EN-US>read_intr()</span>或<span lang=EN-US>write_intr()</span>函数地址。放到<span
+lang=EN-US>edx</span>寄存器后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�ͽ�<span lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>ָ�������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��Ȼ����Եõ��ĺ���ָ�룬����ָ��Ϊ�գ������ָ��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>C</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>就将<span lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>指针变量置为<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。然后测试得到的函数指针，若该指针为空，则赋予该指针指向<span lang=EN-US>C</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����<span lang=EN-US>unexpected_hd_interrupt()</span>���Դ���δ֪Ӳ���жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>函数<span lang=EN-US>unexpected_hd_interrupt()</span>，以处理未知硬盘中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>251</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xorl %edx,%edx</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>252</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
-%edx,_hd_timeout&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # hd_timeout</span>��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ���������ڹ涨ʱ���ڲ������жϡ�</p>
+%edx,_hd_timeout&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # hd_timeout</span>置为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。表示控制器已在规定时间内产生了中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>253</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xchgl _do_hd,%edx</span></p>
@@ -16850,8 +16850,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testl %edx,%edx</spa
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>255</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jne 1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>���գ�����ָ��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>C</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>unexpected_hd_interrupt()</span>��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>若空，则让指针指向<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数<span
+lang=EN-US>unexpected_hd_interrupt()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>256</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
@@ -16859,7 +16859,7 @@ $_unexpected_hd_interrupt,%edx</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>257</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; outb %al,$0x20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>��<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>��оƬ<span lang=EN-US>EOI</span>ָ�����Ӳ���жϣ���</p>
+# </span>送<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>主芯片<span lang=EN-US>EOI</span>指令（结束硬件中断）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>258</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call
@@ -16868,7 +16868,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>259</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;pop %fs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>�Ͼ����<span lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>ָ���<span lang=EN-US>C</span>������</p>
+# </span>上句调用<span lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>指向的<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>260</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pop %es</span></p>
@@ -16891,25 +16891,25 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; iret</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>266</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #### int38 -- (int 0x26) </span>�����������жϴ���������ӦӲ���ж�����<span
-lang=EN-US>IRQ6</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #### int38 -- (int 0x26) </span>软盘驱动器中断处理程序，响应硬件中断请求<span
+lang=EN-US>IRQ6</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�䴦�������������Ӳ�̵Ĵ�������һ������<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/blk_drv/floppy.c</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>其处理过程与上面对硬盘的处理基本一样。（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/blk_drv/floppy.c</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>������<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>�жϿ�������оƬ����<span
-lang=EN-US>EOI</span>ָ�Ȼ��ȡ����<span lang=EN-US>do_floppy</span>�еĺ���ָ�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>首先向<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>中断控制器主芯片发送<span
+lang=EN-US>EOI</span>指令，然后取变量<span lang=EN-US>do_floppy</span>中的函数指针放入<span
 lang=EN-US>eax</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�Ĵ����У�����<span
-lang=EN-US>do_floppy</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�������ж�<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>����ָ���Ƿ�Ϊ�ա���Ϊ�գ����<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>��ֵָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>寄存器中，并置<span
+lang=EN-US>do_floppy</span>为<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，接着判断<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>函数指针是否为空。如为空，则给<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>赋值指向</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # unexpected_floppy_interrupt ()</span>��������ʾ������Ϣ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>ָ��ĺ���<span lang=EN-US>: rw_interrupt,</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # unexpected_floppy_interrupt ()</span>，用于显示出错信息。随后调用<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>指向的函数<span lang=EN-US>: rw_interrupt,</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # seek_interrupt,recal_interrupt,reset_interrupt</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>unexpected_floppy_interrupt</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # seek_interrupt,recal_interrupt,reset_interrupt</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>unexpected_floppy_interrupt</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>267</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> _floppy_interrupt:</span></p>
@@ -16934,7 +16934,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; push %fs</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>274</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl $0x10,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# ds,es</span>��Ϊ�ں����ݶΡ�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# ds,es</span>置为内核数据段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>275</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%ds</span></p>
@@ -16944,27 +16944,27 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%es</span></
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>277</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl $0x17,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# fs</span>��Ϊ���ó���ľֲ����ݶΡ�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# fs</span>置为调用程序的局部数据段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>278</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mov %ax,%fs</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>279</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movb $0x20,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>����<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>�жϿ�����<span lang=EN-US>EOI</span>ָ�����Ӳ���жϣ���</p>
+# </span>送主<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>中断控制器<span lang=EN-US>EOI</span>指令（结束硬件中断）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>280</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; outb
 %al,$0x20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
 EOI to interrupt controller #1</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;# do_floppy</span>Ϊһ����ָ�룬������ֵʵ�ʴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>����ָ�롣��ָ���ڱ������ŵ�<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>�Ĵ�����ͽ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;# do_floppy</span>为一函数指针，将被赋值实际处理<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数指针。该指针在被交换放到<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>寄存器后就将</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # do_floppy</span>�����ÿա�Ȼ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>��ԭָ���Ƿ�Ϊ�գ�������ʹָ��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>C</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # do_floppy</span>变量置空。然后测试<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>中原指针是否为空，若是则使指针指向<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # unexpected_floppy_interrupt()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # unexpected_floppy_interrupt()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>281</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xorl %eax,%eax</span></p>
@@ -16975,11 +16975,11 @@ _do_floppy,%eax</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>283</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testl %eax,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>���Ժ���ָ���Ƿ�<span lang=EN-US>=NULL?</span></p>
+# </span>测试函数指针是否<span lang=EN-US>=NULL?</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>284</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jne 1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>���գ���ʹָ��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>C</span>����<span lang=EN-US>unexpected_floppy_interrupt()</span>��</p>
+# </span>若空，则使指针指向<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数<span lang=EN-US>unexpected_floppy_interrupt()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>285</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
@@ -16988,12 +16988,12 @@ $_unexpected_floppy_interrupt,%eax</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>286</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call
 *%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-&quot;interesting&quot; way of handling intr. &nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>��ӵ��á�</p>
+&quot;interesting&quot; way of handling intr. &nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>间接调用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>287</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pop %fs&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-</span>�Ͼ����<span lang=EN-US>do_floppy</span>ָ��ĺ�����</p>
+</span>上句调用<span lang=EN-US>do_floppy</span>指向的函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>288</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pop %es</span></p>
@@ -17016,11 +17016,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; iret</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>294</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #### int 39 -- (int 0x27) </span>���п��жϴ������򣬶�ӦӲ���ж������ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>IRQ7</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; #### int 39 -- (int 0x27) </span>并行口中断处理程序，对应硬件中断请求信号<span
+lang=EN-US>IRQ7</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���汾�ں˻�δʵ�֡�����ֻ�Ƿ���<span
-lang=EN-US>EOI</span>ָ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>本版本内核还未实现。这里只是发送<span
+lang=EN-US>EOI</span>指令。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>295</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> _parallel_interrupt:</span></p>
@@ -17054,8 +17054,8 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447977"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447381"></a><a name="_Toc53320606"><span lang=EN-US>8.4 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>8-4 linux/kernel/mktime.c</span></a><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>8-4 linux/kernel/mktime.c</span></a><span
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -17079,7 +17079,7 @@ linux/kernel/mktime.c</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 #include &lt;time.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ʱ��ͷ�ļ��������˱�׼ʱ�����ݽṹ<span lang=EN-US>tm</span>��һЩ����ʱ�亯��ԭ�͡�</p>
+// </span>时间头文件，定义了标准时间数据结构<span lang=EN-US>tm</span>和一些处理时间函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -17114,50 +17114,50 @@ a leap-year instead? I also hate Gregorius, pope or no. I'm grumpy.</i></b></spa
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ⲻ�ǿ⺯�����������ں�ʹ�á�������ǲ�����С��<span
-lang=EN-US>1970</span>�����ݵȣ����ٶ�һ�о���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>这不是库函数，它仅供内核使用。因此我们不关心小于<span
+lang=EN-US>1970</span>年的年份等，但假定一切均很正常。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ͬ����ʱ������<span
-lang=EN-US>TZ</span>����Ҳ�Ⱥ��ԡ�����ֻ�Ǿ����ܼ򵥵ش������⡣������ҵ�һЩ�����Ŀ⺯��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>同样，时间区域<span
+lang=EN-US>TZ</span>问题也先忽略。我们只是尽可能简单地处理问题。最好能找到一些公开的库函数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>minix</span>��ʱ�亯���ǹ����ģ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>（尽管我认为<span
+lang=EN-US>minix</span>的时间函数是公开的）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���⣬�Һ��Ǹ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1970</span>�꿪ʼ����<span lang=EN-US> - </span>�ѵ����ǾͲ���ѡ���һ�����꿪ʼ���Һ޸����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>另外，我恨那个设置<span
+lang=EN-US>1970</span>年开始的人<span lang=EN-US> - </span>难道他们就不能选择从一个闰年开始？我恨格里高利历、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����̻ʡ����̣���ʲô�����ں������Ǹ�Ƣ��������ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>罗马教皇、主教，我什么都不在乎。我是个脾气暴躁的人。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MINUTE</span></u> 60&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// 1</span>���ӵ�������</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// 1</span>分钟的秒数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>HOUR</span></u> (60*<u><span
 style='color:blue'>MINUTE</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 1</span>Сʱ��������</p>
+// 1</span>小时的秒数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DAY</span></u> (24*<u><span
 style='color:blue'>HOUR</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 1</span>���������</p>
+// 1</span>天的秒数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>YEAR</span></u> (365*<u><span
 style='color:blue'>DAY</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 1</span>���������</p>
+// 1</span>年的秒数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u> <b><i>/*
 interestingly, we assume leap-years */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>��Ȥ�������ǿ��ǽ�������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>有趣的是我们考虑进了闰年<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ϊ���ޣ�������ÿ���¿�ʼʱ������ʱ�䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面以年为界限，定义了每个月开始时的秒数时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>month</span></u>[12] = {</span></p>
@@ -17202,12 +17202,12 @@ static int <u><span style='color:blue'>month</span></u>[12] = {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú��������<span
-lang=EN-US>1970</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ʱ�𵽿������վ�������������Ϊ����ʱ�䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数计算从<span
+lang=EN-US>1970</span>年<span lang=EN-US>1</span>月<span lang=EN-US>1</span>日<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>时起到开机当日经过的秒数，作为开机时间。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>tm</span>�и��ֶ��Ѿ���<span
-lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span>�б���ֵ����Ϣȡ��<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>tm</span>中各字段已经在<span
+lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span>中被赋值，信息取自<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>
 long <u><span style='color:blue'>kernel_mktime</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -17223,35 +17223,35 @@ int year;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ���<span lang=EN-US>70</span>�굽���ھ�������������Ϊ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>λ��ʾ��ʽ�����Ի���<span lang=EN-US>2000</span>�����⡣���ǿ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先计算<span lang=EN-US>70</span>年到现在经过的年数。因为是<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>位表示方式，所以会有<span lang=EN-US>2000</span>年问题。我们可以</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�򵥵�����ǰ������һ����������������⣺<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>简单地在最前面添加一条语句来解决这个问题：<span
 lang=EN-US>if (tm-&gt;tm_year&lt;70) tm-&gt;tm_year += 100;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>UNIX</span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>y</span>�Ǵ�<span lang=EN-US>1970</span>�����𡣵�<span lang=EN-US>1972</span>�����һ�����꣬��˹�<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>�꣨<span lang=EN-US>71</span>��<span lang=EN-US>72</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>73</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>由于<span lang=EN-US>UNIX</span>计年份<span
+lang=EN-US>y</span>是从<span lang=EN-US>1970</span>年算起。到<span lang=EN-US>1972</span>年就是一个闰年，因此过<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>年（<span lang=EN-US>71</span>，<span lang=EN-US>72</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>73</span>）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����꣬������<span
-lang=EN-US>1970</span>�꿪ʼ�����������㷽����Ӧ����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1 + (y - 3)/4</span>����Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>就是第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个闰年，这样从<span
+lang=EN-US>1970</span>年开始的闰年数计算方法就应该是为<span lang=EN-US>1 + (y - 3)/4</span>，即为</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span lang=EN-US>(y +
-1)/4</span>��<span lang=EN-US>res = </span>��Щ�꾭��������ʱ��<span lang=EN-US> + </span>ÿ������ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�������ʱ��<span lang=EN-US> + </span>���굽����ʱ</p>
+1)/4</span>。<span lang=EN-US>res = </span>这些年经过的秒数时间<span lang=EN-US> + </span>每个闰年时多<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>天的秒数时间<span lang=EN-US> + </span>当年到当月时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������⣬<span
-lang=EN-US>month[]</span>�������Ѿ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�·ݵ������а�����������ʱ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�·�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的秒数。另外，<span
+lang=EN-US>month[]</span>数组中已经在<span lang=EN-US>2</span>月份的天数中包含进了闰年时的天数，即<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>月份天数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US> 1</span>�졣��ˣ������겻�����겢�ҵ�ǰ�·ݴ���<span
-lang=EN-US> 2</span>�·ݵĻ������Ǿ�Ҫ��ȥ���졣��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>多算了<span lang=EN-US> 1</span>天。因此，若当年不是闰年并且当前月份大于<span
+lang=EN-US> 2</span>月份的话，我们就要减去这天。因</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ��<span lang=EN-US>70</span>�꿪ʼ�������Ե�����������жϷ�����
-<span lang=EN-US>(y + 2) </span>�ܱ�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�����������ܳ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为从<span lang=EN-US>70</span>年开始算起，所以当年是闰年的判断方法是
+<span lang=EN-US>(y + 2) </span>能被<span lang=EN-US>4</span>除尽。若不能除尽（有余</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ͳ������ꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数）就不是闰年。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 year = <u><span style='color:blue'>tm</span></u>-&gt;tm_year - 70;</span></p>
@@ -17259,7 +17259,7 @@ year = <u><span style='color:blue'>tm</span></u>-&gt;tm_year - 70;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u> <b><i>/*
 magic offsets (y+1) needed to get leapyears right.*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>Ϊ�˻����ȷ����������������Ҫ����һ��ħ��ֵ<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>为了获得正确的闰年数，这里需要这样一个魔幻值<span
 lang=EN-US>(y+1) */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -17272,9 +17272,9 @@ res += <u><span style='color:blue'>month</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u> <b><i>/*
 and (y+2) here. If it wasn't a leap-year, we have to adjust */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�Լ�<span lang=EN-US>(y+2)</span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>(y+2)</span>�������꣬��ô���Ǿͱ�����е���<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��ȥһ�������ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>以及<span lang=EN-US>(y+2)</span>。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>(y+2)</span>不是闰年，那么我们就必须进行调整<span lang=EN-US>(</span>减去一天的秒数时间<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>tm</span></u>-&gt;tm_mon&gt;1 &amp;&amp;
@@ -17285,25 +17285,25 @@ res -= <u><span style='color:blue'>DAY</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 res += <u><span style='color:blue'>DAY</span></u>*(<u><span style='color:blue'>tm</span></u>-&gt;tm_mday-1);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ټ��ϱ��¹�ȥ������������ʱ�䡣</p>
+// </span>再加上本月过去的天数的秒数时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 res += <u><span style='color:blue'>HOUR</span></u>*<u><span style='color:blue'>tm</span></u>-&gt;tm_hour;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ټ��ϵ����ȥ��Сʱ��������ʱ�䡣</p>
+// </span>再加上当天过去的小时数的秒数时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 res += <u><span style='color:blue'>MINUTE</span></u>*<u><span style='color:
 blue'>tm</span></u>-&gt;tm_min;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ټ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>Сʱ�ڹ�ȥ�ķ�����������ʱ�䡣</p>
+// </span>再加上<span lang=EN-US>1</span>小时内过去的分钟数的秒数时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 res += <u><span style='color:blue'>tm</span></u>-&gt;tm_sec;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�ټ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�������ѹ���������</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>再加上<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>分钟内已过的秒数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return res;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>1970</span>����������������ʱ�䡣</p>
+// </span>即等于从<span lang=EN-US>1970</span>年以来经过的秒数时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u> }</span></p>
 
@@ -17325,7 +17325,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447978"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447382"></a><a name="_Toc53320607"><span lang=EN-US>8.5 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>8-5 linux/kernel/sched.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>8-5 linux/kernel/sched.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -17365,66 +17365,66 @@ current-task</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'sched.c'</span>����Ҫ���ں��ļ������а����йص��ȵĻ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>(sleep_on</span>��<span lang=EN-US>wakeup</span>��<span lang=EN-US>schedule</span>��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'sched.c'</span>是主要的内核文件。其中包括有关调度的基本函数<span
+lang=EN-US>(sleep_on</span>、<span lang=EN-US>wakeup</span>、<span lang=EN-US>schedule</span>等<span
 lang=EN-US>)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�Լ�һЩ�򵥵�ϵͳ���ú���������<span
-lang=EN-US>getpid()</span>�����ӵ�ǰ�����л�ȡһ���ֶΣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>以及一些简单的系统调用函数（比如<span
+lang=EN-US>getpid()</span>，仅从当前任务中获取一个字段）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ǵ��ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����ʼ��������ݡ�����һЩ�Ժ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>下面是调度程序头文件。定义了任务结构<span
+lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个初始任务的数据。还有一些以宏</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʽ������й��������������úͻ�ȡ��Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的形式定义的有关描述符参数设置和获取的嵌入式汇编函数程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
 #include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sys.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ����ͷ�ļ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>82</span>��ϵͳ����<span lang=EN-US>C</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>,</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'sys_'</span>��ͷ��</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sys.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统调用头文件。含有<span
+lang=EN-US>82</span>个系统调用<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数程序<span lang=EN-US>,</span>以<span
+lang=EN-US>'sys_'</span>开头。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/fdreg.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷ�ļ����������̿�����������һЩ���塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/fdreg.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>软驱头文件。含有软盘控制器参数的一些定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ������������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵȵ�Ƕ��ʽ���ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义了设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等的嵌入式汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // io</span>ͷ�ļ�������Ӳ���˿�����<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>���������䡣</p>
+#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // io</span>头文件。定义硬件端口输入<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>输出宏汇编语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
-#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ź�ͷ�ļ��������źŷ��ų�����<span
-lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>�ṹ����������ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号头文件。定义信号符号常量，<span
+lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>结构，操作函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�ȡ�ź�<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>���ź�λͼ�ж�Ӧλ�Ķ�������ֵ���źű��<span
-lang=EN-US>1-32</span>�������ź�<span lang=EN-US>5</span>��λͼ��ֵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该宏取信号<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>在信号位图中对应位的二进制数值。信号编号<span
+lang=EN-US>1-32</span>。比如信号<span lang=EN-US>5</span>的位图数值等于</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1&lt;&lt;(5-1) = 16 =
-00010000b</span>��</p>
+00010000b</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_S</span></u>(nr) (1&lt;&lt;((nr)-1))</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>SIGKILL</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span>�ź����������źŶ��ǿ�������<span lang=EN-US>(��1011,1111,1110,1111,1111b)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>除了<span lang=EN-US>SIGKILL</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span>信号以外其他信号都是可阻塞的<span lang=EN-US>(…1011,1111,1110,1111,1111b)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_BLOCKABLE</span></u> (~(<u><span
@@ -17433,8 +17433,8 @@ style='color:blue'>_S</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>SIGKILL</span></u>)
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں˵��Ժ�������ʾ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>�Ľ��̺š�����״̬���ں˶�ջ�����ֽ�������Լ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核调试函数。显示任务号<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>的进程号、进程状态和内核堆栈空闲字节数（大约）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>show_task</span></u>(int nr,struct <u><span
@@ -17459,8 +17459,8 @@ p-&gt;p_cptr ? p-&gt;p_cptr-&gt;pid : -1);</span></p>
 i=0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-while (i&lt;j &amp;&amp; !((char *)(p+1))[i])&nbsp; // </span>���ָ���������ݽṹ�Ժ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ֽ�����</p>
+while (i&lt;j &amp;&amp; !((char *)(p+1))[i])&nbsp; // </span>检测指定任务数据结构以后等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 i++;</span></p>
@@ -17496,12 +17496,12 @@ else</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ�������������š����̺š�����״̬���ں˶�ջ�����ֽ�������Լ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>显示所有任务的任务号、进程号、进程状态和内核堆栈空闲字节数（大约）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // NR_TASKS</span>��ϵͳ�����ɵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>����<span lang=EN-US>(64</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>include/kernel/sched.h </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>6</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // NR_TASKS</span>是系统能容纳的最大进程<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>任务<span lang=EN-US>)</span>数量<span lang=EN-US>(64</span>个<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>，定义在<span lang=EN-US>include/kernel/sched.h </span>第<span
+lang=EN-US>6</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>show_state</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -17530,12 +17530,12 @@ style='color:blue'>show_task</span></u>(i,<u><span style='color:blue'>task</span
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // PC</span>��<span lang=EN-US>8253</span>��ʱоƬ������ʱ��Ƶ��ԼΪ<span
-lang=EN-US>1.193180MHz</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>�ں�ϣ����ʱ�������жϵ�Ƶ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // PC</span>机<span lang=EN-US>8253</span>定时芯片的输入时钟频率约为<span
+lang=EN-US>1.193180MHz</span>。<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>内核希望定时器发出中断的频率是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 100Hz</span>��Ҳ��ÿ<span
-lang=EN-US>10ms</span>����һ��ʱ���жϡ��������<span lang=EN-US>LATCH</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>8253</span>оƬ�ĳ�ֵ���μ�<span lang=EN-US>438</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 100Hz</span>，也即每<span
+lang=EN-US>10ms</span>发出一次时钟中断。因此这里<span lang=EN-US>LATCH</span>是设置<span
+lang=EN-US>8253</span>芯片的初值，参见<span lang=EN-US>438</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>LATCH</span></u> (1193180/<u><span
@@ -17545,29 +17545,29 @@ style='color:blue'>HZ</span></u>)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>mem_use</span></u>(void); &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-[??]</span>û���κεط���������øú�����</p>
+[??]</span>没有任何地方定义和引用该函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>timer_interrupt</span></u>(void);&nbsp;
-// </span>ʱ���жϴ�������<span lang=EN-US>kernel/system_call.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>176</span>����</p>
+// </span>时钟中断处理程序（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/system_call.s</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>176</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>system_call</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ϵͳ�����жϴ�������<span lang=EN-US>kernel/system_call.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>80</span>����</p>
+// </span>系统调用中断处理程序（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/system_call.s</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>80</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ÿ�����񣨽��̣����ں�̬����ʱ�����Լ����ں�̬��ջ�����ﶨ����������ں�̬��ջ�ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>每个任务（进程）在内核态运行时都有自己的内核态堆栈。这里定义了任务的内核态堆栈结构。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ﶨ���������ϣ�����ṹ��Ա��<span
-lang=EN-US>stack</span>�ַ������Ա������Ϊһ����������ݽṹ�����ں�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这里定义任务联合（任务结构成员和<span
+lang=EN-US>stack</span>字符数组成员）。因为一个任务的数据结构与其内核</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>̬��ջ����ͬһ�ڴ�ҳ�У����ԴӶ�ջ�μĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ss</span>���Ի�������ݶ�ѡ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>态堆栈放在同一内存页中，所以从堆栈段寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>ss</span>可以获得其数据段选择符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>
 union <u><span style='color:blue'>task_union</span></u> {</span></p>
@@ -17583,8 +17583,8 @@ char stack[<u><span style='color:blue'>PAGE_SIZE</span></u>];</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ó�ʼ��������ݡ���ʼ������<span
-lang=EN-US>include/kernel/sched.h</span>�У���<span lang=EN-US>156</span>�п�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置初始任务的数据。初始数据在<span
+lang=EN-US>include/kernel/sched.h</span>中，第<span lang=EN-US>156</span>行开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>
 static union <u><span style='color:blue'>task_union</span></u> <u><span
@@ -17592,39 +17592,39 @@ style='color:blue'>init_task</span></u> = {<u><span style='color:blue'>INIT_TASK
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ӿ�����ʼ����ĵδ���ʱ��ֵȫ�ֱ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>10ms/</span>�δ𣩡�ϵͳʱ���ж�ÿ����һ�μ�һ���δ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从开机开始算起的滴答数时间值全局变量（<span
+lang=EN-US>10ms/</span>滴答）。系统时钟中断每发生一次即一个滴答。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ǰ����޶��� <span
-lang=EN-US>volatile</span>��Ӣ�Ľ������׸ı�ġ����ȶ�����˼������޶��ʵĺ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>前面的限定符 <span
+lang=EN-US>volatile</span>，英文解释是易改变的、不稳定的意思。这个限定词的含义是向编译器</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ�����������ݿ��ܻ����ڱ����������޸Ķ��仯��ͨ���ڳ���������һ������ʱ��
-��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指明变量的内容可能会由于被其他程序修改而变化。通常在程序中申明一个变量时，
+编译器会</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������ͨ�üĴ����У����� <span
-lang=EN-US>ebx</span>������߷���Ч�ʡ���<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>����ֵ�ŵ� <span
-lang=EN-US>ebx</span>�к�һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>尽量把它存放在通用寄存器中，例如 <span
+lang=EN-US>ebx</span>，以提高访问效率。当<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>把其值放到 <span
+lang=EN-US>ebx</span>中后一般</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ͳ����ٹ��ĸñ�����Ӧ�ڴ�λ���е����ݡ�����ʱ�������������ں˳����һ���жϹ��̣�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>就不会再关心该变量对应内存位置中的内容。若此时其他程序（例如内核程序或一个中断过程）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�޸����ڴ��иñ�����ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ebx</span>�е�ֵ��������֮���¡�Ϊ�˽����������ʹ�����<span lang=EN-US>volatile</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>修改了内存中该变量的值，<span
+lang=EN-US>ebx</span>中的值并不会随之更新。为了解决这种情况就创建了<span lang=EN-US>volatile</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�޶������ô��������øñ���ʱһ��Ҫ��ָ���ڴ�λ����ȡ����ֵ�����Ｔ��Ҫ��
-<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>��Ҫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>限定符，让代码在引用该变量时一定要从指定内存位置中取得其值。这里即是要求
+<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>不要对</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // jiffies </span>�����Ż�������Ҳ��ҪŲ��λ�ã�������Ҫ���ڴ���ȡ��ֵ����Ϊʱ���жϴ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // jiffies </span>进行优化处理，也不要挪动位置，并且需要从内存中取其值。因为时钟中断处理过程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȳ�����޸�����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等程序会修改它的值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>
 unsigned long volatile <u><span style='color:blue'>jiffies</span></u>=0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>
 unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>startup_time</span></u>=0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����ʱ�䡣��<span lang=EN-US>1970:0:0:0</span>��ʼ��ʱ��������</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>开机时间。从<span lang=EN-US>1970:0:0:0</span>开始计时的秒数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������ۼ���Ҫ������ʱ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这个变量用于累计需要调整地时间嘀嗒数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>jiffies_offset</span></u> =
@@ -17643,13 +17643,13 @@ like to syncronize their machines</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;to
 WWV :-) */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>Ϊ����ʱ�Ӷ���Ҫ���ӵ�ʱ����������Ի�á���ȷʱ�䡱����Щ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>为调整时钟而需要增加的时钟嘀嗒数，以获得“精确时间”。这些调整用嘀嗒数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ܺͲ�Ӧ�ó���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�롣��������Ϊ����Щ��ʱ�侫ȷ��Ҫ����̵��ˣ�����ϲ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>的总和不应该超过<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>秒。这样做是为了那些对时间精确度要求苛刻的人，他们喜</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���Լ��Ļ���ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>WWV</span>ͬ�� <span lang=EN-US>:-)</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>欢自己的机器时间与<span
+lang=EN-US>WWV</span>同步 <span lang=EN-US>:-)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -17658,18 +17658,18 @@ lang=EN-US>WWV</span>ͬ�� <span lang=EN-US>:-)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> *<u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u> = &amp;(<u><span style='color:blue'>init_task</span></u>.<u><span
-style='color:blue'>task</span></u>);&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ����ָ�루��ʼ��ָ������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+style='color:blue'>task</span></u>);&nbsp; // </span>当前任务指针（初始化指向任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> *<u><span
 style='color:blue'>last_task_used_math</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ʹ�ù�Э�����������ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>使用过协处理器任务的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ָ�����顣��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���ʼ��ָ���ʼ��������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����������ݽṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义任务指针数组。第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>项被初始化指向初始任务（任务<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）的任务数据结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -17679,22 +17679,22 @@ style='color:blue'>task</span></u>), };</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����û���ջ����<span
-lang=EN-US>1K</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>4K</span>�ֽڡ����ں˳�ʼ�����������б������ں�ջ����ʼ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义用户堆栈，共<span
+lang=EN-US>1K</span>项，容量<span lang=EN-US>4K</span>字节。在内核初始化操作过程中被用作内核栈，初始化完成</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ժ󽫱���������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���û�̬��ջ������������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>֮ǰ�����ں�ջ���Ժ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以后将被用作任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的用户态堆栈。在运行任务<span lang=EN-US>0</span>之前它是内核栈，以后用作任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>和<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��̬ջ������ṹ�������ö�ջ<span
-lang=EN-US>ss:esp</span>�����ݶ�ѡ�����ָ�룩����<span lang=EN-US>head.s</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>23</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>户态栈。下面结构用于设置堆栈<span
+lang=EN-US>ss:esp</span>（数据段选择符，指针），见<span lang=EN-US>head.s</span>，第<span
+lang=EN-US>23</span>行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ss</span>������Ϊ�ں����ݶ�ѡ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0x10</span>����ָ��<span lang=EN-US>esp</span>ָ�� <span lang=EN-US>user_stack</span>�������һ����档����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ss</span>被设置为内核数据段选择符（<span
+lang=EN-US>0x10</span>），指针<span lang=EN-US>esp</span>指在 <span lang=EN-US>user_stack</span>数组最后一项后面。这是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>Intel
-CPU</span>ִ�ж�ջ����ʱ���ȵݼ���ջָ��<span lang=EN-US>sp</span>ֵ��Ȼ����<span lang=EN-US>sp</span>ָ�봦������ջ���ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因为<span lang=EN-US>Intel
+CPU</span>执行堆栈操作时是先递减堆栈指针<span lang=EN-US>sp</span>值，然后在<span lang=EN-US>sp</span>指针处保存入栈内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>
 long <u><span style='color:blue'>user_stack</span></u> [ <u><span
@@ -17727,24 +17727,24 @@ old math state array, and gets the new ones from the current task</i></b></span>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ǰЭ���������ݱ��浽��Э������״̬�����У�������ǰ�����Э������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>将当前协处理器内容保存到老协处理器状态数组中，并将当前任务的协处理器</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ݼ��ؽ�Э��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>内容加载进协处理器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����񱻵��Ƚ������Ժ󣬸ú������Ա���ԭ�����Э������״̬�������ģ����ָ��µ��Ƚ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当任务被调度交换过以后，该函数用以保存原任务的协处理器状态（上下文）并恢复新调度进</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ĵ�ǰ�����Э������ִ��״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>来的当前任务的协处理器执行状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>math_state_restore</span></u>()</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������û���򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��һ��������ǵ�ǰ����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>������<span lang=EN-US>&quot;</span>��һ������<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;</span>��ָ�ձ�������ȥ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果任务没变则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>上一个任务就是当前任务<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。这里<span lang=EN-US>&quot;</span>上一个任务<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;</span>是指刚被交换出去的任务。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>last_task_used_math</span></u> == <u><span
@@ -17753,8 +17753,8 @@ style='color:blue'>current</span></u>)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڷ���Э����������֮ǰҪ�ȷ�<span
-lang=EN-US>WAIT</span>ָ�����ϸ�����ʹ����Э���������򱣴���״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在发送协处理器命令之前要先发<span
+lang=EN-US>WAIT</span>指令。如果上个任务使用了协处理器，则保存其状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 __asm__(<i>&quot;fwait&quot;</i>);</span></p>
@@ -17769,11 +17769,11 @@ style='color:blue'>last_task_used_math</span></u>-&gt;tss.i387));</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڣ�<span lang=EN-US>last_task_used_math</span>ָ��ǰ�����Ա���ǰ���񱻽�����ȥʱʹ�á���ʱ�����ǰ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在，<span lang=EN-US>last_task_used_math</span>指向当前任务，以备当前任务被交换出去时使用。此时如果当前</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ù�Э����������ָ���״̬������Ļ�˵���ǵ�һ��ʹ�ã����Ǿ���Э����������ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>任务用过协处理器，则恢复其状态。否则的话说明是第一次使用，于是就向协处理器发初始化</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ʹ����Э��������־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>命令，并设置使用了协处理器标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -17794,12 +17794,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } else {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 __asm__(<i>&quot;fninit&quot;</i>::);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��Э����������ʼ�����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>向协处理器发初始化命令。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;used_math=1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����ʹ����Э��������־��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>设置使用已协处理器标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
@@ -17848,20 +17848,20 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'schedule()'</span>�ǵ��Ⱥ��������Ǹ��ܺõĴ��룡û���κ����ɶ��������޸ģ���Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'schedule()'</span>是调度函数。这是个很好的代码！没有任何理由对它进行修改，因为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����������еĻ����¹����������ܹ���<span
-lang=EN-US>IO-</span>�߽紦���ܺõ���Ӧ�ȣ���ֻ��һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>它可以在所有的环境下工作（比如能够对<span
+lang=EN-US>IO-</span>边界处理很好的响应等）。只有一件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ֵ�����⣬�Ǿ���������źŴ������롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>事值得留意，那就是这里的信号处理代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>ע�⣡������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�Ǹ�����<span lang=EN-US>('idle')</span>����ֻ�е�û�����������������ʱ�ŵ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>注意！！任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>是个闲置<span lang=EN-US>('idle')</span>任务，只有当没有其他任务可以运行时才调用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���������ܱ�ɱ����Ҳ����˯�ߡ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�е�״̬��Ϣ<span lang=EN-US>'state'</span>�Ǵ������õġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>它。它不能被杀死，也不能睡眠。任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>中的状态信息<span lang=EN-US>'state'</span>是从来不用的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -17877,7 +17877,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i,next,c;</span>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> ** p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����ṹָ���ָ�롣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>任务结构指针的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>123</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -17886,14 +17886,14 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* check alarm, wake up any interruptible tasks that have got
 a signal */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���<span lang=EN-US>alarm</span>�����̵ı�����ʱֵ���������κ��ѵõ��źŵĿ��ж�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>检测<span lang=EN-US>alarm</span>（进程的报警定时值），唤醒任何已得到信号的可中断任务<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>125</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������һ������ʼѭ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>alarm</span>����ѭ��ʱ������ָ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从任务数组中最后一个任务开始循环检测<span
+lang=EN-US>alarm</span>。在循环时跳过空指针项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>126</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for(p = &amp;<u><span
@@ -17904,11 +17904,11 @@ style='color:blue'>FIRST_TASK</span></u> ; --p)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (*p) {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ù�����ʱ��ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>timeout</span>�������Ѿ���ʱ����λ��ʱ��ʱֵ��������������ڿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果设置过任务超时定时<span
+lang=EN-US>timeout</span>，并且已经超时，则复位超时定时值，并且如果任务处于可</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж�˯��״̬<span
-lang=EN-US>TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE</span>�£�������Ϊ����״̬��<span lang=EN-US>TASK_RUNNING</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中断睡眠状态<span
+lang=EN-US>TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE</span>下，将其置为就绪状态（<span lang=EN-US>TASK_RUNNING</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>128</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -17933,16 +17933,16 @@ style='color:blue'>TASK_RUNNING</span></u>;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ù�����Ķ�ʱֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>alarm</span>�������Ѿ�����<span lang=EN-US>(alarm&lt;jiffies),</span>�����ź�λͼ����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果设置过任务的定时值<span
+lang=EN-US>alarm</span>，并且已经过期<span lang=EN-US>(alarm&lt;jiffies),</span>则在信号位图中置<span
 lang=EN-US>SIGALRM</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�źţ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGALARM</span>�źš�Ȼ����<span lang=EN-US>alarm</span>�����źŵ�Ĭ�ϲ�������ֹ���̡�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号，即向任务发送<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGALARM</span>信号。然后清<span lang=EN-US>alarm</span>。该信号的默认操作是终止进程。<span
 lang=EN-US>jiffies</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ϵͳ�ӿ�����ʼ����ĵδ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>10ms/</span>�δ𣩡�������<span lang=EN-US>sched.h</span>��<span lang=EN-US>139</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是系统从开机开始算起的滴答数（<span
+lang=EN-US>10ms/</span>滴答）。定义在<span lang=EN-US>sched.h</span>第<span lang=EN-US>139</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -17963,13 +17963,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ź�λͼ�г����������ź��⻹�������źţ����������ڿ��ж�״̬����������Ϊ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果信号位图中除被阻塞的信号外还有其他信号，并且任务处于可中断状态，则置任务为就绪</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>״̬������<span lang=EN-US>'~(<u><span
-style='color:blue'>_BLOCKABLE</span></u> &amp; (*p)-&gt;blocked)'</span>���ں��Ա��������źţ���<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGKILL</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>状态。其中<span lang=EN-US>'~(<u><span
+style='color:blue'>_BLOCKABLE</span></u> &amp; (*p)-&gt;blocked)'</span>用于忽略被阻塞的信号，但<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGKILL</span>和<span lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ܱ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>不能被阻塞。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -17984,7 +17984,7 @@ style='color:blue'>TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE</span></u>)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (*p)-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>state</span></u>=<u><span
-style='color:blue'>TASK_RUNNING</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp; //</span>��Ϊ��������ִ�У�״̬��</p>
+style='color:blue'>TASK_RUNNING</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp; //</span>置为就绪（可执行）状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -17996,7 +17996,7 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* this is the scheduler proper: */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�����ǵ��ȳ������Ҫ����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>这里是调度程序的主要部分<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
@@ -18022,12 +18022,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 p = &amp;<u><span style='color:blue'>task</span></u>[<u><span style='color:
 blue'>NR_TASKS</span></u>];</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��δ���Ҳ�Ǵ�������������һ������ʼѭ���������������������������ۡ��Ƚ�ÿ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这段代码也是从任务数组的最后一个任务开始循环处理，并跳过不含任务的数组槽。比较每个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����״̬�����<span
-lang=EN-US>counter</span>����������ʱ��ĵݼ��δ������ֵ����һ��ֵ������ʱ�仹������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>就绪状态任务的<span
+lang=EN-US>counter</span>（任务运行时间的递减滴答计数）值，哪一个值大，运行时间还不长，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // next</span>��ָ���ĸ�������š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // next</span>就指向哪个的任务号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -18054,20 +18054,20 @@ c = (*p)-&gt;counter, next = i;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ƚϵó���<span
-lang=EN-US>counter</span>ֵ������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�Ľ��������ϵͳ��û��һ�������е�������ڣ���ʱ<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果比较得出有<span
+lang=EN-US>counter</span>值不等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的结果，或者系统中没有一个可运行的任务存在（此时<span
 lang=EN-US>c</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȻΪ<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>next=0</span>�������˳�<span lang=EN-US>144</span>�п�ʼ��ѭ����ִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>161</span>���ϵ������л�����������͸���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>仍然为<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>next=0</span>），则退出<span lang=EN-US>144</span>行开始的循环，执行<span
+lang=EN-US>161</span>行上的任务切换操作。否则就根据</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ÿ�����������Ȩֵ������ÿһ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>counter</span>ֵ��Ȼ��ص�<span lang=EN-US>125</span>�����±Ƚϡ�<span
-lang=EN-US>counter </span>ֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>每个任务的优先权值，更新每一个任务的<span
+lang=EN-US>counter</span>值，然后回到<span lang=EN-US>125</span>行重新比较。<span
+lang=EN-US>counter </span>值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ��㷽ʽΪ <span
-lang=EN-US>counter = counter /2 + priority</span>��ע�⣬���������̲����ǽ��̵�״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的计算方式为 <span
+lang=EN-US>counter = counter /2 + priority</span>。注意，这里计算过程不考虑进程的状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -18094,23 +18094,23 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������꣨������<span
-lang=EN-US>sched.h</span>�У��ѵ�ǰ����ָ��<span lang=EN-US>current</span>ָ�������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>next</span>�����񣬲��л�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用下面宏（定义在<span
+lang=EN-US>sched.h</span>中）把当前任务指针<span lang=EN-US>current</span>指向任务号为<span
+lang=EN-US>next</span>的任务，并切换</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������С���<span
-lang=EN-US>146</span>����<span lang=EN-US>next</span>����ʼ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�������ϵͳ��û���κ��������������ʱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>到该任务中运行。在<span
+lang=EN-US>146</span>行上<span lang=EN-US>next</span>被初始化为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。因此若系统中没有任何其他任务可运行时，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�� <span lang=EN-US>next
-</span>ʼ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����˵��Ⱥ�������ϵͳ����ʱȥִ������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��
-��ʱ����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ִ��<span lang=EN-US>pause()</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则 <span lang=EN-US>next
+</span>始终为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。因此调度函数会在系统空闲时去执行任务<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。
+此时任务<span lang=EN-US>0</span>仅执行<span lang=EN-US>pause()</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ���ã����ֻ���ñ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统调用，并又会调用本函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>switch_to</span></u>(next);&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�л��������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>next</span>�����񣬲�����֮��</p>
+</span>切换到任务号为<span lang=EN-US>next</span>的任务，并运行之。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -18118,18 +18118,18 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// pause()</span>ϵͳ���á�ת����ǰ�����״̬Ϊ���жϵĵȴ�״̬�������µ��ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// pause()</span>系统调用。转换当前任务的状态为可中断的等待状态，并重新调度。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ϵͳ���ý����½��̽���˯��״̬��ֱ���յ�һ���źš����ź�������ֹ���̻���ʹ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该系统调用将导致进程进入睡眠状态，直到收到一个信号。该信号用于终止进程或者使进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һ���źŲ�������ֻ�е�������һ���źţ������źŲ������������أ�<span
-lang=EN-US>pause()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>调用一个信号捕获函数。只有当捕获了一个信号，并且信号捕获处理函数返回，<span
+lang=EN-US>pause()</span>才</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�᷵�ء���ʱ <span
-lang=EN-US>pause()</span>����ֵӦ���� <span lang=EN-US>-1</span>������ <span lang=EN-US>errno</span>����Ϊ
-<span lang=EN-US>EINTR</span>�����ﻹû����ȫʵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>会返回。此时 <span
+lang=EN-US>pause()</span>返回值应该是 <span lang=EN-US>-1</span>，并且 <span lang=EN-US>errno</span>被置为
+<span lang=EN-US>EINTR</span>。这里还没有完全实现</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֱ��<span lang=EN-US>0.95</span>�棩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（直到<span lang=EN-US>0.95</span>版）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_pause</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -18155,34 +18155,34 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ѵ�ǰ������Ϊָ����˯��״̬�����жϵĻ򲻿��жϵģ�������˯�߶���ͷָ��ָ��ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把当前任务置为指定的睡眠状态（可中断的或不可中断的），并让睡眠队列头指针指向当前任务。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>p</span>�ǵȴ��������ͷָ�롣ָ���Ǻ���һ��������ַ�ı������������<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>ʹ����ָ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数参数<span lang=EN-US>p</span>是等待任务队列头指针。指针是含有一个变量地址的变量。这里参数<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>使用了指针的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ����ʽ <span lang=EN-US>'**p'</span>��������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>��������ֻ�ܴ�ֵ��û��ֱ�ӵķ�ʽ�ñ����ú����ı���øú���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针形式 <span lang=EN-US>'**p'</span>，这是因为<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数参数只能传值，没有直接的方式让被调用函数改变调用该函数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����б�����ֵ������ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>'*p'</span>ָ���Ŀ�꣨����������ṹ����ı䣬���Ϊ�����޸ĵ��ø�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程序中变量的值。但是指针<span
+lang=EN-US>'*p'</span>指向的目标（这里是任务结构）会改变，因此为了能修改调用该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ԭ������ָ�������ֵ������Ҫ����ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>'*p'</span>��ָ�룬��<span lang=EN-US>'**p'</span>���μ�����ǰʾ��ͼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数程序中原来就是指针变量的值，就需要传递指针<span
+lang=EN-US>'*p'</span>的指针，即<span lang=EN-US>'**p'</span>。参见程序前示例图中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // p</span>ָ���ʹ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // p</span>指针的使用情况。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>state</span>������˯��ʹ�õ�״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE</span>��<span lang=EN-US>TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE</span>�����ڲ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>state</span>是任务睡眠使用的状态：<span
+lang=EN-US>TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE</span>或<span lang=EN-US>TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE</span>。处于不可</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж�˯��״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE</span>����������Ҫ�ں˳�������<span lang=EN-US>wake_up()</span>������ȷ����֮��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中断睡眠状态（<span
+lang=EN-US>TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE</span>）的任务需要内核程序利用<span lang=EN-US>wake_up()</span>函数明确唤醒之。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڿ��ж�˯��״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE</span>������ͨ���źš�����ʱ���ֶλ��� ����Ϊ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处于可中断睡眠状态（<span
+lang=EN-US>TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE</span>）可以通过信号、任务超时等手段唤醒 （置为就绪</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>״̬<span lang=EN-US>TASK_RUNNING</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>状态<span lang=EN-US>TASK_RUNNING</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // *** </span>ע�⣬���ڱ��ں˴��벻�Ǻܳ��죬���������˯����صĴ������һЩ���⣬�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // *** </span>注意，由于本内核代码不是很成熟，因此下列与睡眠相关的代码存在一些问题，不宜深究。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>__sleep_on</span></u>(struct
@@ -18199,11 +18199,11 @@ style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> *tmp;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>174</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ����Ч�����˳�����ָ����ָ�Ķ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>����ָ�뱾������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若指针无效，则退出。（指针所指的对象可以是<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，但指针本身不会为<span lang=EN-US>0)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>(impossible!)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前任务是任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则死机<span lang=EN-US>(impossible!)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!p)</span></p>
@@ -18221,13 +18221,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;task[0] trying to
 sleep&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>ָ���Ѿ��ڵȴ������ϵ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����еĻ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>������<span lang=EN-US>inode-&gt;i_wait</span>�����ҽ�˯�߶���ͷ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>让<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>指向已经在等待队列上的任务<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>如果有的话<span lang=EN-US>)</span>，例如<span lang=EN-US>inode-&gt;i_wait</span>。并且将睡眠队列头</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ĵȴ�ָ��ָ��ǰ���������Ͱѵ�ǰ������뵽��<span
-lang=EN-US> *p</span>�ĵȴ������С�Ȼ�󽫵�ǰ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的等待指针指向当前任务。这样就把当前任务插入到了<span
+lang=EN-US> *p</span>的等待队列中。然后将当前任务置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊָ���ĵȴ�״̬����ִ�����µ��ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为指定的等待状态，并执行重新调度。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>179</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tmp = *p;</span></p>
@@ -18244,18 +18244,18 @@ style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>state</spa
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> repeat: <u><span style='color:blue'>schedule</span></u>();</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֻ�е�����ȴ����񱻻���ʱ��������ֻ᷵�ص������ʾ�����ѱ���ȷ�ػ��Ѳ�ִ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>只有当这个等待任务被唤醒时，程序才又会返回到这里，表示进程已被明确地唤醒并执行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȴ������л��еȴ����񣬲��Ҷ���ͷָ�� <span
-lang=EN-US>*p </span>��ָ��������ǵ�ǰ����ʱ��˵��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果等待队列中还有等待任务，并且队列头指针 <span
+lang=EN-US>*p </span>所指向的任务不是当前任务时，说明</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڱ��������ȴ����к����������ȴ����С���������Ӧ��ҲҪ����������񣬶���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在本任务插入等待队列后还有任务进入等待队列。于是我们应该也要唤醒这个任务，而我</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Լ�Ӧ��˳������Щ���������е������ѣ�������ｫ�ȴ�����ͷ��ָ��������Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>们自己应按顺序让这些后面进入队列的任务唤醒，因此这里将等待队列头所指任务先置为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����״̬�����Լ�����Ϊ�����жϵȴ�״̬�����Լ�Ҫ�ȴ���Щ���������е����񱻻���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>就绪状态，而自己则置为不可中断等待状态，即自己要等待这些后续进队列的任务被唤醒</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ��ʱ�����ѱ�����Ȼ������ִ�е��ȳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>而执行时来唤醒本任务。然后重新执行调度程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>183</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (*p &amp;&amp;
@@ -18277,15 +18277,15 @@ repeat;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>187</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�е����˵������������������ִ�С���ʱ�ȴ�����ͷָ��Ӧ��ָ����������Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行到这里，说明本任务真正被唤醒执行。此时等待队列头指针应该指向本任务，若它为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�գ���������������⣬������ʾ������Ϣ�����������ͷָ��ָ��������ǰ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>空，则表明调度有问题，于是显示警告信息。最后我们让头指针指向在我们前面进入队列</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>*p
-= tmp</span>���� ��ȷʵ��������һ�����񣬼������л�������<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>��Ϊ�գ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的任务（<span lang=EN-US>*p
+= tmp</span>）。 若确实存在这样一个任务，即队列中还有任务（<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>不为空），就</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����֮�����Ƚ�����е������ڻ��Ѻ�����ʱ���ջ�ѵȴ�����ͷָ���ó�<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>唤醒之。最先进入队列的任务在唤醒后运行时最终会把等待队列头指针置成<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!*p)</span></p>
@@ -18307,10 +18307,10 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ǰ������Ϊ���жϵĵȴ�״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE</span>����������ͷָ��<span lang=EN-US>*p</span>ָ���ĵȴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将当前任务置为可中断的等待状态（<span
+lang=EN-US>TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE</span>），并放入头指针<span lang=EN-US>*p</span>指定的等待</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>队列中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>interruptible_sleep_on</span></u>(struct
@@ -18329,10 +18329,10 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>198</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ѵ�ǰ������Ϊ�����жϵĵȴ�״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE</span>��������˯�߶���ͷָ��ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把当前任务置为不可中断的等待状态（<span
+lang=EN-US>TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE</span>），并让睡眠队列头指针指向</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ����ֻ����ȷ�ػ���ʱ�Ż᷵�ء��ú����ṩ�˽������жϴ�������֮���ͬ�����ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前任务。只有明确地唤醒时才会返回。该函数提供了进程与中断处理程序之间的同步机制。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>199</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>sleep_on</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -18351,12 +18351,12 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>203</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���� <span lang=EN-US>*p</span>ָ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>*p</span>������ȴ�����ͷָ�롣�����µȴ������ǲ����ڵȴ�����ͷָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>唤醒 <span lang=EN-US>*p</span>指向的任务。<span
+lang=EN-US>*p</span>是任务等待队列头指针。由于新等待任务是插入在等待队列头指针</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ģ���˻��ѵ���������ȴ����е��������������Ѿ�����ֹͣ����״̬������ʾ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处的，因此唤醒的是最后进入等待队列的任务。若该任务已经处于停止或僵死状态，则显示</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>警告信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>wake_up</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -18373,7 +18373,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (p &amp;&amp;
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if ((**p).<u><span style='color:blue'>state</span></u> == <u><span
 style='color:blue'>TASK_STOPPED</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ֹͣ״̬��</p>
+// </span>处于停止状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>208</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -18384,7 +18384,7 @@ TASK_STOPPED&quot;</i>); </span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if ((**p).<u><span style='color:blue'>state</span></u> == <u><span
 style='color:blue'>TASK_ZOMBIE</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ڽ���״̬��</p>
+// </span>处于僵死状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>210</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -18394,7 +18394,7 @@ TASK_ZOMBIE&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>211</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (**p).<u><span style='color:blue'>state</span></u>=0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��Ϊ����״̬<span lang=EN-US>TASK_RUNNING</span>��</p>
+</span>置为就绪状态<span lang=EN-US>TASK_RUNNING</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>212</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
@@ -18424,32 +18424,32 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ˣ������￪ʼ��һЩ�й����̵��ӳ��򣬱���Ӧ�÷����ں˵���Ҫ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>好了，从这里开始是一些有关软盘的子程序，本不应该放在内核的主要部分</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�еġ������Ƿ�����������Ϊ������Ҫ��ʱ���������������������ġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>中的。将它们放在这里是因为软驱需要定时处理，而放在这里是最方便的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>220
--- 281</span>�д������ڴ���������ʱ�����Ķ���δ���֮ǰ���ȿ�һ�¿��豸һ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面<span lang=EN-US>220
+-- 281</span>行代码用于处理软驱定时。在阅读这段代码之前请先看一下块设备一章中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�й�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>floppy.c</span>�������˵���� ���ߵ��Ķ����̿��豸��������ʱ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有关软盘驱动程序（<span
+lang=EN-US>floppy.c</span>）后面的说明， 或者到阅读软盘块设备驱动程序时在来看这</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�δ��롣����ʱ�䵥λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���δ�<span lang=EN-US> = 1/100</span>�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>段代码。其中时间单位：<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个滴答<span lang=EN-US> = 1/100</span>秒。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>wait_motor[]</span>���ڴ�ŵȴ�������������������ת�ٵĽ���ָ�롣��������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面数组<span lang=EN-US>wait_motor[]</span>用于存放等待软驱马达启动到正常转速的进程指针。数组索引<span
 lang=EN-US>0-3</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ֱ��Ӧ����<span
-lang=EN-US>A--D</span>������<span lang=EN-US> mon_timer[]</span>��Ÿ�����������������Ҫ�ĵδ�����������Ĭ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>分别对应软驱<span
+lang=EN-US>A--D</span>。数组<span lang=EN-US> mon_timer[]</span>存放各软驱马达启动所需要的滴答数。程序中默认</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>50</span>���δ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0.5</span>�룩������<span lang=EN-US> moff_timer[] </span>��Ÿ�����������ͣת֮ǰ��ά��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>启动时间为<span lang=EN-US>50</span>个滴答（<span
+lang=EN-US>0.5</span>秒）。数组<span lang=EN-US> moff_timer[] </span>存放各软驱在马达停转之前需维持</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ�䡣�������趨Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>10000</span>���δ�<span lang=EN-US>100</span>�룩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的时间。程序中设定为<span
+lang=EN-US>10000</span>个滴答（<span lang=EN-US>100</span>秒）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>220</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -18465,24 +18465,24 @@ lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>moff_timer</span></u>[4]={0,0
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������Ӧ�����������е�ǰ��������Ĵ������üĴ���ÿλ�Ķ������£�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面变量对应软驱控制器中当前数字输出寄存器。该寄存器每位的定义如下：</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ<span lang=EN-US>7-4</span>���ֱ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>D-A</span>�����������<span lang=EN-US>1 - </span>������<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>�رա�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位<span lang=EN-US>7-4</span>：分别控制驱动器<span
+lang=EN-US>D-A</span>马达的启动。<span lang=EN-US>1 - </span>启动；<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>关闭。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ<span lang=EN-US>3&nbsp;
-</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1 - </span>����<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>���ж�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0 - </span>��ֹ<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>���ж�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位<span lang=EN-US>3&nbsp;
+</span>：<span lang=EN-US>1 - </span>允许<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>和中断请求；<span
+lang=EN-US>0 - </span>禁止<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>和中断请求。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ<span lang=EN-US>2&nbsp;
-</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1 - </span>�������̿�������<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0 - </span>��λ���̿�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位<span lang=EN-US>2&nbsp;
+</span>：<span lang=EN-US>1 - </span>启动软盘控制器；<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+0 - </span>复位软盘控制器。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ<span lang=EN-US>1-0</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>00 - 11</span>������ѡ����Ƶ�����<span lang=EN-US>A-D</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位<span lang=EN-US>1-0</span>：<span
+lang=EN-US>00 - 11</span>，用于选择控制的软驱<span lang=EN-US>A-D</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ó�ֵΪ������<span
-lang=EN-US>DMA</span>���ж���������<span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这里设置初值为：允许<span
+lang=EN-US>DMA</span>和中断请求、启动<span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>223</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>current_DOR</span></u> =
@@ -18491,17 +18491,17 @@ lang=EN-US> unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>current_DOR</span></u> =
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>224</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ������������������ת״̬����ȴ�ʱ�䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指定软驱启动到正常运转状态所需等待时间。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>nr
--- </span>������<span lang=EN-US>(0--3)</span>������ֵΪ�δ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>nr
+-- </span>软驱号<span lang=EN-US>(0--3)</span>，返回值为滴答数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ֲ�����<span lang=EN-US>selected</span>��ѡ��������־��<span
-lang=EN-US>blk_drv/floppy.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>123</span>�У���<span
-lang=EN-US>mask</span>����ѡ������Ӧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>局部变量<span lang=EN-US>selected</span>是选中软驱标志（<span
+lang=EN-US>blk_drv/floppy.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>123</span>行）。<span
+lang=EN-US>mask</span>是所选软驱对应的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ĵ����������������λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>mask</span>��<span lang=EN-US>4</span>λ�Ǹ��������������־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数字输出寄存器中启动马达比特位。<span
+lang=EN-US>mask</span>高<span lang=EN-US>4</span>位是各软驱启动马达标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>225</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>ticks_to_floppy_on</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -18521,11 +18521,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char mask
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>229</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ�����<span lang=EN-US>4</span>������������Ԥ�����ú�ָ������<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>ͣת֮ǰ��Ҫ������ʱ�䣨<span lang=EN-US>100</span>�룩��Ȼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统最多有<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个软驱。首先预先设置好指定软驱<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>停转之前需要经过的时间（<span lang=EN-US>100</span>秒）。然后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��ǰ<span lang=EN-US>DOR</span>�Ĵ���ֵ����ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>mask</span>�У�����ָ������������������־��λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取当前<span lang=EN-US>DOR</span>寄存器值到临时变量<span
+lang=EN-US>mask</span>中，并把指定软驱的马达启动标志置位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>230</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;if (nr&gt;3)</span></p>
@@ -18537,18 +18537,18 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>232</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>moff_timer</span></u>[nr]=10000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* 100 s = very big :-) */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͣתά��ʱ�䡣</p>
+<b><i>/* 100 s = very big :-) */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>停转维持时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>233</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>cli</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* use floppy_off to turn it off */</i></b> // </span>���жϡ�</p>
+<b><i>/* use floppy_off to turn it off */</i></b> // </span>关中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>234</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mask |= <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current_DOR</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰû��ѡ�������������ȸ�λ����������ѡ��λ��Ȼ����ָ������ѡ��λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前没有选择软驱，则首先复位其他软驱的选择位，然后置指定软驱选择位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>235</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!<u><span
@@ -18565,17 +18565,17 @@ mask |= nr;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>238</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������Ĵ����ĵ�ǰֵ��Ҫ���ֵ��ͬ������<span
-lang=EN-US>FDC</span>��������˿������ֵ<span lang=EN-US>(mask)</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果数字输出寄存器的当前值与要求的值不同，则向<span
+lang=EN-US>FDC</span>数字输出端口输出新值<span lang=EN-US>(mask)</span>，并且</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ҫ�����������ﻹû��������������Ӧ����������������ʱ��ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>HZ/2 = 0.5</span>���<span lang=EN-US> 50</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果要求启动的马达还没有启动，则置相应软驱的马达启动定时器值（<span
+lang=EN-US>HZ/2 = 0.5</span>秒或<span lang=EN-US> 50</span>个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�δ𣩡����Ѿ���������������������ʱΪ<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>���δ����������� <span lang=EN-US>do_floppy_timer()</span>���ȵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>滴答）。若已经启动，则再设置启动定时为<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个滴答，能满足下面 <span lang=EN-US>do_floppy_timer()</span>中先递</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϵ�Ҫ��ִ�б��ζ�ʱ�����Ҫ�󼴿ɡ��˺���µ�ǰ��������Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>current_DOR</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>减后判断的要求。执行本次定时代码的要求即可。此后更新当前数字输出寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>current_DOR</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>239</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (mask != <u><span
@@ -18612,12 +18612,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>247</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>sti</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���жϡ�</p>
+// </span>开中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>248</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return <u><span
 style='color:blue'>mon_timer</span></u>[nr];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��󷵻��������������ʱ��ֵ��</p>
+// </span>最后返回启动马达所需的时间值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>249</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -18625,11 +18625,11 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>250</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ�ָ�������������������һ��ʱ�䣬Ȼ�󷵻ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待指定软驱马达启动所需的一段时间，然后返回。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ����������������������ת���������ʱ��Ȼ��˯�ߵȴ����ڶ�ʱ�жϹ����л�һֱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置指定软驱的马达启动到正常转速所需的延时，然后睡眠等待。在定时中断过程中会一直</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ݼ��ж������趨����ʱֵ������ʱ���ڣ��ͻỽ������ĵȴ����̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>递减判断这里设定的延时值。当延时到期，就会唤醒这里的等待进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>251</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy_on</span></u>(unsigned int
@@ -18638,9 +18638,9 @@ nr)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>252</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���жϡ��������������ʱ��û������һֱ�ѵ�ǰ������Ϊ�����ж�˯��״̬������ȴ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>关中断。如果马达启动定时还没到，就一直把当前进程置为不可中断睡眠状态并放入等待马达</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���еĶ����С�Ȼ���жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>运行的队列中。然后开中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>253</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -18664,11 +18664,11 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>258</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ùر���Ӧ��������ͣת��ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>�룩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>置关闭相应软驱马达停转定时器（<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>秒）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʹ�øú�����ȷ�ر�ָ������������������￪��<span
-lang=EN-US>100</span>��֮��Ҳ�ᱻ�رա�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若不使用该函数明确关闭指定的软驱马达，则在马达开启<span
+lang=EN-US>100</span>秒之后也会被关闭。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>259</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy_off</span></u>(unsigned int
@@ -18687,12 +18687,12 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>263</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̶�ʱ�����ӳ��򡣸�������������ʱֵ������ر�ͣת��ʱֵ�����ӳ������ʱ�Ӷ�ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>软盘定时处理子程序。更新马达启动定时值和马达关闭停转计时值。该子程序会在时钟定时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�жϹ����б����ã����ϵͳÿ����һ���δ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(10ms)</span>�ͻᱻ����һ�Σ���ʱ�������￪����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中断过程中被调用，因此系统每经过一个滴答<span
+lang=EN-US>(10ms)</span>就会被调用一次，随时更新马达开启或</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͣת��ʱ����ֵ�����ĳһ������ͣת��ʱ��������������Ĵ�����������λ��λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>停转定时器的值。如果某一个马达停转定时到，则将数字输出寄存器马达启动位复位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>264</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>do_floppy_timer</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -18717,7 +18717,7 @@ i++,mask &lt;&lt;= 1) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>270</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(mask &amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>current_DOR</span></u>))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>DOR</span>ָ����������������</p>
+// </span>如果不是<span lang=EN-US>DOR</span>指定的马达则跳过。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>271</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -18726,7 +18726,7 @@ continue;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>272</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>mon_timer</span></u>[i]) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������������ʱ�����ѽ��̡�</p>
+// </span>如果马达启动定时到则唤醒进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>273</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -18739,18 +18739,18 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>275</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 } else if (!<u><span style='color:blue'>moff_timer</span></u>[i]) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ͣת��ʱ����</p>
+// </span>如果马达停转定时到则</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>276</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>current_DOR</span></u> &amp;= ~mask;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��λ��Ӧ��������λ������</p>
+// </span>复位相应马达启动位，并且</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>277</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>outb</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>current_DOR</span></u>,<u><span
-style='color:blue'>FD_DOR</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������Ĵ�����</p>
+style='color:blue'>FD_DOR</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>更新数字输出寄存器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>278</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -18759,7 +18759,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>279</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>moff_timer</span></u>[i]--;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������ͣת��ʱ�ݼ���</p>
+// </span>否则马达停转计时递减。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>280</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
@@ -18770,8 +18770,8 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>282</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǹ��ڶ�ʱ���Ĵ��롣������<span
-lang=EN-US>64</span>����ʱ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面是关于定时器的代码。最多可有<span
+lang=EN-US>64</span>个定时器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>283</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIME_REQUESTS</span></u> 64</span></p>
@@ -18779,10 +18779,10 @@ lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIME_REQUESTS</span></u> 64</spa
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>284</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ�������ṹ�Ͷ�ʱ�����顣�ö�ʱ������ר���ڹ������ر�������������ﶨʱ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定时器链表结构和定时器数组。该定时器链表专用于供软驱关闭马达和启动马达定时操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ͷ�ʱ�������ִ�<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>ϵͳ�еĶ�̬��ʱ����<span lang=EN-US>Dynamic Timer</span>���������ں�ʹ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这种类型定时器类似现代<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>系统中的动态定时器（<span lang=EN-US>Dynamic Timer</span>），仅供内核使用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>285</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>timer_list</span></u> {</span></p>
@@ -18790,33 +18790,33 @@ lang=EN-US> static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>timer_list</span></u> {</s
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>286</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; long <u><span
 style='color:blue'>jiffies</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʱ�δ�����</p>
+// </span>定时滴答数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>287</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; void (*fn)();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʱ��������</p>
+// </span>定时处理程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>288</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>timer_list</span></u> * next;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ָ����һ����ʱ����</p>
+// </span>链接指向下一个定时器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>289</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> } <u><span style='color:blue'>timer_list</span></u>[<u><span
 style='color:blue'>TIME_REQUESTS</span></u>], * <u><span style='color:blue'>next_timer</span></u>
-= <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;&nbsp; // next_timer</span>�Ƕ�ʱ������ͷָ�롣</p>
+= <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;&nbsp; // next_timer</span>是定时器队列头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>290</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ӷ�ʱ�����������Ϊָ���Ķ�ʱֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�δ���<span lang=EN-US>)</span>����Ӧ�Ĵ�������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>添加定时器。输入参数为指定的定时值<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>滴答数<span lang=EN-US>)</span>和相应的处理程序指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������<span
-lang=EN-US>floppy.c</span>�����øú���ִ��������ر��������ʱ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>软盘驱动程序（<span
+lang=EN-US>floppy.c</span>）利用该函数执行启动或关闭马达的延时操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>jiffies
-�C </span>��<span lang=EN-US>10</span>����Ƶĵδ�����<span lang=EN-US>*fn()- </span>��ʱʱ�䵽ʱִ�еĺ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>jiffies
+– </span>以<span lang=EN-US>10</span>毫秒计的滴答数；<span lang=EN-US>*fn()- </span>定时时间到时执行的函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>291</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>add_timer</span></u>(long <u><span
@@ -18832,7 +18832,7 @@ style='color:blue'>timer_list</span></u> * p;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>294</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʱ��������ָ��Ϊ�գ����˳���������жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果定时处理程序指针为空，则退出。否则关中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>295</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!fn)</span></p>
@@ -18845,7 +18845,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>cli</span></u>();</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʱֵ<span lang=EN-US>&lt;=0</span>�������̵����䴦�����򡣲��Ҹö�ʱ�������������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果定时值<span lang=EN-US>&lt;=0</span>，则立刻调用其处理程序。并且该定时器不加入链表中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>298</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -18858,7 +18858,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>300</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; else {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ӷ�ʱ�������У���һ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则从定时器数组中，找一个空闲项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>301</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -18874,10 +18874,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ѿ������˶�ʱ�����飬��ϵͳ����<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>��������ʱ�����ݽṹ������Ӧ��Ϣ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果已经用完了定时器数组，则系统崩溃<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>。否则向定时器数据结构填入相应信息，并链入</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>链表头。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>304</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -18906,19 +18906,19 @@ p-&gt;next = <u><span style='color:blue'>next_timer</span></u>;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>next_timer</span></u> = p;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ʱֵ��С��������������ʱ��ȥ����ǰ����Ҫ�ĵδ����������ڴ�����ʱ��ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>链表项按定时值从小到大排序。在排序时减去排在前面需要的滴答数，这样在处理定时器时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֻҪ�鿴����ͷ�ĵ�һ��Ķ�ʱ�Ƿ��ڼ��ɡ�<span
-lang=EN-US>[[?? </span>��γ������û�п�����ȫ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>只要查看链表头的第一项的定时是否到期即可。<span
+lang=EN-US>[[?? </span>这段程序好象没有考虑周全。如果新</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ķ�ʱ��ֵС��ԭ��ͷһ����ʱ��ֵʱ������������ѭ���У�����ʱ����Ӧ�ý�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>插入的定时器值小于原来头一个定时器值时则根本不会进入循环中，但此时还是应该将紧随</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������һ����ʱ��ֵ��ȥ�µĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���Ķ�ʱֵ���������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����ʱֵ<span lang=EN-US>&lt;=</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其后面的一个定时器值减去新的第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个的定时值。即如果第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个定时值<span lang=EN-US>&lt;=</span>第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个，则第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱֵ�۳���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����ֵ���ɣ������������ѭ���н��д�����<span lang=EN-US>]]</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定时值扣除第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个的值即可，否则进入下面循环中进行处理。<span lang=EN-US>]]</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>310</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -18978,17 +18978,17 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>323</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ʱ���ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>��������������<span lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>_timer_interrupt</span>��<span lang=EN-US>189</span>�У������á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>时钟中断<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数处理程序，在<span lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>中的<span
+lang=EN-US>_timer_interrupt</span>（<span lang=EN-US>189</span>行）被调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>cpl</span>�ǵ�ǰ��Ȩ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>3</span>����ʱ���жϷ���ʱ����ִ�еĴ���ѡ����е���Ȩ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>cpl</span>是当前特权级<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>或<span lang=EN-US>3</span>，是时钟中断发生时正被执行的代码选择符中的特权级。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // cpl=0</span>ʱ��ʾ�жϷ���ʱ����ִ���ں˴��룻<span
-lang=EN-US>cpl=3</span>ʱ��ʾ�жϷ���ʱ����ִ���û����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // cpl=0</span>时表示中断发生时正在执行内核代码；<span
+lang=EN-US>cpl=3</span>时表示中断发生时正在执行用户代码。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һ����������ִ��ʱ��Ƭ����ʱ������������л�����ִ��һ����ʱ���¹�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于一个进程由于执行时间片用完时，则进行任务切换。并执行一个计时更新工作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>324</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>do_timer</span></u>(long cpl)</span></p>
@@ -19003,16 +19003,16 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; static int blanked
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>327</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ж��Ƿ񾭹���һ��ʱ�������Ļ������<span
-lang=EN-US>blankout</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>blankcount</span>������Ϊ�㣬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断是否经过了一定时间而让屏幕黑屏（<span
+lang=EN-US>blankout</span>）。如果<span lang=EN-US>blankcount</span>计数不为零，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ߺ�����ʱ���ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>blankinterval</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�Ļ�����ô���Ѿ����ں���״̬��������־</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>或者黑屏延时间隔时间<span
+lang=EN-US>blankinterval</span>为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的话，那么若已经处于黑屏状态（黑屏标志</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // blanked = 1</span>����������Ļ�ָ���ʾ����<span
-lang=EN-US>blankcount</span>������Ϊ�㣬��ݼ�֮�����Ҹ�λ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // blanked = 1</span>），则让屏幕恢复显示。若<span
+lang=EN-US>blankcount</span>计数不为零，则递减之，并且复位</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>黑屏标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>328</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -19039,7 +19039,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 blanked = 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ļ���������־δ��λ��������Ļ�������������ú�����־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则的话若黑屏标志未置位，则让屏幕黑屏，并且设置黑屏标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>334</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } else if
@@ -19056,8 +19056,8 @@ blanked = 1;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>337</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ŵ���Ӳ�̲�����ʱ���⡣���Ӳ�̳�ʱ�����ݼ�֮��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�������Ӳ�̷��ʳ�ʱ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着处理硬盘操作超时问题。如果硬盘超时计数递减之后为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则进行硬盘访问超时处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>338</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -19069,23 +19069,23 @@ if (!--<u><span style='color:blue'>hd_timeout</span></u>)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>340</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<u><span style='color:blue'>hd_times_out</span></u>();&nbsp; // </span>Ӳ�̷��ʳ�ʱ������<span
-lang=EN-US>blk_drv/hdc</span>��<span lang=EN-US>318</span>�У���</p>
+<u><span style='color:blue'>hd_times_out</span></u>();&nbsp; // </span>硬盘访问超时处理（<span
+lang=EN-US>blk_drv/hdc</span>，<span lang=EN-US>318</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>341</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������������رշ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x61</span>�ڷ��������λλ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����<span lang=EN-US>8253</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果发声计数次数到，则关闭发声。<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>向<span lang=EN-US>0x61</span>口发送命令，复位位<span lang=EN-US>0</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。位<span lang=EN-US>0</span>控制<span lang=EN-US>8253</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�Ĺ�����λ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>计数器<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的工作，位<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>控制扬声器<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>342</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>beepcount</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>����������ʱ��δ�����<span lang=EN-US>chr_drv/console.c,950</span>�У���</p>
+</span>扬声器发声时间滴答数（<span lang=EN-US>chr_drv/console.c,950</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>343</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -19098,20 +19098,20 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>345</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ��Ȩ��<span
-lang=EN-US>(cpl)</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ߣ���ʾ���ں˳����ڹ����������ں˴�������ʱ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前特权级<span
+lang=EN-US>(cpl)</span>为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（最高，表示是内核程序在工作），则将内核代码运行时间<span
 lang=EN-US>stime</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>[ Linus</span>���ں˳���ͳ��Ϊ�����û�<span
-lang=EN-US>(supervisor)</span>�ĳ��򣬼�<span lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>207</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>递增；<span lang=EN-US>[ Linus</span>把内核程序统称为超级用户<span
+lang=EN-US>(supervisor)</span>的程序，见<span lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>207</span>行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ϵ�Ӣ��ע�͡����ֳƺ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>Intel CPU </span>�ֲᡣ<span lang=EN-US>] </span>���<span lang=EN-US>cpl
-&gt; 0</span>�����ʾ��һ���û�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>上的英文注释。这种称呼来自于<span
+lang=EN-US>Intel CPU </span>手册。<span lang=EN-US>] </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>cpl
+&gt; 0</span>，则表示是一般用户程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڹ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>utime</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在工作，增加<span
+lang=EN-US>utime</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>346</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (cpl)</span></p>
@@ -19130,11 +19130,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>350</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ж�ʱ�����ڣ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����ʱ����ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������ѵ���<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���������Ӧ�Ĵ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果有定时器存在，则将链表第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个定时器的值减<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。如果已等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则调用相应的处理程序，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ô�������ָ����Ϊ�ա�Ȼ��ȥ�����ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>next_timer</span>�Ƕ�ʱ��������ͷָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并将该处理程序指针置为空。然后去掉该项定时器。<span
+lang=EN-US>next_timer</span>是定时器链表的头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>351</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -19153,7 +19153,7 @@ style='color:blue'>next_timer</span></u>-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>jiffies
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>354</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-void (*fn)(void); &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���������һ������ָ�붨�壡��<span
+void (*fn)(void); &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>这里插入了一个函数指针定义！！<span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>L</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>355</span></u><span
@@ -19176,7 +19176,7 @@ style='color:blue'>next_timer</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>next_time
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>359</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fn)();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ö�ʱ����������</p>
+// </span>调用定时处理函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>360</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -19185,8 +19185,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>361</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ���̿�����<span
-lang=EN-US>FDC</span>����������Ĵ�������������λ����λ�ģ���ִ�����̶�ʱ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前软盘控制器<span
+lang=EN-US>FDC</span>的数字输出寄存器中马达启动位有置位的，则执行软盘定时程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>362</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -19196,10 +19196,10 @@ style='color:blue'>current_DOR</span></u> &amp; 0xf0)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>do_floppy_timer</span></u>();</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; // </span>�����������ʱ�仹û�꣬���˳��������õ�ǰ�������м���ֵΪ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������������ʱ���ж�ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; // </span>如果进程运行时间还没完，则退出。否则置当前任务运行计数值为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。并且若发生时钟中断时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; // </span>�����ں˴����������򷵻أ��������ִ�е��Ⱥ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; // </span>正在内核代码中运行则返回，否则调用执行调度函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>364</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((--<u><span
@@ -19211,7 +19211,7 @@ style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;counter=0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>366</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!cpl) return;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ں�̬���򣬲�����<span lang=EN-US>counter</span>ֵ���е��ȡ�</p>
+// </span>对于内核态程序，不依赖<span lang=EN-US>counter</span>值进行调度。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>367</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
@@ -19223,25 +19223,25 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>369</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ���ù���<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>���ñ�����ʱʱ��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统调用功能<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>设置报警定时时间值<span lang=EN-US>(</span>秒<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>seconds</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���������¶�ʱֵ��������ԭ��ʱʱ�̻�ʣ��ļ��ʱ�䡣���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若参数<span lang=EN-US>seconds</span>大于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则设置新定时值，并返回原定时时刻还剩余的间隔时间。否则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ݽṹ�б�����ʱֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>alarm</span>�ĵ�λ��ϵͳ�δ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�δ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>10</span>���룩������ϵͳ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程数据结构中报警定时值<span
+lang=EN-US>alarm</span>的单位是系统滴答（<span lang=EN-US>1</span>滴答为<span lang=EN-US>10</span>毫秒），它是系统开机起到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ö�ʱ����ʱϵͳ�δ�ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>jiffies</span>��ת���ɵδ�λ�Ķ�ʱֵ֮�ͣ���<span lang=EN-US>'jiffies + HZ*</span>��ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置定时操作时系统滴答值<span
+lang=EN-US>jiffies</span>和转换成滴答单位的定时值之和，即<span lang=EN-US>'jiffies + HZ*</span>定时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>'</span>��������������������Ϊ��λ�Ķ�ʱֵ����˱���������Ҫ�����ǽ������ֵ�λ��ת����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>秒值<span lang=EN-US>'</span>。而参数给出的是以秒为单位的定时值，因此本函数的主要操作是进行两种单位的转换。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���г���<span lang=EN-US>HZ
-= 100</span>�����ں�ϵͳ����Ƶ�ʡ�������<span lang=EN-US>include/sched.h</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>���ϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其中常数<span lang=EN-US>HZ
+= 100</span>，是内核系统运行频率。定义在<span lang=EN-US>include/sched.h</span>第<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>行上。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>seconds</span>���µĶ�ʱʱ��ֵ����λ���롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>seconds</span>是新的定时时间值，单位是秒。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>370</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_alarm</span></u>(long seconds)</span></p>
@@ -19279,8 +19279,8 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>379</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��ǰ���̺�<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取当前进程号<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>380</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getpid</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -19298,7 +19298,7 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>384</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�����̺�<span lang=EN-US>ppid</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取父进程号<span lang=EN-US>ppid</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>385</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getppid</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -19316,7 +19316,7 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>389</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�û���<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取用户号<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>390</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getuid</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -19334,8 +19334,8 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>394</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��Ч���û���<span
-lang=EN-US>euid</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取有效的用户号<span
+lang=EN-US>euid</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>395</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_geteuid</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -19353,7 +19353,7 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>399</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ���<span lang=EN-US>gid</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取组号<span lang=EN-US>gid</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>400</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getgid</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -19371,8 +19371,8 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>404</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��Ч�����<span
-lang=EN-US>egid</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取有效的组号<span
+lang=EN-US>egid</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>405</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getegid</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -19390,12 +19390,12 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>409</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ���ù���<span
-lang=EN-US> -- </span>���Ͷ�<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>��ʹ������Ȩ�����˻�����<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统调用功能<span
+lang=EN-US> -- </span>降低对<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>的使用优先权（有人会用吗？<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ӧ������<span lang=EN-US>increment</span>Ϊ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��ֵ�������ʹ����Ȩ���󣡣�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>应该限制<span lang=EN-US>increment</span>为大于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的值，否则可使优先权增大！！</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>410</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_nice</span></u>(long increment)</span></p>
@@ -19420,7 +19420,7 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>416</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں˵��ȳ���ĳ�ʼ���ӳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核调度程序的初始化子程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>417</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>sched_init</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -19434,48 +19434,48 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>420</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>desc_struct</span></u> * p; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>���������ṹָ�롣</p>
+</span>描述符表结构指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>421</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Linux</span>ϵͳ����֮�����ں˲����졣�ں˴���ᱻ�����޸ġ�<span
-lang=EN-US>Linus</span>���Լ��������޸�����Щ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Linux</span>系统开发之初，内核不成熟。内核代码会被经常修改。<span
+lang=EN-US>Linus</span>怕自己无意中修改了这些</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ؼ��Ե����ݽṹ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>��׼�Ĳ����ݡ����������������ж���䲢�ޱ�Ҫ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>关键性的数据结构，造成与<span
+lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>标准的不兼容。这里加入下面这个判断语句并无必要，纯粹</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ�������Լ��Լ������޸��ں˴�����ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是为了提醒自己以及其他修改内核代码的人。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>422</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (sizeof(struct <u><span
-style='color:blue'>sigaction</span></u>) != 16) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// sigaction</span>�Ǵ���й��ź�״̬�Ľṹ��</p>
+style='color:blue'>sigaction</span></u>) != 16) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// sigaction</span>是存放有关信号状态的结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>423</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;Struct sigaction MUST be
 16 bytes&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȫ���������������ó�ʼ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��������״̬���������;ֲ����ݱ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在全局描述符表中设置初始任务（任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>）的任务状态段描述符和局部数据表描述符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // FIRST_TSS_ENTRY</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>FIRST_LDT_ENTRY</span>��ֵ�ֱ���<span lang=EN-US>4</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>5</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/sched.h</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // FIRST_TSS_ENTRY</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>FIRST_LDT_ENTRY</span>的值分别是<span lang=EN-US>4</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>5</span>，定义在<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/sched.h</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�У�<span lang=EN-US>gdt
-</span>��һ�������������飨<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/head.h </span>����ʵ���϶�Ӧ���� <span
-lang=EN-US>head.s </span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中；<span lang=EN-US>gdt
+</span>是一个描述符表数组（<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/head.h </span>），实际上对应程序 <span
+lang=EN-US>head.s </span>中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>234</span>���ϵ�ȫ������������ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>_gdt</span>�������<span lang=EN-US> gdt + FIRST_TSS_ENTRY </span>��Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>234</span>行上的全局描述符表基址（<span
+lang=EN-US>_gdt</span>）。因此<span lang=EN-US> gdt + FIRST_TSS_ENTRY </span>即为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // gdt[FIRST_TSS_ENTRY]</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>gdt[4]</span>����Ҳ�� <span lang=EN-US>gdt </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>4</span>��ĵ�ַ��
-�μ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // gdt[FIRST_TSS_ENTRY]</span>（即是<span
+lang=EN-US>gdt[4]</span>），也即 <span lang=EN-US>gdt </span>数组第<span lang=EN-US>4</span>项的地址。
+参见</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // include/asm/system.h,</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>65</span>�п�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // include/asm/system.h,</span>第<span
+lang=EN-US>65</span>行开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>424</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -19489,10 +19489,10 @@ style='color:blue'>set_ldt_desc</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>gdt</span
 style='color:blue'>FIRST_LDT_ENTRY</span></u>,&amp;(<u><span style='color:blue'>init_task</span></u>.<u><span
 style='color:blue'>task</span></u>.ldt));</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������������������ע��<span
-lang=EN-US>i=1</span>��ʼ�����Գ�ʼ��������������ڣ�����������ṹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>清任务数组和描述符表项（注意<span
+lang=EN-US>i=1</span>开始，所以初始任务的描述符还在）。描述符项结构</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ļ�<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/head.h</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义在文件<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/head.h</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>426</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; p = <u><span
@@ -19529,50 +19529,50 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* Clear NT, so that we won't have troubles with that later
 on */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�����־�Ĵ����е�λ<span
-lang=EN-US>NT</span>�������Ժ�Ͳ������鷳<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>清除标志寄存器中的位<span
+lang=EN-US>NT</span>，这样以后就不会有麻烦<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // EFLAGS</span>�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>NT</span>��־λ���ڿ��������Ƕ�׵��á���<span lang=EN-US>NT</span>λ��λʱ����ô��ǰ�ж�����ִ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // EFLAGS</span>中的<span
+lang=EN-US>NT</span>标志位用于控制任务的嵌套调用。当<span lang=EN-US>NT</span>位置位时，那么当前中断任务执行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // IRET</span>ָ��ʱ�ͻ����������л���<span
-lang=EN-US>NT</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>�е�<span lang=EN-US>back_link</span>�ֶ��Ƿ���Ч��<span
-lang=EN-US>NT=0</span>ʱ��Ч��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // IRET</span>指令时就会引起任务切换。<span
+lang=EN-US>NT</span>指出<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>中的<span lang=EN-US>back_link</span>字段是否有效。<span
+lang=EN-US>NT=0</span>时无效。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>435</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; __asm__(<i>&quot;pushfl
-; andl $0xffffbfff,(%esp) ; popfl&quot;</i>);&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>NT</span>��־��</p>
+; andl $0xffffbfff,(%esp) ; popfl&quot;</i>);&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>复位<span
+lang=EN-US>NT</span>标志。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>0 </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US> TSS</span>��ѡ������ص�����Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US>tr</span>�����ֲ�����������ѡ������ص��ֲ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将任务<span lang=EN-US>0 </span>的<span
+lang=EN-US> TSS</span>段选择符加载到任务寄存器<span lang=EN-US>tr</span>。将局部描述符表段选择符加载到局部描述</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US>ldtr</span>�С�ע�⣡���ǽ�<span
-lang=EN-US>GDT</span>����Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>LDT</span>��������ѡ������ص�<span lang=EN-US>ldtr</span>��ֻ��ȷ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符表寄存器<span lang=EN-US>ldtr</span>中。注意！！是将<span
+lang=EN-US>GDT</span>中相应<span lang=EN-US>LDT</span>描述符的选择符加载到<span lang=EN-US>ldtr</span>。只明确加</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ�Σ��Ժ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>LDT</span>�ļ��أ���<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>����<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>LDT</span>���Զ����ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这一次，以后新任务<span
+lang=EN-US>LDT</span>的加载，是<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>根据<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>中的<span
+lang=EN-US>LDT</span>项自动加载。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>436</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>ltr</span></u>(0);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/sched.h </span>��<span lang=EN-US>157-158</span>�С�</p>
+// </span>定义在<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/sched.h </span>第<span lang=EN-US>157-158</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>437</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>lldt</span></u>(0);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���в�����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��������š�</p>
+// </span>其中参数（<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）是任务号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ڳ�ʼ��<span
-lang=EN-US> 8253</span>��ʱ����ͨ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ѡ������ʽ<span lang=EN-US>3</span>�������Ƽ�����ʽ��ͨ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面代码用于初始化<span
+lang=EN-US> 8253</span>定时器。通道<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，选择工作方式<span lang=EN-US>3</span>，二进制计数方式。通道<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ž����жϿ�����оƬ��<span
-lang=EN-US>IRQ0</span>�ϣ���ÿ<span lang=EN-US>10</span>���뷢��һ��<span lang=EN-US>IRQ0</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>LATCH</span>�ǳ�ʼ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输出引脚接在中断控制主芯片的<span
+lang=EN-US>IRQ0</span>上，它每<span lang=EN-US>10</span>毫秒发出一个<span lang=EN-US>IRQ0</span>请求。<span
+lang=EN-US>LATCH</span>是初始</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定时计数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>438</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
@@ -19583,21 +19583,21 @@ style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(0x36,0x43);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>LATCH</span></u>
 &amp; 0xff , 0x40);&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/* LSB */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʱֵ���ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>定时值低字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>440</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>LATCH</span></u>
 &gt;&gt; 8 , 0x40);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/*
-MSB */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱֵ���ֽڡ�</p>
+MSB */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定时值高字节。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱ���жϴ���������������ʱ���ж��ţ����޸��жϿ����������룬����ʱ���жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置时钟中断处理程序句柄（设置时钟中断门）。修改中断控制器屏蔽码，允许时钟中断。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ������ϵͳ�����ж��š������������ж���������<span
-lang=EN-US>IDT</span>���������ĺ궨�����ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后设置系统调用中断门。这两个设置中断描述符表<span
+lang=EN-US>IDT</span>中描述符的宏定义在文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // include/asm/system.h</span>�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>33</span>��<span lang=EN-US>39</span>�д������ߵ�����μ�<span lang=EN-US>system.h</span>�ļ���ʼ����˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // include/asm/system.h</span>中第<span
+lang=EN-US>33</span>、<span lang=EN-US>39</span>行处。两者的区别参见<span lang=EN-US>system.h</span>文件开始处的说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>441</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -19635,7 +19635,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447979"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447383"></a><a name="_Toc53320608"><span lang=EN-US>8.6 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>8-6 linux/kernel/signal.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>8-6 linux/kernel/signal.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -19658,31 +19658,31 @@ linux/kernel/signal.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�����������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>����ʼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ݣ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、初始任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的数据，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����һЩ�й��������������úͻ�ȡ��Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ������䡣</p>
+// </span>还有一些有关描述符参数设置和获取的嵌入式汇编函数宏语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ź�ͷ�ļ��������źŷ��ų������źŽṹ���źŲ�������ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号头文件。定义信号符号常量，信号结构及信号操作函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ͷ�ļ�����������ŷ��ų�����</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>出错号头文件。定义出错号符号常量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
 </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ��ǰ�����ź�����λͼ��������������룩��<span
-lang=EN-US>sgetmask</span>�ɷֽ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>signal-get-mask</span>���������ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>获取当前任务信号屏蔽位图（屏蔽码或阻塞码）。<span
+lang=EN-US>sgetmask</span>可分解为<span lang=EN-US>signal-get-mask</span>。以下类似。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_sgetmask</span></u>()</span></p>
@@ -19696,8 +19696,8 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;blocked;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����µ��ź�����λͼ���ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGKILL</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span>���ܱ����Ρ�����ֵ��ԭ�ź�����λͼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置新的信号屏蔽位图。信号<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGKILL</span>和<span lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span>不能被屏蔽。返回值是原信号屏蔽位图。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_ssetmask</span></u>(int newmask)</span></p>
@@ -19721,8 +19721,8 @@ return old;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ⲣȡ�ý����յ��ĵ������Σ����������źš���δ�����źŵ�λͼ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>set</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>检测并取得进程收到的但被屏蔽（阻塞）的信号。还未处理信号的位图将被放入<span
+lang=EN-US>set</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_sigpending</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -19733,13 +19733,13 @@ style='color:blue'>sigset_t</span></u> *set)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <b><i>/* fill in &quot;set&quot; with signals pending but blocked. */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�û�δ�������ұ������źŵ�λͼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>set</span>ָ����ָλ�ô�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>用还未处理并且被阻塞信号的位图填入<span
+lang=EN-US>set</span>指针所指位置处<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������֤�����ṩ���û��洢�ռ�Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>���ֽڡ�Ȼ��ѻ�δ�������ұ������źŵ�λͼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先验证进程提供的用户存储空间应有<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>个字节。然后把还未处理并且被阻塞信号的位图填入</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // set</span>ָ����ָλ�ô���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // set</span>指针所指位置处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(set,4);</span></p>
@@ -19792,54 +19792,54 @@ the current mask in old_mask and block until a signal comes in.</i></b></span></
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�Զ��ظ������µ��ź������룬���ȴ��źŵĵ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>自动地更换成新的信号屏蔽码，并等待信号的到来。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������Ҫ��ϵͳ���ã�<span
-lang=EN-US>syscall</span>����һЩ���������ǻ��ϵͳ���ÿ�ӿ�ȡ��ĳЩ��Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>我们需要对系统调用（<span
+lang=EN-US>syscall</span>）做一些处理。我们会从系统调用库接口取得某些信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�⣬������Ҫ�ѵ��ù�����<span
-lang=EN-US>libc</span>���е��ӳ���ͳһ���ǡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意，我们需要把调用规则与<span
+lang=EN-US>libc</span>库中的子程序统一考虑。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * &quot;set&quot; </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>��׼<span lang=EN-US>1003.1-1988</span>��<span lang=EN-US>3.3.7</span>�������������ź�������<span
-lang=EN-US>sigmask</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * &quot;set&quot; </span>正是<span
+lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>标准<span lang=EN-US>1003.1-1988</span>的<span lang=EN-US>3.3.7</span>节中所描述的信号屏蔽码<span
+lang=EN-US>sigmask</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>������Ϊ����<span lang=EN-US>sigset_t</span>�ܹ���Ϊһ��<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>λ�����ݡ�</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>其中认为类型<span lang=EN-US>sigset_t</span>能够作为一个<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>位量传递。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * &quot;restart&quot;</span>�б���������ָʾ��־�����Ϊ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ����ô���Ǿ�����ԭ���������룬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * &quot;restart&quot;</span>中保持有重启指示标志。如果为非<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>值，那么我们就设置原来的屏蔽码，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�����������ء������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ô���ǾͰѵ�ǰ�������뱣����<span
-lang=EN-US>oldmask</span>��</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>并且正常返回。如果它为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，那么我们就把当前的屏蔽码保存在<span
+lang=EN-US>oldmask</span>中</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�����������̣�ֱ���յ��κ�һ���ź�Ϊֹ��</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>并且阻塞进程，直到收到任何一个信号为止。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ϵͳ������ʱ�ѽ����ź��������滻�ɲ����и�����<span
-lang=EN-US>set</span>��Ȼ�������̣�ֱ���յ�һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该系统调用临时把进程信号屏蔽码替换成参数中给定的<span
+lang=EN-US>set</span>，然后挂起进程，直到收到一个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ź�Ϊֹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号为止。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // restart</span>��һ�����жϵ�ϵͳ��������������־������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ε��ø�ϵͳ����ʱ������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // restart</span>是一个被中断的系统调用重新启动标志。当第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>次调用该系统调用时，它是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。并且</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڸú����л�ѽ���ԭ���������� <span
-lang=EN-US>blocked</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>old_mask</span>���������� <span
-lang=EN-US>restart</span>Ϊ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在该函数中会把进程原来的阻塞码 <span
+lang=EN-US>blocked</span>保存起来（<span lang=EN-US>old_mask</span>），并设置 <span
+lang=EN-US>restart</span>为非<span lang=EN-US>0</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֵ����˵����̵�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ε��ø�ϵͳ����ʱ�����ͻ�ָ�����ԭ��������<span lang=EN-US>old_mask</span>�е������롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>值。因此当进程第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>次调用该系统调用时，它就会恢复进程原来保存在<span lang=EN-US>old_mask</span>中的阻塞码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_sigsuspend</span></u>(int restart, unsigned
@@ -19847,26 +19847,26 @@ long old_mask, unsigned long set)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pause()</span>ϵͳ���ý����µ������Ľ��̽���˯��״̬��ֱ���յ�һ���źš����źŻ��߻���ֹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pause()</span>系统调用将导致调用它的进程进入睡眠状态，直到收到一个信号。该信号或者会终止</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̵�ִ�У����ߵ��½���ȥִ����Ӧ���źŲ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程的执行，或者导致进程去执行相应的信号捕获函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_pause</span></u>(void);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>restart</span>��־��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ�������ó����������������ǻָ�ǰ�汣����<span lang=EN-US>old_mask</span>�е�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>restart</span>标志不为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示是重新让程序运行起来。于是恢复前面保存在<span lang=EN-US>old_mask</span>中的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ԭ���������롣��������<span
-lang=EN-US>-EINTR</span>��ϵͳ���ñ��ź��жϣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>原进程阻塞码。并返回码<span
+lang=EN-US>-EINTR</span>（系统调用被信号中断）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (restart) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* we're restarting */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����������������ϵͳ����<span
+<b><i>/* we're restarting */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>我们正在重新启动系统调用<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -19878,26 +19878,26 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINTR</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʾ<span lang=EN-US>restart</span>��־��ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ε��á�������������<span lang=EN-US>restart</span>��־����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则表示<span lang=EN-US>restart</span>标志的值是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。表示第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>次调用。于是首先设置<span lang=EN-US>restart</span>标志（置为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������̵�ǰ������ <span
-lang=EN-US>blocked </span>�� <span lang=EN-US>old_mask</span>�У����ѽ��̵��������滻�� <span
-lang=EN-US>set</span>��Ȼ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>保存进程当前阻塞码 <span
+lang=EN-US>blocked </span>到 <span lang=EN-US>old_mask</span>中，并把进程的阻塞码替换成 <span
+lang=EN-US>set</span>。然后调用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pause()</span>�ý���˯�ߣ��ȴ��źŵĵ������������յ�һ���ź�ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pause() </span>�ͻ᷵�أ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pause()</span>让进程睡眠，等待信号的到来。当进程收到一个信号时，<span
+lang=EN-US>pause() </span>就会返回，并且</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̻�ȥִ���źŴ���������Ȼ�󱾵��÷��� <span
-lang=EN-US>-ERESTARTNOINTR </span>���˳������������˵��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程会去执行信号处理函数，然后本调用返回 <span
+lang=EN-US>-ERESTARTNOINTR </span>码退出。这个返回码说明</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ������źź�Ҫ�󷵻ص���ϵͳ�����м������У�����ϵͳ���ò��ᱻ�жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在处理完信号后要求返回到本系统调用中继续运行，即本系统调用不会被中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <b><i>/* we're not restarting.&nbsp; do the work */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���ǲ��������������У���ô�͸ɻ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>我们不是重新重新运行，那么就干活吧<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -19921,8 +19921,8 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ERESTARTNOINTR</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>���ݵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>���ݶ�<span lang=EN-US>to</span>���������ں˿ռ临�Ƶ��û����������ݶ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复制<span lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>数据到<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>数据段<span lang=EN-US>to</span>处。即从内核空间复制到用户（任务）数据段中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>
 static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>save_old</span></u>(char *
@@ -19935,11 +19935,11 @@ int i;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������֤<span lang=EN-US>to</span>�����ڴ�ռ��Ƿ��㹻��Ȼ���һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>�ṹ��Ϣ���Ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>�Σ��û���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先验证<span lang=EN-US>to</span>处的内存空间是否足够大。然后把一个<span
+lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>结构信息复制到<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>段（用户）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ռ��С��꺯��<span
-lang=EN-US>put_fs_byte()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>include/asm/segment.h</span>��ʵ�֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>空间中。宏函数<span
+lang=EN-US>put_fs_byte()</span>在<span lang=EN-US>include/asm/segment.h</span>中实现。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(to, sizeof(struct <u><span
@@ -19965,8 +19965,8 @@ to++;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>���ݴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>���ݶ�<span lang=EN-US>from</span>λ�ø��Ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>to</span>���������û����ݿռ�ȡ���ں����ݶ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把<span lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>数据从<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>数据段<span lang=EN-US>from</span>位置复制到<span lang=EN-US>to</span>处。即从用户数据空间取到内核数据段中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>
 static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>get_new</span></u>(char *
@@ -19991,23 +19991,23 @@ style='color:blue'>get_fs_byte</span></u>(from++);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // signal()</span>ϵͳ���á�������<span
-lang=EN-US>sigaction()</span>��Ϊָ�����źŰ�װ�µ��źž��<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�źŴ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // signal()</span>系统调用。类似于<span
+lang=EN-US>sigaction()</span>。为指定的信号安装新的信号句柄<span lang=EN-US>(</span>信号处理程序<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�źž���������û�ָ���ĺ�����Ҳ������<span
-lang=EN-US>SIG_DFL</span>��Ĭ�Ͼ������<span lang=EN-US>SIG_IGN</span>�����ԣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号句柄可以是用户指定的函数，也可以是<span
+lang=EN-US>SIG_DFL</span>（默认句柄）或<span lang=EN-US>SIG_IGN</span>（忽略）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>signum
---</span>ָ�����źţ�<span lang=EN-US>handler -- </span>ָ���ľ����<span lang=EN-US>restorer
-�C</span>�ָ�����ָ�룬�ú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>signum
+--</span>指定的信号；<span lang=EN-US>handler -- </span>指定的句柄；<span lang=EN-US>restorer
+–</span>恢复函数指针，该函数由</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Libc </span>���ṩ���������źŴ������������ָ�ϵͳ���÷���ʱ�����Ĵ�����ԭ��ֵ�Լ�ϵͳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Libc </span>库提供。用于在信号处理程序结束后恢复系统调用返回时几个寄存器的原有值以及系统</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���õķ���ֵ���ͺ���ϵͳ����û��ִ�й��źŴ��������ֱ�ӷ��ص��û�����һ����
-����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>调用的返回值，就好象系统调用没有执行过信号处理程序而直接返回到用户程序一样。
+函数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ԭ�źž����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回原信号句柄。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_signal</span></u>(int signum, long handler,
@@ -20020,11 +20020,11 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>sigaction</span></u> tmp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������֤�ź�ֵ����Ч��Χ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1--32</span>���ڣ����Ҳ������ź�<span lang=EN-US>SIGKILL</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span>������Ϊ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先验证信号值在有效范围（<span
+lang=EN-US>1--32</span>）内，并且不得是信号<span lang=EN-US>SIGKILL</span>（和<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span>）。因为这</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����źŲ��ܱ����̲���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>两个信号不能被进程捕获。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (signum&lt;1 || signum&gt;32 || signum==<u><span style='color:blue'>SIGKILL</span></u>
@@ -20033,14 +20033,14 @@ if (signum&lt;1 || signum&gt;32 || signum==<u><span style='color:blue'>SIGKILL</
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ������ṩ�Ĳ����齨<span
-lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>�ṹ���ݡ�<span lang=EN-US>sa_handler</span>��ָ�����źŴ����������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后根据提供的参数组建<span
+lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>结构内容。<span lang=EN-US>sa_handler</span>是指定的信号处理句柄（函数）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sa_mask</span>��ִ���źŴ������ʱ���ź������롣<span
-lang=EN-US>sa_flags</span>��ִ��ʱ��һЩ��־��ϡ������趨</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sa_mask</span>是执行信号处理句柄时的信号屏蔽码。<span
+lang=EN-US>sa_flags</span>是执行时的一些标志组合。这里设定</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���źŴ������ֻʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�κ�ͻָ���Ĭ��ֵ���������ź����Լ��Ĵ���������յ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该信号处理句柄只使用<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>次后就恢复到默认值，并允许信号在自己的处理句柄中收到。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 tmp.sa_handler = (void (*)(int)) handler;</span></p>
@@ -20053,10 +20053,10 @@ tmp.sa_flags = <u><span style='color:blue'>SA_ONESHOT</span></u> | <u><span
 style='color:blue'>SA_NOMASK</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-tmp.sa_restorer = (void (*)(void)) restorer;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ���������ָ�롣</p>
+tmp.sa_restorer = (void (*)(void)) restorer;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>保存恢复处理函数指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ���ź�ԭ���Ĵ�������������ø��źŵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>�ṹ����󷵻�ԭ�źž����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着取该信号原来的处理句柄，并设置该信号的<span
+lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>结构。最后返回原信号句柄。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 handler = (long) <u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;<u><span
@@ -20073,15 +20073,15 @@ return handler;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sigaction()</span>ϵͳ���á��ı�������յ�һ���ź�ʱ�Ĳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>signum</span>�ǳ���<span lang=EN-US>SIGKILL</span>�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sigaction()</span>系统调用。改变进程在收到一个信号时的操作。<span
+lang=EN-US>signum</span>是除了<span lang=EN-US>SIGKILL</span>以外的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>�κ��źš�<span lang=EN-US>[</span>����²�����<span
-lang=EN-US>action</span>����Ϊ��<span lang=EN-US> ]</span>���²�������װ����� <span
-lang=EN-US>oldaction</span>ָ�벻Ϊ�գ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>任何信号。<span lang=EN-US>[</span>如果新操作（<span
+lang=EN-US>action</span>）不为空<span lang=EN-US> ]</span>则新操作被安装。如果 <span
+lang=EN-US>oldaction</span>指针不为空，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ԭ������������<span
-lang=EN-US>oldaction</span>���ɹ��򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>-EINVAL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则原操作被保留到<span
+lang=EN-US>oldaction</span>。成功则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则为<span lang=EN-US>-EINVAL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_sigaction</span></u>(int
@@ -20101,11 +20101,11 @@ style='color:blue'>sigaction</span></u> tmp;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>������֤�ź�ֵ����Ч��Χ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1--32</span>���ڣ����Ҳ������ź�<span lang=EN-US>SIGKILL</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span>������Ϊ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>首先验证信号值在有效范围（<span
+lang=EN-US>1--32</span>）内，并且不得是信号<span lang=EN-US>SIGKILL</span>（和<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span>）。因为这</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����źŲ��ܱ����̲���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>两个信号不能被进程捕获。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (signum&lt;1 ||
@@ -20116,11 +20116,11 @@ signum==<u><span style='color:blue'>SIGSTOP</span></u>)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���źŵ�<span lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>�ṹ�������µĲ����������������<span
-lang=EN-US>oldaction</span>ָ�벻Ϊ�յĻ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在信号的<span lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>结构中设置新的操作（动作）。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>oldaction</span>指针不为空的话，则将</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ԭ����ָ�뱣�浽<span
-lang=EN-US>oldaction</span>��ָ��λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>原操作指针保存到<span
+lang=EN-US>oldaction</span>所指的位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>107</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; tmp = <u><span
@@ -20143,8 +20143,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>save_old</span></u>((char *) &amp;tmp,(char *)
 oldaction);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ź����Լ����źž�����յ�������������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�������������α��źš�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果允许信号在自己的信号句柄中收到，则令屏蔽码为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则设置屏蔽本信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>112</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -20188,8 +20188,8 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ڵ�ǰĿ¼�в���<span
-lang=EN-US>core dump</span>ӳ���ļ����ӳ���Ŀǰ��û��ʵ�֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>在当前目录中产生<span
+lang=EN-US>core dump</span>映像文件的子程序。目前还没有实现。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -20209,35 +20209,35 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>127</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ���õ��жϴ����������������ź�Ԥ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s,119</span>�У������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统调用的中断处理程序中真正的信号预处理程序（在<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s,119</span>行）。这段</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ҫ�����ǽ��źŴ���������뵽�û������ջ�У����ڱ�ϵͳ���ý������غ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>代码的主要作用是将信号处理句柄插入到用户程序堆栈中，并在本系统调用结束返回后立刻</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ���źž������Ȼ�����ִ���û��ĳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行信号句柄程序，然后继续执行用户的程序。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ĳ����ǽ���ϵͳ���ô�������<span
-lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>��ʼ��ֱ�����ñ�������<span lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数的参数是进入系统调用处理程序<span
+lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>开始，直到调用本函数（<span lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>125</span>�У�ǰ��ѹ���ջ��ֵ����Щֵ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>�еĴ����У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>125</span>行）前逐步压入堆栈的值。这些值包括（在<span
+lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>中的代码行）：</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // �� CPU</span>ִ���ж�ָ��ѹ����û�ջ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>ss</span>��<span lang=EN-US>esp</span>����־�Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US>eflags</span>�ͷ��ص�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>cs</span>��<span lang=EN-US>eip</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ① CPU</span>执行中断指令压入的用户栈地址<span
+lang=EN-US>ss</span>和<span lang=EN-US>esp</span>、标志寄存器<span lang=EN-US>eflags</span>和返回地址<span
+lang=EN-US>cs</span>和<span lang=EN-US>eip</span>；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // �� </span>��<span lang=EN-US>85--91</span>���ڸս���<span
-lang=EN-US>system_call</span>ʱѹ��ջ�ĶμĴ���<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>es</span>��<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>�Լ��Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US>eax</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ② </span>第<span lang=EN-US>85--91</span>行在刚进入<span
+lang=EN-US>system_call</span>时压入栈的段寄存器<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>es</span>、<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>以及寄存器<span lang=EN-US>eax</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>orig_eax</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>edx</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（<span lang=EN-US>orig_eax</span>）、<span
+lang=EN-US>edx</span>、<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>和<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>的值；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // �� </span>��<span lang=EN-US>100</span>�е���<span
-lang=EN-US>sys_call_table</span>��ѹ��ջ�е���Ӧϵͳ���ô��������ķ���ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ③ </span>第<span lang=EN-US>100</span>行调用<span
+lang=EN-US>sys_call_table</span>后压入栈中的相应系统调用处理函数的返回值（<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�� ��<span lang=EN-US>124</span>��ѹ��ջ�еĵ�ǰ�������ź�ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>signr</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>④ 第<span lang=EN-US>124</span>行压入栈中的当前处理的信号值（<span
+lang=EN-US>signr</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>128</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>do_signal</span></u>(long
@@ -20272,7 +20272,7 @@ style='color:blue'>sigaction</span></u> + signr - 1;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>136</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int longs;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�� <span lang=EN-US>current-&gt;sigaction[signr-1]</span>��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>即 <span lang=EN-US>current-&gt;sigaction[signr-1]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -20284,8 +20284,8 @@ tmp_esp;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǵ�����䡣��������<span
-lang=EN-US>notdef</span>ʱ���ӡ�����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下是调试语句。当定义了<span
+lang=EN-US>notdef</span>时会打印相关信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #ifdef notdef</span></p>
@@ -20306,34 +20306,34 @@ sa-&gt;sa_flags &amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>SA_INTERRUPT</span></u>);</spa
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>144</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #endif</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ϵͳ���ö��������ж�ִ�й����е��õ�������ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; roig_eax </span>ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US> -1</span>�� �μ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果不是系统调用而是其它中断执行过程中调用到本函数时，<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; roig_eax </span>值为<span lang=EN-US> -1</span>。 参见</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sys_call.s </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>144</span>�� ����䡣��˵� <span lang=EN-US>orig_eax</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US> -1 </span>ʱ��˵������ĳ��ϵͳ���õ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sys_call.s </span>第<span
+lang=EN-US>144</span>行 等语句。因此当 <span lang=EN-US>orig_eax</span>不等于<span
+lang=EN-US> -1 </span>时，说明是在某个系统调用的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������˱��������� <span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/exit.c </span>�� <span lang=EN-US>waitpid() </span>�����У�����յ���<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGCHLD </span>�źţ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后调用了本函数。在 <span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/exit.c </span>的 <span lang=EN-US>waitpid() </span>函数中，如果收到了<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGCHLD </span>信号，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڶ��ܵ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/pipe.c</span>�йܵ���ǰ�����ݵ�û�ж����κ����ݵ�����£������յ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>或者在读管道函数<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/pipe.c</span>中管道当前读数据但没有读到任何数据等情况下，进程收到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���κ�һ�����������źţ��򶼻��� <span
-lang=EN-US>-ERESTARTSYS </span>����ֵ���ء�����ʾ���̿��Ա��жϣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>了任何一个非阻塞的信号，则都会以 <span
+lang=EN-US>-ERESTARTSYS </span>返回值返回。它表示进程可以被中断，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڼ���ִ�к����������ϵͳ���á�������<span
-lang=EN-US>-ERESTARTNOINTR</span>˵���ڴ������źź�Ҫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>但是在继续执行后会重新启动系统调用。返回码<span
+lang=EN-US>-ERESTARTNOINTR</span>说明在处理完信号后要求</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ص�ԭϵͳ�����м������У���ϵͳ���ò��ᱻ�жϡ��μ�ǰ���<span
-lang=EN-US>62</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回到原系统调用中继续运行，即系统调用不会被中断。参见前面第<span
+lang=EN-US>62</span>行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������˵���������ϵͳ�����е��õı�������������Ӧϵͳ���õķ�����
-<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因此下面语句说明如果是在系统调用中调用的本函数，并且相应系统调用的返回码
+<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>等于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // -ERESTARTSYS</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US> -ERESTARTNOINTR</span>ʱ��������Ĵ�����ʵ���ϻ�û�������ص��û������У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // -ERESTARTSYS</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US> -ERESTARTNOINTR</span>时进行下面的处理（实际上还没有真正回到用户程序中）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>145</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((orig_eax != -1)
@@ -20344,18 +20344,18 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 ((eax == -<u><span style='color:blue'>ERESTARTSYS</span></u>) || (eax == -<u><span
 style='color:blue'>ERESTARTNOINTR</span></u>))) {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ϵͳ���÷�������<span
-lang=EN-US> -ERESTARTSYS</span>����������ϵͳ���ã������� <span lang=EN-US>sigaction </span>�к��б�־</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果系统调用返回码是<span
+lang=EN-US> -ERESTARTSYS</span>（重新启动系统调用），并且 <span lang=EN-US>sigaction </span>中含有标志</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // SA_INTERRUPT</span>��ϵͳ���ñ��ź��жϺ���������ϵͳ���ã������ź�ֵС��<span
-lang=EN-US> SIGCONT</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // SA_INTERRUPT</span>（系统调用被信号中断后不重新启动系统调用）或者信号值小于<span
+lang=EN-US> SIGCONT</span>或者</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ź�ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>�����źŲ���<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGCONT</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SIGTSTP</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGTTIN </span>��<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号值大于<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>（即信号不是<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGCONT</span>、<span lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span>、<span lang=EN-US>SIGTSTP</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGTTIN </span>或<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>），则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�޸�ϵͳ���õķ���ֵΪ<span
-lang=EN-US>eax = -EINTR</span>�������ź��жϵ�ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>修改系统调用的返回值为<span
+lang=EN-US>eax = -EINTR</span>，即被信号中断的系统调用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -20375,10 +20375,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;else
 {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͻָ����̼Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>�ڵ���ϵͳ����֮ǰ��ֵ�����Ұ�ԭ����ָ��ָ��ص�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽڡ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则就恢复进程寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>在调用系统调用之前的值，并且把原程序指令指针回调<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字节。即</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������û�����ʱ���ó�����������ִ�б��ź��жϵ�ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当返回用户程序时，让程序重新启动执行被信号中断的系统调用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>151</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -20395,8 +20395,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����źž��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>SIG_IGN</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ĭ�Ϻ��Ծ�����򲻶��źŽ��д�����ֱ�ӷ��ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果信号句柄为<span
+lang=EN-US>SIG_IGN</span>（<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，默认忽略句柄）则不对信号进行处理而直接返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sa_handler =
@@ -20409,8 +20409,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (sa_handler==1)</
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return(1);&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Ignore, see if there are more signals... */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>SIG_DFL</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��Ĭ�ϴ�����������ݾ�����źŽ��зֱ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果句柄为<span lang=EN-US>SIG_DFL</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，默认处理），则根据具体的信号进行分别处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!sa_handler) {</span></p>
@@ -20419,7 +20419,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!sa_handler) {</
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 switch (signr) {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ź�������������Ҳ����֮�������ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果信号是以下两个则也忽略之，并返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -20436,14 +20436,14 @@ return(1);&nbsp; <b><i>/* Ignore, ... */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ź�������<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>���ź�֮һ����ѵ�ǰ����״̬��Ϊֹͣ״̬<span lang=EN-US>TASK_STOPPED</span>������ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果信号是以下<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>种信号之一，则把当前进程状态置为停止状态<span lang=EN-US>TASK_STOPPED</span>。若当前进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����̶�<span lang=EN-US>SIGCHLD</span>�źŵ�
-<span lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>������־<span lang=EN-US> SA_NOCLDSTOP </span>�������ӽ���ִֹͣ�л��ּ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>父进程对<span lang=EN-US>SIGCHLD</span>信号的
+<span lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>处理标志<span lang=EN-US> SA_NOCLDSTOP </span>（即当子进程停止执行或又继</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ��ʱ��Ҫ����<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGCHLD</span>�źţ�û����λ����ô�͸������̷���<span lang=EN-US>SIGCHLD</span>�źš�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>续执行时不要产生<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGCHLD</span>信号）没有置位，那么就给父进程发送<span lang=EN-US>SIGCHLD</span>信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -20492,19 +20492,19 @@ return(1);&nbsp; <b><i>/* Reschedule another event */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>174</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ź�������<span
-lang=EN-US>6</span>���ź�֮һ����ô���źŲ�����<span lang=EN-US>core dump</span>�������˳���Ϊ<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果信号是以下<span
+lang=EN-US>6</span>种信号之一，那么若信号产生了<span lang=EN-US>core dump</span>，则以退出码为<span
 lang=EN-US>signr|0x80</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>do_exit()</span>�˳��������˳�������ź�ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>do_exit()</span>�Ĳ����Ƿ�����ͳ����ṩ���˳�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>调用<span lang=EN-US>do_exit()</span>退出。否则退出码就是信号值。<span
+lang=EN-US>do_exit()</span>的参数是返回码和程序提供的退出</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>״̬��Ϣ������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>wait()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>������״̬��Ϣ���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>sys/wait.h</span>�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>13-18</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>状态信息。可作为<span
+lang=EN-US>wait()</span>或<span lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>函数的状态信息。参见<span
+lang=EN-US>sys/wait.h</span>文件第<span lang=EN-US>13-18</span>行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // wait()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>������Щ��Ϳ���ȡ���ӽ��̵��˳�״̬����ӽ�����ֹ��ԭ���źţ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // wait()</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>利用这些宏就可以取得子进程的退出状态码或子进程终止的原因（信号）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -20571,30 +20571,30 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*/</i></
 /* </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* OK</span>����������׼�����źž�����õ�����</p>
+* OK</span>，现在我们准备对信号句柄调用的设置</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������źž��ֻ�豻����һ�Σ��򽫸þ���ÿա�ע�⣬���źž����ǰ���Ѿ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该信号句柄只需被调用一次，则将该句柄置空。注意，该信号句柄在前面已经保存在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sa_handler</span>ָ���С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sa_handler</span>指针中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ϵͳ���ý����ں�ʱ���û����򷵻ص�ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>eip</span>��<span lang=EN-US>cs</span>�����������ں�̬ջ�С�������δ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在系统调用进入内核时，用户程序返回地址（<span
+lang=EN-US>eip</span>、<span lang=EN-US>cs</span>）被保存在内核态栈中。下面这段代</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���޸��ں�̬��ջ���û�����ϵͳ����ʱ�Ĵ���ָ��
-<span lang=EN-US>eip </span>Ϊָ���źŴ��������ͬʱҲ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>码修改内核态堆栈上用户调用系统调用时的代码指针
+<span lang=EN-US>eip </span>为指向信号处理句柄，同时也将</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sa_restorer</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>signr</span>������������<span lang=EN-US>(</span>���<span lang=EN-US>SA_NOMASK</span>û��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>edx</span>��Ϊ�����Լ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sa_restorer</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>signr</span>、进程屏蔽码<span lang=EN-US>(</span>如果<span lang=EN-US>SA_NOMASK</span>没置位<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>、<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>、<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>edx</span>作为参数以及</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ԭ����ϵͳ���õĳ��򷵻�ָ�뼰��־�Ĵ���ֵѹ���û���ջ��
-����ڱ���ϵͳ�����ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>原调用系统调用的程序返回指针及标志寄存器值压入用户堆栈。
+因此在本次系统调用中断</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����û�����ʱ������ִ���û����źž������Ȼ���ټ���ִ���û�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回用户程序时会首先执行用户的信号句柄程序，然后再继续执行用户程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>191</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (sa-&gt;sa_flags
@@ -20604,34 +20604,34 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (sa-&gt;sa_flags
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 sa-&gt;sa_handler = <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ں�̬ջ���û�����ϵͳ������һ������ָ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>eip</span>ָ����źŴ������������<span lang=EN-US>C</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将内核态栈上用户调用系统调用下一条代码指令指针<span
+lang=EN-US>eip</span>指向该信号处理句柄。由于<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ǵ�ֵ��������˸�<span
-lang=EN-US>eip</span>��ֵʱ��Ҫʹ�� <span lang=EN-US>&quot;*(&amp;eip)&quot; </span>����ʽ�����⣬��������ź��Լ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是传值函数，因此给<span
+lang=EN-US>eip</span>赋值时需要使用 <span lang=EN-US>&quot;*(&amp;eip)&quot; </span>的形式。另外，如果允许信号自己的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������յ��ź��Լ�����Ҳ��Ҫ�����̵�������ѹ���ջ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处理句柄收到信号自己，则也需要将进程的阻塞码压入堆栈。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ע�⣬ʹ�����·�ʽ����<span
-lang=EN-US>193</span>�У�����ͨ<span lang=EN-US>C</span>�������������޸��ǲ������õġ���Ϊ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这里请注意，使用如下方式（第<span
+lang=EN-US>193</span>行）对普通<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数参数进行修改是不起作用的。因为当</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ʱ��ջ�ϵĲ������ᱻ�����߶���������֮���Կ���ʹ�����ַ�ʽ������Ϊ�ú���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数返回时堆栈上的参数将会被调用者丢弃。这里之所以可以使用这种方式，是因为该函数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ǵӻ������б����õģ������ں������غ������û�аѵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>do_signal()</span>ʱ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是从汇编程序中被调用的，并且在函数返回后汇编程序并没有把调用<span
+lang=EN-US>do_signal()</span>时的所有</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������<span
-lang=EN-US>eip</span>����Ȼ�ڶ�ջ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数都丢弃。<span
+lang=EN-US>eip</span>等仍然在堆栈中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sigaction</span>�ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>sa_mask</span>�ֶθ������ڵ�ǰ�źž�����ź�������������ִ���ڼ�Ӧ�ñ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sigaction</span>结构的<span
+lang=EN-US>sa_mask</span>字段给出了在当前信号句柄（信号描述符）程序执行期间应该被</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ε��źż���ͬʱ�������źž��ִ�е��ź�Ҳ�ᱻ���Ρ�
-������<span lang=EN-US>sa_flags</span>��ʹ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>屏蔽的信号集。同时，引起本信号句柄执行的信号也会被屏蔽。
+不过若<span lang=EN-US>sa_flags</span>中使用了</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // SA_NOMASK</span>��־����ô�����źž��ִ�е��źŽ����ᱻ���ε�����������ź��Լ��Ĵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // SA_NOMASK</span>标志，那么引起本信号句柄执行的信号将不会被屏蔽掉。如果允许信号自己的处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������յ��ź��Լ�����Ҳ��Ҫ�����̵��ź�������ѹ���ջ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>理句柄程序收到信号自己，则也需要将进程的信号阻塞码压入堆栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *(&amp;eip) =
@@ -20641,10 +20641,10 @@ sa_handler;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; longs =
 (sa-&gt;sa_flags &amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>SA_NOMASK</span></u>)?7:8;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ԭ���ó�����û���ջָ��������չ<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>����<span lang=EN-US>8</span>�������֣�������ŵ����źž���Ĳ����ȣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将原调用程序的用户堆栈指针向下扩展<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>（或<span lang=EN-US>8</span>）个长字（用来存放调用信号句柄的参数等），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ڴ�ʹ���������������ڴ泬���������ҳ�ȣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并检查内存使用情况（例如如果内存超界则分配新页等）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>195</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *(&amp;esp) -=
@@ -20654,12 +20654,12 @@ longs;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(esp,longs*4);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���û���ջ�д��µ��ϴ��<span
-lang=EN-US>sa_restorer</span>���ź�<span lang=EN-US>signr</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>blocked</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>SA_NOMASK</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在用户堆栈中从下到上存放<span
+lang=EN-US>sa_restorer</span>、信号<span lang=EN-US>signr</span>、屏蔽码<span
+lang=EN-US>blocked</span>（如果<span lang=EN-US>SA_NOMASK</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ����<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>��<span lang=EN-US>eflags</span>���û�����ԭ����ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>置位）、<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>ecx</span>、<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>、<span lang=EN-US>eflags</span>和用户程序原代码指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>197</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; tmp_esp=esp;</span></p>
@@ -20703,8 +20703,8 @@ style='color:blue'>put_fs_long</span></u>(old_eip,tmp_esp++);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>207</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;blocked |= sa-&gt;sa_mask; &nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>(</span>������<span lang=EN-US>)</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>sa_mask</span>�е���λ��</p>
+</span>进程阻塞码<span lang=EN-US>(</span>屏蔽码<span lang=EN-US>)</span>添上<span
+lang=EN-US>sa_mask</span>中的码位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>208</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -20733,7 +20733,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447980"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447384"></a><a name="_Toc53320609"><span lang=EN-US>8.7 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>8-7 linux/kernel/exit.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>8-7 linux/kernel/exit.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -20756,62 +20756,62 @@ linux/kernel/exit.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEBUG_PROC_TREE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������š����Խ���������</p>
+#define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEBUG_PROC_TREE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义符号“调试进程树”。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�<span
-lang=EN-US>(Linus</span>��<span lang=EN-US>minix</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>)</span></p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。<span
+lang=EN-US>(Linus</span>从<span lang=EN-US>minix</span>中引进的<span lang=EN-US>)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
-#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ź�ͷ�ļ��������źŷ��ų������źŽṹ�Լ��źŲ�������ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号头文件。定义信号符号常量，信号结构以及信号操作函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/wait.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>wait()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>����س������š�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/wait.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待调用头文件。定义系统调用<span
+lang=EN-US>wait()</span>和<span lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>及相关常数符号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/tty.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>ͷ�ļ����������й�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_io</span>������ͨ�ŷ���Ĳ�����������</p>
+#include &lt;linux/tty.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>头文件，定义了有关<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_io</span>，串行通信方面的参数、常数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_pause</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ѽ�����Ϊ˯��״̬��ֱ���յ��źţ�<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>164</span>�У���</p>
+// </span>把进程置为睡眠状态，直到收到信号（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>164</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> int
-<u><span style='color:blue'>sys_close</span></u>(int fd);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ر�ָ���ļ���ϵͳ���ã�<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/open.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>219</span>�У���</p>
+<u><span style='color:blue'>sys_close</span></u>(int fd);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>关闭指定文件的系统调用（<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/open.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>219</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ͷ�ָ������ռ�õ�����ۼ����������ݽṹռ�õ��ڴ�ҳ�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>释放指定进程占用的任务槽及其任务数据结构占用的内存页面。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>p </span>���������ݽṹָ�롣�ú����ں����
-<span lang=EN-US>sys_kill() </span>�� <span lang=EN-US>sys_waitpid() </span>�����б����á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>p </span>是任务数据结构指针。该函数在后面的
+<span lang=EN-US>sys_kill() </span>和 <span lang=EN-US>sys_waitpid() </span>函数中被调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɨ������ָ������� <span
-lang=EN-US>task[] </span>��Ѱ��ָ������������ҵ�����������ո�����ۣ�Ȼ���ͷ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扫描任务指针数组表 <span
+lang=EN-US>task[] </span>以寻找指定的任务。如果找到，则首先清空该任务槽，然后释放</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ݽṹ��ռ�õ��ڴ�ҳ�棬���ִ�е��Ⱥ������ڷ���ʱ�����˳����������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该任务数据结构所占用的内存页面，最后执行调度函数并在返回时立即退出。如果在任务数组</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����û���ҵ�ָ�������Ӧ������ں�<span
-lang=EN-US>panic</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>表中没有找到指定任务对应的项，则内核<span
+lang=EN-US>panic</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>release</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -20824,8 +20824,8 @@ int i;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������ṹָ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>���˳��������ָ��ָ��ǰ��������ʾ������Ϣ�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果给定的任务结构指针为<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>则退出。如果该指针指向当前进程则显示警告信息退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!p)</span></p>
@@ -20846,17 +20846,17 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɨ������ṹָ�����飬Ѱ��ָ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>������ҵ������ÿ�����ָ�������ж�Ӧ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扫描任务结构指针数组，寻找指定的任务<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>。如果找到，则置空任务指针数组中对应项，并且</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ṹ֮��Ĺ���ָ�룬�ͷ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>���ݽṹռ�õ��ڴ�ҳ�档�����ִ�е��ȳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>更新任务结构之间的关联指针，释放任务<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>数据结构占用的内存页面。最后在执行调度程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���غ��˳������û���ҵ�ָ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>����˵���ں˴�������ˣ�����ʾ������Ϣ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回后退出。如果没有找到指定的任务<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>，则说明内核代码出错了，则显示出错信息并死机。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ӳ��ֵĴ�����ָ������<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>��˫��������ɾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>更新链接部分的代码会把指定任务<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>从双向链表中删除。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for (i=1 ; i&lt;<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_TASKS</span></u> ; i++)</span></p>
@@ -20868,29 +20868,29 @@ if (<u><span style='color:blue'>task</span></u>[i]==p) {</span></p>
 <u><span style='color:blue'>task</span></u>[i]=<u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* Update links */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>��������<span
+<b><i>/* Update links */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>更新链接<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>p</span>����������ϣ����ӽ��̣����ñ����ϵı��ڽ���ָ������µı��ڽ��̡����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>p</span>不是最后（最老）的子进程，则让比其老的比邻进程指向比它新的比邻进程。如果<span
 lang=EN-US>p</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������µ��ӽ��̣����ñ����µı����ӽ���ָ����ڵ��Ͻ��̡�
-�������<span lang=EN-US>p </span>�������µ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>不是最新的子进程，则让比其新的比邻子进程指向比邻的老进程。
+如果任务<span lang=EN-US>p </span>就是最新的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ӽ��̣�����Ҫ�����丸���̵������ӽ���ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>cptr</span>Ϊָ��<span lang=EN-US>p</span>�ı����ӽ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>子进程，则还需要更新其父进程的最新子进程指针<span
+lang=EN-US>cptr</span>为指向<span lang=EN-US>p</span>的比邻子进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>osptr</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>old sibling pointer</span>��ָ���<span lang=EN-US>p</span>�ȴ������ֵܽ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针<span lang=EN-US>osptr</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>old sibling pointer</span>）指向比<span lang=EN-US>p</span>先创建的兄弟进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>ysptr</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>younger sibling pointer</span>��ָ���<span lang=EN-US>p</span>�󴴽����ֵܽ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针<span lang=EN-US>ysptr</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>younger sibling pointer</span>）指向比<span lang=EN-US>p</span>后创建的兄弟进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>pptr</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>parent pointer</span>��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>p</span>�ĸ����̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针<span lang=EN-US>pptr</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>parent pointer</span>）指向<span lang=EN-US>p</span>的父进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>cptr</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>child pointer</span>���Ǹ�����ָ�����£���󣩴������ӽ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针<span lang=EN-US>cptr</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>child pointer</span>）是父进程指向最新（最后）创建的子进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (p-&gt;p_osptr)</span></p>
@@ -20933,8 +20933,8 @@ non-existent task&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
 #ifdef <u><span style='color:blue'>DEBUG_PROC_TREE</span></u></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������˷���<span
-lang=EN-US>DEBUG_PROC_TREE</span>�������ʱ�������´��롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果定义了符号<span
+lang=EN-US>DEBUG_PROC_TREE</span>，则编译时包括以下代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u> <b><i>/*</i></b></span></p>
 
@@ -20948,17 +20948,17 @@ Return 0 if found, and 1 if not found.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���<span
-lang=EN-US>task[]</span>�������Ƿ����һ��ָ����<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>�ṹָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>检查<span
+lang=EN-US>task[]</span>数组中是否存在一个指定的<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>结构指针<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��������򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>如果存在则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ṹָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>检测任务结构指针<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>bad_task_ptr</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -21020,24 +21020,24 @@ p_pptr;</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ĺ�������ɨ�����������ȷ�����Ĺ���������Ȼ��ȷ�������ڵ�ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面的函数用于扫描进程树，以确定更改过的链接仍然正确。仅用于调式，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Ϊ�ú����Ƚ���<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>因为该函数比较慢<span
 lang=EN-US>....</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ú�������ȥҪ��ʵ�ʵĿֲ�<span
-lang=EN-US>.... </span>��ʵ���ǽ�����֤��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>p_ysptr</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该函数看上去要比实际的恐怖<span
+lang=EN-US>.... </span>其实我们仅仅验证了指针<span lang=EN-US>p_ysptr</span>和</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * p_osptr</span>���ɵ�˫���������������������ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>p_cptr</span>��<span lang=EN-US>p_pptr</span>���ɵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * p_osptr</span>构成的双向链表，并检查了链表与指针<span
+lang=EN-US>p_cptr</span>和<span lang=EN-US>p_pptr</span>构成的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������֮��Ĺ�ϵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>进程树之间的关系。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>检查进程树。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>audit_ptree</span></u>()</span></p>
@@ -21049,11 +21049,11 @@ int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɨ��ϵͳ�еĳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������������񣬼��������<span lang=EN-US>4</span>��ָ�루<span lang=EN-US>pptr</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>cptr</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ysptr</span>��<span lang=EN-US>osptr</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扫描系统中的除任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>以外的所有任务，检查它们中<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个指针（<span lang=EN-US>pptr</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>cptr</span>、<span lang=EN-US>ysptr</span>和<span lang=EN-US>osptr</span>）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȷ�ԡ�����������ۣ��Ϊ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的正确性。若任务数组槽（项）为空则跳过。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for (i=1 ; i&lt;<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_TASKS</span></u> ; i++) {</span></p>
@@ -21064,12 +21064,12 @@ if (!<u><span style='color:blue'>task</span></u>[i])</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 continue;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ĸ�����ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>p_pptr</span>û��ָ���κν��̣��������������в����ڣ�������ʾ������Ϣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果任务的父进程指针<span
+lang=EN-US>p_pptr</span>没有指向任何进程（即在任务数组中不存在），则显示警告信息</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����棬<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>N</span>�ĸ��������������⡱����������<span lang=EN-US>cptr</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>ysptr</span>��<span lang=EN-US>osptr</span>�������Ʋ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>“警告，<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>号<span
+lang=EN-US>N</span>的父进程链接有问题”。以下语句对<span lang=EN-US>cptr</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>ysptr</span>和<span lang=EN-US>osptr</span>进行类似操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>bad_task_ptr</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -21115,12 +21115,12 @@ link is bad\n&quot;</i>,</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>task</span></u>[i]-&gt;pid);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ĸ�����ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>p_pptr</span>ָ�����Լ�������ʾ������Ϣ�����棬<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>N</span>�ĸ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果任务的父进程指针<span
+lang=EN-US>p_pptr</span>指向了自己，则显示警告信息“警告，<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>号<span
+lang=EN-US>N</span>的父进程链接</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��ָ�����Լ�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>cptr</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ysptr</span>��<span lang=EN-US>osptr</span>�������Ʋ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针指向了自己”。以下语句对<span
+lang=EN-US>cptr</span>、<span lang=EN-US>ysptr</span>和<span lang=EN-US>osptr</span>进行类似操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>task</span></u>[i]-&gt;p_pptr == <u><span
@@ -21155,9 +21155,9 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>printk</span></u>(<i>&quot;Warning, pid %d os link
 points to self\n&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������б��Լ��ȴ����ı����ֵܽ��̣���ô�ͼ�������Ƿ��й�ͬ�ĸ����̣���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果任务有比自己先创建的比邻兄弟进程，那么就检查它们是否有共同的父进程，并检查这个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ֽ��̵�<span lang=EN-US>ysptr</span>ָ���Ƿ���ȷ��ָ�򱾽��̡�������ʾ������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>老兄进程的<span lang=EN-US>ysptr</span>指针是否正确地指向本进程。否则显示警告信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -21207,9 +21207,9 @@ style='color:blue'>task</span></u>[i]-&gt;p_osptr-&gt;pid);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>��������б��Լ��󴴽��ı����ֵܽ��̣���ô�ͼ�������Ƿ��й�ͬ�ĸ����̣���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>如果任务有比自己后创建的比邻兄弟进程，那么就检查它们是否有共同的父进程，并检查这个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>С�ܽ��̵�<span lang=EN-US>osptr</span>ָ���Ƿ���ȷ��ָ�򱾽��̡�������ʾ������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>小弟进程的<span lang=EN-US>osptr</span>指针是否正确地指向本进程。否则显示警告信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>112</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -21259,11 +21259,11 @@ style='color:blue'>task</span></u>[i]-&gt;p_ysptr-&gt;pid);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�������������ӽ���ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>cptr</span>���գ���ô�����ӽ��̵ĸ������Ƿ��Ǳ����̣�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>如果任务的最新子进程指针<span
+lang=EN-US>cptr</span>不空，那么检查该子进程的父进程是否是本进程，并检查该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ӽ��̵�С�ܽ���ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>yspter</span>�Ƿ�Ϊ�ա�����������ʾ������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>子进程的小弟进程指针<span
+lang=EN-US>yspter</span>是否为空。若不是则显示警告信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>123</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -21320,16 +21320,16 @@ lang=EN-US> #endif <b><i>/* DEBUG_PROC_TREE */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>136</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ָ������<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>�����ź�<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>��Ȩ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>priv</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>向指定任务<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>发送信号<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>，权限为<span lang=EN-US>priv</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>sig
-- </span>�ź�ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>p - </span>ָ�������ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>priv - </span>ǿ�Ʒ����źŵı�־��������Ҫ���ǽ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>sig
+- </span>信号值；<span lang=EN-US>p - </span>指定任务的指针；<span lang=EN-US>priv - </span>强制发送信号的标志。即不需要考虑进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�û����Ի򼶱���ܷ����źŵ�Ȩ�����ú��������жϲ�������ȷ�ԣ�Ȼ���ж������Ƿ����㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用户属性或级别而能发送信号的权利。该函数首先判断参数的正确性，然后判断条件是否满足。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ָ�����̷����ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>sig</span>���˳������򷵻�δ���ɴ���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果满足就向指定进程发送信号<span
+lang=EN-US>sig</span>并退出，否则返回未许可错误号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static inline int <u><span style='color:blue'>send_sig</span></u>(long
@@ -21338,11 +21338,11 @@ sig,struct <u><span style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> * p,int priv)</spa
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���û��Ȩ�ޣ����ҵ�ǰ���̵���Ч�û�<span
-lang=EN-US>ID</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>p</span>�Ĳ�ͬ������Ҳ���ǳ����û�����˵��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果没有权限，并且当前进程的有效用户<span
+lang=EN-US>ID</span>与进程<span lang=EN-US>p</span>的不同，并且也不是超级用户，则说明</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>û����<span lang=EN-US>p</span>�����źŵ�Ȩ����<span
-lang=EN-US>suser()</span>����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>(current-&gt;euid==0)</span>�������ж��Ƿ��ǳ����û���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>没有向<span lang=EN-US>p</span>发送信号的权利。<span
+lang=EN-US>suser()</span>定义为<span lang=EN-US>(current-&gt;euid==0)</span>，用于判断是否是超级用户。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!p)</span></p>
@@ -21360,15 +21360,15 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!priv
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ҫ���͵��ź���<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGKILL</span>��<span lang=EN-US> SIGCONT</span>����ô�����ʱ�����źŵĽ��� <span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>������ֹͣ״̬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若需要发送的信号是<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGKILL</span>或<span lang=EN-US> SIGCONT</span>，那么如果此时接收信号的进程 <span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>正处于停止状态</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ϊ���������У�״̬��Ȼ���޸Ľ���<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>���ź�λͼ<span lang=EN-US>signal</span>��ȥ������λ���ᵼ�½���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>就置其为就绪（运行）状态。然后修改进程<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>的信号位图<span lang=EN-US>signal</span>，去掉（复位）会导致进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֹͣ���ź�<span lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGTSTP</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTIN</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>停止的信号<span lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGTSTP</span>、<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTIN</span>和<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((sig == <u><span
@@ -21407,7 +21407,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* If the
 signal will be ignored, don't even post it */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>���Ҫ���͵��ź�<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>p</span>���Ե�����ô�͸������÷���<span
+/* </span>如果要发送的信号<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>将被进程<span lang=EN-US>p</span>忽略掉，那么就根本不用发送<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>151</span></u><span
@@ -21423,18 +21423,18 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Depends on
 order SIGSTOP, SIGTSTP, SIGTTIN, SIGTTOU */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>�����ж�������<span lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SIGTSTP</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGTTIN</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>�Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US>
+/* </span>以下判断依赖于<span lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span>、<span lang=EN-US>SIGTSTP</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGTTIN</span>和<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>的次序<span lang=EN-US>
 */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ź���<span lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGTSTP</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTIN</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>֮һ����ô˵��Ҫ�ý����źŵĽ���<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果信号是<span lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGTSTP</span>、<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTIN</span>和<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>之一，那么说明要让接收信号的进程<span
 lang=EN-US>p</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֹͣ���С���ˣ���<span
-lang=EN-US>p </span>���ź�λͼ����<span lang=EN-US> SIGCONT </span>��λ������Ҫ��λλͼ�м������е��ź�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>停止运行。因此（若<span
+lang=EN-US>p </span>的信号位图中有<span lang=EN-US> SIGCONT </span>置位）就需要复位位图中继续运行的信号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // SIGCONT</span>����λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // SIGCONT</span>比特位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((sig &gt;= <u><span
@@ -21450,7 +21450,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/* Actually
 deliver the signal */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>������������<span lang=EN-US>p</span>�����ź�<span lang=EN-US>p */</span></p>
+/* </span>最后，我们向进程<span lang=EN-US>p</span>发送信号<span lang=EN-US>p */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; p-&gt;signal |=
@@ -21465,14 +21465,14 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݽ������<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>ȡ�ý����������ĻỰ�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据进程组号<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>取得进程组所属的会话号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɨ���������飬Ѱ�ҽ������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>�Ľ��̣���������Ự�š����û���ҵ�ָ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扫描任务数组，寻找进程组号为<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>的进程，并返回其会话号。如果没有找到指定进程组号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>���κν��̣��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>-1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为<span lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>的任何进程，则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>-1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>session_of_pgrp</span></u>(int
@@ -21510,19 +21510,19 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֹ�����飨������鷢���źţ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>终止进程组（向进程组发送信号）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>pgrp
-- </span>ָ���Ľ�����ţ�<span lang=EN-US>sig - </span>ָ�����źţ�<span lang=EN-US>priv - </span>Ȩ�ޡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>pgrp
+- </span>指定的进程组号；<span lang=EN-US>sig - </span>指定的信号；<span lang=EN-US>priv - </span>权限。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>�е�ÿ�����̷���ָ���ź�<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>��ֻҪ��һ�����̷��ͳɹ����ͻ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即向指定进程组<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>中的每个进程发送指定信号<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>。只要向一个进程发送成功最后就会</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���������û���ҵ�ָ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>���κ�һ�����̣��򷵻س�����<span lang=EN-US>-ESRCH</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则如果没有找到指定进程组号<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>的任何一个进程，则返回出错号<span lang=EN-US>-ESRCH</span>，若</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ҵ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>�Ľ��̣����Ƿ����ź�ʧ�ܣ��򷵻ط���ʧ�ܵĴ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>找到进程组号是<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>的进程，但是发送信号失败，则返回发送失败的错误码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>kill_pg</span></u>(int pgrp, int
@@ -21538,7 +21538,7 @@ style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> **p;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>174</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int err,retval = -<u><span
 style='color:blue'>ESRCH</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// -ESRCH</span>��ʾָ���Ľ��̲����ڡ�</p>
+// -ESRCH</span>表示指定的进程不存在。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int found = 0;</span></p>
@@ -21546,10 +21546,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int found = 0;</span
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϸ������źźͽ�������Ƿ���Ч��Ȼ��ɨ��ϵͳ������������ɨ�赽�������Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断给定的信号和进程组号是否有效。然后扫描系统中所有任务。若扫描到进程组号为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pgrp</span>�Ľ��̣������䷢���ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>sig</span>��ֻҪ��һ���źŷ��ͳɹ����������ͻ᷵��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pgrp</span>的进程，就向其发送信号<span
+lang=EN-US>sig</span>。只要有一次信号发送成功，函数最后就会返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>177</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (sig&lt;1 ||
@@ -21599,19 +21599,19 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֹ���̣�����̷����źţ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>终止进程（向进程发送信号）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>pid
-- </span>���̺ţ�<span lang=EN-US>sig - </span>ָ���źţ�<span lang=EN-US>priv - </span>Ȩ�ޡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>pid
+- </span>进程号；<span lang=EN-US>sig - </span>指定信号；<span lang=EN-US>priv - </span>权限。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������̺�Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>�Ľ��̷���ָ���ź�<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>�����ҵ�ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>�Ľ��̣���ô���źŷ��ͳɹ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即向进程号为<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>的进程发送指定信号<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>。若找到指定<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>的进程，那么若信号发送成功，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻��źŷ��ͳ����š����û���ҵ�ָ�����̺�<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>�Ľ��̣��򷵻س�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回信号发送出错号。如果没有找到指定进程号<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>的进程，则返回出错号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // -ESRCH</span>��ָ�����̲����ڣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // -ESRCH</span>（指定进程不存在）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>kill_proc</span></u>(int pid, int
@@ -21674,41 +21674,41 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * POSIX</span>��׼ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>kill(-1,sig)</span>δ���塣��������֪���Ŀ��ܴ��ˡ�Ӧ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * POSIX</span>标准指明<span
+lang=EN-US>kill(-1,sig)</span>未定义。但是我所知道的可能错了。应该让它</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>BSD</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SYSV</span>ϵͳһ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>象<span
+lang=EN-US>BSD</span>或<span lang=EN-US>SYSV</span>系统一样。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ϵͳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>kill()</span>���������κν��̻�����鷢���κ��źţ�������ֻ��ɱ������<span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>系统调用<span
+lang=EN-US>kill()</span>可用于向任何进程或进程组发送任何信号，而并非只是杀死进程<span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>�ǽ��̺ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>sig</span>����Ҫ���͵��źš�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>是进程号；<span
+lang=EN-US>sig</span>是需要发送的信号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>&gt;0</span>�����źű����͸����̺���<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>�Ľ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>值<span
+lang=EN-US>&gt;0</span>，则信号被发送给进程号是<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>的进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>pid=0</span>����ô�źžͻᱻ���͸���ǰ���̵Ľ����������еĽ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>pid=0</span>，那么信号就会被发送给当前进程的进程组中所有的进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>pid=-1</span>�����ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>sig</span>�ͻᷢ�͸�����һ�����̣���ʼ���̣�������н��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>pid=-1</span>，则信号<span
+lang=EN-US>sig</span>就会发送给除第一个进程（初始进程）外的所有进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>pid
-&lt; -1</span>�����ź�<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>�����͸�������<span lang=EN-US>-pid</span>�����н��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>pid
+&lt; -1</span>，则信号<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>将发送给进程组<span lang=EN-US>-pid</span>的所有进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ź�<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���򲻷����źţ����Ի���д����顣����ɹ��򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果信号<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则不发送信号，但仍会进行错误检查。如果成功则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú���ɨ�������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>�����������Ľ��̷���ָ���ź�<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数扫描任务数组表，并根据<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>对满足条件的进程发送指定信号<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>。若<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ǰ�����ǽ������鳤�������Ҫ���������ڵĽ���ǿ�Ʒ����ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>sig</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>表明当前进程是进程组组长，因此需要向所有组内的进程强制发送信号<span
+lang=EN-US>sig</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_kill</span></u>(int pid,int
@@ -21720,7 +21720,7 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>207</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> **p = <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_TASKS</span></u>
-+ <u><span style='color:blue'>task</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // p</span>ָ�������������һ�</p>
++ <u><span style='color:blue'>task</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // p</span>指向任务数组最后一项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>208</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int err, retval =
@@ -21810,67 +21810,67 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>��׼<span lang=EN-US>2.2.2.52</span>���еĶ��壬ȷ��һ���������Ƿ��ǡ��¶������¶�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>根据<span
+lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>标准<span lang=EN-US>2.2.2.52</span>节中的定义，确定一个进程组是否是“孤儿”。孤儿进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�鲻���ܵ��ն˲�����ֹͣ�źŵ�Ӱ�졣�½������Ĺ¶������齫���յ�һ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>组不会受到终端产生的停止信号的影响。新近产生的孤儿进程组将会收到一个<span
 lang=EN-US>SIGHUP</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�źź�һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGCONT</span>�źš�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>信号和一个<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGCONT</span>信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������㣬���Ƿ�����֪����Ϊһ���¶���ζ��ʲô����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>“我问你，你是否真正知道作为一个孤儿意味着什么？”</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ᵽ��<span lang=EN-US>POSIX
-P1003.1 2.2.2.52</span>���ǹ��ڹ¶������������������������µ�һ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以上提到的<span lang=EN-US>POSIX
+P1003.1 2.2.2.52</span>节是关于孤儿进程组的描述。在两种情况下当一个进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֹʱ���ܵ��½������ɡ��¶�����<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>һ�������鵽������ĸ�����֮�����ϵ�����ڸø�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>终止时可能导致进程组变成“孤儿”。<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>一个进程组到其组外的父进程之间的联系依赖于该父</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̺����ӽ������ߡ���ˣ����������һ�����Ӹ����̵Ľ��̻����һ�������̵�ֱ�Ӻ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程和其子进程两者。因此，若组外最后一个连接父进程的进程或最后一个父进程的直接后裔</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֹ�Ļ�����ô���������ͻ��Ϊһ���¶������顣���κ�һ������£�������̵���ֹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>终止的话，那么这个进程组就会成为一个孤儿进程组。在任何一种情况下，如果进程的终止导</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�½������ɹ¶������飬��ô�������е����н��̾ͻ������ǵ���ҵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>shell</span>�Ͽ���ϵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>致进程组变成孤儿进程组，那么进程组中的所有进程就会与它们的作业控制<span
+lang=EN-US>shell</span>断开联系。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҵ����<span lang=EN-US>shell</span>�����پ��иý�������ڵ��κ���Ϣ�����ý������д���ֹͣ״̬�Ľ��̽���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>作业控制<span lang=EN-US>shell</span>将不再具有该进程组存在的任何信息。而该进程组中处于停止状态的进程将会</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Զ��ʧ��Ϊ�˽��������⣬����ֹͣ״̬���̵��½������Ĺ¶����������Ҫ���յ�һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>永远消失。为了解决这个问题，含有停止状态进程的新近产生的孤儿进程组就需要接收到一个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // SIGHUP</span>�źź�һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGCONT</span>�źţ�����ָʾ�����Ѿ������ǵĻỰ�� <span lang=EN-US>session</span>���жϿ���ϵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // SIGHUP</span>信号和一个<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGCONT</span>信号，用于指示它们已经从它们的会话（ <span lang=EN-US>session</span>）中断开联系。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // SIGHUP</span>�źŽ����½������г�Ա����ֹ���������ǲ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGHUP</span>�źš���<span lang=EN-US> SIGCONT</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // SIGHUP</span>信号将导致进程组中成员被终止，除非它们捕获或忽略了<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGHUP</span>信号。而<span lang=EN-US> SIGCONT</span>信</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ž�ʹ��Щû�б�<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGHUP</span>�ź���ֹ�Ľ��̼������С� ���ڴ��������£����������һ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号将使那些没有被<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGHUP</span>信号终止的进程继续运行。 但在大多数情况下，如果组中有一个进</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�̴���ֹͣ״̬����ô�������еĽ��̿��ܶ�����ֹͣ״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程处于停止状态，那么组中所有的进程可能都处于停止状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж�һ���������Ƿ��ǹ¶����̡���������򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��������򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断一个进程组是否是孤儿进程。如果不是则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>；如果是则返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɨ���������顣���������գ����߽��̵������ָ���Ĳ�ͬ�����߽����Ѿ����ڽ���״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扫描任务数组。如果任务项空，或者进程的组号与指定的不同，或者进程已经处于僵死状态，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���߽��̵ĸ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>init</span>���̣���˵��ɨ��Ľ��̲���ָ��������ĳ�Ա�����߲�����Ҫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>或者进程的父进程是<span
+lang=EN-US>init</span>进程，则说明扫描的进程不是指定进程组的成员，或者不满足要求，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������� ����˵���ý�����ָ����ĳ�Ա�����丸���̲���
-<span lang=EN-US>init</span>���̡���ʱ����ý���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于是跳过。 否则说明该进程是指定组的成员并且其父进程不是
+<span lang=EN-US>init</span>进程。此时如果该进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����̵���Ų�����ָ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>���������̵ĻỰ�ŵ��ڽ��̵ĻỰ�ţ���˵������ͬ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>父进程的组号不等于指定的组号<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>，但父进程的会话号等于进程的会话号，则说明它们同</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һ���Ự�����ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>������϶����ǹ¶������顣����<span lang=EN-US>...</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>属于一个会话。因此指定的<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>进程组肯定不是孤儿进程组。否则<span lang=EN-US>...</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>232</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>is_orphaned_pgrp</span></u>(int
@@ -21930,7 +21930,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>246</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return(1);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* (sighing) &quot;Often!&quot;
-*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�������ǹ¶������飡<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>（唉）是孤儿进程组！<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>247</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -21938,11 +21938,11 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>248</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�жϽ��������Ƿ��д���ֹͣ״̬����ҵ�������飩�����򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断进程组中是否含有处于停止状态的作业（进程组）。有则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>；无则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ҷ�����ɨ�������������顣�������ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>���κν����Ƿ���ֹͣ״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>查找方法是扫描整个任务数组。检查属于指定组<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>的任何进程是否处于停止状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>249</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>has_stopped_jobs</span></u>(int
@@ -21992,13 +21992,13 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>261</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����˳�����������������<span
-lang=EN-US>365</span>�д���ϵͳ���ô�������<span lang=EN-US>sys_exit()</span>���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程序退出处理函数。在下面<span
+lang=EN-US>365</span>行处被系统调用处理函数<span lang=EN-US>sys_exit()</span>调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú��������ݵ�ǰ�������������Զ�����д��������ѵ�ǰ����״̬���óɽ���״̬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数将根据当前进程自身的特性对其进行处理，并把当前进程状态设置成僵死状态</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // TASK_ZOMBIE</span>�������õ��Ⱥ���<span
-lang=EN-US>schedule()</span>ȥִ���������̣����ٷ��ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // TASK_ZOMBIE</span>，最后调用调度函数<span
+lang=EN-US>schedule()</span>去执行其它进程，不再返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>262</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> volatile void <u><span style='color:blue'>do_exit</span></u>(long
@@ -22017,28 +22017,28 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>266</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ͷŵ�ǰ���̴���κ����ݶ���ռ���ڴ�ҳ��
-����<span lang=EN-US>free_page_tables() </span>�ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先释放当前进程代码段和数据段所占的内存页。
+函数<span lang=EN-US>free_page_tables() </span>的第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>get_base()</span>����ֵ��ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>���Ե�ַ�ռ�����ʼ����ַ����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����<span lang=EN-US>get_limit()</span>����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（<span lang=EN-US>get_base()</span>返回值）指明在<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>线性地址空间中起始基地址，第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个（<span lang=EN-US>get_limit()</span>返回值）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>˵�����ͷŵ��ֽڳ���ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>get_base()</span>���е�<span lang=EN-US>current-&gt;ldt[1]</span>�������̴������������λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>说明欲释放的字节长度值。<span
+lang=EN-US>get_base()</span>宏中的<span lang=EN-US>current-&gt;ldt[1]</span>给出进程代码段描述符的位置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>current-&gt;ldt[2]</span>�������̴������������λ�ã���<span
-lang=EN-US>get_limit()</span>�е�<span lang=EN-US>0x0f</span>�ǽ��̴���ε�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（<span lang=EN-US>current-&gt;ldt[2]</span>给出进程代码段描述符的位置）；<span
+lang=EN-US>get_limit()</span>中的<span lang=EN-US>0x0f</span>是进程代码段的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ѡ�����<span lang=EN-US>0x17</span>�ǽ������ݶε�ѡ�����������ȡ�λ���ַʱʹ�øöε�������������ַ��Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>选择符（<span lang=EN-US>0x17</span>是进程数据段的选择符）。即在取段基地址时使用该段的描述符所处地址作为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ȡ�γ���ʱʹ�øöε�ѡ�����Ϊ������ <span
-lang=EN-US>free_page_tables()</span>����λ��<span lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数，取段长度时使用该段的选择符作为参数。 <span
+lang=EN-US>free_page_tables()</span>函数位于<span lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ��ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>69</span>�п�ʼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>get_base()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>get_limit()</span>��λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>include/linux/sched.h</span>ͷ�ļ��ĵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件的第<span lang=EN-US>69</span>行开始处；<span
+lang=EN-US>get_base()</span>和<span lang=EN-US>get_limit()</span>宏位于<span
+lang=EN-US>include/linux/sched.h</span>头文件的第</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 264</span>�п�ʼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 264</span>行开始处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>267</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -22050,14 +22050,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>free_page_tables</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>get_base</span></u>(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;ldt[2]),<u><span style='color:blue'>get_limit</span></u>(0x17));</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��رյ�ǰ���̴��ŵ������ļ����ٶԵ�ǰ���̵Ĺ���Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>pwd</span>����Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>root</span>��ִ�г���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后关闭当前进程打开着的所有文件。再对当前进程的工作目录<span
+lang=EN-US>pwd</span>、根目录<span lang=EN-US>root</span>、执行程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ��� <span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Լ����ļ�����ͬ���������Żظ���
-<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㲢�ֱ��ÿգ��ͷţ��� ���Űѵ�ǰ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件的 <span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点以及库文件进行同步操作，放回各个
+<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点并分别置空（释放）。 接着把当前</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̵�״̬����Ϊ����״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>TASK_ZOMBIE</span>���������ý����˳��롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程的状态设置为僵死状态（<span
+lang=EN-US>TASK_ZOMBIE</span>），并设置进程退出码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>269</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0 ; i&lt;<u><span
@@ -22149,38 +22149,38 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*/</i></
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>��鵱ǰ���̵��˳��Ƿ������κν������ɹ¶������顣���</p>
+* </span>检查当前进程的退出是否会造成任何进程组变成孤儿进程组。如果</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>�У������д���ֹͣ״̬��<span lang=EN-US>TASK_STOPPED</span>������Ա���������Ƿ���</p>
+* </span>有，并且有处于停止状态（<span lang=EN-US>TASK_STOPPED</span>）的组员，则向它们发送</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>һ��<span lang=EN-US>SIGHUP</span>�źź�һ��<span lang=EN-US>SIGCONT</span>�źš���<span
-lang=EN-US>POSIX 3.2.2.2</span>��Ҫ��</p>
+* </span>一个<span lang=EN-US>SIGHUP</span>信号和一个<span lang=EN-US>SIGCONT</span>信号。（<span
+lang=EN-US>POSIX 3.2.2.2</span>节要求）</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 * </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ǵĸ�����������һ�������ǲ�ͬ�Ľ������У���������</p>
+* </span>情况<span lang=EN-US>1</span>：我们的父进程在另外一个与我们不同的进程组中，而本进程</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>������������Ψһ��ϵ���������ǵĽ����齫���һ���¶������顣</p>
+* </span>是我们与外界的唯一联系。所以我们的进程组将变成一个孤儿进程组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // POSIX 3.2.2.2</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1991</span>�棩�ǹ���<span lang=EN-US>exit()</span>������˵����������������ڵĽ������뵱ǰ���̵�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // POSIX 3.2.2.2</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>1991</span>版）是关于<span lang=EN-US>exit()</span>函数的说明。如果父进程所在的进程组与当前进程的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ͬ����������ͬһ���Ự��<span
-lang=EN-US>session</span>���У����ҵ�ǰ�������ڽ����齫Ҫ��ɹ¶������˲���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>不同，但都处于同一个会话（<span
+lang=EN-US>session</span>）中，并且当前进程所在进程组将要变成孤儿进程了并且</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ���̵Ľ������к��д���ֹͣ״̬����ҵ�����̣�����ô��Ҫ�������ǰ���̵Ľ����鷢</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前进程的进程组中含有处于停止状态的作业（进程），那么就要向这个当前进程的进程组发</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������źţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGHUP</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SIGCONT</span>�������������źŵ�ԭ���<span
-lang=EN-US>232</span>��ǰ��˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>送两个信号：<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGHUP</span>和<span lang=EN-US>SIGCONT</span>。发送这两个信号的原因见<span
+lang=EN-US>232</span>行前的说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>291</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((<u><span
@@ -22217,7 +22217,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>298</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Let father
-know we died */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>֪ͨ�����̵�ǰ���̽���ֹ<span
+know we died */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>通知父进程当前进程将终止<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>299</span></u><span
@@ -22261,36 +22261,36 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*/</i></
 /* </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>�����ѭ�������������飺</p>
+* </span>下面的循环做了两件事情：</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 * </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* A.&nbsp; </span>��<span lang=EN-US>init</span>���̼̳е�ǰ���������ӽ��̡�</p>
+* A.&nbsp; </span>让<span lang=EN-US>init</span>进程继承当前进程所有子进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* B.&nbsp; </span>��鵱ǰ���̵��˳��Ƿ������κν������ɹ¶������顣���</p>
+* B.&nbsp; </span>检查当前进程的退出是否会造成任何进程组变成孤儿进程组。如果</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�У������д���ֹͣ״̬��<span lang=EN-US>TASK_STOPPED</span>������Ա���������Ƿ���</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>有，并且有处于停止状态（<span lang=EN-US>TASK_STOPPED</span>）的组员，则向它们发送</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>һ��<span lang=EN-US>SIGHUP</span>�źź�һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGCONT</span>�źš���<span lang=EN-US>POSIX 3.2.2.2</span>��Ҫ��</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>一个<span lang=EN-US>SIGHUP</span>信号和一个<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGCONT</span>信号。（<span lang=EN-US>POSIX 3.2.2.2</span>节要求）</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ�������ӽ��̣���<span
-lang=EN-US>p_cptr</span>ָ��ָ������������ӽ��̣������ý���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>init</span>���̣�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前进程有子进程（其<span
+lang=EN-US>p_cptr</span>指针指向最近创建的子进程），则让进程<span lang=EN-US>1</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>init</span>进程）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ�������ӽ��̵ĸ����̡�����ӽ����Ѿ����ڽ���״̬������<span
-lang=EN-US>init</span>���̣������̣�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>成为其所有子进程的父进程。如果子进程已经处于僵死状态，则向<span
+lang=EN-US>init</span>进程（父进程）发送</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ӽ�������ֹ�ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGCHLD</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>子进程已终止信号<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGCHLD</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>309</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (p = <u><span
@@ -22339,30 +22339,30 @@ outside, so the child pgrp is now orphaned.</i></b></span></p>
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/*
-</span>�¶��������⡣</p>
+</span>孤儿进程组检测。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�����ǵ��ӽ����ڲ�ͬ�Ľ������У���������</p>
+* </span>情况<span lang=EN-US>2</span>：我们的子进程在不同的进程组中，而本进程</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>������Ψһ���������ӡ���������ӽ������ڽ���</p>
+* </span>是它们唯一与外界的连接。因此现在子进程所在进程</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>�齫��ɹ¶��������ˡ�</p>
+* </span>组将变成孤儿进程组了。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ӽ����뵱ǰ���̲���ͬһ���������е�����ͬһ��<span
-lang=EN-US>session</span>�У����ҵ�ǰ�������ڽ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果子进程与当前进程不在同一个进程组中但属于同一个<span
+lang=EN-US>session</span>中，并且当前进程所在进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�齫Ҫ��ɹ¶������ˣ����ҵ�ǰ���̵Ľ������к��д���ֹͣ״̬����ҵ�����̣�����ô��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>组将要变成孤儿进程了，并且当前进程的进程组中含有处于停止状态的作业（进程），那么就</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ҫ�������ǰ���̵Ľ����鷢�������źţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGHUP</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SIGCONT</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;
-</span>������ӽ������ֵܽ��̣�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>要向这个当前进程的进程组发送两个信号：<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGHUP</span>和<span lang=EN-US>SIGCONT</span>。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;
+</span>如果该子进程有兄弟进程，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ѭ��������Щ�ֵܽ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则继续循环处理这些兄弟进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>320</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -22431,28 +22431,28 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 /* </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>���������������ӽ������ӳ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>init</span>���ӽ��̲��˳�ѭ����</p>
+* </span>就这样：将所有子进程链接成为<span lang=EN-US>init</span>的子进程并退出循环。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*/</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͨ�����洦������ǰ�����ӽ��̵������ֵ��ӽ��̶��Ѿ�����������ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>ָ�����ϵ��ֵ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>通过上面处理，当前进程子进程的所有兄弟子进程都已经处理过。此时<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>指向最老的兄弟子</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̡����ǰ���Щ�ֵ��ӽ���ȫ������<span
-lang=EN-US>init</span>���̵��ӽ���˫������ͷ���С������<span lang=EN-US>init</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程。于是把这些兄弟子进程全部加入<span
+lang=EN-US>init</span>进程的子进程双向链表头部中。加入后，<span lang=EN-US>init</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̵�<span lang=EN-US>p_cptr
-</span>ָ��ǰ����ԭ�ӽ�����������ģ�<span lang=EN-US>the youngest</span>���ӽ��̣���ԭ�ӽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程的<span lang=EN-US>p_cptr
+</span>指向当前进程原子进程中最年轻的（<span lang=EN-US>the youngest</span>）子进程，而原子进程中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ϵģ�<span lang=EN-US>the
-oldest</span>���ֵ��ӽ���<span lang=EN-US> p_osptr </span>ָ��ԭ<span lang=EN-US> init</span>���̵���������̣���ԭ<span
-lang=EN-US>init</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最老的（<span lang=EN-US>the
+oldest</span>）兄弟子进程<span lang=EN-US> p_osptr </span>指向原<span lang=EN-US> init</span>进程的最年轻进程，而原<span
+lang=EN-US>init</span>进</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������̵�<span
-lang=EN-US> p_ysptr</span>ָ��ԭ�ӽ��������ϵ��ֵ��ӽ��̡����ѵ�ǰ���̵�<span lang=EN-US>p_cptr</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程中最年轻进程的<span
+lang=EN-US> p_ysptr</span>指向原子进程中最老的兄弟子进程。最后把当前进程的<span lang=EN-US>p_cptr</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ���ÿգ����˳�ѭ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针置空，并退出循环。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>335</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -22483,13 +22483,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>341</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ�����ǻỰͷ��<span
-lang=EN-US>(leader)</span>���̣���ô�����п����նˣ���������ʹ�øÿ����ն˵�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前进程是会话头领<span
+lang=EN-US>(leader)</span>进程，那么若它有控制终端，则首先向使用该控制终端的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����鷢�͹Ҷ��ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGHUP</span>��Ȼ���ͷŸ��նˡ�����ɨ���������飬�����ڵ�ǰ���̻Ự��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程组发送挂断信号<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGHUP</span>，然后释放该终端。接着扫描任务数组，把属于当前进程会话中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̵��ն��ÿգ�ȡ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程的终端置空（取消）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>342</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -22553,11 +22553,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>356</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ�����ϴ�ʹ�ù�Э����������Ѽ�¼����Ϣ��ָ���ÿա��������˵��Խ��������ţ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前进程上次使用过协处理器，则把记录此信息的指针置空。若定义了调试进程树符号，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ý����������ʾ�����������õ��Ⱥ��������µ��Ƚ������У����ø������ܹ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则调用进程树检测显示函数。最后调用调度函数，重新调度进程运行，以让父进程能够处理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������̵������ƺ����ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>僵死进程的其它善后事宜。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>357</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -22589,23 +22589,23 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>364</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ����<span lang=EN-US>exit()</span>����ֹ���̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统调用<span lang=EN-US>exit()</span>。终止进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>error_code</span>���û������ṩ���˳�״̬��Ϣ��ֻ�е��ֽ���Ч����<span
-lang=EN-US>error_code</span>����<span lang=EN-US>8</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>error_code</span>是用户程序提供的退出状态信息，只有低字节有效。把<span
+lang=EN-US>error_code</span>左移<span lang=EN-US>8</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>
-wait() </span>��<span lang=EN-US> waitpid()</span>������Ҫ�󡣵��ֽ��н���������<span
-lang=EN-US>wait()</span>��״̬��Ϣ�����磬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>比特是<span lang=EN-US>
+wait() </span>或<span lang=EN-US> waitpid()</span>函数的要求。低字节中将用来保存<span
+lang=EN-US>wait()</span>的状态信息。例如，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������̴�����ͣ״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>TASK_STOPPED</span>������ô����ֽھ͵���<span lang=EN-US> 0x7f</span>���μ�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果进程处于暂停状态（<span
+lang=EN-US>TASK_STOPPED</span>），那么其低字节就等于<span lang=EN-US> 0x7f</span>。参见<span
 lang=EN-US> sys/wait.h</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>13--19</span>�С�
-<span lang=EN-US>wait() </span>��<span lang=EN-US>waitpid() </span>������Щ��Ϳ���ȡ���ӽ��̵��˳�״̬�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件第<span lang=EN-US>13--19</span>行。
+<span lang=EN-US>wait() </span>或<span lang=EN-US>waitpid() </span>利用这些宏就可以取得子进程的退出状态码或子</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ֹ��ԭ���źţ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程终止的原因（信号）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>365</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_exit</span></u>(int error_code)</span></p>
@@ -22623,38 +22623,38 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>369</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ����<span lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>������ǰ���̣�ֱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pid </span>ָ�����ӽ����˳�����ֹ�������յ�Ҫ����ֹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统调用<span lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>。挂起当前进程，直到<span
+lang=EN-US>pid </span>指定的子进程退出（终止）或者收到要求终止</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ý��̵��źţ���������Ҫ����һ���źž�����źŴ������򣩡����<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>��ָ���ӽ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该进程的信号，或者是需要调用一个信号句柄（信号处理程序）。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>所指的子进程早已</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�˳����ѳ���ν�Ľ������̣����򱾵��ý����̷��ء��ӽ���ʹ�õ�������Դ���ͷš�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>退出（已成所谓的僵死进程），则本调用将立刻返回。子进程使用的所有资源将释放。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>pid
-&gt; 0</span>����ʾ�ȴ����̺ŵ���<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>���ӽ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>pid
+&gt; 0</span>，表示等待进程号等于<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>的子进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>pid
-= 0</span>����ʾ�ȴ�������ŵ��ڵ�ǰ������ŵ��κ��ӽ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>pid
+= 0</span>，表示等待进程组号等于当前进程组号的任何子进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>pid
-&lt; -1</span>����ʾ�ȴ�������ŵ���<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>����ֵ���κ��ӽ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>pid
+&lt; -1</span>，表示等待进程组号等于<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>绝对值的任何子进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>pid
-= -1</span>����ʾ�ȴ��κ��ӽ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>pid
+= -1</span>，表示等待任何子进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>options
-= WUNTRACED</span>����ʾ����ӽ�����ֹͣ�ģ�Ҳ���Ϸ��أ�������٣���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若<span lang=EN-US>options
+= WUNTRACED</span>，表示如果子进程是停止的，也马上返回（无须跟踪）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>options
-= WNOHANG</span>����ʾ���û���ӽ����˳�����ֹ�����Ϸ��ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若<span lang=EN-US>options
+= WNOHANG</span>，表示如果没有子进程退出或终止就马上返回。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������״ָ̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>stat_addr</span>��Ϊ�գ���ͽ�״̬��Ϣ���浽���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果返回状态指针<span
+lang=EN-US>stat_addr</span>不为空，则就将状态信息保存到那里。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>�ǽ��̺ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>*stat_addr</span>�Ǳ���״̬��Ϣλ�õ�ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>options</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>waitpid</span>ѡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>是进程号；<span
+lang=EN-US>*stat_addr</span>是保存状态信息位置的指针；<span lang=EN-US>options</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>waitpid</span>选项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>370</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_waitpid</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -22665,7 +22665,7 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>372</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int flag;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ñ�־���ں����ʾ��ѡ�����ӽ��̴��ھ�����˯��̬��</p>
+// </span>该标志用于后面表示所选出的子进程处于就绪或睡眠态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>373</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; struct <u><span
@@ -22678,10 +22678,10 @@ oldblocked;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>375</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������֤��Ҫ���״̬��Ϣ��λ�ô��ڴ�ռ��㹻��Ȼ��λ��־<span
-lang=EN-US>flag</span>�����Ŵӵ�ǰ���̵���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先验证将要存放状态信息的位置处内存空间足够。然后复位标志<span
+lang=EN-US>flag</span>。接着从当前进程的最</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ӽ��̿�ʼɨ���ӽ����ֵ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>年轻子进程开始扫描子进程兄弟链表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>376</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -22697,10 +22697,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; flag=0;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (p = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;p_cptr ; p ; p = p-&gt;p_osptr) {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȴ����ӽ��̺�<span
-lang=EN-US>pid&gt;0</span>�����뱻ɨ���ӽ���<span lang=EN-US>p</span>��<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>����ȣ�˵�����ǵ�ǰ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果等待的子进程号<span
+lang=EN-US>pid&gt;0</span>，但与被扫描子进程<span lang=EN-US>p</span>的<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>不相等，说明它是当前进程另外的子</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̣����������ý��̣�����ɨ����һ�����̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程，于是跳过该进程，接着扫描下一个进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>380</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -22714,11 +22714,11 @@ if (p-&gt;pid != pid)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 continue;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ָ���ȴ����̵�<span
-lang=EN-US>pid=0</span>����ʾ���ڵȴ�������ŵ��ڵ�ǰ������ŵ��κ��ӽ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则，如果指定等待进程的<span
+lang=EN-US>pid=0</span>，表示正在等待进程组号等于当前进程组号的任何子进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʱ��ɨ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>�Ľ�������뵱ǰ���̵���Ų��ȣ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果此时被扫描进程<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>的进程组号与当前进程的组号不等，则跳过。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>383</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -22732,11 +22732,11 @@ if (p-&gt;pgrp != <u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;pgrp)</span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 continue;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>pid &lt; -1</span>����ʾ���ڵȴ�������ŵ���<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>����ֵ���κ��ӽ��̡������ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则，如果指定的<span
+lang=EN-US>pid &lt; -1</span>，表示正在等待进程组号等于<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>绝对值的任何子进程。如果此时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ɨ�����<span lang=EN-US>p</span>�������<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>�ľ���ֵ���ȣ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>被扫描进程<span lang=EN-US>p</span>的组号与<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>的绝对值不等，则跳过。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>386</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -22754,33 +22754,33 @@ continue;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǰ<span lang=EN-US>3</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>���ж϶������ϣ����ʾ��ǰ�������ڵȴ����κ��ӽ��̣�Ҳ��<span lang=EN-US>pid = -1</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果前<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个对<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>的判断都不符合，则表示当前进程正在等待其任何子进程，也即<span lang=EN-US>pid = -1</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ʱ��ѡ�񵽵Ľ��� <span
-lang=EN-US>p </span>����������̺ŵ���ָ�� <span lang=EN-US>pid</span>�������ǵ�ǰ�������е��κ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的情况。此时所选择到的进程 <span
+lang=EN-US>p </span>或者是其进程号等于指定 <span lang=EN-US>pid</span>，或者是当前进程组中的任何</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ӽ��̣������ǽ��̺ŵ���ָ�� <span
-lang=EN-US>pid </span>����ֵ���ӽ��̣��������κ��ӽ��̣���ʱָ���� <span lang=EN-US>pid</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>子进程，或者是进程号等于指定 <span
+lang=EN-US>pid </span>绝对值的子进程，或者是任何子进程（此时指定的 <span lang=EN-US>pid</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���� <span lang=EN-US>-1</span>������������������ӽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>������״̬��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等于 <span lang=EN-US>-1</span>）。接下来根据这个子进程<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>所处的状态来处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ӽ���<span lang=EN-US>p
-</span>����ֹͣ״̬ʱ�������ʱ����ѡ��<span lang=EN-US>options</span>��<span lang=EN-US>WUNTRACED
-</span>��־û����λ����ʾ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当子进程<span lang=EN-US>p
+</span>处于停止状态时，如果此时参数选项<span lang=EN-US>options</span>中<span lang=EN-US>WUNTRACED
+</span>标志没有置位，表示</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������̷��أ������ӽ��̴�ʱ���˳������<span
-lang=EN-US> 0</span>�����Ǽ���ɨ�账�������ӽ��̡� ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程序无须立刻返回，或者子进程此时的退出码等于<span
+lang=EN-US> 0</span>，于是继续扫描处理其他子进程。 如果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // WUNTRACED</span>��λ���ӽ����˳��벻Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������˳���������ֽڣ�����״̬��Ϣ <span lang=EN-US>0x7f </span>�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // WUNTRACED</span>置位且子进程退出码不为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则把退出码移入高字节，或上状态信息 <span lang=EN-US>0x7f </span>后放入</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // *stat_addr</span>���ڸ�λ�ӽ����˳��������̷����ӽ��̺�<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>������<span lang=EN-US>0x7f </span>��ʾ�ķ���״̬ʹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // *stat_addr</span>，在复位子进程退出码后就立刻返回子进程号<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>。这里<span lang=EN-US>0x7f </span>表示的返回状态使</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// WIFSTOPPED()</span>��Ϊ�档�μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>include/sys/wait.h</span>��<span lang=EN-US>14</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// WIFSTOPPED()</span>宏为真。参见<span
+lang=EN-US>include/sys/wait.h</span>，<span lang=EN-US>14</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>390</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -22820,15 +22820,15 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return
 p-&gt;pid;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ӽ���<span lang=EN-US>p</span>���ڽ���״̬�������Ȱ������û�̬���ں�̬���е�ʱ��ֱ��ۼƵ���ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果子进程<span lang=EN-US>p</span>处于僵死状态，则首先把它在用户态和内核态运行的时间分别累计到当前进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������̣��У�Ȼ��ȡ���ӽ��̵�<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>���˳��룬���˳�����뷵��״̬λ��<span lang=EN-US>stat_addr</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（父进程）中，然后取出子进程的<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>和退出码，把退出码放入返回状态位置<span lang=EN-US>stat_addr</span>处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ͷŸ��ӽ��̡���󷵻��ӽ��̵��˳����<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>�� �������˵��Խ��������ţ�����ý���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并释放该子进程。最后返回子进程的退出码和<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>。 若定义了调试进程树符号，则调用进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ʾ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>树检测显示函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>399</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -22870,10 +22870,10 @@ lang=EN-US> #endif</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return flag;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ӽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>��״̬�Ȳ���ֹͣҲ���ǽ�������ô����<span lang=EN-US>flag = 1</span>����ʾ�ҵ���һ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果这个子进程<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>的状态既不是停止也不是僵死，那么就置<span lang=EN-US>flag = 1</span>。表示找到过一个符合</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ҫ����ӽ��̣���������������̬��˯��̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>要求的子进程，但是它处于运行态或睡眠态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>409</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -22894,23 +22894,23 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>413</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������ɨ����������<span
-lang=EN-US> flag</span>����λ��˵���з��ϵȴ�Ҫ����ӽ��̲�û�д�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在上面对任务数组扫描结束后，如果<span
+lang=EN-US> flag</span>被置位，说明有符合等待要求的子进程并没有处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���˳�����״̬����ʱ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>WNOHANG</span>ѡ���ʾ��û���ӽ��̴����˳�����ֹ̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于退出或僵死状态。此时如果已设置<span
+lang=EN-US>WNOHANG</span>选项（表示若没有子进程处于退出或终止态就</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̷��أ��������̷���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���˳�������ѵ�ǰ������Ϊ���жϵȴ�״̬�����������޸�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>立刻返回），就立刻返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，退出。否则把当前进程置为可中断等待状态并，保留并修改</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ�����ź�����λͼ����������յ�<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGCHLD</span>�źš�Ȼ��ִ�е��ȳ��򡣵�ϵͳ�ֿ�ʼ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前进程信号阻塞位图，允许其接收到<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGCHLD</span>信号。然后执行调度程序。当系统又开始</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�б�����ʱ������������յ���<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGCHLD</span>���������δ�����źţ������˳��롰������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行本进程时，如果本进程收到除<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGCHLD</span>以外的其他未屏蔽信号，则以退出码“重新启</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ϵͳ���á����ء�������ת��������ʼ��<span
-lang=EN-US>repeat</span>��Ŵ��ظ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>动系统调用”返回。否则跳转到函数开始处<span
+lang=EN-US>repeat</span>标号处重复处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>414</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (flag) {</span></p>
@@ -22965,8 +22965,8 @@ goto repeat;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>426</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>flag
-= 0</span>����ʾû���ҵ�����Ҫ����ӽ��̣��򷵻س����루�ӽ��̲����ڣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若<span lang=EN-US>flag
+= 0</span>，表示没有找到符合要求的子进程，则返回出错码（子进程不存在）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>427</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return -<u><span
@@ -22994,7 +22994,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447981"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447385"></a><a name="_Toc53320610"><span lang=EN-US>8.8 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>8-8 linux/kernel/fork.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>8-8 linux/kernel/fork.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -23034,40 +23034,40 @@ management can be a bitch. See 'mm/mm.c': 'copy_page_tables()'</i></b></span></p
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'fork.c'</span>�к���ϵͳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>'fork'</span>�ĸ����ӳ��򣨲μ�<span lang=EN-US>system_call.s</span>�����Լ�һЩ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'fork.c'</span>中含有系统调用<span
+lang=EN-US>'fork'</span>的辅助子程序（参见<span lang=EN-US>system_call.s</span>），以及一些</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����������<span
-lang=EN-US>'verify_area'</span>����һ�����˽���<span lang=EN-US>fork</span>���ͻᷢ�����Ƿǳ��򵥵ģ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>其他函数（<span
+lang=EN-US>'verify_area'</span>）。一旦你了解了<span lang=EN-US>fork</span>，就会发现它是非常简单的，但</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ڴ����ȴ��Щ�Ѷȡ��μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>'mm/memory.c'</span>�е�<span lang=EN-US>'copy_page_tables()'</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>内存管理却有些难度。参见<span
+lang=EN-US>'mm/memory.c'</span>中的<span lang=EN-US>'copy_page_tables()'</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ݡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的数据。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ������������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵȵ�Ƕ��ʽ���ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义了设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等的嵌入式汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>дҳ����֤����ҳ�治��д������ҳ�档������<span
-lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c </span>��<span lang=EN-US>261</span>�п�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>写页面验证。若页面不可写，则复制页面。定义在<span
+lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c </span>第<span lang=EN-US>261</span>行开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>write_verify</span></u>(unsigned long
@@ -23077,42 +23077,42 @@ address);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 long <u><span style='color:blue'>last_pid</span></u>=0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���½��̺ţ���ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>get_empty_process()</span>���ɡ�</p>
+// </span>最新进程号，其值会由<span lang=EN-US>get_empty_process()</span>生成。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���̿ռ�����дǰ��֤������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>进程空间区域写前验证函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>80386
-CPU</span>����ִ����Ȩ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʱ���������û��ռ��е�ҳ���Ƿ���ҳ�����ģ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于<span lang=EN-US>80386
+CPU</span>，在执行特权级<span lang=EN-US>0</span>代码时不会理会用户空间中的页面是否是页保护的，因此</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ���ں˴���ʱ�û��ռ�������ҳ�汣����־�������ã�дʱ���ƻ���Ҳ��ʧȥ�����á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在执行内核代码时用户空间中数据页面保护标志起不了作用，写时复制机制也就失去了作用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // verify_area()</span>���������ڴ�Ŀ�ġ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>80486</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>������ƼĴ���<span lang=EN-US>CR0</span>����һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // verify_area()</span>函数就用于此目的。但对于<span
+lang=EN-US>80486</span>或后来的<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>，其控制寄存器<span lang=EN-US>CR0</span>中有一个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>д������־<span lang=EN-US>WP</span>��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>16</span>�����ں˿���ͨ�����øñ�־����ֹ��Ȩ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�Ĵ������û��ռ�ֻ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>写保护标志<span lang=EN-US>WP</span>（位<span
+lang=EN-US>16</span>），内核可以通过设置该标志来禁止特权级<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的代码向用户空间只读</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ��ִ��д���ݣ����򽫵��·���д�����쳣���Ӷ�<span
-lang=EN-US>486</span>����<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>����ͨ�����øñ�־����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页面执行写数据，否则将导致发生写保护异常。从而<span
+lang=EN-US>486</span>以上<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>可以通过设置该标志来达</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʹ�ñ�����ͬ����Ŀ�ġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>到使用本函数同样的目的。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú����Ե�ǰ�����߼���ַ�� <span
-lang=EN-US>addr </span>�� <span lang=EN-US>addr + size </span>��һ�η�Χ��ҳΪ��λִ��д����ǰ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数对当前进程逻辑地址从 <span
+lang=EN-US>addr </span>到 <span lang=EN-US>addr + size </span>这一段范围以页为单位执行写操作前</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ����������ڼ���ж�����ҳ��Ϊ��λ���в�������˳���������Ҫ�ҳ�<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>����ҳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的检测操作。由于检测判断是以页面为单位进行操作，因此程序首先需要找出<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>所在页</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�濪ʼ��ַ<span lang=EN-US>start</span>��Ȼ��
-<span lang=EN-US>start</span>���Ͻ������ݶλ�ַ��ʹ���<span lang=EN-US>start</span>�任��<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU 4G</span>���Կ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>面开始地址<span lang=EN-US>start</span>，然后
+<span lang=EN-US>start</span>加上进程数据段基址，使这个<span lang=EN-US>start</span>变换成<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU 4G</span>线性空</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���еĵ�ַ�����ѭ������<span
-lang=EN-US>write_verify() </span>��ָ����С���ڴ�ռ����дǰ��֤����ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>间中的地址。最后循环调用<span
+lang=EN-US>write_verify() </span>对指定大小的内存空间进行写前验证。若页面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֻ���ģ���ִ�й�������͸���ҳ�������дʱ���ƣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是只读的，则执行共享检验和复制页面操作（写时复制）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;<u>24</u></span><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(void *
@@ -23125,19 +23125,19 @@ unsigned long start;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ƚ���ʼ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>start</span>����Ϊ������ҳ����߽翪ʼλ�ã�ͬʱ��Ӧ�ص�����֤�����С��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先将起始地址<span
+lang=EN-US>start</span>调整为其所在页的左边界开始位置，同时相应地调整验证区域大小。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�¾��е� <span lang=EN-US>start
-&amp; 0xfff </span>�������ָ����ʼλ��<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>��Ҳ��<span lang=EN-US>start</span>��������ҳ���е�ƫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下句中的 <span lang=EN-US>start
+&amp; 0xfff </span>用来获得指定起始位置<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>（也即<span lang=EN-US>start</span>）在所在页面中的偏移</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֵ��ԭ��֤��Χ <span
-lang=EN-US>size </span>�������ƫ��ֵ����չ���� <span lang=EN-US>addr </span>����ҳ����ʼλ�ÿ�ʼ�ķ�Χֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>值，原验证范围 <span
+lang=EN-US>size </span>加上这个偏移值即扩展成以 <span lang=EN-US>addr </span>所在页面起始位置开始的范围值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>
-30</span>���� Ҳ��Ҫ����֤��ʼλ�� <span lang=EN-US>start </span>������ҳ��߽�ֵ���μ�ǰ���ͼ���ڴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因此在<span lang=EN-US>
+30</span>行上 也需要把验证开始位置 <span lang=EN-US>start </span>调整成页面边界值。参见前面的图“内存验</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>֤��Χ�ĵ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>证范围的调整”。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 start = (unsigned long) addr;</span></p>
@@ -23147,21 +23147,21 @@ size += start &amp; 0xfff;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 start &amp;= 0xfffff000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʱ<span lang=EN-US>start</span>�ǵ�ǰ���̿ռ��е��߼���ַ��</p>
+// </span>此时<span lang=EN-US>start</span>是当前进程空间中的逻辑地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����� <span lang=EN-US>start
-</span>���Ͻ������ݶ������Ե�ַ�ռ��е���ʼ��ַ�����ϵͳ�������Կռ��еĵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面把 <span lang=EN-US>start
+</span>加上进程数据段在线性地址空间中的起始基址，变成系统整个线性空间中的地</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ַλ�á�����<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux 0.1x</span>�ںˣ������ݶκʹ���������Ե�ַ�ռ��еĻ�ַ���޳�����ͬ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>址位置。对于<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux 0.1x</span>内核，其数据段和代码段在线性地址空间中的基址和限长均相同。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��ѭ������дҳ����֤����ҳ�治��д������ҳ�档��<span
-lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>274</span>�У�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后循环进行写页面验证。若页面不可写，则复制页面。（<span
+lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>274</span>行）</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 start += <u><span style='color:blue'>get_base</span></u>(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;ldt[2]);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-include/linux/sched.h</span>��<span lang=EN-US>277</span>�С�</p>
+include/linux/sched.h</span>，<span lang=EN-US>277</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while (size&gt;0) {</span></p>
@@ -23182,19 +23182,19 @@ start += 4096;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڴ�ҳ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复制内存页表。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>��������ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>�����������ݽṹָ�롣�ú���Ϊ�����������Ե�ַ�ռ������ô���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>是新任务号；<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>是新任务数据结构指针。该函数为新任务在线性地址空间中设置代码</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�κ����ݶλ�ַ���޳���������ҳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>����<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>ϵͳ������дʱ���ƣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>copy on write</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>段和数据段基址、限长，并复制页表。<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>由于<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>系统采用了写时复制（<span
+lang=EN-US>copy on write</span>）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ ��������Ϊ�½��������Լ���ҳĿ¼�����ҳ�����û��ʵ��Ϊ�½��̷�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>技术， 因此这里仅为新进程设置自己的页目录表项和页表项，而没有实际为新进程分配物理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ�ҳ�档��ʱ�½������丸���̹��������ڴ�ҳ�档�����ɹ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存页面。此时新进程与其父进程共享所有内存页面。操作成功返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>copy_mem</span></u>(int nr,struct <u><span
@@ -23210,21 +23210,21 @@ unsigned long old_code_base,new_code_base,code_limit;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ��ǰ���ֲ̾����������д���������������ݶ����������еĶ��޳����ֽ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先取当前进程局部描述符表中代码段描述符和数据段描述符项中的段限长（字节数）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x0f</span>�Ǵ����ѡ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0x17</span>�����ݶ�ѡ�����Ȼ��ȡ��ǰ���̴���κ����ݶ������Ե�ַ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x0f</span>是代码段选择符；<span
+lang=EN-US>0x17</span>是数据段选择符。然后取当前进程代码段和数据段在线性地址</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ռ��еĻ���ַ������<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux 0.12</span>�ں˻���֧�ִ�������ݶη�������������������Ҫ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>空间中的基地址。由于<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux 0.12</span>内核还不支持代码和数据段分立的情况，因此这里需要</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������κ����ݶλ�ַ�Ƿ���ͬ������Ҫ�����ݶεĳ������ٲ�С�ڴ���εĳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>检查代码段和数据段基址是否都相同，并且要求数据段的长度至少不小于代码段的长度</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���μ�ͼ<span lang=EN-US>5-12</span>���������ں���ʾ������Ϣ����ֹͣ���С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（参见图<span lang=EN-US>5-12</span>），否则内核显示出错信息，并停止运行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // get_limit()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>get_base()</span>������<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/sched.h</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>277</span>�к�<span lang=EN-US>279</span>�д���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // get_limit()</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>get_base()</span>定义在<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/sched.h</span>第<span
+lang=EN-US>277</span>行和<span lang=EN-US>279</span>行处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 code_limit=<u><span style='color:blue'>get_limit</span></u>(0x0f);</span></p>
@@ -23253,16 +23253,16 @@ if (data_limit &lt; code_limit)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;Bad data_limit&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����ô����е��½��������Ե�ַ�ռ��еĻ���ַ���ڣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>64MB * </span>������ţ������ø�ֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后设置创建中的新进程在线性地址空间中的基地址等于（<span
+lang=EN-US>64MB * </span>其任务号），并用该值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����½��ֲ̾����������ж��������еĻ���ַ�����������½��̵�ҳĿ¼�����ҳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置新进程局部描述符表中段描述符中的基地址。接着设置新进程的页目录表项和页表项，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ƶ�ǰ���̣������̣���ҳĿ¼�����ҳ���
-��ʱ�ӽ��̹��������̵��ڴ�ҳ�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即复制当前进程（父进程）的页目录表项和页表项。
+此时子进程共享父进程的内存页面。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������<span lang=EN-US>copy_page_tables()</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�������ʾ���������ͷŸ������ҳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>正常情况下<span lang=EN-US>copy_page_tables()</span>返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则表示出错，则释放刚申请的页表项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 new_data_base = new_code_base = nr * <u><span style='color:blue'>TASK_SIZE</span></u>;</span></p>
@@ -23311,45 +23311,45 @@ also copies the data segment in it's entirety.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>����������Ҫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>fork</span>�ӳ���������ϵͳ������Ϣ<span lang=EN-US>(task[n])</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>，下面是主要的<span
+lang=EN-US>fork</span>子程序。它复制系统进程信息<span lang=EN-US>(task[n])</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������ñ�Ҫ�ļĴ��������������ظ������ݶΣ�Ҳ�Ǵ���Σ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>并且设置必要的寄存器。它还整个地复制数据段（也是代码段）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ƽ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复制进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú����Ĳ����ǽ���ϵͳ�����жϴ������̣�<span
-lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>����ʼ��ֱ�����ñ�ϵͳ���ô���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数的参数是进入系统调用中断处理过程（<span
+lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>）开始，直到调用本系统调用处理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̣�<span lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>208</span>�У��͵��ñ�����ǰ��<span lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>217</span>�У���ѹ������ں�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>过程（<span lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>第<span
+lang=EN-US>208</span>行）和调用本函数前（<span lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>第<span
+lang=EN-US>217</span>行）逐步压入进程内核</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>̬ջ�ĸ��Ĵ�����ֵ����Щ��<span
-lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>��������ѹ���ں�̬ջ��ֵ������������<span lang=EN-US>:</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>态栈的各寄存器的值。这些在<span
+lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>程序中逐步压入内核态栈的值（参数）包括<span lang=EN-US>:</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // �� CPU</span>ִ���ж�ָ��ѹ����û�ջ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>ss</span>��<span lang=EN-US>esp</span>����־<span lang=EN-US>eflags</span>�ͷ��ص�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>cs</span>��<span lang=EN-US>eip</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ① CPU</span>执行中断指令压入的用户栈地址<span
+lang=EN-US>ss</span>和<span lang=EN-US>esp</span>、标志<span lang=EN-US>eflags</span>和返回地址<span
+lang=EN-US>cs</span>和<span lang=EN-US>eip</span>；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // �� </span>��<span lang=EN-US>83--88</span>���ڸս���<span
-lang=EN-US>system_call</span>ʱ��ջ�ĶμĴ���<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>es</span>��<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>��<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ② </span>第<span lang=EN-US>83--88</span>行在刚进入<span
+lang=EN-US>system_call</span>时入栈的段寄存器<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>es</span>、<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>和<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>ecx</span>、<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // �� </span>��<span lang=EN-US>94</span>�е���<span
-lang=EN-US>sys_call_table</span>��<span lang=EN-US>sys_fork</span>����ʱ��ջ�ķ��ص�ַ������<span
-lang=EN-US>none</span>��ʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ③ </span>第<span lang=EN-US>94</span>行调用<span
+lang=EN-US>sys_call_table</span>中<span lang=EN-US>sys_fork</span>函数时入栈的返回地址（参数<span
+lang=EN-US>none</span>表示）；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�� ��<span lang=EN-US>212--216</span>���ڵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>copy_process()</span>֮ǰ��ջ��<span lang=EN-US>gs</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>esi</span>��<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ebp</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>��<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>④ 第<span lang=EN-US>212--216</span>行在调用<span
+lang=EN-US>copy_process()</span>之前入栈的<span lang=EN-US>gs</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>esi</span>、<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>、<span lang=EN-US>ebp</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>（<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���в���<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>�ǵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>find_empty_process()</span>���������������š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其中参数<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>是调用<span
+lang=EN-US>find_empty_process()</span>分配的任务数组项号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>copy_process</span></u>(int nr,long ebp,long
@@ -23378,13 +23378,13 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>file</span></u> *f;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ϊ���������ݽṹ�����ڴ档����ڴ����������򷵻س����벢�˳���Ȼ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先为新任务数据结构分配内存。如果内存分配出错，则返回出错码并退出。然后将新任务</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ṹָ��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>���С�����<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>Ϊ����ţ���ǰ��<span lang=EN-US>find_empty_process()</span>���ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>结构指针放入任务数组的<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>项中。其中<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>为任务号，由前面<span lang=EN-US>find_empty_process()</span>返回。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Űѵ�ǰ��������ṹ���ݸ��Ƶ������뵽���ڴ�ҳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>��ʼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着把当前进程任务结构内容复制到刚申请到的内存页面<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>开始处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 p = (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> *) <u><span
@@ -23404,21 +23404,21 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EAGAIN</span></u>;</span></p>
 doesn't copy the supervisor stack */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>ע�⣡���������Ḵ�Ƴ����û���ջ��ֻ���ƽ��̽ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+/* </span>注意！这样做不会复制超级用户堆栈（只复制进程结构）<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ը������Ľ��̽ṹ���ݽ���һЩ�޸ģ���Ϊ�½��̵�����ṹ���Ƚ��½��̵�״̬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>随后对复制来的进程结构内容进行一些修改，作为新进程的任务结构。先将新进程的状态</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ�����жϵȴ�״̬���Է�ֹ�ں˵�����ִ�С�Ȼ�������½��̵Ľ��̺�<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>������ʼ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>置为不可中断等待状态，以防止内核调度其执行。然后设置新进程的进程号<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>，并初始</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ʱ��Ƭֵ������<span
-lang=EN-US> priority</span>ֵ�� һ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>15</span>����ણ������Ÿ�λ�½��̵��ź�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>化进程运行时间片值等于其<span
+lang=EN-US> priority</span>值（ 一般为<span lang=EN-US>15</span>个嘀嗒）。接着复位新进程的信号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>λͼ��������ʱֵ���Ự��<span
-lang=EN-US>session</span>���쵼��־<span lang=EN-US> leader</span>�� ���̼����ӽ������ں˺��û�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>位图、报警定时值、会话（<span
+lang=EN-US>session</span>）领导标志<span lang=EN-US> leader</span>、 进程及其子进程在内核和用户</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>̬����ʱ��ͳ��ֵ�������ý��̿�ʼ���е�ϵͳʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>start_time</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>态运行时间统计值，还设置进程开始运行的系统时间<span
+lang=EN-US>start_time</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 p-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>state</span></u> = <u><span style='color:
@@ -23426,80 +23426,80 @@ blue'>TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 p-&gt;pid = <u><span style='color:blue'>last_pid</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�½��̺š�Ҳ��<span lang=EN-US>find_empty_process()</span>�õ���</p>
+// </span>新进程号。也由<span lang=EN-US>find_empty_process()</span>得到。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-p-&gt;counter = p-&gt;priority;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱ��Ƭֵ�����������</p>
+p-&gt;counter = p-&gt;priority;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>运行时间片值（嘀嗒数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 p-&gt;signal = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ź�λͼ��</p>
+// </span>信号位图。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 p-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>alarm</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʱֵ�����������</p>
+// </span>报警定时值（嘀嗒数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 p-&gt;leader = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/*
 process leadership doesn't inherit */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>���̵��쵼Ȩ�ǲ��ܼ̳е�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>进程的领导权是不能继承的<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 p-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>utime</span></u> = p-&gt;<u><span
-style='color:blue'>stime</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�û�̬ʱ��ͺ���̬����ʱ�䡣</p>
+style='color:blue'>stime</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用户态时间和核心态运行时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-p-&gt;cutime = p-&gt;cstime = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ӽ����û�̬�ͺ���̬����ʱ�䡣</p>
+p-&gt;cutime = p-&gt;cstime = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>子进程用户态和核心态运行时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 p-&gt;start_time = <u><span style='color:blue'>jiffies</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���̿�ʼ����ʱ�䣨��ǰʱ��δ�������</p>
+// </span>进程开始运行时间（当前时间滴答数）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���޸�����״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>TSS </span>���ݣ��μ��б���˵����������ϵͳ������ṹ <span lang=EN-US>p</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再修改任务状态段<span
+lang=EN-US>TSS </span>数据（参见列表后说明）。由于系统给任务结构 <span lang=EN-US>p</span>分配了<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>页新</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ棬����<span lang=EN-US>
-(PAGE_SIZE + (long) p) </span>��<span lang=EN-US>esp0</span>����ָ���ҳ���ˡ� <span
-lang=EN-US>ss0:esp0 </span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存，所以<span lang=EN-US>
+(PAGE_SIZE + (long) p) </span>让<span lang=EN-US>esp0</span>正好指向该页顶端。 <span
+lang=EN-US>ss0:esp0 </span>用作程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ں�ִ̬��ʱ��ջ�����⣬�ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>���������Ѿ�֪����ÿ��������<span lang=EN-US> GDT</span>���ж�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在内核态执行时的栈。另外，在第<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>章中我们已经知道，每个任务在<span lang=EN-US> GDT</span>表中都有两个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������һ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>TSS</span>������������һ���������<span lang=EN-US>LDT</span>����������������<span
-lang=EN-US>111</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>段描述符，一个是任务的<span
+lang=EN-US>TSS</span>段描述符，另一个是任务的<span lang=EN-US>LDT</span>表段描述符。下面<span
+lang=EN-US>111</span>行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ�<span lang=EN-US>GDT</span>�б�����<span
-lang=EN-US>LDT</span>����������ѡ��������ڱ������<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>���С���<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>ִ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>语句就是把<span lang=EN-US>GDT</span>中本任务<span
+lang=EN-US>LDT</span>段描述符的选择符保存在本任务的<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>段中。当<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>执行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�л�����ʱ�����Զ���<span
-lang=EN-US>TSS</span>�а�<span lang=EN-US>LDT</span>����������ѡ������ص�<span lang=EN-US>ldtr</span>�Ĵ����С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>切换任务时，会自动从<span
+lang=EN-US>TSS</span>中把<span lang=EN-US>LDT</span>段描述符的选择符加载到<span lang=EN-US>ldtr</span>寄存器中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 p-&gt;tss.back_link = 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 p-&gt;tss.esp0 = <u><span style='color:blue'>PAGE_SIZE</span></u> + (long) p;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ں�̬ջָ�롣</p>
+// </span>任务内核态栈指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 p-&gt;tss.ss0 = 0x10;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ں�̬ջ�Ķ�ѡ��������ں����ݶ���ͬ����</p>
+// </span>内核态栈的段选择符（与内核数据段相同）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 p-&gt;tss.eip = eip;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ָ�����ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>指令代码指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-p-&gt;tss.eflags = eflags;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��־�Ĵ�����</p>
+p-&gt;tss.eflags = eflags;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标志寄存器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;p-&gt;tss.eax = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ǵ�<span lang=EN-US>fork()</span>����ʱ�½��̻᷵��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ԭ�����ڡ�</p>
+// </span>这是当<span lang=EN-US>fork()</span>返回时新进程会返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的原因所在。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 p-&gt;tss.ecx = ecx;</span></p>
@@ -23528,7 +23528,7 @@ edi;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; p-&gt;tss.es = es
-&amp; 0xffff;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�μĴ�����<span lang=EN-US>16</span>λ��Ч��</p>
+&amp; 0xffff;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>段寄存器仅<span lang=EN-US>16</span>位有效。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; p-&gt;tss.cs = cs
@@ -23552,34 +23552,34 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; p-&gt;tss.gs = gs
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; p-&gt;tss.ldt = <u><span
-style='color:blue'>_LDT</span></u>(nr);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ֲ�����������ѡ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>LDT</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>GDT</span>�У���</p>
+style='color:blue'>_LDT</span></u>(nr);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>任务局部表描述符的选择符（<span
+lang=EN-US>LDT</span>描述符在<span lang=EN-US>GDT</span>中）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>111</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-p-&gt;tss.trace_bitmap = 0x80000000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>16</span>λ��Ч����</p>
+p-&gt;tss.trace_bitmap = 0x80000000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //</span>（高<span
+lang=EN-US>16</span>位有效）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ����ʹ����Э���������ͱ����������ġ����ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>clts</span>����������ƼĴ���<span lang=EN-US>CR0</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前任务使用了协处理器，就保存其上下文。汇编指令<span
+lang=EN-US>clts</span>用于清除控制寄存器<span lang=EN-US>CR0</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�е������ѽ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>TS</span>����־��ÿ�����������л���<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>�������øñ�־���ñ�־���ڹ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中的任务已交换（<span
+lang=EN-US>TS</span>）标志。每当发生任务切换，<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>都会设置该标志。该标志用于管理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ѧЭ������������ñ�־��λ����ôÿ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ESC</span>ָ��ᱻ�����쳣<span lang=EN-US>7</span>�������Э����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数学协处理器：如果该标志置位，那么每个<span
+lang=EN-US>ESC</span>指令都会被捕获（异常<span lang=EN-US>7</span>）。如果协处理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڱ�־<span lang=EN-US>MP</span>Ҳͬʱ��λ�Ļ�����ô<span
-lang=EN-US>WAIT</span>ָ��Ҳ�Ჶ����ˣ���������л�������һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>器存在标志<span lang=EN-US>MP</span>也同时置位的话，那么<span
+lang=EN-US>WAIT</span>指令也会捕获。因此，如果任务切换发生在一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ESC</span>ָ�ʼִ��֮����Э�������е����ݾͿ�����Ҫ��ִ���µ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ESC</span>ָ��֮ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个<span lang=EN-US>ESC</span>指令开始执行之后，则协处理器中的内容就可能需要在执行新的<span
+lang=EN-US>ESC</span>指令之前保存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������������ᱣ��Э�����������ݲ���λ<span
-lang=EN-US>TS</span>��־��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>fnsave</span>���ڰ�Э������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>起来。捕获处理句柄会保存协处理器的内容并复位<span
+lang=EN-US>TS</span>标志。指令<span lang=EN-US>fnsave</span>用于把协处理器</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������״̬���浽Ŀ�Ĳ�����ָ�����ڴ������У�<span
-lang=EN-US>tss.i387</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的所有状态保存到目的操作数指定的内存区域中（<span
+lang=EN-US>tss.i387</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>112</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -23593,17 +23593,17 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;clts ; fnsave %0 ; frstor %0&quot;</i>::<i>&quot;m&quot;</i>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ƽ���ҳ�����������Ե�ַ�ռ����������������κ����ݶ��������еĻ�ַ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接下来复制进程页表。即在线性地址空间中设置新任务代码段和数据段描述符中的基址</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���޳���������ҳ�����������������ֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������λ������������Ӧ��ͷ�Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和限长，并复制页表。如果出错（返回值不是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>），则复位任务数组中相应项并释放为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������������������ṹ���ڴ�ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该新任务分配的用于任务结构的内存页。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>copy_mem</span></u>(nr,p)) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ز�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʾ������</p>
+// </span>返回不为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>表示出错。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>115</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -23620,14 +23620,14 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EAGAIN</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������������ļ��Ǵ򿪵ģ��򽫶�Ӧ�ļ��Ĵ򿪴�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����Ϊ���ﴴ�����ӽ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果父进程中有文件是打开的，则将对应文件的打开次数增<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。因为这里创建的子进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���븸���̹�����Щ�򿪵��ļ�������ǰ���̣������̣���<span
-lang=EN-US>pwd, root</span>��<span lang=EN-US>executable</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>会与父进程共享这些打开的文件。将当前进程（父进程）的<span
+lang=EN-US>pwd, root</span>和<span lang=EN-US>executable</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ô�������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��������ͬ���ĵ������ӽ���Ҳ��������Щ<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>引用次数均增<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。与上面同样的道理，子进程也引用了这些<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0; i&lt;<u><span
@@ -23673,38 +23673,38 @@ style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;library)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;library-&gt;i_count++;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>GDT</span>��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>TSS</span>�κ�<span lang=EN-US>LDT</span>����������������ε��޳��������ó�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>随后在<span lang=EN-US>GDT</span>表中设置新任务<span
+lang=EN-US>TSS</span>段和<span lang=EN-US>LDT</span>段描述符项。这两个段的限长均被设置成<span
 lang=EN-US>104</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ֽڡ��μ� <span
-lang=EN-US>include/asm/system.h</span>��<span lang=EN-US>52��66 </span>�д��롣 Ȼ�����ý���֮��Ĺ�ϵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字节。参见 <span
+lang=EN-US>include/asm/system.h</span>，<span lang=EN-US>52—66 </span>行代码。 然后设置进程之间的关系链表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ�룬�����½��̲��뵽��ǰ���̵��ӽ��������С����½��̵ĸ���������Ϊ��ǰ���̣�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针，即把新进程插入到当前进程的子进程链表中。把新进程的父进程设置为当前进程，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���½��̵������ӽ���ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>p_cptr </span>�������ֵܽ���ָ��<span lang=EN-US>p_ysptr</span>�ÿա��������½���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把新进程的最新子进程指针<span
+lang=EN-US>p_cptr </span>和年轻兄弟进程指针<span lang=EN-US>p_ysptr</span>置空。接着让新进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ֽ���ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>p_osptr</span>���õ��ڸ����̵������ӽ���ָ�롣����ǰ����ȴ�ǻ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的老兄进程指针<span
+lang=EN-US>p_osptr</span>设置等于父进程的最新子进程指针。若当前进程却是还有其他</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ӽ��̣����ñ������ֽ��̵����������ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>p_yspter </span>ָ���½��̡����ѵ�ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>子进程，则让比邻老兄进程的最年轻进程指针<span
+lang=EN-US>p_yspter </span>指向新进程。最后把当前进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ӽ���ָ��ָ������½��̡�Ȼ����½������óɾ���̬����󷵻��½��̺š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的最新子进程指针指向这个新进程。然后把新进程设置成就绪态。最后返回新进程号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���⣬<span lang=EN-US>
-set_tss_desc() </span>��<span lang=EN-US> set_ldt_desc() </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US> include/asm/system.h </span>�ļ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>另外，<span lang=EN-US>
+set_tss_desc() </span>和<span lang=EN-US> set_ldt_desc() </span>定义在<span
+lang=EN-US> include/asm/system.h </span>文件中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>gdt+(nr&lt;&lt;1)+FIRST_TSS_ENTRY��</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>��<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>����������ȫ�ֱ��еĵ�ַ����Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>“<span lang=EN-US>gdt+(nr&lt;&lt;1)+FIRST_TSS_ENTRY”</span>是任务<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>的<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>描述符项在全局表中的地址。因为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ÿ������ռ��<span
-lang=EN-US>GDT</span>����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>������ʽ��Ҫ����<span lang=EN-US>'(nr&lt;&lt;1)'</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>每个任务占用<span
+lang=EN-US>GDT</span>表中<span lang=EN-US>2</span>项，因此上式中要包括<span lang=EN-US>'(nr&lt;&lt;1)'</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ע�⣬�������л�ʱ������Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>tr</span>����<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>�Զ����ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>请注意，在任务切换时，任务寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>tr</span>会由<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>自动加载。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -23719,33 +23719,33 @@ style='color:blue'>FIRST_LDT_ENTRY</span></u>,&amp;(p-&gt;ldt));</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>132</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; p-&gt;p_pptr = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����½��̵ĸ�����ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>设置新进程的父进程指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; p-&gt;p_cptr = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��λ�½��̵������ӽ���ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>复位新进程的最新子进程指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; p-&gt;p_ysptr = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��λ�½��̵ı��������ֵܽ���ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>复位新进程的比邻年轻兄弟进程指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>135</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; p-&gt;p_osptr = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;p_cptr;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����½��̵ı��������ֵܽ���ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>设置新进程的比邻老兄兄弟进程指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>136</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (p-&gt;p_osptr)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���½����������ֵܽ��̣�������</p>
+// </span>若新进程有老兄兄弟进程，则让其</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-p-&gt;p_osptr-&gt;p_ysptr = p;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ֵ�ָ��ָ���½��̡�</p>
+p-&gt;p_osptr-&gt;p_ysptr = p;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>年轻进程兄弟指针指向新进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;p_cptr = p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�õ�ǰ���������ӽ���ָ��ָ���½��̡�</p>
+// </span>让当前进程最新子进程指针指向新进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; p-&gt;<u><span
@@ -23762,9 +23762,9 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ�½���ȡ�ò��ظ��Ľ��̺�<span
-lang=EN-US>last_pid</span>���������������������е������<span lang=EN-US>(</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为新进程取得不重复的进程号<span
+lang=EN-US>last_pid</span>。函数返回在任务数组中的任务号<span lang=EN-US>(</span>数组项<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>find_empty_process</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -23778,20 +23778,20 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>146</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ȼ�ȡ�µĽ��̺š����<span
-lang=EN-US>last_pid</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�󳬳����̺ŵ�������ʾ��Χ�������´�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��ʼ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先获取新的进程号。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>last_pid</span>增<span lang=EN-US>1</span>后超出进程号的正数表示范围，则重新从<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>开始</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>�š�
-Ȼ�����������������������õ�<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>���Ƿ��Ѿ����κ�����ʹ�á��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>使用<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>号。
+然后在任务数组中搜索刚设置的<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>号是否已经被任何任务使用。如果是则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ת��������ʼ�����»��һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>�š� ����������������Ϊ������Ѱ��һ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>跳转到函数开始处重新获得一个<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>号。 接着在任务数组中为新任务寻找一个空闲项，并</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������š� <span
-lang=EN-US>last_pid</span>��һ��ȫ�ֱ��������÷��ء������ʱ����������<span lang=EN-US>64</span>�����Ѿ���ȫ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回项号。 <span
+lang=EN-US>last_pid</span>是一个全局变量，不用返回。如果此时任务数组中<span lang=EN-US>64</span>个项已经被全</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ռ�ã��򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>部占用，则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; repeat:</span></p>
@@ -23823,7 +23823,7 @@ goto repeat;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for(i=1 ; i&lt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>NR_TASKS</span></u> ; i++)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ų����⡣</p>
+// </span>任务<span lang=EN-US>0</span>项被排除在外。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -23859,8 +23859,8 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447982"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447386"></a><a name="_Toc53320611"><span lang=EN-US>8.9 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>8-9 linux/kernel/sys.c</span></a><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>8-9 linux/kernel/sys.c</span></a><span
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -23883,46 +23883,46 @@ linux/kernel/sys.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ݣ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件。定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的数据，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>����һЩ�й��������������úͻ�ȡ��Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ������䡣</p>
+</span>还有一些有关描述符参数设置和获取的嵌入式汇编函数宏语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/tty.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>ͷ�ļ����������й�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_io</span>������ͨ�ŷ���Ĳ�����������</p>
+#include &lt;linux/tty.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>头文件，定义了有关<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_io</span>，串行通信方面的参数、常数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/config.h&gt; // </span>�ں˳��������ļ���������Ҫʹ�����е�ϵͳ���Ƴ���������Ϣ��</p>
+#include &lt;linux/config.h&gt; // </span>内核常数配置文件。这里主要使用其中的系统名称常数符号信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/times.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����˽���������ʱ��Ľṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>tms</span>�Լ�<span lang=EN-US>times()</span>����ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/times.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义了进程中运行时间的结构<span
+lang=EN-US>tms</span>以及<span lang=EN-US>times()</span>函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/utsname.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ���ƽṹͷ�ļ���</p>
+#include &lt;sys/utsname.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>系统名称结构头文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/param.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳһЩȫ�ֳ������š�����<span
-lang=EN-US>HZ</span>�ȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/param.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统参数头文件。含有系统一些全局常数符号。例如<span
+lang=EN-US>HZ</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/resource.h&gt; // </span>ϵͳ��Դͷ�ļ��������йؽ�����Դʹ������Ľṹ����Ϣ��</p>
+#include &lt;sys/resource.h&gt; // </span>系统资源头文件。含有有关进程资源使用情况的结构等信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
-#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���ͷ�ļ����ַ������ڴ��ֽ����в���������</p>
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串头文件。字符串或内存字节序列操作函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -23939,22 +23939,22 @@ programs who obtain this value by using gettimeofday.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ϵͳ���ڵ�ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>timezone</span>������ΪĳЩ����ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>gettimeofday</span>ϵͳ���û�ȡ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>本系统所在的时区（<span
+lang=EN-US>timezone</span>）。作为某些程序使用<span lang=EN-US>gettimeofday</span>系统调用获取</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ʱ����Ĭ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>时区的默认值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʱ���ṹ<span lang=EN-US>timezone</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���ֶΣ�<span lang=EN-US>tz_minuteswest</span>����ʾ��������α�׼ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>GMT</span>�����ķ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>时区结构<span lang=EN-US>timezone</span>第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个字段（<span lang=EN-US>tz_minuteswest</span>）表示距格林尼治标准时间<span
+lang=EN-US>GMT</span>以西的分钟</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���ֶΣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>tz_dsttime</span>��������ʱ<span lang=EN-US>DST</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Daylight
-Savings Time</span>���������͡� �ýṹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数；第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个字段（<span
+lang=EN-US>tz_dsttime</span>）是夏令时<span lang=EN-US>DST</span>（<span lang=EN-US>Daylight
+Savings Time</span>）调整类型。 该结构</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>include/sys/time.h</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义在<span lang=EN-US>include/sys/time.h</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>timezone</span></u> <u><span
@@ -23962,20 +23962,20 @@ style='color:blue'>sys_tz</span></u> = { 0, 0};</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݽ������<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>ȡ�ý����������Ự��<span lang=EN-US>session</span>���š��ú�����<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/exit.c</span>��ʵ�֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据进程组号<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>取得进程组所属会话（<span lang=EN-US>session</span>）号。该函数在<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/exit.c</span>中实现。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>session_of_pgrp</span></u>(int pgrp);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ں�ʱ�䣨<span
-lang=EN-US>ftime �C Fetch time</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回日期和时间（<span
+lang=EN-US>ftime – Fetch time</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���·���ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>-ENOSYS</span>��ϵͳ���ú�������ʾ�ڱ��汾�ں��л�δʵ�֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下返回值是<span
+lang=EN-US>-ENOSYS</span>的系统调用函数均表示在本版本内核中还未实现。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_ftime</span></u>()</span></p>
@@ -24001,8 +24001,8 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOSYS</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڵ�ǰ���̶��ӽ��̽��е���<span
-lang=EN-US>(debugging)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用于当前进程对子进程进行调试<span
+lang=EN-US>(debugging)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_ptrace</span></u>()</span></p>
@@ -24016,7 +24016,7 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOSYS</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ı䲢��ӡ�ն������á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>改变并打印终端行设置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_stty</span></u>()</span></p>
@@ -24030,7 +24030,7 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOSYS</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>ȡ�ն���������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>取终端行设置信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_gtty</span></u>()</span></p>
@@ -24044,7 +24044,7 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOSYS</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�޸��ļ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>修改文件名。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_rename</span></u>()</span></p>
@@ -24102,40 +24102,40 @@ The general idea is that a program which uses just setregid() will be</i></b></s
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>BSD</span>��ʽ��ʵ�֣�û�п��Ǳ����<span lang=EN-US>gid</span>��<span lang=EN-US>saved
-gid</span>��<span lang=EN-US>sgid</span>�������˵���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>以下是<span
+lang=EN-US>BSD</span>形式的实现，没有考虑保存的<span lang=EN-US>gid</span>（<span lang=EN-US>saved
+gid</span>或<span lang=EN-US>sgid</span>），除了当你</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��������Ч��<span
-lang=EN-US>gid</span>��<span lang=EN-US>effective gid</span>��<span lang=EN-US>egid</span>��ʱ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>gid</span>Ҳ�ᱻ���á���ʹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>设置了有效的<span
+lang=EN-US>gid</span>（<span lang=EN-US>effective gid</span>或<span lang=EN-US>egid</span>）时，保存的<span
+lang=EN-US>gid</span>也会被设置。这使</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��һ��ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>setgid</span>�ĳ��������ȫ��������Ȩ�������ڶ�һ��������а�ȫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>得一个使用<span
+lang=EN-US>setgid</span>的程序可以完全放弃其特权。当你在对一个程序进行安全审</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ʱ����ͨ����һ�ֺܺõĴ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>计时，这通常是一种很好的处理方法。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������Ŀ�����һ��ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>setregid()</span>�ĳ��򽫻���<span lang=EN-US>BSD</span>ϵͳ<span
-lang=EN-US>100%</span>�ļ��ݡ���һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>最基本的考虑是一个使用<span
+lang=EN-US>setregid()</span>的程序将会与<span lang=EN-US>BSD</span>系统<span
+lang=EN-US>100%</span>的兼容。而一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>setgid()</span>�ͱ����<span lang=EN-US>gid</span>�ĳ��򽫻���<span
-lang=EN-US>POSIX 100%</span>�ļ��ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>个使用<span
+lang=EN-US>setgid()</span>和保存的<span lang=EN-US>gid</span>的程序将会与<span
+lang=EN-US>POSIX 100%</span>的兼容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���õ�ǰ�����ʵ���Լ�<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>������Ч��<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>��<span lang=EN-US>gid</span>�����������û�г����û���Ȩ����ôֻ�ܻ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置当前任务的实际以及<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>或者有效组<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>（<span lang=EN-US>gid</span>）。如果任务没有超级用户特权，那么只能互</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʵ����<span lang=EN-US>ID
-</span>����Ч��<span lang=EN-US> ID</span>�����������г����û���Ȩ����������������Ч�ĺ�ʵ�ʵ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>换其实际组<span lang=EN-US>ID
+</span>和有效组<span lang=EN-US> ID</span>。如果任务具有超级用户特权，就能任意设置有效的和实际的组</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ID</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>gid</span>��<span lang=EN-US>saved gid</span>�������ó�����Ч<span
-lang=EN-US>gid</span>��ʵ����<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>��ָ���̵�ǰ��<span lang=EN-US>gid</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ID</span>。保留的<span
+lang=EN-US>gid</span>（<span lang=EN-US>saved gid</span>）被设置成与有效<span
+lang=EN-US>gid</span>。实际组<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>是指进程当前的<span lang=EN-US>gid</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setregid</span></u>(int rgid, int egid)</span></p>
@@ -24206,22 +24206,22 @@ setgid() is implemeneted like SysV w/ SAVED_IDS </i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * setgid()</span>��ʵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>SAVED_IDS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SYSV</span>��ʵ�ַ������ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * setgid()</span>的实现与具有<span
+lang=EN-US>SAVED_IDS</span>的<span lang=EN-US>SYSV</span>的实现方法相似。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ý������<span
-lang=EN-US>(gid)</span>���������û�г����û���Ȩ��������ʹ�� <span lang=EN-US>setgid() </span>������Ч<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置进程组号<span
+lang=EN-US>(gid)</span>。如果任务没有超级用户特权，它可以使用 <span lang=EN-US>setgid() </span>将其有效<span
 lang=EN-US>gid</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>effective
-gid</span>������Ϊ���䱣��<span lang=EN-US>gid(saved gid)</span>����ʵ��<span lang=EN-US>gid(real
-gid)</span>���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（<span lang=EN-US>effective
+gid</span>）设置为成其保留<span lang=EN-US>gid(saved gid)</span>或其实际<span lang=EN-US>gid(real
+gid)</span>。如果任务</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�г����û���Ȩ����ʵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>gid</span>����Ч<span lang=EN-US>gid</span>�ͱ���<span lang=EN-US>gid</span>�������óɲ���ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>gid</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有超级用户特权，则实际<span
+lang=EN-US>gid</span>、有效<span lang=EN-US>gid</span>和保留<span lang=EN-US>gid</span>都被设置成参数指定的<span
+lang=EN-US>gid</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setgid</span></u>(int gid)</span></p>
@@ -24263,7 +24263,7 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>108</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�򿪻�رս��̼��ʹ��ܡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>打开或关闭进程计帐功能。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>109</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_acct</span></u>()</span></p>
@@ -24281,7 +24281,7 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ӳ�����������ڴ浽���̵������ַ�ռ䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>映射任意物理内存到进程的虚拟地址空间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_phys</span></u>()</span></p>
@@ -24347,21 +24347,21 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ش�<span lang=EN-US>
-1970</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>00:00:00 GMT </span>��ʼ��ʱ��ʱ��ֵ���룩�����<span lang=EN-US>tloc</span>��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>null</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回从<span lang=EN-US>
+1970</span>年<span lang=EN-US>1</span>月<span lang=EN-US>1</span>日<span
+lang=EN-US>00:00:00 GMT </span>开始计时的时间值（秒）。如果<span lang=EN-US>tloc</span>不为<span
+lang=EN-US>null</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ��ֵҲ�洢�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则时间值也存储在那里。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڲ�����һ��ָ�룬������ָλ�����û��ռ䣬�����Ҫʹ�ú���
-<span lang=EN-US>put_fs_long() </span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>由于参数是一个指针，而其所指位置在用户空间，因此需要使用函数
+<span lang=EN-US>put_fs_long() </span>来</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ʸ�ֵ���ڽ����ں�������ʱ���μĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>��Ĭ�ϵ�ָ��ǰ�û����ݿռ䡣��˸�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>访问该值。在进入内核中运行时，段寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>被默认地指向当前用户数据空间。因此该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ϳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>�������û��ռ��е�ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数就可利用<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>来访问用户空间中的值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_time</span></u>(long * tloc)</span></p>
@@ -24385,12 +24385,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (tloc) {</span></
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(tloc,4);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��֤�ڴ������Ƿ񹻣�������<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڣ���</p>
+// </span>验证内存容量是否够（这里是<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>put_fs_long</span></u>(i,(unsigned long *)tloc);&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����û����ݶ�<span lang=EN-US>tloc</span>����</p>
+// </span>放入用户数据段<span lang=EN-US>tloc</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
@@ -24451,42 +24451,42 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����Ȩ���û����Լ�ʵ�ʵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>uid</span>��<span lang=EN-US>real uid</span>���ĳ���Ч��<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>effective uid</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>无特权的用户可以见实际的<span
+lang=EN-US>uid</span>（<span lang=EN-US>real uid</span>）改成有效的<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>effective uid</span>），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��֮ҲȻ����<span
-lang=EN-US>BSD</span>��ʽ��ʵ�֣�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>反之也然。（<span
+lang=EN-US>BSD</span>形式的实现）</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����������Ч��<span
-lang=EN-US>uid </span>ʱ����ͬʱҲ�����˱����<span lang=EN-US> uid</span>����ʹ��һ��ʹ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>当你设置有效的<span
+lang=EN-US>uid </span>时，它同时也设置了保存的<span lang=EN-US> uid</span>。这使得一个使用<span
 lang=EN-US> setuid</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ĳ��������ȫ��������Ȩ�������ڶ�һ��������а�ȫ���ʱ����ͨ����һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>的程序可以完全放弃其特权。当你在对一个程序进行安全审计时，这通常是一种</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ܺõĴ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>很好的处理方法。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������Ŀ�����һ��ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US> setreuid()</span>�ĳ��򽫻���<span lang=EN-US> BSD</span>ϵͳ<span
-lang=EN-US>100%</span>�ļ��ݡ���һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>最基本的考虑是一个使用<span
+lang=EN-US> setreuid()</span>的程序将会与<span lang=EN-US> BSD</span>系统<span
+lang=EN-US>100%</span>的兼容。而一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>setuid()</span>�ͱ����<span lang=EN-US>gid</span>�ĳ��򽫻���<span
-lang=EN-US>POSIX 100%</span>�ļ��ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>个使用<span
+lang=EN-US>setuid()</span>和保存的<span lang=EN-US>gid</span>的程序将会与<span
+lang=EN-US>POSIX 100%</span>的兼容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ʵ���Լ�<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>������Ч���û�<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>��<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>�����������û�г����û���Ȩ����ôֻ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置任务的实际以及<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>或者有效的用户<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>（<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>）。如果任务没有超级用户特权，那么只能</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʵ�ʵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>uid </span>����Ч��<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>�����������г����û���Ȩ����������������Ч�ĺ�ʵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>互换其实际的<span
+lang=EN-US>uid </span>和有效的<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>。如果任务具有超级用户特权，就能任意设置有效的和实</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ʵ��û�<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>�������<span
-lang=EN-US>uid</span>��<span lang=EN-US>saved uid</span>�������ó�����Ч<span
-lang=EN-US>uid</span>ֵͬ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>际的用户<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>。保存的<span
+lang=EN-US>uid</span>（<span lang=EN-US>saved uid</span>）被设置成与有效<span
+lang=EN-US>uid</span>同值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setreuid</span></u>(int ruid,
@@ -24625,46 +24625,46 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * setuid()</span>��ʵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>SAVED_IDS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SYSV</span>��ʵ�ַ������ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * setuid()</span>的实现与具有<span
+lang=EN-US>SAVED_IDS</span>的<span lang=EN-US>SYSV</span>的实现方法相似。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ע��ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>SAVED_ID</span>��<span lang=EN-US>setuid()</span>��ĳЩ�����ǲ����Ƶġ����磬һ��ʹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>请注意使用<span
+lang=EN-US>SAVED_ID</span>的<span lang=EN-US>setuid()</span>在某些方面是不完善的。例如，一个使用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * setuid</span>�ĳ����û�����<span
-lang=EN-US>sendmail</span>������������<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>���ó�һ����ͨ�û���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * setuid</span>的超级用户程序<span
+lang=EN-US>sendmail</span>就做不到把其<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>设置成一个普通用户的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * uid</span>��Ȼ���ٽ��������� ��Ϊ�������һ�������û���<span
-lang=EN-US>setuid() </span>Ҳͬʱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * uid</span>，然后再交换回来。 因为如果你是一个超级用户，<span
+lang=EN-US>setuid() </span>也同时会</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ñ����<span
-lang=EN-US>uid</span>������㲻ϲ�������������Ļ��������<span lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>��ί���Լ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>设置保存的<span
+lang=EN-US>uid</span>。如果你不喜欢这样的做法的话，就责怪<span lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>组委会以及</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * /</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>USG</span>�еĴ����˰ɡ�������ע��<span lang=EN-US>BSD</span>��ʽ��<span
-lang=EN-US>setreuid()</span>ʵ���ܹ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * /</span>或者<span
+lang=EN-US>USG</span>中的聪明人吧。不过请注意<span lang=EN-US>BSD</span>形式的<span
+lang=EN-US>setreuid()</span>实现能够允许</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>һ�������û�������ʱ������Ȩ��������ͨ������ʵ�ʵĺ���Ч��<span
-lang=EN-US> uid </span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>一个超级用户程序临时放弃特权，并且能通过交换实际的和有效的<span
+lang=EN-US> uid </span>而</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ٴλ����Ȩ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>再次获得特权。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������û�<span
-lang=EN-US>ID</span>��<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>�����������û�г����û���Ȩ��������ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>setuid()</span>������Ч��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置任务用户<span
+lang=EN-US>ID</span>（<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>）。如果任务没有超级用户特权，它可以使用<span
+lang=EN-US>setuid()</span>将其有效的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // uid</span>��<span lang=EN-US>effective
-uid</span>�����ó��䱣���<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>��<span lang=EN-US>saved uid</span>������ʵ�ʵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>uid</span>��<span lang=EN-US>real uid</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // uid</span>（<span lang=EN-US>effective
+uid</span>）设置成其保存的<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>（<span lang=EN-US>saved uid</span>）或其实际的<span
+lang=EN-US>uid</span>（<span lang=EN-US>real uid</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������г����û���Ȩ����ʵ�ʵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>uid</span>����Ч��<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>�ͱ����<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>���ᱻ���óɲ���ָ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果任务有超级用户特权，则实际的<span
+lang=EN-US>uid</span>、有效的<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>和保存的<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>都会被设置成参数指</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定的<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>196</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setuid</span></u>(int uid)</span></p>
@@ -24707,23 +24707,23 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>206</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ϵͳ����ʱ�䡣����<span
-lang=EN-US>tptr</span>�Ǵ�<span lang=EN-US>1970</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>00:00:00 GMT</span>��ʼ��ʱ��ʱ��ֵ���룩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置系统开机时间。参数<span
+lang=EN-US>tptr</span>是从<span lang=EN-US>1970</span>年<span lang=EN-US>1</span>月<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>日<span lang=EN-US>00:00:00 GMT</span>开始计时的时间值（秒）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ý��̱�����г����û�Ȩ�ޡ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>HZ=100</span>�����ں�ϵͳ����Ƶ�ʡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>调用进程必须具有超级用户权限。其中<span
+lang=EN-US>HZ=100</span>，是内核系统运行频率。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڲ�����һ��ָ�룬������ָλ�����û��ռ䣬�����Ҫʹ�ú���<span
-lang=EN-US>get_fs_long()</span>�����ʸ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>由于参数是一个指针，而其所指位置在用户空间，因此需要使用函数<span
+lang=EN-US>get_fs_long()</span>来访问该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֵ���ڽ����ں�������ʱ���μĴ��� <span
-lang=EN-US>fs </span>��Ĭ�ϵ�ָ��ǰ�û����ݿռ䡣��˸ú����Ϳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>值。在进入内核中运行时，段寄存器 <span
+lang=EN-US>fs </span>被默认地指向当前用户数据空间。因此该函数就可利</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>�������û��ռ��е�ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>来访问用户空间中的值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ṩ�ĵ�ǰʱ��ֵ��ȥϵͳ�Ѿ����е�ʱ����ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>jiffies/HZ</span>�����ǿ���ʱ����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数参数提供的当前时间值减去系统已经运行的时间秒值（<span
+lang=EN-US>jiffies/HZ</span>）即是开机时间秒值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>207</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_stime</span></u>(long * tptr)</span></p>
@@ -24734,7 +24734,7 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>209</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!<u><span
 style='color:blue'>suser</span></u>())&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ǳ����û���������أ����ɣ���</p>
+// </span>如果不是超级用户则出错返回（许可）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>210</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -24759,14 +24759,14 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>215</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ��ǰ��������ʱ��ͳ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>获取当前任务运行时间统计值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>tbuf</span>��ָ�û����ݿռ䴦����<span
-lang=EN-US>tms</span>�ṹ����������ʱ��ͳ��ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>tms</span>�ṹ�а��������û�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在<span lang=EN-US>tbuf</span>所指用户数据空间处返回<span
+lang=EN-US>tms</span>结构的任务运行时间统计值。<span lang=EN-US>tms</span>结构中包括进程用户</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱ�䡢�ںˣ�ϵͳ��ʱ�䡢�ӽ����û�����ʱ�䡢�ӽ���ϵͳ����ʱ�䡣��������ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>运行时间、内核（系统）时间、子进程用户运行时间、子进程系统运行时间。函数返回值是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ���е���ǰ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统运行到当前的嘀嗒数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>216</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_times</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -24815,16 +24815,16 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>227</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>end_data_seg</span>��ֵ����������ϵͳȷʵ���㹻���ڴ棬���ҽ���û�г�Խ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当参数<span lang=EN-US>end_data_seg</span>数值合理，并且系统确实有足够的内存，而且进程没有超越其最大数据</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�δ�Сʱ���ú����������ݶ�ĩβΪ<span
-lang=EN-US>end_data_seg</span>ָ����ֵ����ֵ������ڴ����β����Ҫ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>段大小时，该函数设置数据段末尾为<span
+lang=EN-US>end_data_seg</span>指定的值。该值必须大于代码结尾并且要</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>С�ڶ�ջ��β<span
-lang=EN-US>16KB</span>������ֵ�����ݶε��½�βֵ���������ֵ��Ҫ��ֵ��ͬ��������д���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>小于堆栈结尾<span
+lang=EN-US>16KB</span>。返回值是数据段的新结尾值（如果返回值与要求值不同，则表明有错误</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ú����������û�ֱ�ӵ��ã�����<span
-lang=EN-US>libc</span>�⺯�����а�װ�����ҷ���ֵҲ��һ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>发生）。该函数并不被用户直接调用，而由<span
+lang=EN-US>libc</span>库函数进行包装，并且返回值也不一样。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_brk</span></u>(unsigned long
@@ -24833,8 +24833,8 @@ end_data_seg)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>229</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ֵ���ڴ����β������С�ڣ���ջ<span
-lang=EN-US> - 16KB</span>���������������ݶν�βֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果参数值大于代码结尾，并且小于（堆栈<span
+lang=EN-US> - 16KB</span>），则设置新数据段结尾值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>230</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (end_data_seg
@@ -24853,7 +24853,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>233</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>brk</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���ؽ��̵�ǰ�����ݶν�βֵ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>返回进程当前的数据段结尾值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>234</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -24895,43 +24895,43 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���������ҪĳЩ�ϸ�ļ��<span
-lang=EN-US>��</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面代码需要某些严格的检查<span
+lang=EN-US>…</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ֻ��û��θ��������Щ����Ҳ����ȫ����<span
-lang=EN-US>sessions/pgrp</span>�ȵĺ��塣������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>我只是没有胃口来做这些。我也不完全明白<span
+lang=EN-US>sessions/pgrp</span>等的含义。还是让</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�˽����ǵ��������ɡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>了解它们的人来做吧。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>���������Ѿ���ȷ��ʵ���˱�������<span
-lang=EN-US>...</span>����֮������ʵֻ�Զ��û�ϵͳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>，我想我已经正确地实现了保护语义<span
+lang=EN-US>...</span>。总之，这其实只对多用户系统是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Ҫ�ģ���ȷ��һ���û������������û��Ľ��̷����źš�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>重要的，以确定一个用户不能向其他用户的进程发送信号。<span
 lang=EN-US> -TYT 12/12/91</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ������<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>�Ľ������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>pgid</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置指定进程<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>的进程组号为<span lang=EN-US>pgid</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>pid
-</span>��ָ�����̵Ľ��̺š������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>���ڵ�ǰ���̵Ľ��̺š�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>pid
+</span>是指定进程的进程号。如果它为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则让<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>等于当前进程的进程号。参数<span
 lang=EN-US>pgid</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ���Ľ�����š������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����������ڽ���<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>�Ľ�����š�����ú������ڽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是指定的进程组号。如果它为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则让它等于进程<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>的进程组号。如果该函数用于将进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ���������Ƶ���һ�������飬���������������������ͬһ���Ự<span
-lang=EN-US>(session)</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从一个进程组移到另一个进程组，则这两个进程组必须属于同一个会话<span
+lang=EN-US>(session)</span>。在这种</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����£�����<span
-lang=EN-US>pgid </span>ָ����Ҫ��������н�����<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>����ʱ����ĻỰ<span
-lang=EN-US>ID</span>�����뽫Ҫ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>情况下，参数<span
+lang=EN-US>pgid </span>指定了要加入的现有进程组<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>，此时该组的会话<span
+lang=EN-US>ID</span>必须与将要加入进</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�̵���ͬ<span lang=EN-US>(263</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程的相同<span lang=EN-US>(263</span>行<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>245</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setpgid</span></u>(int pid, int
@@ -24946,15 +24946,15 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i; </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>248</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>ȡֵΪ��ǰ���̵Ľ��̺�<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>���������<span
-lang=EN-US>pgid</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����<span lang=EN-US>pgid</span>Ҳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果参数<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>取值为当前进程的进程号<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>。如果参数<span
+lang=EN-US>pgid</span>为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则<span lang=EN-US>pgid</span>也</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡֵΪ��ǰ���̵�<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>��<span lang=EN-US>[?? </span>������<span lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>��׼�������г���<span
-lang=EN-US> ]</span>����<span lang=EN-US> pgid</span>С��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���򷵻�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取值为当前进程的<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>。<span lang=EN-US>[?? </span>这里与<span lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>标准的描述有出入<span
+lang=EN-US> ]</span>。若<span lang=EN-US> pgid</span>小于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则返回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ч�����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>无效错误码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>249</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!pid)</span></p>
@@ -24977,20 +24977,20 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (pgid &lt; 0)</sp
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɨ���������飬����ָ�����̺�<span
-lang=EN-US> pid </span>����������ҵ��˽��̺���<span lang=EN-US>pid </span>�Ľ��̣����Ҹý���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扫描任务数组，查找指定进程号<span
+lang=EN-US> pid </span>的任务。如果找到了进程号是<span lang=EN-US>pid </span>的进程，并且该进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ĸ����̾��ǵ�ǰ���̻��߸ý��̾��ǵ�ǰ���̣���ô���������Ѿ��ǻỰ���죬��������ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的父进程就是当前进程或者该进程就是当前进程，那么若该任务已经是会话首领，则出错返回。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ĻỰ�ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>session</span>���뵱ǰ���̵Ĳ�ͬ������ָ���Ľ������<span lang=EN-US>pgid</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>��ͬ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若该任务的会话号（<span
+lang=EN-US>session</span>）与当前进程的不同，或者指定的进程组号<span lang=EN-US>pgid</span>与<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>不同并且</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pgid </span>�����������Ự���뵱ǰ���������Ự�Ų�ͬ����Ҳ�������ء�
-����Ѳ��ҵ��Ľ��̵�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pgid </span>进程组所属会话号与当前进程所属会话号不同，则也出错返回。
+否则把查找到的进程的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pgrp</span>����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>pgid</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����û���ҵ�ָ��<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>�Ľ��̣��򷵻ؽ��̲����ڳ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pgrp</span>设置为<span
+lang=EN-US>pgid</span>，并返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。若没有找到指定<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>的进程，则返回进程不存在出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>255</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0 ; i&lt;<u><span
@@ -25059,8 +25059,8 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>270</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ص�ǰ���̵Ľ�����š���<span
-lang=EN-US>getpgid(0)</span>��ͬ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回当前进程的进程组号。与<span
+lang=EN-US>getpgid(0)</span>等同。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>271</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getpgrp</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -25078,17 +25078,17 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>275</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һ���Ự<span
-lang=EN-US>(session)</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>leader=1</span>��������������Ự��<span
-lang=EN-US>=</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>=</span>����̺š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>创建一个会话<span
+lang=EN-US>(session)</span>（即设置其<span lang=EN-US>leader=1</span>），并且设置其会话号<span
+lang=EN-US>=</span>其组号<span lang=EN-US>=</span>其进程号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ�������ǻỰ���첢�Ҳ��ǳ����û�����������ء��������õ�ǰ����Ϊ�»Ự</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前进程已是会话首领并且不是超级用户，则出错返回。否则设置当前进程为新会话</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���죨<span lang=EN-US>leader
-= 1</span>�����������õ�ǰ���̻Ự�� <span lang=EN-US>session</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>�����ڽ��̺�<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首领（<span lang=EN-US>leader
+= 1</span>），并且设置当前进程会话号 <span lang=EN-US>session</span>和组号<span lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>都等于进程号<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������õ�ǰ����û�п����նˡ����ϵͳ���÷��ػỰ�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>而且设置当前进程没有控制终端。最后系统调用返回会话号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>276</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setsid</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -25117,7 +25117,7 @@ style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;session = <u><span style='color:blue'>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>282</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;tty = -1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʾ��ǰ����û�п����նˡ�</p>
+// </span>表示当前进程没有控制终端。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>283</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return <u><span
@@ -25140,22 +25140,22 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���̵������û���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>进程的其他用户组号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��ǰ�������������û���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取当前进程其他辅助用户组号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ݽṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>groups[]</span>���鱣���Ž���ͬʱ�����Ķ���û���š������鹲<span lang=EN-US>NGROUPS</span>���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>任务数据结构中<span
+lang=EN-US>groups[]</span>数组保存着进程同时所属的多个用户组号。该数组共<span lang=EN-US>NGROUPS</span>个项，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ĳ���ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>NOGROUP</span>����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US> -1</span>�������ʾ�Ӹ��ʼ�Ժ���������С������������б�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若某项的值是<span
+lang=EN-US>NOGROUP</span>（即为<span lang=EN-US> -1</span>），则表示从该项开始以后所有项都空闲。否则数组项中保</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������û���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>存的是用户组号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>gidsetsize</span>�ǻ�ȡ���û���Ÿ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>grouplist</span>�Ǵ洢��Щ�û���ŵ��û��ռ仺�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>gidsetsize</span>是获取的用户组号个数；<span
+lang=EN-US>grouplist</span>是存储这些用户组号的用户空间缓存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>289</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getgroups</span></u>(int
@@ -25171,19 +25171,19 @@ int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>292</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������֤<span lang=EN-US>grouplist</span>ָ����ָ���û�����ռ��Ƿ��㹻��Ȼ��ӵ�ǰ���̽ṹ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先验证<span lang=EN-US>grouplist</span>指针所指的用户缓存空间是否足够，然后从当前进程结构的<span
 lang=EN-US>groups[]</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ȡ���û���Ų����Ƶ��û������С��ڸ��ƹ����У����<span
-lang=EN-US> groups[] </span>�е�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数组中逐个取得用户组号并复制到用户缓存中。在复制过程中，如果<span
+lang=EN-US> groups[] </span>中的项数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڸ����Ĳ���<span
-lang=EN-US> gidsetsize </span>��ָ���ĸ��������ʾ�û������Ļ���̫С���������µ�ǰ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>大于给定的参数<span
+lang=EN-US> gidsetsize </span>所指定的个数，则表示用户给出的缓存太小，不能容下当前</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ţ���˴˴�ȡ��Ų�����������ء������ƹ����������������᷵�ظ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程所有组号，因此此次取组号操作会出错返回。若复制过程正常，则函数最后会返回复</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƶ��û���Ÿ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>gidsetsize �C gid set size</span>���û���ż���С����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>制的用户组号个数。（<span
+lang=EN-US>gidsetsize – gid set size</span>，用户组号集大小）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>293</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (gidsetsize)</span></p>
@@ -25232,7 +25232,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>304</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return(i);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʵ�ʺ��е��û���Ÿ�����</p>
+// </span>返回实际含有的用户组号个数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>305</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -25240,10 +25240,10 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>306</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���õ�ǰ����ͬʱ���������������û���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置当前进程同时所属的其他辅助用户组号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>gidsetsize</span>�ǽ����õ��û���Ÿ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>grouplist</span>�Ǻ����û���ŵ��û��ռ仺�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>gidsetsize</span>是将设置的用户组号个数；<span
+lang=EN-US>grouplist</span>是含有用户组号的用户空间缓存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>307</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setgroups</span></u>(int
@@ -25259,16 +25259,16 @@ int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>310</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ȳ�Ȩ�޺Ͳ�������Ч�ԡ�ֻ�г����û������޸Ļ����õ�ǰ���̵ĸ����û���ţ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先查权限和参数的有效性。只有超级用户可以修改或设置当前进程的辅助用户组号，而且</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���õ��������ܳ������̵�<span
-lang=EN-US>groups[NGROUPS]</span>�����������Ȼ����û���������������û�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置的项数不能超过进程的<span
+lang=EN-US>groups[NGROUPS]</span>数组的容量。然后从用户缓冲中逐个复制用户</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ţ���<span lang=EN-US>gidsetsize</span>����������Ƶĸ���û������<span
-lang=EN-US>groups[]</span>���������һ��������ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>-1</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>组号，共<span lang=EN-US>gidsetsize</span>个。如果复制的个数没有填满<span
+lang=EN-US>groups[]</span>，则在随后一项上填上值为<span lang=EN-US>-1</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>NOGROUP</span>�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的项（<span lang=EN-US>NOGROUP</span>）。最后函数返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>311</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!<u><span
@@ -25316,8 +25316,8 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>322</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��鵱ǰ�����Ƿ���ָ�����û���<span
-lang=EN-US>grp</span>�С����򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>检查当前进程是否在指定的用户组<span
+lang=EN-US>grp</span>中。是则返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，否则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>323</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>in_group_p</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -25333,15 +25333,15 @@ int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>326</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ���̵���Ч��ž���<span
-lang=EN-US>grp</span>�����ʾ��������<span lang=EN-US>grp</span>�����顣��������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前进程的有效组号就是<span
+lang=EN-US>grp</span>，则表示进程属于<span lang=EN-US>grp</span>进程组。函数返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。否则就在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̵ĸ����û���������ɨ���Ƿ���<span
-lang=EN-US> grp </span>������š���������Ҳ����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����ɨ�赽ֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程的辅助用户组数组中扫描是否有<span
+lang=EN-US> grp </span>进程组号。若有则函数也返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。若扫描到值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>
-NOGROUP </span>�����ʾ��ɨ����ȫ����Ч���û�з���ƥ�����ţ���˺�������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为<span lang=EN-US>
+NOGROUP </span>的项，表示已扫描完全部有效项而没有发现匹配的组号，因此函数返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>327</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (grp == <u><span
@@ -25387,20 +25387,20 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>338</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // utsname</span>�ṹ����һЩ�ַ����ֶΡ����ڱ���ϵͳ�����ơ����а���<span
-lang=EN-US>5</span>���ֶΣ��ֱ��ǣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // utsname</span>结构含有一些字符串字段。用于保存系统的名称。其中包含<span
+lang=EN-US>5</span>个字段，分别是：</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ����ϵͳ�����ơ�����ڵ����ƣ�������������ǰ����ϵͳ���м��𡢲���ϵͳ�汾</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前操作系统的名称、网络节点名称（主机名）、当前操作系统发行级别、操作系统版本</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Լ�ϵͳ���е�Ӳ���������ơ��ýṹ������<span
-lang=EN-US> include/sys/utsname.h </span>�ļ��С� ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号以及系统运行的硬件类型名称。该结构定义在<span
+lang=EN-US> include/sys/utsname.h </span>文件中。 这里</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں�ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>
-include/linux/config.h </span>�ļ��еĳ����������������ǵ�Ĭ��ֵ�����Ƿֱ�Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核使用<span lang=EN-US>
+include/linux/config.h </span>文件中的常数符号设置了它们的默认值。它们分别为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ��Linux</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>(none)</span>������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span lang=EN-US>0.12</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>i386</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // “Linux</span>”，“<span
+lang=EN-US>(none)</span>”，“<span lang=EN-US>0</span>”，“<span lang=EN-US>0.12</span>”，“<span
+lang=EN-US>i386</span>”。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>339</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>utsname</span></u> <u><span
@@ -25418,7 +25418,7 @@ lang=EN-US> };</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>342</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡϵͳ���Ƶ���Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>获取系统名称等信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>343</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_uname</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -25471,16 +25471,16 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ͨ������<span
-lang=EN-US>uname()</span>ֻ��ʵ��<span lang=EN-US>sethostname</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>gethostname</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>通过调用<span
+lang=EN-US>uname()</span>只能实现<span lang=EN-US>sethostname</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>gethostname</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ϵͳ��������ϵͳ������ڵ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置系统主机名（系统的网络节点名）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>name</span>ָ��ָ���û��������к����������ַ����Ļ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>len</span>���������ַ������ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>name</span>指针指向用户数据区中含有主机名字符串的缓冲区；<span
+lang=EN-US>len</span>是主机名字符串长度。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>357</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_sethostname</span></u>(char
@@ -25496,8 +25496,8 @@ int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>360</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ������ֻ���ɳ����û����û��޸ģ��������������Ȳ��ܳ�����󳤶�<span
-lang=EN-US>MAXHOSTNAMELEN</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统主机名只能由超级用户设置或修改，并且主机名长度不能超过最大长度<span
+lang=EN-US>MAXHOSTNAMELEN</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>361</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!<u><span
@@ -25531,16 +25531,16 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>368</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڸ�����Ϻ�����û��ṩ���ַ�����û�а���<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�ַ�����ô�����Ƶ����������Ȼ�û��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在复制完毕后，如果用户提供的字符串中没有包含<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>字符，那么若复制的主机名长度还没有</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>
-MAXHOSTNAMELEN</span>�������������ַ���������һ��<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�����Ѿ�����<span
-lang=EN-US> MAXHOSTNAMELEN</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>超过<span lang=EN-US>
+MAXHOSTNAMELEN</span>，则在主机名字符串后添加一个<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。若已经填满<span
+lang=EN-US> MAXHOSTNAMELEN</span>个字</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������һ���ַ��ĳ�<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>thisname.nodename[min(i,MAXHOSTNAMELEN)]
-= 0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符，则把最后一个字符改成<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>字符。即<span lang=EN-US>thisname.nodename[min(i,MAXHOSTNAMELEN)]
+= 0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>369</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if (<u><span
@@ -25564,31 +25564,31 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>374</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��ǰ����ָ����Դ�Ľ���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取当前进程指定资源的界限值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̵�����ṹ�ж�����һ������<span
-lang=EN-US>rlim[RLIM_NLIMITS]</span>�����ڿ��ƽ���ʹ��ϵͳ��Դ�Ľ��ޡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程的任务结构中定义有一个数组<span
+lang=EN-US>rlim[RLIM_NLIMITS]</span>，用于控制进程使用系统资源的界限。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ÿ������һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>rlimit </span>�ṹ�����а��������ֶΡ� һ��˵�����̶�ָ����Դ�ĵ�ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数组每个项是一个<span
+lang=EN-US>rlimit </span>结构，其中包含两个字段。 一个说明进程对指定资源的当前限制</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ޣ�<span lang=EN-US>soft
-limit</span>���������ƣ�����һ��˵��ϵͳ��ָ����Դ��������ƽ��ޣ�<span lang=EN-US>hard limit</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>界限（<span lang=EN-US>soft
+limit</span>，即软限制），另一个说明系统对指定资源的最大限制界限（<span lang=EN-US>hard limit</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӳ���ƣ���<span
-lang=EN-US> rlim[] </span>�����ÿһ���Ӧϵͳ�Ե�ǰ����һ����Դ�Ľ�����Ϣ��<span lang=EN-US>Linux 0.12</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即硬限制）。<span
+lang=EN-US> rlim[] </span>数组的每一项对应系统对当前进程一种资源的界限信息。<span lang=EN-US>Linux 0.12</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ����<span lang=EN-US>6</span>����Դ�涨�˽��ޣ���<span
-lang=EN-US>RLIM_NLIMITS=6</span>����ο�ͷ�ļ�<span lang=EN-US>include/sys/resource.h</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统共对<span lang=EN-US>6</span>种资源规定了界限，即<span
+lang=EN-US>RLIM_NLIMITS=6</span>。请参考头文件<span lang=EN-US>include/sys/resource.h</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�е�<span lang=EN-US>41 ��
-46</span>�е�˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中第<span lang=EN-US>41 —
+46</span>行的说明。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>
-resource </span>ָ��������ѯ����Դ���ƣ�ʵ������������ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>rlim[]</span>�����������ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>
+resource </span>指定我们咨询的资源名称，实际上它是任务结构中<span lang=EN-US>rlim[]</span>数组的索引项值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>rlim</span>��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>rlimit</span>�ṹ���û�������ָ�룬���ڴ��ȡ�õ���Դ������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>rlim</span>是指向<span
+lang=EN-US>rlimit</span>结构的用户缓冲区指针，用于存放取得的资源界限信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>375</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getrlimit</span></u>(int
@@ -25597,14 +25597,14 @@ resource, struct <u><span style='color:blue'>rlimit</span></u> *rlim)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>376</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ѯ����Դ<span
-lang=EN-US>resource</span>ʵ�����ǽ�������ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>rlim[]</span>�����������ֵ��������ֵ��Ȼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>所咨询的资源<span
+lang=EN-US>resource</span>实际上是进程任务结构中<span lang=EN-US>rlim[]</span>数组的索引项值。该索引值当然不能</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������������<span
-lang=EN-US> RLIM_NLIMITS</span>������֤��<span lang=EN-US> rlim </span>ָ����ָ�û������㹻�Ժ�����Ͱ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>大于数组的最大项数<span
+lang=EN-US> RLIM_NLIMITS</span>。在验证过<span lang=EN-US> rlim </span>指针所指用户缓冲足够以后，这里就把</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ������Դ<span
-lang=EN-US>resource</span>�ṹ��Ϣ���Ƶ��û������У�������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数指定的资源<span
+lang=EN-US>resource</span>结构信息复制到用户缓冲中，并返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>377</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (resource &gt;= <u><span
@@ -25621,7 +25621,7 @@ style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(rlim,sizeof *rlim);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>380</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>put_fs_long</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;rlim[resource].rlim_cur,
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��ǰ����������ֵ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>当前（软）限制值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>381</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(unsigned
@@ -25630,7 +25630,7 @@ long *) rlim);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>382</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>put_fs_long</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;rlim[resource].rlim_max,
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ϵͳ��Ӳ������ֵ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>系统（硬）限制值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>383</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -25646,13 +25646,13 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>386</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���õ�ǰ����ָ����Դ�Ľ���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置当前进程指定资源的界限值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>
-resource </span>ָ���������ý��޵���Դ���ƣ�ʵ������������ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>rlim[]</span>���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>
+resource </span>指定我们设置界限的资源名称，实际上它是任务结构中<span lang=EN-US>rlim[]</span>数组的索引</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֵ������<span lang=EN-US>rlim</span>��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>rlimit</span>�ṹ���û�������ָ�룬�����ں˶�ȡ�µ���Դ������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>项值。参数<span lang=EN-US>rlim</span>是指向<span
+lang=EN-US>rlimit</span>结构的用户缓冲区指针，用于内核读取新的资源界限信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>387</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setrlimit</span></u>(int
@@ -25668,23 +25668,23 @@ style='color:blue'>rlimit</span></u> new, *old;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>390</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ���<span
-lang=EN-US>resource</span>������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>rlim[]</span>������ֵ����Ч�ԡ�Ȼ������<span
-lang=EN-US>rlimit</span>�ṹָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数<span
+lang=EN-US>resource</span>（任务结构<span lang=EN-US>rlim[]</span>项索引值）有效性。然后先让<span
+lang=EN-US>rlimit</span>结构指针</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // old</span>ָ��ָ��������ṹ��ָ����Դ�ĵ�ǰ<span
-lang=EN-US>rlimit</span>�ṹ��Ϣ�����Ű��û��ṩ����Դ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // old</span>指向指进程任务结构中指定资源的当前<span
+lang=EN-US>rlimit</span>结构信息。接着把用户提供的资源界限</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϣ���Ƶ���ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>rlimit</span>�ṹ<span lang=EN-US>new</span>�С���ʱ����жϳ�<span lang=EN-US>new</span>�ṹ�е�������ֵ��Ӳ����ֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信息复制到临时<span
+lang=EN-US>rlimit</span>结构<span lang=EN-US>new</span>中。此时如果判断出<span lang=EN-US>new</span>结构中的软界限值或硬界限值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڽ��̸���ԴԭӲ����ֵ�����ҵ�ǰ���ǳ����û��Ļ����ͷ������ɴ��������ʾ<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>大于进程该资源原硬界限值，并且当前不是超级用户的话，就返回许可错。否则表示<span
 lang=EN-US>new</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ϣ�������߽����ǳ����û����̣����޸�ԭ����ָ����Դ��Ϣ����<span
-lang=EN-US>new</span>�ṹ�е���Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中信息合理或者进程是超级用户进程，则修改原进程指定资源信息等于<span
+lang=EN-US>new</span>结构中的信息，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ɹ�����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并成功返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>391</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (resource &gt;= <u><span
@@ -25697,7 +25697,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>393</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; old = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;rlim + resource;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>old = current-&gt;rlim[resource]</span>��</p>
+// </span>即<span lang=EN-US>old = current-&gt;rlim[resource]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>394</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; new.rlim_cur = <u><span
@@ -25766,31 +25766,31 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>rusuage</span>�ṹ�Ž�����ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task struct</span>����ǡ���ģ���������ʹ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>把<span
+lang=EN-US>rusuage</span>结构放进任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task struct</span>中是恰当的，除非它会使任务</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ṹ���ȱ�÷ǳ����ڰ�����ṹ�����ں�<span
-lang=EN-US>malloc</span>������ڴ���֮��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>结构长度变得非常大。在把任务结构移入内核<span
+lang=EN-US>malloc</span>分配的内存中之后，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��������ʹ����ṹ�ܴ�Ҳû�����ˡ��⽫ʹ��������Ϣ���ƶ���÷ǳ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>这样做即使任务结构很大也没问题了。这将使得其余信息的移动变得非常</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���㣡�����ǻ�û������������Ϊ���ǻ�û�в��Թ����ǵĴ�С����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>方便！（我们还没有这样做，因为我们还没有测试过它们的大小）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡָ�����̵���Դ������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>获取指定进程的资源利用信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ϵͳ�����ṩ��ǰ���̻�������ֹ�ĺ͵ȴ��ŵ��ӽ�����Դʹ��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>who</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>本系统调用提供当前进程或其已终止的和等待着的子进程资源使用情况。如果参数<span
+lang=EN-US>who</span>等于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // RUSAGE_SELF</span>���򷵻ص�ǰ���̵���Դ������Ϣ�����ָ������<span
-lang=EN-US>who </span>��<span lang=EN-US> RUSAGE_CHILDREN</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // RUSAGE_SELF</span>，则返回当前进程的资源利用信息。如果指定进程<span
+lang=EN-US>who </span>是<span lang=EN-US> RUSAGE_CHILDREN</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�򷵻ص�ǰ���̵�����ֹ�͵ȴ��ŵ��ӽ�����Դ������Ϣ��
-���ų���<span lang=EN-US>RUSAGE_SELF </span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则返回当前进程的已终止和等待着的子进程资源利用信息。
+符号常数<span lang=EN-US>RUSAGE_SELF </span>和</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // RUSAGE_CHILDREN </span>�Լ�<span
-lang=EN-US> rusage</span>�ṹ��������<span lang=EN-US> include/sys/resource.h</span>ͷ�ļ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // RUSAGE_CHILDREN </span>以及<span
+lang=EN-US> rusage</span>结构都定义在<span lang=EN-US> include/sys/resource.h</span>头文件中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>412</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getrusage</span></u>(int who,
@@ -25810,14 +25810,14 @@ long&nbsp;&nbsp; *lp, *lpend, *dest;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>416</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ���ָ�����̵���Ч�ԡ����<span
-lang=EN-US>who</span>�Ȳ���<span lang=EN-US>RUSAGE_SELF</span>��ָ����ǰ���̣���Ҳ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数指定进程的有效性。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>who</span>既不是<span lang=EN-US>RUSAGE_SELF</span>（指定当前进程），也不是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // RUSAGE_CHILDREN </span>��ָ���ӽ��̣���������Ч�����뷵�ء���������֤��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ru </span>ָ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // RUSAGE_CHILDREN </span>（指定子进程），则以无效参数码返回。否则在验证了指针<span
+lang=EN-US>ru </span>指定的用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������󣬰���ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US> rusage</span>�ṹ����<span lang=EN-US>r</span>���㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>户缓冲区域后，把临时<span
+lang=EN-US> rusage</span>结构区域<span lang=EN-US>r</span>清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>417</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (who != <u><span
@@ -25835,22 +25835,22 @@ style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(ru, sizeof *ru);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>420</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>memset</span></u>((char *) &amp;r, 0, sizeof(r));&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>include/strings.h</span>�ļ����</p>
+// </span>在<span lang=EN-US>include/strings.h</span>文件最后。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>who
-</span>��<span lang=EN-US>RUSAGE_SELF</span>�����Ƶ�ǰ������Դ������Ϣ��<span lang=EN-US>r</span>�ṹ�С���ָ������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若参数<span lang=EN-US>who
+</span>是<span lang=EN-US>RUSAGE_SELF</span>，则复制当前进程资源利用信息到<span lang=EN-US>r</span>结构中。若指定进程<span
 lang=EN-US>who</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>RUSAGE_CHILDREN</span>��
-���Ƶ�ǰ���̵�����ֹ�͵ȴ��ŵ��ӽ�����Դ������Ϣ����ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是<span lang=EN-US>RUSAGE_CHILDREN</span>，
+则复制当前进程的已终止和等待着的子进程资源利用信息到临时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // rusuage</span>�ṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>r</span>�С���<span lang=EN-US>CT_TO_SECS </span>��<span lang=EN-US>CT_TO_USECS</span>���ڰ�ϵͳ��ǰ�����ת��������ֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // rusuage</span>结构<span
+lang=EN-US>r</span>中。宏<span lang=EN-US>CT_TO_SECS </span>和<span lang=EN-US>CT_TO_USECS</span>用于把系统当前嘀嗒数转换成用秒值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��΢��ֵ��ʾ�����Ƕ�����<span
-lang=EN-US> include/linux/sched.h </span>�ļ��С�<span lang=EN-US> jiffies_offset</span>��ϵͳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>加微秒值表示。它们定义在<span
+lang=EN-US> include/linux/sched.h </span>文件中。<span lang=EN-US> jiffies_offset</span>是系统</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>嘀嗒数误差调整数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>421</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (who == <u><span
@@ -25902,12 +25902,12 @@ style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;cstime);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>431</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����<span lang=EN-US>lp</span>ָ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>r</span>�ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>lpend</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>r</span>�ṹĩβ������<span
-lang=EN-US>dest</span>ָ��ָ���û��ռ��е�<span lang=EN-US>ru</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后让<span lang=EN-US>lp</span>指针指向<span
+lang=EN-US>r</span>结构，<span lang=EN-US>lpend</span>指向<span lang=EN-US>r</span>结构末尾处，而<span
+lang=EN-US>dest</span>指针指向用户空间中的<span lang=EN-US>ru</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ṹ������<span
-lang=EN-US>r</span>����Ϣ���Ƶ��û��ռ�<span lang=EN-US>ru</span>�ṹ�У�������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>结构。最后把<span
+lang=EN-US>r</span>中信息复制到用户空间<span lang=EN-US>ru</span>结构中，并返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>432</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; lp = (unsigned long
@@ -25938,20 +25938,20 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>439</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��ϵͳ��ǰʱ�䣬����ָ����ʽ���ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取得系统当前时间，并用指定格式返回。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // timeval</span>�ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>timezone</span>�ṹ��������<span lang=EN-US>include/sys/time.h</span>�ļ��С�<span
-lang=EN-US>timeval</span>�ṹ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // timeval</span>结构和<span
+lang=EN-US>timezone</span>结构都定义在<span lang=EN-US>include/sys/time.h</span>文件中。<span
+lang=EN-US>timeval</span>结构含有秒</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��΢�루<span lang=EN-US>tv_sec</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>tv_usec</span>�������ֶΡ�<span lang=EN-US>timezone</span>�ṹ���б��ؾ�������α�׼ʱ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和微秒（<span lang=EN-US>tv_sec</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>tv_usec</span>）两个字段。<span lang=EN-US>timezone</span>结构含有本地距格林尼治标准时间以西</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ķ�������<span lang=EN-US>tz_minuteswest</span>��������ʱ��������ͣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>tz_dsttime</span>�������ֶΡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的分钟数（<span lang=EN-US>tz_minuteswest</span>）和夏令时间调整类型（<span
+lang=EN-US>tz_dsttime</span>）两个字段。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>dst
--- Daylight Savings Time</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（<span lang=EN-US>dst
+-- Daylight Savings Time</span>）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>440</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_gettimeofday</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -25961,19 +25961,19 @@ style='color:blue'>timeval</span></u> *tv, struct <u><span style='color:blue'>ti
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>441</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>timeval</span>�ṹָ�벻�գ����ڸýṹ�з��ص�ǰʱ�䣨��ֵ��΢��ֵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果参数给定的<span
+lang=EN-US>timeval</span>结构指针不空，则在该结构中返回当前时间（秒值和微秒值）；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������������û����ݿռ���<span
-lang=EN-US> timezone</span>�ṹ��ָ�벻�գ���Ҳ���ظýṹ����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果参数给定的用户数据空间中<span
+lang=EN-US> timezone</span>结构的指针不空，则也返回该结构的信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>startup_time</span>��ϵͳ����ʱ�䣨��ֵ����
-��<span lang=EN-US>CT_TO_SECS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>CT_TO_USECS</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程序中<span lang=EN-US>startup_time</span>是系统开机时间（秒值）。
+宏<span lang=EN-US>CT_TO_SECS</span>和<span lang=EN-US>CT_TO_USECS</span>用于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ϵͳ��ǰ�����ת��������ֵ��΢��ֵ��ʾ�����Ƕ�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把系统当前嘀嗒数转换成用秒值加微秒值表示。它们定义在<span
 lang=EN-US>include/linux/sched.h</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ��С�<span lang=EN-US>jiffies_offset</span>��ϵͳ���������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件中。<span lang=EN-US>jiffies_offset</span>是系统嘀嗒数误差调整数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>442</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (tv) {</span></p>
@@ -26070,31 +26070,31 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������ʱ����<span lang=EN-US>timezone</span>��ʱ�����ǻ�ı�ʱ��ֵ����ϵͳʹ�ø���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>在第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>次设置时区（<span lang=EN-US>timezone</span>）时，我们会改变时钟值以让系统使用格林</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���α�׼ʱ�䣨<span
-lang=EN-US>GMT</span>�����У�����ʹ�ñ���ʱ�䡣 �Ʋ�����˵�����ĳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>尼治标准时间（<span
+lang=EN-US>GMT</span>）运行，而非使用本地时间。 推测起来说，如果某人</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������ʱ��ʱ�䣬��ô���Ǿ������ڳ���֪��ʱ��ʱ��Ļ����С�����ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>设置了时区时间，那么我们就运行在程序知晓时区时间的环境中。设置时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������Ӧ����ϵͳ�����׶Σ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>/etc/rc</span>�ű������н��С�����ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>区操作应该在系统启动阶段，尽快地在<span
+lang=EN-US>/etc/rc</span>脚本程序中进行。这样时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ӾͿ���������ȷ�� ����Ļ����������Ժ������ʱ��������ʱ��ʱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>钟就可以设置正确。 否则的话，若我们以后才设置时区而导致时钟时间</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ı䣬���ܻ���һЩ��������г������⡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>改变，可能会让一些程序的运行出现问题。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ϵͳ��ǰʱ�䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置系统当前时间。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>tv</span>��ָ���û���������<span
-lang=EN-US>timeval</span>�ṹ��Ϣ��ָ�롣����<span lang=EN-US>tz</span>���û���������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>tv</span>是指向用户数据区中<span
+lang=EN-US>timeval</span>结构信息的指针。参数<span lang=EN-US>tz</span>是用户数据区中<span
 lang=EN-US>timezone</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ṹ��ָ�롣�ò�����Ҫ�����û�Ȩ�ޡ�������߽�Ϊ�գ���ʲôҲ��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>结构的指针。该操作需要超级用户权限。如果两者皆为空，则什么也不做，函数返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>466</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_settimeofday</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -26116,14 +26116,14 @@ style='color:blue'>adjust_clock</span></u>();</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>470</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ϵͳ��ǰʱ����Ҫ�����û�Ȩ�ޡ����<span
-lang=EN-US>tz</span>ָ�벻�գ�������ϵͳʱ����Ϣ���������û�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置系统当前时间需要超级用户权限。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>tz</span>指针不空，则设置系统时区信息。即复制用户</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // timezone</span>�ṹ��Ϣ��ϵͳ�е�<span
-lang=EN-US> sys_tz</span>�ṹ�У�����<span lang=EN-US>24</span>�У�������ǵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ε��ñ�ϵͳ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // timezone</span>结构信息到系统中的<span
+lang=EN-US> sys_tz</span>结构中（见第<span lang=EN-US>24</span>行）。如果是第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>次调用本系统调用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ҳ���<span lang=EN-US>tv</span>ָ�벻�գ������ϵͳʱ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并且参数<span lang=EN-US>tv</span>指针不空，则调整系统时钟值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>471</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!<u><span
@@ -26169,14 +26169,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>481</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������<span lang=EN-US>timeval</span>�ṹָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>tv</span>���գ����øýṹ��Ϣ����ϵͳʱ�ӡ����ȴ�<span lang=EN-US>tv</span>��ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果参数的<span lang=EN-US>timeval</span>结构指针<span
+lang=EN-US>tv</span>不空，则用该结构信息设置系统时钟。首先从<span lang=EN-US>tv</span>所指处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ����ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>sec</span>����΢��ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>usec</span>����ʾ��ϵͳʱ�䣬Ȼ������ֵ�޸�ϵͳ����ʱ��ȫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>获取以秒值（<span
+lang=EN-US>sec</span>）加微秒值（<span lang=EN-US>usec</span>）表示的系统时间，然后用秒值修改系统开机时间全局</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>startup_time</span>ֵ������΢��ֵ����ϵͳ������ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>jiffies_offset</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>变量<span lang=EN-US>startup_time</span>值，并用微秒值设置系统嘀嗒误差值<span
+lang=EN-US>jiffies_offset</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>482</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (tv) {</span></p>
@@ -26285,44 +26285,44 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�Ѵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>�ж�ȡ��ʱ��ֵ����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>GMT</span>ʱ��ֵ���棬���Ǳ���ʱ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>把从<span
+lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>中读取的时间值调整为<span lang=EN-US>GMT</span>时间值保存，而非本地时间值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��������������ţ���Ҫ�����������á��������Ǿ���Ҫдһ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>这里的做法很蹩脚，但要比其他方法好。否则我们就需要写一个程序并让它</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>/etc/rc</span>��������������£�����ð�Ÿó�����ܻᱻ���ִ�ж�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>在<span
+lang=EN-US>/etc/rc</span>中运行来做这件事（并且冒着该程序可能会被多次执行而带来的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���⡣ ����������Ҳ�����ó����ʱ�Ӿ�ȷ�ص���<span
-lang=EN-US>n</span>Сʱ�� ���߰�ʱ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>问题。 而且这样做也很难让程序把时钟精确地调整<span
+lang=EN-US>n</span>小时） 或者把时区信</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>Ϣ������ں��С���Ȼ�������ͷǳ����ǳ����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>息编译进内核中。当然这样做就非常、非常差劲了<span
 lang=EN-US>...</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>Ŀǰ���溯����<span
-lang=EN-US>XXX</span>���ĵ���������û�п��ǵ�����ʱ���⡣����<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>�ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>目前下面函数（<span
+lang=EN-US>XXX</span>）的调整操作并没有考虑到夏令时问题。依据<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>有多</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ô���ܣ��޴�����Ҳ�������Ͳ��ÿ����ⷽ�档��Ȼ����õ���������ȫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>么智能（愚蠢？）也许根本就不用考虑这方面。当然，最好的做法是完全不</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>ʱ�ӣ�������ϵͳͨ��<span lang=EN-US>NTP</span>������ʱ��Э�飩����<span
-lang=EN-US>timed</span>��ʱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>依赖于<span
+lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>时钟，而是让系统通过<span lang=EN-US>NTP</span>（网络时钟协议）或者<span
+lang=EN-US>timed</span>（时间</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����������ʱ�䣬��������������Ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>...</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-- TYT</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1/1/92</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>服务器）获得时间，如果机器联上网的话<span
+lang=EN-US>...</span>。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+- TYT</span>，<span lang=EN-US>1/1/92</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ϵͳ����ʱ�����Ϊ��<span
-lang=EN-US>GMT</span>Ϊ��׼��ʱ�䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把系统启动时间调整为以<span
+lang=EN-US>GMT</span>为标准的时间。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // startup_time</span>����ֵ�����������Ҫ��ʱ������ֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>60</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // startup_time</span>是秒值，因此这里需要把时区分钟值乘上<span
+lang=EN-US>60</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>510</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>adjust_clock</span></u>()</span></p>
@@ -26340,8 +26340,8 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>514</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���õ�ǰ���̴����ļ�����������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>mask &amp; 0777</span>��������ԭ�����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置当前进程创建文件属性屏蔽码为<span
+lang=EN-US>mask &amp; 0777</span>。并返回原屏蔽码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>515</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_umask</span></u>(int mask)</span></p>
@@ -26386,7 +26386,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447983"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447387"></a><a name="_Toc53320612"><span lang=EN-US>8.10 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>8-10 linux/kernel/vsprintf.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>8-10 linux/kernel/vsprintf.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -26418,59 +26418,59 @@ Wirzenius wrote this portably, Torvalds fucked it up :-)</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Lars Wirzenius</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>Linus</span>�ĺ��ѣ���<span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>Helsinki</span><span
-style='color:black'>��ѧʱ��ͬ��һ��칫�ҡ���<span lang=EN-US>1991</span>���ļ�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Lars Wirzenius</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>Linus</span>的好友，在<span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>Helsinki</span><span
+style='color:black'>大学时曾同处一间办公室。在<span lang=EN-US>1991</span>年夏季开发<span
 lang=EN-US>Linux </span></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='color:black'>ʱ��<span lang=EN-US>Linus</span>��ʱ��<span lang=EN-US>C</span>���Ի����Ǻ���Ϥ��������ʹ�ÿɱ�����б��������ܡ����<span
+style='color:black'>时，<span lang=EN-US>Linus</span>当时对<span lang=EN-US>C</span>语言还不是很熟悉，还不会使用可变参数列表函数功能。因此<span
 lang=EN-US>Lars Wirzenius</span></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='color:black'>��Ϊ����д����������ں���ʾ��Ϣ�Ĵ��롣������<span lang=EN-US>(1998</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��������δ�������һ��<span lang=EN-US>bug</span>��ֱ��</span></p>
+style='color:black'>就为他编写了这段用于内核显示信息的代码。他后来<span lang=EN-US>(1998</span>年<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>承认在这段代码中有一个<span lang=EN-US>bug</span>，直到</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1994</span><span
-style='color:black'>������˷��֣������Ծ��������<span lang=EN-US>bug</span>����ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>*</span>��Ϊ��������ʱ�����ǵ���ָ�����������</span></p>
+style='color:black'>年才有人发现，并予以纠正。这个<span lang=EN-US>bug</span>是在使用<span
+lang=EN-US>*</span>作为输出域宽度时，忘记递增指针跳过这个星</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='color:black'>���ˡ��ڱ����������<span lang=EN-US>bug</span>����Ȼ���ڣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>130</span>�У��� ���ĸ�����ҳ��<span lang=EN-US>http://liw.iki.fi/liw/</span></span></p>
+style='color:black'>号了。在本代码中这个<span lang=EN-US>bug</span>还仍然存在（<span
+lang=EN-US>130</span>行）。 他的个人主页是<span lang=EN-US>http://liw.iki.fi/liw/</span></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
-#include &lt;stdarg.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��׼����ͷ�ļ����Ժ����ʽ������������б�����Ҫ˵����<span
-lang=EN-US>-</span>��</p>
+#include &lt;stdarg.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标准参数头文件。以宏的形式定义变量参数列表。主要说明了<span
+lang=EN-US>-</span>个</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>(va_list)</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>(va_start,
-va_arg</span>��<span lang=EN-US>va_end)</span>������</p>
+// </span>类型<span lang=EN-US>(va_list)</span>和三个宏<span lang=EN-US>(va_start,
+va_arg</span>和<span lang=EN-US>va_end)</span>，用于</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// vsprintf</span>��<span lang=EN-US>vprintf</span>��<span lang=EN-US>vfprintf</span>������</p>
+// vsprintf</span>、<span lang=EN-US>vprintf</span>、<span lang=EN-US>vfprintf</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
-#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���ͷ�ļ�����Ҫ������һЩ�й��ַ���������Ƕ�뺯����</p>
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串头文件。主要定义了一些有关字符串操作的嵌入函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u> <b><i>/*
 we use this so that we can do without the ctype library */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����ʹ������Ķ��壬�������ǾͿ��Բ�ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ctype</span>����<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>我们使用下面的定义，这样我们就可以不使用<span
+lang=EN-US>ctype</span>库了<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>is_digit</span></u>(c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-((c) &gt;= <i>'0'</i> &amp;&amp; (c) &lt;= <i>'9'</i>)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж��ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>c</span>�Ƿ�Ϊ�����ַ���</p>
+((c) &gt;= <i>'0'</i> &amp;&amp; (c) &lt;= <i>'9'</i>)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断字符<span
+lang=EN-US>c</span>是否为数字字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������ַ����ִ�ת�������������������ִ�ָ���ָ�룬�����ǽ����ֵ������ָ�뽫ǰ�ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数将字符数字串转换成整数。输入是数字串指针的指针，返回是结果数值。另外指针将前移。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>skip_atoi</span></u>(const char **s)</span></p>
@@ -26495,36 +26495,36 @@ return i;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ﶨ��ת�����͵ĸ��ַ��ų�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这里定义转换类型的各种符号常数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ZEROPAD</span></u>
 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* pad with zero */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�����<span
+<b><i>/* pad with zero */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>填充零<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGN</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* unsigned/signed long */</i></b> /* </span>�޷���<span lang=EN-US>/</span>���ų�����<span
+<b><i>/* unsigned/signed long */</i></b> /* </span>无符号<span lang=EN-US>/</span>符号长整数<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PLUS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <b><i>/* show plus */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>��ʾ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>显示加<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SPACE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* space if plus */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���Ǽӣ����ÿո�<span
+<b><i>/* space if plus */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>如是加，则置空格<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>LEFT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 16&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* left justified */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�����<span
+<b><i>/* left justified */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>左调整<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
@@ -26536,15 +26536,15 @@ lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SMALL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
 64&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* use 'abcdef' instead of 'ABCDEF' */</i></b> /* </span>ʹ��Сд��ĸ<span
+<b><i>/* use 'abcdef' instead of 'ABCDEF' */</i></b> /* </span>使用小写字母<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������룺<span
-lang=EN-US>n</span>Ϊ��������<span lang=EN-US>base</span>Ϊ�����������<span lang=EN-US>n</span>Ϊ�̣���������ֵΪ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>除操作。输入：<span
+lang=EN-US>n</span>为被除数，<span lang=EN-US>base</span>为除数；结果：<span lang=EN-US>n</span>为商，函数返回值为余数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�μ�<span lang=EN-US>4.5.3</span>���й�Ƕ�������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参见<span lang=EN-US>4.5.3</span>节有关嵌入汇编的信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>do_div</span></u>(n,base) ({ \</span></p>
@@ -26562,13 +26562,13 @@ __res; })</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ת��Ϊָ�����Ƶ��ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将整数转换为指定进制的字符串。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���룺<span lang=EN-US>num-</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>base-</span>���ƣ�<span lang=EN-US>size-</span>�ַ������ȣ�<span lang=EN-US>precision-</span>���ֳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>type-</span>����ѡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入：<span lang=EN-US>num-</span>整数；<span
+lang=EN-US>base-</span>进制；<span lang=EN-US>size-</span>字符串长度；<span lang=EN-US>precision-</span>数字长度<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>精度<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>type-</span>类型选项。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ת�����ַ�����ָ����ַ���ĩ�˺����ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输出：数字转换成字符串后指向该字符串末端后面的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 static char * <u><span style='color:blue'>number</span></u>(char * <u><span
@@ -26590,13 +26590,13 @@ int i;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>type</span>ָ����Сд��ĸ������Сд��ĸ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果类型<span lang=EN-US>type</span>指出用小写字母，则定义小写字母集。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ָ��Ҫ�����������߽磩�������������е������־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果类型指出要左调整（靠左边界），则屏蔽类型中的填零标志。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ƻ���С��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>36</span>�����˳�������Ҳ��������ֻ�ܴ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>2-32</span>֮�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果进制基数小于<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>或大于<span lang=EN-US>36</span>，则退出处理，也即本程序只能处理基数在<span
+lang=EN-US>2-32</span>之间的数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (type&amp;<u><span style='color:blue'>SMALL</span></u>) digits=<i>&quot;0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz&quot;</i>;</span></p>
@@ -26610,16 +26610,16 @@ if (base&lt;2 || base&gt;36)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ָ��Ҫ���㣬�����ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>c='0'</span>������<span lang=EN-US>c</span>���ڿո��ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果类型指出要填零，则置字符变量<span
+lang=EN-US>c='0'</span>，否则<span lang=EN-US>c</span>等于空格字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ָ���Ǵ�������������ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>num</span>С��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����÷��ű���<span lang=EN-US>sign=</span>���ţ���ʹ<span
-lang=EN-US>num</span>ȡ����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果类型指出是带符号数并且数值<span
+lang=EN-US>num</span>小于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则置符号变量<span lang=EN-US>sign=</span>负号，并使<span
+lang=EN-US>num</span>取绝对值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������ָ���ǼӺţ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>sign=</span>�Ӻţ����������ʹ��ո��־��<span lang=EN-US>sign=</span>�ո񣬷�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则如果类型指出是加号，则置<span
+lang=EN-US>sign=</span>加号，否则若类型带空格标志则<span lang=EN-US>sign=</span>空格，否则置<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 c = (type &amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>ZEROPAD</span></u>) ? <i>'0'</i> : <i>'
@@ -26641,12 +26641,12 @@ num = -num;</span></p>
 sign=(type&amp;<u><span style='color:blue'>PLUS</span></u>) ? <i>'+'</i> :
 ((type&amp;<u><span style='color:blue'>SPACE</span></u>) ? <i>' '</i> : 0);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ţ������ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��������ָ��������ת���������ʮ�����ƿ����ټ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0x)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若带符号，则宽度值减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。若类型指出是特殊转换，则对于十六进制宽度再减少<span lang=EN-US>2</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>用于<span lang=EN-US>0x)</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڰ˽��ƿ��ȼ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ڰ˽���ת�����ǰ��һ���㣩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于八进制宽度减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>（用于八进制转换结果前放一个零）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (sign) size--;</span></p>
@@ -26661,9 +26661,9 @@ size -= 2;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 else if (base==8) size--;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ֵ<span lang=EN-US>num</span>Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������ʱ�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>='0'</span>��������ݸ����Ļ�������ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>num</span>ת�����ַ���ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果数值<span lang=EN-US>num</span>为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则临时字符串<span lang=EN-US>='0'</span>；否则根据给定的基数将数值<span
+lang=EN-US>num</span>转换成字符形式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 i=0;</span></p>
@@ -26680,9 +26680,9 @@ else while (num!=0)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tmp[i++]=digits[<u><span style='color:blue'>do_div</span></u>(num,base)];</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ֵ�ַ��������ھ���ֵ���򾫶�ֵ��չΪ���ָ���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若数值字符个数大于精度值，则精度值扩展为数字个数值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ֵ<span lang=EN-US>size</span>��ȥ���ڴ����ֵ�ַ��ĸ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>宽度值<span lang=EN-US>size</span>减去用于存放数值字符的个数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (i&gt;precision) precision=i;</span></p>
@@ -26692,13 +26692,13 @@ size -= precision;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������ʼ�γ�����Ҫ��ת�����������ʱ�����ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>str</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从这里真正开始形成所需要的转换结果，并暂时放在字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>str</span>中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������û������<span
-lang=EN-US>(ZEROPAD)</span>�����루���������־������<span lang=EN-US>str</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若类型中没有填零<span
+lang=EN-US>(ZEROPAD)</span>和左靠齐（左调整）标志，则在<span lang=EN-US>str</span>中首先</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ʣ�����ֵָ���Ŀո��������������λ���������š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>填放剩余宽度值指出的空格数。若需带符号位，则存入符号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(type&amp;(<u><span style='color:blue'>ZEROPAD</span></u>+<u><span
@@ -26716,8 +26716,8 @@ if (sign)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *<u><span style='color:blue'>str</span></u>++ = sign;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ָ��������ת��������ڰ˽���ת�����ͷһλ����һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>'0'</span>��������ʮ����������<span lang=EN-US>'0x'</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若类型指出是特殊转换，则对于八进制转换结果头一位放置一个<span
+lang=EN-US>'0'</span>；而对于十六进制则存放<span lang=EN-US>'0x'</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (type&amp;<u><span style='color:blue'>SPECIAL</span></u>)</span></p>
@@ -26735,14 +26735,14 @@ else if (base==16) {</span></p>
 *<u><span style='color:blue'>str</span></u>++ = <i>'0'</i>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*<u><span style='color:blue'>str</span></u>++ = digits[33];&nbsp;&nbsp; // 'X'</span>��<span
+*<u><span style='color:blue'>str</span></u>++ = digits[33];&nbsp;&nbsp; // 'X'</span>或<span
 lang=EN-US>'x'</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������û������������룩��־������ʣ������д��<span
-lang=EN-US>c</span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>'0'</span>��ո񣩣���<span lang=EN-US>51</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若类型中没有左调整（左靠齐）标志，则在剩余宽度中存放<span
+lang=EN-US>c</span>字符（<span lang=EN-US>'0'</span>或空格），见<span lang=EN-US>51</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(type&amp;<u><span style='color:blue'>LEFT</span></u>))</span></p>
@@ -26753,9 +26753,9 @@ while(size--&gt;0)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *<u><span style='color:blue'>str</span></u>++ = c;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ<span lang=EN-US>i</span>������ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>num</span>�����ָ����������ָ���С�ھ���ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>str</span>�з��루����ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>-i</span>����<span lang=EN-US>'0'</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时<span lang=EN-US>i</span>存有数值<span
+lang=EN-US>num</span>的数字个数。若数字个数小于精度值，则<span lang=EN-US>str</span>中放入（精度值<span
+lang=EN-US>-i</span>）个<span lang=EN-US>'0'</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while(i&lt;precision--)</span></p>
@@ -26763,8 +26763,8 @@ while(i&lt;precision--)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *<u><span style='color:blue'>str</span></u>++ = <i>'0'</i>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ֵת���õ������ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>str</span>�С���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将数值转换好的数字字符填入<span
+lang=EN-US>str</span>中。共<span lang=EN-US>i</span>个。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while(i--&gt;0)</span></p>
@@ -26772,7 +26772,7 @@ while(i--&gt;0)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *<u><span style='color:blue'>str</span></u>++ = tmp[i];</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ֵ�Դ����㣬���ʾ���ͱ�־���������־������ʣ������з���ո�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若宽度值仍大于零，则表示类型标志中有左靠齐标志。则在剩余宽度中放入空格。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while(size--&gt;0)</span></p>
@@ -26782,21 +26782,21 @@ while(size--&gt;0)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return <u><span style='color:blue'>str</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ת���õ�ָ���ַ���ĩ�˺��ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>返回转换好的指向字符串末端后的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���溯�����͸�ʽ��������ַ����С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面函数是送格式化输出到字符串中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ�������ں���ʹ�ø�ʽ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>Linus</span>���ں�ʵ���˸�<span lang=EN-US>C</span>��׼������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为了能在内核中使用格式化的输出，<span
+lang=EN-US>Linus</span>在内核实现了该<span lang=EN-US>C</span>标准函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���в���<span lang=EN-US>fmt</span>�Ǹ�ʽ�ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>args</span>�Ǹ����仯��ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>������ַ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其中参数<span lang=EN-US>fmt</span>是格式字符串；<span
+lang=EN-US>args</span>是个数变化的值；<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>是输出字符串缓冲区。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��μ��������б�����йظ�ʽת���ַ��Ľ��ܡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>请参见本代码列表后的有关格式转换字符的介绍。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>vsprintf</span></u>(char *<u><span
@@ -26813,7 +26813,7 @@ int i;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 char * <u><span style='color:blue'>str</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ڴ��ת�������е��ַ�����</p>
+// </span>用于存放转换过程中的字符串。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 char *s;</span></p>
@@ -26830,7 +26830,7 @@ flags;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/*
-number()</span>����ʹ�õı�־<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+number()</span>函数使用的标志<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>102</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int
@@ -26838,7 +26838,7 @@ field_width;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* width of output
 field */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>����ֶο���<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>输出字段宽度<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>103</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int
@@ -26850,7 +26850,7 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 of chars for from string */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* min. </span>�������ָ�����<span lang=EN-US>max. </span>�ַ������ַ�����<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* min. </span>整数数字个数；<span lang=EN-US>max. </span>字符串中字符个数<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int
@@ -26859,21 +26859,21 @@ qualifier;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* 'h',
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/*
-'h', 'l',</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'L'</span>���������ֶ�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+'h', 'l',</span>或<span lang=EN-US>'L'</span>用于整数字段<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ƚ��ַ�ָ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>buf</span>��Ȼ��ɨ���ʽ�ַ������Ը�����ʽת��ָʾ������Ӧ�Ĵ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先将字符指针指向<span
+lang=EN-US>buf</span>，然后扫描格式字符串，对各个格式转换指示进行相应的处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>107</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>str</span></u>=<u><span style='color:blue'>buf</span></u> ;
 *fmt ; ++fmt) {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʽת��ָʾ�ַ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>'%'</span>��ʼ�������<span lang=EN-US>fmt</span>��ʽ�ַ�����ɨ��<span lang=EN-US>'%'</span>��Ѱ�Ҹ�ʽת���ַ����Ŀ�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>格式转换指示字符串均以<span
+lang=EN-US>'%'</span>开始，这里从<span lang=EN-US>fmt</span>格式字符串中扫描<span lang=EN-US>'%'</span>，寻找格式转换字符串的开始。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ǹ�ʽָʾ��һ���ַ��������δ���<span
-lang=EN-US>str</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>不是格式指示的一般字符均被依次存入<span
+lang=EN-US>str</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>108</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -26895,8 +26895,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ�ø�ʽָʾ�ַ����еı�־�򣬲�����־��������<span
-lang=EN-US>flags</span>�����С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面取得格式指示字符串中的标志域，并将标志常量放入<span
+lang=EN-US>flags</span>变量中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -26922,28 +26922,28 @@ switch (*fmt) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <i>'-'</i>: flags |= <u><span style='color:blue'>LEFT</span></u>; goto
-repeat;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>���������</p>
+repeat;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>左靠齐调整。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <i>'+'</i>: flags |= <u><span style='color:blue'>PLUS</span></u>; goto
-repeat;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>�żӺš�</p>
+repeat;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>放加号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>120</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case
 <i>' '</i>: flags |= <u><span style='color:blue'>SPACE</span></u>; goto repeat;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;// </span>�ſո�</p>
+&nbsp;// </span>放空格。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>121</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <i>'#'</i>: flags |= <u><span style='color:blue'>SPECIAL</span></u>; goto
-repeat; // </span>������ת����</p>
+repeat; // </span>是特殊转换。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <i>''</i>: flags |= <u><span style='color:blue'>ZEROPAD</span></u>; goto
-repeat; &nbsp;// </span>Ҫ����<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'0')</span>��</p>
+repeat; &nbsp;// </span>要填零<span lang=EN-US>(</span>即<span lang=EN-US>'0')</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>123</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -26953,16 +26953,16 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��ǰ�����ֶο�����ֵ������<span
-lang=EN-US>field_width</span>�����С����������������ֵ��ֱ��ȡ��Ϊ����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取当前参数字段宽度域值，放入<span
+lang=EN-US>field_width</span>变量中。如果宽度域中是数值则直接取其为宽度值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������������ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>'*'</span>����ʾ��һ������ָ�����ȡ���˵���<span lang=EN-US>va_arg</span>ȡ����ֵ������ʱ����ֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果宽度域中是字符<span
+lang=EN-US>'*'</span>，表示下一个参数指定宽度。因此调用<span lang=EN-US>va_arg</span>取宽度值。若此时宽度值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>С��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ø�����ʾ����б�־��<span
-lang=EN-US>'-'</span>��־�����룩����˻����ڱ�־����������ñ�־����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>小于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则该负数表示其带有标志域<span
+lang=EN-US>'-'</span>标志（左靠齐），因此还需在标志变量中添入该标志，并</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ֶο���ֵȡΪ�����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将字段宽度值取为其绝对值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>125</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -26986,8 +26986,8 @@ else if (*fmt == <i>'*'</i>) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* it's the next argument */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����и�<span
-lang=EN-US>bug</span>��Ӧ����<span lang=EN-US>++fmt;</span></p>
+<b><i>/* it's the next argument */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这里有个<span
+lang=EN-US>bug</span>，应插入<span lang=EN-US>++fmt;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>131</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -27015,16 +27015,16 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������δ��룬ȡ��ʽת�����ľ����򣬲�����<span
-lang=EN-US>precision</span>�����С�������ʼ�ı�־��<span lang=EN-US>'.'</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面这段代码，取格式转换串的精度域，并放入<span
+lang=EN-US>precision</span>变量中。精度域开始的标志是<span lang=EN-US>'.'</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�䴦���������������������ơ����������������ֵ��ֱ��ȡ��Ϊ����ֵ���������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其处理过程与上面宽度域的类似。如果精度域中是数值则直接取其为精度值。如果精度域中是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ�<span lang=EN-US>'*'</span>����ʾ��һ������ָ�����ȡ���˵���<span
-lang=EN-US>va_arg</span>ȡ����ֵ������ʱ����ֵС��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符<span lang=EN-US>'*'</span>，表示下一个参数指定精度。因此调用<span
+lang=EN-US>va_arg</span>取精度值。若此时宽度值小于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则将</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ֶξ���ֵȡΪ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字段精度值取为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -27056,7 +27056,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>145</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* it's the next argument */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͬ������ҲӦ����<span
+<b><i>/* it's the next argument */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>同上这里也应插入<span
 lang=EN-US>++fmt;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>146</span></u><span
@@ -27082,8 +27082,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>151</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������δ�������������η������������<span
-lang=EN-US>qualifer</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>h,l,L</span>�ĺ���μ��б����˵������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面这段代码分析长度修饰符，并将其存入<span
+lang=EN-US>qualifer</span>变量。（<span lang=EN-US>h,l,L</span>的含义参见列表后的说明）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -27111,20 +27111,20 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ת��ָʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面分析转换指示符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 switch (*fmt) {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ת��ָʾ����<span
-lang=EN-US>'c'</span>�����ʾ��Ӧ����Ӧ���ַ�����ʱ�����־������������룬����ֶ�ǰ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果转换指示符是<span
+lang=EN-US>'c'</span>，则表示对应参数应是字符。此时如果标志域表明不是左靠齐，则该字段前面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>'</span>������ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>-1'</span>���ո��ַ���Ȼ���ٷ�������ַ�����������򻹴���<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ʾΪ���룬����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>放入<span lang=EN-US>'</span>宽度域值<span
+lang=EN-US>-1'</span>个空格字符，然后再放入参数字符。如果宽度域还大于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则表示为左靠齐，则在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>'</span>����ֵ<span lang=EN-US>-1'</span>���ո��ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数字符后面添加<span
+lang=EN-US>'</span>宽度值<span lang=EN-US>-1'</span>个空格字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -27162,18 +27162,18 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ת��ָʾ����<span
-lang=EN-US>'s'</span>�����ʾ��Ӧ�������ַ���������ȡ�����ַ����ĳ��ȣ����䳬���˾�����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果转换指示符是<span
+lang=EN-US>'s'</span>，则表示对应参数是字符串。首先取参数字符串的长度，若其超过了精度域值，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����չ������<span
-lang=EN-US>=</span>�ַ������ȡ���ʱ�����־������������룬����ֶ�ǰ����<span lang=EN-US>'</span>����ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>-</span>�ַ�������<span lang=EN-US>'</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则扩展精度域<span
+lang=EN-US>=</span>字符串长度。此时如果标志域表明不是左靠齐，则该字段前放入<span lang=EN-US>'</span>宽度值<span
+lang=EN-US>-</span>字符串长度<span lang=EN-US>'</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ո��ַ���Ȼ���ٷ�������ַ�������������򻹴���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ʾΪ���룬���ڲ����ַ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个空格字符。然后再放入参数字符串。如果宽度域还大于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则表示为左靠齐，则在参数字符串后面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>'</span>����ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>-</span>�ַ�������<span lang=EN-US>'</span>���ո��ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>添加<span lang=EN-US>'</span>宽度值<span
+lang=EN-US>-</span>字符串长度<span lang=EN-US>'</span>个空格字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>169</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -27241,8 +27241,8 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>185</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʽת������<span
-lang=EN-US>'o'</span>����ʾ�轫��Ӧ�Ĳ���ת���ɰ˽��������ַ���������<span lang=EN-US>number()</span>����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果格式转换符是<span
+lang=EN-US>'o'</span>，表示需将对应的参数转换成八进制数的字符串。调用<span lang=EN-US>number()</span>函数处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>186</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -27265,11 +27265,11 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʽת������<span
-lang=EN-US>'p'</span>����ʾ��Ӧ������һ��ָ�����͡���ʱ���ò���û�����ÿ�������Ĭ�Ͽ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果格式转换符是<span
+lang=EN-US>'p'</span>，表示对应参数是一个指针类型。此时若该参数没有设置宽度域，则默认宽度</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>8</span>��������Ҫ���㡣Ȼ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>number()</span>�������д�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为<span lang=EN-US>8</span>，并且需要添零。然后调用<span
+lang=EN-US>number()</span>函数进行处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>191</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -27312,9 +27312,9 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>200</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʽת��ָʾ��<span
-lang=EN-US>'x'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'X'</span>�����ʾ��Ӧ������Ҫ��ӡ��ʮ�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>'x'</span>��ʾ��Сд��ĸ��ʾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若格式转换指示是<span
+lang=EN-US>'x'</span>或<span lang=EN-US>'X'</span>，则表示对应参数需要打印成十六进制数输出。<span
+lang=EN-US>'x'</span>表示用小写字母表示。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>201</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -27345,12 +27345,12 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>207</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʽת���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>'d','i'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'u'</span>�����ʾ��Ӧ������������<span
-lang=EN-US>'d', 'i'</span>�������������������Ҫ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果格式转换字符是<span
+lang=EN-US>'d','i'</span>或<span lang=EN-US>'u'</span>，则表示对应参数是整数，<span
+lang=EN-US>'d', 'i'</span>代表符号整数，因此需要加上</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ű�־��<span
-lang=EN-US>'u'</span>�����޷���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>带符号标志。<span
+lang=EN-US>'u'</span>代表无符号整数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>208</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -27385,10 +27385,10 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>215</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʽת��ָʾ����<span
-lang=EN-US>'n'</span>�����ʾҪ�ѵ�ĿǰΪֹת������ַ������浽��Ӧ����ָ��ָ����λ���С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若格式转换指示符是<span
+lang=EN-US>'n'</span>，则表示要把到目前为止转换输出字符数保存到对应参数指针指定的位置中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>va_arg()</span>ȡ�øò���ָ�룬Ȼ���Ѿ�ת���õ��ַ��������ָ����ָ��λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先利用<span lang=EN-US>va_arg()</span>取得该参数指针，然后将已经转换好的字符数存入该指针所指的位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>216</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -27409,13 +27409,13 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>220</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʽת��������<span
-lang=EN-US>'%'</span>�����ʾ��ʽ�ַ����д���ֱ�ӽ�һ��<span lang=EN-US>'%'</span>д��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若格式转换符不是<span
+lang=EN-US>'%'</span>，则表示格式字符串有错，直接将一个<span lang=EN-US>'%'</span>写入输出串中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʽת������λ�ô������ַ�����Ҳֱ�ӽ����ַ�д��������У������ص�<span
-lang=EN-US>107</span>�м�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果格式转换符的位置处还有字符，则也直接将该字符写入输出串中，并返回到<span
+lang=EN-US>107</span>行继续处理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʽ�ַ����������ʾ�Ѿ���������ʽ�ַ����Ľ�β�������˳�ѭ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>格式字符串。否则表示已经处理到格式字符串的结尾处，则退出循环。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>221</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -27459,12 +27459,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>231</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *<u><span
 style='color:blue'>str</span></u> = <i>'\0'</i>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ת���õ��ַ�����β������<span lang=EN-US>null</span>��</p>
+// </span>最后在转换好的字符串结尾处添上<span lang=EN-US>null</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>232</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return <u><span
 style='color:blue'>str</span></u>-<u><span style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ת���õ��ַ�������ֵ��</p>
+// </span>返回转换好的字符串长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>233</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -27488,7 +27488,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447984"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447388"></a><a name="_Toc53320613"><span lang=EN-US>8.11 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>8-11 linux/kernel/printk.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>8-11 linux/kernel/printk.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -27525,43 +27525,43 @@ all is well.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������ں�ģʽʱ�����ǲ���ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>printf</span>����Ϊ�Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>ָ������������Ȥ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>当处于内核模式时，我们不能使用<span
+lang=EN-US>printf</span>，因为寄存器<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>指向其他不感兴趣</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ĵط����Լ�����һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>printf</span>����ʹ��ǰ����<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>��һ�оͽ���ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>的地方。自己编制一个<span
+lang=EN-US>printf</span>并在使用前保存<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>，一切就解决了。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��׼����ͷ�ļ����Ժ����ʽ������������б�����Ҫ˵����<span
-lang=EN-US>-</span>������<span lang=EN-US>(va_list)</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标准参数头文件。以宏的形式定义变量参数列表。主要说明了<span
+lang=EN-US>-</span>个类型<span lang=EN-US>(va_list)</span>和三个宏</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // va_start</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>va_arg</span>��<span lang=EN-US>va_end</span>������<span lang=EN-US>vsprintf</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>vprintf</span>��<span lang=EN-US>vfprintf</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // va_start</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>va_arg</span>和<span lang=EN-US>va_end</span>，用于<span lang=EN-US>vsprintf</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>vprintf</span>、<span lang=EN-US>vfprintf</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
 #include &lt;stdarg.h&gt;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
-#include &lt;stddef.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��׼����ͷ�ļ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL, offsetof(TYPE, MEMBER)</span>��</p>
+#include &lt;stddef.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标准定义头文件。定义了<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL, offsetof(TYPE, MEMBER)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 static char <u><span style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>[1024];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʾ����ʱ��������</p>
+// </span>显示用临时缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>vsprintf()</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>linux/kernel/vsprintf.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>92</span>�п�ʼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数<span lang=EN-US>vsprintf()</span>定义在<span
+lang=EN-US>linux/kernel/vsprintf.c</span>中<span lang=EN-US>92</span>行开始处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>vsprintf</span></u>(char * <u><span
@@ -27570,7 +27570,7 @@ blue'>va_list</span></u> args);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں�ʹ�õ���ʾ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核使用的显示函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>printk</span></u>(const char *fmt, ...)</span></p>
@@ -27579,20 +27579,20 @@ blue'>va_list</span></u> args);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>va_list</span></u> args;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-va_list</span>ʵ������һ���ַ�ָ�����͡�</p>
+va_list</span>实际上是一个字符指针类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int i;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���в���������ʼ������Ȼ��ʹ�ø�ʽ��<span
-lang=EN-US>fmt</span>�������б�<span lang=EN-US>args</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>�С�����ֵ<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>运行参数处理开始函数。然后使用格式串<span
+lang=EN-US>fmt</span>将参数列表<span lang=EN-US>args</span>输出到<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>中。返回值<span
 lang=EN-US>i </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ַ����ĳ��ȡ������в����������������������ÿ���̨��ʾ������������ʾ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等于输出字符串的长度。再运行参数处理结束函数。最后调用控制台显示函数并返回显示</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>va_start</span></u>(args, fmt);</span></p>
@@ -27606,7 +27606,7 @@ i=<u><span style='color:blue'>vsprintf</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>bu
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>console_print</span></u>(<u><span style='color:
 blue'>buf</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// chr_drv/console.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>995</span>�п�ʼ��</p>
+// chr_drv/console.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>995</span>行开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return i;</span></p>
@@ -27631,7 +27631,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447985"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447389"></a><a name="_Toc53320614"><span lang=EN-US>8.12 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>8-12 linux/kernel/panic.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>8-12 linux/kernel/panic.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -27665,45 +27665,45 @@ to indicate a major problem.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ú����������ں���ʹ�ã������� ͷ�ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>*.h, </span>�ڴ��������<span lang=EN-US>mm</span>���ļ�ϵͳ<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该函数在整个内核中使用（包括在 头文件<span
+lang=EN-US>*.h, </span>内存管理程序<span lang=EN-US>mm</span>和文件系统<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>中），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ָ����Ҫ�ĳ������⡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>用以指出主要的出错问题。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>����ʼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ݣ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、初始任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的数据，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����һЩ�й��������������úͻ�ȡ��Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ������䡣</p>
+// </span>还有一些有关描述符参数设置和获取的嵌入式汇编函数宏语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_sync</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/*
-it's really int */</i></b> /* </span>ʵ����������<span lang=EN-US>int
+it's really int */</i></b> /* </span>实际上是整型<span lang=EN-US>int
 (fs/buffer.c,44) */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú���������ʾ�ں��г��ֵ��ش������Ϣ���������ļ�ϵͳͬ��������Ȼ�������ѭ��<span
-lang=EN-US>--</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数用来显示内核中出现的重大错误信息，并运行文件系统同步函数，然后进入死循环<span
+lang=EN-US>--</span>死机。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�Ļ�����˵���ǽ���������������һ�û�������ļ�ϵͳͬ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前进程是任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的话，还说明是交换任务出错，并且还没有运行文件系统同步函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ǰ�Ĺؼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>volatile</span>���ڸ��߱�����<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>�ú������᷵�ء���������<span
-lang=EN-US>gcc</span>��������һЩ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数名前的关键字<span
+lang=EN-US>volatile</span>用于告诉编译器<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>该函数不会返回。这样可让<span
+lang=EN-US>gcc</span>产生更好一些的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���룬����Ҫ����ʹ������ؼ��ֿ��Ա������ĳЩ��δ��ʼ�������ģ��پ�����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>代码，更重要的是使用这个关键字可以避免产生某些（未初始化变量的）假警告信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ͬ������<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>�ĺ�������˵����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等同于现在<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>的函数属性说明：<span
 lang=EN-US>void panic(const char *s) __attribute__ ((noreturn));</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
@@ -27750,12 +27750,12 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<h1><a name="_Toc493447986"></a><a name="_Toc493447390"><span lang=EN-US>��9�� </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ں˿��豸����</span></a></h1>
+<h1><a name="_Toc493447986"></a><a name="_Toc493447390"><span lang=EN-US>第9章 </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>内核块设备程序</span></a></h1>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447987"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447391"></a><a name="_Toc53320617"><span lang=EN-US>9.1 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>9-1 linux/kernel/blk_drv/blk.h</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>9-1 linux/kernel/blk_drv/blk.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -27773,7 +27773,7 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>9-1 linux/k
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_BLK_DEV</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸����������</p>
+7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块设备类型数量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u> <b><i>/*</i></b></span></p>
 
@@ -27804,21 +27804,21 @@ long pauses in reading when heavy writing/syncing is going on)</i></b></span></p
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���涨���<span
-lang=EN-US>NR_REQUEST</span>�������������������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面定义的<span
+lang=EN-US>NR_REQUEST</span>是请求队列中所包含的项数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�⣬д������ʹ����Щ���еͶ˵�<span
-lang=EN-US>2/3</span>����������ȴ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意，写操作仅使用这些项中低端的<span
+lang=EN-US>2/3</span>项；读操作优先处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 32</span>�������һ�����������֣������Ѿ��㹻�ӵ����㷨�л�úô���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 32</span>项好象是一个合理的数字：该数已经足够从电梯算法中获得好处，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����������ڶ����ж���סʱ�ֲ��Ե��Ǻܴ������<span
-lang=EN-US>64</span>�Ϳ���ȥ̫</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>但当缓冲区在队列中而锁住时又不显得是很大的数。<span
+lang=EN-US>64</span>就看上去太</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ˣ���������д<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>ͬ����������ʱ����������ʱ�����ͣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>大了（当大量的写<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>同步操作运行时很容易引起长时间的暂停）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -27846,29 +27846,29 @@ read/write completion.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>request</span>�ṹ��һ����չ��ʽ�������ʵ���Ժ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>，下面是<span
+lang=EN-US>request</span>结构的一个扩展形式，因而当实现以后，我们</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�Ϳ����ڷ�ҳ������ʹ��ͬ���� <span
-lang=EN-US>request </span>�ṹ�� �ڷ�ҳ�����У�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>就可以在分页请求中使用同样的 <span
+lang=EN-US>request </span>结构。 在分页处理中，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'bh'</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>����<span lang=EN-US>'waiting'</span>�����ڵȴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д����ɡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'bh'</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，而<span lang=EN-US>'waiting'</span>则用于等待读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写的完成。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������������Ľṹ����������ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>dev = -1</span>�����ʾ�����и���û�б�ʹ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面是请求队列中项的结构。其中如果字段<span
+lang=EN-US>dev = -1</span>，则表示队列中该项没有被使用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>cmd</span>��ȡ����<span
-lang=EN-US> READ</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����<span lang=EN-US> WRITE</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/fs.h</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字段<span lang=EN-US>cmd</span>可取常量<span
+lang=EN-US> READ</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）或<span lang=EN-US> WRITE</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>）（定义在<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/fs.h</span>中）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���У��ں˲�û���õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>waiting</span>ָ�룬�����֮���ں�ʹ���˻����ĵȴ����С���Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其中，内核并没有用到<span
+lang=EN-US>waiting</span>指针，起而代之地内核使用了缓冲块的等待队列。因为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ�һ���������ȴ�����������ǶԵȵġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待一个缓冲块与等待请求项完成是对等的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>request</span></u> {</span></p>
@@ -27877,42 +27877,42 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>request</span></u> {</span></p>
 int
 dev;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/* -1 if no request */</i></b>&nbsp;
-// </span>��������豸�š�</p>
+// </span>发请求的设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int
 cmd;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/* READ or WRITE */</i></b>&nbsp;
-// READ</span>��<span lang=EN-US>WRITE</span>���</p>
+// READ</span>或<span lang=EN-US>WRITE</span>命令。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int errors;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//</span>����ʱ�����Ĵ��������</p>
+//</span>操作时产生的错误次数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>sector</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ������<span lang=EN-US>(1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>=2</span>����<span
+// </span>起始扇区。<span lang=EN-US>(1</span>块<span lang=EN-US>=2</span>扇区<span
 lang=EN-US>)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-unsigned long nr_sectors;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д��������</p>
+unsigned long nr_sectors;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写扇区数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 char * buffer;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ݻ�������</p>
+// </span>数据缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> * waiting;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ȴ�������ɲ����ĵط������У���</p>
+// </span>任务等待请求完成操作的地方（队列）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * bh;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ͷָ��<span lang=EN-US>(include/linux/fs.h,68)</span>��</p>
+// </span>缓冲区头指针<span lang=EN-US>(include/linux/fs.h,68)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>request</span></u> * next;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ָ����һ�����</p>
+// </span>指向下一请求项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u> };</span></p>
 
@@ -27933,26 +27933,26 @@ are much more time-critical than writes.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����Ķ������ڵ����㷨��ע�������������д����֮ǰ���С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面的定义用于电梯算法：注意读操作总是在写操作之前进行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���Ǻ���Ȼ�ģ���������ʱ���Ҫ��Ҫ��д�����ϸ�öࡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>这是很自然的：读操作对时间的要求要比写操作严格得多。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������в���<span
-lang=EN-US>s1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>s2</span>��ȡֵ�����涨�������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>request</span>��ָ�롣�ú궨�����ڸ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面宏中参数<span
+lang=EN-US>s1</span>和<span lang=EN-US>s2</span>的取值是上面定义的请求结构<span lang=EN-US>request</span>的指针。该宏定义用于根据两个参数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ����������ṹ�е���Ϣ������<span
-lang=EN-US>cmd</span>��<span lang=EN-US>READ</span>��<span lang=EN-US>WRITE</span>�����豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>�Լ���������������<span lang=EN-US>sector</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指定的请求项结构中的信息（命令<span
+lang=EN-US>cmd</span>（<span lang=EN-US>READ</span>或<span lang=EN-US>WRITE</span>）、设备号<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>以及所操作的扇区号<span lang=EN-US>sector</span>）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���жϳ�����������ṹ��ǰ������˳�����˳���������ʿ��豸ʱ��������ִ��˳��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>来判断出两个请求项结构的前后排列顺序。这个顺序将用作访问块设备时的请求项执行顺序。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ڳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>blk_drv/ll_rw_blk.c</span>�к���<span lang=EN-US>add_request()</span>�б����ã���<span
-lang=EN-US>96</span>�У����ú겿��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这个宏会在程序<span
+lang=EN-US>blk_drv/ll_rw_blk.c</span>中函数<span lang=EN-US>add_request()</span>中被调用（第<span
+lang=EN-US>96</span>行）。该宏部分</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʵ����<span lang=EN-US>I/O</span>���ȹ��ܣ���ʵ���˶�������������ܣ���һ����������ϲ����ܣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>地实现了<span lang=EN-US>I/O</span>调度功能，即实现了对请求项的排序功能（另一个是请求项合并功能）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>IN_ORDER</span></u>(s1,s2) \</span></p>
@@ -27969,38 +27969,38 @@ style='color:blue'>sector</span></u>)))</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸�����ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块设备处理结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>blk_dev_struct</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 void (*request_fn)(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����������ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>请求处理函数指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>request</span></u> * current_request;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��ǰ����������ṹ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>当前处理的请求结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u> };</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸�������飩��ÿ�ֿ��豸ռ��һ���<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块设备表（数组）。每种块设备占用一项，共<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>blk_dev_struct</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>blk_dev</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_BLK_DEV</span></u>];</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������飬��<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>请求队列数组，共<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>request</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>request</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_REQUEST</span></u>];</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ�����������Ľ��̶���ͷָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待空闲请求项的进程队列头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -28008,11 +28008,11 @@ style='color:blue'>wait_for_request</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�豸���ݿ�����ָ�����顣ÿ��ָ����ָ��ָ�����豸�ŵ��ܿ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>hd_sizes[]</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设备数据块总数指针数组。每个指针项指向指定主设备号的总块数数组<span
+lang=EN-US>hd_sizes[]</span>。该总</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ÿһ���Ӧ���豸��ȷ����һ�����豸����ӵ�е����ݿ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���С<span lang=EN-US> = 1KB</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块数数组每一项对应子设备号确定的一个子设备上所拥有的数据块总数（<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>块大小<span lang=EN-US> = 1KB</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>
 extern int * <u><span style='color:blue'>blk_size</span></u>[<u><span
@@ -28020,15 +28020,15 @@ style='color:blue'>NR_BLK_DEV</span></u>];</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڿ��豸����������<span
-lang=EN-US>hd.c</span>��������ͷ�ļ�ʱ�������ȶ��������������豸�����豸�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在块设备驱动程序（如<span
+lang=EN-US>hd.c</span>）包含此头文件时，必须先定义驱动程序处理设备的主设备号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������<span
-lang=EN-US>63</span>��<span lang=EN-US>��90</span>�о���Ϊ�������ļ����������������ȷ�ĺ궨�塣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这样，在下面<span
+lang=EN-US>63</span>行<span lang=EN-US>—90</span>行就能为包含本文件的驱动程序给出正确的宏定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u> #ifdef
 <u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR_NR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���豸�š�</p>
+// </span>主设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -28044,14 +28044,14 @@ supported are hard-disks and floppies.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Ҫʱ������Ŀ��Ŀǰ���豸��֧��Ӳ�̺����̣����������̣���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>需要时加入条目。目前块设备仅支持硬盘和软盘（还有虚拟盘）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������<span lang=EN-US>MAJOR_NR
-= 1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>RAM</span>�����豸�ţ������������·��ų����ͺꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果定义了<span lang=EN-US>MAJOR_NR
+= 1</span>（<span lang=EN-US>RAM</span>盘主设备号），就是用以下符号常数和宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u> #if
 (<u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR_NR</span></u> == 1)</span></p>
@@ -28061,29 +28061,29 @@ ram disk */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_NAME</span></u> <i>&quot;ramdisk&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�豸���ƣ����ڴ������̡�����</p>
+// </span>设备名称（“内存虚拟盘”）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_REQUEST</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>do_rd_request</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�豸�������������</p>
+// </span>设备请求项处理函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_NR</span></u>(device) ((device)
-&amp; 7)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�豸�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>0 �C 7</span>����</p>
+&amp; 7)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设备号（<span lang=EN-US>0 – 7</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_ON</span></u>(device) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�����豸�����������뿪���͹رգ���</p>
+</span>开启设备（虚拟盘无须开启和关闭）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_OFF</span></u>(device)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ر��豸��</p>
+// </span>关闭设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>MAJOR_NR = 2</span>���������豸�ţ������������·��ų����ͺꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则，如果定义了<span
+lang=EN-US>MAJOR_NR = 2</span>（软驱主设备号），就是用以下符号常数和宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>
 #elif (<u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR_NR</span></u> == 2)</span></p>
@@ -28093,35 +28093,35 @@ floppy */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_NAME</span></u> <i>&quot;floppy&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�豸���ƣ�������������������</p>
+// </span>设备名称（“软盘驱动器”）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_INTR</span></u> do_floppy&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�豸�жϴ���������</p>
+// </span>设备中断处理函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_REQUEST</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>do_fd_request</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�豸�������������</p>
+// </span>设备请求项处理函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_NR</span></u>(device) ((device)
-&amp; 3)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�豸�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>0 �C 3</span>����</p>
+&amp; 3)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设备号（<span lang=EN-US>0 – 3</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_ON</span></u>(device) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>floppy_on</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_NR</span></u>(device))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����豸�ꡣ</p>
+// </span>开启设备宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_OFF</span></u>(device) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>floppy_off</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_NR</span></u>(device))&nbsp;
-// </span>�ر��豸�ꡣ</p>
+// </span>关闭设备宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>MAJOR_NR = 3</span>��Ӳ�����豸�ţ������������·��ų����ͺꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则，如果定义了<span
+lang=EN-US>MAJOR_NR = 3</span>（硬盘主设备号），就是用以下符号常数和宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>
 #elif (<u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR_NR</span></u> == 3)</span></p>
@@ -28131,37 +28131,37 @@ harddisk */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_NAME</span></u> <i>&quot;harddisk&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�豸���ƣ���Ӳ�̡�����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>设备名称（“硬盘”）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_INTR</span></u> do_hd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�豸�жϴ���������</p>
+// </span>设备中断处理函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_TIMEOUT</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>hd_timeout</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�豸��ʱֵ��</p>
+// </span>设备超时值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_REQUEST</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>do_hd_request</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�豸�������������</p>
+// </span>设备请求项处理函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_NR</span></u>(device) (<u><span
-style='color:blue'>MINOR</span></u>(device)/5)&nbsp; // </span>�豸�š�</p>
+style='color:blue'>MINOR</span></u>(device)/5)&nbsp; // </span>设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_ON</span></u>(device)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����豸��</p>
+// </span>开启设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_OFF</span></u>(device)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ر��豸��</p>
+// </span>关闭设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڱ���Ԥ�����׶���ʾ������Ϣ����δ֪���豸����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则在编译预处理阶段显示出错信息：“未知块设备”。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>
 #elif</span></p>
@@ -28179,11 +28179,11 @@ unknown blk device */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>Ϊ�˱��ڱ�̱�ʾ�����ﶨ���������꣺<span
-lang=EN-US>CURRENT</span>��ָ��ס�豸�ŵĵ�ǰ����ṹ��ָ�룬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>为了便于编程表示，这里定义了两个宏：<span
+lang=EN-US>CURRENT</span>是指定住设备号的当前请求结构项指针，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CURRENT_DEV </span>�ǵ�ǰ������<span
-lang=EN-US>CURRENT</span>���豸�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CURRENT_DEV </span>是当前请求项<span
+lang=EN-US>CURRENT</span>中设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u> (<u><span
@@ -28195,8 +28195,8 @@ style='color:blue'>DEVICE_NR</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT</spa
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������豸�жϴ������ų��������������Ϊһ������ָ�룬��Ĭ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果定义了设备中断处理符号常数，则把它声明为一个函数指针，并默认为<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>
 #ifdef <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_INTR</span></u></span></p>
@@ -28208,8 +28208,8 @@ style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #endif</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������豸��ʱ���ų�����������ֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>SET_INTR()</span>�ꡣ����ֻ����ꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果定义了设备超时符号常数，则令其值等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，并定义<span lang=EN-US>SET_INTR()</span>宏。否则只定义宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>102</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #ifdef <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_TIMEOUT</span></u></span></p>
@@ -28234,8 +28234,8 @@ style='color:blue'>x</span></u>) (<u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_INTR</span>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>107</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #endif</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����豸������ų���<span
-lang=EN-US>DEVICE_REGUEST</span>��һ�������������޷��صľ�̬����ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>声明设备请求符号常数<span
+lang=EN-US>DEVICE_REGUEST</span>是一个不带参数并无反回的静态函数指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>108</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void (<u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_REQUEST</span></u>)(void);</span></p>
@@ -28243,12 +28243,12 @@ lang=EN-US> static void (<u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_REQUEST</span></u>)(
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>109</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ���Ļ���顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>解锁指定的缓冲块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ָ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>bh</span>��û�б�����������ʾ������Ϣ�����򽫸û��������������ѵȴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果指定缓冲块<span
+lang=EN-US>bh</span>并没有被上锁，则显示警告信息。否则将该缓冲块解锁，并唤醒等待</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�û����Ľ��̡���Ϊ��Ƕ�����������ǻ����ͷָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该缓冲块的进程。此为内嵌函数。参数是缓冲块头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>unlock_buffer</span></u>(struct
@@ -28278,19 +28278,19 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>结束请求处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>uptodate</span>�Ǹ��±�־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>uptodate</span>是更新标志。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȹر�ָ�����豸��Ȼ����˴ζ�д�������Ƿ���Ч�������Ч����ݲ���ֵ���û���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先关闭指定块设备，然后检查此次读写缓冲区是否有效。如果有效则根据参数值设置缓冲</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ݸ��±�־���������û������� ������±�־����ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ�˴�������Ĳ�����ʧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>区数据更新标志，并解锁该缓冲区。 如果更新标志参数值是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示此次请求项的操作已失</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ܣ������ʾ��ؿ��豸<span
-lang=EN-US>IO</span>������Ϣ�� ��󣬻��ѵȴ���������Ľ����Լ��ȴ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>败，因此显示相关块设备<span
+lang=EN-US>IO</span>错误信息。 最后，唤醒等待该请求项的进程以及等待空闲请求</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ֵĽ��̣��ͷŲ�������������ɾ������������ѵ�ǰ������ָ��ָ����һ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>项出现的进程，释放并从请求链表中删除本请求项，并把当前请求项指针指向下一请求项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>end_request</span></u>(int
@@ -28302,30 +28302,30 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>120</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>DEVICE_OFF</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;dev);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;// </span>�ر��豸��</p>
+&nbsp;// </span>关闭设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>121</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;bh) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;// CURRENT</span>Ϊ��ǰ����ṹ��ָ�롣</p>
+&nbsp;// CURRENT</span>为当前请求结构项指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;bh-&gt;b_uptodate =
-uptodate; // </span>�ø��±�־��</p>
+uptodate; // </span>置更新标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>123</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>unlock_buffer</span></u>(<u><span style='color:
 blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;bh);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>������������</p>
+</span>解锁缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>124</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>125</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!uptodate) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����±�־Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ������Ϣ��</p>
+// </span>若更新标志为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>则显示出错信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>126</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -28347,22 +28347,22 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>wake_up</span></u>(&amp;<u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;waiting);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ѵȴ���������Ľ��̡�</p>
+// </span>唤醒等待该请求项的进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>131</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>wake_up</span></u>(&amp;<u><span style='color:blue'>wait_for_request</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ѵȴ�����������Ľ��̡�</p>
+// </span>唤醒等待空闲请求项的进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>132</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;dev = -1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ͷŸ������</p>
+// </span>释放该请求项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;next;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ָ����һ�����</p>
+// </span>指向下一请求项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -28370,11 +28370,11 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>135</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������豸��ʱ���ų���<span
-lang=EN-US>DEVICE_TIMEOUT</span>������<span lang=EN-US>CLEAR_DEVICE_TIMEOUT</span>���ų���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果定义了设备超时符号常量<span
+lang=EN-US>DEVICE_TIMEOUT</span>，则定义<span lang=EN-US>CLEAR_DEVICE_TIMEOUT</span>符号常量</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ��<span lang=EN-US>DEVICE_TIMEOUT
-= 0��</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>CLEAR_DEVICE_TIMEOUT</span>Ϊ�ա�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为“<span lang=EN-US>DEVICE_TIMEOUT
+= 0”</span>。否则定义<span lang=EN-US>CLEAR_DEVICE_TIMEOUT</span>为空。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>136</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #ifdef <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_TIMEOUT</span></u></span></p>
@@ -28395,11 +28395,11 @@ lang=EN-US> #endif</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������豸�жϷ��ų���<span
-lang=EN-US>DEVICE_INTR</span>������<span lang=EN-US>CLEAR_DEVICE_INTR</span>���ų���Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果定义了设备中断符号常量<span
+lang=EN-US>DEVICE_INTR</span>，则定义<span lang=EN-US>CLEAR_DEVICE_INTR</span>符号常量为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>DEVICE_INTR
-= 0��</span>����������Ϊ�ա�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>“<span lang=EN-US>DEVICE_INTR
+= 0”</span>，否则定义其为空。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #ifdef <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_INTR</span></u></span></p>
@@ -28420,20 +28420,20 @@ lang=EN-US> #endif</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʼ��������ꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义初始化请求项宏。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڼ������豸��������ʼ����������ĳ�ʼ���������ƣ��������Ϊ���Ƕ�����һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>由于几个块设备驱动程序开始处对请求项的初始化操作相似，因此这里为它们定义了一个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͳһ�ĳ�ʼ���ꡣ�ú����ڶԵ�ǰ���������һЩ��Ч���жϡ������������£�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>统一的初始化宏。该宏用于对当前请求项进行一些有效性判断。所做工作如下：</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����豸��ǰ������Ϊ�գ�<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>������ʾ���豸Ŀǰ������Ҫ�������������������ɨβ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果设备当前请求项为空（<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>），表示本设备目前已无需要处理的请求项。于是略作扫尾</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������˳���Ӧ���������������ǰ���������豸�����豸�Ų��������������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>工作就退出相应函数。否则，如果当前请求项中设备的主设备号不等于驱动程序定义的主设</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ţ�˵������������ҵ��ˣ������ں���ʾ������Ϣ��ͣ�������������������õĻ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>备号，说明请求项队列乱掉了，于是内核显示出错信息并停机。否则若请求项中用的缓冲块</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>û�б�������Ҳ˵���ں˳���������⣬������ʾ������Ϣ��ͣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>没有被锁定，也说明内核程序出了问题，于是显示出错信息并停机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>INIT_REQUEST</span></u> \</span></p>
@@ -28444,7 +28444,7 @@ lang=EN-US> repeat: \</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!<u><span
 style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>) {\&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ǰ������ָ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�򷵻ء�</p>
+// </span>如果当前请求项指针为<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>则返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>151</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -28464,7 +28464,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } \</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>MAJOR</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;dev)
-!= <u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR_NR</span></u>) \&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ�豸���豸�Ų�����ͣ����</p>
+!= <u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR_NR</span></u>) \&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前设备主设备号不对则停机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -28478,7 +28478,7 @@ style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;bh) { \</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!<u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;bh-&gt;b_lock) \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���������Ļ�����û������ͣ����</p>
+// </span>如果请求项的缓冲区没锁定则停机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -28519,7 +28519,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447988"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447392"></a><a name="_Toc53320618"><span lang=EN-US>9.2 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>9-2 linux/kernel/blk_drv/hd.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>9-2 linux/kernel/blk_drv/hd.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -28565,84 +28565,84 @@ modified by Drew Eckhardt to check nr of hd's from the CMOS.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������ǵײ�Ӳ���жϸ���������Ҫ����ɨ����������У�ʹ���ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>本程序是底层硬盘中断辅助程序。主要用于扫描请求项队列，使用中断</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ں���֮����ת���������еĺ����������ж�����õģ�������Щ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>在函数之间跳转。由于所有的函数都是在中断里调用的，所以这些函数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������˯�ߡ����ر�ע�⡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>不可以睡眠。请特别注意。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><i>��<span
-lang=EN-US>Drew Eckhardt</span>�޸ģ�����<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>��Ϣ���Ӳ������</i></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><i>由<span
+lang=EN-US>Drew Eckhardt</span>修改，利用<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>信息检测硬盘数。</i></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/config.h&gt; // </span>�ں�����ͷ�ļ�������������Ժ�Ӳ�����ͣ�<span lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>��ѡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/config.h&gt; // </span>内核配置头文件。定义键盘语言和硬盘类型（<span lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>）选项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�����������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/fs.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�ϵͳͷ�ļ��������ļ����ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>file</span>��<span lang=EN-US>m_inode</span>���ȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/fs.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件系统头文件。定义文件表结构（<span
+lang=EN-US>file</span>、<span lang=EN-US>m_inode</span>）等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/hdreg.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>Ӳ�̲���ͷ�ļ�������Ӳ�̼Ĵ����˿ڡ�״̬�롢����������Ϣ��</p>
+#include &lt;linux/hdreg.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>硬盘参数头文件。定义硬盘寄存器端口、状态码、分区表等信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ����������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵȵĻ��ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等的汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // io</span>ͷ�ļ�������Ӳ���˿�����<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>���������䡣</p>
+#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // io</span>头文件。定义硬件端口输入<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>输出宏汇编语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ӳ�����豸�ŷ��ų����������������У����豸�ű����ڰ���<span
-lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>�ļ�֮ǰ�����塣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义硬盘主设备号符号常数。在驱动程序中，主设备号必须在包含<span
+lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>文件之前被定义。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>�ļ���Ҫ�õ�������ų���ֵ��ȷ��һЩ��������ط��ų����ͺꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因为<span lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>文件中要用到这个符号常数值来确定一些列其他相关符号常数和宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR_NR</span></u> 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ӳ�����豸����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>��</p>
+// </span>硬盘主设备号是<span lang=EN-US>3</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 #include &quot;<u><span style='color:blue'>blk.h</span></u>&quot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���豸ͷ�ļ��������������ݽṹ�����豸���ݽṹ�ͺ����Ϣ��</p>
+// </span>块设备头文件。定义请求数据结构、块设备数据结构和宏等信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>�����꺯����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>参数宏函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��κ��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>��Ӳ����Ϣ��<span
-lang=EN-US>outb_p</span>��<span lang=EN-US>inb_p</span>��<span lang=EN-US>include/asm/io.h</span>�ж���Ķ˿���������ꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这段宏读取<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>中硬盘信息。<span
+lang=EN-US>outb_p</span>、<span lang=EN-US>inb_p</span>是<span lang=EN-US>include/asm/io.h</span>中定义的端口输入输出宏。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span>�ж�ȡ<span
-lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>ʱ����Ϣ�ĺ���ȫһ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>与<span lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span>中读取<span
+lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>时钟信息的宏完全一样。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CMOS_READ</span></u>(addr) ({ \</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(0x80|addr,0x70); \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 0x70</span>��д�˿ںţ�<span lang=EN-US>0x80|addr</span>��Ҫ����<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>�ڴ��ַ��</p>
+// 0x70</span>是写端口号，<span lang=EN-US>0x80|addr</span>是要读的<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>内存地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>inb_p</span></u>(0x71); \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 0x71</span>�Ƕ��˿ںš�</p>
+// 0x71</span>是读端口号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u> })</span></p>
 
@@ -28651,45 +28651,45 @@ style='color:blue'>inb_p</span></u>(0x71); \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u> <b><i>/*
 Max read/write errors/sector */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ÿ������<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д��������������������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>每扇区读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写操作允许的最多出错次数<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MAX_ERRORS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>дһ������ʱ������������������</p>
+7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写一个扇区时允许的最多出错次数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MAX_HD</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ֧�ֵ����Ӳ������</p>
+2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统支持的最多硬盘数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����У������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>重新校正处理函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ����ʱ��Ӳ���жϴ��������е��õ�����У������<span
-lang=EN-US>(311</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复位操作时在硬盘中断处理程序中调用的重新校正函数<span
+lang=EN-US>(311</span>行<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>recal_intr</span></u>(void);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��дӲ��ʧ�ܴ������ú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读写硬盘失败处理调用函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������������������ø�λ��־Ҫ��ִ�и�λӲ�̿����������������ԣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>242</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>结束本次请求项处理或者设置复位标志要求执行复位硬盘控制器操作后再重试（<span
+lang=EN-US>242</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>bad_rw_intr</span></u>(void);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����У����־���������˸ñ�־�������л����<span
-lang=EN-US>recal_intr()</span>�Խ���ͷ�ƶ���<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>重新校正标志。当设置了该标志，程序中会调用<span
+lang=EN-US>recal_intr()</span>以将磁头移动到<span lang=EN-US>0</span>柱面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>recalibrate</span></u> = 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ��־����������д����ʱ�����øñ�־��������ظ�λ�������Ը�λӲ�̺Ϳ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复位标志。当发生读写错误时会设置该标志并调用相关复位函数，以复位硬盘和控制器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>reset</span></u> = 0;</span></p>
@@ -28703,15 +28703,15 @@ This struct defines the HD's and their types.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����ṹ������Ӳ�̲���������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>下面结构定义了硬盘参数及类型<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ӳ����Ϣ�ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>Harddisk information struct</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>硬盘信息结构（<span
+lang=EN-US>Harddisk information struct</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ֶηֱ��Ǵ�ͷ����ÿ�ŵ�����������������дǰԤ��������š���ͷ��½������š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>各字段分别是磁头数、每磁道扇区数、柱面数、写前预补偿柱面号、磁头着陆区柱面号、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ֽڡ����ǵĺ�����μ������б����˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制字节。它们的含义请参见程序列表后的说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_i_struct</span></u> {</span></p>
@@ -28724,14 +28724,14 @@ int <u><span style='color:blue'>head</span></u>,sect,cyl,wpcom,lzone,ctl;</span>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ѿ���<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/config.h</span>�����ļ��ж����˷��ų���<span
-lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>����ȡ���ж���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果已经在<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/config.h</span>配置文件中定义了符号常数<span
+lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>，就取其中定义</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�õĲ�����ΪӲ����Ϣ����<span
-lang=EN-US>hd_info[]</span>�е����ݡ�������Ĭ�϶���Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>setup()</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>好的参数作为硬盘信息数组<span
+lang=EN-US>hd_info[]</span>中的数据。否则先默认都设为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>值，在<span
+lang=EN-US>setup()</span>函数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�л����½������á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中会重新进行设置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 #ifdef HD_TYPE</span></p>
@@ -28739,12 +28739,12 @@ lang=EN-US>setup()</span>����</p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_i_struct</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>hd_info</span></u>[] = { HD_TYPE };&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ӳ����Ϣ���顣</p>
+// </span>硬盘信息数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_HD</span></u> ((sizeof (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>hd_info</span></u>))/(sizeof (struct <u><span
-style='color:blue'>hd_i_struct</span></u>)))&nbsp; // </span>����Ӳ�̸�����</p>
+style='color:blue'>hd_i_struct</span></u>)))&nbsp; // </span>计算硬盘个数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 #else</span></p>
@@ -28761,29 +28761,29 @@ static int <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_HD</span></u> = 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ӳ�̷����ṹ������ÿ��������Ӳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʼ�����������ʼ�����źͷ�������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义硬盘分区结构。给出每个分区从硬盘<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>道开始算起的物理起始扇区号和分区扇区总数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>5</span>�ı������������<span
-lang=EN-US>hd[0]</span>��<span lang=EN-US>hd[5]</span>�ȣ���������Ӳ�̵Ĳ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其中<span lang=EN-US>5</span>的倍数处的项（例如<span
+lang=EN-US>hd[0]</span>和<span lang=EN-US>hd[5]</span>等）代表整个硬盘的参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>
 static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_struct</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long start_sect;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������Ӳ���е���ʼ���������ԣ�������</p>
+// </span>分区在硬盘中的起始物理（绝对）扇区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long nr_sects;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����������������</p>
+// </span>分区中扇区总数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u> } <u><span
 style='color:blue'>hd</span></u>[5*<u><span style='color:blue'>MAX_HD</span></u>]={{0,0},};</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ӳ��ÿ���������ݿ��������顣 </p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>硬盘每个分区数据块总数数组。 </p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_sizes</span></u>[5*<u><span
@@ -28791,8 +28791,8 @@ style='color:blue'>MAX_HD</span></u>] = {0, };</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���˿�Ƕ����ꡣ���˿�<span
-lang=EN-US>port</span>������<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>�֣�������<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读端口嵌入汇编宏。读端口<span
+lang=EN-US>port</span>，共读<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>字，保存在<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>port_read</span></u>(port,<u><span
@@ -28804,8 +28804,8 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;cld;rep;insw&quot;</i>::<i>&quot;d&quot;</i> (port),<i>&quot;D&
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>д�˿�Ƕ����ꡣд�˿�<span
-lang=EN-US>port</span>����д<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>�֣���<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>��ȡ���ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>写端口嵌入汇编宏。写端口<span
+lang=EN-US>port</span>，共写<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>字，从<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>中取数据。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>port_write</span></u>(port,<u><span
@@ -28821,37 +28821,37 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;cld;rep;outsw&quot;</i>::<i>&quot;d&quot;</i> (port),<i>&quot;S
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_interrupt</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ӳ���жϹ��̣�<span lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>235</span>�У���</p>
+// </span>硬盘中断过程（<span lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>，<span lang=EN-US>235</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>rd_load</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����̴������غ�����<span lang=EN-US>ramdisk.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>71</span>�У���</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>虚拟盘创建加载函数（<span lang=EN-US>ramdisk.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>71</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u> <b><i>/*
 This may be used only once, enforced by 'static int callable' */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����ú���ֻ�ڳ�ʼ��ʱ������һ�Ρ��þ�̬����<span
-lang=EN-US>callable</span>��Ϊ�ɵ��ñ�־��<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>下面该函数只在初始化时被调用一次。用静态变量<span
+lang=EN-US>callable</span>作为可调用标志。<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ���ú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统设置函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>���ɳ�ʼ������<span
-lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>init</span>�ӳ�������Ϊָ��Ӳ�̲������ṹ��ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数参数<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>是由初始化程序<span
+lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span>中<span lang=EN-US>init</span>子程序设置为指向硬盘参数表结构的指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӳ�̲������ṹ����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ�̲����������ݣ���<span lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽڣ����Ǵ��ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x90080</span>�����ƶ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该硬盘参数表结构包含<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘参数表的内容（共<span lang=EN-US>32</span>字节），是从内存<span
+lang=EN-US>0x90080</span>处复制而来。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x90080</span>����Ӳ�̲���������<span
-lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span>����ȡ�á�Ӳ�̲�������Ϣ�μ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x90080</span>处的硬盘参数表是由<span
+lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>程序利用<span lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span>功能取得。硬盘参数表信息参见程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�б����˵���� ��������Ҫ�����Ƕ�ȡ<span
-lang=EN-US> CMOS</span>��Ӳ�̲�������Ϣ����������Ӳ�̷����ṹ<span lang=EN-US>hd</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>列表后的说明。 本函数主要功能是读取<span
+lang=EN-US> CMOS</span>和硬盘参数表信息，用于设置硬盘分区结构<span lang=EN-US>hd</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Լ���<span lang=EN-US>RAM</span>�����̺͸��ļ�ϵͳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并尝试加载<span lang=EN-US>RAM</span>虚拟盘和根文件系统。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setup</span></u>(void * BIOS)</span></p>
@@ -28860,7 +28860,7 @@ lang=EN-US> CMOS</span>��Ӳ�̲�������Ϣ�������
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 static int callable = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Ʊ�����ֻ�ܱ�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�εı�־��</p>
+// </span>限制本函数只能被调用<span lang=EN-US>1</span>次的标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int i,drive;</span></p>
@@ -28877,19 +28877,19 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>partition</span></u> *p;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>callable</span>��־��ʹ�ñ�����ֻ�ܱ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�Ρ�Ȼ������Ӳ����Ϣ����<span lang=EN-US>hd_info[]</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先设置<span lang=EN-US>callable</span>标志，使得本函数只能被调用<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>次。然后设置硬盘信息数组<span lang=EN-US>hd_info[]</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>
-include/linux/config.h </span>�ļ����Ѷ����˷��ų���<span lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>����ô<span
-lang=EN-US> hd_info[]</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果在<span lang=EN-US>
+include/linux/config.h </span>文件中已定义了符号常数<span lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>，那么<span
+lang=EN-US> hd_info[]</span>数组</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ѿ���ǰ���<span
-lang=EN-US>49</span>�������ú��ˡ��������Ҫ��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>boot/setup.s</span>���������ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x90080</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>已经在前面第<span
+lang=EN-US>49</span>行上设置好了。否则就需要读取<span lang=EN-US>boot/setup.s</span>程序存放在内存<span
+lang=EN-US>0x90080</span>处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ��Ӳ�̲�������<span
-lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>�������ڴ�˴����������һ������Ӳ�̲�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>开始的硬盘参数表。<span
+lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>程序在内存此处连续存放着一到两个硬盘参数表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!callable)</span></p>
@@ -28902,57 +28902,57 @@ callable = 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>
 #ifndef HD_TYPE&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���û�ж���<span lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>�����ȡ��</p>
+// </span>如果没有定义<span lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>，则读取。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for (drive=0 ; drive&lt;2 ; drive++) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_info</span></u>[drive].cyl = *(unsigned short *)
-BIOS;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������</p>
+BIOS;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>柱面数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_info</span></u>[drive].<u><span
-style='color:blue'>head</span></u> = *(unsigned char *) (2+BIOS);&nbsp; // </span>��ͷ����</p>
+style='color:blue'>head</span></u> = *(unsigned char *) (2+BIOS);&nbsp; // </span>磁头数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_info</span></u>[drive].wpcom = *(unsigned short
-*) (5+BIOS); // </span>дǰԤ��������š�</p>
+*) (5+BIOS); // </span>写前预补偿柱面号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_info</span></u>[drive].ctl = *(unsigned char *)
-(8+BIOS);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ֽڡ�</p>
+(8+BIOS);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_info</span></u>[drive].lzone = *(unsigned short
-*) (12+BIOS);// </span>��ͷ��½������š�</p>
+*) (12+BIOS);// </span>磁头着陆区柱面号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_info</span></u>[drive].sect = *(unsigned char *)
-(14+BIOS);&nbsp; // </span>ÿ�ŵ���������</p>
+(14+BIOS);&nbsp; // </span>每磁道扇区数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 BIOS += 16;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ÿ��Ӳ�̲�������<span lang=EN-US>16</span>�ֽڣ�����<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>ָ����һ����</p>
+// </span>每个硬盘参数表长<span lang=EN-US>16</span>字节，这里<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>指向下一表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // setup.s</span>������ȡ<span
-lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>Ӳ�̲�������Ϣʱ�����ϵͳ��ֻ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ӳ�̣��ͻὫ��Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // setup.s</span>程序在取<span
+lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>硬盘参数表信息时，如果系统中只有<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个硬盘，就会将对应第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ӳ�̵�<span lang=EN-US>16</span>�ֽ�ȫ�����㡣�������ֻҪ�жϵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ���������Ƿ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�Ϳ���֪���Ƿ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>硬盘的<span lang=EN-US>16</span>字节全部清零。因此这里只要判断第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘柱面数是否为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>就可以知道是否有</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ���ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘了。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>hd_info</span></u>[1].cyl)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_HD</span></u>=2;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ӳ������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+// </span>硬盘数置为<span lang=EN-US>2</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 else</span></p>
@@ -28964,17 +28964,17 @@ style='color:blue'>NR_HD</span></u>=1;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>
 #endif</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ӳ����Ϣ����<span
-lang=EN-US>hd_info[]</span>�Ѿ����úã�����ȷ����ϵͳ���е�Ӳ����<span lang=EN-US>NR_HD</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>到这里，硬盘信息数组<span
+lang=EN-US>hd_info[]</span>已经设置好，并且确定了系统含有的硬盘数<span lang=EN-US>NR_HD</span>。现在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ����Ӳ�̷����ṹ����<span
-lang=EN-US>hd[]</span>�����������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����<span lang=EN-US>5 </span>�ֱ��ʾ����Ӳ�̵������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>开始设置硬盘分区结构数组<span
+lang=EN-US>hd[]</span>。该数组的项<span lang=EN-US>0</span>和项<span lang=EN-US>5 </span>分别表示两个硬盘的整体参数，而</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1��4</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>6��9</span>�ֱ��ʾ����Ӳ�̵�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�������Ĳ����� �����������ñ�ʾӲ��������Ϣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>项<span lang=EN-US>1—4</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>6—9</span>分别表示两个硬盘的<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个分区的参数。 因此这里仅设置表示硬盘整体信息</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>5</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的两项（项<span lang=EN-US>0</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>5</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0 ; i&lt;<u><span
@@ -28983,7 +28983,7 @@ style='color:blue'>NR_HD</span></u> ; i++) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>hd</span></u>[i*5].start_sect = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ӳ����ʼ�����š�</p>
+// </span>硬盘起始扇区号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>102</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -28993,7 +28993,7 @@ style='color:blue'>hd_info</span></u>[i].<u><span style='color:blue'>head</span>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>103</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_info</span></u>[i].sect*<u><span
-style='color:blue'>hd_info</span></u>[i].cyl;&nbsp; // </span>Ӳ������������</p>
+style='color:blue'>hd_info</span></u>[i].cyl;&nbsp; // </span>硬盘总扇区数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
@@ -29082,49 +29082,49 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*/</i></b></sp
 /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>���Ƕ�<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>�й�Ӳ�̵���Ϣ��Щ���ɣ����ܻ���������������</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>我们对<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>有关硬盘的信息有些怀疑：可能会出现这样的情况，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>������һ��<span lang=EN-US>SCSI/ESDI/</span>�ȵĿ�������������<span lang=EN-US>ST-506</span>��ʽ��<span
+</span>我们有一块<span lang=EN-US>SCSI/ESDI/</span>等的控制器，它是以<span lang=EN-US>ST-506</span>方式与<span
 lang=EN-US>BIOS</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>����ݵģ��������������ǵ�<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>�������У���ȴ�ֲ��ǼĴ�</p>
+</span>相兼容的，因而会出现在我们的<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>参数表中，但却又不是寄存</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�����ݵģ������Щ������<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>���ֲ����ڡ�</p>
+</span>器兼容的，因此这些参数在<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>中又不存在。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>���⣬���Ǽ���<span lang=EN-US>ST-506</span>������������еĻ�����ϵͳ�еĻ�����</p>
+</span>另外，我们假设<span lang=EN-US>ST-506</span>驱动器（如果有的话）是系统中的基本驱</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>������Ҳ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���ֵ���������</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>动器，也即以驱动器<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>或<span lang=EN-US>2</span>出现的驱动器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����������������<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>�ֽ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x12</span>�ĸ߰��ֽ��У���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+</span>第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个驱动器参数存放在<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>字节<span
+lang=EN-US>0x12</span>的高半字节中，第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>����ڵͰ��ֽ��С���<span lang=EN-US>4</span>λ�ֽ���Ϣ���������������ͣ�Ҳ����</p>
+</span>存放在低半字节中。该<span lang=EN-US>4</span>位字节信息可以是驱动器类型，也可能</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0xf</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0xf</span>��ʾʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x19</span>�ֽ���Ϊ������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>λ</p>
+</span>仅是<span lang=EN-US>0xf</span>。<span lang=EN-US>0xf</span>表示使用<span
+lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>中<span lang=EN-US>0x19</span>字节作为驱动器<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>位</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�����ֽڣ�ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x1A</span>�ֽ���Ϊ������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�������ֽڡ�</p>
+</span>类型字节，使用<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>中<span lang=EN-US>0x1A</span>字节作为驱动器<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的类型字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>��֮��һ������ֵ��ζ��Ӳ����һ��<span lang=EN-US>AT</span>����������Ӳ�̡�</p>
+</span>总之，一个非零值意味着硬盘是一个<span lang=EN-US>AT</span>控制器兼容硬盘。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
@@ -29132,18 +29132,18 @@ lang=EN-US>2</span>�������ֽڡ�</p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>127</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������ԭ������������������Ӳ�̵����ǲ���<span
-lang=EN-US>AT</span>���������ݵġ��й�<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>��Ϣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这里根据上述原理，下面代码用来检测硬盘到底是不是<span
+lang=EN-US>AT</span>控制器兼容的。有关<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>信息</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��μ���<span lang=EN-US>4</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>4.2.3.1</span>�ڡ������<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>ƫ�Ƶ�ַ<span lang=EN-US>0x12</span>������Ӳ�������ֽڡ�����Ͱ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>请参见第<span lang=EN-US>4</span>章中<span
+lang=EN-US>4.2.3.1</span>节。这里从<span lang=EN-US>CMOS</span>偏移地址<span lang=EN-US>0x12</span>处读出硬盘类型字节。如果低半</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ֽ�ֵ������ŵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ������ֵ����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ʾϵͳ����Ӳ�̣������ʾϵͳֻ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字节值（存放着第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘类型值）不为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则表示系统有两硬盘，否则表示系统只有<span
 lang=EN-US>1</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӳ�̡����<span
-lang=EN-US>0x12</span>��������ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ʾϵͳ��û��<span lang=EN-US>AT</span>����Ӳ�̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个硬盘。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>0x12</span>处读出的值为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则表示系统中没有<span lang=EN-US>AT</span>兼容硬盘。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>128</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((cmos_disks = <u><span
@@ -29172,11 +29172,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; else</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_HD</span></u> = 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>NR_HD
-= 0</span>��������Ӳ�̶�����<span lang=EN-US>AT</span>���������ݵģ�����Ӳ�����ݽṹȫ���㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若<span lang=EN-US>NR_HD
+= 0</span>，则两个硬盘都不是<span lang=EN-US>AT</span>控制器兼容的，两个硬盘数据结构全清零。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>NR_HD
-= 1</span>���򽫵�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ�̵Ĳ������㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若<span lang=EN-US>NR_HD
+= 1</span>，则将第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘的参数清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>135</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i = <u><span
@@ -29193,30 +29193,30 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ã�����Ϊֹ�����Ѿ�����ȷ����ϵͳ��������Ӳ�̸���<span
-lang=EN-US>NR_HD</span>��������������ȡÿ��Ӳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>好，到此为止我们已经真正确定了系统中所含的硬盘个数<span
+lang=EN-US>NR_HD</span>。现在我们来读取每个硬盘</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ϵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������еķ�������Ϣ���������÷����ṹ����<span
-lang=EN-US>hd[] </span>��Ӳ�̸���������Ϣ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>上第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个扇区中的分区表信息，用来设置分区结构数组<span
+lang=EN-US>hd[] </span>中硬盘各分区的信息。首先利</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ö��麯��<span lang=EN-US>bread()</span>��Ӳ�̵�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ݿ飨<span lang=EN-US>fs/buffer.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>267</span>�У�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>0x300</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用读块函数<span lang=EN-US>bread()</span>读硬盘第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个数据块（<span lang=EN-US>fs/buffer.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>267</span>行），第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数（<span lang=EN-US>0x300</span>、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x305 </span>���ֱ�������Ӳ�̵��豸�ţ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���������ȡ�Ŀ�š����������ɹ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x305 </span>）分别是两个硬盘的设备号，第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个参数（<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）是所需读取的块号。若读操作成功，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ݻᱻ����ڻ����<span
-lang=EN-US>bh</span>���������С��������ͷָ��<span lang=EN-US>bh</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����˵��������ʧ�ܣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则数据会被存放在缓冲块<span
+lang=EN-US>bh</span>的数据区中。若缓冲块头指针<span lang=EN-US>bh</span>为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则说明读操作失败，则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ������Ϣ��ͣ�����������Ǹ���Ӳ�̵�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��������������ֽ�Ӧ����<span lang=EN-US>0xAA55</span>���ж���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>显示出错信息并停机。否则我们根据硬盘第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个扇区最后两个字节应该是<span lang=EN-US>0xAA55</span>来判断扇</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�������ݵ���Ч�ԣ��Ӷ�����֪��������λ��ƫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x1BE</span>��ʼ���ķ������Ƿ���Ч������Ч</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>区中数据的有效性，从而可以知道扇区中位于偏移<span
+lang=EN-US>0x1BE</span>开始处的分区表是否有效。若有效</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӳ�̷�������Ϣ����Ӳ�̷����ṹ����<span
-lang=EN-US>hd[]</span>�С�����ͷ�<span lang=EN-US>bh</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则将硬盘分区表信息放入硬盘分区结构数组<span
+lang=EN-US>hd[]</span>中。最后释放<span lang=EN-US>bh</span>缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (drive=0 ;
@@ -29225,7 +29225,7 @@ drive&lt;<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_HD</span></u> ; drive++) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(bh = <u><span style='color:blue'>bread</span></u>(0x300 + drive*5,0))) {&nbsp;
-// 0x300</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x305</span>���豸�š�</p>
+// 0x300</span>、<span lang=EN-US>0x305</span>是设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -29251,7 +29251,7 @@ if (bh-&gt;b_data[510] != 0x55 || (unsigned char)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>146</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bh-&gt;b_data[511] != 0xAA) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ж�Ӳ�̱�־<span lang=EN-US>0xAA55</span>��</p>
+// </span>判断硬盘标志<span lang=EN-US>0xAA55</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -29268,8 +29268,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-p = 0x1BE + (void *)bh-&gt;b_data;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������λ�ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0x1BE</span>����</p>
+p = 0x1BE + (void *)bh-&gt;b_data;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>分区表位于第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>扇区<span lang=EN-US>0x1BE</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>151</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for
@@ -29291,15 +29291,15 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>brelse</span></u>(bh);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ͷ�Ϊ���Ӳ�����ݿ������Ļ�������</p>
+// </span>释放为存放硬盘数据块而申请的缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ٶ�ÿ�������е����ݿ���������ͳ�ƣ���������Ӳ�̷��������ݿ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>hd_sizes[]</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在再对每个分区中的数据块总数进行统计，并保存在硬盘分区总数据块数组<span
+lang=EN-US>hd_sizes[]</span>中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����豸���ݿ�����ָ������ı��豸��ָ������顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后让设备数据块总数指针数组的本设备项指向该数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0 ; i&lt;5*<u><span
@@ -29315,20 +29315,20 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>blk_size</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR_NR</span></u>]
 = <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_sizes</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������Ӳ�̷����ṹ����<span
-lang=EN-US>hd[]</span>���������ȷʵ��Ӳ�̴��ڲ����Ѷ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在总算完成设置硬盘分区结构数组<span
+lang=EN-US>hd[]</span>的任务。如果确实有硬盘存在并且已读入其分区</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ʾ����������������Ϣ��Ȼ������ϵͳ�ڴ��������м����������а����ĸ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>表，则显示“分区表正常”信息。然后尝试在系统内存虚拟盘中加载启动盘中包含的根文</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ϵͳӳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>blk_drv/ramdisk.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>71</span>�У�������ϵͳ�����������̵�������ж�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>件系统映像（<span
+lang=EN-US>blk_drv/ramdisk.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>71</span>行）。即在系统设置有虚拟盘的情况下判断启动盘</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ƿ񻹺��и��ļ�ϵͳ��ӳ�����ݡ�����У���ʱ�������̳�Ϊ�����̣����԰Ѹ�ӳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>上是否还含有根文件系统的映像数据。如果有（此时该启动盘称为集成盘）则尝试把该映像</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ز���ŵ��������У�Ȼ��Ѵ�ʱ�ĸ��ļ�ϵͳ�豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>ROOT_DEV</span>�޸ĳ������̵��豸�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>加载并存放到虚拟盘中，然后把此时的根文件系统设备号<span
+lang=EN-US>ROOT_DEV</span>修改成虚拟盘的设备号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ٶԽ����豸���г�ʼ�������װ���ļ�ϵͳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着再对交换设备进行初始化。最后安装根文件系统。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -29342,17 +29342,17 @@ ok.\n\r&quot;</i>,(<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_HD</span></u>&gt;1)?<i>&quot;s
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>rd_load</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// blk_drv/ramdisk.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>71</span>�С�</p>
+// blk_drv/ramdisk.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>71</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>init_swapping</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// mm/swap.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>199</span>�С�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// mm/swap.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>199</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>mount_root</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// fs/super.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>241</span>�С�</p>
+// fs/super.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>241</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return (0);</span></p>
@@ -29363,34 +29363,34 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>167</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�жϲ�ѭ���ȴ�Ӳ�̿�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>判断并循环等待硬盘控制器就绪。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӳ�̿�����״̬�Ĵ����˿�<span
-lang=EN-US>HD_STATUS(0x1f7)</span>��ѭ��������е���������������λ��λ<span lang=EN-US>6</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读硬盘控制器状态寄存器端口<span
+lang=EN-US>HD_STATUS(0x1f7)</span>，循环检测其中的驱动器就绪比特位（位<span lang=EN-US>6</span>）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƿ���λ���ҿ�����æλ��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>���Ƿ񱻸�λ�� �������ֵ<span lang=EN-US>retries</span>Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ʾ�ȴ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是否被置位并且控制器忙位（位<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>）是否被复位。 如果返回值<span lang=EN-US>retries</span>为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则表示等待控制</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����е�ʱ���Ѿ���ʱ����������������ֵ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��˵���ڵȴ���ѭ����ʱ�������ڿ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>器空闲的时间已经超时而发生错误，若返回值不为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>则说明在等待（循环）时间期限内控制器</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ص�����״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>OK</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回到空闲状态，<span
+lang=EN-US>OK</span>！</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʵ���ϣ����ǽ�����״̬�Ĵ���æλ��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>���Ƿ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���жϿ������Ƿ���æ״̬������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>实际上，我们仅需检测状态寄存器忙位（位<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>）是否为<span lang=EN-US>1</span>来判断控制器是否处于忙状态，驱动</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ƿ��������λ<span
-lang=EN-US>6</span>�Ƿ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����������״̬�޹ء�������ǿ��԰ѵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>172</span>������д�ɣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>器是否就绪（即位<span
+lang=EN-US>6</span>是否为<span lang=EN-US>1</span>）与控制器的状态无关。因此我们可以把第<span
+lang=EN-US>172</span>行语句改写成：</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>while
-(--retries &amp;&amp; (inb_p(HD_STATUS)&amp;0x80));</span>�����⣬�������ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>PC</span>���ٶȶ��ܿ죬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>“<span lang=EN-US>while
+(--retries &amp;&amp; (inb_p(HD_STATUS)&amp;0x80));</span>”另外，由于现在的<span
+lang=EN-US>PC</span>机速度都很快，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ǿ��԰ѵȴ���ѭ�������ټӴ�һЩ������������<span
-lang=EN-US>10</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因此我们可以把等待的循环次数再加大一些，例如再增加<span
+lang=EN-US>10</span>倍！</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>controller_ready</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -29412,7 +29412,7 @@ style='color:blue'>HD_STATUS</span></u>)&amp;0xc0)!=0x40);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>173</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return (retries);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���صȴ�ѭ��������</p>
+// </span>返回等待循环次数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>174</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -29420,14 +29420,14 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���Ӳ��ִ��������״̬����<span
-lang=EN-US>win </span>��ʾ����˹��Ӳ�̵���д��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>检测硬盘执行命令后的状态。（<span
+lang=EN-US>win </span>表示温切斯特硬盘的缩写）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ״̬�Ĵ����е�����ִ�н��״̬�� ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʾ������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ʾ���������ִ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取状态寄存器中的命令执行结果状态。 返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>表示正常；<span lang=EN-US>1</span>表示出错。如果执行命令错，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ҫ�ٶ�����Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>HD_ERROR</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x1f1</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则需要再读错误寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>HD_ERROR</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0x1f1</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>win_result</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -29438,7 +29438,7 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>178</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i=<u><span
 style='color:blue'>inb_p</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>HD_STATUS</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ״̬��Ϣ��</p>
+// </span>取状态信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>179</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -29461,7 +29461,7 @@ return(0); <b><i>/* ok */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>183</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (i&amp;1) i=<u><span
 style='color:blue'>inb</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>HD_ERROR</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ERR_STAT</span>��λ�����ȡ����Ĵ�����</p>
+// </span>若<span lang=EN-US>ERR_STAT</span>置位，则读取错误寄存器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>184</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return (1);</span></p>
@@ -29472,42 +29472,42 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>186</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��Ӳ�̿�������������顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>向硬盘控制器发送命令块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>drive
-- </span>Ӳ�̺�<span lang=EN-US>(0-1)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>nsect - </span>��д��������<span
-lang=EN-US>sect&nbsp; - </span>��ʼ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>drive
+- </span>硬盘号<span lang=EN-US>(0-1)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>nsect - </span>读写扇区数；<span
+lang=EN-US>sect&nbsp; - </span>起始扇区；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; head&nbsp; - </span>��ͷ�ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cyl&nbsp;&nbsp; - </span>����ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmd&nbsp;&nbsp; - </span>�����루�������������б�����</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; head&nbsp; - </span>磁头号；<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cyl&nbsp;&nbsp; - </span>柱面号；<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmd&nbsp;&nbsp; - </span>命令码（见控制器命令列表）；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; intr_addr() - </span>Ӳ���жϴ��������н����õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>��������ָ�롣</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; intr_addr() - </span>硬盘中断处理程序中将调用的<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>处理函数指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�����Ӳ�̿���������֮��������ȫ��ָ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>ΪӲ���жϴ��������н����õ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数在硬盘控制器就绪之后，先设置全局指针变量<span
+lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>为硬盘中断处理程序中将调用的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // C</span>��������ָ�롣Ȼ���ٷ���Ӳ�̿����ֽں�<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>�ֽڵĲ�������顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // C</span>处理函数指针。然后再发送硬盘控制字节和<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>字节的参数命令块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�����Ӳ�̿���������֮��������ȫ�ֺ���ָ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>ָ��Ӳ���жϴ��������н���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数在硬盘控制器就绪之后，先设置全局函数指针变量<span
+lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>指向硬盘中断处理程序中将会</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���õ�<span lang=EN-US>C</span>����������Ȼ���ٷ���Ӳ�̿����ֽں�<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>�ֽڵĲ�������顣Ӳ���жϴ�������Ĵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>调用的<span lang=EN-US>C</span>处理函数，然后再发送硬盘控制字节和<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>字节的参数命令块。硬盘中断处理程序的代</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>235</span>�д���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>码位于<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>程序第<span
+lang=EN-US>235</span>行处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>191</span>�ж���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���Ĵ�������<span lang=EN-US>__res</span>���ñ�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���Ĵ����У��Ա��ڿ��ٷ��ʡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>191</span>行定义<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个寄存器变量<span lang=EN-US>__res</span>。该变量将被保存在<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个寄存器中，以便于快速访问。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ָ���Ĵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>���������ǿ��԰Ѹþ�д�ɡ�<span lang=EN-US>register char __res asm(&quot;ax&quot;);</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果想指定寄存器（如<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>），则我们可以把该句写成“<span lang=EN-US>register char __res asm(&quot;ax&quot;);</span>”。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>187</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_out</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -29527,19 +29527,19 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>191</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; register int port
-asm(<i>&quot;dx&quot;</i>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ֲ��Ĵ�������������ָ���Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>dx</span>�С�</p>
+asm(<i>&quot;dx&quot;</i>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义局部寄存器变量并放在指定寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>dx</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>192</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȶԲ���������Ч�Լ�顣����������Ŵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��ֻ����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ߴ�ͷ�Ŵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>15</span>�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先对参数进行有效性检查。如果驱动器号大于<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>（只能是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>、<span lang=EN-US>1</span>）或者磁头号大于<span
+lang=EN-US>15</span>，则程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��֧�֣�ͣ����������жϲ�ѭ���ȴ�����������������ȴ�һ��ʱ�����δ�������ʾ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>序不支持，停机。否则就判断并循环等待驱动器就绪。如果等待一段时间后仍未就绪则表示</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ӳ�̿�����������Ҳͣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>硬盘控制器出错，也停机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (drive&gt;1 || <u><span
@@ -29559,71 +29559,71 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;HD controller not
 ready&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������Ӳ���жϷ���ʱ�����õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>����ָ��<span lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>���ú���ָ�붨����<span lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>�ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着我们设置硬盘中断发生时将调用的<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数指针<span lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>（该函数指针定义在<span lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>文件的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>56--109</span>��֮�䣬���ر��������еĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>83</span>�к�<span lang=EN-US>100</span>�У���Ȼ������Ӳ�̿��������Ͳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>56--109</span>行之间，请特别留意其中的第<span
+lang=EN-US>83</span>行和<span lang=EN-US>100</span>行）。然后在向硬盘控制器发送参数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������֮ǰ���涨Ҫ�������������˿ڣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x3f6</span>������һָ��Ӳ�̵Ŀ����ֽڣ��Խ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和命令之前，规定要先向控制器命令端口（<span
+lang=EN-US>0x3f6</span>）发送一指定硬盘的控制字节，以建立相</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ӧ��Ӳ�̿��Ʒ�ʽ���ÿ����ֽڼ���Ӳ����Ϣ�ṹ�����е�<span
-lang=EN-US> ctl </span>�ֶΡ�Ȼ����������˿�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>应的硬盘控制方式。该控制字节即是硬盘信息结构数组中的<span
+lang=EN-US> ctl </span>字段。然后向控制器端口</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x1f1�C0x1f7</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>�ֽڵĲ�������顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x1f1–0x1f7</span>发送<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>字节的参数命令块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>197</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>SET_INTR</span></u>(intr_addr);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// do_hd = intr_addr</span>���ж��б����á�</p>
+// do_hd = intr_addr</span>在中断中被调用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>198</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>hd_info</span></u>[drive].ctl,<u><span
-style='color:blue'>HD_CMD</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ƼĴ�����������ֽڡ�</p>
+style='color:blue'>HD_CMD</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>向控制寄存器输出控制字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>199</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; port=<u><span
 style='color:blue'>HD_DATA</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>dx</span>Ϊ���ݼĴ����˿�<span lang=EN-US>(0x1f0)</span>��</p>
+// </span>置<span lang=EN-US>dx</span>为数据寄存器端口<span lang=EN-US>(0x1f0)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>200</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>hd_info</span></u>[drive].wpcom&gt;&gt;2,++port);
-// </span>������дԤ���������<span lang=EN-US>(</span>���<span lang=EN-US>4)</span>��</p>
+// </span>参数：写预补偿柱面号<span lang=EN-US>(</span>需除<span lang=EN-US>4)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>201</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(nsect,++port);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д����������</p>
+// </span>参数：读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写扇区总数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>202</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(sect,++port);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������ʼ������</p>
+// </span>参数：起始扇区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>203</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(cyl,++port);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����������ŵ�<span lang=EN-US>8</span>λ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>参数：柱面号低<span lang=EN-US>8</span>位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(cyl&gt;&gt;8,++port);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����������Ÿ�<span lang=EN-US>8</span>λ��</p>
+// </span>参数：柱面号高<span lang=EN-US>8</span>位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(0xA0|(drive&lt;&lt;4)|<u><span
-style='color:blue'>head</span></u>,++port);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>+</span>��ͷ�š�</p>
+style='color:blue'>head</span></u>,++port);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：驱动器号<span
+lang=EN-US>+</span>磁头号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>206</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb</span></u>(cmd,++port);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Ӳ�̿������</p>
+// </span>命令：硬盘控制命令。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>207</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -29631,12 +29631,12 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>208</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ȴ�Ӳ�̾�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>等待硬盘就绪。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú���ѭ���ȴ���״̬������æ��־λ��λ�������о�����Ѱ��������־��λ�����ʾӲ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数循环等待主状态控制器忙标志位复位。若仅有就绪或寻道结束标志置位，则表示硬盘</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ɹ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��������һ��ʱ����Ϊæ���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>就绪，成功返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。若经过一段时间仍为忙，则返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>209</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>drive_busy</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -29653,13 +29653,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char c;</sp
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ѭ����ȡ����������״̬�Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>HD_STATUS</span>���ȴ�������־λ��λ����æλ��λ��Ȼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>循环读取控制器的主状态寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>HD_STATUS</span>，等待就绪标志位置位并且忙位复位。然后检测</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����æλ������λ��Ѱ������λ�������о�����Ѱ��������־��λ�����ʾӲ�̾���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其中忙位、就绪位和寻道结束位。若仅有就绪或寻道结束标志置位，则表示硬盘就绪，返回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0</span>�������ʾ�ȴ���ʱ�����Ǿ�����ʾ��Ϣ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0</span>。否则表示等待超时。于是警告显示信息。并返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>214</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i = 0; i &lt;
@@ -29668,7 +29668,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i = 0; i &lt;
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>215</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 c = <u><span style='color:blue'>inb_p</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>HD_STATUS</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��������״̬�ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>取主控制器状态字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>216</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -29690,7 +29690,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>220</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>printk</span></u>(<i>&quot;HD controller times out\n\r&quot;</i>);&nbsp;
-&nbsp;// </span>�ȴ���ʱ����ʾ��Ϣ��������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+&nbsp;// </span>等待超时，显示信息。并返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>221</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return(1);</span></p>
@@ -29701,17 +29701,17 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>223</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ϸ�λ������У����Ӳ�̿�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>诊断复位（重新校正）硬盘控制器。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ƼĴ����˿ڣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x3f6</span>������������λ��<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�������ֽڡ�Ȼ��ѭ���ղ����ȴ�һ��ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先向控制寄存器端口（<span
+lang=EN-US>0x3f6</span>）发送允许复位（<span lang=EN-US>4</span>）控制字节。然后循环空操作等待一段时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ÿ�����ִ�и�λ��������������ö˿ڷ��������Ŀ����ֽ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����ֹ���ԡ��ض�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>间让控制器执行复位操作。接着再向该端口发送正常的控制字节<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>不禁止重试、重读<span lang=EN-US>)</span>，并等</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӳ�̾��������ȴ�Ӳ�̾�����ʱ������ʾ������Ϣ��Ȼ���ȡ����Ĵ������ݣ����䲻��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>待硬盘就绪。若等待硬盘就绪超时，则显示警告信息。然后读取错误寄存器内容，若其不等</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����ʾ�޴�������ʾӲ�̿�������λʧ����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于<span lang=EN-US>1</span>（表示无错误）则显示硬盘控制器复位失败信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>224</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>reset_controller</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -29729,18 +29729,18 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb</span></u>(4,<u><span style='color:blue'>HD_CMD</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����ƼĴ����˿ڷ��͸�λ�����ֽڡ�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>向控制寄存器端口发送复位控制字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>229</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for(i = 0; i &lt;
 1000; i++) <u><span style='color:blue'>nop</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ȴ�һ��ʱ�䡣</p>
+// </span>等待一段时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>230</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>hd_info</span></u>[0].ctl
-&amp; 0x0f ,<u><span style='color:blue'>HD_CMD</span></u>);&nbsp; // </span>�������������ֽ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����ֹ���ԡ��ض�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+&amp; 0x0f ,<u><span style='color:blue'>HD_CMD</span></u>);&nbsp; // </span>发送正常控制字节<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>不禁止重试、重读<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>231</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -29767,13 +29767,13 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>236</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>Ӳ�̸�λ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>硬盘复位操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ�λ������У����Ӳ�̿�������Ȼ����Ӳ�̿���������������������������ڱ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先复位（重新校正）硬盘控制器。然后发送硬盘控制器命令“建立驱动器参数”。在本</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������Ӳ���жϴ����������ֻ���ñ���������ʱ�ú��������ִ�и�����Ľ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>命令引起的硬盘中断处理程序中又会调用本函数。此时该函数会根据执行该命令的结果判</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ƿ�Ҫ���г����������Ǽ���ִ���������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>断是否要进行出错处理或是继续执行请求项处理操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>237</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>reset_hd</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -29787,28 +29787,28 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; static int i;</span>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>240</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����λ��־<span
-lang=EN-US>reset</span>����λ�ģ����ڰѸ�λ��־�����ִ�и�λӲ�̿�����������Ȼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果复位标志<span
+lang=EN-US>reset</span>是置位的，则在把复位标志清零后，执行复位硬盘控制器操作。然后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ե�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>��Ӳ������������͡����������������������������ִ���˸�������ֻ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>针对第<span lang=EN-US>i</span>个硬盘向控制器发送“建立驱动器参数”命令。当控制器执行了该命令后，又会</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ӳ���ж��źš���ʱ�������ᱻ�жϹ��̵��ö��ٴ�ִ�С�����<span
-lang=EN-US>reset</span>�Ѿ���־��λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>发出硬盘中断信号。此时本函数会被中断过程调用而再次执行。由于<span
+lang=EN-US>reset</span>已经标志复位，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��˻�����ȥִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>246</span>�п�ʼ����䣬�ж�����ִ���Ƿ������������Ƿ�������ͻ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因此会首先去执行<span
+lang=EN-US>246</span>行开始的语句，判断命令执行是否正常。若还是发生错误就会调用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // bad_rw_intr() </span>������ͳ�Ƴ������������ݴ�ȷ���Ƿ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>reset</span>��־�������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // bad_rw_intr() </span>函数以统计出错次数并根据次确定是否在设置<span
+lang=EN-US>reset</span>标志。如果又设置了</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // reset</span>��־����ת��<span
-lang=EN-US>repeat</span>����ִ�б�����������λ�����������������һ��Ӳ�̷���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // reset</span>标志则跳转到<span
+lang=EN-US>repeat</span>重新执行本函数。若复位操作正常，则针对下一个硬盘发送</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������������������������ͬ�����������ϵͳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>NR_HD</span>��Ӳ�̶��Ѿ�����ִ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>“建立驱动器参数”命令，并作上述同样处理。如果系统中<span
+lang=EN-US>NR_HD</span>个硬盘都已经正常执行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�˷��͵�������ٴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>������ʼ����������д�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>了发送的命令，则再次<span
+lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>函数开始对请求项进行处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>241</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> repeat:</span></p>
@@ -29824,7 +29824,7 @@ style='color:blue'>reset</span></u> = 0;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>244</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 i = -1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ����ǰӲ�̺ţ���̬��������</p>
+// </span>初始化当前硬盘号（静态变量）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>245</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -29851,7 +29851,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>251</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i++;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������һ��Ӳ�̣���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+// </span>处理下一个硬盘（第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>252</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (i &lt; <u><span
@@ -29874,7 +29874,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } else</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>256</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>do_hd_request</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ִ�����������</p>
+// </span>执行请求项处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>257</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -29882,18 +29882,18 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>258</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����Ӳ���жϵ��ú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>意外硬盘中断调用函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ӳ���ж�ʱ��Ӳ���жϴ��������е��õ�Ĭ��<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>�����������ڱ����ú���ָ��Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>发生意外硬盘中断时，硬盘中断处理程序中调用的默认<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>处理函数。在被调用函数指针为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // NULL</span>ʱ���øú������μ���<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>����<span lang=EN-US>256</span>�У����ú�������ʾ������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // NULL</span>时调用该函数。参见（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>256</span>行）。该函数在显示警告信息后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ø�λ��־<span
-lang=EN-US>reset</span>��Ȼ����������������<span lang=EN-US>go_hd_request()</span>��������ִ�и�λ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置复位标志<span
+lang=EN-US>reset</span>，然后继续调用请求项函数<span lang=EN-US>go_hd_request()</span>并在其中执行复位处理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>259</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>unexpected_hd_interrupt</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -29919,14 +29919,14 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>265</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��дӲ��ʧ�ܴ������ú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>读写硬盘失败处理调用函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ʱ�ĳ����������ڻ����<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>��ʱ���������ǰ��������ѵȴ�������Ľ��̣�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果读扇区时的出错次数大于或等于<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>次时，则结束当前请求项并唤醒等待该请求的进程，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ҷ�Ӧ���������±�־��λ����ʾ����û�и��¡������дһ����ʱ�ĳ��������Ѿ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>而且对应缓冲区更新标志复位，表示数据没有更新。如果读写一扇区时的出错次数已经大于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 3</span>�Σ���Ҫ��ִ�и�λӲ�̿��������������ø�λ��־����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 3</span>次，则要求执行复位硬盘控制器操作（设置复位标志）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>266</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>bad_rw_intr</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -29958,16 +29958,16 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>273</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�������жϵ��ú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>读操作中断调用函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�������Ӳ�̶��������ʱ������Ӳ���жϹ����б����á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数将在硬盘读命令结束时引发的硬盘中断过程中被调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڶ�����ִ�к�����Ӳ���ж��źţ���ִ��Ӳ���жϴ������򣬴�ʱ��Ӳ���жϴ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在读命令执行后会产生硬盘中断信号，并执行硬盘中断处理程序，此时在硬盘中断处理程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�е��õ�<span lang=EN-US>C</span>����ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>�Ѿ�ָ��<span lang=EN-US>read_intr()</span>����˻���һ�ζ�����������ɣ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中调用的<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数指针<span
+lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>已经指向<span lang=EN-US>read_intr()</span>，因此会在一次读扇区操作完成（或出错）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ͻ�ִ�иú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>后就会执行该函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>274</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>read_intr</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -29975,33 +29975,33 @@ lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>read_intr</span></u>(void)</
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>275</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú��������жϴ˴ζ���������Ƿ����������������������������æ״̬����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先判断此次读命令操作是否出错。若命令结束后控制器还处于忙状态，或者命令</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�д�������Ӳ�̲���ʧ�����⣬�����ٴ�����Ӳ������λ������ִ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行错误，则处理硬盘操作失败问题，接着再次请求硬盘作复位处理并执行其他请求项。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�󷵻ء�ÿ�ζ�������������Ե�ǰ�����������������ۼƣ����������������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后返回。每次读操作出错都会对当前请求项作出错次数累计，若出错次数不到最大允许</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������һ�룬�����ִ��Ӳ�̸�λ������Ȼ����ִ�б������������������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>出错次数的一半，则会先执行硬盘复位操作，然后再执行本次请求项处理。若出错次数已</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڵ������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>MAX_ERRORS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>7</span>�Σ������������������Ĵ�����ȥ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>经大于等于最大允许出错次数<span
+lang=EN-US>MAX_ERRORS</span>（<span lang=EN-US>7</span>次），则结束本次请求项的处理而去处理队</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������һ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>列中下一个请求项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>276</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>win_result</span></u>()) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��������æ����д��������ִ�д���</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>若控制器忙、读写错或命令执行错，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>277</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>bad_rw_intr</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����ж�дӲ��ʧ�ܴ�����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>则进行读写硬盘失败处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>278</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>do_hd_request</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�ٴ�����Ӳ������Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>������</p>
+</span>再次请求硬盘作相应<span lang=EN-US>(</span>复位<span lang=EN-US>)</span>处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>279</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -30010,56 +30010,56 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>280</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������û�г�����������ݼĴ����˿ڰ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����������ݶ���������Ļ������У�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果读命令没有出错，则从数据寄存器端口把<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个扇区的数据读到请求项的缓冲区中，并且</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ݼ������������ȡ��������ֵ�����ݼ��󲻵���<span
-lang=EN-US> 0</span>����ʾ��������������ûȡ�꣬����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>递减请求项所需读取的扇区数值。若递减后不等于<span
+lang=EN-US> 0</span>，表示本项请求还有数据没取完，于是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ٴ����жϵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>����ָ��<span lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>read_intr()</span>��ֱ�ӷ��أ��ȴ�Ӳ���ڶ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再次置中断调用<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数指针<span lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>为<span lang=EN-US>read_intr()</span>并直接返回，等待硬盘在读出另<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个扇区</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݺ󷢳��жϲ��ٴε��ñ�������ע�⣺<span
-lang=EN-US>281</span>������е�<span lang=EN-US>256</span>��ָ�ڴ��֣���<span lang=EN-US>512</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数据后发出中断并再次调用本函数。注意：<span
+lang=EN-US>281</span>行语句中的<span lang=EN-US>256</span>是指内存字，即<span lang=EN-US>512</span>字节。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ע��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>262</span>���ٴ���<span lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>ָ��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>read_intr()</span>����ΪӲ���жϴ�������ÿ�ε���<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>注意<span lang=EN-US>1</span>：<span
+lang=EN-US>262</span>行再次置<span lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>指针指向<span lang=EN-US>read_intr()</span>是因为硬盘中断处理程序每次调用<span
 lang=EN-US>do_hd</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʱ���Ὣ�ú���ָ���ÿա��μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>251��253</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>时都会将该函数指针置空。参见<span
+lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>程序第<span lang=EN-US>251—253</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>281</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>port_read</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>HD_DATA</span></u>,<u><span
-style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;buffer,256);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ݵ�����ṹ��������</p>
+style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;buffer,256);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读数据到请求结构缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>282</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;errors = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����������</p>
+// </span>清出错次数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>283</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;buffer += 512;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����������ָ�룬ָ���µĿ�����</p>
+// </span>调整缓冲区指针，指向新的空区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>284</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>sector</span></u>++;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ�����ż�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+// </span>起始扇区号加<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>285</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (--<u><span
 style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;nr_sectors) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������������������û���꣬����</p>
+// </span>如果所需读出的扇区数还没读完，则再</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>286</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>SET_INTR</span></u>(&amp;<u><span style='color:
-blue'>read_intr</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӳ�̵���<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>����ָ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>read_intr()</span>��</p>
+blue'>read_intr</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>置硬盘调用<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数指针为<span lang=EN-US>read_intr()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>287</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -30068,18 +30068,18 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>288</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;}</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�е��ˣ�˵�������������ȫ�����������Ѿ����꣬�����<span
-lang=EN-US>end_request()</span>����ȥ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行到此，说明本次请求项的全部扇区数据已经读完，则调用<span
+lang=EN-US>end_request()</span>函数去处理请</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ˡ� ����ٴε��� <span
-lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>��ȥ��������Ӳ�������ִ������Ӳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>求项结束事宜。 最后再次调用 <span
+lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>，去处理其他硬盘请求项。执行其他硬盘</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>请求操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>289</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>end_request</span></u>(1);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����Ѹ��±�־��λ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+// </span>数据已更新标志置位（<span lang=EN-US>1</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>290</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -30091,17 +30091,17 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>292</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>д�����жϵ��ú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>写扇区中断调用函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�������Ӳ��д�������ʱ������Ӳ���жϹ����б����á�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>read_intr()</span>���ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数将在硬盘写命令结束时引发的硬盘中断过程中被调用。函数功能与<span
+lang=EN-US>read_intr()</span>类似。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��д����ִ�к�����Ӳ���ж��źţ���ִ��Ӳ���жϴ������򣬴�ʱ��Ӳ���жϴ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在写命令执行后会产生硬盘中断信号，并执行硬盘中断处理程序，此时在硬盘中断处理程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�е��õ�<span lang=EN-US>C</span>����ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>�Ѿ�ָ��<span lang=EN-US>write_intr()</span>����˻���һ��д����������ɣ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中调用的<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数指针<span
+lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>已经指向<span lang=EN-US>write_intr()</span>，因此会在一次写扇区操作完成（或出错）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ͻ�ִ�иú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>后就会执行该函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>293</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>write_intr</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -30109,38 +30109,38 @@ lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>write_intr</span></u>(void)<
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>294</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú��������жϴ˴�д��������Ƿ����������������������������æ״̬����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先判断此次写命令操作是否出错。若命令结束后控制器还处于忙状态，或者命令</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�д�������Ӳ�̲���ʧ�����⣬�����ٴ�����Ӳ������λ������ִ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行错误，则处理硬盘操作失败问题，接着再次请求硬盘作复位处理并执行其他请求项。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�󷵻ء��� <span
-lang=EN-US>bad_rw_intr() </span>�����У�ÿ�β�����������Ե�ǰ�����������������ۼƣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后返回。在 <span
+lang=EN-US>bad_rw_intr() </span>函数中，每次操作出错都会对当前请求项作出错次数累计，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������������������������һ�룬�����ִ��Ӳ�̸�λ������Ȼ����ִ�б�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若出错次数不到最大允许出错次数的一半，则会先执行硬盘复位操作，然后再执行本次请</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������������Ѿ����ڵ������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>MAX_ERRORS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>7</span>�Σ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>求项处理。若出错次数已经大于等于最大允许出错次数<span
+lang=EN-US>MAX_ERRORS</span>（<span lang=EN-US>7</span>次），则结束本次</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ĵ�����ȥ������������һ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>�л���ݵ�ʱ����ı�־</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>请求项的处理而去处理队列中下一个请求项。<span
+lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>中会根据当时具体的标志</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>״̬���б��Ƿ���Ҫ��ִ�и�λ������У���Ȳ�����Ȼ���ټ���������һ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>状态来判别是否需要先执行复位、重新校正等操作，然后再继续或处理下一个请求项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>295</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>win_result</span></u>()) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���Ӳ�̿��������ش�����Ϣ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>如果硬盘控制器返回错误信息，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>296</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>bad_rw_intr</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����Ƚ���Ӳ�̶�дʧ�ܴ�����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>则首先进行硬盘读写失败处理，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>297</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>do_hd_request</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�ٴ�����Ӳ������Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>������</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>再次请求硬盘作相应<span lang=EN-US>(</span>复位<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>298</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return;</span></p>
@@ -30148,46 +30148,46 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>299</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ˵������дһ���������ɹ�����˽���д��������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����䲻Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����˵����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时说明本次写一扇区操作成功，因此将欲写扇区数减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。若其不为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则说明还有扇区</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ҫд�����ǰѵ�ǰ������ʼ������<span
-lang=EN-US> +1</span>�����������������ݻ�����ָ��ָ����һ����д��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>要写，于是把当前请求起始扇区号<span
+lang=EN-US> +1</span>，并调整请求项数据缓冲区指针指向下一块欲写的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݡ�Ȼ��������Ӳ���жϴ��������е��õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>����ָ��<span lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>��ָ�򱾺�������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数据。然后再重置硬盘中断处理程序中调用的<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数指针<span lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>（指向本函数）。接着向</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ݶ˿�д��<span
-lang=EN-US>512</span>�ֽ����ݣ�Ȼ��������ȥ�ȴ�����������Щ����д��Ӳ�̺��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制器数据端口写入<span
+lang=EN-US>512</span>字节数据，然后函数返回去等待控制器把这些数据写入硬盘后产</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>生的中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>300</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (--<u><span
 style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;nr_sectors) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����������Ҫд����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>若还有扇区要写，则</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>301</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>sector</span></u>++;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��ǰ������ʼ������<span lang=EN-US>+1</span>��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>当前请求起始扇区号<span lang=EN-US>+1</span>，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>302</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;buffer += 512;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�������󻺳���ָ�룬</p>
+</span>调整请求缓冲区指针，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>303</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>SET_INTR</span></u>(&amp;<u><span style='color:
-blue'>write_intr</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// do_hd</span>�ú���ָ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>write_intr()</span>��</p>
+blue'>write_intr</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// do_hd</span>置函数指针为<span
+lang=EN-US>write_intr()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>304</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>port_write</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>HD_DATA</span></u>,<u><span
-style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;buffer,256);&nbsp; // </span>�����ݶ˿�д<span
-lang=EN-US>256</span>�֡�</p>
+style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;buffer,256);&nbsp; // </span>向数据端口写<span
+lang=EN-US>256</span>字。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>305</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -30196,21 +30196,21 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>306</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������ȫ�����������Ѿ�д�꣬�����<span
-lang=EN-US>end_request()</span>����ȥ����������������ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若本次请求项的全部扇区数据已经写完，则调用<span
+lang=EN-US>end_request()</span>函数去处理请求项结束事宜。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ٴε��� <span
-lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>��ȥ��������Ӳ�������ִ������Ӳ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后再次调用 <span
+lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>，去处理其他硬盘请求项。执行其他硬盘请求操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>307</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>end_request</span></u>(1);&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��������������ˣ������ø��±�־����</p>
+</span>处理请求结束事宜（已设置更新标志）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>308</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>do_hd_request</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ִ������Ӳ�����������</p>
+// </span>执行其他硬盘请求操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>309</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -30218,24 +30218,24 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>310</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>Ӳ������У������λ���жϵ��ú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>硬盘重新校正（复位）中断调用函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�������Ӳ��ִ������У��������������Ӳ���ж��б����á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数会在硬盘执行重新校正操作而引发的硬盘中断中被调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ӳ�̿��������ش�����Ϣ���������Ƚ���Ӳ�̶�дʧ�ܴ�����Ȼ������Ӳ������Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果硬盘控制器返回错误信息，则函数首先进行硬盘读写失败处理，然后请求硬盘作相应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����λ�������� �� <span
-lang=EN-US>bad_rw_intr() </span>�����У�ÿ�β�����������Ե�ǰ����������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（复位）处理。 在 <span
+lang=EN-US>bad_rw_intr() </span>函数中，每次操作出错都会对当前请求项作出错次数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ۼƣ��������������������������������һ�룬�����ִ��Ӳ�̸�λ������Ȼ����ִ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>累计，若出错次数不到最大允许出错次数的一半，则会先执行硬盘复位操作，然后再执行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������������������Ѿ����ڵ������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>MAX_ERRORS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>7</span>�Σ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>本次请求项处理。若出错次数已经大于等于最大允许出错次数<span
+lang=EN-US>MAX_ERRORS</span>（<span lang=EN-US>7</span>次），则结</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������Ĵ�����ȥ������������һ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>do_hd_request() </span>�л���ݵ�ʱ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>束本次请求项的处理而去处理队列中下一个请求项。<span
+lang=EN-US>do_hd_request() </span>中会根据当时具体</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ı�־״̬���б��Ƿ���Ҫ��ִ�и�λ������У���Ȳ�����Ȼ���ټ���������һ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的标志状态来判别是否需要先执行复位、重新校正等操作，然后再继续或处理下一请求项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>311</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>recal_intr</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -30246,7 +30246,7 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>313</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>win_result</span></u>())&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����س����������<span lang=EN-US>bad_rw_intr()</span>��</p>
+// </span>若返回出错，则调用<span lang=EN-US>bad_rw_intr()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>314</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -30262,24 +30262,24 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>317</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ӳ�̲�����ʱ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>硬盘操作超时处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������<span lang=EN-US>do_timer()</span>�У�<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>340</span>�У������á�����Ӳ�̿�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>本函数会在<span lang=EN-US>do_timer()</span>中（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>340</span>行）被调用。在向硬盘控制器发送了</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ����������ھ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>hd_timeout</span>��ϵͳ�δ���������û�з���һ��Ӳ���ж��źţ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一个命令后，若在经过了<span
+lang=EN-US>hd_timeout</span>个系统滴答后控制器还没有发出一个硬盘中断信号，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��˵������������Ӳ�̣�������ʱ����ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>do_timer()</span>�ͻ���ñ��������ø�λ��־<span lang=EN-US>reset</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则说明控制器（或硬盘）操作超时。此时<span
+lang=EN-US>do_timer()</span>就会调用本函数设置复位标志<span lang=EN-US>reset</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>ִ�и�λ����������Ԥ��ʱ���ڣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>200</span>�δ�Ӳ�̿�����������Ӳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并调用<span lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>执行复位处理。若在预定时间内（<span
+lang=EN-US>200</span>滴答）硬盘控制器发出了硬</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���жϲ���ʼִ��Ӳ���жϴ���������ô<span
-lang=EN-US>ht_timeout</span>ֵ�ͻ����жϴ��������б���<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>盘中断并开始执行硬盘中断处理程序，那么<span
+lang=EN-US>ht_timeout</span>值就会在中断处理程序中被置<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ<span lang=EN-US>do_timer()</span>�ͻ�������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时<span lang=EN-US>do_timer()</span>就会跳过本函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>318</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_times_out</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -30287,18 +30287,18 @@ lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_times_out</span></u>(void)</span
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>319</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ��û��������Ҫ�������豸������ָ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�������޳�ʱ���ԣ�ֱ�ӷ��ء���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前并没有请求项要处理（设备请求项指针为<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>），则无超时可言，直接返回。否</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʾ������Ϣ��Ȼ���жϵ�ǰ������ִ�й����з����ĳ��������Ƿ��Ѿ������趨ֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则先显示警告信息，然后判断当前请求项执行过程中发生的出错次数是否已经大于设定值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // MAX_ERRORS</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>�������������ʧ����ʽ��������������Ĵ��������������ݸ��±�־����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // MAX_ERRORS</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>）。如果是则以失败形式结束本次请求项的处理（不设置数据更新标志）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����жϹ����е��õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>����ָ��<span lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>�ÿգ������ø�λ��־<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>���̶���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后把中断过程中调用的<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数指针<span lang=EN-US>do_hd</span>置空，并设置复位标志<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>，继而在请求项</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>��ȥִ�и�λ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处理函数<span lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>中去执行复位操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>320</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!<u><span
@@ -30324,12 +30324,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>325</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>SET_INTR</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>do_hd = NULL,time_out=200</span>��</p>
+// </span>令<span lang=EN-US>do_hd = NULL,time_out=200</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>326</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>reset</span></u> = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ø�λ��־��</p>
+// </span>设置复位标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>327</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -30341,28 +30341,28 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>329</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ִ��Ӳ�̶�д���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>执行硬盘读写请求操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú��������豸��ǰ�������е��豸�ź���ʼ��������Ϣ���ȼ���õ���ӦӲ���ϵ�����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数根据设备当前请求项中的设备号和起始扇区号信息首先计算得到对应硬盘上的柱面号、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ�ŵ��������š���ͷ�����ݣ�Ȼ���ٸ����������е����<span
-lang=EN-US>READ/WRITE</span>����Ӳ�̷�����Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前磁道中扇区号、磁头号数据，然后再根据请求项中的命令（<span
+lang=EN-US>READ/WRITE</span>）对硬盘发送相应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д���
-����������λ��־��Ӳ������У����־�ѱ���λ����ô���Ȼ�ȥִ�и�λ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写命令。
+若控制器复位标志或硬盘重新校正标志已被置位，那么首先会去执行复位或重新</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>У��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>校正操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ʱ�ǿ��豸�ĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����ԭ���豸���У�������豸��ǰ������ָ���ֱ��ָ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若请求项此时是块设备的第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个（原来设备空闲），则块设备当前请求项指针会直接指向该请</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����μ�<span lang=EN-US>ll_rw_blk.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>28</span>�У����������̵��ñ�����ִ�ж�д������������һ����д����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>求项（参见<span lang=EN-US>ll_rw_blk.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>28</span>行），并会立刻调用本函数执行读写操作。否则在一个读写操作</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ɶ�������Ӳ���жϹ����У���������������Ҫ��������Ҳ����Ӳ���жϹ����е��ñ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>完成而引发的硬盘中断过程中，若还有请求项需要处理，则也会在硬盘中断过程中调用本函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�μ�<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>235</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参见<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>235</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>330</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>do_hd_request</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -30387,24 +30387,24 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned int nsect;<
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>336</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ȼ��������ĺϷ��ԡ��������������û�����������˳����μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>��<span lang=EN-US>127</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数首先检测请求项的合法性。若请求队列中已没有请求项则退出（参见<span
+lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>，<span lang=EN-US>127</span>行）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��ȡ�豸���е����豸�ţ����б����Ӳ���豸�ŵ�˵�����Լ��豸��ǰ�������е���ʼ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后取设备号中的子设备号（见列表后对硬盘设备号的说明）以及设备当前请求项中的起始</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����š����豸�ż���ӦӲ���ϸ�������������豸�Ų����ڻ�����ʼ�������ڸ�
-������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扇区号。子设备号即对应硬盘上各分区。如果子设备号不存在或者起始扇区大于该
+分区扇</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>-2</span>������������������ת�����<span
-lang=EN-US>repeat</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>INIT_REQUEST</span>��ʼ��������Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>区数<span lang=EN-US>-2</span>，则结束该请求项，并跳转到标号<span
+lang=EN-US>repeat</span>处（定义在<span lang=EN-US>INIT_REQUEST</span>开始处）。因为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ��Ҫ���дһ�����ݣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽڣ�����������������Ų��ܴ��ڷ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一次要求读写一块数据（<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个扇区，即<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节），所以请求的扇区号不能大于分区中最后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڶ��������š�Ȼ��ͨ���������豸�Ŷ�Ӧ��������ʼ�����ţ��Ͱ���Ҫ��д�Ŀ��Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>倒数第二个扇区号。然后通过加上子设备号对应分区的起始扇区号，就把需要读写的块对应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ӳ�̵ľ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>�ϡ������豸�ű�<span lang=EN-US>5</span>�������ɵõ���Ӧ��Ӳ�̺š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>到整个硬盘的绝对扇区号<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>上。而子设备号被<span lang=EN-US>5</span>整除即可得到对应的硬盘号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>337</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -30417,7 +30417,7 @@ style='color:blue'>MINOR</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>339</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; block = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>sector</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ʼ������</p>
+// </span>请求的起始扇区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>340</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (dev &gt;= 5*<u><span
@@ -30431,7 +30431,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>342</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 goto repeat;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ñ����<span lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>����档</p>
+// </span>该标号在<span lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>最后面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>343</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
@@ -30442,37 +30442,37 @@ style='color:blue'>hd</span></u>[dev].start_sect;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>345</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dev /= 5;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʱ<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>����Ӳ�̺ţ�Ӳ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����Ӳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+// </span>此时<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>代表硬盘号（硬盘<span lang=EN-US>0</span>还是硬盘<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�������õľ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>��Ӳ�̺�<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>�����ǾͿ��Լ������ӦӲ���еĴŵ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后根据求得的绝对扇区号<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>和硬盘号<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>，我们就可以计算出对应硬盘中的磁道中扇</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ţ�<span lang=EN-US>sec</span>������������ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>cyl</span>�� �ʹ�ͷ�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>head</span>���� ����Ƕ��Ļ����뼴��������Ӳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>区号（<span lang=EN-US>sec</span>）、所在柱面号（<span
+lang=EN-US>cyl</span>） 和磁头号（<span lang=EN-US>head</span>）。 下面嵌入的汇编代码即用来根据硬</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ϣ�ṹ�е�ÿ�ŵ���������Ӳ�̴�ͷ����������Щ���ݡ����㷽��Ϊ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>盘信息结构中的每磁道扇区数和硬盘磁头数来计算这些数据。计算方法为：</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 310--311</span>�д����ʼʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>block</span>��<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>divl</span>ָ���<span lang=EN-US>edx:eax</span>��ɵ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 310--311</span>行代码初始时<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>是扇区号<span lang=EN-US>block</span>，<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>中置<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。<span lang=EN-US>divl</span>指令把<span lang=EN-US>edx:eax</span>组成的扇区</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ų���ÿ�ŵ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>hd_info[dev].sect</span>��������������ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>�У�������<span
-lang=EN-US>edx</span>�С���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号除以每磁道扇区数（<span
+lang=EN-US>hd_info[dev].sect</span>），所得整数商值在<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>中，余数在<span
+lang=EN-US>edx</span>中。其</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>���ǵ�ָ��λ�õĶ�Ӧ�ܴŵ��������д�ͷ�棩��<span
-lang=EN-US>edx</span>���ǵ�ǰ�ŵ��ϵ������š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>中是到指定位置的对应总磁道数（所有磁头面），<span
+lang=EN-US>edx</span>中是当前磁道上的扇区号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 312--313</span>�д����ʼʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>�Ǽ�����Ķ�Ӧ�ܴŵ�����<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>divl</span>ָ���<span lang=EN-US>edx:eax</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 312--313</span>行代码初始时<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>是计算出的对应总磁道数，<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>中置<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。<span
+lang=EN-US>divl</span>指令把<span lang=EN-US>edx:eax</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ķ�Ӧ�ܴŵ�������Ӳ���ܴ�ͷ����<span
-lang=EN-US>hd_info[dev].head</span>������<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>�еõ�������ֵ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的对应总磁道数除以硬盘总磁头数（<span
+lang=EN-US>hd_info[dev].head</span>），在<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>中得到的整除值是柱面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>cyl</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>edx</span>�еõ����������Ƕ�Ӧ�õ�ǰ��ͷ�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>head</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号（<span lang=EN-US>cyl</span>），<span
+lang=EN-US>edx</span>中得到的余数就是对应得当前磁头号（<span lang=EN-US>head</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>346</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; __asm__(<i>&quot;divl
@@ -30496,38 +30496,38 @@ style='color:blue'>head</span></u>));</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>350</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sec++;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�Լ������õ�ǰ�ŵ������Ž��е�����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>对计算所得当前磁道扇区号进行调整。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>351</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nsect = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;nr_sectors;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>����<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д����������</p>
+</span>欲读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写的扇区数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ���ǵõ�������д��Ӳ����ʼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>����Ӧ��Ӳ��������ţ�<span lang=EN-US>cyl</span>�����ڵ�ǰ�ŵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时我们得到了欲读写的硬盘起始扇区<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>所对应的硬盘上柱面号（<span lang=EN-US>cyl</span>）、在当前磁道</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ϵ������ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>sec</span>������ͷ�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>head</span>���Լ�����д������������<span
-lang=EN-US>nsect</span>���� �������ǿ��Ը�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>上的扇区号（<span
+lang=EN-US>sec</span>）、磁头号（<span lang=EN-US>head</span>）以及欲读写的总扇区数（<span
+lang=EN-US>nsect</span>）。 接着我们可以根</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Щ��Ϣ��Ӳ�̿���������<span
-lang=EN-US>I/O</span>������Ϣ�ˡ� ���ڷ���֮ǰ���ǻ���Ҫ�ȿ����Ƿ��и�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>据这些信息向硬盘控制器发送<span
+lang=EN-US>I/O</span>操作信息了。 但在发送之前我们还需要先看看是否有复</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ������״̬������У��Ӳ�̵ı�־��ͨ���ڸ�λ����֮����Ҫ����У��Ӳ�̴�ͷλ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位控制器状态和重新校正硬盘的标志。通常在复位操作之后都需要重新校正硬盘磁头位置。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Щ��־�ѱ���λ����˵��ǰ���Ӳ�̲������ܳ�����һЩ���⣬����������ϵͳ��һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若这些标志已被置位，则说明前面的硬盘操作可能出现了一些问题，或者现在是系统第一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӳ�̶�д����������� �������Ǿ���Ҫ���¸�λӲ�̻������������У��Ӳ�̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>次硬盘读写操作等情况。 于是我们就需要重新复位硬盘或控制器并重新校正硬盘。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʱ��λ��־<span
-lang=EN-US>reset</span>����λ�ģ�����Ҫִ�и�λ��������λӲ�̺Ϳ�����������Ӳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果此时复位标志<span
+lang=EN-US>reset</span>是置位的，则需要执行复位操作。复位硬盘和控制器，并置硬盘</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ҫ����У����־�����ء�<span
-lang=EN-US>reset_hd()</span>��������Ӳ�̿��������͸�λ������У�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>需要重新校正标志，返回。<span
+lang=EN-US>reset_hd()</span>将首先向硬盘控制器发送复位（重新校正）命令，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����Ӳ�̿��������������������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后发送硬盘控制器命令“建立驱动器参数”。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>352</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -30536,7 +30536,7 @@ style='color:blue'>reset</span></u>) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>353</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>recalibrate</span></u> = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������У����־��</p>
+// </span>置需重新校正标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>354</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -30549,11 +30549,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>356</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʱ����У����־��<span
-lang=EN-US>recalibrate</span>������λ�ģ������ȸ�λ�ñ�־��Ȼ����Ӳ�̿���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果此时重新校正标志（<span
+lang=EN-US>recalibrate</span>）是置位的，则首先复位该标志，然后向硬盘控制</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������У������������ִ��Ѱ���������ô����κεط��Ĵ�ͷ�ƶ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>器发送重新校正命令。该命令会执行寻道操作，让处于任何地方的磁头移动到<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>柱面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>357</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -30581,25 +30581,25 @@ return;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������־��û����λ����ô���ǾͿ��Կ�ʼ��Ӳ�̿������������������ݶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果以上两个标志都没有置位，那么我们就可以开始向硬盘控制器发送真正的数据读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ˡ������ǰ������д��������������д���ѭ����ȡ״̬�Ĵ�����Ϣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>操作命令了。如果当前请求是写扇区操作，则发送写命令，循环读取状态寄存器信息并判</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������־<span
-lang=EN-US>DRQ_STAT</span>�Ƿ���λ��<span lang=EN-US>DRQ_STAT</span>��Ӳ��״̬�Ĵ������������λ����ʾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>断请求服务标志<span
+lang=EN-US>DRQ_STAT</span>是否置位。<span lang=EN-US>DRQ_STAT</span>是硬盘状态寄存器的请求服务位，表示驱</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ѿ�׼���������������ݶ˿�֮�䴫��һ���ֻ�һ���ֽڵ����ݡ��ⷽ�����Ϣ�ɲ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>动器已经准备好在主机和数据端口之间传输一个字或一个字节的数据。这方面的信息可参</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ǰ���Ӳ�̲�����<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>дʱ��ͼ������������<span lang=EN-US>DRQ</span>��λ���˳�ѭ���� ���ȵ�ѭ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>见程序前面的硬盘操作读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写时序图。如果请求服务<span lang=EN-US>DRQ</span>置位则退出循环。 若等到循环结</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ҳû����λ�����ʾ���͵�Ҫ��дӲ������ʧ�ܣ�������תȥ�������ֵ���������ִ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>束也没有置位，则表示发送的要求写硬盘命令失败，于是跳转去处理出现的问题或继续执</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һ��Ӳ�����󡣷������ǾͿ�����Ӳ�̿��������ݼĴ����˿�<span
-lang=EN-US>HD_DATA</span>д��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>行下一个硬盘请求。否则我们就可以向硬盘控制器数据寄存器端口<span
+lang=EN-US>HD_DATA</span>写入<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个扇区</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的数据。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>363</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -30633,7 +30633,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>369</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 goto repeat;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ñ����<span lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>�ļ�����档</p>
+// </span>该标号在<span lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>文件最后面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>370</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -30644,7 +30644,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>port_write</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>HD_DATA</span></u>,<u><span
 style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;buffer,256);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ�����Ƕ�Ӳ�����ݣ�����Ӳ�̿��������Ͷ����������������Ч��ͣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前请求是读硬盘数据，则向硬盘控制器发送读扇区命令。若命令无效则停机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>372</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } else if (<u><span
@@ -30670,26 +30670,26 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>377</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ӳ��ϵͳ��ʼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>硬盘系统初始化。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ӳ���ж���������������Ӳ�̿����������ж������źš�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置硬盘中断描述符，并允许硬盘控制器发送中断请求信号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�������Ӳ���豸�������������ָ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>��Ȼ������Ӳ���ж�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数设置硬盘设备的请求项处理函数指针为<span
+lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>，然后设置硬盘中断门描述</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>hd_interrupt</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>����<span lang=EN-US>235</span>�У������жϴ������̵�ַ�� Ӳ���жϺ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符。<span lang=EN-US>hd_interrupt</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>235</span>行）是其中断处理过程地址。 硬盘中断号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>int
-0x2E</span>��<span lang=EN-US>46</span>������Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>оƬ���ж������ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>IRQ13</span>�����Ÿ�λ��������<span lang=EN-US>8259A int2</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为<span lang=EN-US>int
+0x2E</span>（<span lang=EN-US>46</span>），对应<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>芯片的中断请求信号<span
+lang=EN-US>IRQ13</span>。接着复位接联的主<span lang=EN-US>8259A int2</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������λ��������Ƭ�����ж������źš��ٸ�λӲ�̵��ж���������λ���ڴ�Ƭ�ϣ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的屏蔽位，允许从片发出中断请求信号。再复位硬盘的中断请求屏蔽位（在从片上），允许</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ӳ�̿����������ж������źš��ж���������<span
-lang=EN-US>IDT</span>���ж������������ú�<span lang=EN-US>set_intr_gate()</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>硬盘控制器发送中断请求信号。中断描述符表<span
+lang=EN-US>IDT</span>内中断门描述符设置宏<span lang=EN-US>set_intr_gate()</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>include/asm/system.h</span>��ʵ�֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在<span lang=EN-US>include/asm/system.h</span>中实现。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>378</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_init</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -30701,22 +30701,22 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>blk_dev</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR_NR</span></u>].request_fn
 = <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_REQUEST</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// do_hd_request()</span>��</p>
+// do_hd_request()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>381</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>set_intr_gate</span></u>(0x2E,&amp;<u><span
-style='color:blue'>hd_interrupt</span></u>);&nbsp; // </span>�����ж����д�������ָ�롣</p>
+style='color:blue'>hd_interrupt</span></u>);&nbsp; // </span>设置中断门中处理函数指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>382</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>inb_p</span></u>(0x21)&amp;0xfb,0x21);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��λ��������<span lang=EN-US>8259A int2</span>������λ��</p>
+// </span>复位接联的主<span lang=EN-US>8259A int2</span>的屏蔽位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>383</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>inb_p</span></u>(0xA1)&amp;0xbf,0xA1);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��λӲ���ж���������λ���ڴ�Ƭ�ϣ���</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>复位硬盘中断请求屏蔽位（在从片上）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>384</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -30740,7 +30740,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447989"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447393"></a><a name="_Toc53320619"><span lang=EN-US>9.3 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>9-3 linux/kernel/blk_drv/ll_rw_blk.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>9-3 linux/kernel/blk_drv/ll_rw_blk.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -30770,24 +30770,24 @@ This handles all read/write requests to block devices</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ������������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵȵ�Ƕ��ʽ���ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义了设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等的嵌入式汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 #include &quot;<u><span style='color:blue'>blk.h</span></u>&quot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���豸ͷ�ļ��������������ݽṹ�����豸���ݽṹ�ͺ����Ϣ��</p>
+// </span>块设备头文件。定义请求数据结构、块设备数据结构和宏等信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -30803,13 +30803,13 @@ to load a nr of sectors into memory</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ṹ�к��м���<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>���������ݵ��ڴ���ȥ�����б������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>请求结构中含有加载<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>个扇区数据到内存中去的所有必须的信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������С�����<span
-lang=EN-US>NR_REQUEST = 32</span>�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>请求项数组队列。共有<span
+lang=EN-US>NR_REQUEST = 32</span>个请求项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>request</span></u> <u><span
@@ -30826,7 +30826,7 @@ used to wait on when there are no free requests</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����������������û�п�����ʱ���̵���ʱ�ȴ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>是用于在请求数组没有空闲项时进程的临时等待处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -30847,23 +30847,23 @@ next-request</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* blk_dev_struct</span>���豸�ṹ�ǣ����μ��ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/blk_drv/blk.h</span>����<span lang=EN-US>45</span>�У�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* blk_dev_struct</span>块设备结构是：（参见文件<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/blk_drv/blk.h</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>45</span>行）</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; do_request-address&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��Ӧ���豸�ŵ�����������ָ�롣</p>
+</span>对应主设备号的请求处理程序指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-current-request&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸����һ������</p>
+current-request&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该设备的下一个请求。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸���顣������ʹ�����豸����Ϊ������ʵ�����ݽ��ڸ����豸���������ʼ��ʱ���롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块设备数组。该数组使用主设备号作为索引。实际内容将在各块设备驱动程序初始化时填入。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���磬Ӳ�����������ʼ��ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>hd.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>343</span>�У�����һ����伴��������<span
-lang=EN-US>blk_dev[3]</span>�����ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>例如，硬盘驱动程序初始化时（<span
+lang=EN-US>hd.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>343</span>行），第一条语句即用于设置<span
+lang=EN-US>blk_dev[3]</span>的内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>blk_dev_struct</span></u> <u><span
@@ -30873,37 +30873,37 @@ style='color:blue'>blk_dev</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_BLK_DEV</sp
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>, <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>
 },&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* no_dev */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 0 - </span>���豸��</p>
+// 0 - </span>无设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>, <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>
 },&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* dev mem */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 1 - </span>�ڴ档</p>
+// 1 - </span>内存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>, <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>
 },&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* dev fd */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 2 - </span>�����豸��</p>
+// 2 - </span>软驱设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>, <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>
 },&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* dev hd */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 3 - </span>Ӳ���豸��</p>
+// 3 - </span>硬盘设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>, <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>
 },&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* dev ttyx */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 4 - ttyx</span>�豸��</p>
+// 4 - ttyx</span>设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>, <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>
 },&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* dev tty */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 5 - tty</span>�豸��</p>
+// 5 - tty</span>设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>, <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>
 }&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* dev lp */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 6 - lp</span>��ӡ���豸��</p>
+// 6 - lp</span>打印机设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u> };</span></p>
 
@@ -30928,19 +30928,19 @@ if (!blk_size[MAJOR]) then no minor size checking is done.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * blk_size</span>���麬�����п��豸�Ĵ�С������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * blk_size</span>数组含有所有块设备的大小（块总数）：</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * blk_size[MAJOR][MINOR]</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���<span
-lang=EN-US> (!blk_size[MAJOR])</span>���򲻱ؼ�����豸�Ŀ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>如果<span
+lang=EN-US> (!blk_size[MAJOR])</span>，则不必检测子设备的块总数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�豸���ݿ�����ָ�����顣ÿ��ָ����ָ��ָ�����豸�ŵ��ܿ������顣���ܿ�������ÿһ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设备数据块总数指针数组。每个指针项指向指定主设备号的总块数数组。该总块数数组每一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ӧ���豸��ȷ����һ�����豸����ӵ�е����ݿ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���С<span lang=EN-US> = 1KB</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>项对应子设备号确定的一个子设备上所拥有的数据块总数（<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>块大小<span lang=EN-US> = 1KB</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u> int
 * <u><span style='color:blue'>blk_size</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_BLK_DEV</span></u>]
@@ -30949,11 +30949,11 @@ lang=EN-US>1</span>���С<span lang=EN-US> = 1KB</span>����</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ������顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>锁定指定缓冲块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ָ���Ļ�����Ѿ�������������������ʹ�Լ�˯�ߣ������жϵصȴ�����ֱ����ִ�н�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果指定的缓冲块已经被其他任务锁定，则使自己睡眠（不可中断地等待），直到被执行解</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������������ȷ�ػ��ѡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>锁缓冲块的任务明确地唤醒。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>lock_buffer</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -30963,30 +30963,30 @@ style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * bh)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>cli</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ж����ɡ�</p>
+// </span>清中断许可。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while (bh-&gt;b_lock)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����������ѱ�������˯�ߣ�ֱ��������������</p>
+// </span>如果缓冲区已被锁定则睡眠，直到缓冲区解锁。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sleep_on</span></u>(&amp;bh-&gt;b_wait);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bh-&gt;b_lock=1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���������û�������</p>
+// </span>立刻锁定该缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sti</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���жϡ�</p>
+// </span>开中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͷţ������������Ļ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>释放（解锁）锁定的缓冲区。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�����<span lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>�ļ��е�ͬ��������ȫһ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数与<span lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>文件中的同名函数完全一样。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>
 static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>unlock_buffer</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -30996,7 +30996,7 @@ style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * bh)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!bh-&gt;b_lock)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����û�����û�б����������ӡ������Ϣ��</p>
+// </span>如果该缓冲区没有被锁定，则打印出错信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>printk</span></u>(<i>&quot;ll_rw_block.c: buffer
@@ -31004,11 +31004,11 @@ not locked\n\r&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bh-&gt;b_lock = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������־��</p>
+// </span>清锁定标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>wake_up</span></u>(&amp;bh-&gt;b_wait);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ѵȴ��û�����������</p>
+// </span>唤醒等待该缓冲区的任务。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u> }</span></p>
 
@@ -31037,31 +31037,31 @@ and are done in the order they appear.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * add-request()</span>�������м���һ�����������ر��жϣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * add-request()</span>向链表中加入一项请求项。它会关闭中断，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������ܰ�ȫ�ش������������ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>这样就能安全地处理请求链表了。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�⣬����������������������֮ǰ���������������ǳ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意，交换请求总是在其他请求之前操作，并且以它们出</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ֵ�˳����ɡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>现的顺序完成。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�������м��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>向链表中加入请求项。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>��ָ�����豸�ṹָ�룬�ýṹ���д����������ָ��͵�ǰ����������ָ�룻</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>是指定块设备结构指针，该结构中有处理请求项函数指针和当前正在请求项指针；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // req</span>�������ú����ݵ�������ṹָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // req</span>是已设置好内容的请求项结构指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������Ѿ����úõ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>req</span>���ӵ�ָ���豸�������������С�������豸�ĵ�ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>本函数把已经设置好的请求项<span
+lang=EN-US>req</span>添加到指定设备的请求项链表中。如果该设备的当前请求</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ָ��Ϊ�գ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>req</span>Ϊ��ǰ��������̵����豸�����������������Ͱ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>请求项指针为空，则可以设置<span
+lang=EN-US>req</span>为当前请求项并立刻调用设备请求项处理函数。否则就把</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // req</span>��������뵽�������������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // req</span>请求项插入到该请求项链表中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>add_request</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -31075,33 +31075,33 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>request</span></u> * tmp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ٽ�һ���Բ����ṩ���������ָ��ͱ�־����ʼ���á��ÿ��������е���һ������ָ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先再进一步对参数提供的请求项的指针和标志作初始设置。置空请求项中的下一请求项指</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�룬���жϲ������������ػ��������־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>针，关中断并清除请求项相关缓冲区脏标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 req-&gt;next = <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>cli</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���жϡ�</p>
+// </span>关中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (req-&gt;bh)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 req-&gt;bh-&gt;b_dirt = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�建�������ࡱ��־��</p>
+// </span>清缓冲区“脏”标志。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��鿴ָ���豸�Ƿ��е�ǰ��������鿴�豸�Ƿ���æ�����ָ���豸<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>��ǰ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后查看指定设备是否有当前请求项，即查看设备是否正忙。如果指定设备<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>当前请求项</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>current_request</span>���Ӷ�Ϊ�գ����ʾĿǰ���豸û������������ǵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�������Ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（<span lang=EN-US>current_request</span>）子段为空，则表示目前该设备没有请求项，本次是第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个请求项，也是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ψһ��һ������˿ɽ����豸��ǰ����ָ��ֱ��ָ��������������ִ����Ӧ�豸������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>唯一的一个。因此可将块设备当前请求指针直接指向该请求项，并立刻执行相应设备的请求</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(tmp = dev-&gt;current_request)) {</span></p>
@@ -31111,11 +31111,11 @@ dev-&gt;current_request = req;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sti</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���жϡ�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>开中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-(dev-&gt;request_fn)();&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ִ��������������Ӳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>��</p>
+(dev-&gt;request_fn)();&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>执行请求函数，对于硬盘是<span
+lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return;</span></p>
@@ -31123,24 +31123,24 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ŀǰ���豸�Ѿ��е�ǰ�������ڴ��������������õ����㷨������Ѳ���λ�ã�Ȼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果目前该设备已经有当前请求项在处理，则首先利用电梯算法搜索最佳插入位置，然后将</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ��������뵽���������С������������У�����жϳ�������������Ļ����ͷָ��գ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前请求项插入到请求链表中。在搜索过程中，如果判断出欲插入请求项的缓冲块头指针空，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��û�л���飬��ô����Ҫ��һ������Ѿ��п��õĻ���顣�������ǰ����λ�ã�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即没有缓冲块，那么就需要找一个项，其已经有可用的缓冲块。因此若当前插入位置（<span
 lang=EN-US>tmp</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>֮�󣩴��Ŀ�������ͷָ�벻�գ���ѡ�����λ�á������˳�ѭ���������������˴���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>之后）处的空闲项缓冲块头指针不空，就选择这个位置。于是退出循环并把请求项插入此处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����жϲ��˳������������㷨���������ô��̴�ͷ���ƶ�������С���Ӷ����ƣ����٣�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后开中断并退出函数。电梯算法的作用是让磁盘磁头的移动距离最小，从而改善（减少）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ӳ�̷���ʱ�䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>硬盘访问时间。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>for</span>ѭ����<span
-lang=EN-US>if</span>������ڰ�<span lang=EN-US>req</span>��ָ��������������У������������е����������Ƚϣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面<span lang=EN-US>for</span>循环中<span
+lang=EN-US>if</span>语句用于把<span lang=EN-US>req</span>所指请求项与请求队列（链表）中已有的请求项作比较，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ҳ�<span lang=EN-US>req</span>����ö��е���ȷλ��˳��Ȼ���ж�ѭ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>req</span>���뵽�ö�����ȷλ�ô���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>找出<span lang=EN-US>req</span>插入该队列的正确位置顺序。然后中断循环，并把<span
+lang=EN-US>req</span>插入到该队列正确位置处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for ( ; tmp-&gt;next ; tmp=tmp-&gt;next) {</span></p>
@@ -31192,10 +31192,10 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���������������������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>创建请求项并插入请求队列中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>major</span>�����豸�ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>rw</span>��ָ�����<span lang=EN-US>bh</span>�Ǵ�����ݵĻ�����ͷָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>major</span>是主设备号；<span
+lang=EN-US>rw</span>是指定命令；<span lang=EN-US>bh</span>是存放数据的缓冲区头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>make_request</span></u>(int
@@ -31222,27 +31222,27 @@ if the */</i></b></span></p>
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* buffer is locked, we just forget about it, else it's a
 normal read */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* WRITEA/READA</span>��һ���������<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>���ǲ��Ǳ�Ҫ����������������Ѿ�������<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* WRITEA/READA</span>是一种特殊情况<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>它们并非必要，所以如果缓冲区已经上锁，<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���ǾͲ��ù���������Ļ���ֻ��һ��һ��Ķ�������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>我们就不用管它，否则的话它只是一个一般的读操作。<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>'READ'</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'WRITE'</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>'A'</span>�ַ�����Ӣ�ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>Ahead</span>����ʾ��ǰԤ��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д���ݿ����˼��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这里<span lang=EN-US>'READ'</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>'WRITE'</span>后面的<span lang=EN-US>'A'</span>字符代表英文单词<span
+lang=EN-US>Ahead</span>，表示提前预读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写数据块的意思。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>�ú������ȶ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>READA/WRITEA</span>���������һЩ���������������������ָ���Ļ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>该函数首先对命令<span
+lang=EN-US>READA/WRITEA</span>的情况进行一些处理。对于这两个命令，当指定的缓冲区</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʹ�ö��ѱ�����ʱ���ͷ���Ԥ��<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д���󡣷������Ϊ��ͨ��<span lang=EN-US>READ/WRITE</span>������в�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>正在使用而已被上锁时，就放弃预读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写请求。否则就作为普通的<span lang=EN-US>READ/WRITE</span>命令进行操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���⣬�����������������Ȳ��� <span
-lang=EN-US>READ</span>Ҳ���� <span lang=EN-US>WRITE</span>�����ʾ�ں˳����д�����ʾ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>另外，如果参数给出的命令既不是 <span
+lang=EN-US>READ</span>也不是 <span lang=EN-US>WRITE</span>，则表示内核程序有错，显示出错信</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϣ��ͣ����ע�⣬���޸�����֮ǰ������Ϊ�����Ƿ���Ԥ��<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д���������˱�־<span lang=EN-US>rw_ahead</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>息并停机。注意，在修改命令之前这里已为参数是否是预读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写命令设置了标志<span lang=EN-US>rw_ahead</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (rw_ahead = (rw
@@ -31321,29 +31321,29 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;* of the requests are only for reads.</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>132</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���ǲ����ö�����ȫ����д�����������ҪΪ��������һЩ�ռ䣺������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>我们不能让队列中全都是写请求项：我们需要为读请求保留一些空间：读操作</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����ȵġ�������еĺ�����֮һ�ռ�����ڶ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>是优先的。请求队列的后三分之一空间仅用于读请求项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ã��������Ǳ���Ϊ���������ɲ����Ӷ�<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д�������ˡ�����������Ҫ������������Ѱ�ҵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>好，现在我们必须为本函数生成并添加读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写请求项了。首先我们需要在请求数组中寻找到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ��������ۣ��������������������̴���������ĩ�˿�ʼ����������Ҫ�󣬶��ڶ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一个空闲项（槽）来存放新请求项。搜索过程从请求数组末端开始。根据上述要求，对于读</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������ֱ�ӴӶ���ĩβ��ʼ������������д�����ֻ�ܴӶ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2/3</span>�������ͷ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>命令请求，我们直接从队列末尾开始搜索，而对于写请求就只能从队列<span
+lang=EN-US>2/3</span>处向队列头处搜</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������롣�������ǿ�ʼ�Ӻ���ǰ������������ṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>request</span>���豸�ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>ֵ <span lang=EN-US>= -1</span>ʱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>索空项填入。于是我们开始从后向前搜索，当请求结构<span
+lang=EN-US>request</span>的设备字段<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>值 <span lang=EN-US>= -1</span>时，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ����δ��ռ�ã����У������û��һ���ǿ��еģ���ʱ����������ָ���Ѿ�����Խ��ͷ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>表示该项未被占用（空闲）。如果没有一项是空闲的（此时请求项数组指针已经搜索越过头</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������鿴�˴������Ƿ�����ǰ��<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д��<span lang=EN-US>READA</span>��<span lang=EN-US>WRITEA</span>���������������˴����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>部），则查看此次请求是否是提前读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写（<span lang=EN-US>READA</span>或<span lang=EN-US>WRITEA</span>），如果是则放弃此次请求操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ñ������������˯�ߣ��Եȴ���������ڳ��������һ����������������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则让本次请求操作先睡眠（以等待请求队列腾出空项），过一会再来搜索请求队列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (rw == <u><span
@@ -31353,7 +31353,7 @@ style='color:blue'>READ</span></u>)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 req = <u><span style='color:blue'>request</span></u>+<u><span style='color:
 blue'>NR_REQUEST</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ڶ����󣬽�ָ��ָ�����β����</p>
+// </span>对于读请求，将指针指向队列尾部。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>135</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; else</span></p>
@@ -31361,12 +31361,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; else</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>136</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 req = <u><span style='color:blue'>request</span></u>+((<u><span
-style='color:blue'>NR_REQUEST</span></u>*2)/3);&nbsp; // </span>����д����ָ��ָ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>2/3</span>����</p>
+style='color:blue'>NR_REQUEST</span></u>*2)/3);&nbsp; // </span>对于写请求，指针指向队列<span
+lang=EN-US>2/3</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* find an empty request */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;/* </span>����һ����������<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+&nbsp;/* </span>搜索一个空请求项<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (--req &gt;= <u><span
@@ -31383,18 +31383,18 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&n
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* if none found, sleep on new requests: check for rw_ahead
 */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���û���ҵ���������øô����������˯�ߣ������Ƿ���ǰ��<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>如果没有找到空闲项，则让该次新请求操作睡眠：需检查是否提前读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (req &lt; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>request</span></u>) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����������ͷ�������޿����</p>
+// </span>如果已搜索到头（队列无空项），</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (rw_ahead) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��������ǰ��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д�������˳���</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>则若是提前读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写请求，则退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>144</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -31411,12 +31411,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sleep_on</span></u>(&amp;<u><span style='color:
-blue'>wait_for_request</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����˯�ߣ������ٲ鿴������С�</p>
+blue'>wait_for_request</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则就睡眠，过会再查看请求队列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 goto repeat;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ת<span lang=EN-US>110</span>�С�</p>
+// </span>跳转<span lang=EN-US>110</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
@@ -31424,64 +31424,64 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* fill up the request-info, and add it to the queue */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���������������д������Ϣ����������������
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>向空闲请求项中填写请求信息，并将其加入队列中
 <span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // OK</span>������ִ�е������ʾ���ҵ�һ�����������
-�������������úõ����������͵���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // OK</span>，程序执行到这里表示已找到一个空闲请求项。
+于是我们在设置好的新请求项后就调用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // add_request()</span>�������ӵ���������У������˳�������ṹ��μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>blk_drv/blk.h</span>��<span lang=EN-US>23</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // add_request()</span>把它添加到请求队列中，立马退出。请求结构请参见<span
+lang=EN-US>blk_drv/blk.h</span>，<span lang=EN-US>23</span>行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // req-&gt;sector</span>�Ƕ�д��������ʼ�����ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>req-&gt;buffer</span>�������������ݵĻ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // req-&gt;sector</span>是读写操作的起始扇区号，<span
+lang=EN-US>req-&gt;buffer</span>是请求项存放数据的缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>151</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;dev =
 bh-&gt;b_dev;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�豸�š�</p>
+// </span>设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;cmd = rw;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>(READ/WRITE)</span>��</p>
+// </span>命令<span lang=EN-US>(READ/WRITE)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;errors=0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʱ�����Ĵ��������</p>
+// </span>操作时产生的错误次数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>sector</span></u> = bh-&gt;b_blocknr&lt;&lt;1;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ���������ת����������<span lang=EN-US>(1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>=2</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+// </span>起始扇区。块号转换成扇区号<span lang=EN-US>(1</span>块<span lang=EN-US>=2</span>扇区<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;nr_sectors
 = 2;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����������Ҫ��д����������</p>
+// </span>本请求项需要读写的扇区数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;buffer =
-bh-&gt;b_data;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ָ��ָ�����д�����ݻ�������</p>
+bh-&gt;b_data;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>请求项缓冲区指针指向需读写的数据缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;waiting = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ȴ�����ִ����ɵĵط���</p>
+// </span>任务等待操作执行完成的地方。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;bh = bh;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷָ�롣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>缓冲块头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;next = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ָ����һ�����</p>
+// </span>指向下一请求项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>add_request</span></u>(major+<u><span style='color:blue'>blk_dev</span></u>,req);&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����������������<span lang=EN-US>(blk_dev[major],req)</span>��</p>
+// </span>将请求项加入队列中<span lang=EN-US>(blk_dev[major],req)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -31489,11 +31489,11 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ͼ�ҳ���д������<span
-lang=EN-US>Low Level Read Write Page</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>低级页面读写函数（<span
+lang=EN-US>Low Level Read Write Page</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҳ�棨<span lang=EN-US>4K</span>��Ϊ��λ���ʿ��豸���ݣ���ÿ�ζ�<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д<span lang=EN-US>8</span>���������μ�����<span lang=EN-US>ll_rw_blk()</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以页面（<span lang=EN-US>4K</span>）为单位访问块设备数据，即每次读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写<span lang=EN-US>8</span>个扇区。参见下面<span lang=EN-US>ll_rw_blk()</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>ll_rw_page</span></u>(int rw, int
@@ -31513,12 +31513,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned int major
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>167</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȶԺ��������ĺϷ��Խ��м�⡣����豸���豸�Ų����ڻ��߸��豸���������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先对函数参数的合法性进行检测。如果设备主设备号不存在或者该设备的请求操作函数不</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڣ�����ʾ������Ϣ�������ء������������������Ȳ���
-<span lang=EN-US>READ</span>Ҳ���� <span lang=EN-US>WRITE</span>�����ʾ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>存在，则显示出错信息，并返回。如果参数给出的命令既不是
+<span lang=EN-US>READ</span>也不是 <span lang=EN-US>WRITE</span>，则表示</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں˳����д�����ʾ������Ϣ��ͣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核程序有错，显示出错信息并停机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (major &gt;= <u><span
@@ -31546,17 +31546,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;Bad block dev command,
 must be R/W&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڲ�����������ɺ�����������ҪΪ���β����������������������Ҫ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在参数检测操作完成后，我们现在需要为本次操作建立请求项。首先我们需要在请求数组中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ѱ�ҵ�һ��������ۣ��������������������̴���������ĩ�˿�ʼ���������ǿ�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>寻找到一个空闲项（槽）来存放新请求项。搜索过程从请求数组末端开始。于是我们开始从</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ǰ������������ṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>request</span>���豸�ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>ֵ<span lang=EN-US>
-&lt;0 </span>ʱ����ʾ����δ��ռ�ã����У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>后向前搜索，当请求结构<span
+lang=EN-US>request</span>的设备字段<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>值<span lang=EN-US>
+&lt;0 </span>时，表示该项未被占用（空闲）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���û��һ���ǿ��еģ���ʱ����������ָ���Ѿ�����Խ��ͷ���������ñ������������˯</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果没有一项是空闲的（此时请求项数组指针已经搜索越过头部），则让本次请求操作先睡</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ߣ��Եȴ���������ڳ��������һ����������������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>眠（以等待请求队列腾出空项），过一会再来搜索请求队列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>174</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> repeat:</span></p>
@@ -31564,7 +31564,7 @@ lang=EN-US> repeat:</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>request</span></u>+<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_REQUEST</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ָ��ָ�����β����</p>
+// </span>将指针指向队列尾部。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (--req &gt;= <u><span
@@ -31585,12 +31585,12 @@ style='color:blue'>request</span></u>) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>180</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sleep_on</span></u>(&amp;<u><span style='color:
-blue'>wait_for_request</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>˯�ߣ������ٲ鿴������С�</p>
+blue'>wait_for_request</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>睡眠，过会再查看请求队列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>181</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 goto repeat;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ת��<span lang=EN-US>174</span>��ȥ����������</p>
+// </span>跳转到<span lang=EN-US>174</span>行去重新搜索。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
@@ -31598,79 +31598,79 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>183</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* fill up the request-info, and add it to the queue */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���������������д������Ϣ����������������
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>向空闲请求项中填写请求信息，并将其加入队列中
 <span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // OK</span>������ִ�е������ʾ���ҵ�һ�����������
-�����������ú���������ѵ�ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // OK</span>，程序执行到这里表示已找到一个空闲请求项。
+于是我们设置好新请求项，把当前进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ�����ж�˯���жϺ󣬾�ȥ����<span
-lang=EN-US>add_request()</span>�������ӵ���������У�Ȼ��ֱ�ӵ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>置为不可中断睡眠中断后，就去调用<span
+lang=EN-US>add_request()</span>把它添加到请求队列中，然后直接调用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ⱥ����õ�ǰ����˯�ߵȴ�ҳ��ӽ����豸�ж��롣���ﲻ��<span
-lang=EN-US>make_request()</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>调度函数让当前进程睡眠等待页面从交换设备中读入。这里不象<span
+lang=EN-US>make_request()</span>函数那样</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֱ���˳�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>schedule()</span>������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>make_request()</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>���������ݡ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>直接退出函数而调用了<span
+lang=EN-US>schedule()</span>，是因为<span lang=EN-US>make_request()</span>函数仅读<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个扇区数据。而这</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ҫ�Խ����豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д<span lang=EN-US>8</span>����������Ҫ���ϳ���ʱ�䡣��˵�ǰ���̿϶���Ҫ�ȴ���˯�ߡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>里需要对交换设备读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写<span lang=EN-US>8</span>个扇区，需要花较长的时间。因此当前进程肯定需要等待而睡眠。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ֱ�Ӿ��ý���ȥ˯���ˣ�ʡ���ڳ��������ط���Ҫ������Щ�жϲ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因此这里直接就让进程去睡眠了，省得在程序其他地方还要进行这些判断操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>184</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;dev = dev;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�豸�š�</p>
+// </span>设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>185</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;cmd = rw;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>(READ/WRITE)</span>��</p>
+// </span>命令<span lang=EN-US>(READ/WRITE)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>186</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;errors = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��д�������������</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>读写操作错误计数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>187</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>sector</span></u> = page&lt;&lt;3;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ��д������</p>
+// </span>起始读写扇区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;nr_sectors
 = 8;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��д��������</p>
+// </span>读写扇区数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;buffer =
 buffer;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ݻ�������</p>
+// </span>数据缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;waiting = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ���̽��������ȴ����С�</p>
+// </span>当前进程进入该请求等待队列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>191</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;bh = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�޻����ͷָ�루���ø��ٻ��壩��</p>
+// </span>无缓冲块头指针（不用高速缓冲）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>192</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; req-&gt;next = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��һ��������ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>下一个请求项指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>state</span></u>
 = <u><span style='color:blue'>TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��Ϊ�����ж�״̬��</p>
+// </span>置为不可中断状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>add_request</span></u>(major+<u><span style='color:blue'>blk_dev</span></u>,req);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���������������С�</p>
+// </span>将请求项加入队列中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>195</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -31682,27 +31682,27 @@ lang=EN-US> }&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>197</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ͼ����ݿ��д������<span
-lang=EN-US>Low Level Read Write Block</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>低级数据块读写函数（<span
+lang=EN-US>Low Level Read Write Block</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú����ǿ��豸����������ϵͳ�������ֵĽӿں�����ͨ����<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/buffer.c</span>�����б����á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数是块设备驱动程序与系统其他部分的接口函数。通常在<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/buffer.c</span>程序中被调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ҫ�����Ǵ������豸��д��������뵽ָ�����豸��������С�ʵ�ʵĶ�д��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>主要功能是创建块设备读写请求项并插入到指定块设备请求队列中。实际的读写操作则是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸��<span lang=EN-US>request_fn()</span>������ɡ�����Ӳ�̲������ú�����<span
-lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>由设备的<span lang=EN-US>request_fn()</span>函数完成。对于硬盘操作，该函数是<span
+lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>；对于软盘</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ú�����<span
-lang=EN-US>do_fd_request()</span>����������������<span lang=EN-US>do_rd_request()</span>��
-���⣬�ڵ��øú�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>操作该函数是<span
+lang=EN-US>do_fd_request()</span>；对于虚拟盘则是<span lang=EN-US>do_rd_request()</span>。
+另外，在调用该函</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��֮ǰ����������Ҫ���ȰѶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д���豸����Ϣ�����ڻ����ͷ�ṹ�У����豸�š���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数之前，调用者需要首先把读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写块设备的信息保存在缓冲块头结构中，如设备号、块号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>rw
-�C READ</span>��<span lang=EN-US>READA</span>��<span lang=EN-US>WRITE</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>WRITEA</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>bh �C </span>���ݻ����ͷָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>rw
+– READ</span>、<span lang=EN-US>READA</span>、<span lang=EN-US>WRITE</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>WRITEA</span>是命令；<span lang=EN-US>bh – </span>数据缓冲块头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>198</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>ll_rw_block</span></u>(int rw,
@@ -31713,14 +31713,14 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>200</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned int major;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���豸�ţ�����Ӳ����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>����</p>
+// </span>主设备号（对于硬盘是<span lang=EN-US>3</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>201</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����豸���豸�Ų����ڻ��߸��豸������������������ڣ�����ʾ������Ϣ�������ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果设备主设备号不存在或者该设备的请求操作函数不存在，则显示出错信息，并返回。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���򴴽����������������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则创建请求项并插入请求队列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>202</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((major=<u><span
@@ -31753,12 +31753,12 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>209</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���豸��ʼ���������ɳ�ʼ������<span
-lang=EN-US>main.c</span>���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>块设备初始化函数，由初始化程序<span
+lang=EN-US>main.c</span>调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ���������飬��������������Ϊ������<span
-lang=EN-US>(dev = -1)</span>����<span lang=EN-US>32</span>��<span lang=EN-US>(NR_REQUEST
-= 32)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>初始化请求数组，将所有请求项置为空闲项<span
+lang=EN-US>(dev = -1)</span>。有<span lang=EN-US>32</span>项<span lang=EN-US>(NR_REQUEST
+= 32)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>210</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>blk_dev_init</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -31810,7 +31810,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447990"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447394"></a><a name="_Toc53320620"><span lang=EN-US>9.4 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>9-4 linux/kernel/blk_drv/ramdisk.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>9-4 linux/kernel/blk_drv/ramdisk.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -31830,78 +31830,78 @@ Written by Theodore Ts'o, 12/2/91</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>��<span lang=EN-US>Theodore
-Ts'o</span>���ƣ�<span lang=EN-US>12/2/91</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>由<span lang=EN-US>Theodore
+Ts'o</span>编制，<span lang=EN-US>12/2/91</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Theodore Ts'o (Ted Ts'o)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>�����е��������<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>�����緶Χ�ڵ�����Ҳ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Theodore Ts'o (Ted Ts'o)</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>社区中的著名人物。<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>在世界范围内的流行也有他很</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ĺ��͡�����<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>����ϵͳ������ʱ�����ͻ��ż��������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>�ķ�չ�ṩ�˵�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>大的功劳。早在<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>操作系统刚问世时，他就怀着极大的热情为<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>的发展提供了电子邮</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���б�����<span lang=EN-US>maillist</span>�����ڱ�����������������<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ftp</span>������վ�㣨<span lang=EN-US>tsx-11.mit.edu</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>件列表服务<span lang=EN-US>maillist</span>，并在北美地区最早设立了<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>的<span lang=EN-US>ftp</span>服务器站点（<span lang=EN-US>tsx-11.mit.edu</span>），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������Ϊ���<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>�û��ṩ��������<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>�����������֮һ�������ʵ����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>而且至今仍为广大<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>用户提供服务。他对<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>作出的最大贡献之一是提出并实现了<span
 lang=EN-US>ext2</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�ϵͳ�����ļ�ϵͳ�ѳ�Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>��������ʵ�ϵ��ļ�ϵͳ��׼����������Ƴ���<span lang=EN-US>ext3</span>�ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件系统。该文件系统已成为<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>世界中事实上的文件系统标准。最近他又推出了<span lang=EN-US>ext3</span>文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ�����������ļ�ϵͳ���ȶ��ԡ��ɻָ��Ժͷ���Ч�ʡ���Ϊ�������Ƴ磬��<span
-lang=EN-US>97</span>�ڣ�<span lang=EN-US>2002</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统，大大提高了文件系统的稳定性、可恢复性和访问效率。作为对他的推崇，第<span
+lang=EN-US>97</span>期（<span lang=EN-US>2002</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>5</span>�£���<span
-lang=EN-US>LinuxJournal</span>�ڿ�������Ϊ�˷�����������������˲ɷá�Ŀǰ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>IBM Linux</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>年<span lang=EN-US>5</span>月）的<span
+lang=EN-US>LinuxJournal</span>期刊将他作为了封面人物，并对他进行了采访。目前他为<span lang=EN-US>IBM Linux</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ĺ��������������й�<span
-lang=EN-US>LSB (Linux Standard Base)</span>�ȷ���Ĺ����������ĸ�����ҳ�ǣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>技术中心工作，并从事着有关<span
+lang=EN-US>LSB (Linux Standard Base)</span>等方面的工作。（他的个人主页是：</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // http://thunk.org/tytso/)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���ͷ�ļ�����Ҫ������һЩ�й��ַ���������Ƕ�뺯����</p>
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串头文件。主要定义了一些有关字符串操作的嵌入函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/config.h&gt; // </span>�ں�����ͷ�ļ�������������Ժ�Ӳ�����ͣ�<span lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>����ѡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/config.h&gt; // </span>内核配置头文件。定义键盘语言和硬盘类型（<span lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>）可选项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> #include
-&lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ݣ�</p>
+&lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的数据，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����һЩ�й��������������úͻ�ȡ��Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ������䡣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>还有一些有关描述符参数设置和获取的嵌入式汇编函数宏语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/fs.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�ϵͳͷ�ļ��������ļ����ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>file</span>��<span lang=EN-US>m_inode</span>���ȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/fs.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件系统头文件。定义文件表结构（<span
+lang=EN-US>file</span>、<span lang=EN-US>m_inode</span>）等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�Ͷ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原型定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ������������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵ�Ƕ��ʽ���ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义了设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等嵌入式汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/memory.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ濽��ͷ�ļ�������<span lang=EN-US>memcpy()</span>Ƕ��ʽ���꺯����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/memory.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存拷贝头文件。含有<span lang=EN-US>memcpy()</span>嵌入式汇编宏函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>RAM</span>�����豸�ŷ��ų��������������������豸�ű����ڰ���<span
-lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>�ļ�֮ǰ�����塣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义<span lang=EN-US>RAM</span>盘主设备号符号常数。在驱动程序中主设备号必须在包含<span
+lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>文件之前被定义。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>�ļ���Ҫ�õ�������ų���ֵ��ȷ��һЩ�е������������źͺꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因为<span lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>文件中要用到这个符号常数值来确定一些列的其他常数符号和宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR_NR</span></u> 1</span></p>
@@ -31911,45 +31911,45 @@ lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>�ļ�֮ǰ�����塣</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ڴ��е���ʼλ�á���λ�û��ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>52</span>���ϳ�ʼ������<span lang=EN-US>rd_init()</span>��ȷ�����μ��ں�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>虚拟盘在内存中的起始位置。该位置会在第<span
+lang=EN-US>52</span>行上初始化函数<span lang=EN-US>rd_init()</span>中确定。参见内核</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ������<span lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>124</span>�С�<span lang=EN-US>'rd'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'ramdisk'</span>����д��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>初始化程序<span lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span>，第<span
+lang=EN-US>124</span>行。<span lang=EN-US>'rd'</span>是<span lang=EN-US>'ramdisk'</span>的缩写。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 char&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *<u><span style='color:blue'>rd_start</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���������ڴ��еĿ�ʼ��ַ��</p>
+// </span>虚拟盘在内存中的开始地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>rd_length</span></u> =
 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������ռ�ڴ��С���ֽڣ���</p>
+// </span>虚拟盘所占内存大小（字节）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����̵�ǰ���������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>虚拟盘当前请求项操作函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú����ĳ���ṹ��Ӳ�̵�<span
-lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>�������ƣ��μ�<span lang=EN-US>hd.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>294</span>�С��ڵͼ����豸</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数的程序结构与硬盘的<span
+lang=EN-US>do_hd_request()</span>函数类似，参见<span lang=EN-US>hd.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>294</span>行。在低级块设备</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ӿں���<span lang=EN-US>ll_rw_block()</span>�����������̣�<span
-lang=EN-US>rd</span>������������ӵ� <span lang=EN-US>rd</span>��������֮�󣬾ͻ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接口函数<span lang=EN-US>ll_rw_block()</span>建立起虚拟盘（<span
+lang=EN-US>rd</span>）的请求项并添加到 <span lang=EN-US>rd</span>的链表中之后，就会调</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�øú����� <span
-lang=EN-US>rd</span>��ǰ��������д������ú������ȼ��㵱ǰ��������ָ������ʼ������Ӧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用该函数对 <span
+lang=EN-US>rd</span>当前请求项进行处理。该函数首先计算当前请求项中指定的起始扇区对应虚</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ڴ����ʼλ��<span
-lang=EN-US>addr </span>��Ҫ�����������Ӧ���ֽڳ���ֵ <span lang=EN-US>len</span>��Ȼ�������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>拟盘所处内存的起始位置<span
+lang=EN-US>addr </span>和要求的扇区数对应的字节长度值 <span lang=EN-US>len</span>，然后根据请求项中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������в���������д����<span
-lang=EN-US>WRITE</span>���Ͱ���������ָ�������е�����ֱ�Ӹ��Ƶ��ڴ�λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的命令进行操作。若是写命令<span
+lang=EN-US>WRITE</span>，就把请求项所指缓冲区中的数据直接复制到内存位置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // addr</span>�������Ƕ�������֮�����ݸ�����ɺ󼴿�ֱ�ӵ���
-<span lang=EN-US>end_request() </span>�Ա���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // addr</span>处。若是读操作则反之。数据复制完成后即可直接调用
+<span lang=EN-US>end_request() </span>对本次请求项</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������Ȼ����ת��������ʼ����ȥ������һ�����������û�����������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>作结束处理。然后跳转到函数开始处再去处理下一个请求项。若已没有请求项则退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>do_rd_request</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -31964,17 +31964,17 @@ char&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;*addr;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ��������ĺϷ��ԣ�����û�����������˳����μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>����<span lang=EN-US>127</span>�У���Ȼ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检测请求项的合法性，若已没有请求项则退出（参见<span
+lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>127</span>行）。然后计算请</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������������ʼ�����������ڴ��ж�Ӧ�ĵ�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>��ռ�õ��ڴ��ֽڳ���ֵ<span lang=EN-US>len</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>求项处理的虚拟盘中起始扇区在物理内存中对应的地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>和占用的内存字节长度值<span lang=EN-US>len</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�¾�����ȡ���������е���ʼ������Ӧ���ڴ���ʼλ�ú��ڴ泤�ȡ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>sector &lt;&lt; 9</span>��ʾ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下句用于取得请求项中的起始扇区对应的内存起始位置和内存长度。其中<span
+lang=EN-US>sector &lt;&lt; 9</span>表示</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sector * 512</span>��������ֽ�ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>CURRENT</span>������Ϊ <span lang=EN-US>(blk_dev[MAJOR_NR].current_request)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sector * 512</span>，换算成字节值。<span
+lang=EN-US>CURRENT</span>被定义为 <span lang=EN-US>(blk_dev[MAJOR_NR].current_request)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>INIT_REQUEST</span></u>;</span></p>
@@ -31987,15 +31987,15 @@ style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>sector</sp
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 len = <u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;nr_sectors &lt;&lt; 9;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ�����������豸�Ų�Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���߶�Ӧ�ڴ���ʼλ�ô���������ĩβ��������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前请求项中子设备号不为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>或者对应内存起始位置大于虚拟盘末尾，则结束该请求项，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ת�� <span lang=EN-US>repeat
-</span>��ȥ������һ���������������� <span lang=EN-US>repeat </span>�����ں�<span lang=EN-US>
-INIT_REQUEST </span>�ڣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并跳转到 <span lang=EN-US>repeat
+</span>处去处理下一个虚拟盘请求项。标号 <span lang=EN-US>repeat </span>定义在宏<span lang=EN-US>
+INIT_REQUEST </span>内，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ�ں�Ŀ�ʼ�����μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>127</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位于宏的开始处，参见<span
+lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>文件第<span lang=EN-US>127</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if ((<u><span style='color:blue'>MINOR</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;dev)
@@ -32011,15 +32011,15 @@ goto repeat;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����ʵ�ʵĶ�д�����������д���<span
-lang=EN-US>WRITE</span>�������������л����������ݸ��Ƶ���ַ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后进行实际的读写操作。如果是写命令（<span
+lang=EN-US>WRITE</span>），则将请求项中缓冲区的内容复制到地址</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // addr</span>��������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>len</span>�ֽڡ�����Ƕ����<span lang=EN-US>READ</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>��ʼ���ڴ����ݸ��Ƶ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // addr</span>处，长度为<span
+lang=EN-US>len</span>字节。如果是读命令（<span lang=EN-US>READ</span>），则将<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>开始的内存内容复制到请求项</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������У�����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>len</span>�ֽڡ�������ʾ������ڣ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>缓冲区中，长度为<span
+lang=EN-US>len</span>字节。否则显示命令不存在，死机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt; cmd == <u><span
@@ -32055,7 +32055,7 @@ len);</span></p>
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;unknown
 ramdisk-command&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����������ɹ��������ø��±�־���������������豸����һ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后在请求项成功后处理，置更新标志。并继续处理本设备的下一请求项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>end_request</span></u>(1);</span></p>
@@ -32074,24 +32074,24 @@ Returns amount of memory which needs to be reserved.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�����ڴ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>ramdisk</span>������ڴ���<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>返回内存虚拟盘<span
+lang=EN-US>ramdisk</span>所需的内存量<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����̳�ʼ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>虚拟盘初始化函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������������������豸�������������ָ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>do_rd_request()</span>��Ȼ��ȷ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先设置虚拟盘设备的请求项处理函数指针指向<span
+lang=EN-US>do_rd_request()</span>，然后确定虚拟盘</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ڴ��е���ʼ��ַ��ռ���ֽڳ���ֵ���������������������㡣��󷵻��������ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在物理内存中的起始地址、占用字节长度值。并对整个虚拟盘区清零。最后返回盘区长度。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>linux/Makefile</span>�ļ������ù�<span
-lang=EN-US>RAMDISK</span>ֵ��Ϊ��ʱ����ʾϵͳ�лᴴ��<span lang=EN-US>RAM</span>�������豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当<span lang=EN-US>linux/Makefile</span>文件中设置过<span
+lang=EN-US>RAMDISK</span>值不为零时，表示系统中会创建<span lang=EN-US>RAM</span>虚拟盘设备。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������µ��ں˳�ʼ�������У��������ͻᱻ���ã�<span
-lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>L151</span>�У����ú���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在这种情况下的内核初始化过程中，本函数就会被调用（<span
+lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>L151</span>行）。该函数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>length</span>�ᱻ��ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>RAMDISK * 1024</span>����λΪ�ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个参数<span
+lang=EN-US>length</span>会被赋值成<span lang=EN-US>RAMDISK * 1024</span>，单位为字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 long <u><span style='color:blue'>rd_init</span></u>(long mem_start, int length)</span></p>
@@ -32108,22 +32108,22 @@ char&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *cp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>blk_dev</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR_NR</span></u>].request_fn
-= <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_REQUEST</span></u>;&nbsp; // do_rd_request()</span>��</p>
+= <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_REQUEST</span></u>;&nbsp; // do_rd_request()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>rd_start</span></u> = (char *) mem_start;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>16MB</span>ϵͳ��ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>4MB</span>��</p>
+// </span>对于<span lang=EN-US>16MB</span>系统该值为<span lang=EN-US>4MB</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>rd_length</span></u> = length;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���������򳤶�ֵ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>虚拟盘区域长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cp = <u><span style='color:blue'>rd_start</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for (i=0; i &lt; length; i++)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������㡣</p>
+// </span>盘区清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *cp++ = <i>'\0'</i>;</span></p>
@@ -32150,23 +32150,23 @@ floppy, and we later change it to be ram disk.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������ļ�ϵͳ�豸<span
-lang=EN-US>(root device)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ramdisk</span>�Ļ������Լ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>如果根文件系统设备<span
+lang=EN-US>(root device)</span>是<span lang=EN-US>ramdisk</span>的话，则尝试加载它。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * root device</span>ԭ����ָ�����̵ģ����ǽ����ĳ�ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ramdisk</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * root device</span>原先是指向软盘的，我们将它改成指向<span
+lang=EN-US>ramdisk</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���԰Ѹ��ļ�ϵͳ���ص��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>尝试把根文件系统加载到虚拟盘中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú��������ں����ú���<span
-lang=EN-US>setup()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>hd.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>156</span>�У��б����á����⣬<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���̿�<span lang=EN-US> = 1024</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数将在内核设置函数<span
+lang=EN-US>setup()</span>（<span lang=EN-US>hd.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>156</span>行）中被调用。另外，<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>磁盘块<span lang=EN-US> = 1024</span>字节。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>75</span>���ϵı���<span
-lang=EN-US>block=256</span>��ʾ���ļ�ϵͳӳ���ļ����洢��<span lang=EN-US>boot</span>�̵�<span
-lang=EN-US>256</span>���̿鿪ʼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>75</span>行上的变量<span
+lang=EN-US>block=256</span>表示根文件系统映像文件被存储于<span lang=EN-US>boot</span>盘第<span
+lang=EN-US>256</span>磁盘块开始处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>rd_load</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -32175,16 +32175,16 @@ void <u><span style='color:blue'>rd_load</span></u>(void)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> *bh;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ٻ����ͷָ�롣</p>
+// </span>高速缓冲块头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-s;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�������ṹ��</p>
+s;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件超级块结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-block = 256;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Start at block 256 */</i></b> /* </span>��ʼ��<span
-lang=EN-US>256</span>�̿�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+block = 256;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Start at block 256 */</i></b> /* </span>开始于<span
+lang=EN-US>256</span>盘块<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i =
@@ -32192,7 +32192,7 @@ int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i =
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-nblocks;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�ϵͳ�̿�������</p>
+nblocks;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件系统盘块总数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 char&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -32202,10 +32202,10 @@ Move pointer */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ�������̵���Ч�Ժ������ԡ����<span
-lang=EN-US>ramdisk</span>�ĳ���Ϊ�㣬���˳���������ʾ<span lang=EN-US>ramdisk</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检查虚拟盘的有效性和完整性。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>ramdisk</span>的长度为零，则退出。否则显示<span lang=EN-US>ramdisk</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ĵ�С�Լ��ڴ���ʼλ�á������ʱ���ļ��豸���������豸����Ҳ�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的大小以及内存起始位置。如果此时根文件设备不是软盘设备，则也退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!<u><span style='color:blue'>rd_length</span></u>)</span></p>
@@ -32227,25 +32227,25 @@ if (<u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>ROO
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ������ļ�ϵͳ�Ļ����������������̿�<span
-lang=EN-US>256+1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>256</span>��<span lang=EN-US>256+2</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>block+1</span>��ָ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后读根文件系统的基本参数。即读软盘块<span
+lang=EN-US>256+1</span>、<span lang=EN-US>256</span>和<span lang=EN-US>256+2</span>。这里<span
+lang=EN-US>block+1</span>是指磁盘上</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ĳ����顣<span lang=EN-US>breada()
-</span>���ڶ�ȡָ�������ݿ飬���������Ҫ���Ŀ飬Ȼ�󷵻غ������ݿ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的超级块。<span lang=EN-US>breada()
+</span>用于读取指定的数据块，并标出还需要读的块，然后返回含有数据块的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ָ�롣�������<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�����ʾ���ݿ鲻�ɶ���<span lang=EN-US>fs/buffer.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>322</span>����Ȼ��ѻ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>缓冲区指针。如果返回<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，则表示数据块不可读（<span lang=EN-US>fs/buffer.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>322</span>）。然后把缓冲区中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ĵ��̳����飨<span
-lang=EN-US>d_super_block</span>�Ǵ��̳�����ṹ�����Ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>s</span>�����У����ͷŻ�������
-����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的磁盘超级块（<span
+lang=EN-US>d_super_block</span>是磁盘超级块结构）复制到<span lang=EN-US>s</span>变量中，并释放缓冲区。
+接着</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǿ�ʼ�Գ��������Ч�Խ����жϡ� ������������ļ�ϵͳħ�����ԣ���˵�����ص�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>我们开始对超级块的有效性进行判断。 如果超级块中文件系统魔数不对，则说明加载的数据</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�鲻��<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>�ļ�ϵͳ�������˳����й�<span
-lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>������Ľṹ��μ��ļ�ϵͳһ�����ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块不是<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>文件系统，于是退出。有关<span
+lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>超级块的结构请参见文件系统一章内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bh = <u><span style='color:blue'>breada</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>ROOT_DEV</span></u>,block+1,block,block+2,-1);</span></p>
@@ -32278,26 +32278,26 @@ if (s.s_magic != <u><span style='color:blue'>SUPER_MAGIC</span></u>)</span></p>
 <b><i>/* No ram disk image present, assume normal floppy boot */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>������û��<span lang=EN-US>ramdisk</span>ӳ���ļ����˳�ȥִ��ͨ������������ <span
+/* </span>磁盘中没有<span lang=EN-US>ramdisk</span>映像文件，退出去执行通常的软盘引导 <span
 lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��������ͼ���������ļ�ϵͳ���뵽�ڴ����������С�����һ���ļ�ϵͳ��˵���䳬����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后我们试图把整个根文件系统读入到内存虚拟盘区中。对于一个文件系统来说，其超级块</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>
-s_nzones </span>�ֶ��б��������߼����������Ϊ����������һ���߼����к��е����ݿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>结构的<span lang=EN-US>
+s_nzones </span>字段中保存着总逻辑块数（或称为区段数）。一个逻辑块中含有的数据块</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>s_log_zone_size</span>ָ��������ļ�ϵͳ�е����ݿ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>nblocks </span>�͵���<span lang=EN-US> (</span>�߼���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数则由字段<span lang=EN-US>s_log_zone_size</span>指定。因此文件系统中的数据块总数<span
+lang=EN-US>nblocks </span>就等于<span lang=EN-US> (</span>逻辑块</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US> * 2^(</span>ÿ���ο����Ĵη�<span
-lang=EN-US>))</span>����<span lang=EN-US>nblocks = (s_nzones * 2^s_log_zone_size)</span>���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数<span lang=EN-US> * 2^(</span>每区段块数的次方<span
+lang=EN-US>))</span>，即<span lang=EN-US>nblocks = (s_nzones * 2^s_log_zone_size)</span>。如果遇到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�ϵͳ�����ݿ����������ڴ��������������ɵĿ��������������ִ�м��ز�������ֻ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件系统中数据块总数大于内存虚拟盘所能容纳的块数的情况，则不能执行加载操作，而只</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʾ������Ϣ�����ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>能显示出错信息并返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 nblocks = s.s_nzones &lt;&lt; s.s_log_zone_size;</span></p>
@@ -32321,22 +32321,22 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������������ɵ����ļ�ϵͳ�����ݿ�������������ʾ�������ݿ���Ϣ������<span
-lang=EN-US>cp</span>ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则若虚拟盘能容纳得下文件系统总数据块数，则我们显示加载数据块信息，并让<span
+lang=EN-US>cp</span>指向</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ���������ʼ����Ȼ��ʼִ��ѭ�������������ϸ��ļ�ϵͳӳ���ļ����ص��������ϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存虚拟盘起始处，然后开始执行循环操作将磁盘上根文件系统映像文件加载到虚拟盘上。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڲ��������У����һ����Ҫ���ص��̿�������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�飬���Ǿ����ó�ǰԤ������<span lang=EN-US>breada()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在操作过程中，如果一次需要加载的盘块数大于<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>块，我们就是用超前预读函数<span lang=EN-US>breada()</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>bread()</span>�������е����ȡ�����ڶ��̹����г���<span
-lang=EN-US>I/O</span>�������󣬾�ֻ�ܷ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则就使用<span lang=EN-US>bread()</span>函数进行单块读取。若在读盘过程中出现<span
+lang=EN-US>I/O</span>操作错误，就只能放弃加</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ع��̷��ء�����ȡ�Ĵ��̿��ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>memcpy()</span>�����Ӹ��ٻ������и��Ƶ��ڴ���������Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>载过程返回。所读取的磁盘块会使用<span
+lang=EN-US>memcpy()</span>函数从高速缓冲区中复制到内存虚拟盘相应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ�ô���ͬʱ��ʾ�Ѽ��صĿ�������ʾ�ַ����еİ˽�����<span
-lang=EN-US>'\010'</span>��ʾ��ʾһ���Ʊ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位置处，同时显示已加载的块数。显示字符串中的八进制数<span
+lang=EN-US>'\010'</span>表示显示一个制表符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>102</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -32357,7 +32357,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (nblocks) {</s
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (nblocks &gt; 2) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>����ȡ��������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>������ó�ǰԤ����</p>
+</span>若读取块数多于<span lang=EN-US>2</span>块则采用超前预读。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>107</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -32367,7 +32367,7 @@ block, block+1, block+2, -1);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>108</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 else&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����͵����ȡ��</p>
+// </span>否则就单块读取。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>109</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -32399,7 +32399,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (void) <u><span style='color:blue'>memcpy</span></u>(cp, bh-&gt;b_data, <u><span
 style='color:blue'>BLOCK_SIZE</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>cp</span>����</p>
+// </span>复制到<span lang=EN-US>cp</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -32408,12 +32408,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>printk</span></u>(<i>&quot;\010\010\010\010\010%4dk&quot;</i>,i);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ӡ���ؿ����ֵ��</p>
+// </span>打印加载块计数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cp += <u><span style='color:blue'>BLOCK_SIZE</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ָ��ǰ�ơ�</p>
+// </span>虚拟盘指针前移。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -32430,11 +32430,11 @@ i++;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>boot</span>���д�<span
-lang=EN-US>256</span>�̿鿪ʼ���������ļ�ϵͳ������Ϻ�������ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>done</span>��������Ŀǰ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当<span lang=EN-US>boot</span>盘中从<span
+lang=EN-US>256</span>盘块开始的整个根文件系统加载完毕后，我们显示“<span lang=EN-US>done</span>”，并把目前</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ��豸���޸ĳ������̵��豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x0101</span>����󷵻ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根文件设备号修改成虚拟盘的设备号<span
+lang=EN-US>0x0101</span>，最后返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>123</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -32466,7 +32466,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447991"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447395"></a><a name="_Toc53320621"><span lang=EN-US>9.5 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>9-5 linux/kernel/blk_drv/floppy.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>9-5 linux/kernel/blk_drv/floppy.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -32506,12 +32506,12 @@ so the code is hopefully easier to understand.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 02.12.91 - </span>�޸ĳɾ�̬����������Ӧ��λ������У����������ʹ��ĳЩ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 02.12.91 - </span>修改成静态变量，以适应复位和重新校正操作。这使得某些事情</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��������Ϊ���㣨<span
-lang=EN-US>output_byte </span>��λ���ȣ���������ζ���ڳ���ʱ�ж���ת</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>做起来较为方便（<span
+lang=EN-US>output_byte </span>复位检查等），并且意味着在出错时中断跳转</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>Ҫ��һЩ������Ҳϣ�������ܸ����ױ����⡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>要少一些，所以也希望代码能更容易被理解。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -32538,13 +32538,13 @@ correct them. No promises. </i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ļ���Ȼ�Ƚϻ��ҡ����Ѿ���������ʹ���ܹ����������Ҳ�ϲ��������̣�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>这个文件当然比较混乱。我已经尽我所能使其能够工作，但我不喜欢软驱编程，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������Ҳֻ��һ�����������⣬��Ӧ��������Ĳ���������Լ���������Ĵ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>而且我也只有一个软驱。另外，我应该做更多的查错工作，以及改正更多的错误。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ĳЩ��������������������󻹴���һЩ���⡣���Ѿ������Ž��о����ˣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>对于某些软盘驱动器，本程序好象还存在一些问题。我已经尝试着进行纠正了，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����ܱ�֤��������ʧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>但不能保证问题已消失。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -32579,97 +32579,97 @@ abund.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ͬ<span
-lang=EN-US>hd.c</span>�ļ�һ�������ļ��е������ӳ����ܹ����жϵ��ã�������Ҫ�ر�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>如同<span
+lang=EN-US>hd.c</span>文件一样，该文件中的所有子程序都能够被中断调用，所以需要特别</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��С�ġ�Ӳ���жϴ��������ǲ���˯�ߵģ������ں˾ͻ�ɵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>����˲���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>地小心。硬件中断处理程序是不能睡眠的，否则内核就会傻掉<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>死机<span lang=EN-US>)</span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>。因此不能</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ֱ�ӵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;floppy-on&quot;</span>����ֻ������һ������Ķ�ʱ�жϵȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>直接调用<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;floppy-on&quot;</span>，而只能设置一个特殊的定时中断等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���⣬�Ҳ��ܱ�֤�ó������ڶ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��������ϵͳ�Ϲ������п��ܴ��ڴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>另外，我不能保证该程序能在多于<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个软驱的系统上工作，有可能存在错误。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/fs.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�ϵͳͷ�ļ������ļ����ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>file</span>��<span lang=EN-US>m_inode</span>���ȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/fs.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件系统头文件。含文件表结构（<span
+lang=EN-US>file</span>、<span lang=EN-US>m_inode</span>）等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/fdreg.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷ�ļ����������̿�����������һЩ���塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/fdreg.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>软驱头文件。含有软盘控制器参数的一些定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ������������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵȵ�Ƕ����ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义了设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等的嵌入汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // io</span>ͷ�ļ�������Ӳ���˿�����<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>���������䡣</p>
+#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // io</span>头文件。定义硬件端口输入<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>输出宏汇编语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������豸�ŷ��ų����������������У����豸�ű����ڰ���<span
-lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>�ļ�֮ǰ�����塣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义软驱主设备号符号常数。在驱动程序中，主设备号必须在包含<span
+lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>文件之前被定义。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>�ļ���Ҫ�õ�������ų���ֵ��ȷ��һЩ��������ط��ų����ͺꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因为<span lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>文件中要用到这个符号常数值来确定一些列其他相关符号常数和宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR_NR</span></u> 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���������豸����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+// </span>软驱的主设备号是<span lang=EN-US>2</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 #include &quot;<u><span style='color:blue'>blk.h</span></u>&quot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���豸ͷ�ļ�����������ṹ�����豸�ṹ�ͺ꺯������Ϣ��</p>
+// </span>块设备头文件。定义请求结构、块设备结构和宏函数等信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>recalibrate</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��־��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ʾ��Ҫ����У����ͷλ�ã���ͷ���������</p>
+// </span>标志：<span lang=EN-US>1</span>表示需要重新校正磁头位置（磁头归零道）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>reset</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��־��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ʾ��Ҫ���и�λ������</p>
+// </span>标志：<span lang=EN-US>1</span>表示需要进行复位操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>seek</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��־��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ʾ��Ҫִ��Ѱ��������</p>
+// </span>标志：<span lang=EN-US>1</span>表示需要执行寻道操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ��������Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>DOR</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Digital Output Register</span>����������<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>223</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前数字输出寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>DOR</span>（<span lang=EN-US>Digital Output Register</span>），定义在<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>223</span>行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ñ����������������е���Ҫ��־������ѡ�����������Ƶ��������������λ���̿�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该变量含有软驱操作中的重要标志，包括选择软驱、控制电机启动、启动复位软盘控制器以</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>/</span>��ֹ<span
-lang=EN-US>DMA</span>���ж�������μ������б����<span lang=EN-US>DOR</span>�Ĵ�����˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>及允许<span lang=EN-US>/</span>禁止<span
+lang=EN-US>DMA</span>和中断请求。请参见程序列表后对<span lang=EN-US>DOR</span>寄存器的说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
 extern unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>current_DOR</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ֽ�ֱ���������Ƕ����꣩����ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>val</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>port</span>�˿ڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字节直接数输出（嵌入汇编宏）。把值<span
+lang=EN-US>val</span>输出到<span lang=EN-US>port</span>端口。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>immoutb_p</span></u>(val,port) \</span></p>
@@ -32680,20 +32680,20 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;outb %0,%1\n\tjmp 1f\n1:\tjmp 1f\n1:&quot;</i>::<i>&quot;a&quot
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������궨�����ڼ����������豸�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这两个宏定义用于计算软驱的设备号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>x</span>�Ǵ��豸�š����豸��<span
-lang=EN-US> = TYPE*4 + DRIVE</span>�����㷽���μ��б���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>x</span>是次设备号。次设备号<span
+lang=EN-US> = TYPE*4 + DRIVE</span>。计算方法参见列表后。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TYPE</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>)
 ((<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>)&gt;&gt;2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ͣ�<span lang=EN-US>2--1.2Mb</span>��<span lang=EN-US>7--1.44Mb</span>����</p>
+// </span>软驱类型（<span lang=EN-US>2--1.2Mb</span>，<span lang=EN-US>7--1.44Mb</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DRIVE</span></u>(<u><span style='color:
 blue'>x</span></u>) ((<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>)&amp;0x03)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ţ�<span lang=EN-US>0--3</span>��Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>A--D</span>����</p>
+// </span>软驱序号（<span lang=EN-US>0--3</span>对应<span lang=EN-US>A--D</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u> <b><i>/*</i></b></span></p>
 
@@ -32710,12 +32710,12 @@ so we might actually retry only 5-6 times before giving up.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�⣬���涨��<span
-lang=EN-US>MAX_ERRORS=8</span>������ʾ��ÿ�ζ����������<span lang=EN-US>8</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>��Щ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意，下面定义<span
+lang=EN-US>MAX_ERRORS=8</span>并不表示对每次读错误尝试最多<span lang=EN-US>8</span>次<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>有些类型</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�Ĵ����ѳ�������ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>����������ʵ�����ڷ�������֮ǰֻ�賢��<span lang=EN-US>5-6</span>�鼴�ɡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>的错误会把出错计数值乘<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>，所以我们实际上在放弃操作之前只需尝试<span lang=EN-US>5-6</span>遍即可。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -32731,35 +32731,35 @@ globals used by 'result()'</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�����Ǻ���<span lang=EN-US>'result()'</span>ʹ�õ�ȫ�ֱ���<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>下面是函数<span lang=EN-US>'result()'</span>使用的全局变量<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Щ״̬�ֽ��и�����λ�ĺ�����μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>include/linux/fdreg.h</span>ͷ�ļ������μ��б���˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这些状态字节中各比特位的含义请参见<span
+lang=EN-US>include/linux/fdreg.h</span>头文件。另参见列表后说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MAX_REPLIES</span></u> 7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FDC</span>��෵��<span lang=EN-US>7</span>�ֽڵĽ����Ϣ��</p>
+// FDC</span>最多返回<span lang=EN-US>7</span>字节的结果信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>
 static unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>reply_buffer</span></u>[<u><span
-style='color:blue'>MAX_REPLIES</span></u>];&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>���ص�Ӧ������Ϣ��</p>
+style='color:blue'>MAX_REPLIES</span></u>];&nbsp; // </span>存放<span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>返回的应答结果信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST0</span></u> (<u><span style='color:blue'>reply_buffer</span></u>[0])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���״̬�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+// </span>结果状态字节<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST1</span></u> (<u><span style='color:blue'>reply_buffer</span></u>[1])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���״̬�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+// </span>结果状态字节<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST2</span></u> (<u><span style='color:blue'>reply_buffer</span></u>[2])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���״̬�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+// </span>结果状态字节<span lang=EN-US>2</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST3</span></u> (<u><span style='color:blue'>reply_buffer</span></u>[3])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���״̬�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>3</span>��</p>
+// </span>结果状态字节<span lang=EN-US>3</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -32792,49 +32792,49 @@ be self-explanatory.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��������̽ṹ�����˲�ͬ���������͡���<span
-lang=EN-US>minix</span>��ͬ���ǣ�<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>û��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面的软盘结构定义了不同的软盘类型。与<span
+lang=EN-US>minix</span>不同的是，<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>没有</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * &quot;</span>������ȷ������<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;-</span>���ͣ���Ϊ���䴦���Ĵ������˷ѽ��ҹֵֹġ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * &quot;</span>搜索正确的类型<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;-</span>类型，因为对其处理的代码令人费解且怪怪的。本程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�Ѿ���������̫��������ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>已经让我遇到太多的问题了。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ĳЩ���͵����̣�������<span
-lang=EN-US>1.2MB</span>�������е�<span lang=EN-US>360kB</span>���̵ȣ���<span lang=EN-US>'stretch'</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>对某些类型的软盘（例如在<span
+lang=EN-US>1.2MB</span>驱动器中的<span lang=EN-US>360kB</span>软盘等），<span lang=EN-US>'stretch'</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ڼ��ŵ��Ƿ���Ҫ���⴦������������Ӧ���������ġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>用于检测磁道是否需要特殊处理。其他参数应该是自明的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������̽ṹ�����̲����У�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义软盘结构。软盘参数有：</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-size&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��С<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>������<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+size&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>大小<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>扇区数<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-sect&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>ÿ�ŵ���������</p>
+sect&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>每磁道扇区数；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // head&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>��ͷ����</p>
+</span>磁头数；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // track&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�ŵ�����</p>
+</span>磁道数；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // stretch&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�Դŵ��Ƿ�Ҫ���⴦������־����</p>
+</span>对磁道是否要特殊处理（标志）；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // gap&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>������϶����<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+</span>扇区间隙长度<span lang=EN-US>(</span>字节数<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-rate&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>���ݴ������ʣ�</p>
+rate&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>数据传输速率；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // spec1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>4</span>λ�������ʣ�����λ��ͷж��ʱ�䣩��</p>
+</span>参数（高<span lang=EN-US>4</span>位步进速率，低四位磁头卸载时间）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>
 static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy_struct</span></u> {</span></p>
@@ -32912,54 +32912,54 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>rate</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʾ<span lang=EN-US>500kbps</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��ʾ<span lang=EN-US>300kbps</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��ʾ<span
-lang=EN-US>250kbps</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>上面速率<span
+lang=EN-US>rate</span>：<span lang=EN-US>0</span>表示<span lang=EN-US>500kbps</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>表示<span lang=EN-US>300kbps</span>，<span lang=EN-US>2</span>表示<span
+lang=EN-US>250kbps</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>spec1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0xSH</span>������<span lang=EN-US>S</span>�ǲ������ʣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>F-1ms</span>��<span lang=EN-US>E-2ms</span>��<span lang=EN-US>D=3ms</span>�ȣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>参数<span
+lang=EN-US>spec1</span>是<span lang=EN-US>0xSH</span>，其中<span lang=EN-US>S</span>是步进速率（<span
+lang=EN-US>F-1ms</span>，<span lang=EN-US>E-2ms</span>，<span lang=EN-US>D=3ms</span>等），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * H</span>�Ǵ�ͷж��ʱ�䣨<span
-lang=EN-US>1=16ms</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2=32ms</span>�ȣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * H</span>是磁头卸载时间（<span
+lang=EN-US>1=16ms</span>，<span lang=EN-US>2=32ms</span>等）</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * spec2</span>�ǣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>HLD&lt;&lt;1 | ND</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>HLD</span>�Ǵ�ͷ����ʱ�䣨<span
-lang=EN-US>1=2ms</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2=4ms</span>�ȣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * spec2</span>是（<span
+lang=EN-US>HLD&lt;&lt;1 | ND</span>），其中<span lang=EN-US>HLD</span>是磁头加载时间（<span
+lang=EN-US>1=2ms</span>，<span lang=EN-US>2=4ms</span>等）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * ND</span>��λ��ʾ��ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>DMA</span>��<span lang=EN-US>No DMA</span>�����ڳ�����Ӳ�����<span lang=EN-US>6</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>HLD=6ms</span>��ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * ND</span>置位表示不使用<span
+lang=EN-US>DMA</span>（<span lang=EN-US>No DMA</span>），在程序中硬编码成<span lang=EN-US>6</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>HLD=6ms</span>，使用<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ע�⣬������ͷ����ʱ�����д<span
-lang=EN-US>HLD</span>���д�ɱ�׼��<span lang=EN-US>HLT</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Head
-Load Time</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>注意，上述磁头加载时间的缩写<span
+lang=EN-US>HLD</span>最好写成标准的<span lang=EN-US>HLT</span>（<span lang=EN-US>Head
+Load Time</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // floppy_interrupt()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>�����������жϴ������̱�š����ｫ�����̳�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // floppy_interrupt()</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>sys_call.s</span>程序中软驱中断处理过程标号。这里将在软盘初始化</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>floppy_init()</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>469</span>�У�ʹ������ʼ���ж���������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数<span lang=EN-US>floppy_init()</span>（第<span
+lang=EN-US>469</span>行）使用它初始化中断陷阱门描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy_interrupt</span></u>(void);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>boot/head.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>132</span>�д��������ʱ���̻����������������Ļ����������ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这是<span lang=EN-US>boot/head.s</span>第<span
+lang=EN-US>132</span>行处定义的临时软盘缓冲区。如果请求项的缓冲区处于内存<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ĳ���ط�������Ҫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>DMA</span>������������ʱ�������򴦡���Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>8237A</span>оƬֻ����<span
-lang=EN-US>1MB</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以上某个地方，则需要将<span
+lang=EN-US>DMA</span>缓冲区设在临时缓冲区域处。因为<span lang=EN-US>8237A</span>芯片只能在<span
+lang=EN-US>1MB</span>地</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ַ��Χ��Ѱַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>址范围内寻址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern char <u><span style='color:blue'>tmp_floppy_area</span></u>[1024];</span></p>
@@ -32986,87 +32986,87 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������һЩȫ�ֱ�������Ϊ���ǽ���Ϣ�����жϳ�����򵥵ķ�ʽ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面是一些全局变量，因为这是将信息传给中断程序最简单的方式。它们</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ڵ�ǰ����������ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>用于当前请求项的数据。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Щ��ν�ġ�ȫ�ֱ�������ָ�������жϴ��������е��õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>����ʹ�õı�������Ȼ��Щ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这些所谓的“全局变量”是指在软盘中断处理程序中调用的<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数使用的变量。当然这些</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // C</span>�������ڱ������ڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // C</span>函数都在本程序内。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>cur_spec1</span></u> = -1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��ǰ���̲���<span lang=EN-US>spec1</span>��</p>
+</span>当前软盘参数<span lang=EN-US>spec1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>cur_rate</span></u> = -1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ����ת��<span lang=EN-US>rate</span>��</p>
+// </span>当前软盘转速<span lang=EN-US>rate</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>115</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy_struct</span></u>
 * <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy_type</span></u>;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ͽṹ����ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>软盘类型结构数组指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>current_drive</span></u>
 = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ�������š�</p>
+// </span>当前驱动器号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>sector</span></u>
 = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ�����š�</p>
+// </span>当前扇区号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>head</span></u> =
 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ��ͷ�š�</p>
+// </span>当前磁头号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>track</span></u> =
 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ�ŵ��š�</p>
+// </span>当前磁道号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>120</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>seek_track</span></u>
 = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ѱ���ŵ��š�</p>
+// </span>寻道磁道号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>121</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>current_track</span></u>
-= 255;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��ǰ��ͷ���ڴŵ��š�</p>
+= 255;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>当前磁头所在磁道号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>command</span></u>
 = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д���</p>
+// </span>读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写命令。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>123</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>selected</span></u> = 0; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>������ѡ����־���ڴ���������֮ǰҪ����ѡ��������</p>
+</span>软驱已选定标志。在处理请求项之前要首先选定软驱。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>124</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>wait_on_floppy_select</span></u> = <u><span
-style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ�ѡ��������������С�</p>
+style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待选定软驱的任务队列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>125</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ȡ��ѡ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>取消选定软驱。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������ָ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>��ǰ��û�б�ѡ��������ʾ������Ϣ��Ȼ��λ������ѡ����־</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果函数参数指定的软驱<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>当前并没有被选定，则显示警告信息。然后复位软驱已选定标志</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // selected</span>�������ѵȴ�ѡ���������������������Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(DOR)</span>�ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>λ����ָ��ѡ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // selected</span>，并唤醒等待选择该软驱的任务。数字输出寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>(DOR)</span>的低<span lang=EN-US>2</span>位用于指定选择的软</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>0-3</span>��Ӧ<span
-lang=EN-US>A-D</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>驱（<span lang=EN-US>0-3</span>对应<span
+lang=EN-US>A-D</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>126</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy_deselect</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -33087,12 +33087,12 @@ not selected\n\r&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>selected</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��λ������ѡ����־��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>复位软驱已选定标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>131</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>wake_up</span></u>(&amp;<u><span style='color:blue'>wait_on_floppy_select</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ѵȴ�������</p>
+// </span>唤醒等待的任务。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>132</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -33124,27 +33124,27 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * floppy-change()</span>���Ǵ��жϳ����е��õģ������������ǿ�������һ�£�˯�ߵȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * floppy-change()</span>不是从中断程序中调用的，所以这里我们可以轻松一下，睡眠等。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע��<span
-lang=EN-US>floppy-on()</span>�᳢������<span lang=EN-US>current_DOR</span>ָ�������������������ͬʱʹ�ü���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意<span
+lang=EN-US>floppy-on()</span>会尝试设置<span lang=EN-US>current_DOR</span>指向所需的驱动器，但当同时使用几个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ʱ����˯�ߣ���˴�ʱֻ��ʹ��ѭ����ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>软盘时不能睡眠：因此此时只能使用循环方式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ָ�����������̸��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>检测指定软驱中软盘更换情况。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>�������š�������̸������򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>是软驱号。如果软盘更换了则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，否则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�������ѡ������ָ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>��Ȼ��������̿���������������Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US>DIR</span>��ֵ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先选定参数指定的软驱<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>，然后测试软盘控制器的数字输入寄存器<span lang=EN-US>DIR</span>的值，以判</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������е������Ƿ񱻸��������ú����ɳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/buffer.c</span>�е� <span lang=EN-US>check_disk_change()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>断驱动器中的软盘是否被更换过。该函数由程序<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/buffer.c</span>中的 <span lang=EN-US>check_disk_change()</span>函</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ã���<span lang=EN-US>119</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数调用（第<span lang=EN-US>119</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy_change</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -33153,15 +33153,15 @@ int nr)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ҫ��������������ת�������ﵽ��������ת�١�����Ҫ����һ��ʱ�䡣���õķ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先要让软驱中软盘旋转起来并达到正常工作转速。这需要花费一定时间。采用的方法是利</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>�����̶�ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>do_floppy_timer()</span>����һ������ʱ������<span lang=EN-US>floppy_on()</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>中软盘定时函数<span
+lang=EN-US>do_floppy_timer()</span>进行一定的延时处理。<span lang=EN-US>floppy_on()</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������ж���ʱ�Ƿ񵽣�<span
-lang=EN-US>mon_timer[nr]==0?</span>������û�е����õ�ǰ���̼���˯�ߵȴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数则用于判断延时是否到（<span
+lang=EN-US>mon_timer[nr]==0?</span>），若没有到则让当前进程继续睡眠等待。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱ����<span lang=EN-US>do_floppy_timer()</span>�ỽ�ѵ�ǰ���̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若延时到则<span lang=EN-US>do_floppy_timer()</span>会唤醒当前进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> repeat:</span></p>
@@ -33169,22 +33169,22 @@ lang=EN-US> repeat:</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>floppy_on</span></u>(nr);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ȴ�ָ������<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>251</span>�У���</p>
+// </span>启动并等待指定软驱<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>，第<span
+lang=EN-US>251</span>行）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������������ת��֮���������鿴һ�µ�ǰѡ��������ǲ��Ǻ�������ָ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在软盘启动（旋转）之后，我们来查看一下当前选择的软驱是不是函数参数指定的软驱<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰѡ�����������ָ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>�������Ѿ�ѡ�����������������õ�ǰ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前选择的软驱不是指定的软驱<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>，并且已经选定了其他软驱，则让当前任务进入可</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�жϵȴ�״̬���Եȴ�����������ȡ��ѡ�����μ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>floppy_deselect()</span>�� �����ǰû</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中断等待状态，以等待其他软驱被取消选定。参见上面<span
+lang=EN-US>floppy_deselect()</span>。 如果当前没</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ѡ������������������������ȡ��ѡ����ʹ��ǰ���񱻻���ʱ��
-��ǰ������Ȼ����ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有选择其他软驱或者其他软驱被取消选定而使当前任务被唤醒时，
+当前软驱仍然不是指定</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>������ת��������ʼ������ѭ���ȴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的软驱<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>，则跳转到函数开始处重新循环等待。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>144</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while ((<u><span
@@ -33204,13 +33204,13 @@ style='color:blue'>current_DOR</span></u> &amp; 3) != nr)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 goto repeat;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������̿�������ѡ������ָ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>������ȡ��������Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US>DIR</span>��ֵ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在软盘控制器已选定我们指定的软驱<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>。于是取数字输入寄存器<span lang=EN-US>DIR</span>的值，如果其最高</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ��λ<span lang=EN-US>7</span>����λ�����ʾ�����Ѹ�������ʱ���ɹر����ﲢ����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�˳��� ����ر����ﷵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位（位<span lang=EN-US>7</span>）置位，则表示软盘已更换，此时即可关闭马达并返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>退出。 否则关闭马达返</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�˳�����ʾ����û�б�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>退出。表示磁盘没有被更换。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -33241,11 +33241,11 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ڴ滺��飬��<span
-lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>复制内存缓冲块，共<span
+lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڴ��ַ<span lang=EN-US>from</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽ����ݵ���ַ<span lang=EN-US>to</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从内存地址<span lang=EN-US>from</span>处复制<span
+lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节数据到地址<span lang=EN-US>to</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>copy_buffer</span></u>(from,to)
@@ -33265,14 +33265,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;cx&quot;</
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ã���ʼ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>DMA</span>ͨ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>设置（初始化）软盘<span
+lang=EN-US>DMA</span>通道。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ݶ�д������ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>DMA</span>���еġ������ÿ�ν������ݴ���֮ǰ��Ҫ����<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>оƬ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>软盘中数据读写操作是使用<span
+lang=EN-US>DMA</span>进行的。因此在每次进行数据传输之前需要设置<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>芯片</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ר������������ͨ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>���й�<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>��̷�����μ������б������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>上专门用于软驱的通道<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>。有关<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>编程方法请参见程序列表后的信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>setup_DMA</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -33283,19 +33283,19 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; long addr = (long) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;buffer;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ��������������ڴ��ַ��</p>
+// </span>当前请求项缓冲区所处内存地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ��������Ļ���������λ�á���������������ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1MB</span>���ϵ�ĳ���ط�������Ҫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检测请求项的缓冲区所在位置。如果缓冲区处于内存<span
+lang=EN-US>1MB</span>以上的某个地方，则需要将</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // DMA</span>������������ʱ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>tmp_floppy_area</span>��������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>8237A</span>оƬֻ����<span
-lang=EN-US>1MB</span>��ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // DMA</span>缓冲区设在临时缓冲区域（<span
+lang=EN-US>tmp_floppy_area</span>）处。因为<span lang=EN-US>8237A</span>芯片只能在<span
+lang=EN-US>1MB</span>地址范</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Χ��Ѱַ�������д���������Ҫ�����ݴ�������������Ƶ�����ʱ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>围内寻址。如果是写盘命令，则还需要把数据从请求项缓冲区复制到该临时区域。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -33322,28 +33322,28 @@ style='color:blue'>tmp_floppy_area</span></u>);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ǿ�ʼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>DMA</span>ͨ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���ڿ�ʼ����֮ǰ��Ҫ�����θ�ͨ������ͨ�����μĴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接下来我们开始设置<span
+lang=EN-US>DMA</span>通道<span lang=EN-US>2</span>。在开始设置之前需要先屏蔽该通道。单通道屏蔽寄存器</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�˿�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0x0A</span>��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>0-1</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>ͨ��<span lang=EN-US>(0--3)</span>��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ʾ���Σ�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʾ��������
-Ȼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>端口为<span lang=EN-US>0x0A</span>。位<span
+lang=EN-US>0-1</span>指定<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>通道<span lang=EN-US>(0--3)</span>，位<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>：<span lang=EN-US>1</span>表示屏蔽，<span lang=EN-US>0</span>表示允许请求。
+然后向</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // DMA</span>�������˿�<span
-lang=EN-US>12</span>��<span lang=EN-US>11</span>д�뷽ʽ�֣�������<span lang=EN-US>0x46</span>��д������<span
-lang=EN-US>0x4A</span>���� ��д�봫��ʹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // DMA</span>控制器端口<span
+lang=EN-US>12</span>和<span lang=EN-US>11</span>写入方式字（读盘是<span lang=EN-US>0x46</span>，写盘则是<span
+lang=EN-US>0x4A</span>）。 再写入传输使用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ַ<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>����Ҫ������ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x3ff</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0--1023</span>�������λ��<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>ͨ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�����Σ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>缓冲区地址<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>和需要传输的字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>0x3ff</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0--1023</span>）。最后复位对<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>通道<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的屏蔽，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>DMA2</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>DREQ</span>�źš�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>开放<span lang=EN-US>DMA2</span>请求<span
+lang=EN-US>DREQ</span>信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* mask DMA 2 */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>DMA</span>ͨ��<span lang=EN-US>2 */</span></p>
+lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* mask DMA 2 */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>屏蔽<span
+lang=EN-US>DMA</span>通道<span lang=EN-US>2 */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>172</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -33357,32 +33357,32 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* output command byte. I don't know why, but everyone
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* sanches &amp; canton) output this twice, first to 12 then
 to 11 */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>��������ֽڡ����ǲ�֪��Ϊʲô������ÿ���ˣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>minix</span>��<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>输出命令字节。我是不知道为什么，但是每个人（<span
+lang=EN-US>minix</span>，<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* sanches</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>canton</span>����������Σ�������<span lang=EN-US>12</span>�ڣ�Ȼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>11</span>��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* sanches</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>canton</span>）都输出两次，首先是<span lang=EN-US>12</span>口，然后是<span
+lang=EN-US>11</span>口<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ƕ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>DMA</span>�������ġ�����Ⱥ󴥷������˿�<span lang=EN-US>12</span>�ͷ�ʽ�Ĵ����˿�<span
-lang=EN-US>11</span>д��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面嵌入汇编代码向<span
+lang=EN-US>DMA</span>控制器的“清除先后触发器”端口<span lang=EN-US>12</span>和方式寄存器端口<span
+lang=EN-US>11</span>写入</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʽ�֣�����ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x46</span>��д����<span lang=EN-US>0x4A</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>方式字（读盘时是<span
+lang=EN-US>0x46</span>，写盘是<span lang=EN-US>0x4A</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڸ�ͨ���ĵ�ַ�ͼ����Ĵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>16</span>λ�ģ��������������ʱ����Ҫ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ν��в�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>由于各通道的地址和计数寄存器都是<span
+lang=EN-US>16</span>位的，因此在设置他们时都需要分<span lang=EN-US>2</span>次进行操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ�η��ʵ��ֽڣ���һ�η��ʸ��ֽڡ���ʵ����д�ĸ��ֽ������Ⱥ󴥷�����״̬������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一次访问低字节，另一次访问高字节。而实际在写哪个字节则由先后触发器的状态决定。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>ʱ������ʵ��ֽڣ����ֽڴ�����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>ʱ������ʸ��ֽڡ�ÿ����һ�Σ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当触发器为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>时，则访问低字节；当字节触发器为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>时，则访问高字节。每访问一次，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ô�������״̬�ͱ仯һ�Ρ���д�˿�<span
-lang=EN-US>12</span>�Ϳ��Խ��������ó�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>״̬���Ӷ���<span lang=EN-US>16</span>λ�Ĵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该触发器的状态就变化一次。而写端口<span
+lang=EN-US>12</span>就可以将触发器置成<span lang=EN-US>0</span>状态，从而对<span lang=EN-US>16</span>位寄存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ôӵ��ֽڿ�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>器的设置从低字节开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; __asm__(<i>&quot;outb
@@ -33399,11 +33399,11 @@ style='color:blue'>FD_READ</span></u>)?<u><span style='color:blue'>DMA_READ</spa
 style='color:blue'>DMA_WRITE</span></u>)));</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>178</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* 8 low bits of addr */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>��ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0-7</span>λ<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* 8 low bits of addr */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>地址低<span
+lang=EN-US>0-7</span>位<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>ͨ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>д���<span lang=EN-US>/</span>��ǰ��ַ�Ĵ������˿�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>向<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>通道<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>写入基<span lang=EN-US>/</span>当前地址寄存器（端口<span lang=EN-US>4</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>179</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -33413,8 +33413,8 @@ style='color:blue'>immoutb_p</span></u>(addr,4);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addr &gt;&gt;= 8;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>181</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* bits 8-15 of addr */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>��ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>8-15</span>λ<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* bits 8-15 of addr */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>地址高<span
+lang=EN-US>8-15</span>位<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -33424,41 +33424,41 @@ style='color:blue'>immoutb_p</span></u>(addr,4);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addr &gt;&gt;= 8;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>184</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* bits 16-19 of addr */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>16-19</span>λ<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* bits 16-19 of addr */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>地址<span
+lang=EN-US>16-19</span>位<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // DMA</span>ֻ������<span
-lang=EN-US>1MB</span>�ڴ�ռ���Ѱַ�����<span lang=EN-US>16-19</span>λ��ַ�����ҳ��Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�˿�<span lang=EN-US>0x81)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // DMA</span>只可以在<span
+lang=EN-US>1MB</span>内存空间内寻址，其高<span lang=EN-US>16-19</span>位地址需放入页面寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>端口<span lang=EN-US>0x81)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>185</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>immoutb_p</span></u>(addr,0x81);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>186</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* low 8 bits of count-1 (1024-1=0x3ff) */</i></b> &nbsp;/* </span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>(1024-1 = 0x3ff) */</span></p>
+lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* low 8 bits of count-1 (1024-1=0x3ff) */</i></b> &nbsp;/* </span>计数器低<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>位<span lang=EN-US>(1024-1 = 0x3ff) */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>ͨ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>д���<span lang=EN-US>/</span>��ǰ�ֽڼ�����ֵ���˿�<span lang=EN-US>5</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>向<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>通道<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>写入基<span lang=EN-US>/</span>当前字节计数器值（端口<span lang=EN-US>5</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>187</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>immoutb_p</span></u>(0xff,5);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* high 8 bits of count-1 */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>λ<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* high 8 bits of count-1 */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>计数器高<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>位<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ�ι�����<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽڣ�������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一次共传输<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节（两个扇区）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>immoutb_p</span></u>(3,5);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* activate DMA 2 */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>DMA</span>ͨ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>������<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* activate DMA 2 */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>开启<span
+lang=EN-US>DMA</span>通道<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的请求<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>191</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -33474,15 +33474,15 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���������������һ���ֽ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>向软驱控制器输出一个字节命令或参数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������һ���ֽ�֮ǰ����������Ҫ����׼����״̬���������ݴ��䷽���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在向控制器发送一个字节之前，控制器需要处于准备好状态，并且数据传输方向必须设置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ɴ�<span lang=EN-US>CPU
-</span>�� <span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>����˺�����Ҫ���ȶ�ȡ������״̬��Ϣ������ʹ����ѭ����ѯ��ʽ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>成从<span lang=EN-US>CPU
+</span>到 <span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>，因此函数需要首先读取控制器状态信息。这里使用了循环查询方式，以</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ʵ���ʱ����������������ø�λ��־<span
-lang=EN-US>reset</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>作适当延时。若出错，则会设置复位标志<span
+lang=EN-US>reset</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>195</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(char
@@ -33501,13 +33501,13 @@ status;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>199</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ѭ����ȡ��״̬������<span
-lang=EN-US>FD_STATUS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x3f4</span>����״̬���������״̬�� <span
-lang=EN-US>STATUS_READY </span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>循环读取主状态控制器<span
+lang=EN-US>FD_STATUS</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0x3f4</span>）的状态。如果所读状态是 <span
+lang=EN-US>STATUS_READY </span>并且</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����λ<span lang=EN-US>STATUS_DIR
-= 0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>FDC</span>�����������ݶ˿����ָ���ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>方向位<span lang=EN-US>STATUS_DIR
+= 0</span>（<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>à</span><span
+lang=EN-US>FDC</span>），则向数据端口输出指定字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>200</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -33545,7 +33545,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>208</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ѭ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ν��������ܷ��ͣ����ø�λ��־������ӡ������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果到循环<span lang=EN-US>1</span>万次结束还不能发送，则置复位标志，并打印出错信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>209</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -33562,13 +33562,13 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>212</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>ִ�еĽ����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>读取<span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>执行的结果信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ϣ���<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>���ֽڣ����������<span lang=EN-US>reply_buffer[]</span>�С����ض���Ľ���ֽ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>结果信息最多<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>个字节，存放在数组<span lang=EN-US>reply_buffer[]</span>中。返回读入的结果字节数，若返回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֵ<span lang=EN-US> =
--1</span>�����ʾ��������������ʽ�����溯�����ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>值<span lang=EN-US> =
+-1</span>，则表示出错。程序处理方式与上面函数类似。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>result</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -33583,20 +33583,20 @@ status;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>216</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����λ��־����λ���������˳���ȥִ�к��������еĸ�λ����������ѭ����ȡ��״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若复位标志已置位，则立刻退出。去执行后续程序中的复位操作。否则循环读取主状态控</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>FD_STATUS</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x3f4</span>����״̬�������ȡ�Ŀ�����״̬��<span lang=EN-US>READY</span>����ʾ�Ѿ�û�����ݿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>制器<span lang=EN-US>FD_STATUS</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>0x3f4</span>）的状态。如果读取的控制器状态是<span lang=EN-US>READY</span>，表示已经没有数据可</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ���򷵻��Ѷ�ȡ���ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�����������״̬�Ƿ����־��λ��<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>&szlig;</span><span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>������׼���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取，则返回已读取的字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>。如果控制器状态是方向标志置位（<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>&szlig;</span><span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>）、已准备好、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>æ����ʾ�����ݿɶ�ȡ�� ���ǰѿ������еĽ�����ݶ��뵽Ӧ���������С�
-����ȡ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>忙，表示有数据可读取。 于是把控制器中的结果数据读入到应答结果数组中。
+最多读取</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // MAX_REPLIES</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>�����ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // MAX_REPLIES</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>）个字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>217</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -33650,7 +33650,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ѭ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ν��������ܷ��ͣ����ø�λ��־������ӡ������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果到循环<span lang=EN-US>1</span>万次结束还不能发送，则置复位标志，并打印出错信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>229</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -33669,20 +33669,20 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>233</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���̶�д��������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>软盘读写出错处理函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú����������̶�д����������ȷ����Ҫ��ȡ�Ľ�һ���ж��������ǰ���������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数根据软盘读写出错次数来确定需要采取的进一步行动。如果当前处理的请求项出错</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ڹ涨������������<span
-lang=EN-US>MAX_ERRORS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>8</span>�Σ������ٶԵ�ǰ����������һ���Ĳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>次数大于规定的最大出错次数<span
+lang=EN-US>MAX_ERRORS</span>（<span lang=EN-US>8</span>次），则不再对当前请求项作进一步的操作</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ԡ������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д���������Ѿ�����<span lang=EN-US>MAX_ERRORS/2</span>������Ҫ����������λ��������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>尝试。如果读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写出错次数已经超过<span lang=EN-US>MAX_ERRORS/2</span>，则需要对软驱作复位处理，于是设置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ��־<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>�������������������������ֵ��һ�룬��ֻ������У��һ�´�ͷλ�ã�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复位标志<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>。否则若出错次数还不到最大值的一半，则只需重新校正一下磁头位置，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������У����־<span
-lang=EN-US>recalibrate</span>�������ĸ�λ������У���������ں����ĳ����н��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于是设置重新校正标志<span
+lang=EN-US>recalibrate</span>。真正的复位和重新校正处理会在后续的程序中进行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>234</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>bad_flp_intr</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -33690,10 +33690,10 @@ lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>bad_flp_intr</span></u>(void
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>235</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ȱѵ�ǰ���������������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�������ǰ������������������������������������ȡ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先把当前请求项出错次数增<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。如果当前请求项出错次数大于最大允许出错次数，则取</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ѡ����ǰ�����������������������������û�б����£���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>消选定当前软驱，并结束该请求项（缓冲区内容没有被更新）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>236</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -33716,9 +33716,9 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>240</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ����������������������������������һ�룬���ø�λ��־������������и�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前请求项出错次数大于最大允许出错次数的一半，则置复位标志，需对软驱进行复</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ������Ȼ�����ԡ���������������У��һ�����ԡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位操作，然后再试。否则软驱需重新校正一下再试。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>241</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -33757,24 +33757,24 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>��������жϴ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>DMA</span>��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д�ɹ�����õģ��������ǾͿ��Լ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>，下面的中断处理函数是在<span
+lang=EN-US>DMA</span>读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写成功后调用的，这样我们就可以检查</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ִ�н���������ƻ������е����ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>执行结果，并复制缓冲区中的数据。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���̶�д�����жϵ��ú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>软盘读写操作中断调用函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú��������������������������������жϴ��������б����á��������ȶ�ȡ�������״</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数在软驱控制器操作结束后引发的中断处理过程中被调用。函数首先读取操作结果状</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>̬��Ϣ���ݴ��жϲ����Ƿ�������Ⲣ����Ӧ������
-�����<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д�����ɹ�����ô��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>态信息，据此判断操作是否出现问题并作相应处理。
+如果读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写操作成功，那么若请求项</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƕ����������仺�������ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1MB</span>����λ�ã�����Ҫ�����ݴ�������ʱ���������Ƶ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是读操作并且其缓冲区在内存<span
+lang=EN-US>1MB</span>以上位置，则需要把数据从软盘临时缓冲区复制到请求</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ļ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>项的缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>251</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_interrupt</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -33782,20 +33782,20 @@ lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_interrupt</span></u>(void
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>252</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>ִ�еĽ����Ϣ��������ؽ���ֽ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>������״̬�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�д���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取<span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>执行的结果信息。如果返回结果字节数不等于<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>，或者状态字节<span lang=EN-US>0</span>、<span lang=EN-US>1</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>中存在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������־����ô����д��������ʾ������Ϣ���ͷŵ�ǰ����������������ǰ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>出错标志，那么若是写保护就显示出错信息，释放当前驱动器，并结束当前请求项。否则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ�г�������������Ȼ�����ִ���������������������״̬�ĺ���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>fdreg.h</span>�ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>就执行出错计数处理。然后继续执行软盘请求项操作。以下状态的含义参见<span
+lang=EN-US>fdreg.h</span>文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ( 0xf8 = ST0_INTR | ST0_SE |
 ST0_ECE | ST0_NR )</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ( 0xbf = ST1_EOC | ST1_CRC |
-ST1_OR | ST1_ND | ST1_WP | ST1_MAM</span>��Ӧ����<span lang=EN-US>0xb7)</span></p>
+ST1_OR | ST1_ND | ST1_WP | ST1_MAM</span>，应该是<span lang=EN-US>0xb7)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ( 0x73 = ST2_CM | ST2_CRC |
 ST2_WC | ST2_BC | ST2_MAM )</span></p>
@@ -33809,7 +33809,7 @@ style='color:blue'>ST2</span></u> &amp; 0x73)) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>254</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>ST1</span></u> &amp; 0x02) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 0x02 = ST1_WP - Write Protected</span>��</p>
+// 0x02 = ST1_WP - Write Protected</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>255</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -33844,17 +33844,17 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>262</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ������Ļ�����λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1MB</span>��ַ���ϣ���˵���˴����̶����������ݻ�������ʱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前请求项的缓冲区位于<span
+lang=EN-US>1MB</span>地址以上，则说明此次软盘读操作的内容还放在临时缓</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڣ���Ҫ���Ƶ���ǰ������Ļ������У���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>DMA</span>ֻ����<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>��ַ��ΧѰַ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>冲区内，需要复制到当前请求项的缓冲区中（因为<span
+lang=EN-US>DMA</span>只能在<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>地址范围寻址）。最后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͷŵ�ǰ������ȡ��ѡ������ִ�е�ǰ������������������ѵȴ���������Ľ��У�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>释放当前软驱（取消选定），执行当前请求项结束处理：唤醒等待该请求项的进行，唤醒</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ�����������Ľ��̣����еĻ������������豸������������ɾ����������ټ���ִ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待空闲请求项的进程（若有的话），从软驱设备请求项链表中删除本请求项。再继续执</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>行其他软盘请求项操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>263</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -33885,14 +33885,14 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>269</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>ͨ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�������̿������������Ͳ��������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽ����� <span
-lang=EN-US>+ 0~7</span>�ֽڲ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>设置<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>通道<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>并向软盘控制器输出命令和参数（输出<span lang=EN-US>1</span>字节命令 <span
+lang=EN-US>+ 0~7</span>字节参数）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>��־û����λ����ô�ڸú����˳��������̿�����ִ������Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д������ͻ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>标志没有置位，那么在该函数退出并且软盘控制器执行完相应读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写操作后就会</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һ�������ж����󣬲���ʼִ�������жϴ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>产生一个软盘中断请求，并开始执行软盘中断处理程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>270</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>setup_rw_floppy</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -33903,52 +33903,52 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>272</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>setup_DMA</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ������<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>ͨ����</p>
+// </span>初始化软盘<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>通道。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>273</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; do_floppy = <u><span
-style='color:blue'>rw_interrupt</span></u>;&nbsp; // </span>�������жϵ��ú���ָ�롣</p>
+style='color:blue'>rw_interrupt</span></u>;&nbsp; // </span>置软盘中断调用函数指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>274</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>command</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���������ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>发送命令字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>275</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>head</span></u>&lt;&lt;2
-| <u><span style='color:blue'>current_drive</span></u>);&nbsp; // </span>��������ͷ��<span
-lang=EN-US>+</span>�������š�</p>
+| <u><span style='color:blue'>current_drive</span></u>);&nbsp; // </span>参数：磁头号<span
+lang=EN-US>+</span>驱动器号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>276</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>track</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ŵ��š�</p>
+// </span>参数：磁道号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>277</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>head</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������ͷ�š�</p>
+// </span>参数：磁头号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>278</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>sector</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������ʼ�����š�</p>
+// </span>参数：起始扇区号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>279</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(2);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* sector size = 512 */</i></b> // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>(N=2)512</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+<b><i>/* sector size = 512 */</i></b> // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>(N=2)512</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>280</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>floppy</span></u>-&gt;sect);
-// </span>������ÿ�ŵ���������</p>
+// </span>参数：每磁道扇区数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>281</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>floppy</span></u>-&gt;gap);&nbsp;
-// </span>����������������ȡ�</p>
+// </span>参数：扇区间隔长度。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>282</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -33956,12 +33956,12 @@ style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(0xFF);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <
 sector size (0xff when n!=0 ?) */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>N=0</span>ʱ������������ֽڳ��ȣ��������á�</p>
+// </span>参数：当<span lang=EN-US>N=0</span>时，扇区定义的字节长度，这里无用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������κ�һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>output_byte()</span>����������������ø�λ��־<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>����ʱ��������ȥִ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若上述任何一个<span
+lang=EN-US>output_byte()</span>操作出错，则会设置复位标志<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>。此时即会立刻去执行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // do_fd_request()</span>�еĸ�λ�������롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // do_fd_request()</span>中的复位处理代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>283</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -33996,23 +33996,23 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ӳ�������ÿ�����̿�����Ѱ����������У�����ж��б����õġ�ע��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该子程序是在每次软盘控制器寻道（或重新校正）中断中被调用的。注意</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * &quot;unexpected
-interrupt&quot;(</span>�����ж�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>�ӳ���Ҳ��ִ������У�������������ڴ˵ء�</p>
+interrupt&quot;(</span>意外中断<span lang=EN-US>)</span>子程序也会执行重新校正操作，但不在此地。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;//// </span>Ѱ�������������жϹ����е��õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;//// </span>寻道处理结束后中断过程中调用的<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȷ��ͼ���ж�״̬������״̬��Ϣ<span
-lang=EN-US>ST0</span>�ʹ�ͷ���ڴŵ���Ϣ����������ִ�д���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先发送检测中断状态命令，获得状态信息<span
+lang=EN-US>ST0</span>和磁头所在磁道信息。若出错则执行错误</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������⴦����ȡ���������̲���������������״̬��Ϣ���õ�ǰ�ŵ�������Ȼ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>计数检测处理或取消本次软盘操作请求项。否则根据状态信息设置当前磁道变量，然后调</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú���<span lang=EN-US>setup_rw_floppy()</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>DMA</span>��������̶�д����Ͳ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用函数<span lang=EN-US>setup_rw_floppy()</span>设置<span
+lang=EN-US>DMA</span>并输出软盘读写命令和参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>292</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>seek_interrupt</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -34020,18 +34020,18 @@ lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>seek_interrupt</span></u>(vo
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>293</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȷ��ͼ���ж�״̬����Ի�ȡѰ������ִ�еĽ��������������������ؽ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先发送检测中断状态命令，以获取寻道操作执行的结果。该命令不带参数。返回结果信</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϣ�������ֽڣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ST0</span>�ʹ�ͷ��ǰ�ŵ��š�Ȼ���ȡ<span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>ִ�еĽ����Ϣ�� ������ؽ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>息是两个字节：<span
+lang=EN-US>ST0</span>和磁头当前磁道号。然后读取<span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>执行的结果信息。 如果返回结果字</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>ST0</span>��ΪѰ�����������ߴ�ͷ���ڴŵ���<span lang=EN-US>ST1</span>���������趨�ŵ�����˵</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>节数不等于<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，或者<span
+lang=EN-US>ST0</span>不为寻道结束，或者磁头所在磁道（<span lang=EN-US>ST1</span>）不等于设定磁道，则说</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������˴�������ִ�м��������������Ȼ�����ִ�������������ִ�и�λ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>明发生了错误。于是执行检测错误计数处理，然后继续执行软盘请求项或执行复位处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>294</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* sense drive status */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���������״̬<span
+lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* sense drive status */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>检测驱动器状态<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>295</span></u><span
@@ -34059,17 +34059,17 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>300</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ѱ�������ɹ��������ִ�е�ǰ����������̲������������̿�������������Ͳ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若寻道操作成功，则继续执行当前请求项的软盘操作，即向软盘控制器发送命令和参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>301</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current_track</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>ST1</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���õ�ǰ�ŵ���</p>
+// </span>设置当前磁道。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>302</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>setup_rw_floppy</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>��������̲�������Ͳ�����</p>
+// </span>设置<span lang=EN-US>DMA</span>并输出软盘操作命令和参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>303</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -34096,13 +34096,13 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ú������ڴ��������������Ϣ����ȷ���úú󱻵��õģ������������ѿ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该函数是在传输操作的所有信息都正确设置好后被调用的（即软驱马达已开启</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������ѡ������ȷ�����̣���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>并且已选择了正确的软盘（软驱）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��д���ݴ��亯����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>读写数据传输函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>310</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>transfer</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -34110,21 +34110,21 @@ lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>transfer</span></u>(void)</s
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>311</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ�鵱ǰ�����������Ƿ����ָ���������Ĳ����������Ǿͷ���������������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检查当前驱动器参数是否就是指定驱动器的参数。若不是就发送设置驱动器参数命令</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ӧ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����<span lang=EN-US>4</span>λ�������ʣ�����λ��ͷж��ʱ�䣻����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>����ͷ����ʱ�䣩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>及相应参数（参数<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>：高<span lang=EN-US>4</span>位步进速率，低四位磁头卸载时间；参数<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>：磁头加载时间）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���жϵ�ǰ���ݴ��������Ƿ���ָ����������һ�£������Ǿͷ���ָ������������ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后判断当前数据传输速率是否与指定驱动器的一致，若不是就发送指定软驱的速率值到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݴ������ʿ��ƼĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(FD_DCR)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数据传输速率控制寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>(FD_DCR)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>312</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>cur_spec1</span></u> != <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy</span></u>-&gt;spec1)
-{&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��⵱ǰ������</p>
+{&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>检测当前参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>313</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -34133,13 +34133,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>314</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>FD_SPECIFY</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ô��̲������</p>
+// </span>发送设置磁盘参数命令。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>315</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>cur_spec1</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/* hut etc */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>���Ͳ�����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/* hut etc */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>发送参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>316</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -34152,7 +34152,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>318</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>cur_rate</span></u> != <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy</span></u>-&gt;rate)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��⵱ǰ���ʡ�</p>
+// </span>检测当前速率。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>319</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -34160,14 +34160,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 = <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy</span></u>-&gt;rate,<u><span
 style='color:blue'>FD_DCR</span></u>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������κ�һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>output_byte()</span>����ִ�г�������λ��־<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>�ͻᱻ��λ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若上面任何一个<span
+lang=EN-US>output_byte()</span>操作执行出错，则复位标志<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>就会被置位。因此这里</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ҫ���һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>reset</span>��־����<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>��ı���λ�ˣ�������ȥִ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>我们需要检测一下<span
+lang=EN-US>reset</span>标志。若<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>真的被置位了，就立刻去执行<span
 lang=EN-US>do_fd_request()</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�еĸ�λ�������롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中的复位处理代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>320</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -34184,18 +34184,18 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>323</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʱѰ����־Ϊ�㣨������ҪѰ������������<span
-lang=EN-US>DMA</span>�������̿�����������Ӧ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果此时寻道标志为零（即不需要寻道），则设置<span
+lang=EN-US>DMA</span>并向软盘控制器发送相应操作命令</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ͳ����󷵻ء������ִ��Ѱ�����������������������жϴ������ú���ΪѰ���жϺ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和参数后返回。否则就执行寻道处理，于是首先置软盘中断处理调用函数为寻道中断函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʼ�ŵ��Ų����������ʹ�ͷѰ������Ͳ�������ʹ�õĲ������ǵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>112--121</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果起始磁道号不等于零则发送磁头寻道命令和参数。所使用的参数即是第<span
+lang=EN-US>112--121</span>行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����õ�ȫ�ֱ���ֵ�������ʼ�ŵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>seek_track</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ִ������У�������ô�ͷ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>上设置的全局变量值。如果起始磁道号<span
+lang=EN-US>seek_track</span>为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则执行重新校正命令让磁头归零</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>324</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!<u><span
@@ -34204,7 +34204,7 @@ style='color:blue'>seek</span></u>) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>325</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>setup_rw_floppy</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������������顣</p>
+// </span>发送命令参数块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>326</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -34216,28 +34216,28 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>328</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; do_floppy = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>seek_interrupt</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ѱ���жϵ��õ�<span lang=EN-US>C</span>������</p>
+// </span>寻道中断调用的<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>329</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>seek_track</span></u>) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ�ŵ��š�</p>
+// </span>起始磁道号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>330</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>FD_SEEK</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ʹ�ͷѰ�����</p>
+// </span>发送磁头寻道命令。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>331</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>head</span></u>&lt;&lt;2
-| <u><span style='color:blue'>current_drive</span></u>);// </span>���Ͳ�������ͷ��<span
-lang=EN-US>+</span>��ǰ�����š�</p>
+| <u><span style='color:blue'>current_drive</span></u>);// </span>发送参数：磁头号<span
+lang=EN-US>+</span>当前软驱号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>332</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>seek_track</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Ͳ������ŵ��š�</p>
+// </span>发送参数：磁道号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>333</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } else {</span></p>
@@ -34245,22 +34245,22 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } else {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>334</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>FD_RECALIBRATE</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������У�������ͷ���㣩��</p>
+// </span>发送重新校正命令（磁头归零）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>335</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>head</span></u>&lt;&lt;2
-| <u><span style='color:blue'>current_drive</span></u>);// </span>���Ͳ�������ͷ��<span
-lang=EN-US>+</span>��ǰ�����š�</p>
+| <u><span style='color:blue'>current_drive</span></u>);// </span>发送参数：磁头号<span
+lang=EN-US>+</span>当前软驱号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>336</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͬ���أ��������κ�һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>output_byte()</span>����ִ�г�������λ��־<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>�ͻᱻ��λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>同样地，若上面任何一个<span
+lang=EN-US>output_byte()</span>操作执行出错，则复位标志<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>就会被置位。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>��ı���λ�ˣ�������ȥִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>do_fd_request()</span>�еĸ�λ�������롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>真的被置位了，就立刻去执行<span
+lang=EN-US>do_fd_request()</span>中的复位处理代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>337</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -34288,16 +34288,16 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>���������жϣ���λ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>特殊情况<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>用于意外中断（或复位）处理后。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��������У���жϵ��ú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>软驱重新校正中断调用函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȷ��ͼ���ж�״̬����޲�������������ؽ���������������ø�λ��־����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先发送检测中断状态命令（无参数），如果返回结果表明出错，则置复位标志。否则重新</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>У����־���㡣Ȼ���ٴ�ִ���������������������Ӧ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>校正标志清零。然后再次执行软盘请求项处理函数作相应操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>344</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>recal_interrupt</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -34308,17 +34308,17 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>346</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>FD_SENSEI</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ͼ���ж�״̬���</p>
+// </span>发送检测中断状态命令。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>347</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>result</span></u>()!=2 || (<u><span style='color:blue'>ST0</span></u>
-&amp; 0xE0) == 0x60) // </span>������ؽ���ֽ���������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>������</p>
+&amp; 0xE0) == 0x60) // </span>如果返回结果字节数不等于<span lang=EN-US>2</span>或命令</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>348</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>reset</span></u> = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�쳣���������ø�λ��־��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>异常结束，则置复位标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>349</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; else</span></p>
@@ -34326,12 +34326,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; else</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>350</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>recalibrate</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����λ����У����־��</p>
+// </span>否则复位重新校正标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>351</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>do_fd_request</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ӧ������</p>
+// </span>作相应处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>352</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -34339,11 +34339,11 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>353</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���������ж����������������жϴ��������е��õĺ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>意外软盘中断请求引发的软盘中断处理程序中调用的函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȷ��ͼ���ж�״̬����޲�������������ؽ���������������ø�λ��־������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先发送检测中断状态命令（无参数），如果返回结果表明出错，则置复位标志，否则置重新</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>У����־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>校正标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>354</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>unexpected_floppy_interrupt</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -34354,17 +34354,17 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>356</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>FD_SENSEI</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ͼ���ж�״̬���</p>
+// </span>发送检测中断状态命令。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>357</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>result</span></u>()!=2 || (<u><span style='color:blue'>ST0</span></u>
-&amp; 0xE0) == 0x60) // </span>������ؽ���ֽ���������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>������</p>
+&amp; 0xE0) == 0x60) // </span>如果返回结果字节数不等于<span lang=EN-US>2</span>或命令</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>358</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>reset</span></u> = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�쳣���������ø�λ��־��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>异常结束，则置复位标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>359</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; else</span></p>
@@ -34372,7 +34372,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; else</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>360</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>recalibrate</span></u> = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����������У����־��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>否则置重新校正标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>361</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -34380,13 +34380,13 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>362</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��������У������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>软盘重新校正处理函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����̿�����<span
-lang=EN-US>FDC</span>��������У������Ͳ���������λ����У����־�������̿�����ִ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>向软盘控制器<span
+lang=EN-US>FDC</span>发送重新校正命令和参数，并复位重新校正标志。当软盘控制器执行完</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����У������ͻ����������������ж��е���<span
-lang=EN-US>recal_interrupt()</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>重新校正命令就会再其引发的软盘中断中调用<span
+lang=EN-US>recal_interrupt()</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>363</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>recalibrate_floppy</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -34397,37 +34397,37 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>365</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>recalibrate</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��λ����У����־��</p>
+// </span>复位重新校正标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>366</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current_track</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ�ŵ��Ź��㡣</p>
+// </span>当前磁道号归零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>367</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; do_floppy = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>recal_interrupt</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ָ������У���жϵ��õ�<span lang=EN-US>C</span>������</p>
+// </span>指向重新校正中断调用的<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>368</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>FD_RECALIBRATE</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������У����</p>
+// </span>命令：重新校正。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>369</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>head</span></u>&lt;&lt;2
-| <u><span style='color:blue'>current_drive</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ͷ��<span
-lang=EN-US> + </span>��ǰ�������š�</p>
+| <u><span style='color:blue'>current_drive</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：磁头号<span
+lang=EN-US> + </span>当前驱动器号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������κ�һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>output_byte()</span>����ִ�г�������λ��־<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>�ͻᱻ��λ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若上面任何一个<span
+lang=EN-US>output_byte()</span>操作执行出错，则复位标志<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>就会被置位。因此这里</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ҫ���һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>reset</span>��־����<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>��ı���λ�ˣ�������ȥִ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>我们需要检测一下<span
+lang=EN-US>reset</span>标志。若<span lang=EN-US>reset</span>真的被置位了，就立刻去执行<span
 lang=EN-US>do_fd_request()</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�еĸ�λ�������롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中的复位处理代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>370</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;if (<u><span
@@ -34443,20 +34443,20 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>373</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���̿�����<span
-lang=EN-US>FDC</span>��λ�жϵ��ú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>软盘控制器<span
+lang=EN-US>FDC</span>复位中断调用函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�������������������˸�λ��������������������жϴ��������б����á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数会在向控制器发送了复位操作命令后引发的软盘中断处理程序中被调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȷ��ͼ���ж�״̬����޲�������Ȼ��������صĽ���ֽڡ����ŷ����趨����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先发送检测中断状态命令（无参数），然后读出返回的结果字节。接着发送设定软驱</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������ز���������ٴε��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>do_fd_request() </span>ȥִ������У��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数命令和相关参数，最后再次调用请求项处理函数<span
+lang=EN-US>do_fd_request() </span>去执行重新校正</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������ִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>output_byte() </span>��������ʱ��λ��־�ֻᱻ��λ�����Ҳ�����ٴ�ȥ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>操作。但由于执行<span
+lang=EN-US>output_byte() </span>函数出错时复位标志又会被置位，因此也可能再次去</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�и�λ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行复位处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>374</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>reset_interrupt</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -34467,23 +34467,23 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>376</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>FD_SENSEI</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ͼ���ж�״̬���</p>
+// </span>发送检测中断状态命令。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>377</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (void) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>result</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ȡ����ִ�н���ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>读取命令执行结果字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>378</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>FD_SPECIFY</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����趨�����������</p>
+// </span>发送设定软驱参数命令。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>379</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>output_byte</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>cur_spec1</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/*
-hut etc */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>���Ͳ�����</p>
+hut etc */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>发送参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>380</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -34494,7 +34494,7 @@ Head load time =6ms, DMA */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>381</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>do_fd_request</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ִ����������</p>
+// </span>调用执行软盘请求。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>382</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -34512,25 +34512,25 @@ while.</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>386</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* FDC</span>��λ��ͨ������������Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(DOR)</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>һ���ʵ�ֵ�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* FDC</span>复位是通过将数字输出寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>(DOR)</span>位<span lang=EN-US>2</span>置<span lang=EN-US>0</span>一会儿实现的<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��λ���̿�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>复位软盘控制器。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú����������ò����ͱ�־���Ѹ�λ��־��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��Ȼ�����������<span lang=EN-US>cur_spec1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>cur_rate</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先设置参数和标志，把复位标志清<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，然后把软驱变量<span lang=EN-US>cur_spec1</span>和<span lang=EN-US>cur_rate</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ��Ч����Ϊ��λ��������������������Ҫ�������á�����������Ҫ����У����־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>置为无效。因为复位操作后，这两个参数就需要重新设置。接着设置需要重新校正标志，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>ִ�и�λ�����������������ж��е��õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>����<span lang=EN-US>reset_interrupt()</span>�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并设置<span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>执行复位操作后引发的软盘中断中调用的<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数<span lang=EN-US>reset_interrupt()</span>。最后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>DOR</span>�Ĵ���λ<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>һ����Զ�����ִ�и�λ��������ǰ��������Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>DOR</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>2</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把<span lang=EN-US>DOR</span>寄存器位<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>置<span lang=EN-US>0</span>一会儿以对软驱执行复位操作。当前数字输出寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>DOR</span>的位<span lang=EN-US>2</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>/</span>��λ����λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是启动<span lang=EN-US>/</span>复位软驱位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>387</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>reset_floppy</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -34547,12 +34547,12 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>391</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>reset</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��λ��־��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+// </span>复位标志置<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>392</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>cur_spec1</span></u> = -1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ʹ��Ч��</p>
+// </span>使无效。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>393</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -34561,33 +34561,33 @@ style='color:blue'>cur_rate</span></u> = -1;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>394</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>recalibrate</span></u> = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����У����־��λ��</p>
+// </span>重新校正标志置位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>395</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>printk</span></u>(<i>&quot;Reset-floppy called\n\r&quot;</i>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʾִ�����̸�λ������Ϣ��</p>
+// </span>显示执行软盘复位操作信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>396</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>cli</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���жϡ�</p>
+// </span>关中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>397</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; do_floppy = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>reset_interrupt</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������жϴ��������е��õĺ�����</p>
+// </span>设置在中断处理程序中调用的函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>398</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>current_DOR</span></u>
-&amp; ~0x04,<u><span style='color:blue'>FD_DOR</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����̿�����<span
-lang=EN-US>FDC</span>ִ�и�λ������</p>
+&amp; ~0x04,<u><span style='color:blue'>FD_DOR</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对软盘控制器<span
+lang=EN-US>FDC</span>执行复位操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>399</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0 ; i&lt;100
 ; i++)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ղ������ӳ١�</p>
+// </span>空操作，延迟。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>400</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -34597,12 +34597,12 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;nop&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>current_DOR</span></u>,<u><span
 style='color:blue'>FD_DOR</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���������̿�������</p>
+// </span>再启动软盘控制器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>402</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>sti</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���жϡ�</p>
+// </span>开中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>403</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -34610,21 +34610,21 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>404</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����������ʱ�жϵ��ú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>软驱启动定时中断调用函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ��һ��������Ҫ��Ĳ���֮ǰ��Ϊ�˵ȴ�ָ������������ת�������������Ĺ���ת�٣�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在执行一个请求项要求的操作之前，为了等待指定软驱马达旋转起来到达正常的工作转速，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // do_fd_request()</span>����Ϊ׼���õĵ�ǰ������������һ����ʱ��ʱ�������������Ǹö�ʱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // do_fd_request()</span>函数为准备好的当前请求项添加了一个延时定时器。本函数即是该定时器</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱ���õĺ����������ȼ����������Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(DOR)</span>��ʹ��ѡ��ǰָ������������Ȼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>到期时调用的函数。它首先检查数字输出寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>(DOR)</span>，使其选择当前指定的驱动器。然后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ִ�����̶�д���亯��<span
-lang=EN-US>transfer()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>调用执行软盘读写传输函数<span
+lang=EN-US>transfer()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>405</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy_on_interrupt</span></u>(void)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// floppy_on() interrupt</span>��</p>
+// floppy_on() interrupt</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>406</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
@@ -34633,24 +34633,24 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* We cannot do a floppy-select, as that might sleep. We just
 force it */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���ǲ�����������ѡ�����������Ϊ����ܻ��������˯�ߡ�����ֻ����ʹ���Լ�ѡ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>我们不能任意设置选择的软驱，因为这可能会引起进程睡眠。我们只是迫使它自己选择<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ������������������Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>DOR</span>�еĲ�ͬ������Ҫ��������<span lang=EN-US>DOR</span>Ϊ��ǰ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前驱动器号与数字输出寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>DOR</span>中的不同，则需要重新设置<span lang=EN-US>DOR</span>为当前驱动器。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������Ĵ��������ǰ<span
-lang=EN-US>DOR</span>�Ժ�ʹ�ö�ʱ���ӳ�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���δ�ʱ�䣬��������õ�ִ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在向数字输出寄存器输出当前<span
+lang=EN-US>DOR</span>以后，使用定时器延迟<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个滴答时间，以让命令得到执</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�С�Ȼ��������̶�д���亯��<span
-lang=EN-US>transfer()</span>������ǰ��������<span lang=EN-US>DOR</span>�е��������ô�Ϳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>行。然后调用软盘读写传输函数<span
+lang=EN-US>transfer()</span>。若当前驱动器与<span lang=EN-US>DOR</span>中的相符，那么就可以</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֱ�ӵ������̶�д���亯����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>直接调用软盘读写传输函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>408</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>selected</span></u> = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ѡ����ǰ��������־��</p>
+// </span>置已选定当前驱动器标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>409</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -34669,14 +34669,14 @@ style='color:blue'>current_drive</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>412</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>outb</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>current_DOR</span></u>,<u><span
-style='color:blue'>FD_DOR</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������Ĵ��������ǰ<span
-lang=EN-US>DOR</span>��</p>
+style='color:blue'>FD_DOR</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>向数字输出寄存器输出当前<span
+lang=EN-US>DOR</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>413</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>add_timer</span></u>(2,&amp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>transfer</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Ӷ�ʱ����ִ�д��亯����</p>
+// </span>添加定时器并执行传输函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>414</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } else</span></p>
@@ -34684,7 +34684,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } else</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>415</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>transfer</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ִ�����̶�д���亯����</p>
+// </span>执行软盘读写传输函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>416</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -34692,13 +34692,13 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>417</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���̶�д�������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>软盘读写请求项处理函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�����������������������Ҫ�ĺ�������Ҫ�����ǣ��ٴ����и�λ��־������У����־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数是软盘驱动程序中最主要的函数。主要作用是：①处理有复位标志或重新校正标志置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ������������������е��豸�ż���ȡ��������ָ�������Ĳ����飻�������ںӶ�ʱ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位情况；②利用请求项中的设备号计算取得请求项指定软驱的参数块；③利用内河定时器启</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����̶�<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>动软盘读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>418</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>do_fd_request</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -34712,21 +34712,21 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned int block;<
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>421</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ���Ƿ��и�λ��־������У����־��λ�������򱾺�����ִ����ر�־�Ĵ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检查是否有复位标志或重新校正标志置位，若有则本函数仅执行相关标志的处理功能</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ͷ��ء������λ��־����λ����ִ�����̸�λ���������ء��������У����־����λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>后就返回。如果复位标志已置位，则执行软盘复位操作并返回。如果重新校正标志已置位，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ����������У�����������ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则执行软盘重新校正操作并返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>422</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>seek</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��Ѱ����־��</p>
+// </span>清寻道标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>423</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>reset</span></u>) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��λ��־����λ��</p>
+// </span>复位标志已置位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>424</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -34742,7 +34742,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>427</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>recalibrate</span></u>) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����У����־����λ��</p>
+// </span>重新校正标志已置位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>428</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -34755,18 +34755,18 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>430</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������ܴ����￪ʼ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>�ļ��е�<span lang=EN-US>INIT_REQUEST</span>��������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>本函数的真正功能从这里开始。首先利用<span
+lang=EN-US>blk.h</span>文件中的<span lang=EN-US>INIT_REQUEST</span>宏来检测请求项的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ϸ��ԣ������û�����������˳����μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>blk.h,127</span>����Ȼ�������������е��豸��ȡ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>合法性，如果已没有请求项则退出（参见<span
+lang=EN-US>blk.h,127</span>）。然后利用请求项中的设备号取得请</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ�������Ĳ����顣��������齫�����������������̲���ʹ�õ�ȫ�ֱ��������飨��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>求项指定软驱的参数块。这个参数块将在下面用于设置软盘操作使用的全局变量参数块（参</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>112
-- 122</span>�У����������豸���е��������� <span lang=EN-US>(MINOR(CURRENT-&gt;dev)&gt;&gt;2) </span>������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>见<span lang=EN-US>112
+- 122</span>行）。请求项设备号中的软盘类型 <span lang=EN-US>(MINOR(CURRENT-&gt;dev)&gt;&gt;2) </span>被用作磁盘类</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>floppy_type[]</span>������ֵ��ȡ��ָ�������Ĳ����顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>型数组<span lang=EN-US>floppy_type[]</span>的索引值来取得指定软驱的参数块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>431</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -34780,18 +34780,18 @@ style='color:blue'>floppy_type</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���濪ʼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>112--122</span>���ϵ�ȫ�ֱ���ֵ�������ǰ��������<span lang=EN-US>current_drive</span>����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面开始设置<span
+lang=EN-US>112--122</span>行上的全局变量值。如果当前驱动器号<span lang=EN-US>current_drive</span>不是请求项</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ�����������ţ����ñ�־<span
-lang=EN-US>seek</span>����ʾ��ִ�ж�<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д����֮ǰ��Ҫ����������ִ��Ѱ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中指定的驱动器号，则置标志<span
+lang=EN-US>seek</span>，表示在执行读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写操作之前需要先让驱动器执行寻道处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ȼ��ѵ�ǰ������������Ϊ��������ָ�����������š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>理。然后把当前驱动器号设置为请求项中指定的驱动器号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>433</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>current_drive</span></u> != <u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT_DEV</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// CURRENT_DEV</span>����������ָ���������š�</p>
+// CURRENT_DEV</span>是请求项中指定的软驱号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>434</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -34803,29 +34803,29 @@ style='color:blue'>current_drive</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>CURREN
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ö�д��ʼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>����Ϊÿ�ζ�д���Կ�Ϊ��λ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>����������������ʼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置读写起始扇区<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>。因为每次读写是以块为单位（<span lang=EN-US>1</span>块为<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个扇区），所以起始扇区</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ҫ����ȴ�����������С<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>������������˵����������������Ч�������ô�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>需要起码比磁盘总扇区数小<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个扇区。否则说明这个请求项参数无效，结束该次软盘请求项</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȥִ����һ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>去执行下一个请求项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>436</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; block = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>sector</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��ǰ��������������ʼ�����š�</p>
+// </span>取当前软盘请求项中起始扇区号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>437</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (block+2 &gt; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>floppy</span></u>-&gt;size) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���<span lang=EN-US>block + 2</span>���ڴ�������������</p>
+// </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>block + 2</span>大于磁盘扇区总数，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>438</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>end_request</span></u>(0);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������������������</p>
+// </span>则结束本次软盘请求项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>439</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -34834,39 +34834,39 @@ goto repeat;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>440</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ӧ�ڴŵ��ϵ������š���ͷ�š��ŵ��š���Ѱ�ŵ��ţ�������������ͬ��ʽ���̣���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再求对应在磁道上的扇区号、磁头号、磁道号、搜寻磁道号（对于软驱读不同格式的盘）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>441</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>sector</span></u> = block % <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy</span></u>-&gt;sect;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ������ÿ�ŵ�������ȡģ���ôŵ��������š�</p>
+// </span>起始扇区对每磁道扇区数取模，得磁道上扇区号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>442</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; block /= <u><span
 style='color:blue'>floppy</span></u>-&gt;sect;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ������ÿ�ŵ�������ȡ��������ʼ�ŵ�����</p>
+// </span>起始扇区对每磁道扇区数取整，得起始磁道数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>443</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>head</span></u> = block % <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy</span></u>-&gt;<u><span
-style='color:blue'>head</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ�ŵ����Դ�ͷ��ȡģ���ò����Ĵ�ͷ�š�</p>
+style='color:blue'>head</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>起始磁道数对磁头数取模，得操作的磁头号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>444</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>track</span></u> = block / <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy</span></u>-&gt;<u><span
-style='color:blue'>head</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ�ŵ����Դ�ͷ��ȡ�����ò����Ĵŵ��š�</p>
+style='color:blue'>head</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>起始磁道数对磁头数取整，得操作的磁道号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>445</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>seek_track</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>track</span></u>
-&lt;&lt; <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy</span></u>-&gt;stretch; // </span>��Ӧ�������������ͽ��е�������Ѱ���š�</p>
+&lt;&lt; <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy</span></u>-&gt;stretch; // </span>相应于软驱中盘类型进行调整，得寻道号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ٿ����Ƿ���Ҫ����ִ��Ѱ�����������Ѱ�����뵱ǰ��ͷ���ڴŵ��Ų�ͬ������Ҫ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再看看是否还需要首先执行寻道操作。如果寻道号与当前磁头所在磁道号不同，则需要进行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ѱ����������������ҪѰ����־<span
-lang=EN-US>seek</span>�������������ִ�е���������<span lang=EN-US>command</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>寻道操作，于是置需要寻道标志<span
+lang=EN-US>seek</span>。最后我们设置执行的软盘命令<span lang=EN-US>command</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>446</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -34879,12 +34879,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>448</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>sector</span></u>++;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʵ�����������Ǵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+// </span>磁盘上实际扇区计数是从<span lang=EN-US>1</span>算起。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>449</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;cmd == <u><span style='color:blue'>READ</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����������Ƕ����������ö������롣</p>
+// </span>如果请求项是读操作，则置读命令码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>450</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -34893,7 +34893,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>451</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;else if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>CURRENT</span></u>-&gt;cmd == <u><span style='color:blue'>WRITE</span></u>)&nbsp;
-// </span>�����������д����������д�����롣</p>
+// </span>如果请求项是写操作，则置写命令码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>452</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -34907,16 +34907,16 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;do_fd_request: unknown
 command&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ú�<span
-lang=EN-US> 112--122</span>��������ȫ�ֱ���ֵ֮�����ǿ��Կ�ʼִ������������ˡ��ò�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在上面设置好<span
+lang=EN-US> 112--122</span>行上所有全局变量值之后，我们可以开始执行请求项操作了。该操</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ö�ʱ������������ΪΪ���ܶ��������ж�д��������Ҫ�����������������ﲢ�ﵽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>作利用定时器来启动。因为为了能对软驱进行读写操作，需要首先启动驱动器马达并达到正</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ת�ٶȡ�������Ҫһ����ʱ�䡣�����������
-<span lang=EN-US>ticks_to_floppy_on() </span>������������ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>常运转速度。而这需要一定的时间。因此这里利用
+<span lang=EN-US>ticks_to_floppy_on() </span>来计算启动延时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʱ�䣬Ȼ��ʹ�ø���ʱ�趨һ����ʱ������ʱ�䵽ʱ�͵��ú���<span
-lang=EN-US>floppy_on_interrupt()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>时间，然后使用该延时设定一个定时器。当时间到时就调用函数<span
+lang=EN-US>floppy_on_interrupt()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>455</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -34929,7 +34929,7 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>457</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������̺��е����ݿ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>各种类型软驱磁盘含有的数据块总数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>458</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy_sizes</span></u>[] ={</span></p>
@@ -34971,18 +34971,18 @@ lang=EN-US> };</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>468</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����ϵͳ��ʼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>软盘系统初始化。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������̿��豸������Ĵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>do_fd_request()</span>�������������ж��ţ�<span lang=EN-US>int 0x26</span>����Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置软盘块设备请求项的处理函数<span
+lang=EN-US>do_fd_request()</span>，并设置软盘中断门（<span lang=EN-US>int 0x26</span>，对应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ӳ���ж������ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>IRQ6</span>���� Ȼ��ȡ���Ը��ж��źŵ����Σ����������̿�����<span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>硬件中断请求信号<span
+lang=EN-US>IRQ6</span>）。 然后取消对该中断信号的屏蔽，以允许软盘控制器<span lang=EN-US>FDC</span>发送中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������źš��ж���������<span
-lang=EN-US>IDT</span>�����������������ú�<span lang=EN-US>set_trap_gate()</span>������ͷ�ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>断请求信号。中断描述符表<span
+lang=EN-US>IDT</span>中陷阱门描述符设置宏<span lang=EN-US>set_trap_gate()</span>定义在头文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // include/asm/system.h</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // include/asm/system.h</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>469</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy_init</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -34990,13 +34990,13 @@ lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy_init</span></u>(void)</span>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>470</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ж�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>floppy_interrupt</span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>267</span>�У������жϴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置软盘中断门描述符。<span
+lang=EN-US>floppy_interrupt</span>（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sys_call.s</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>267</span>行）是其中断处理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̡��жϺ�Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>int 0x26</span>��<span lang=EN-US>38</span>������Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>оƬ�ж������ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>IRQ6</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>过程。中断号为<span
+lang=EN-US>int 0x26</span>（<span lang=EN-US>38</span>），对应<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>芯片中断请求信号<span
+lang=EN-US>IRQ6</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>471</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -35006,19 +35006,19 @@ style='color:blue'>blk_size</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR_NR</spa
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>472</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>blk_dev</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR_NR</span></u>].request_fn
-= <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_REQUEST</span></u>;&nbsp; // = do_fd_request()</span>��</p>
+= <u><span style='color:blue'>DEVICE_REQUEST</span></u>;&nbsp; // = do_fd_request()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>473</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>set_trap_gate</span></u>(0x26,&amp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>floppy_interrupt</span></u>);&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>������������������</p>
+</span>设置陷阱门描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>474</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>inb_p</span></u>(0x21)&amp;~0x40,0x21);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��λ�����ж���������λ��</p>
+</span>复位软盘中断请求屏蔽位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>475</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -35040,12 +35040,12 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<h1><a name="_Toc493447992"></a><a name="_Toc493447396"><span lang=EN-US>��10�� </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ַ��豸����</span></a></h1>
+<h1><a name="_Toc493447992"></a><a name="_Toc493447396"><span lang=EN-US>第10章 </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字符设备程序</span></a></h1>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447993"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447397"></a><a name="_Toc53320628"><span lang=EN-US>10.1 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>10-1 linux/kernel/chr_drv/keyboard.S</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>10-1 linux/kernel/chr_drv/keyboard.S</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -35087,14 +35087,14 @@ Marc Corsini for the French keyboard</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>��л<span
-lang=EN-US>Alfred Leung</span>������<span lang=EN-US>US</span>���̲�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>感谢<span
+lang=EN-US>Alfred Leung</span>添加了<span lang=EN-US>US</span>键盘补丁程序；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wolfgang
-Thiel</span>�����˵�����̲�������</p>
+Thiel</span>添加了德语键盘补丁程序；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Marc
-Corsini</span>�����˷��ļ��̲�������</p>
+Corsini</span>添加了法文键盘补丁程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -35117,18 +35117,18 @@ KBD_FINNISH for Finnish keyboards</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * KBD_FINNISH </span>�Ƿ������̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * KBD_FINNISH </span>是芬兰键盘。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * KBD_US </span>����ʽ���̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * KBD_US </span>是美式键盘。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * KBD_GR </span>�ǵ�ʽ���̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * KBD_GR </span>是德式键盘。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * KBD_FR </span>�Ƿ�ʽ���̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * KBD_FR </span>是法式键盘。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
-#define KBD_FINNISH&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʹ�õļ������͡����ں���ѡ����õ��ַ�ӳ�������</p>
+#define KBD_FINNISH&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义使用的键盘类型。用于后面选择采用的字符映射码表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -35136,7 +35136,7 @@ KBD_FINNISH for Finnish keyboards</span></p>
 .text</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
-.globl _keyboard_interrupt&nbsp; // </span>����Ϊȫ�ֱ����������ڳ�ʼ��ʱ���ü����ж���������</p>
+.globl _keyboard_interrupt&nbsp; // </span>申明为全局变量，用于在初始化时设置键盘中断描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -35150,14 +35150,14 @@ KBD_FINNISH for Finnish keyboards</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������Щ���ڶ����̲�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>以下这些用于读键盘操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // size</span>�Ǽ��̻�������������У����ȣ��ֽ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // size</span>是键盘缓冲区（缓冲队列）长度（字节数）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ֵ������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�Ĵη���������<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>�е�ֵƥ��<span lang=EN-US>!!!! */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>值必须是<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的次方！并且与<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>中的值匹配<span lang=EN-US>!!!! */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 size&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
@@ -35170,101 +35170,101 @@ in tty_io.c !!!! */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ǽ��̻���������ݽṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_queue</span>�е�ƫ������<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/tty.h</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>16</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下是键盘缓冲队列数据结构<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_queue</span>中的偏移量（<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/tty.h</span>，第<span
+lang=EN-US>16</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 head = 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ͷָ���ֶ���<span lang=EN-US>tty_queue</span>�ṹ�е�ƫ�ơ�</p>
+// </span>缓冲区头指针字段在<span lang=EN-US>tty_queue</span>结构中的偏移。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 tail = 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������βָ���ֶ�ƫ�ơ�</p>
+// </span>缓冲区尾指针字段偏移。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
-proc_list = 12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ��û�����еĽ����ֶ�ƫ�ơ�</p>
+proc_list = 12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待该缓冲队列的进程字段偏移。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u> buf
 = 16&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ֶ�ƫ�ơ�</p>
+// </span>缓冲区字段偏移。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڱ�������ʹ����<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>����־�ֽڡ�<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>�Ǽ����������<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>alt</span>��<span lang=EN-US>caps</span>���İ���״̬��־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在本程序中使用了<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>个标志字节。<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>是键盘特殊键（<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>alt</span>或<span lang=EN-US>caps</span>）的按下状态标志；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // leds </span>�����ڱ�ʾ����ָʾ�Ƶ�״̬��־�� <span
-lang=EN-US>e0</span>�ǵ��յ�ɨ���� <span lang=EN-US>0xe0 </span>�� <span lang=EN-US>0xe1
-</span>ʱ���õı�־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // leds </span>是用于表示键盘指示灯的状态标志。 <span
+lang=EN-US>e0</span>是当收到扫描码 <span lang=EN-US>0xe0 </span>或 <span lang=EN-US>0xe1
+</span>时设置的标志。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ÿ���ֽڱ�־�и�λ�ĺ��������˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>每个字节标志中各位的含义见如下说明：</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // (1) mode</span>�Ǽ���������İ���״̬��־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // (1) mode</span>是键盘特殊键的按下状态标志。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ��Сдת����<span
-lang=EN-US>(caps)</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>(alt)</span>�����Ƽ�<span lang=EN-US>(ctrl)</span>�ͻ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>(shift)</span>��״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>表示大小写转换键<span
+lang=EN-US>(caps)</span>、交换键<span lang=EN-US>(alt)</span>、控制键<span lang=EN-US>(ctrl)</span>和换档键<span
+lang=EN-US>(shift)</span>的状态。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>7 caps</span>�����£�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>7 caps</span>键按下；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>6 caps</span>����״̬��Ӧ����<span lang=EN-US>leds</span>�ж�Ӧ<span
-lang=EN-US>caps</span>�ı�־λһ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>6 caps</span>键的状态（应该与<span lang=EN-US>leds</span>中对应<span
+lang=EN-US>caps</span>的标志位一样）；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>5 </span>��<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>�����£�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>5 </span>右<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>键按下；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>4 </span>��<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>�����£�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>4 </span>左<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>键按下；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>3 </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>�����£�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>3 </span>右<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>键按下；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>2 </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>�����£�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>2 </span>左<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>键按下；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>1 </span>��<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>�����£�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>1 </span>右<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>键按下；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>0 </span>��<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>�����¡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>0 </span>左<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>键按下。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // (2) leds</span>�����ڱ�ʾ����ָʾ�Ƶ�״̬��־������ʾ������������<span
-lang=EN-US>num-lock</span>������Сдת��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // (2) leds</span>是用于表示键盘指示灯的状态标志。即表示数字锁定键（<span
+lang=EN-US>num-lock</span>）、大小写转换</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>caps-lock</span>���͹�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>scroll-lock</span>����<span lang=EN-US>LED</span>�����״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>键（<span lang=EN-US>caps-lock</span>）和滚动锁定键（<span
+lang=EN-US>scroll-lock</span>）的<span lang=EN-US>LED</span>发光管状态。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>7-3 </span>ȫ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���ã�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>7-3 </span>全<span lang=EN-US>0</span>不用；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>2 caps-lock</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>2 caps-lock</span>；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>1 num-lock</span>����ʼ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ҳ����������������<span
-lang=EN-US>(num-lock)</span>�����Ϊ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>1 num-lock</span>（初始置<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，也即设置数字锁定键<span
+lang=EN-US>(num-lock)</span>发光管为亮）；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>0 scroll-lock</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>0 scroll-lock</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // (3) </span>��ɨ������<span
-lang=EN-US>0xe0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0xe1</span>ʱ���øñ�־����ʾ��󻹸�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���ַ�ɨ���롣ͨ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // (3) </span>当扫描码是<span
+lang=EN-US>0xe0</span>或<span lang=EN-US>0xe1</span>时，置该标志。表示其后还跟随着<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个或<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个字符扫描码。通</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����յ�ɨ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0xe0</span>����ζ�Ż���һ���ַ�����������յ�ɨ����<span lang=EN-US>0xe1</span>���ʾ���滹��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>常若收到扫描码<span
+lang=EN-US>0xe0</span>则意味着还有一个字符跟随其后；若收到扫描码<span lang=EN-US>0xe1</span>则表示后面还跟</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���ַ����μ������б���˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>随着<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个字符。参见程序列表后说明。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>1 =1 </span>�յ�<span lang=EN-US>0xe1</span>��־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>1 =1 </span>收到<span lang=EN-US>0xe1</span>标志；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>0 =1 </span>�յ�<span lang=EN-US>0xe0</span>��־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>0 =1 </span>收到<span lang=EN-US>0xe0</span>标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 mode:&nbsp;&nbsp; .byte 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*
@@ -35295,43 +35295,43 @@ e0:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .byte 0</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * con_int</span>��ʵ�ʵ��жϴ����ӳ������ڶ�����ɨ���벢����ת��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * con_int</span>是实际的中断处理子程序，用于读键盘扫描码并将其转换</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ascii</span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>[ </span>ע�����Ӣ��ע���ѹ�ʱ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>成相应的<span
+lang=EN-US>ascii</span>字符。<span lang=EN-US>[ </span>注：这段英文注释已过时。<span
 lang=EN-US>]</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����жϴ���������ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>键盘中断处理程序入口点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����̿��������յ��û���һ����������ʱ���ͻ����жϿ���������һ�������ж������ź�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当键盘控制器接收到用户的一个按键操作时，就会向中断控制器发出一个键盘中断请求信号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // IRQ1</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>��Ӧ������ʱ�ͻ�ִ�м����жϴ������򡣸��жϴ��������Ӽ��̿�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // IRQ1</span>。当<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>响应该请求时就会执行键盘中断处理程序。该中断处理程序会从键盘控制器相</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ӧ�˿ڣ�<span lang=EN-US>0x60</span>�����밴��ɨ���룬�����ö�Ӧ��ɨ�����ӳ�����д�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>应端口（<span lang=EN-US>0x60</span>）读入按键扫描码，并调用对应的扫描码子程序进行处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȴӶ˿�<span lang=EN-US>0x60</span>��ȡ��ǰ������ɨ���롣Ȼ���жϸ�ɨ�����Ƿ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0xe0 </span>�� <span lang=EN-US>0xe1</span>�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先从端口<span lang=EN-US>0x60</span>读取当前按键的扫描码。然后判断该扫描码是否是<span
+lang=EN-US>0xe0 </span>或 <span lang=EN-US>0xe1</span>，如果是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ļ������̶Լ��̿���������Ӧ�𣬲����жϿ����������жϽ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>EOI</span>���źţ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的话就立刻对键盘控制器作出应答，并向中断控制器发送中断结束（<span
+lang=EN-US>EOI</span>）信号，以允许键</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�̿������ܼ��������ж��źţ��Ӷ������������պ������ַ���
-������յ���ɨ���벻��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>盘控制器能继续产生中断信号，从而让我们来接收后续的字符。
+如果接收到的扫描码不是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ɨ���룬���Ǿ͸���ɨ����ֵ���ð�����ת��<span
-lang=EN-US> key_table </span>����Ӧ���������ӳ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这两个特殊扫描码，我们就根据扫描码值调用按键跳转表<span
+lang=EN-US> key_table </span>中相应按键处理子程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�򣬰�ɨ�����Ӧ���ַ�������ַ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>read_q</span>�С�Ȼ���ڶԼ��̿���������Ӧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>序，把扫描码对应的字符放入读字符缓冲队列<span
+lang=EN-US>read_q</span>中。然后，在对键盘控制器作出应答</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>EOI</span>�ź�֮�󣬵��ú���<span
-lang=EN-US>do_tty_interrupt()</span>��ʵ�����ǵ��� <span lang=EN-US>copy_to_cooked()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并发送<span lang=EN-US>EOI</span>信号之后，调用函数<span
+lang=EN-US>do_tty_interrupt()</span>（实际上是调用 <span lang=EN-US>copy_to_cooked()</span>）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>read_q</span>�е��ַ�����������ŵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>secondary</span>���������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把<span lang=EN-US>read_q</span>中的字符经过处理后放到<span
+lang=EN-US>secondary</span>辅助队列中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 _keyboard_interrupt:</span></p>
@@ -35355,8 +35355,8 @@ push %ds</span></p>
 push %es</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-movl $0x10,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>ds</span>��<span lang=EN-US>es</span>�μĴ�����Ϊ�ں����ݶΡ�</p>
+movl $0x10,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将<span
+lang=EN-US>ds</span>、<span lang=EN-US>es</span>段寄存器置为内核数据段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov %ax,%ds</span></p>
@@ -35368,66 +35368,66 @@ mov %ax,%es</span></p>
 movl _blankinterval,%eax</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-movl %eax,_blankcount&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>Ԥ�ú���ʱ�����ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>blankinterval</span>���δ�������</p>
+movl %eax,_blankcount&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>预置黑屏时间计数值为<span lang=EN-US>blankinterval</span>（滴答数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 xorl %eax,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* %eax is
-scan code */&nbsp; &nbsp;/* eax</span>����ɨ����<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+scan code */&nbsp; &nbsp;/* eax</span>中是扫描码<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;inb $0x60,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ȡɨ����<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>al</span>��</p>
+// </span>读取扫描码<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US>al</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-cmpb $0xe0,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɨ������<span
-lang=EN-US>0xe0</span>����������ת������<span lang=EN-US>e0</span>��־���봦��</p>
+cmpb $0xe0,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扫描码是<span
+lang=EN-US>0xe0</span>吗？若是则跳转到设置<span lang=EN-US>e0</span>标志代码处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 je set_e0</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-cmpb $0xe1,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɨ������<span
-lang=EN-US>0xe1</span>����������ת������<span lang=EN-US>e1</span>��־���봦��</p>
+cmpb $0xe1,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扫描码是<span
+lang=EN-US>0xe1</span>吗？若是则跳转到设置<span lang=EN-US>e1</span>标志代码处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 je set_e1</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-call key_table(,%eax,4) // </span>���ü���������<span lang=EN-US> key_table + eax*4</span>���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>502</span>�У���</p>
+call key_table(,%eax,4) // </span>调用键处理程序<span lang=EN-US> key_table + eax*4</span>（参见<span
+lang=EN-US>502</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 movb $0,e0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����֮��λ<span lang=EN-US>e0</span>��־��</p>
+// </span>返回之后复位<span lang=EN-US>e0</span>标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������δ��루<span
-lang=EN-US>55-65</span>�У����ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>8255A</span>��<span lang=EN-US>PC</span>��׼���̵�·����Ӳ����λ�������˿�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面这段代码（<span
+lang=EN-US>55-65</span>行）针对使用<span lang=EN-US>8255A</span>的<span lang=EN-US>PC</span>标准键盘电路进行硬件复位处理。端口<span
 lang=EN-US>0x61</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>8255A
-</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>B </span>�ĵ�ַ��������˿ڵĵ�<span lang=EN-US>7</span>λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>PB7</span>�����ڽ�ֹ�������Լ������ݵĴ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是<span lang=EN-US>8255A
+</span>输出口<span lang=EN-US>B </span>的地址，该输出端口的第<span lang=EN-US>7</span>位（<span
+lang=EN-US>PB7</span>）用于禁止和允许对键盘数据的处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��γ������ڶ��յ���ɨ��������Ӧ�𡣷��������Ƚ�ֹ���̣�Ȼ�����������������̹�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这段程序用于对收到的扫描码做出应答。方法是首先禁止键盘，然后立刻重新允许键盘工作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>
 e0_e1:&nbsp; inb $0x61,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>PPI</span>�˿�<span lang=EN-US>B</span>״̬����λ<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>/</span>��ֹ��<span lang=EN-US>0/1</span>�����̡�</p>
+// </span>取<span lang=EN-US>PPI</span>端口<span lang=EN-US>B</span>状态，其位<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>用于允许<span lang=EN-US>/</span>禁止（<span lang=EN-US>0/1</span>）键盘。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmp 1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ӳ�һ�ᡣ</p>
+// </span>延迟一会。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>
 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp 1f</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>
 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; orb $0x80,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// al</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>7</span>��λ����ֹ���̹�������</p>
+// al</span>位<span lang=EN-US>7</span>置位（禁止键盘工作）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmp 1f</span></p>
@@ -35437,7 +35437,7 @@ jmp 1f</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>
 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; outb %al,$0x61&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ʹ<span lang=EN-US>PPI PB7</span>λ��λ��</p>
+// </span>使<span lang=EN-US>PPI PB7</span>位置位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmp 1f</span></p>
@@ -35447,29 +35447,29 @@ jmp 1f</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>
 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; andb $0x7F,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// al</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>7</span>��λ��</p>
+// al</span>位<span lang=EN-US>7</span>复位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-outb %al,$0x61&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʹ<span
-lang=EN-US>PPI PB7</span>λ��λ���������̹�������</p>
+outb %al,$0x61&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>使<span
+lang=EN-US>PPI PB7</span>位复位（允许键盘工作）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-movb $0x20,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>8259</span>�ж�оƬ����<span lang=EN-US>EOI(</span>�жϽ���<span lang=EN-US>)</span>�źš�</p>
+movb $0x20,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>向<span
+lang=EN-US>8259</span>中断芯片发送<span lang=EN-US>EOI(</span>中断结束<span lang=EN-US>)</span>信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 outb %al,$0x20</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pushl $0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����̨<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>��<span lang=EN-US>=0</span>����Ϊ������ջ��</p>
+// </span>控制台<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>号<span lang=EN-US>=0</span>，作为参数入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-call _do_tty_interrupt&nbsp; // </span>���յ�����ת���ɹ淶ģʽ������ڹ淶�ַ���������С�</p>
+call _do_tty_interrupt&nbsp; // </span>将收到数据转换成规范模式并存放在规范字符缓冲队列中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 addl $4,%esp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ջ�Ĳ��������������ļĴ��������жϷ��ء�</p>
+// </span>丢弃入栈的参数，弹出保留的寄存器，并中断返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pop %es</span></p>
@@ -35494,16 +35494,16 @@ iret</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>
 set_e0: movb $1,e0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�յ�ɨ��ǰ����<span lang=EN-US>0xe0</span>ʱ������<span lang=EN-US>e0</span>��־��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+// </span>收到扫描前导码<span lang=EN-US>0xe0</span>时，设置<span lang=EN-US>e0</span>标志（位<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmp e0_e1</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>
 set_e1: movb $2,e0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�յ�ɨ��ǰ����<span lang=EN-US>0xe1</span>ʱ������<span lang=EN-US>e1</span>��־��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+// </span>收到扫描前导码<span lang=EN-US>0xe1</span>时，设置<span lang=EN-US>e1</span>标志（位<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmp e0_e1</span></p>
@@ -35526,39 +35526,39 @@ jmp e0_e1</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������ӳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>ebx:eax</span>�е����<span lang=EN-US>8</span>���ַ����뻺������С���<span
-lang=EN-US>ebx</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面该子程序把<span
+lang=EN-US>ebx:eax</span>中的最多<span lang=EN-US>8</span>个字符添入缓冲队列中。（<span
+lang=EN-US>ebx</span>是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���֣���д���ַ���˳����<span
-lang=EN-US>al,ah,eal,eah,bl,bh...</span>ֱ��<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>高字）所写入字符的顺序是<span
+lang=EN-US>al,ah,eal,eah,bl,bh...</span>直到<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȴӻ�����е�ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>table_list</span>��<span lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>99</span>�У�ȡ����̨�Ķ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>read_q</span>��ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先从缓冲队列地址表<span
+lang=EN-US>table_list</span>（<span lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>99</span>行）取控制台的读缓冲队列<span
+lang=EN-US>read_q</span>地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���<span lang=EN-US>al</span>�Ĵ����е��ַ����Ƶ�������ͷָ�봦����ͷָ��ǰ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽ�λ�á���ͷָ���Ƴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后把<span lang=EN-US>al</span>寄存器中的字符复制到读队列头指针处并把头指针前移<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>字节位置。若头指针移出</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ĩ�ˣ���������Ƶ���������ʼ���� Ȼ���ٿ�����ʱ��������Ƿ����������Ƚ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读缓冲区的末端，就让其回绕到缓冲区开始处。 然后再看看此时缓冲队列是否已满，即比较</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ�¶���ͷָ���Ƿ���βָ����ȣ���ȱ�ʾ������
-����������Ͱ�<span lang=EN-US>ebx:eax</span>�п��ܻ��е�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一下队列头指针是否与尾指针相等（相等表示满）。
+如果已满，就把<span lang=EN-US>ebx:eax</span>中可能还有的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ�ȫ���������������������δ�����Ͱ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ebx:eax</span>��������������<span lang=EN-US>8</span>�����أ�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其余字符全部抛弃掉。如果缓冲区还未满，就把<span
+lang=EN-US>ebx:eax</span>中数据联合右移<span lang=EN-US>8</span>个比特（即把<span
 lang=EN-US>ah</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֵ�Ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>al</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>bl</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>ah</span>��<span lang=EN-US>bh</span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>bl</span>����Ȼ���ظ������<span
-lang=EN-US>al</span>�Ĵ������̡�ֱ�������ַ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>值移到<span lang=EN-US>al</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>bl</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>à</span><span
+lang=EN-US>ah</span>、<span lang=EN-US>bh</span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>à</span><span lang=EN-US>bl</span>），然后重复上面对<span
+lang=EN-US>al</span>的处理过程。直到所有字符都处理完后，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͱ��浱ǰͷָ��ֵ���ټ��һ���Ƿ��н��̵ȴ��Ŷ����У�����оȻ���֮��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>就保存当前头指针值，再检查一下是否有进程等待着读队列，如果有救唤醒之。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u>
 put_queue:</span></p>
@@ -35568,7 +35568,7 @@ pushl %ecx</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pushl %edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�¾�ȡ����̨<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ�ж��������ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>下句取控制台<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构中读缓冲队列指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u>&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;movl
@@ -35576,20 +35576,20 @@ _table_list,%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;# read-queue
 for console</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-movl head(%edx),%ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ����ͷָ��<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��</p>
+movl head(%edx),%ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取队列头指针<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movb %al,buf(%edx,%ecx)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>al</span>�е��ַ�����ͷָ��λ�ô���</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>al</span>中的字符放入头指针位置处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; incl %ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ͷָ��ǰ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>头指针前移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>102</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; andl $size-1,%ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ͷָ�롣������������ĩ�����ƻؿ�ʼ����</p>
+// </span>调整头指针。若超出缓冲区末端则绕回开始处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>103</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpl
@@ -35597,48 +35597,48 @@ tail(%edx),%ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# buffer
 full - discard everything</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ͷָ��<span lang=EN-US>==</span>βָ���𣿣���������������𣿣�</p>
+// </span>头指针<span lang=EN-US>==</span>尾指针吗？（即缓冲队列满了吗？）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je 3f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������������δ������ַ�ȫ������</p>
+// </span>如果已满，则后面未放入的字符全抛弃。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;shrdl $8,%ebx,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>��<span lang=EN-US>8</span>����������<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>λ��<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>�У�<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>���䡣</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>中<span lang=EN-US>8</span>个比特右移<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>位到<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>中，<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>不变。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je 2f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ַ�����û�У�����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������ת��</p>
+// </span>还有字符吗？若没有（等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）则跳转。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>107</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; shrl $8,%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>8</span>λ������ת�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����������</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>值右移<span lang=EN-US>8</span>位，并跳转到标号<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>继续操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>108</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp 1b</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>109</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 2:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl %ecx,head(%edx)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ѽ������ַ���������У��򱣴�ͷָ�롣</p>
+// </span>若已将所有字符都放入队列，则保存头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
-proc_list(%edx),%ecx &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�ö��еĵȴ�����ָ�룿</p>
+proc_list(%edx),%ecx &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>该队列的等待进程指针？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>111</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testl %ecx,%ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ƿ��еȴ��ö��еĽ��̡�</p>
+// </span>检测是否有等待该队列的进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>112</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je 3f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ޣ�����ת��</p>
+// </span>无，则跳转；</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl $0,(%ecx)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�У����ѽ��̣��øý���Ϊ����״̬����</p>
+// </span>有，则唤醒进程（置该进程为就绪状态）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 3:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; popl %edx</span></p>
@@ -35652,91 +35652,91 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����￪ʼ�Ǽ���ת��<span
-lang=EN-US>key_table</span>��ָ���Ӧ�ĸ������������ɼ��������ӳ��򡣹������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从这里开始是键跳转表<span
+lang=EN-US>key_table</span>中指针对应的各个按键（或松键）处理子程序。供上面第</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 53</span>�������á�����ת��<span
-lang=EN-US>key_table</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>513</span>�п�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 53</span>行语句调用。键跳转表<span
+lang=EN-US>key_table</span>在第<span lang=EN-US>513</span>行开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������δ������<span
-lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>��<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>��ɨ���룬�ֱ�����ģʽ��־<span
-lang=EN-US>mode</span>����Ӧλ������ڸ�ɨ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面这段代码根据<span
+lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>或<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>的扫描码，分别设置模式标志<span
+lang=EN-US>mode</span>中相应位。如果在该扫描</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��֮ǰ�յ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0xe0</span>ɨ���루<span lang=EN-US>e0</span>��־��λ������˵�����µ��Ǽ����ұߵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>��<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>码之前收到过<span
+lang=EN-US>0xe0</span>扫描码（<span lang=EN-US>e0</span>标志置位），则说明按下的是键盘右边的<span
+lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>或<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>键，则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӧ����<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>alt</span>��ģʽ��־<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>�еı���λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对应设置<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>alt</span>在模式标志<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>中的比特位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> ctrl:&nbsp;&nbsp; movb $0x04,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 0x4</span>��<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>����<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>����Ӧ�ı���λ��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>����</p>
+// 0x4</span>是<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>中左<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>键对应的比特位（位<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp 1f</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>120</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> alt:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movb $0x10,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 0x10</span>��<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>����<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>����Ӧ�ı���λ��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>����</p>
+// 0x10</span>是<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>中左<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>键对应的比特位（位<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>121</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpb $0,e0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// e0</span>��λ���𣨰��µ����ұߵ�<span lang=EN-US>ctrl/alt</span>���𣩣�</p>
+// e0</span>置位了吗（按下的是右边的<span lang=EN-US>ctrl/alt</span>键吗）？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je 2f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ת��</p>
+// </span>不是则转。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>123</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addb %al,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ǣ���ĳ�����Ӧ�Ҽ���־λ��λ<span lang=EN-US>3</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>5</span>����</p>
+// </span>是，则改成置相应右键标志位（位<span lang=EN-US>3</span>或位<span lang=EN-US>5</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>124</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 2:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; orb %al,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>��־�ж�Ӧ�ı���λ��</p>
+// </span>设置<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>标志中对应的比特位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>125</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��δ��봦��<span
-lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>��<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>���ɿ�ʱ��ɨ���룬��λģʽ��־<span
-lang=EN-US>mode</span>�еĶ�Ӧ����λ���ڴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这段代码处理<span
+lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>或<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>键松开时的扫描码，复位模式标志<span
+lang=EN-US>mode</span>中的对应比特位。在处理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʱҪ����<span lang=EN-US>e0</span>��־�Ƿ���λ���ж��Ƿ��Ǽ����ұߵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>��<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>时要根据<span lang=EN-US>e0</span>标志是否置位来判断是否是键盘右边的<span
+lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>或<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>键。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>126</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> unctrl: movb $0x04,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// mode</span>����<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>����Ӧ�ı���λ��λ<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����</p>
+// mode</span>中左<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>键对应的比特位（位<span lang=EN-US>2</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>127</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp 1f</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>128</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> unalt:&nbsp; movb $0x10,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 0x10</span>��<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>����<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>����Ӧ�ı���λ��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>����</p>
+// 0x10</span>是<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>中左<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>键对应的比特位（位<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>129</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpb $0,e0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// e0</span>��λ�����ͷŵ����ұߵ�<span lang=EN-US>ctrl/alt</span>���𣩣�</p>
+// e0</span>置位了吗（释放的是右边的<span lang=EN-US>ctrl/alt</span>键吗）？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je 2f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ǣ���ת��</p>
+// </span>不是，则转。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>131</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addb %al,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ǣ���ĳɸ�λ��Ӧ�Ҽ��ı�־λ��λ<span lang=EN-US>3</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>5</span>����</p>
+// </span>是，则改成复位相应右键的标志位（位<span lang=EN-US>3</span>或位<span lang=EN-US>5</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>132</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 2:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; notb %al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>��־�ж�Ӧ�ı���λ��</p>
+// </span>复位<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>标志中对应的比特位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; andb %al,mode</span></p>
@@ -35747,16 +35747,16 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>135</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��δ��봦������<span
-lang=EN-US>shift</span>�����º��ɿ�ʱ��ɨ���룬�ֱ����ú͸�λ<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>�е���Ӧλ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这段代码处理左、右<span
+lang=EN-US>shift</span>键按下和松开时的扫描码，分别设置和复位<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>中的相应位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>136</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> lshift:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; orb $0x01,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>�����£�����<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+// </span>是左<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>键按下，设置<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>中位<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
@@ -35766,8 +35766,8 @@ lang=EN-US> unlshift:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; andb $0xfe,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>���ɿ�����λ<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+// </span>是左<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>键松开，复位<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>中位<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
@@ -35777,8 +35777,8 @@ lang=EN-US> rshift:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; orb $0x02,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>�����£�����<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+// </span>是右<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>键按下，设置<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>中位<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>144</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
@@ -35788,8 +35788,8 @@ lang=EN-US> unrshift:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>146</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; andb $0xfd,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>���ɿ�����λ<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+// </span>是右<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>键松开，复位<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>中位<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
@@ -35797,50 +35797,50 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��δ�����յ�<span
-lang=EN-US>caps</span>��ɨ������д�����ͨ��<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>����֪��<span lang=EN-US>caps</span>����ǰ�Ƿ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这段代码对收到<span
+lang=EN-US>caps</span>键扫描码进行处理。通过<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>中位<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>可以知道<span lang=EN-US>caps</span>键当前是否正处于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڰ���״̬�������򷵻أ�����ͷ�ת<span
-lang=EN-US>mode</span>��־��<span lang=EN-US>caps</span>�����µı���λ��λ<span lang=EN-US>6</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>leds</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在按下状态。若是则返回，否则就翻转<span
+lang=EN-US>mode</span>标志中<span lang=EN-US>caps</span>键按下的比特位（位<span lang=EN-US>6</span>）和<span
+lang=EN-US>leds</span>标</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>־��<span lang=EN-US>caps-lock</span>����λ��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>��־��<span lang=EN-US>caps</span>���Ѱ��±�־λ��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>志中<span lang=EN-US>caps-lock</span>比特位（位<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>），设置<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>标志中<span lang=EN-US>caps</span>键已按下标志位（位<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> caps:&nbsp;&nbsp; testb $0x80,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>7</span>�Ƿ�����λ�����ڰ���״̬����</p>
+// </span>测试<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>中位<span lang=EN-US>7</span>是否已置位（即在按下状态）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jne 1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ѵ��ڰ���״̬���򷵻أ�<span lang=EN-US>186</span>�У���</p>
+// </span>如果已处于按下状态，则返回（<span lang=EN-US>186</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>151</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xorb $4,leds&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ת<span lang=EN-US>leds</span>��־��<span lang=EN-US>caps-lock</span>����λ��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>����</p>
+// </span>翻转<span lang=EN-US>leds</span>标志中<span lang=EN-US>caps-lock</span>比特位（位<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xorb $0x40,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ת<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>��־��<span lang=EN-US>caps</span>�����µı���λ��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>6</span>����</p>
+// </span>翻转<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>标志中<span lang=EN-US>caps</span>键按下的比特位（位<span
+lang=EN-US>6</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; orb $0x80,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>��־��<span lang=EN-US>caps</span>���Ѱ��±�־λ��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>����</p>
+// </span>设置<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>标志中<span lang=EN-US>caps</span>键已按下标志位（位<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��δ������<span
-lang=EN-US>leds</span>��־��������ر�<span lang=EN-US>LED</span>ָʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这段代码根据<span
+lang=EN-US>leds</span>标志，开启或关闭<span lang=EN-US>LED</span>指示器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> set_leds:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call kb_wait&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ȴ����̿��������뻺��ա�</p>
+// </span>等待键盘控制器输入缓冲空。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movb
@@ -35849,25 +35849,25 @@ set leds command */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; outb %al,$0x60&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ͼ�������<span lang=EN-US>0xed</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x60</span>�˿ڡ�</p>
+// </span>发送键盘命令<span lang=EN-US>0xed</span>到<span lang=EN-US>0x60</span>端口。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call kb_wait</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movb leds,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>leds</span>��־����Ϊ������</p>
+// </span>取<span lang=EN-US>leds</span>标志，作为参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; outb %al,$0x60&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���͸ò�����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>发送该参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> uncaps: andb $0x7f,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// caps</span>���ɿ�����λ<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>�еĶ�Ӧλ��λ<span lang=EN-US>7</span>����</p>
+// caps</span>键松开，则复位<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>中的对应位（位<span lang=EN-US>7</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
@@ -35877,37 +35877,37 @@ lang=EN-US> scroll:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testb $0x03,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʱ<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>��Ҳͬʱ���£���</p>
+// </span>若此时<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>键也同时按下，则</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>166</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je 1f</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>167</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call _show_mem&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʾ�ڴ�״̬��Ϣ��<span lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>457</span>�У���</p>
+// </span>显示内存状态信息（<span lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>457</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp 2f</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>169</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call _show_state&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʾ����״̬��Ϣ��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>45</span>�У���</p>
+// </span>否则显示进程状态信息（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>45</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 2:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xorb $1,leds&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// scroll</span>�����£���ת<span lang=EN-US>leds</span>�ж�Ӧλ��λ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+// scroll</span>键按下，则翻转<span lang=EN-US>leds</span>中对应位（位<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp set_leds&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>leds</span>��־���¿�����ر�<span lang=EN-US>LED</span>ָʾ����</p>
+// </span>根据<span lang=EN-US>leds</span>标志重新开启或关闭<span lang=EN-US>LED</span>指示器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>172</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> num:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xorb $2,leds&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// num</span>�����£���ת<span lang=EN-US>leds</span>�еĶ�Ӧλ��λ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+// num</span>键按下，则翻转<span lang=EN-US>leds</span>中的对应位（位<span lang=EN-US>1</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>173</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp set_leds&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>leds</span>��־���¿�����ر�<span lang=EN-US>LED</span>ָʾ����</p>
+// </span>根据<span lang=EN-US>leds</span>标志重新开启或关闭<span lang=EN-US>LED</span>指示器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>174</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -35927,8 +35927,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ﴦ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>����С���̷�������������С���̵ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>这里处理方向键<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>数字小键盘方向键，检测数字小键盘等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -35937,138 +35937,138 @@ lang=EN-US> cursor:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>180</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; subb $0x47,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ɨ���������ּ����ϵļ�����ɨ����<span lang=EN-US>&gt;=0x47</span>�������ģ�</p>
+// </span>扫描码是数字键盘上的键（其扫描码<span lang=EN-US>&gt;=0x47</span>）发出的？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>181</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jb 1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���С���򲻴��������أ�<span lang=EN-US>198</span>�У���</p>
+// </span>如果小于则不处理，返回（<span lang=EN-US>198</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpb $12,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ɨ���� <span lang=EN-US>&gt; 0x53</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x53 - 0x47 =
-12</span>������</p>
+// </span>如果扫描码 <span lang=EN-US>&gt; 0x53</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0x53 - 0x47 =
+12</span>），则</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>183</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ja 1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʾɨ����ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>83</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x53</span>���������������ء�</p>
+// </span>表示扫描码值超过<span lang=EN-US>83</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0x53</span>），不处理，返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>184</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jne
 cur2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* check for ctrl-alt-del */ /* </span>���<span lang=EN-US>ctrl-alt-del</span>��<span
+/* check for ctrl-alt-del */ /* </span>检测<span lang=EN-US>ctrl-alt-del</span>键<span
 lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>12</span>��˵��<span
-lang=EN-US>del</span>���ѱ����£�������ж�<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>��<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>�Ƿ�Ҳ��ͬʱ���¡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若等于<span lang=EN-US>12</span>，说明<span
+lang=EN-US>del</span>键已被按下，则继续判断<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>和<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>是否也被同时按下。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>185</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testb $0x0c,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>�����������ޣ�����ת��</p>
+// </span>有<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>键按下了吗？无，则跳转。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>186</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je cur2</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>187</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testb $0x30,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>��������</p>
+// </span>有<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>键按下吗？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jne reboot&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�У�����ת��������������<span lang=EN-US>594</span>�У���</p>
+// </span>有，则跳转到重启动处理（<span lang=EN-US>594</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> cur2:&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpb
 $0x01,e0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* e0
-forces cursor movement */ /* e0</span>��λָ����ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+forces cursor movement */ /* e0</span>置位指光标移动<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// e0</span>��־��λ����</p>
+// e0</span>标志置位了吗？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je cur&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��λ�ˣ�����ת����ƶ�������<span lang=EN-US>cur</span>��</p>
+// </span>置位了，则跳转光标移动处理处<span lang=EN-US>cur</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>191</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testb
 $0x02,leds&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* not num-lock forces
-cursor */ /* num-lock</span>������<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+cursor */ /* num-lock</span>键则不许<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>leds</span>�б�־<span lang=EN-US>num-lock</span>����־�Ƿ���λ��</p>
+// </span>测试<span lang=EN-US>leds</span>中标志<span lang=EN-US>num-lock</span>键标志是否置位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>192</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je cur&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��û����λ��<span lang=EN-US>num</span>��<span lang=EN-US>LED</span>����������Ҳ��������ƶ���</p>
+// </span>若没有置位（<span lang=EN-US>num</span>的<span lang=EN-US>LED</span>不亮），则也处理光标移动。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testb
 $0x03,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* shift forces cursor */ /*
-shift</span>��Ҳʹ����ƶ�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+shift</span>键也使光标移动<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ģʽ��־<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>��<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>���±�־��</p>
+// </span>测试模式标志<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>中<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>按下标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jne cur&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>�����£���Ҳ���й���ƶ�������</p>
+// </span>如果有<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>键按下，则也进行光标移动处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>195</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xorl %ebx,%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ѯС���ֱ���<span lang=EN-US>199</span>�У���ȡ��������<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>�롣</p>
+// </span>否则查询小数字表（<span lang=EN-US>199</span>行），取键的数字<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>196</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movb
-num_table(%eax),%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>��Ϊ����ֵ��ȡ��Ӧ�����ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>��</p>
+num_table(%eax),%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>作为索引值，取对应数字字符<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>197</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp put_queue&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;// </span>�ַ����뻺������С�����Ҫ������е��ַ���<span lang=EN-US>&lt;=4</span>�����</p>
+&nbsp;// </span>字符放入缓冲队列中。由于要放入队列的字符数<span lang=EN-US>&lt;=4</span>，因此</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>198</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ִ��<span lang=EN-US>put_queue</span>ǰ���<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>���㣬��<span
-lang=EN-US>87</span>���ϵ�ע�͡�</p>
+// </span>在执行<span lang=EN-US>put_queue</span>前需把<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>清零，见<span
+lang=EN-US>87</span>行上的注释。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>199</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>��δ��봦������ƶ������ɾ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>这段代码处理光标移动或插入删除按键。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>200</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> cur:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movb cur_table(%eax),%al&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>ȡ����ַ�������Ӧ���Ĵ����ַ�<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>al</span>��</p>
+</span>取光标字符表中相应键的代表字符<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US>al</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>201</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpb $'9,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ַ�<span lang=EN-US>&lt;='9'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>5</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>6</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>3</span>����˵������һҳ����һҳ��</p>
+// </span>若字符<span lang=EN-US>&lt;='9'</span>（<span lang=EN-US>5</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>6</span>、<span lang=EN-US>2</span>或<span lang=EN-US>3</span>），说明是上一页、下一页、</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>202</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ja ok_cur&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ɾ�����������ַ�������Ҫ�����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>'~'</span>������</p>
+// </span>插入或删除键，则功能字符序列中要添入字符<span lang=EN-US>'~'</span>。不过</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>203</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movb $'~,%ah&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���ں˲�û�ж����ǽ���ʶ��ʹ�����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>本内核并没有对它们进行识别和处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> ok_cur: shll $16,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ax</span>�������Ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>�����С�</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>ax</span>中内容移到<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>高字中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movw $0x5b1b,%ax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>'esc ['</span>����<span lang=EN-US>ax</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>�������ַ�����ƶ����С�</p>
+// </span>把<span lang=EN-US>'esc ['</span>放入<span lang=EN-US>ax</span>，与<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>高字中字符组成移动序列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>206</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xorl %ebx,%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;// </span>����ֻ���<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>���ַ�������У������Ҫ��<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>���㡣</p>
+&nbsp;// </span>由于只需把<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>中字符放入队列，因此需要把<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>207</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp put_queue&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ַ����뻺������С�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>将该字符放入缓冲队列中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>208</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -36081,7 +36081,7 @@ lang=EN-US> num_table:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>211</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .ascii &quot;789
-456 1230.&quot;&nbsp; // </span>����С�����ϼ���Ӧ������<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>�����</p>
+456 1230.&quot;&nbsp; // </span>数字小键盘上键对应的数字<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>212</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #else</span></p>
@@ -36101,7 +36101,7 @@ lang=EN-US> cur_table:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>217</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .ascii &quot;HA5
-DGC YB623&quot;&nbsp; // </span>С�����Ϸ���������ɾ������Ӧ���ƶ���ʾ�ַ�����</p>
+DGC YB623&quot;&nbsp; // </span>小键盘上方向键或插入删除键对应的移动表示字符表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>218</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -36117,108 +36117,108 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����ӳ��������ܼ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面子程序处理功能键。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ѹ��ܼ�ɨ����任��ת���ַ����в���ŵ��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把功能键扫描码变换成转义字符序列并存放到读队列中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>222</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> func:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>223</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; subb $0x3B,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>'F1'</span>��ɨ������<span lang=EN-US>0x3B</span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>al</span>���ǹ��ܼ������š�</p>
+// </span>键<span lang=EN-US>'F1'</span>的扫描码是<span lang=EN-US>0x3B</span>，因此<span
+lang=EN-US>al</span>中是功能键索引号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>224</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jb end_func&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���ɨ����С��<span lang=EN-US>0x3b</span>���򲻴��������ء�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>如果扫描码小于<span lang=EN-US>0x3b</span>，则不处理，返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>225</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpb $9,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ܼ���<span lang=EN-US>F1--F10</span>��</p>
+// </span>功能键是<span lang=EN-US>F1--F10</span>？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>226</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jbe ok_func&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ǣ�����ת��</p>
+// </span>是，则跳转。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>227</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; subb $18,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ǹ��ܼ�<span lang=EN-US>F11</span>��<span lang=EN-US>F12</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>F11</span>��<span lang=EN-US>F12</span>ɨ������<span lang=EN-US>0x57</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x58</span>��</p>
+// </span>是功能键<span lang=EN-US>F11</span>，<span lang=EN-US>F12</span>吗？<span
+lang=EN-US>F11</span>、<span lang=EN-US>F12</span>扫描码是<span lang=EN-US>0x57</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>0x58</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpb $10,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ǹ��ܼ�<span lang=EN-US>F11</span>��</p>
+// </span>是功能键<span lang=EN-US>F11</span>？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>229</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jb end_func&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ǣ��򲻴��������ء�</p>
+// </span>不是，则不处理，返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>230</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpb $11,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ǹ��ܼ�<span lang=EN-US>F12</span>��</p>
+// </span>是功能键<span lang=EN-US>F12</span>？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>231</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ja end_func&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ǣ��򲻴��������ء�</p>
+// </span>不是，则不处理，返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>232</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> ok_func:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>233</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testb $0x10,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>��Ҳͬʱ��������</p>
+// </span>左<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>键也同时按下了吗？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>234</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jne alt_func&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>������ת����������������նˡ�</p>
+</span>是则跳转处理更换虚拟控制终端。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>235</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpl
 $4,%ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/*
-check that there is enough room */ /*</span>���ռ�<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+check that there is enough room */ /*</span>检查空间<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>236</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jl end_func&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// [??]</span>��Ҫ����<span lang=EN-US>4</span>���ַ�������Ų��£��򷵻ء�</p>
+// [??]</span>需要放入<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个字符，如果放不下，则返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>237</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
-func_table(,%eax,4),%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ���ܼ���Ӧ�ַ����С�</p>
+func_table(,%eax,4),%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取功能键对应字符序列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>238</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;xorl %ebx,%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��Ҫ��������ַ���<span lang=EN-US>=4</span>�����ִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>put_queue</span>֮ǰ</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>因要放入队列字符数<span lang=EN-US>=4</span>，因此执行<span
+lang=EN-US>put_queue</span>之前</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>239</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp put_queue&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>���㡣</p>
+// </span>需把<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>清零。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���� <span lang=EN-US>alt
-+ Fn </span>��ϼ����ı���������նˡ���ʱ<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>���ǹ��ܼ������ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>F1 -- 0</span>������Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处理 <span lang=EN-US>alt
++ Fn </span>组合键，改变虚拟控制终端。此时<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>中是功能键索引号（<span
+lang=EN-US>F1 -- 0</span>），对应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ն˺š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>虚拟控制终端号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>240</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> alt_func:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>241</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl %eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������ն˺���ջ����Ϊ������</p>
+// </span>虚拟控制终端号入栈，作为参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>242</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call
-_change_console&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ĵ�ǰ��������նˣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>chr_dev/tty_io.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>87</span>�У���</p>
+_change_console&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>更改当前虚拟控制终端（<span
+lang=EN-US>chr_dev/tty_io.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>87</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>243</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; popl %eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����������</p>
+// </span>丢弃参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>244</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> end_func:</span></p>
@@ -36240,9 +36240,9 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ܼ����͵�ɨ���룬<span
-lang=EN-US>F1</span>��Ϊ��<span lang=EN-US>'esc [ [ A'</span>��<span lang=EN-US> F2</span>��Ϊ��<span
-lang=EN-US>'esc [ [ B'</span>�ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>功能键发送的扫描码，<span
+lang=EN-US>F1</span>键为：<span lang=EN-US>'esc [ [ A'</span>，<span lang=EN-US> F2</span>键为：<span
+lang=EN-US>'esc [ [ B'</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -36264,29 +36264,29 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .long
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>254</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɨ����<span lang=EN-US>-ASCII</span>�ַ�ӳ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扫描码<span lang=EN-US>-ASCII</span>字符映射表。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ǰ�涨��ļ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>(FINNISH</span>��<span lang=EN-US>US</span>��<span lang=EN-US>GERMEN</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>FRANCH)</span>������Ӧ����ɨ����ӳ�䵽</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据前面定义的键盘类型<span
+lang=EN-US>(FINNISH</span>，<span lang=EN-US>US</span>，<span lang=EN-US>GERMEN</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>FRANCH)</span>，将相应键的扫描码映射到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ASCII</span>�ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ASCII</span>字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>255</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #if&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; defined(KBD_FINNISH)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����Ƿ�������̵�ɨ����ӳ�����</p>
+// </span>以下是芬兰语键盘的扫描码映射表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>256</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> key_map:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>257</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .byte 0,27&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ɨ����<span lang=EN-US>0x00,0x01</span>��Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>�룻</p>
+// </span>扫描码<span lang=EN-US>0x00,0x01</span>对应的<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码；</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>258</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .ascii
-&quot;1234567890+'&quot;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɨ����<span lang=EN-US>0x02,...0x0c,0x0d</span>��Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>�룬�������ơ�</p>
+&quot;1234567890+'&quot;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扫描码<span lang=EN-US>0x02,...0x0c,0x0d</span>对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码，以下类似。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>259</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .byte 127,9</span></p>
@@ -36312,25 +36312,25 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .ascii
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>265</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .byte
 0,'*,0,32&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* 36-39 */&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>ɨ����<span lang=EN-US>0x36-0x39</span>��Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>��<span
+/* </span>扫描码<span lang=EN-US>0x36-0x39</span>对应的<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>266</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .fill
 16,1,0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*
-3A-49 */&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ɨ����<span lang=EN-US>0x3A-0x49</span>��Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+3A-49 */&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>扫描码<span lang=EN-US>0x3A-0x49</span>对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>267</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .byte
-'-,0,0,0,'+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* 4A-4E */&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ɨ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0x4A-0x4E</span>��Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>��<span lang=EN-US>
+'-,0,0,0,'+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* 4A-4E */&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>扫描码<span
+lang=EN-US>0x4A-0x4E</span>对应的<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码<span lang=EN-US>
 */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>268</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .byte
-0,0,0,0,0,0,0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* 4F-55 */&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ɨ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0x4F-0x55</span>��Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>��<span lang=EN-US>
+0,0,0,0,0,0,0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* 4F-55 */&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>扫描码<span
+lang=EN-US>0x4F-0x55</span>对应的<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码<span lang=EN-US>
 */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>269</span></u><span
@@ -36344,7 +36344,7 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>272</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> shift_map:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// shift</span>��ͬʱ����ʱ��ӳ�����</p>
+// shift</span>键同时按下时的映射表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>273</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .byte 0,27</span></p>
@@ -36402,7 +36402,7 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>288</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> alt_map:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// alt</span>��ͬʱ����ʱ��ӳ�����</p>
+// alt</span>键同时按下时的映射表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>289</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .byte 0,0</span></p>
@@ -36460,7 +36460,7 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>304</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #elif defined(KBD_US)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��������ʽ���̵�ɨ����ӳ�����</p>
+</span>以下是美式键盘的扫描码映射表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>305</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -36641,7 +36641,7 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>355</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #elif defined(KBD_GR)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�����ǵ�����̵�ɨ����ӳ�����</p>
+</span>以下是德语键盘的扫描码映射表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>356</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -36824,7 +36824,7 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>407</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #elif defined(KBD_FR)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�����Ƿ�����̵�ɨ����ӳ�����</p>
+</span>以下是法语键盘的扫描码映射表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>408</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -37026,170 +37026,170 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * do_self</span>���ڴ�������ͨ������Ҳ������û�б仯����ֻ��һ���ַ����صļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * do_self</span>用于处理“普通”键，也即含义没有变化并且只有一个字符返回的键。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ���<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>��־ѡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>alt_map</span>��<span lang=EN-US>shift_map</span>��<span lang=EN-US>key_map</span>ӳ���֮һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先根据<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>标志选择<span
+lang=EN-US>alt_map</span>、<span lang=EN-US>shift_map</span>或<span lang=EN-US>key_map</span>映射表之一。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>464</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> do_self:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>465</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; lea alt_map,%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>��ͬʱ����ʱ��ӳ�����ַ<span lang=EN-US>alt_map</span>��</p>
+// </span>取<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>键同时按下时的映射表基址<span lang=EN-US>alt_map</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>466</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testb
 $0x20,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* alt-gr */&nbsp; /* </span>��<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>��ͬʱ������<span
+/* alt-gr */&nbsp; /* </span>右<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>键同时按下了<span
 lang=EN-US>? */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>467</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;jne 1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ǣ�����ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+// </span>是，则向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>468</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; lea shift_map,%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>��ͬʱ����ʱ��ӳ�����ַ<span lang=EN-US>shift_map</span>��</p>
+// </span>取<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>键同时按下时的映射表基址<span lang=EN-US>shift_map</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>469</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testb $0x03,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>��ͬʱ��������</p>
+// </span>有<span lang=EN-US>shift</span>键同时按下了吗？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>470</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jne 1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�У�����ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ȥӳ���ַ���</p>
+// </span>有，则向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>处去映射字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>471</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; lea key_map,%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʹ����ͨӳ���<span lang=EN-US>key_map</span>��</p>
+// </span>否则使用普通映射表<span lang=EN-US>key_map</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����ɨ����ȡӳ����ж�Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>�ַ�����û�ж�Ӧ�ַ����򷵻أ�ת<span lang=EN-US>none</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后根据扫描码取映射表中对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>字符。若没有对应字符，则返回（转<span lang=EN-US>none</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>472</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movb (%ebx,%eax),%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ɨ������Ϊ����ֵ��ȡ��Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>��<span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>��</p>
+// </span>将扫描码作为索引值，取对应的<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码<span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>473</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; orb %al,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��⿴�Ƿ��ж�Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>�롣</p>
+// </span>检测看是否有对应的<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>474</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je none&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��û��<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>=0)</span>���򷵻ء�</p>
+</span>若没有<span lang=EN-US>(</span>对应的<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码<span
+lang=EN-US>=0)</span>，则返回。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>���Ѱ��»�<span
-lang=EN-US>caps</span>�������������ַ��� <span lang=EN-US>'a'--'}'</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x61--0x7D</span>����Χ�ڣ�����ת��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>键已按下或<span
+lang=EN-US>caps</span>键锁定，并且字符在 <span lang=EN-US>'a'--'}'</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>0x61--0x7D</span>）范围内，则将其转成</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��д�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>0x41--0x5D</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>大写字符（<span lang=EN-US>0x41--0x5D</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>475</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testb
 $0x4c,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* ctrl or caps */&nbsp; /* </span>���Ƽ��Ѱ��»�<span lang=EN-US>caps</span>����<span
+/* ctrl or caps */&nbsp; /* </span>控制键已按下或<span lang=EN-US>caps</span>亮？<span
 lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>476</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je 2f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>û�У�����ǰ��ת���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����</p>
+// </span>没有，则向前跳转标号<span lang=EN-US>2</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>477</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpb $'a,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>al</span>�е��ַ���<span lang=EN-US>'a'</span>�Ƚϡ�</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>al</span>中的字符与<span lang=EN-US>'a'</span>比较。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>478</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jb 2f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>al</span>ֵ<span lang=EN-US>&lt;'a'</span>����ת���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>����</p>
+// </span>若<span lang=EN-US>al</span>值<span lang=EN-US>&lt;'a'</span>，则转标号<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>479</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpb $'},%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>al</span>�е��ַ���<span lang=EN-US>'}'</span>�Ƚϡ�</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>al</span>中的字符与<span lang=EN-US>'}'</span>比较。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>480</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ja 2f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>al</span>ֵ<span lang=EN-US>&gt;'}'</span>����ת���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>����</p>
+// </span>若<span lang=EN-US>al</span>值<span lang=EN-US>&gt;'}'</span>，则转标号<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>481</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;subb $32,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>al</span>ת��Ϊ��д�ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>0x20</span>����</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>al</span>转换为大写字符（减<span lang=EN-US>0x20</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>���Ѱ��£������ַ���
-<span lang=EN-US>'`'--'_'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x40--0x5F</span>��֮�䣬���Ǵ�д�ַ�������ת��Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若<span lang=EN-US>ctrl</span>键已按下，并且字符在
+<span lang=EN-US>'`'--'_'</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0x40--0x5F</span>）之间，即是大写字符，则将其转换为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ���<span lang=EN-US>0x00--0x1F</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制字符（<span lang=EN-US>0x00--0x1F</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>482</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 2:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testb
 $0x0c,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* ctrl */ &nbsp;/* ctrl</span>��ͬʱ��������<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+/* ctrl */ &nbsp;/* ctrl</span>键同时按下了吗？<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>483</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je 3f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��û����ת���<span lang=EN-US>3</span>��</p>
+// </span>若没有则转标号<span lang=EN-US>3</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>484</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpb $64,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>al</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'@'</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>64</span>���ַ��Ƚϣ����ж��ַ�������Χ��</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>al</span>与<span lang=EN-US>'@'</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>64</span>）字符比较，即判断字符所属范围。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>485</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jb 3f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>&lt;'@'</span>����ת���<span lang=EN-US>3</span>��</p>
+// </span>若值<span lang=EN-US>&lt;'@'</span>，则转标号<span lang=EN-US>3</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>486</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpb $64+32,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>al</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'`'</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>96</span>���ַ��Ƚϣ����ж��ַ�������Χ��</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>al</span>与<span lang=EN-US>'`'</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>96</span>）字符比较，即判断字符所属范围。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>487</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jae 3f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>&gt;='`'</span>����ת���<span lang=EN-US>3</span>��</p>
+// </span>若值<span lang=EN-US>&gt;='`'</span>，则转标号<span lang=EN-US>3</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>488</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; subb $64,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>al</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x40</span>��ת��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0x00--0x1f</span>�Ŀ����ַ���</p>
+// </span>否则<span lang=EN-US>al</span>减<span lang=EN-US>0x40</span>，转换为<span
+lang=EN-US>0x00--0x1f</span>的控制字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>��ͬʱ���£����ַ���λ<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>��λ������ʱ����ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>0x7f</span>����չ�ַ����е��ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若左<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>键同时按下，则将字符的位<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>置位。即此时生成值大于<span lang=EN-US>0x7f</span>的扩展字符集中的字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>489</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 3:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testb
 $0x10,mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* left alt */ &nbsp;/* </span>��<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>��ͬʱ���£�<span
+/* left alt */ &nbsp;/* </span>左<span lang=EN-US>alt</span>键同时按下？<span
 lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>490</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je 4f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>û�У���ת���<span lang=EN-US>4</span>��</p>
+// </span>没有，则转标号<span lang=EN-US>4</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>491</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; orb $0x80,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ַ���λ<span lang=EN-US>7</span>��λ��</p>
+// </span>字符的位<span lang=EN-US>7</span>置位。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>al</span>�е��ַ��������������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将<span lang=EN-US>al</span>中的字符放入读缓冲队列中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>492</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 4:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; andl $0xff,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>�ĸ��ֺ�<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>��</p>
+// </span>清<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>的高字和<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>493</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xorl %ebx,%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���ڷ�������ַ���<span lang=EN-US>&lt;=4</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>ebx</span>���㡣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>由于放入队列字符数<span lang=EN-US>&lt;=4</span>，因此需把<span
+lang=EN-US>ebx</span>清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>494</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call put_queue&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ַ����뻺������С�</p>
+// </span>将字符放入缓冲队列中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>495</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> none:&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
@@ -37214,38 +37214,38 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���������Լ��Ĵ����ӳ�����Ϊ�ڼ���ɨ����֮ǰ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>减号有它自己的处理子程序，因为在减号扫描码之前的<span
 lang=EN-US>0xe0</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ζ�Ű���������С�����ϵ�б�ܼ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>意味着按下了数字小键盘上的斜杠键。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ע�⣬���ڷ�����͵�����̣�ɨ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0x35</span>��Ӧ����<span lang=EN-US>'-'</span>�����μ���<span lang=EN-US>264</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>365</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>注意，对于芬兰语和德语键盘，扫描码<span
+lang=EN-US>0x35</span>对应的是<span lang=EN-US>'-'</span>键。参见第<span lang=EN-US>264</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>365</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>502</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> minus:&nbsp; cmpb $1,e0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// e0</span>��־��λ����</p>
+// e0</span>标志置位了吗？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>503</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jne do_self&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>û�У������<span lang=EN-US>do_self</span>�Լ��ŷ�������ͨ������</p>
+// </span>没有，则调用<span lang=EN-US>do_self</span>对减号符进行普通处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>504</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl $'/,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������<span lang=EN-US>'/'</span>�滻����<span lang=EN-US>'-'</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>��</p>
+// </span>否则用<span lang=EN-US>'/'</span>替换减号<span lang=EN-US>'-'</span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>505</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; xorl %ebx,%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���ڷ�������ַ���<span lang=EN-US>&lt;=4</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>ebx</span>���㡣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>由于放入队列字符数<span lang=EN-US>&lt;=4</span>，因此需把<span
+lang=EN-US>ebx</span>清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>506</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp put_queue&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ַ����뻺������С�</p>
+// </span>并将字符放入缓冲队列中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>507</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -37269,13 +37269,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������һ���ӳ����ַ��ת������ȡ��ɨ�����͸��ݴ˱�������Ӧ��ɨ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面是一张子程序地址跳转表。当取得扫描码后就根据此表调用相应的扫描码</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����ӳ��򡣴�������õ��ӳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>do_self</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>none</span>����������ǰ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>处理子程序。大多数调用的子程序是<span
+lang=EN-US>do_self</span>，或者是<span lang=EN-US>none</span>，这起决于是按键</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>make</span>�������ͷż�<span lang=EN-US>(break)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>make</span>）还是释放键<span lang=EN-US>(break)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -37607,11 +37607,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ӳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>kb_wait</span>���ڵȴ����̿���������ա������ڳ�ʱ����<span lang=EN-US> - </span>���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>子程序<span
+lang=EN-US>kb_wait</span>用于等待键盘控制器缓冲空。不存在超时处理<span lang=EN-US> - </span>如果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������Զ���յĻ�������ͻ���Զ�ȴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>缓冲永远不空的话，程序就会永远等待<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>死掉<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -37623,16 +37623,16 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pushl %eax</span></p
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>585</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inb $0x64,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����̿�����״̬��</p>
+// </span>读键盘控制器状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>586</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testb $0x02,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������뻺�����Ƿ�Ϊ�գ�����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+// </span>测试输入缓冲器是否为空（等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>587</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jne 1b&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�����գ�����תѭ���ȴ���</p>
+</span>若不空，则跳转循环等待。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>588</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; popl %eax</span></p>
@@ -37654,37 +37654,37 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ӳ���ͨ�����ü��̿���������λ����������壬ʹϵͳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该子程序通过设置键盘控制器，向复位线输出负脉冲，使系统复</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>λ������<span
-lang=EN-US>reboot</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>位重启（<span
+lang=EN-US>reboot</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ӳ����������ڴ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>0x472</span>��дֵ<span lang=EN-US>0x1234</span>����λ��������ģʽ��<span
-lang=EN-US>reboot_mode</span>����־�֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该子程序往物理内存地址<span
+lang=EN-US>0x472</span>处写值<span lang=EN-US>0x1234</span>。该位置是启动模式（<span
+lang=EN-US>reboot_mode</span>）标志字。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������<span
-lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span>���ȡ������ģʽ��־ֵ��������ֵ��ָ����һ����ִ�С� �����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在启动过程中<span
+lang=EN-US>ROM BIOS</span>会读取该启动模式标志值并根据其值来指导下一步的执行。 如果该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>0x1234</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>BIOS </span>�ͻ������ڴ�����̶�ִ����������<span lang=EN-US>Warm-boot</span>�����̡� �������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>值是<span lang=EN-US>0x1234</span>，则<span
+lang=EN-US>BIOS </span>就会跳过内存检测过程而执行热启动（<span lang=EN-US>Warm-boot</span>）过程。 如果若该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ִ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>Cold-boot</span>�����̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>值为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则执行冷启动（<span
+lang=EN-US>Cold-boot</span>）过程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>594</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> reboot:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>595</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call kb_wait&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���ȵȴ����̿��������뻺�����ա�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>首先等待键盘控制器输入缓冲器空。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>596</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movw
 $0x1234,0x472&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/*
-don't do memory check */ /* </span>������ڴ� <span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+don't do memory check */ /* </span>不检测内存 <span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>597</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movb $0xfc,%al &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/*
@@ -37692,11 +37692,11 @@ pulse reset and A20 low */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>598</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; outb %al,$0x64&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��ϵͳ��λ���ź�<span lang=EN-US>A20</span>����������塣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>向系统复位引脚和<span lang=EN-US>A20</span>线输出负脉冲。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>599</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> die:&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;jmp die&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ͣ����</p>
+// </span>停机。</p>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -37714,7 +37714,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447994"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447398"></a><a name="_Toc53320629"><span lang=EN-US>10.2 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>10-2 linux/kernel/chr_drv/console.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>10-2 linux/kernel/chr_drv/console.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -37778,7 +37778,7 @@ Chars, and VT100 enhancements by Peter MacDonald.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ģ��ʵ�ֿ���̨�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该模块实现控制台输入输出功能</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 'void
 con_init(void)'</span></p>
@@ -37786,20 +37786,20 @@ con_init(void)'</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 'void con_write(struct tty_queue * queue)'</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ϣ������һ���ǳ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>VT102</span>ʵ�֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>希望这是一个非常完整的<span
+lang=EN-US>VT102</span>实现。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��л<span
-lang=EN-US>John T Kohl </span>ʵ���˷���ָʾ�ӳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>感谢<span
+lang=EN-US>John T Kohl </span>实现了蜂鸣指示子程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������̨����Ļ������������Ļ��������ɫ������ͼ���ַ���ʾ�Լ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>虚拟控制台、屏幕黑屏处理、屏幕拷贝、彩色处理、图形字符显示以及</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * VT100</span>�ն���ǿ������<span
-lang=EN-US>Peter MacDonald</span>���ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * VT100</span>终端增强操作由<span
+lang=EN-US>Peter MacDonald</span>编制。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;*/</span></p>
 
@@ -37823,13 +37823,13 @@ interrupt, as we use trap-gates. Hopefully all is well.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע��<span
-lang=EN-US>!!! </span>������ʱ���ݵؽ�ֹ�������жϣ������һ����<span lang=EN-US>(word) </span>����Ƶ<span
-lang=EN-US>IO</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意<span
+lang=EN-US>!!! </span>我们有时短暂地禁止和允许中断（当输出一个字<span lang=EN-US>(word) </span>到视频<span
+lang=EN-US>IO</span>），但</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ʹ���ڼ����ж���Ҳ�ǿ��Թ����ġ���Ϊ����ʹ�������ţ���������֪���ڴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>即使对于键盘中断这也是可以工作的。因为我们使用陷阱门，所以我们知道在处理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>һ�������жϹ����ڼ��ж��Ǳ���ֹ�ġ�ϣ��һ�о�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>一个键盘中断过程期间中断是被禁止的。希望一切均正常。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -37847,8 +37847,8 @@ Code to check for different video-cards mostly by Galen Hunt,</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;* </span>��ⲻͬ��ʾ���Ĵ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>Galen Hunt</span>��д�ģ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;* </span>检测不同显示卡的大多数代码是<span
+lang=EN-US>Galen Hunt</span>编写的，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*
 &lt;g-hunt@ee.utah.edu&gt;</span></p>
@@ -37858,44 +37858,44 @@ lang=EN-US>Galen Hunt</span>��д�ģ�</p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�����������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/tty.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>ͷ�ļ��������й�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_io</span>������ͨ�ŷ���Ĳ�����������</p>
+#include &lt;linux/tty.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>头文件，定义有关<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_io</span>，串行通信方面的参数、常数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/config.h&gt; // </span>�ں�����ͷ�ļ�������Ӳ�����ͣ�<span lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>����ѡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/config.h&gt; // </span>内核配置头文件。定义硬盘类型（<span lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>）可选项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // io</span>ͷ�ļ�������Ӳ���˿�����<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>���������䡣</p>
+#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // io</span>头文件。定义硬件端口输入<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>输出宏汇编语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ����������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵȵĻ��ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等的汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
-#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���ͷ�ļ�����Ҫ������һЩ�й��ַ���������Ƕ�뺯����</p>
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串头文件。主要定义了一些有关字符串操作的嵌入函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�÷��ų��������ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>IO</span>�ṹ��Ĭ�����ݡ����з��ų��������<span lang=EN-US>include/termios.h</span>�ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该符号常量定义终端<span
+lang=EN-US>IO</span>结构的默认数据。其中符号常数请参照<span lang=EN-US>include/termios.h</span>文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEF_TERMIOS</span></u> \</span></p>
@@ -37940,41 +37940,41 @@ These are set up by the setup-routine at boot-time:</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Щ��<span
-lang=EN-US>setup</span>��������������ϵͳʱ���õĲ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>这些是<span
+lang=EN-US>setup</span>程序在引导启动系统时设置的参数：</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�μ���<span lang=EN-US>boot/setup.s</span>��ע�ͺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>setup</span>�����ȡ��������ϵͳ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参见对<span lang=EN-US>boot/setup.s</span>的注释和<span
+lang=EN-US>setup</span>程序读取并保留的系统参数表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ORIG_X</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-(*(unsigned char *)0x90000)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ����кš�</p>
+(*(unsigned char *)0x90000)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>初始光标列号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ORIG_Y</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-(*(unsigned char *)0x90001)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ����кš�</p>
+(*(unsigned char *)0x90001)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>初始光标行号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ORIG_VIDEO_PAGE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-(*(unsigned short *)0x90004)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ��ʾҳ�档</p>
+(*(unsigned short *)0x90004)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>初始显示页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ORIG_VIDEO_MODE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ((*(unsigned short *)0x90006) &amp; 0xff) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��ʾģʽ��</p>
+</span>显示模式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ORIG_VIDEO_COLS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-(((*(unsigned short *)0x90006) &amp; 0xff00) &gt;&gt; 8) // </span>��Ļ������</p>
+(((*(unsigned short *)0x90006) &amp; 0xff00) &gt;&gt; 8) // </span>屏幕列数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ORIG_VIDEO_LINES</span></u>&nbsp;
 ((*(unsigned short *)0x9000e) &amp; 0xff)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��Ļ������</p>
+// </span>屏幕行数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ORIG_VIDEO_EGA_AX</span></u> (*(unsigned
@@ -37982,89 +37982,89 @@ short *)0x90008)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // [??]</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ORIG_VIDEO_EGA_BX</span></u> (*(unsigned
-short *)0x9000a)&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��ʾ�ڴ��С��ɫ��ģʽ��</p>
+short *)0x9000a)&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>显示内存大小和色彩模式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ORIG_VIDEO_EGA_CX</span></u> (*(unsigned
-short *)0x9000c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ�����Բ�����</p>
+short *)0x9000c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>显示卡特性参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʾ����ɫ<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>��ɫ��ʾģʽ���ͷ��ų�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义显示器单色<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>彩色显示模式类型符号常数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VIDEO_TYPE_MDA</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Monochrome Text Display&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*/</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>��ɫ�ı�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
+*/</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>单色文本<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VIDEO_TYPE_CGA</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x11&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* CGA
 Display&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*/</i></b>&nbsp; /* CGA</span>��ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; */</span></p>
+*/</i></b>&nbsp; /* CGA</span>显示器<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VIDEO_TYPE_EGAM</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* EGA/VGA in Monochrome Mode&nbsp; */</i></b>&nbsp;
-/* EGA/VGA</span>��ɫ<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+/* EGA/VGA</span>单色<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VIDEO_TYPE_EGAC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x21&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* EGA/VGA in Color
-Mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</i></b>&nbsp; /* EGA/VGA</span>��ɫ<span
+Mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</i></b>&nbsp; /* EGA/VGA</span>彩色<span
 lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NPAR</span></u> 16&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ת���ַ�������������������</p>
+// </span>转义字符序列中最大参数个数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_CONSOLES</span></u> = 0; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>ϵͳʵ��֧�ֵ��������̨������</p>
+</span>系统实际支持的虚拟控制台数量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>keyboard_interrupt</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����жϴ�������<span lang=EN-US>keyboard.S</span>����</p>
+// </span>键盘中断处理程序（<span lang=EN-US>keyboard.S</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Щ��̬�����Ǳ��ļ�������ʹ�õ�һЩȫ�ֱ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下这些静态变量是本文件函数中使用的一些全局变量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
 video_type;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>ʹ�õ���ʾ���ͣ�</p>
+</span>使用的显示类型；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-video_num_columns;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��Ļ�ı�������</p>
+video_num_columns;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>屏幕文本列数；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-video_mem_base;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>������ʾ�ڴ����ַ��</p>
+video_mem_base;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>物理显示内存基地址；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // video_mem_term;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>������ʾ�ڴ�ĩ�˵�ַ��</p>
+</span>物理显示内存末端地址；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-video_size_row;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��Ļÿ��ʹ�õ��ֽ�����</p>
+video_size_row;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>屏幕每行使用的字节数；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-video_num_lines;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��Ļ�ı�������</p>
+video_num_lines;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>屏幕文本行数；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
 video_page;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>������ʾҳ�棻</p>
+</span>初试显示页面；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-video_port_reg;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��ʾ����ѡ��Ĵ����˿ڣ�</p>
+video_port_reg;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>显示控制选择寄存器端口；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-video_port_val;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��ʾ�������ݼĴ����˿ڡ�</p>
+video_port_val;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>显示控制数据寄存器端口。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>
 static unsigned char&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>video_type</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -38110,50 +38110,50 @@ static unsigned short&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>video_port_val</sp
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u> static
 int <u><span style='color:blue'>can_do_colour</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��־����ʹ�ò�ɫ���ܡ�</p>
+// </span>标志：可使用彩色功能。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������̨�ṹ�����а���һ���������̨�ĵ�ǰ������Ϣ������<span
-lang=EN-US>vc_origin</span>��<span lang=EN-US>vc_scr_end</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>虚拟控制台结构。其中包含一个虚拟控制台的当前所有信息。其中<span
+lang=EN-US>vc_origin</span>和<span lang=EN-US>vc_scr_end</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ǵ�ǰ���ڴ������������ִ̨�п��ٹ�������ʱʹ�õ���ʼ�к�ĩ�ж�Ӧ����ʾ�ڴ�λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是当前正在处理的虚拟控制台执行快速滚屏操作时使用的起始行和末行对应的显示内存位置。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // vc_video_mem_start</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>vc_video_mem_end</span>�ǵ�ǰ�������̨ʹ�õ���ʾ�ڴ����򲿷֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // vc_video_mem_start</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>vc_video_mem_end</span>是当前虚拟控制台使用的显示内存区域部分。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // vc -- Virtual Console</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // vc -- Virtual Console</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>
 static struct {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-unsigned short&nbsp; vc_video_erase_char;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ����Լ��ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x0720</span>��</p>
+unsigned short&nbsp; vc_video_erase_char;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>擦除字符属性及字符（<span
+lang=EN-US>0x0720</span>）</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned char&nbsp;&nbsp; vc_attr;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ַ����ԡ�</p>
+// </span>字符属性。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned char&nbsp;&nbsp; vc_def_attr;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ĭ���ַ����ԡ�</p>
+// </span>默认字符属性。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-vc_bold_attr;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ����ԡ�</p>
+vc_bold_attr;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>粗体字符属性。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned long&nbsp;&nbsp; vc_ques;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ʺ��ַ���</p>
+// </span>问号字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned long&nbsp;&nbsp; vc_state;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ת���������еĵ�ǰ״̬��</p>
+// </span>处理转义或控制序列的当前状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned long&nbsp;&nbsp; vc_restate;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ת���������е���һ״̬��</p>
+// </span>处理转义或控制序列的下一状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned
@@ -38174,21 +38174,21 @@ vc_scr_end;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>103</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned
 long&nbsp;&nbsp; vc_pos;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ����Ӧ����ʾ�ڴ�λ�á�</p>
+// </span>当前光标对应的显示内存位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned
 long&nbsp;&nbsp; vc_x,vc_y;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ����С���ֵ��</p>
+// </span>当前光标列、行值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned
-long&nbsp;&nbsp; vc_top,vc_bottom;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱ�����кţ������кš�</p>
+long&nbsp;&nbsp; vc_top,vc_bottom;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>滚动时顶行行号；底行行号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned
 long&nbsp;&nbsp; vc_npar,vc_par[<u><span style='color:blue'>NPAR</span></u>];&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ת�����в��������Ͳ������顣</p>
+// </span>转义序列参数个数和参数数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>107</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned
@@ -38203,21 +38203,21 @@ End of video RAM (sort of)&nbsp;&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>109</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned
 int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; vc_saved_x;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ĺ���кš�</p>
+// </span>保存的光标列号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned
 int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; vc_saved_y;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ĺ���кš�</p>
+// </span>保存的光标行号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>111</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned int &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;vc_iscolor;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ɫ��ʾ��־��</p>
+// </span>彩色显示标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>112</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; char
 *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; vc_translate;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ʹ�õ��ַ�����</p>
+// </span>使用的字符集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> } <u><span style='color:blue'>vc_cons</span></u> [<u><span
@@ -38226,18 +38226,18 @@ style='color:blue'>MAX_CONSOLES</span></u>];</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ�˱������ã����¶��嵱ǰ���ڴ�������̨��Ϣ�ķ��š�����ͬ�ϡ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>currcons</span>��ʹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为了便于引用，以下定义当前正在处理控制台信息的符号。含义同上。其中<span
+lang=EN-US>currcons</span>是使用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // vc_cons[]</span>�ṹ�ĺ��������еĵ�ǰ�����ն˺š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // vc_cons[]</span>结构的函数参数中的当前虚拟终端号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>115</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>origin</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-(<u><span style='color:blue'>vc_cons</span></u>[currcons].vc_origin)&nbsp; // </span>���ٹ���������ʼ�ڴ�λ�á�</p>
+(<u><span style='color:blue'>vc_cons</span></u>[currcons].vc_origin)&nbsp; // </span>快速滚屏操作起始内存位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>scr_end</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-(<u><span style='color:blue'>vc_cons</span></u>[currcons].vc_scr_end) // </span>���ٹ�������ĩ���ڴ�λ�á�</p>
+(<u><span style='color:blue'>vc_cons</span></u>[currcons].vc_scr_end) // </span>快速滚屏操作末端内存位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -38301,12 +38301,12 @@ lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>translate</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>132</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>video_mem_start</span></u> (<u><span
-style='color:blue'>vc_cons</span></u>[currcons].vc_video_mem_start)&nbsp; // </span>ʹ���Դ����ʼλ�á�</p>
+style='color:blue'>vc_cons</span></u>[currcons].vc_video_mem_start)&nbsp; // </span>使用显存的起始位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>video_mem_end</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (<u><span style='color:blue'>vc_cons</span></u>[currcons].vc_video_mem_end)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ʹ���Դ��ĩ��λ�á�</p>
+// </span>使用显存的末端位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>def_attr</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -38326,18 +38326,18 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>blankinterval</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�趨����Ļ�������ʱ�䡣</p>
+// </span>设定的屏幕黑屏间隔时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>blankcount</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʱ�������</p>
+// </span>黑屏时间计数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>sysbeep</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ϵͳ����������</p>
+// </span>系统蜂鸣函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -38356,23 +38356,23 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������ն˻�Ӧ<span
-lang=EN-US>ESC-Z</span>��<span lang=EN-US>csi0c</span>�����Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>=vt100</span>��Ӧ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面是终端回应<span
+lang=EN-US>ESC-Z</span>或<span lang=EN-US>csi0c</span>请求的应答（<span lang=EN-US>=vt100</span>响应）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // csi - </span>��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>(Control Sequence Introducer)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // csi - </span>控制序列引导码<span
+lang=EN-US>(Control Sequence Introducer)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͨ�����Ͳ��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���豸���ԣ�<span lang=EN-US>DA</span>���������У� <span lang=EN-US>'ESC
-[c' </span>�� <span lang=EN-US>'ESC [0c' </span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>主机通过发送不带参数或参数是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的设备属性（<span lang=EN-US>DA</span>）控制序列（ <span lang=EN-US>'ESC
+[c' </span>或 <span lang=EN-US>'ESC [0c' </span>）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ҫ���ն�Ӧ��һ���豸���Կ������У�<span
-lang=EN-US>ESC Z</span>�����������ͬ�����ն�����������������Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>要求终端应答一个设备属性控制序列（<span
+lang=EN-US>ESC Z</span>的作用与此相同），终端则发送以下序列来响应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������У��� <span
-lang=EN-US>'ESC [?1;2c' </span>����ʾ�ն��Ǿ��и߼���Ƶ���ܵ�<span lang=EN-US>VT100</span>�����նˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>主机。该序列（即 <span
+lang=EN-US>'ESC [?1;2c' </span>）表示终端是具有高级视频功能的<span lang=EN-US>VT100</span>兼容终端。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>RESPONSE</span></u> <i>&quot;\033[?1;2c&quot;</i></span></p>
@@ -38380,10 +38380,10 @@ lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>RESPONSE</span></u> <i>&quot;\03
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʹ�õ��ַ����������ϰ벿��ʱ��ͨ<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>����<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>���룬��<span lang=EN-US>US</span>�ַ������°벿�ֶ�Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义使用的字符集。其中上半部分时普通<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>比特<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>代码，即<span lang=EN-US>US</span>字符集。下半部分对应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // VT100</span>�ն��豸�е������ַ�������ʾͼ���������ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // VT100</span>终端设备中的线条字符，即显示图表线条的字符集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static char * <u><span style='color:blue'>translations</span></u>[]
@@ -38438,28 +38438,28 @@ style='color:blue'>translations</span></u>[1])</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ٹ�굱ǰλ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>跟踪光标当前位置。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>currcons
-- </span>��ǰ�����ն˺ţ�<span lang=EN-US>new_x - </span>��������кţ�<span lang=EN-US>new_y
-- </span>��������кš�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>currcons
+- </span>当前虚拟终端号；<span lang=EN-US>new_x - </span>光标所在列号；<span lang=EN-US>new_y
+- </span>光标所在行号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���µ�ǰ���λ�ñ��� <span
-lang=EN-US>x,y</span>���������������ʾ�ڴ��еĶ�Ӧλ�� <span lang=EN-US>pos</span>���ú��������ȼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>更新当前光标位置变量 <span
+lang=EN-US>x,y</span>，并修正光标在显示内存中的对应位置 <span lang=EN-US>pos</span>。该函数会首先检查</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ч�ԡ���������Ĺ���кų�����ʾ��������������߹���кŲ�������ʾ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数的有效性。如果给定的光标列号超出显示器最大列数，或者光标行号不低于显示的最大</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������˳�������͸��µ�ǰ���������¹��λ�ö�Ӧ����ʾ�ڴ���λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pos</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>行数，则退出。否则就更新当前光标变量和新光标位置对应在显示内存中位置<span
+lang=EN-US>pos</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>ע�⣬�����е����б���ʵ������<span
-lang=EN-US>vc_cons[currcons]</span>�ṹ�е���Ӧ�ֶΡ����º�����ͬ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>注意，函数中的所有变量实际上是<span
+lang=EN-US>vc_cons[currcons]</span>结构中的相应字段。以下函数相同。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* NOTE! gotoxy thinks x==video_num_columns is ok */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ע�⣡<span lang=EN-US>gotoxy</span>������Ϊ
-<span lang=EN-US>x==video_num_columns </span>ʱ����ȷ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>注意！<span lang=EN-US>gotoxy</span>函数认为
+<span lang=EN-US>x==video_num_columns </span>时是正确的<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>gotoxy</span></u>(int
@@ -38489,8 +38489,8 @@ style='color:blue'>y</span></u> = new_y;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>pos</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>origin</span></u>
 + <u><span style='color:blue'>y</span></u>*<u><span style='color:blue'>video_size_row</span></u>
-+ (<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>&lt;&lt;1);&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>���ֽڱ�ʾ������<span lang=EN-US>x&lt;&lt;1</span>��</p>
++ (<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>&lt;&lt;1);&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1</span>列用<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个字节表示，所以<span lang=EN-US>x&lt;&lt;1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>172</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -38498,10 +38498,10 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>173</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ù�����ʼ��ʾ�ڴ��ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>设置滚屏起始显示内存地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ٴ����ѣ������б��������϶���<span
-lang=EN-US> vc_cons[currcons] </span>�ṹ�е���Ӧ�ֶΡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再次提醒，函数中变量基本上都是<span
+lang=EN-US> vc_cons[currcons] </span>结构中的相应字段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>174</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>set_origin</span></u>(int
@@ -38510,18 +38510,18 @@ currcons)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ж���ʾ�����͡� ����<span
-lang=EN-US> EGA/VGA </span>�������ǿ���ָ�������з�Χ�����򣩽��й���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断显示卡类型。 对于<span
+lang=EN-US> EGA/VGA </span>卡，我们可以指定屏内行范围（区域）进行滚屏操作，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>MDA</span>��ɫ��ʾ��ֻ�ܽ��������������������ֻ��<span
-lang=EN-US> EGA/VGA </span>������Ҫ���ù�����ʼ����ʾ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>而<span lang=EN-US>MDA</span>单色显示卡只能进行整屏滚屏操作。因此只有<span
+lang=EN-US> EGA/VGA </span>卡才需要设置滚屏起始行显示</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ��ַ����ʼ���� <span
-lang=EN-US>origin </span>��Ӧ���У�������ʾ�����������<span lang=EN-US> EGA/VGA </span>��ɫģʽ��Ҳ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存地址（起始行是 <span
+lang=EN-US>origin </span>对应的行）。即显示类型如果不是<span lang=EN-US> EGA/VGA </span>彩色模式，也不是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // EGA/VGA</span>��ɫģʽ����ô��ֱ�ӷ��ء����⣬����ֻ��ǰ̨����̨���в�������˵�ǰ����̨</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // EGA/VGA</span>单色模式，那么就直接返回。另外，我们只对前台控制台进行操作，因此当前控制台</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // currcons</span>������ǰ̨����̨ʱ�����ǲ���Ҫ�����������ʼ�ж�Ӧ���ڴ����λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // currcons</span>必须是前台控制台时，我们才需要设置其滚屏起始行对应的内存起点位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -38540,24 +38540,24 @@ style='color:blue'>fg_console</span></u>)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>179</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ������ʾ�Ĵ���ѡ��˿�<span
-lang=EN-US>video_port_reg</span>���<span lang=EN-US>12</span>����ѡ����ʾ�������ݼĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>r12</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后向显示寄存器选择端口<span
+lang=EN-US>video_port_reg</span>输出<span lang=EN-US>12</span>，即选择显示控制数据寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>r12</span>，接着</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>д�������ʼ��ַ���ֽڡ����������ƶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>9</span>λ��ʵ���ϱ�ʾ�����ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>8</span>λ�ٳ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����Ļ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>写入滚屏起始地址高字节。其中向右移动<span
+lang=EN-US>9</span>位，实际上表示向右移动<span lang=EN-US>8</span>位再除以<span lang=EN-US>2</span>（屏幕上<span
 lang=EN-US>1</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ַ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽڱ�ʾ������ѡ����ʾ�������ݼĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>r13</span>��Ȼ��д�������ʼ��ַ���ֽڡ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个字符用<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字节表示）。再选择显示控制数据寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>r13</span>，然后写入滚屏起始地址低字节。向</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>λ��ʾ����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��ͬ��������Ļ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���ַ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽڱ�ʾ�����ֵ�����Ĭ����ʾ�ڴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>右移动<span lang=EN-US>1</span>位表示除以<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>，同样代表屏幕上<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个字符用<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字节表示。输出值相对于默认显示内存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼλ��<span lang=EN-US>video_mem_base</span>���в������������
-<span lang=EN-US>EGA/VGA </span>��ɫģʽ��<span lang=EN-US>viedo_mem_base = </span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>起始位置<span lang=EN-US>video_mem_base</span>进行操作，例如对于
+<span lang=EN-US>EGA/VGA </span>彩色模式，<span lang=EN-US>viedo_mem_base = </span>物理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ��ַ<span lang=EN-US>0xb8000</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存地址<span lang=EN-US>0xb8000</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>180</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -38566,7 +38566,7 @@ style='color:blue'>cli</span></u>();</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>181</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(12, <u><span style='color:blue'>video_port_reg</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ѡ�����ݼĴ���<span lang=EN-US>r12</span>�����������ʼλ�ø��ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>选择数据寄存器<span lang=EN-US>r12</span>，输出滚屏起始位置高字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -38577,7 +38577,7 @@ style='color:blue'>video_port_val</span></u>);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>183</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(13, <u><span style='color:blue'>video_port_reg</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ѡ�����ݼĴ���<span lang=EN-US>r13</span>�����������ʼλ�õ��ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>选择数据寄存器<span lang=EN-US>r13</span>，输出滚屏起始位置低字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>184</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -38595,11 +38595,11 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>187</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���Ͼ���һ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>向上卷动一行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ļ�������������ƶ�һ�У�������Ļ��������׳��ֵ����������ӿո��ַ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将屏幕滚动窗口向下移动一行，并在屏幕滚动区域底出现的新行上添加空格字符。滚屏区域</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�С��μ������б���˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>必须大于<span lang=EN-US>1</span>行。参见程序列表后说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>scrup</span></u>(int
@@ -38608,19 +38608,19 @@ currcons)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�С�������������кŴ��ڵ���������кţ���������й��в���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>滚屏区域必须起码有<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>行。如果滚屏区域顶行号大于等于区域底行号，则不满足进行滚行操作</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������⣬����<span
-lang=EN-US>EGA/VGA</span>�������ǿ���ָ�������з�Χ�����򣩽��й�����������<span lang=EN-US>MDA</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的条件。另外，对于<span
+lang=EN-US>EGA/VGA</span>卡，我们可以指定屏内行范围（区域）进行滚屏操作，而<span lang=EN-US>MDA</span>单</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɫ��ʾ��ֻ�ܽ������������������ú�����<span
-lang=EN-US>EGA</span>��<span lang=EN-US>MDA</span>��ʾ���ͽ��зֱ����������ʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>色显示卡只能进行整屏滚屏操作。该函数对<span
+lang=EN-US>EGA</span>和<span lang=EN-US>MDA</span>显示类型进行分别处理。如果显示类型</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US> EGA</span>���򻹷�Ϊ���������ƶ��������ڴ����ƶ����������ȴ�����ʾ����<span
-lang=EN-US>EGA/VGA</span>��ʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是<span lang=EN-US> EGA</span>，则还分为整屏窗口移动和区域内窗口移动。这里首先处理显示卡是<span
+lang=EN-US>EGA/VGA</span>显示类型</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的情况。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -38639,17 +38639,17 @@ style='color:blue'>VIDEO_TYPE_EGAM</span></u>)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ƶ���ʼ��<span
-lang=EN-US>top=0</span>���ƶ������ <span lang=EN-US>bottom = video_num_lines = 25</span>�����ʾ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果移动起始行<span
+lang=EN-US>top=0</span>，移动最底行 <span lang=EN-US>bottom = video_num_lines = 25</span>，则表示整屏窗口向下</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ƶ������ǰ�������Ļ�������ϽǶ�Ӧ����ʼ�ڴ�λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>origin </span>����Ϊ������һ�ж�Ӧ���ڴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>移动。于是把整个屏幕窗口左上角对应的起始内存位置<span
+lang=EN-US>origin </span>调整为向下移一行对应的内存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ�ã�ͬʱҲ���ٵ�����ǰ����Ӧ���ڴ�λ���Լ���Ļĩ��ĩ���ַ�ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>scr_end</span>��λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位置，同时也跟踪调整当前光标对应的内存位置以及屏幕末行末端字符指针<span
+lang=EN-US>scr_end</span>的位置。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ļ�����ڴ���ʼλ��ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>origin</span>д����ʾ�������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后把新屏幕窗口内存起始位置值<span
+lang=EN-US>origin</span>写入显示控制器中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -38670,33 +38670,33 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>scr_end</span></u> += <u><span style='color:blue'>video_size_row</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ļ����ĩ������Ӧ����ʾ�ڴ�ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>scr_end </span>������ʵ����ʾ�ڴ�ĩ�ˣ�����Ļ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果屏幕窗口末端所对应的显示内存指针<span
+lang=EN-US>scr_end </span>超出了实际显示内存末端，则将屏幕内容</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һ�����������ж�Ӧ���ڴ������ƶ�����ʾ�ڴ����ʼλ��<span
-lang=EN-US>video_mem_start</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>除第一行以外所有行对应的内存数据移动到显示内存的起始位置<span
+lang=EN-US>video_mem_start</span>处，并在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������ƶ����ֵ�����������ո��ַ���Ȼ�������Ļ�ڴ������ƶ�������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>整屏窗口向下移动出现的新行上填入空格字符。然后根据屏幕内存数据移动后的情况，重新</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ǰ��Ļ��Ӧ�ڴ����ʼָ�롢���λ��ָ�����Ļĩ�˶�Ӧ�ڴ�ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>scr_end</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>调整当前屏幕对应内存的起始指针、光标位置指针和屏幕末端对应内存指针<span
+lang=EN-US>scr_end</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ƕ����������Ƚ�����Ļ�ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US> - 1</span>���ж�Ӧ���ڴ������ƶ�����ʾ�ڴ���ʼλ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这段嵌入汇编程序首先将（屏幕字符行数<span
+lang=EN-US> - 1</span>）行对应的内存数据移动到显示内存起始位置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // video_mem_start</span>����Ȼ���������ڴ�λ�ô�����һ�пո񣨲������ַ����ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // video_mem_start</span>处，然后在随后的内存位置处添加一行空格（擦除）字符数据。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 -eax(</span>�����ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>+</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 -ecx</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��Ļ�ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>-1)</span>����Ӧ���ַ���<span lang=EN-US>/2</span>���Գ����ƶ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 -eax(</span>擦除字符<span
+lang=EN-US>+</span>属性<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 -ecx</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>屏幕字符行数<span lang=EN-US>-1)</span>所对应的字符数<span lang=EN-US>/2</span>，以长字移动）；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %2 -edi(</span>��ʾ�ڴ���ʼλ��<span
-lang=EN-US>video_mem_start)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%3 -esi(</span>��Ļ�����ڴ���ʼλ��<span
-lang=EN-US>origin)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %2 -edi(</span>显示内存起始位置<span
+lang=EN-US>video_mem_start)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%3 -esi(</span>屏幕窗口内存起始位置<span
+lang=EN-US>origin)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ƶ�����<span lang=EN-US>[edi]</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>[esi]</span>���ƶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ecx</span>�����֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>移动方向：<span lang=EN-US>[edi]</span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>[esi]</span>，移动<span
+lang=EN-US>ecx</span>个长字。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>198</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if
@@ -38705,15 +38705,15 @@ blue'>video_mem_end</span></u>) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>199</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-__asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+__asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>200</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<i>&quot;rep\n\t&quot;</i> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�ظ�����������ǰ��Ļ�ڴ�</p>
+<i>&quot;rep\n\t&quot;</i> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>重复操作，将当前屏幕内存</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>201</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<i>&quot;movsl\n\t&quot;</i> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ƶ�����ʾ�ڴ���ʼ����</p>
+<i>&quot;movsl\n\t&quot;</i> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>数据移动到显示内存起始处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>202</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -38721,7 +38721,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>203</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<i>&quot;rep\n\t&quot;</i> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>������������ո��ַ���</p>
+<i>&quot;rep\n\t&quot;</i> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>在新行上填入空格字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -38762,14 +38762,14 @@ style='color:blue'>video_mem_start</span></u>;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>origin</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>video_mem_start</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������Ļĩ�˶�Ӧ���ڴ�ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>scr_end </span>û�г�����ʾ�ڴ��ĩ�� <span lang=EN-US>video_mem_end</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果调整后的屏幕末端对应的内存指针<span
+lang=EN-US>scr_end </span>没有超出显示内存的末端 <span lang=EN-US>video_mem_end</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֻ������������������ַ����ո��ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则只需在新行上填入擦除字符（空格字符）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 -eax(</span>�����ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>+</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 -ecx(</span>��Ļ����<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 - edi</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�п�ʼ����Ӧ�ڴ�λ�ã���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 -eax(</span>擦除字符<span
+lang=EN-US>+</span>属性<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 -ecx(</span>屏幕行数<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%2 - edi</span>（最后<span lang=EN-US>1</span>行开始处对应内存位置）；</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -38781,12 +38781,12 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>215</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>&quot;rep\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ظ����������³�������</p>
+// </span>重复操作，在新出现行上</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>216</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<i>&quot;stosw&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�ո��ַ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<i>&quot;stosw&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>填入擦除字符<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>空格字符<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>217</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -38809,30 +38809,30 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�������Ļ���������ڴ���ʼλ��ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>origin</span>д����ʾ�������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后把新屏幕滚动窗口内存起始位置值<span
+lang=EN-US>origin</span>写入显示控制器中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>222</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>set_origin</span></u>(currcons);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʾ���������ƶ�������ʾ��ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>top</span>��ʼ��<span lang=EN-US>bottom</span>�����е������������ƶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�У�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则表示不是整屏移动。即表示从指定行<span
+lang=EN-US>top</span>开始到<span lang=EN-US>bottom</span>区域中的所有行向上移动<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>行，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ����<span lang=EN-US>top</span>��ɾ������ʱֱ�ӽ���Ļ��ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>top</span>����Ļĩ�������ж�Ӧ����ʾ�ڴ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指定行<span lang=EN-US>top</span>被删除。此时直接将屏幕从指定行<span
+lang=EN-US>top</span>到屏幕末端所有行对应的显示内存数据向</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�У������������³��ֵ�������������ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>上移动<span lang=EN-US>1</span>行，并在最下面新出现的行上填入擦除字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(</span>�����ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>+</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - ecx(top</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�п�ʼ��<span lang=EN-US>bottom</span>������Ӧ���ڴ泤����<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(</span>擦除字符<span
+lang=EN-US>+</span>属性<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - ecx(top</span>行下<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>行开始到<span lang=EN-US>bottom</span>行所对应的内存长字数<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %2 - edi(top</span>���������ڴ�λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%3 - esi(top+1</span>���������ڴ�λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %2 - edi(top</span>行所处的内存位置<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%3 - esi(top+1</span>行所处的内存位置<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>223</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -38844,13 +38844,13 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>225</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<i>&quot;rep\n\t&quot;</i> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ѭ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>top+1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>bottom</span>��</p>
+<i>&quot;rep\n\t&quot;</i> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>循环操作，将<span
+lang=EN-US>top+1</span>到<span lang=EN-US>bottom</span>行</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>226</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<i>&quot;movsl\n\t&quot;</i> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����Ӧ���ڴ���Ƶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>top</span>�п�ʼ����</p>
+<i>&quot;movsl\n\t&quot;</i> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>所对应的内存块移到<span
+lang=EN-US>top</span>行开始处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>227</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -38859,7 +38859,7 @@ _video_num_columns,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<i>&quot;rep\n\t&quot;</i> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����������������ַ���</p>
+<i>&quot;rep\n\t&quot;</i> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>在新行上填入擦除字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>229</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -38895,14 +38895,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>236</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʾ���Ͳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>EGA</span>������<span lang=EN-US>MDA </span>������ִ�������ƶ���������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>MDA</span>��ʾ���ƿ�ֻ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果显示类型不是<span
+lang=EN-US>EGA</span>（而是<span lang=EN-US>MDA </span>），则执行下面移动操作。因为<span
+lang=EN-US>MDA</span>显示控制卡只能整屏滚</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������һ��Զ�����������ʾ��Χ������������Զ�����ָ�룬�������ﲻ����Ļ���ݶ�Ӧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>动，并且会自动调整超出显示范围的情况，即会自动翻卷指针，所以这里不对屏幕内容对应内</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�泬����ʾ�ڴ�������������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>EGA</span>�������ƶ������ȫһ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>存超出显示内存的情况单独处理。处理方法与<span
+lang=EN-US>EGA</span>非整屏移动情况完全一样。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>237</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -38967,25 +38967,25 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>252</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���¾���һ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>向下卷动一行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ļ�������������ƶ�һ�У���Ӧ��Ļ�����������������ƶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�С������ƶ���ʼ�е���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将屏幕滚动窗口向上移动一行，相应屏幕滚动区域内容向下移动<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>行。并在移动开始行的上</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������һ���С��μ������б���˵��������������
-<span lang=EN-US>scrup()</span>���ƣ�ֻ��Ϊ�����ƶ���ʾ�ڴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>方出现一新行。参见程序列表后说明。处理方法与
+<span lang=EN-US>scrup()</span>相似，只是为了在移动显示内存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱ����������ݸ��ǵ����⣬���Ʋ�������������еģ����ȴ���Ļ������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�е����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数据时不会出现数据覆盖的问题，复制操作是以逆向进行的，即先从屏幕倒数第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>行的最后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ���ַ���ʼ���Ƶ����һ�У��ٽ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>�и��Ƶ�������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�еȵȡ���Ϊ��ʱ��<span lang=EN-US>EGA/</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一个字符开始复制到最后一行，再将倒数第<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>行复制到倒数第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>行等等。因为此时对<span lang=EN-US>EGA/</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // VGA</span>��ʾ���ͺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>MDA</span>���͵Ĵ���������ȫһ�������Ըú���ʵ����û�б�Ҫд������ͬ�Ĵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // VGA</span>显示类型和<span
+lang=EN-US>MDA</span>类型的处理过程完全一样，所以该函数实际上没有必要写两段相同的代</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�롣������<span lang=EN-US>if</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>else</span>�����еĲ�����ȫһ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>码。即这里<span lang=EN-US>if</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>else</span>语句块中的操作完全一样！</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>253</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>scrdown</span></u>(int
@@ -38994,18 +38994,18 @@ currcons)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>254</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͬ���������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�С�������������кŴ��ڵ���������кţ���������й�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>同样，滚屏区域必须起码有<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>行。如果滚屏区域顶行号大于等于区域底行号，则不满足进行滚</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�в��������������⣬����<span
-lang=EN-US>EGA/VGA</span>�������ǿ���ָ�������з�Χ�����򣩽��й�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>行操作的条件。另外，对于<span
+lang=EN-US>EGA/VGA</span>卡，我们可以指定屏内行范围（区域）进行滚屏操作，而</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // MDA</span>��ɫ��ʾ��ֻ�ܽ��������������������ڴ��������ƶ�����ƶ�����ǰ����̨ռ����ʾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // MDA</span>单色显示卡只能进行整屏滚屏操作。由于窗口向上移动最多移动到当前控制台占用显示区</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڴ����ʼλ�ã���˲��ᷢ����Ļ����ĩ������Ӧ����ʾ�ڴ�ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>scr_end</span>����ʵ����ʾ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>域内存的起始位置，因此不会发生屏幕窗口末端所对应的显示内存指针<span
+lang=EN-US>scr_end</span>超出实际显示</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ�ĩ�˵��������������ֻ��Ҫ������ͨ���ڴ������ƶ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存末端的情况，所以这里只需要处理普通的内存数据移动情况。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>255</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -39024,32 +39024,32 @@ style='color:blue'>VIDEO_TYPE_EGAM</span></u>)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>258</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(</span>�����ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>+</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - ecx(top</span>�е�<span
-lang=EN-US> bottom-1 </span>�е���������Ӧ���ڴ泤����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(</span>擦除字符<span
+lang=EN-US>+</span>属性<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - ecx(top</span>行到<span
+lang=EN-US> bottom-1 </span>行的行数所对应的内存长字数<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %2 - edi(</span>�������½����һ������λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%3 - esi(</span>���ڵ�����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�����һ������λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %2 - edi(</span>窗口右下角最后一个长字位置<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%3 - esi(</span>窗口倒数第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>行最后一个长字位置<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ƶ�����<span lang=EN-US>[esi]</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>[edi]</span>���ƶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ecx</span>�����֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>移动方向：<span lang=EN-US>[esi]</span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>[edi]</span>，移动<span
+lang=EN-US>ecx</span>个长字。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>259</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 __asm__(<i>&quot;std\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�÷���λ����</p>
+// </span>置方向位！！</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>260</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;rep\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ظ������������ƶ���<span lang=EN-US>top</span>�е�</p>
+// </span>重复操作，向下移动从<span lang=EN-US>top</span>行到</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>261</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;movsl\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// bottom-1</span>�ж�Ӧ���ڴ����ݡ�</p>
+// bottom-1</span>行对应的内存数据。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>262</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -39057,7 +39057,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 by 4 */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* %edi</span>�Ѽ�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>����Ҳ�Ƿ���������ַ�<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+/* %edi</span>已减<span lang=EN-US>4</span>，因也是反向填擦除字符<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>263</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -39067,7 +39067,7 @@ _video_num_columns,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>264</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;rep\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ַ������Ϸ������С�</p>
+// </span>将擦除字符填入上方新行中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>265</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -39099,7 +39099,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>271</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>EGA</span>��ʾ���ͣ���ִ�����²�������������ȫһ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果不是<span lang=EN-US>EGA</span>显示类型，则执行以下操作（与上面完全一样）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>272</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;else&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -39169,15 +39169,15 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>288</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ͬ��λ������һ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>光标在同列位置下移一行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������û�д������һ���ϣ���ֱ���޸Ĺ�굱ǰ�б���<span
-lang=EN-US>y++</span>������������Ӧ��ʾ�ڴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果光标没有处在最后一行上，则直接修改光标当前行变量<span
+lang=EN-US>y++</span>，并调整光标对应显示内存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ��<span lang=EN-US>pos</span>������һ���ַ�����Ӧ���ڴ泤�ȣ����������Ҫ����Ļ������������һ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位置<span lang=EN-US>pos</span>（加上一行字符所对应的内存长度）。否则就需要将屏幕窗口内容上移一行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>lf</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>line feed </span>���У���ָ���������ַ�<span lang=EN-US>LF</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数名称<span lang=EN-US>lf</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>line feed </span>换行）是指处理控制字符<span lang=EN-US>LF</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>289</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>lf</span></u>(int currcons)</span></p>
@@ -39197,7 +39197,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>293</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u> += <u><span style='color:blue'>video_size_row</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������Ļһ��ռ���ڴ���ֽ�����</p>
+// </span>加上屏幕一行占用内存的字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>294</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -39209,7 +39209,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>296</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>scrup</span></u>(currcons);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;// </span>����Ļ������������һ�С�</p>
+&nbsp;// </span>将屏幕窗口内容上移一行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>297</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -39217,16 +39217,16 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>298</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ͬ������һ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>光标在同列上移一行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����겻����Ļ��һ���ϣ���ֱ���޸Ĺ�굱ǰ�б���<span
-lang=EN-US>y--</span>������������Ӧ��ʾ�ڴ�λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果光标不在屏幕第一行上，则直接修改光标当前行标量<span
+lang=EN-US>y--</span>，并调整光标对应显示内存位置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pos</span>����ȥ��Ļ��һ���ַ�����Ӧ���ڴ泤���ֽ�����������Ҫ����Ļ������������һ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pos</span>，减去屏幕上一行字符所对应的内存长度字节数。否则需要将屏幕窗口内容下移一行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>ri</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>reverse index </span>������������ָ�����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>RI</span>��ת�����С�<span
-lang=EN-US>ESC M</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数名称<span lang=EN-US>ri</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>reverse index </span>反向索引）是指控制字符<span lang=EN-US>RI</span>或转义序列“<span
+lang=EN-US>ESC M</span>”。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>299</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>ri</span></u>(int currcons)</span></p>
@@ -39246,7 +39246,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>303</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u> -= <u><span style='color:blue'>video_size_row</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ȥ��Ļһ��ռ���ڴ���ֽ�����</p>
+// </span>减去屏幕一行占用内存的字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>304</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -39258,7 +39258,7 @@ lang=EN-US> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>306</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>scrdown</span></u>(currcons);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ļ������������һ�С�</p>
+// </span>将屏幕窗口内容下移一行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>307</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -39266,14 +39266,14 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>308</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ص���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�У�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>光标回到第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>列（<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>列）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ӧ�ڴ�λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pos</span>����������к�<span lang=EN-US>*2 </span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�е���������ж�Ӧ���ڴ��ֽڳ��ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>调整光标对应内存位置<span
+lang=EN-US>pos</span>。光标所在列号<span lang=EN-US>*2 </span>即是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>列到光标所在列对应的内存字节长度。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>cr</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>carriage return </span>�س���ָ�������Ŀ����ַ��ǻس��ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数名称<span lang=EN-US>cr</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>carriage return </span>回车）指明处理的控制字符是回车字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>309</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>cr</span></u>(int currcons)</span></p>
@@ -39284,7 +39284,7 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>311</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>pos</span></u> -= <u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>&lt;&lt;1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ȥ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�е���괦ռ�õ��ڴ��ֽ�����</p>
+// </span>减去<span lang=EN-US>0</span>列到光标处占用的内存字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>312</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -39296,14 +39296,14 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>314</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ǰһ�ַ����ÿո��������<span
-lang=EN-US>del - delete </span>ɾ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>擦除光标前一字符（用空格替代）（<span
+lang=EN-US>del - delete </span>删除）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������û�д���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�У��򽫹���Ӧ�ڴ�λ��<span lang=EN-US>pos</span>����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽڣ���Ӧ��Ļ��һ���ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果光标没有处在<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>列，则将光标对应内存位置<span lang=EN-US>pos</span>后退<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字节（对应屏幕上一个字符），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�󽫵�ǰ��������ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�������������λ�ô��ַ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后将当前光标变量列值减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，并将光标所在位置处字符擦除。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>315</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>del</span></u>(int
@@ -39338,24 +39338,24 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>323</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ɾ����Ļ������λ����صĲ��֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>删除屏幕上与光标位置相关的部分。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ANSI</span>�������У�<span
-lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Ps J'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Ps =0 -</span>ɾ����괦����Ļ�׶ˣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1 -</span>ɾ����Ļ��ʼ����괦��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ANSI</span>控制序列：<span
+lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Ps J'</span>（<span lang=EN-US>Ps =0 -</span>删除光标处到屏幕底端；<span
+lang=EN-US>1 -</span>删除屏幕开始到光标处；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 2 - </span>����ɾ����������������ָ���Ŀ������о������ֵ��ִ������λ����ص�ɾ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 2 - </span>整屏删除）。本函数根据指定的控制序列具体参数值，执行与光标位置相关的删除操作，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڲ����ַ�����ʱ���λ�ò��䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并且在擦除字符或行时光标位置不变。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>csi_J
-</span>��<span lang=EN-US>CSI - Control Sequence Introducer</span>�����������������룩ָ���Կ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数名称<span lang=EN-US>csi_J
+</span>（<span lang=EN-US>CSI - Control Sequence Introducer</span>，即控制序列引导码）指明对控制</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���С�<span lang=EN-US>CSI
-Ps J</span>�����д�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>序列“<span lang=EN-US>CSI
+Ps J</span>”进行处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>vpar
-- </span>��Ӧ�������������<span lang=EN-US>Ps</span>��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>vpar
+- </span>对应上面控制序列中<span lang=EN-US>Ps</span>的值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>324</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>csi_J</span></u>(int
@@ -39367,7 +39367,7 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>326</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;long <u><span
 style='color:blue'>count</span></u> __asm__(<i>&quot;cx&quot;</i>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��Ϊ�Ĵ���������</p>
+// </span>设为寄存器变量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>327</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; long start __asm__(<i>&quot;di&quot;</i>);</span></p>
@@ -39375,7 +39375,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; long start __asm__(<
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>328</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ�����������ֱ�������Ҫɾ�����ַ�����ɾ����ʼ����ʾ�ڴ�λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先根据三种情况分别设置需要删除的字符数和删除开始的显示内存位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>329</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; switch (vpar) {</span></p>
@@ -39388,7 +39388,7 @@ case 0: <b><i>/* erase from cursor to end of display */</i></b></span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>
 = (<u><span style='color:blue'>scr_end</span></u>-<u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u>)&gt;&gt;1;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>������굽��Ļ�׶������ַ�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>擦除光标到屏幕底端所有字符<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>332</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -39405,7 +39405,7 @@ case 1: <b><i>/* erase from start to cursor */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>335</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u> = (<u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u>-<u><span
-style='color:blue'>origin</span></u>)&gt;&gt;1;&nbsp; /* </span>ɾ������Ļ��ʼ����괦���ַ�<span
+style='color:blue'>origin</span></u>)&gt;&gt;1;&nbsp; /* </span>删除从屏幕开始到光标处的字符<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>336</span></u><span
@@ -39418,7 +39418,7 @@ break;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>338</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case 2: <b><i>/* erase whole display */</i></b> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>ɾ��������Ļ�ϵ������ַ�<span
+case 2: <b><i>/* erase whole display */</i></b> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>删除整个屏幕上的所有字符<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>339</span></u><span
@@ -39446,11 +39446,11 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>344</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��ʹ�ò����ַ���д��ɾ���ַ��ĵط���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后使用擦除字符填写被删除字符的地方。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 -ecx(</span>ɾ�����ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>count)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 -edi(</span>ɾ��������ʼ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 -eax</span>������Ĳ����ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 -ecx(</span>删除的字符数<span
+lang=EN-US>count)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 -edi(</span>删除操作开始地址<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%2 -eax</span>（填入的擦除字符）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>345</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i></span></p>
@@ -39481,18 +39481,18 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>352</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ɾ��һ��������λ����صĲ��֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>删除一行上与光标位置相关的部分。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ANSI</span>ת���ַ����У�<span
-lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Ps K'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Ps = 0 </span>ɾ������β��<span
-lang=EN-US>1 </span>�ӿ�ʼɾ����<span lang=EN-US>2 </span>���ж�ɾ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ANSI</span>转义字符序列：<span
+lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Ps K'</span>（<span lang=EN-US>Ps = 0 </span>删除到行尾；<span
+lang=EN-US>1 </span>从开始删除；<span lang=EN-US>2 </span>整行都删除）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ݲ���������������еĲ��ֻ������ַ���������������Ļ�������ַ�����Ӱ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>本函数根据参数擦除光标所在行的部分或所有字符。擦除操作从屏幕上移走字符但不影响其</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ַ����������ַ����������ڲ����ַ�����ʱ���λ�ò��䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>他字符。擦除的字符被丢弃。在擦除字符或行时光标位置不变。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>par
-- </span>��Ӧ�������������<span lang=EN-US>Ps</span>��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>par
+- </span>对应上面控制序列中<span lang=EN-US>Ps</span>的值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>353</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>csi_K</span></u>(int
@@ -39504,7 +39504,7 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>355</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; long <u><span
 style='color:blue'>count</span></u> __asm__(<i>&quot;cx&quot;</i>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���üĴ���������</p>
+// </span>设置寄存器变量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>356</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; long start __asm__(<i>&quot;di&quot;</i>);</span></p>
@@ -39512,7 +39512,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; long start __asm__(<
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>357</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ�����������ֱ�������Ҫɾ�����ַ�����ɾ����ʼ����ʾ�ڴ�λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先根据三种情况分别设置需要删除的字符数和删除开始的显示内存位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>358</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; switch (vpar) {</span></p>
@@ -39524,7 +39524,7 @@ case 0: <b><i>/* erase from cursor to end of line */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>360</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>&gt;=<u><span style='color:blue'>video_num_columns</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>ɾ����굽��β�����ַ� <span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+/* </span>删除光标到行尾所有字符 <span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>361</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -39550,7 +39550,7 @@ case 1: <b><i>/* erase from start of line to cursor */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>366</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;start
 = <u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u> - (<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>&lt;&lt;1);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>ɾ�����п�ʼ����괦<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>删除从行开始到光标处<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>367</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -39565,7 +39565,7 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>369</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 2: <b><i>/* erase whole line */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>�������ַ�ȫɾ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>将整行字符全删除<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>370</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -39591,11 +39591,11 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>375</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��ʹ�ò����ַ���дɾ���ַ��ĵط���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后使用擦除字符填写删除字符的地方。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - ecx(</span>ɾ���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>count)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 -edi(</span>ɾ��������ʼ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 -eax</span>������Ĳ����ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - ecx(</span>删除字符数<span
+lang=EN-US>count)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 -edi(</span>删除操作开始地址<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%2 -eax</span>（填入的擦除字符）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>376</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i></span></p>
@@ -39625,26 +39625,26 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>383</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>������ʾ�ַ����ԡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>设置显示字符属性。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ANSI</span>ת�����У�<span
-lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Ps;Ps m'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Ps = 0 - </span>Ĭ�����ԣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1 - </span>���岢������<span lang=EN-US>4 - </span>�»��ߣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ANSI</span>转义序列：<span
+lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Ps;Ps m'</span>。<span lang=EN-US>Ps = 0 - </span>默认属性；<span
+lang=EN-US>1 - </span>粗体并增亮；<span lang=EN-US>4 - </span>下划线；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 5 - </span>��˸��<span
-lang=EN-US>7 - </span>���ԣ�<span lang=EN-US>22 - </span>�Ǵ��壻<span lang=EN-US>24 -
-</span>���»��ߣ�<span lang=EN-US>25 - </span>����˸��<span lang=EN-US>27 - </span>���ԣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 5 - </span>闪烁；<span
+lang=EN-US>7 - </span>反显；<span lang=EN-US>22 - </span>非粗体；<span lang=EN-US>24 -
+</span>无下划线；<span lang=EN-US>25 - </span>无闪烁；<span lang=EN-US>27 - </span>正显；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 30--38 - </span>����ǰ��ɫ�ʣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>39 - </span>Ĭ��ǰ��ɫ��<span lang=EN-US>White</span>����<span lang=EN-US>40--48
-- </span>���ñ���ɫ�ʣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 30--38 - </span>设置前景色彩；<span
+lang=EN-US>39 - </span>默认前景色（<span lang=EN-US>White</span>）；<span lang=EN-US>40--48
+- </span>设置背景色彩；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 49 - </span>Ĭ�ϱ���ɫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>Black</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 49 - </span>默认背景色（<span
+lang=EN-US>Black</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ÿ������и��ݲ��������ַ���ʾ���ԡ��Ժ����з��͵��ն˵��ַ�����ʹ������ָ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该控制序列根据参数设置字符显示属性。以后所有发送到终端的字符都将使用这里指定的属</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ԣ�ֱ���ٴ�ִ�б������������������ַ���ʾ�����ԡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>性，直到再次执行本控制序列重新设置字符显示的属性。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>384</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>csi_m</span></u>(int currcons )</span></p>
@@ -39658,32 +39658,32 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>387</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ�����������п��Դ��ж����ͬ�����������洢������<span
-lang=EN-US>par[]</span>�С�����͸��ݽ��յ��Ĳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一个控制序列中可以带有多个不同参数。参数存储在数组<span
+lang=EN-US>par[]</span>中。下面就根据接收到的参数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>npar</span>��ѭ��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>Ps</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个数<span lang=EN-US>npar</span>，循环处理各个参数<span
+lang=EN-US>Ps</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>Ps
-= 0</span>����ѵ�ǰ�������̨�����ʾ���ַ���������ΪĬ������<span lang=EN-US>def_attr</span>����ʼ��ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>Ps
+= 0</span>，则把当前虚拟控制台随后显示的字符属性设置为默认属性<span lang=EN-US>def_attr</span>。初始化时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // def_attr</span>�ѱ����ó�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x07</span>���ڵװ��֣���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // def_attr</span>已被设置成<span
+lang=EN-US>0x07</span>（黑底白字）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>Ps
-= 1</span>����ѵ�ǰ�������̨�����ʾ���ַ���������Ϊ�����������ʾ�� ����ǲ�ɫ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>Ps
+= 1</span>，则把当前虚拟控制台随后显示的字符属性设置为粗体或增亮显示。 如果是彩色</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ������ַ����Ի���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x08</span>���ַ���������ʾ������ǵ�ɫ��ʾ�������ַ����»�����ʾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>显示，则把字符属性或上<span
+lang=EN-US>0x08</span>让字符高亮度显示；如果是单色显示，则让字符带下划线显示。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>Ps
-= 4</span>����Բ�ɫ�͵�ɫ��ʾ���в�ͬ�Ĵ���������ʱ���ǲ�ɫ��ʾ��ʽ�������ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>Ps
+= 4</span>，则对彩色和单色显示进行不同的处理。若此时不是彩色显示方式，则让字符带</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�»�����ʾ������ǲ�ɫ��ʾ����ô��ԭ��<span
-lang=EN-US>vc_bold_attr</span>������<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>ʱ�͸�λ�䱳��ɫ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下划线显示。如果是彩色显示，那么若原来<span
+lang=EN-US>vc_bold_attr</span>不等于<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>时就复位其背景色；否则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ļ��Ͱ�ǰ��ɫȡ������ȡ����ǰ��ɫ�뱳��ɫ��ͬ���Ͱ�ǰ��ɫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��ȡ��һ����ɫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的话就把前景色取反。若取反后前景色与背景色相同，就把前景色增<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>而取另一种颜色。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>388</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0;i&lt;=<u><span
@@ -39719,7 +39719,7 @@ if (!<u><span style='color:blue'>iscolor</span></u>)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>395</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>attr</span></u> |= 0x01;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ɫ����»�����ʾ��</p>
+// </span>单色则带下划线显示。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>396</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -39774,30 +39774,30 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>Ps
-= 5</span>����ѵ�ǰ�������̨�����ʾ���ַ�����Ϊ��˸�����������ֽڱ���λ<span lang=EN-US>7</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>Ps
+= 5</span>，则把当前虚拟控制台随后显示的字符设置为闪烁，即把属性字节比特位<span lang=EN-US>7</span>置<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>Ps
-= 7</span>����ѵ�ǰ�������̨�����ʾ���ַ�����Ϊ���ԣ�����ǰ���ͱ���ɫ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>Ps
+= 7</span>，则把当前虚拟控制台随后显示的字符设置为反显，即把前景和背景色交换。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>Ps
-= 22</span>����ȡ������ַ��ĸ�������ʾ��ȡ��������ʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>Ps
+= 22</span>，则取消随后字符的高亮度显示（取消粗体显示）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>Ps
-= 24</span>������ڵ�ɫ��ʾ��ȡ������ַ����»�����ʾ�����ڲ�ɫ��ʾ����ȡ����ɫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>Ps
+= 24</span>，则对于单色显示是取消随后字符的下划线显示，对于彩色显示则是取消绿色。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>Ps
-= 25</span>����ȡ������ַ�����˸��ʾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>Ps
+= 25</span>，则取消随后字符的闪烁显示。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>Ps
-= 27</span>����ȡ������ַ��ķ��ԡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>Ps
+= 27</span>，则取消随后字符的反显。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���<span lang=EN-US>Ps
-= 39</span>����λ����ַ���ǰ��ɫΪĬ��ǰ��ɫ����ɫ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>Ps
+= 39</span>，则复位随后字符的前景色为默认前景色（白色）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>Ps
-= 49</span>����λ����ַ��ı���ɫΪĬ�ϱ���ɫ����ɫ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>Ps
+= 49</span>，则复位随后字符的背景色为默认背景色（黑色）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>408</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -39843,11 +39843,11 @@ case 49: <u><span style='color:blue'>attr</span></u>=(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>attr</span></u> &amp; 0x0f)|(<u><span style='color:blue'>def_attr</span></u>
 &amp; 0xf0); break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>Ps</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>par[i]</span>��Ϊ����ֵʱ����������ָ����ǰ��ɫ�򱳾�ɫ�����<span lang=EN-US>Ps = 30..37</span>����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当<span lang=EN-US>Ps</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>par[i]</span>）为其他值时，则是设置指定的前景色或背景色。如果<span lang=EN-US>Ps = 30..37</span>，则是设置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ǰ��ɫ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>Ps=40..47</span>���������ñ���ɫ���й���ɫֵ��μ������˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>前景色；如果<span
+lang=EN-US>Ps=40..47</span>，则是设置背景色。有关颜色值请参见程序后说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>416</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -39869,7 +39869,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if ((<u><span style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[i]&gt;=30) &amp;&amp; (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[i]&lt;=38))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ǰ��ɫ��</p>
+// </span>设置前景色。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>421</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -39883,7 +39883,7 @@ else&nbsp; <b><i>/* Background color */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>423</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;if ((<u><span style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[i]&gt;=40) &amp;&amp; (<u><span
-style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[i]&lt;=48))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ñ���ɫ��</p>
+style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[i]&lt;=48))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置背景色。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>424</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -39908,10 +39908,10 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>429</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>������ʾ��ꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>设置显示光标。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݹ���Ӧ��ʾ�ڴ�λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pos</span>��������ʾ������������ʾλ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据光标对应显示内存位置<span
+lang=EN-US>pos</span>，设置显示控制器光标的显示位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>430</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>set_cursor</span></u>(int
@@ -39920,17 +39920,17 @@ currcons)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>431</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ȼ������Ҫ������ʾ��꣬˵���м��̲����������Ҫ�ָ����к�����������ʱ����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>既然我们需要设置显示光标，说明有键盘操作，因此需要恢复进行黑屏操作的延时计数值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���⣬��ʾ���Ŀ���̨������ǰ̨����̨���������ǰ������̨��<span
-lang=EN-US>currcons</span>����ǰ̨��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>另外，显示光标的控制台必须是前台控制台，因此若当前处理的台号<span
+lang=EN-US>currcons</span>不是前台控</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��̨�����̷��ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>制台就立刻返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>432</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>blankcount</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>blankinterval</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;// </span>��λ���������ļ���ֵ��</p>
+&nbsp;// </span>复位黑屏操作的计数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>433</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (currcons != <u><span
@@ -39940,14 +39940,14 @@ style='color:blue'>fg_console</span></u>)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��ʹ�������Ĵ����˿�ѡ����ʾ�������ݼĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>r14</span>����굱ǰ��ʾλ�ø��ֽڣ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后使用索引寄存器端口选择显示控制数据寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>r14</span>（光标当前显示位置高字节），接着</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>д���굱ǰλ�ø��ֽڣ������ƶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>9</span>λ��ʾ���ֽ��Ƶ����ֽ��ٳ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�����������Ĭ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>写入光标当前位置高字节（向右移动<span
+lang=EN-US>9</span>位表示高字节移到低字节再除以<span lang=EN-US>2</span>）。是相对于默认</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ�ڴ�����ġ���ʹ�������Ĵ���ѡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>r15</span>��������굱ǰλ�õ��ֽ�д�����С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>显示内存操作的。再使用索引寄存器选择<span
+lang=EN-US>r15</span>，并将光标当前位置低字节写入其中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>435</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -39983,9 +39983,9 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>442</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ع�ꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>隐藏光标。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ѹ�����õ���ǰ�������̨���ڵ�ĩ�ˣ������ع������á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把光标设置到当前虚拟控制台窗口的末端，起到隐藏光标的作用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>443</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>hide_cursor</span></u>(int
@@ -39994,14 +39994,14 @@ currcons)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>444</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʹ�������Ĵ����˿�ѡ����ʾ�������ݼĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>r14</span>����굱ǰ��ʾλ�ø��ֽڣ���Ȼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先使用索引寄存器端口选择显示控制数据寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>r14</span>（光标当前显示位置高字节），然后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>д���굱ǰλ�ø��ֽڣ������ƶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>9</span>λ��ʾ���ֽ��Ƶ����ֽ��ٳ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�����������Ĭ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>写入光标当前位置高字节（向右移动<span
+lang=EN-US>9</span>位表示高字节移到低字节再除以<span lang=EN-US>2</span>）。是相对于默认</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ�ڴ�����ġ���ʹ�������Ĵ���ѡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>r15</span>��������굱ǰλ�õ��ֽ�д�����С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>显示内存操作的。再使用索引寄存器选择<span
+lang=EN-US>r15</span>，并将光标当前位置低字节写入其中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>445</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -40029,21 +40029,21 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>450</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���Ͷ�<span lang=EN-US>VT100</span>����Ӧ���С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>发送对<span lang=EN-US>VT100</span>的响应序列。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ��Ӧ���������ն������������豸���ԣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>DA</span>��������ͨ�����Ͳ��������������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>DA</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即为响应主机请求终端向主机发送设备属性（<span
+lang=EN-US>DA</span>）。主机通过发送不带参数或参数是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的<span lang=EN-US>DA</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������У�<span lang=EN-US>'ESC
-[ 0c' </span>�� <span lang=EN-US>'ESC Z'</span>��Ҫ���ն˷���һ���豸���ԣ�<span lang=EN-US>DA</span>���������У��ն���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制序列（<span lang=EN-US>'ESC
+[ 0c' </span>或 <span lang=EN-US>'ESC Z'</span>）要求终端发送一个设备属性（<span lang=EN-US>DA</span>）控制序列，终端则发</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>85</span>���϶����Ӧ�����У���
-<span lang=EN-US>'ESC [?1;2c'</span>������Ӧ���������У������и����������ն�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>送<span lang=EN-US>85</span>行上定义的应答序列（即
+<span lang=EN-US>'ESC [?1;2c'</span>）来响应主机的序列，该序列告诉主机本终端</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ǿ��и߼���Ƶ���ܵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>VT100</span>�����նˡ����������ǽ�Ӧ�����з������������У���ʹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是具有高级视频功能的<span
+lang=EN-US>VT100</span>兼容终端。处理过程是将应答序列放入读缓冲队列中，并使用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // copy_to_cooked()</span>������������븨�������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // copy_to_cooked()</span>函数处理后放入辅助队列中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>451</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>respond</span></u>(int currcons,
@@ -40055,7 +40055,7 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>453</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; char * p = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>RESPONSE</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>147</span>���ϡ�</p>
+// </span>定义在第<span lang=EN-US>147</span>行上。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>454</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -40066,12 +40066,12 @@ style='color:blue'>cli</span></u>();</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>456</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (*p) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��Ӧ�����з�������С�</p>
+// </span>将应答序列放入读队列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>457</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>PUTCH</span></u>(*p,tty-&gt;read_q);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ַ����롣<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/tty.h</span>��<span lang=EN-US>46</span>�С�</p>
+// </span>逐字符放入。<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/tty.h</span>，<span lang=EN-US>46</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>458</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -40083,12 +40083,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>460</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>sti</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ת���ɹ淶ģʽ�����븨�������У���</p>
+// </span>转换成规范模式（放入辅助队列中）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>461</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>copy_to_cooked</span></u>(tty);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// tty_io.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>120</span>�С�</p>
+// tty_io.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>120</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>462</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -40096,9 +40096,9 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>463</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ڹ�괦����һ�ո��ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>在光标处插入一空格字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ѹ�꿪ʼ���������ַ�����һ�񣬲��������ַ������ڹ�����ڴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把光标开始处的所有字符右移一格，并将擦除字符插入在光标所在处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>464</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>insert_char</span></u>(int
@@ -40114,12 +40114,12 @@ style='color:blue'>x</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>467</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short tmp,
 old = <u><span style='color:blue'>video_erase_char</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ַ��������ԣ���</p>
+// </span>擦除字符（加属性）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>468</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short * p
 = (unsigned short *) <u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ӧ�ڴ�λ�á�</p>
+// </span>光标对应内存位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>469</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -40153,9 +40153,9 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>477</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ڹ�괦����һ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>在光标处插入一行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ļ���ڴӹ�������е����ڵ׵��������¾���һ�С���꽫�����µĿ����ϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将屏幕窗口从光标所在行到窗口底的内容向下卷动一行。光标将处在新的空行上。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>478</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>insert_line</span></u>(int
@@ -40171,11 +40171,11 @@ oldtop,oldbottom;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>481</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȱ�����Ļ���ھ�����ʼ��<span
-lang=EN-US>top</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>bottom</span>ֵ��Ȼ��ӹ������������Ļ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先保存屏幕窗口卷动开始行<span
+lang=EN-US>top</span>和最后行<span lang=EN-US>bottom</span>值，然后从光标所在行让屏幕内容向下</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һ�С����ָ���Ļ���ھ�����ʼ��<span
-lang=EN-US>top</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>bottom</span>��ԭ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>滚动一行。最后恢复屏幕窗口卷动开始行<span
+lang=EN-US>top</span>和最后行<span lang=EN-US>bottom</span>的原来值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>482</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; oldtop=<u><span
@@ -40188,7 +40188,7 @@ style='color:blue'>bottom</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>484</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>top</span></u>=<u><span style='color:blue'>y</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������Ļ������ʼ�кͽ����С�</p>
+// </span>设置屏幕卷动开始行和结束行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>485</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
@@ -40197,7 +40197,7 @@ style='color:blue'>bottom</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>video_num_lin
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>486</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>scrdown</span></u>(currcons);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ӹ�꿪ʼ������Ļ�������¹���һ�С�</p>
+// </span>从光标开始处，屏幕内容向下滚动一行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>487</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -40213,9 +40213,9 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>490</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ɾ��һ���ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>删除一个字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɾ����괦��һ���ַ�������ұߵ������ַ�����һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>删除光标处的一个字符，光标右边的所有字符左移一格。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>491</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>delete_char</span></u>(int
@@ -40234,10 +40234,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short * p
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>495</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ĵ�ǰ��λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>x</span>������Ļ�����У��򷵻ء�����ӹ����һ���ַ���ʼ����ĩ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果光标的当前列位置<span
+lang=EN-US>x</span>超出屏幕最右列，则返回。否则从光标右一个字符开始到行末所有</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ�����һ��Ȼ�������һ���ַ�����������ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符左移一格。然后在最后一个字符处填入擦除字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>496</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -40254,7 +40254,7 @@ style='color:blue'>x</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>499</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;while (++i &lt; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>video_num_columns</span></u>) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����������ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+// </span>光标右所有字符左移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>格。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>500</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -40270,7 +40270,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>503</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *p = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>video_erase_char</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����������ַ���</p>
+// </span>最后填入擦除字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>504</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -40278,9 +40278,9 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>505</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ɾ����������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>删除光标所在行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɾ��������ڵ�һ�У����ӹ�������п�ʼ��Ļ�����Ͼ�һ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>删除光标所在的一行，并从光标所在行开始屏幕内容上卷一行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>506</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>delete_line</span></u>(int
@@ -40296,11 +40296,11 @@ oldtop,oldbottom;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>509</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȱ�����Ļ������ʼ��<span
-lang=EN-US>top</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>bottom</span>ֵ��Ȼ��ӹ������������Ļ�������Ϲ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先保存屏幕卷动开始行<span
+lang=EN-US>top</span>和最后行<span lang=EN-US>bottom</span>值，然后从光标所在行让屏幕内容向上滚动</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ�С����ָ���Ļ������ʼ��<span
-lang=EN-US>top</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>bottom</span>��ԭ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一行。最后恢复屏幕卷动开始行<span
+lang=EN-US>top</span>和最后行<span lang=EN-US>bottom</span>的原来值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>510</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; oldtop=<u><span
@@ -40313,7 +40313,7 @@ style='color:blue'>bottom</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>512</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>top</span></u>=<u><span style='color:blue'>y</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������Ļ������ʼ�к�����С�</p>
+// </span>设置屏幕卷动开始行和最后行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>513</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -40322,7 +40322,7 @@ style='color:blue'>bottom</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>video_num_lin
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>514</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>scrup</span></u>(currcons);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ӹ�꿪ʼ������Ļ�������Ϲ���һ�С�</p>
+// </span>从光标开始处，屏幕内容向上滚动一行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>515</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -40338,20 +40338,20 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>518</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ڹ�괦����<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>���ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>在光标处插入<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>个字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ANSI</span>ת���ַ����У�<span
-lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Pn @'</span>���ڵ�ǰ��괦����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������ո��ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>Pn</span>�ǲ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ANSI</span>转义字符序列：<span
+lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Pn @'</span>。在当前光标处插入<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个或多个空格字符。<span
+lang=EN-US>Pn</span>是插入的字</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ĭ����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����꽫��Ȼ���ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������Ŀո��ַ������ڹ�����ұ߽���ַ������ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符数。默认是<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。光标将仍然处于第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个插入的空格字符处。在光标与右边界的字符将右移。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ұ߽���ַ�������ʧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>超过右边界的字符将被丢失。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���� <span lang=EN-US>nr
-= </span>ת���ַ������еĲ���<span lang=EN-US>Pn</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数 <span lang=EN-US>nr
+= </span>转义字符序列中的参数<span lang=EN-US>Pn</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>519</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>csi_at</span></u>(int
@@ -40360,10 +40360,10 @@ currcons, unsigned int nr)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>520</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ַ�������һ���ַ��������Ϊһ���ַ������������ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果插入的字符数大于一行字符数，则截为一行字符数；若插入字符数<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则插入<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���Ȼ��ѭ������ָ�����ո��ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符。然后循环插入指定个空格字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>521</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (nr &gt; <u><span
@@ -40393,18 +40393,18 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>528</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ڹ��λ�ô�����<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>在光标位置处插入<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ANSI</span>ת���ַ����У�<span
-lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Pn L'</span>���ÿ��������ڹ�괦����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�л���п��С�������ɺ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ANSI</span>转义字符序列：<span
+lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Pn L'</span>。该控制序列在光标处插入<span lang=EN-US>1</span>行或多行空行。操作完成后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���λ�ò��䡣�����б�����ʱ��������¹��������ڵ��������ƶ�����������ʾҳ���о�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>光标位置不变。当空行被插入时，光标以下滚动区域内的行向下移动。滚动出显示页的行就</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>丢失。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���� <span lang=EN-US>nr
-= </span>ת���ַ������еĲ���<span lang=EN-US>Pn</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数 <span lang=EN-US>nr
+= </span>转义字符序列中的参数<span lang=EN-US>Pn</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>529</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>csi_L</span></u>(int
@@ -40413,11 +40413,11 @@ currcons, unsigned int nr)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>530</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������������Ļ������������Ϊ��Ļ��ʾ����������������<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果插入的行数大于屏幕最多行数，则截为屏幕显示行数；若插入行数<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则插入<span lang=EN-US>1</span>行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��ѭ������ָ������<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>�Ŀ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后循环插入指定行数<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>的空行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>531</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (nr &gt; <u><span
@@ -40447,19 +40447,19 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>538</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ɾ����괦��<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>���ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>删除光标处的<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>个字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ANSI</span>ת�����У�<span
-lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Pn P'</span>���ÿ������дӹ�괦ɾ��<span lang=EN-US>Pn</span>���ַ�����һ���ַ���ɾ��ʱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ANSI</span>转义序列：<span
+lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Pn P'</span>。该控制序列从光标处删除<span lang=EN-US>Pn</span>个字符。当一个字符被删除时，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ַ������ơ�������ұ߽紦����һ�����ַ���������Ӧ�������һ�������ַ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>光标右所有字符都左移。这会在右边界处产生一个空字符。其属性应该与最后一个左移字符</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ͬ�����������˼򻯴�������ʹ���ַ���Ĭ�����ԣ��ڵװ��ֿո�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x0720</span>�������ÿ��ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>相同，但这里作了简化处理，仅使用字符的默认属性（黑底白字空格<span
+lang=EN-US>0x0720</span>）来设置空字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���� <span lang=EN-US>nr
-= </span>ת���ַ������еĲ���<span lang=EN-US>Pn</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数 <span lang=EN-US>nr
+= </span>转义字符序列中的参数<span lang=EN-US>Pn</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>539</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>csi_P</span></u>(int
@@ -40468,11 +40468,11 @@ currcons, unsigned int nr)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>540</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ɾ�����ַ�������һ���ַ��������Ϊһ���ַ�������ɾ���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ɾ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果删除的字符数大于一行字符数，则截为一行字符数；若删除字符数<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则删除<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���Ȼ��ѭ��ɾ����괦ָ���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符。然后循环删除光标处指定字符数<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>541</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (nr &gt; <u><span
@@ -40502,19 +40502,19 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>548</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ɾ����괦��<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>删除光标处的<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ANSI</span>ת�����У�<span
-lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Pn M'</span>���ÿ��������ڹ��������ڣ��ӹ�������п�ʼɾ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�л��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ANSI</span>转义序列：<span
+lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Pn M'</span>。该控制序列在滚动区域内，从光标所在行开始删除<span lang=EN-US>1</span>行或多</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�С����б�ɾ��ʱ�����������ڵı�ɾ�����µ��л������ƶ������һ������������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>行。当行被删除时，滚动区域内的被删行以下的行会向上移动，并且会在最底行添加<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>空行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>Pn</span>������ʾҳ��ʣ�������������н�ɾ����Щʣ���У����Թ��������ⲻ�����á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若<span lang=EN-US>Pn</span>大于显示页上剩余行数，则本序列仅删除这些剩余行，并对滚动区域外不起作用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���� <span lang=EN-US>nr
-= </span>ת���ַ������еĲ���<span lang=EN-US>Pn</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数 <span lang=EN-US>nr
+= </span>转义字符序列中的参数<span lang=EN-US>Pn</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>549</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>csi_M</span></u>(int
@@ -40523,11 +40523,11 @@ currcons, unsigned int nr)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>550</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ɾ��������������Ļ������������Ϊ��Ļ��ʾ����������ɾ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ɾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果删除的行数大于屏幕最多行数，则截为屏幕显示行数；若欲删除的行数<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则删除</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1</span>�С�Ȼ��ѭ��ɾ��ָ������<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1</span>行。然后循环删除指定行数<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>551</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (nr &gt; <u><span
@@ -40557,7 +40557,7 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>558</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���浱ǰ���λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>保存当前光标位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>559</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>save_cur</span></u>(int
@@ -40580,7 +40580,7 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>564</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ָ�����Ĺ��λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>恢复保存的光标位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>565</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>restore_cur</span></u>(int
@@ -40603,116 +40603,116 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>570</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ö�ٶ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>con_write()</span>�����д���ת�����л�������еĽ�����<span lang=EN-US>ESnormal</span>�ǳ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这个枚举定义用于下面<span
+lang=EN-US>con_write()</span>函数中处理转义序列或控制序列的解析。<span lang=EN-US>ESnormal</span>是初</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʼ����״̬��Ҳ��ת���������д������ʱ��״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>始进入状态，也是转义或控制序列处理完毕时的状态。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESnormal -&nbsp; </span>��ʾ���ڳ�ʼ����״̬����ʱ�����յ�������ͨ��ʾ�ַ�������ַ�ֱ����ʾ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESnormal -&nbsp; </span>表示处于初始正常状态。此时若接收到的是普通显示字符，则把字符直接显示</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>����Ļ�ϣ������յ����ǿ����ַ�������س��ַ�������Թ��λ�ý������á�</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>在屏幕上；若接收到的是控制字符（例如回车字符），则对光标位置进行设置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>���մ�����һ��ת���������У�����Ҳ�᷵�ص���״̬��</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>当刚处理完一个转义或控制序列，程序也会返回到本状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESesc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
--&nbsp; </span>��ʾ���յ�ת�����������ַ�<span lang=EN-US>ESC</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x1b =
-033 = 27</span>��������ڴ�״̬�½���</p>
+-&nbsp; </span>表示接收到转义序列引导字符<span lang=EN-US>ESC</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0x1b =
+033 = 27</span>）；如果在此状态下接收</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>'['</span>�ַ�����˵��ת�����������룬������ת��<span lang=EN-US>ESsquare</span>ȥ����������</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>到一个<span
+lang=EN-US>'['</span>字符，则说明转义序列引导码，于是跳转到<span lang=EN-US>ESsquare</span>去处理。否则</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�Ͱѽ��յ����ַ���Ϊת������������������ѡ���ַ���ת������<span
-lang=EN-US>'ESC (' </span>��</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>就把接收到的字符作为转义序列来处理。对于选择字符集转义序列<span
+lang=EN-US>'ESC (' </span>和</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 //&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;'ESC
-)'</span>������ʹ�õ�����״̬<span lang=EN-US>ESsetgraph</span>�������������豸�����ַ�������</p>
+)'</span>，我们使用单独的状态<span lang=EN-US>ESsetgraph</span>来处理；对于设备控制字符串序列</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 //&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 'ESC
-P'</span>������ʹ�õ�����״̬<span lang=EN-US>ESsetterm</span>��������</p>
+P'</span>，我们使用单独的状态<span lang=EN-US>ESsetterm</span>来处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESsquare -&nbsp; </span>��ʾ�Ѿ����յ�һ���������������루<span
-lang=EN-US>'ESC ['</span>������ʾ���յ�����һ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESsquare -&nbsp; </span>表示已经接收到一个控制序列引导码（<span
+lang=EN-US>'ESC ['</span>），表示接收到的是一个控制序</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�С����Ǳ�״ִ̬�в�������<span
-lang=EN-US>par[]</span>�����ʼ�������������ʱ���յ�������һ</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>列。于是本状态执行参数数组<span
+lang=EN-US>par[]</span>清零初始化工作。如果此时接收到的又是一</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'['</span>�ַ������ʾ�յ���<span lang=EN-US>'ESC [['</span>���С��������Ǽ��̹��ܼ����������У���</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>个<span
+lang=EN-US>'['</span>字符，则表示收到了<span lang=EN-US>'ESC [['</span>序列。该序列是键盘功能键发出的序列，于</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>����ת��
-<span lang=EN-US>Esfunckey </span>ȥ����������������Ҫ׼�����տ������еĲ�����������</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>是跳转到
+<span lang=EN-US>Esfunckey </span>去处理。否则我们需要准备接收控制序列的参数，于是置</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>״̬<span
-lang=EN-US>Esgetpars</span>��ֱ�ӽ����״̬ȥ���ղ��������еĲ����ַ���</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>状态<span
+lang=EN-US>Esgetpars</span>并直接进入该状态去接收并保存序列的参数字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESgetpars - </span>��״̬��ʾ���Ǵ�ʱҪ���տ������еĲ���ֵ��������ʮ��������ʾ�����ǰ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESgetpars - </span>该状态表示我们此时要接收控制序列的参数值。参数用十进制数表示，我们把</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>���յ��������ַ�ת������ֵ�����浽<span
-lang=EN-US>par[]</span>�����С�����յ�һ���ֺ� <span lang=EN-US>';'</span>��</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>接收到的数字字符转换成数值并保存到<span
+lang=EN-US>par[]</span>数组中。如果收到一个分号 <span lang=EN-US>';'</span>，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>����ά���ڱ�״̬�����ѽ��յ��Ĳ���ֵ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>par[]</span>��һ���С�������</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>则还是维持在本状态，并把接收到的参数值保存在数据<span
+lang=EN-US>par[]</span>下一项中。若不是</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�����ַ���ֺţ�˵����ȡ�����в�������ô��ת�Ƶ�״̬<span
-lang=EN-US>ESgotpars</span>ȥ������</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>数字字符或分号，说明已取得所有参数，那么就转移到状态<span
+lang=EN-US>ESgotpars</span>去处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESgotpars - </span>��ʾ�����Ѿ����յ�һ�������Ŀ������С���ʱ���ǿ��Ը��ݱ�״̬���յ��Ľ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESgotpars - </span>表示我们已经接收到一个完整的控制序列。此时我们可以根据本状态接收到的结</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>β�ַ�����Ӧ�������н��д����������ڴ���֮ǰ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>ESsquare </span>״̬</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>尾字符对相应控制序列进行处理。不过在处理之前，如果我们在<span
+lang=EN-US>ESsquare </span>状态</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�յ���
-<span lang=EN-US>'?'</span>��˵������������ն��豸˽�����С����ں˲���֧�ֶ��������е�</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>收到过
+<span lang=EN-US>'?'</span>，说明这个序列是终端设备私有序列。本内核不对支持对这种序列的</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��������������ֱ�ӻָ���
-<span lang=EN-US>ESnormal </span>״̬�������ȥִ����Ӧ�������С�����</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>处理，于是我们直接恢复到
+<span lang=EN-US>ESnormal </span>状态。否则就去执行相应控制序列。待序</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�д������Ͱ�״̬�ָ���
-<span lang=EN-US>ESnormal</span>��</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>列处理完后就把状态恢复到
+<span lang=EN-US>ESnormal</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESfunckey - </span>��ʾ���ǽ��յ��˼����Ϲ��ܼ�������һ�����С����ǲ�����ʾ�����ǻָ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESfunckey - </span>表示我们接收到了键盘上功能键发出的一个序列。我们不用显示。于是恢复到正</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��״̬<span
-lang=EN-US>ESnormal</span>��</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>常状态<span
+lang=EN-US>ESnormal</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESsetterm - </span>��ʾ�����豸�����ַ�������״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>DCS</span>������ʱ���յ��ַ� <span lang=EN-US>'S'</span>����ָ���ʼ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESsetterm - </span>表示处于设备控制字符串序列状态（<span
+lang=EN-US>DCS</span>）。此时若收到字符 <span lang=EN-US>'S'</span>，则恢复初始</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>����ʾ�ַ����ԡ����յ����ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>'L'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'l'</span>��������ر�������ʾ��ʽ��</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>的显示字符属性。若收到的字符是<span
+lang=EN-US>'L'</span>或<span lang=EN-US>'l'</span>，则开启或关闭折行显示方式。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESsetgraph -</span>��ʾ�յ������ַ���ת������<span
-lang=EN-US>'ESC (' </span>�� <span lang=EN-US>'ESC )'</span>�����Ƿֱ�����ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>G0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>G1</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESsetgraph -</span>表示收到设置字符集转移序列<span
+lang=EN-US>'ESC (' </span>或 <span lang=EN-US>'ESC )'</span>。它们分别用于指定<span
+lang=EN-US>G0</span>和<span lang=EN-US>G1</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>���õ��ַ�������ʱ���յ��ַ�
-<span lang=EN-US>'0'</span>����ѡ��ͼ���ַ�����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>G0</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>G1</span>�����յ�</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>所用的字符集。此时若收到字符
+<span lang=EN-US>'0'</span>，则选择图形字符集作为<span lang=EN-US>G0</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>G1</span>，若收到</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>���ַ���
-<span lang=EN-US>'B'</span>����ѡ����ͨ<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>�ַ�����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>G0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>G1</span>���ַ�����</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>的字符是
+<span lang=EN-US>'B'</span>，这选择普通<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>字符集作为<span
+lang=EN-US>G0</span>和<span lang=EN-US>G1</span>的字符集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>571</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> enum { ESnormal, ESesc, ESsquare, ESgetpars, ESgotpars, ESfunckey, </span></p>
@@ -40724,15 +40724,15 @@ ESsetgraph };</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>573</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����̨д������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>控制台写函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ն˶�Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>д���������ȡ�ַ������ÿ���ַ����з��������ǿ����ַ���ת������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从终端对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>写缓冲队列中取字符，针对每个字符进行分析。若是控制字符或转义或控制</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���У�����й�궨λ���ַ�ɾ���ȵĿ��ƴ�����������ͨ�ַ���ֱ���ڹ�괦��ʾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>序列，则进行光标定位、字符删除等的控制处理；对于普通字符就直接在光标处显示。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���� <span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ǵ�ǰ����̨ʹ�õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数 <span lang=EN-US>tty</span>是当前控制台使用的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>574</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>con_write</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -40753,30 +40753,30 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int currcons;</span>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>579</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������ȸ��ݵ�ǰ����̨ʹ�õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>��<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>���е���λ��ȡ�ö�Ӧ�Ŀ���̨��<span
-lang=EN-US>currcons</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先根据当前控制台使用的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>在<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>表中的项位置取得对应的控制台号<span
+lang=EN-US>currcons</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>CHARS()</span>��Ŀǰ<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>д�����к��е��ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>����ѭ��ȡ�����е�ÿ���ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后计算出（<span
+lang=EN-US>CHARS()</span>）目前<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>写队列中含有的字符数<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>，并循环取出其中的每个字符进行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������ǰ����̨���ڽ��յ����̻���򷢳�����ͣ����簴��<span
-lang=EN-US>Ctrl-S</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处理。不过如果当前控制台由于接收到键盘或程序发出的暂停命令（如按键<span
+lang=EN-US>Ctrl-S</span>）而处于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֹͣ״̬����ô��������ֹͣ����д�����е��ַ����˳����������⣬���ȡ�����ǿ����ַ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>停止状态，那么本函数就停止处理写队列中的字符，退出函数。另外，如果取出的是控制字符</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CAN</span>��<span lang=EN-US>24</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US> SUB</span>��<span lang=EN-US>26</span>������ô<span style='color:black'>������ת�����������ڼ��յ��ģ������в���ִ�ж�������</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CAN</span>（<span lang=EN-US>24</span>）或<span
+lang=EN-US> SUB</span>（<span lang=EN-US>26</span>），那么<span style='color:black'>若是在转义或控制序列期间收到的，则序列不会执行而立刻终</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='color:black'>ֹ��ͬʱ��ʾ�����ַ���ע�⣬<span lang=EN-US>con_write()</span>����ֻ����ȡ�����ַ���ʱд�����е�ǰ����</span></p>
+style='color:black'>止，同时显示随后的字符。注意，<span lang=EN-US>con_write()</span>函数只处理取队列字符数时写队列中当前含有</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='color:black'>���ַ������п�����һ�����б��ŵ�д�����ڼ��ȡ�ַ�������˱�����ǰһ���˳�ʱ<span lang=EN-US>state</span></span></p>
+style='color:black'>的字符。这有可能在一个序列被放到写队列期间读取字符数，因此本函数前一次退出时<span lang=EN-US>state</span></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='color:black'>�п��������ڴ���ת���������е�����״̬�ϡ�</span></p>
+style='color:black'>有可能正处于处理转义或控制序列的其他状态上。</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>580</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;currcons = tty - <u><span
@@ -40797,7 +40797,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>584</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nr = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>CHARS</span></u>(tty-&gt;write_q);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡд�������ַ�������<span lang=EN-US>tty.h</span>�ļ��С�</p>
+// </span>取写队列中字符数。在<span lang=EN-US>tty.h</span>文件中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>585</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (nr--) {</span></p>
@@ -40813,12 +40813,12 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>588</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>GETCH</span></u>(tty-&gt;write_q,c);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>�С�</p>
+// </span>取<span lang=EN-US>1</span>字符到<span lang=EN-US>c</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>589</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (c == 24 || c == 26)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US> CAN</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SUB -&nbsp; </span>ȡ�����滻��</p>
+if (c == 24 || c == 26)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制字符<span
+lang=EN-US> CAN</span>、<span lang=EN-US>SUB -&nbsp; </span>取消、替换。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>590</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -40828,19 +40828,19 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 switch(<u><span style='color:blue'>state</span></u>) {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����д������ȡ�����ַ�����ͨ��ʾ�ַ����룬��ֱ�Ӵӵ�ǰӳ���ַ�����ȡ����Ӧ����ʾ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果从写队列中取出的字符是普通显示字符代码，就直接从当前映射字符集中取出对应的显示</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ������ŵ���ǰ�����������ʾ�ڴ�λ�ô�����ֱ����ʾ���ַ���Ȼ��ѹ��λ������һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符，并放到当前光标所处的显示内存位置处，即直接显示该字符。然后把光标位置右移一个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ�λ�á�����أ�����ַ����ǿ����ַ�Ҳ������չ�ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>(31&lt;c&lt;127)</span>����ô������ǰ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符位置。具体地，如果字符不是控制字符也不是扩展字符，即<span
+lang=EN-US>(31&lt;c&lt;127)</span>，那么，若当前光</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�괦����ĩ�˻�ĩ�����⣬�򽫹���Ƶ�����ͷ�С����������λ�ö�Ӧ���ڴ�ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pos</span>��Ȼ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标处在行末端或末端以外，则将光标移到下行头列。并调整光标位置对应的内存指针<span
+lang=EN-US>pos</span>。然</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c</span>д����ʾ�ڴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>pos</span>���������������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�У�ͬʱҲ��<span lang=EN-US>pos</span>��Ӧ���ƶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>���ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>后将字符<span lang=EN-US>c</span>写到显示内存中<span
+lang=EN-US>pos</span>处，并将光标右移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>列，同时也将<span lang=EN-US>pos</span>对应地移动<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>592</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -40849,12 +40849,12 @@ case ESnormal:</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>593</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (c&gt;31 &amp;&amp; c&lt;127) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ͨ��ʾ�ַ���</p>
+// </span>是普通显示字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>594</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>&gt;=<u><span style='color:blue'>video_num_columns</span></u>)
-{&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ҫ���У�</p>
+{&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>要换行？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>595</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -40874,7 +40874,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>599</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-__asm__(<i>&quot;movb %2,%%ah\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>д�ַ���</p>
+__asm__(<i>&quot;movb %2,%%ah\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>写字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>600</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -40905,22 +40905,22 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>++;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��ת���ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ESC</span>����ת��״̬<span lang=EN-US>state</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ESesc</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>637</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果字符<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是转义字符<span
+lang=EN-US>ESC</span>，则转换状态<span lang=EN-US>state</span>到<span lang=EN-US>ESesc</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>637</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>607</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}
 else if (c==27)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ESC - </span>ת������ַ���</p>
+// ESC - </span>转义控制字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>608</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>state</span></u>=ESesc;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>�ǻ��з�<span
-lang=EN-US>LF(10)</span>����ֱ�Ʊ���<span lang=EN-US>VT(11)</span>����ҳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>FF(12)</span>�������ƶ�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是换行符<span
+lang=EN-US>LF(10)</span>，或垂直制表符<span lang=EN-US>VT(11)</span>，或换页符<span
+lang=EN-US>FF(12)</span>，则光标移动到下<span lang=EN-US>1</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>609</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -40930,21 +40930,21 @@ else if (c==10 || c==11 || c==12)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>lf</span></u>(currcons);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>�ǻس���<span
-lang=EN-US>CR(13)</span>���򽫹���ƶ���ͷ�У�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是回车符<span
+lang=EN-US>CR(13)</span>，则将光标移动到头列（<span lang=EN-US>0</span>列）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>611</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 else if (c==13)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// CR - </span>�س���</p>
+// CR - </span>回车。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>612</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>cr</span></u>(currcons);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>DEL(127)</span>���򽫹������ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�ÿո��ַ����<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>����������Ƶ�������λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>DEL(127)</span>，则将光标左边字符擦除<span lang=EN-US>(</span>用空格字符替代<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>，并将光标移到被擦除位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>613</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -40954,14 +40954,14 @@ else if (c==<u><span style='color:blue'>ERASE_CHAR</span></u>(tty))</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>del</span></u>(currcons);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>BS(backspace,8)</span>���򽫹������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�񣬲���Ӧ��������Ӧ�ڴ�λ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pos</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>BS(backspace,8)</span>，则将光标左移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>格，并相应调整光标对应内存位置指针<span
+lang=EN-US>pos</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>615</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 else if (c==8) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// BS - </span>���ˡ�</p>
+// BS - </span>后退。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>616</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -40979,15 +40979,15 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��ˮƽ�Ʊ���<span
-lang=EN-US>HT(9)</span>���򽫹���Ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>8</span>�ı������ϡ�����ʱ�������������Ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果字符<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是水平制表符<span
+lang=EN-US>HT(9)</span>，则将光标移到<span lang=EN-US>8</span>的倍数列上。若此时光标列数超出屏幕最大</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������򽫹���Ƶ���һ���ϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>列数，则将光标移到下一行上。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>620</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 } else if (c==9) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// HT - </span>ˮƽ�Ʊ���</p>
+// HT - </span>水平制表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>621</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41026,26 +41026,26 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 c=9;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c</span>�������<span
-lang=EN-US>BEL(7)</span>������÷�����������������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果字符<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是响铃符<span
+lang=EN-US>BEL(7)</span>，则调用蜂鸣函数，是扬声器发声。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>630</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 } else if (c==7)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// BEL - </span>���塣</p>
+// BEL - </span>响铃。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>631</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sysbeep</span></u>();</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>�ǿ����ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>SO</span>��<span lang=EN-US>14</span>����<span lang=EN-US>SI</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>15</span>��������Ӧѡ���ַ���<span lang=EN-US>G1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>G0</span>��Ϊ��ʾ�ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是控制字符<span
+lang=EN-US>SO</span>（<span lang=EN-US>14</span>）或<span lang=EN-US>SI</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>15</span>），则相应选择字符集<span lang=EN-US>G1</span>或<span lang=EN-US>G0</span>作为显示字符集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>632</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;else if (c == 14)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// SO - </span>������ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>G1</span>��</p>
+// SO - </span>换出，使用<span lang=EN-US>G1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>633</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41054,7 +41054,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>634</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 else if (c == 15)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// SI - </span>������ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>G0</span>��</p>
+// SI - </span>换进，使用<span lang=EN-US>G0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>635</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41064,11 +41064,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>ESnormal</span>״̬�յ�ת���ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ESC(0x1b = 033 = 27)</span>����ת����״̬��������״̬��<span lang=EN-US>C1</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果在<span lang=EN-US>ESnormal</span>状态收到转义字符<span
+lang=EN-US>ESC(0x1b = 033 = 27)</span>，则转到本状态处理。该状态对<span lang=EN-US>C1</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�п����ַ���ת���ַ����д������������Ĭ�ϵ�״̬����<span
-lang=EN-US>ESnormal</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中控制字符或转义字符进行处理。处理完后默认的状态将是<span
+lang=EN-US>ESnormal</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>637</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41089,7 +41089,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>641</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <i>'['</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ESC [ - </span>��<span lang=EN-US>CSI</span>���С�</p>
+// ESC [ - </span>是<span lang=EN-US>CSI</span>序列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>642</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41102,7 +41102,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>644</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <i>'E'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ESC E - </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�л�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�С�</p>
+// ESC E - </span>光标下移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>行回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>645</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41116,7 +41116,7 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>647</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case <i>'M'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ESC M - </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�С�</p>
+// ESC M - </span>光标下移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>648</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41129,7 +41129,7 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>650</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <i>'D'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ESC D - </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�С�</p>
+// ESC D - </span>光标下移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>651</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41143,7 +41143,7 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>653</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <i>'Z'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ESC Z - </span>�豸���Բ�ѯ��</p>
+// ESC Z - </span>设备属性查询。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>654</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41156,7 +41156,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>656</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <i>'7'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ESC 7 - </span>������λ�á�</p>
+// ESC 7 - </span>保存光标位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>657</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41169,7 +41169,7 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>659</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <i>'8'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ESC 8 - </span>�ָ�����Ĺ��ԭλ�á�</p>
+// ESC 8 - </span>恢复保存的光标原位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>660</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41181,8 +41181,8 @@ break;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>662</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case <i>'('</i>:&nbsp; case <i>')'</i>: // ESC (</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ESC )
-- </span>ѡ���ַ�����</p>
+case <i>'('</i>:&nbsp; case <i>')'</i>: // ESC (</span>、<span lang=EN-US>ESC )
+- </span>选择字符集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>663</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
@@ -41197,7 +41197,7 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>665</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <i>'P'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ESC P - </span>�����ն˲�����</p>
+// ESC P - </span>设置终端参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>666</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41210,7 +41210,7 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>668</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <i>'#'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ESC # - </span>�޸��������ԡ�</p>
+// ESC # - </span>修改整行属性。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>669</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41223,7 +41223,7 @@ break;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>671</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case
 <i>'c'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ESC c - </span>��λ���ն˳�ʼ���á�</p>
+// ESC c - </span>复位到终端初始设置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>672</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41268,27 +41268,27 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����״̬<span lang=EN-US>ESesc</span>����ת���ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ESC</span>��ʱ�յ��ַ�<span lang=EN-US>'['</span>���������<span lang=EN-US>CSI</span>�������У�����ת��״</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果在状态<span lang=EN-US>ESesc</span>（是转义字符<span
+lang=EN-US>ESC</span>）时收到字符<span lang=EN-US>'['</span>，则表明是<span lang=EN-US>CSI</span>控制序列，于是转到状</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>̬<span lang=EN-US>ESsequare</span>�����������ȶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ESC</span>ת�����б������������<span lang=EN-US>par[]</span>���㣬��������<span
-lang=EN-US>npar</span>ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>态<span lang=EN-US>ESsequare</span>来处理。首先对<span
+lang=EN-US>ESC</span>转义序列保存参数的数组<span lang=EN-US>par[]</span>清零，索引变量<span
+lang=EN-US>npar</span>指向</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������������ǿ�ʼ����ȡ����״̬<span
-lang=EN-US>ESgetpars</span>��������յ����ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>'?'</span>����ֱ��ת</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首项，并且设置我们开始处于取参数状态<span
+lang=EN-US>ESgetpars</span>。如果接收到的字符不是<span lang=EN-US>'?'</span>，则直接转</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��״̬<span lang=EN-US>ESgetpars</span>ȥ�����������յ����ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>'?'</span>��˵������������ն��豸˽�����У�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>到状态<span lang=EN-US>ESgetpars</span>去处理，若接收到的字符是<span
+lang=EN-US>'?'</span>，说明这个序列是终端设备私有序列，后面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һ�������ַ�������ȥ����һ�ַ����ٵ�״̬
-<span lang=EN-US>ESgetpars </span>ȥ�������봦�������ʱ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>会有一个功能字符。于是去读下一字符，再到状态
+<span lang=EN-US>ESgetpars </span>去处理代码处。如果此时接收</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>'['</span>����ô�����յ��˼��̹��ܼ����������У�����������һ״̬Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>ESfunckey</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>到的字符还是<span
+lang=EN-US>'['</span>，那么表明收到了键盘功能键发出的序列，于是设置下一状态为<span lang=EN-US>ESfunckey</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ֱ�ӽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ESgetpars</span>״̬����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则直接进入<span
+lang=EN-US>ESgetpars</span>状态继续处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>682</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41298,7 +41298,7 @@ case ESsquare:</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for(<u><span style='color:blue'>npar</span></u>=0;<u><span style='color:blue'>npar</span></u>&lt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>NPAR</span></u>;<u><span style='color:blue'>npar</span></u>++)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ���������顣</p>
+// </span>初始化参数数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>684</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41315,7 +41315,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>687</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (c ==<i>'['</i>)&nbsp; <b><i>/* Function key */</i></b> // 'ESC [['</span>�ǹ��ܼ���</p>
+if (c ==<i>'['</i>)&nbsp; <b><i>/* Function key */</i></b> // 'ESC [['</span>是功能键。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>688</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41337,16 +41337,16 @@ if (<u><span style='color:blue'>ques</span></u>=(c==<i>'?'</i>))</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��״̬��ʾ���Ǵ�ʱҪ���տ������еĲ���ֵ��������ʮ��������ʾ�����ǰѽ��յ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该状态表示我们此时要接收控制序列的参数值。参数用十进制数表示，我们把接收到的数字字</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ת������ֵ�����浽<span
-lang=EN-US>par[]</span>�����С�����յ�һ���ֺ� <span lang=EN-US>';'</span>������ά���ڱ�״̬�����ѽ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符转换成数值并保存到<span
+lang=EN-US>par[]</span>数组中。如果收到一个分号 <span lang=EN-US>';'</span>，则还是维持在本状态，并把接</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�յ��Ĳ���ֵ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>par[]</span>��һ���С������������ַ���ֺţ�˵����ȡ�����в�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>收到的参数值保存在数据<span
+lang=EN-US>par[]</span>下一项中。若不是数字字符或分号，说明已取得所有参数，那</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ô��ת�Ƶ�״̬<span
-lang=EN-US>ESgotpars</span>ȥ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>么就转移到状态<span
+lang=EN-US>ESgotpars</span>去处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>693</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41383,15 +41383,15 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 } else <u><span style='color:blue'>state</span></u>=ESgotpars;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESgotpars</span>״̬��ʾ�����Ѿ����յ�һ�������Ŀ������С���ʱ���ǿ��Ը��ݱ�״̬���յ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESgotpars</span>状态表示我们已经接收到一个完整的控制序列。此时我们可以根据本状态接收到的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��β�ַ�����Ӧ�������н��д����������ڴ���֮ǰ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>ESsquare </span>״̬�յ���<span lang=EN-US>'?'</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>结尾字符对相应控制序列进行处理。不过在处理之前，如果我们在<span
+lang=EN-US>ESsquare </span>状态收到过<span lang=EN-US>'?'</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>˵������������ն��豸˽�����С����ں˲�֧�ֶ��������еĴ�������������ֱ�ӻָ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>说明这个序列是终端设备私有序列。本内核不支持对这种序列的处理，于是我们直接恢复到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESnormal </span>״̬�������ȥִ����Ӧ�������С������д������Ͱ�״̬�ָ���
-<span lang=EN-US>ESnormal</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ESnormal </span>状态。否则就去执行相应控制序列。待序列处理完后就把状态恢复到
+<span lang=EN-US>ESnormal</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>701</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41421,13 +41421,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 switch(c) {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>���ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>'G'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'`'</span>����<span lang=EN-US>par[]</span>�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����������кš����кŲ�Ϊ�㣬�򽫹������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是字符<span
+lang=EN-US>'G'</span>或<span lang=EN-US>'`'</span>，则<span lang=EN-US>par[]</span>中第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数代表列号。若列号不为零，则将光标左移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>格。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>708</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case <i>'G'</i>: case <i>'`'</i>:&nbsp; // CSI Pn G -</span>���ˮƽ�ƶ���</p>
+case <i>'G'</i>: case <i>'`'</i>:&nbsp; // CSI Pn G -</span>光标水平移动。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>709</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41443,14 +41443,14 @@ style='color:blue'>y</span></u>);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'A'</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����������������Ƶ�������������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'A'</span>，则第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数代表光标上移的行数。若参数为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>则上移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L712><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>712</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <i>'A'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// CSI Pn A - </span>������ơ�</p>
+// CSI Pn A - </span>光标上移。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L713><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>713</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41467,14 +41467,14 @@ style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[0]);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'B'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'e'</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����������������Ƶ�������������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'B'</span>或<span lang=EN-US>'e'</span>，则第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数代表光标下移的行数。若参数为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>则下移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L716><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>716</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case
-<i>'B'</i>: case <i>'e'</i>:&nbsp; // CSI Pn B - </span>������ơ�</p>
+<i>'B'</i>: case <i>'e'</i>:&nbsp; // CSI Pn B - </span>光标下移。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L717><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>717</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41490,13 +41490,13 @@ style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[0]);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'C'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'a'</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����������������Ƶĸ�����������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'C'</span>或<span lang=EN-US>'a'</span>，则第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数代表光标右移的格数。若参数为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>则右移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>格。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L720><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>720</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case <i>'C'</i>: case <i>'a'</i>:&nbsp; // CSI Pn C - </span>������ơ�</p>
+case <i>'C'</i>: case <i>'a'</i>:&nbsp; // CSI Pn C - </span>光标右移。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L721><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>721</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41512,14 +41512,14 @@ style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[0],<u><span style='color:blue'>y</span></u>);<
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'D'</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����������������Ƶĸ�����������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'D'</span>，则第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数代表光标左移的格数。若参数为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>则左移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>格。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L724><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>724</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <i>'D'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// CSI Pn D - </span>������ơ�</p>
+// CSI Pn D - </span>光标左移。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L725><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>725</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41536,14 +41536,14 @@ style='color:blue'>y</span></u>);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'E'</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������������������ƶ������������ص�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�С�������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'E'</span>，则第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数代表光标向下移动的行数，并回到<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>列。若参数为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>则下移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L728><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>728</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case
-<i>'E'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// CSI Pn E - </span>������ƻ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�С�</p>
+<i>'E'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// CSI Pn E - </span>光标下移回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L729><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>729</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41558,14 +41558,14 @@ style='color:blue'>y</span></u>+<u><span style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[0]);<
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'F'</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������������������ƶ������������ص�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�С�������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'F'</span>，则第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数代表光标向上移动的行数，并回到<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>列。若参数为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>则上移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L732><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>732</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case <i>'F'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// CSI Pn F - </span>������ƻ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�С�</p>
+case <i>'F'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// CSI Pn F - </span>光标上移回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L733><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>733</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41580,13 +41580,13 @@ style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[0]);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'d'</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������������������ڵ��кţ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'d'</span>，则第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数代表光标所需在的行号（从<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>计数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L736><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>736</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case <i>'d'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CSI Pn d - </span>�ڵ�ǰ������λ�á�</p>
+case <i>'d'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CSI Pn d - </span>在当前列置行位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L737><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>737</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if
@@ -41601,13 +41601,13 @@ style='color:blue'>x</span></u>,<u><span style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[0]);<
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'H'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'f'</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��������������Ƶ����кţ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��������������Ƶ����кš�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'H'</span>或<span lang=EN-US>'f'</span>，则第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数代表光标移到的行号，第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个参数代表光标移到的列号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L740><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>740</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case <i>'H'</i>: case <i>'f'</i>:&nbsp; // CSI Pn H - </span>��궨λ��</p>
+case <i>'H'</i>: case <i>'f'</i>:&nbsp; // CSI Pn H - </span>光标定位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L741><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>741</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41627,17 +41627,17 @@ style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[0]);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'J'</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����������Թ������λ�������ķ�ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果字符<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'J'</span>，则第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数代表以光标所处位置清屏的方式：</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���У�<span lang=EN-US>'ESC
-[ Ps J'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Ps=0 </span>ɾ����굽��Ļ�׶ˣ�<span lang=EN-US>1 </span>ɾ����Ļ��ʼ����괦��<span
-lang=EN-US>2 </span>����ɾ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>序列：<span lang=EN-US>'ESC
+[ Ps J'</span>（<span lang=EN-US>Ps=0 </span>删除光标到屏幕底端；<span lang=EN-US>1 </span>删除屏幕开始到光标处；<span
+lang=EN-US>2 </span>整屏删除）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L745><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>745</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case <i>'J'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// CSI Pn J - </span>��Ļ�����ַ���</p>
+// CSI Pn J - </span>屏幕擦除字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L746><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>746</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41648,16 +41648,16 @@ style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[0]);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'K'</span>�����һ�����������Թ������λ�ö������ַ�����ɾ�������ķ�ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果字符<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'K'</span>，则第一个参数代表以光标所在位置对行中字符进行删除处理的方式。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ת�����У�<span lang=EN-US>'ESC
-[ Ps K'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Ps = 0 </span>ɾ������β��<span lang=EN-US>1 </span>�ӿ�ʼɾ����<span
-lang=EN-US>2 </span>���ж�ɾ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>转义序列：<span lang=EN-US>'ESC
+[ Ps K'</span>（<span lang=EN-US>Ps = 0 </span>删除到行尾；<span lang=EN-US>1 </span>从开始删除；<span
+lang=EN-US>2 </span>整行都删除）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L748><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>748</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case <i>'K'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// CSI Pn K - </span>���ڲ����ַ���</p>
+case <i>'K'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// CSI Pn K - </span>行内擦除字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L749><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>749</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41668,13 +41668,13 @@ style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[0]);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'L'</span>����ʾ�ڹ��λ�ô�����<span lang=EN-US>n</span>�У��������� <span
-lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Pn L'</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果字符<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'L'</span>，表示在光标位置处插入<span lang=EN-US>n</span>行（控制序列 <span
+lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Pn L'</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L751><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>751</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case <i>'L'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// CSI Pn L - </span>�����С�</p>
+case <i>'L'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// CSI Pn L - </span>插入行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L752><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>752</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41685,13 +41685,13 @@ style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[0]);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'M'</span>����ʾ�ڹ��λ�ô�ɾ��<span lang=EN-US>n</span>�У��������� <span
-lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Pn M'</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>如果字符<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'M'</span>，表示在光标位置处删除<span lang=EN-US>n</span>行（控制序列 <span
+lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Pn M'</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L754><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>754</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case <i>'M'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CSI Pn M - </span>ɾ���С�</p>
+case <i>'M'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CSI Pn M - </span>删除行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L755><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>755</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41702,13 +41702,13 @@ style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[0]);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'P'</span>����ʾ�ڹ��λ�ô�ɾ��<span lang=EN-US>n</span>���ַ����������� <span
-lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Pn P'</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果字符<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'P'</span>，表示在光标位置处删除<span lang=EN-US>n</span>个字符（控制序列 <span
+lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Pn P'</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L757><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>757</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case <i>'P'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CSI Pn P - </span>ɾ���ַ���</p>
+case <i>'P'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CSI Pn P - </span>删除字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L758><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>758</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41719,13 +41719,13 @@ style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[0]);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'@'</span>����ʾ�ڹ��λ�ô�����<span lang=EN-US>n</span>���ַ����������� <span
-lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Pn @' </span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果字符<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'@'</span>，表示在光标位置处插入<span lang=EN-US>n</span>个字符（控制序列 <span
+lang=EN-US>'ESC [ Pn @' </span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L760><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>760</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case <i>'@'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CSI Pn @ - </span>�����ַ���</p>
+case <i>'@'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CSI Pn @ - </span>插入字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L761><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>761</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41736,16 +41736,16 @@ style='color:blue'>par</span></u>[0]);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'m'</span>����ʾ�ı��괦�ַ�����ʾ���ԣ�����Ӵ֡����»��ߡ���˸�����Եȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果字符<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'m'</span>，表示改变光标处字符的显示属性，比如加粗、加下划线、闪烁、反显等。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ת�����У�<span lang=EN-US>'ESC
-[ Pn m'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>n=0 </span>������ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>1 </span>�Ӵ֣�<span
-lang=EN-US>4 </span>���»��ߣ�<span lang=EN-US>7 </span>���ԣ�<span lang=EN-US>27 </span>������ʾ�ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>转义序列：<span lang=EN-US>'ESC
+[ Pn m'</span>。<span lang=EN-US>n=0 </span>正常显示；<span lang=EN-US>1 </span>加粗；<span
+lang=EN-US>4 </span>加下划线；<span lang=EN-US>7 </span>反显；<span lang=EN-US>27 </span>正常显示等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L763><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>763</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case <i>'m'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// CSI Ps m - </span>������ʾ�ַ����ԡ�</p>
+case <i>'m'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// CSI Ps m - </span>设置显示字符属性。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L764><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>764</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41756,12 +41756,12 @@ style='color:blue'>csi_m</span></u>(currcons);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'r'</span>�����ʾ�������������ù�������ʼ�кź���ֹ�кš�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果字符<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'r'</span>，则表示用两个参数设置滚屏的起始行号和终止行号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L766><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>766</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case <i>'r'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CSI Pn;Pn r - </span>���ù������½硣</p>
+case <i>'r'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CSI Pn;Pn r - </span>设置滚屏上下界。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L767><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>767</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41799,12 +41799,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'s'</span>�����ʾ���浱ǰ�������λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果字符<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'s'</span>，则表示保存当前光标所在位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L775><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>775</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case <i>'s'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CSI s - </span>������λ�á�</p>
+case <i>'s'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CSI s - </span>保存光标位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L776><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>776</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41814,12 +41814,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'u'</span>�����ʾ�ָ���굽ԭ�����λ�ô���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果字符<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'u'</span>，则表示恢复光标到原保存的位置处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L778><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>778</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case <i>'u'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CSI u - </span>�ָ�����Ĺ��λ�á�</p>
+case <i>'u'</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CSI u - </span>恢复保存的光标位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L779><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>779</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41829,19 +41829,19 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'l'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'b'</span>����ֱ��ʾ������Ļ�������ʱ������ô����ַ���ʾ����ʱ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果字符<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>'l'</span>或<span lang=EN-US>'b'</span>，则分别表示设置屏幕黑屏间隔时间和设置粗体字符显示。此时参数数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>par[1]</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>par[2]</span>������ֵ�����Ƿֱ����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>par[1]= par[0]+13</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>par[2]= par[0]+17</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>组中<span lang=EN-US>par[1]</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>par[2]</span>是特征值，它们分别必须为<span lang=EN-US>par[1]= par[0]+13</span>；<span
+lang=EN-US>par[2]= par[0]+17</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������£����<span
-lang=EN-US>c</span>���ַ�<span lang=EN-US>'l'</span>����ô<span lang=EN-US>par[0]</span>���ǿ�ʼ����ʱ˵�ӳٵķ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>c</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在这个条件下，如果<span
+lang=EN-US>c</span>是字符<span lang=EN-US>'l'</span>，那么<span lang=EN-US>par[0]</span>中是开始黑屏时说延迟的分钟数；如果<span
+lang=EN-US>c</span>是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ�<span lang=EN-US>'b'</span>����ô<span
-lang=EN-US>par[0]</span>�������õĴ����ַ�����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符<span lang=EN-US>'b'</span>，那么<span
+lang=EN-US>par[0]</span>中是设置的粗体字符属性值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L781><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>781</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41911,14 +41911,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&n
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>״̬<span lang=EN-US>ESfunckey</span>��ʾ���ǽ��յ��˼����Ϲ��ܼ�������һ�����С����ǲ�����ʾ�����ǻָ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>状态<span lang=EN-US>ESfunckey</span>表示我们接收到了键盘上功能键发出的一个序列。我们不用显示。于是恢复到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����״̬<span lang=EN-US>ESnormal</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>正常状态<span lang=EN-US>ESnormal</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L797><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>797</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case ESfunckey:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���̹��ܼ��롣</p>
+// </span>键盘功能键码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L798><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>798</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41928,11 +41928,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>״̬<span lang=EN-US>ESsetterm</span>��ʾ�����豸�����ַ�������״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>DCS</span>������ʱ���յ��ַ� <span lang=EN-US>'S'</span>����ָ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>状态<span lang=EN-US>ESsetterm</span>表示处于设备控制字符串序列状态（<span
+lang=EN-US>DCS</span>）。此时若收到字符 <span lang=EN-US>'S'</span>，则恢复初</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʼ����ʾ�ַ����ԡ����յ����ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>'L'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'l'</span>��������ر�������ʾ��ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>始的显示字符属性。若收到的字符是<span
+lang=EN-US>'L'</span>或<span lang=EN-US>'l'</span>，则开启或关闭折行显示方式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L800><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>800</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -41980,21 +41980,21 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>״̬<span lang=EN-US>ESsetgraph</span>��ʾ�յ������ַ���ת������<span
-lang=EN-US>'ESC (' </span>�� <span lang=EN-US>'ESC )'</span>�����Ƿֱ�����ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>G0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>状态<span lang=EN-US>ESsetgraph</span>表示收到设置字符集转移序列<span
+lang=EN-US>'ESC (' </span>或 <span lang=EN-US>'ESC )'</span>。它们分别用于指定<span
+lang=EN-US>G0</span>和</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // G1</span>���õ��ַ�������ʱ���յ��ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>'0'</span>����ѡ��ͼ���ַ�����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>G0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>G1</span>�����յ����ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>'B'</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // G1</span>所用的字符集。此时若收到字符<span
+lang=EN-US>'0'</span>，则选择图形字符集作为<span lang=EN-US>G0</span>和<span lang=EN-US>G1</span>，若收到的字符是<span
+lang=EN-US>'B'</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ѡ����ͨ<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>�ַ�����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>G0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>G1</span>���ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则选择普通<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>字符集作为<span
+lang=EN-US>G0</span>和<span lang=EN-US>G1</span>的字符集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L810><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>810</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case ESsetgraph:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 'CSI ( 0'</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>'CSI ( B' - </span>ѡ���ַ�����</p>
+case ESsetgraph:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 'CSI ( 0'</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>'CSI ( B' - </span>选择字符集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L811><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>811</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -42037,7 +42037,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L821><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>821</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
-style='color:blue'>set_cursor</span></u>(currcons);&nbsp; // </span>�������������õĹ��λ�ã�������ʾ�������й��λ�á�</p>
+style='color:blue'>set_cursor</span></u>(currcons);&nbsp; // </span>最后根据上面设置的光标位置，设置显示控制器中光标位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L822><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>822</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -42084,15 +42084,15 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ӳ����ʼ������̨�жϣ�����ʲô�������������������Ļ�ɾ��Ļ�����ʹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>这个子程序初始化控制台中断，其他什么都不做。如果你想让屏幕干净的话，就使用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ʵ���ת���ַ����е���<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_write()</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>适当的转义字符序列调用<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_write()</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ȡ<span
-lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>���򱣴����Ϣ������ȷ����ǰ��ʾ�����ͣ���������������ز�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>读取<span
+lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>程序保存的信息，用以确定当前显示器类型，并且设置所有相关参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -42116,7 +42116,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; char *display_ptr;</
 <p class=a><a name=L839><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>839</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int currcons = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��ǰ�������̨�š�</p>
+</span>当前虚拟控制台号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L840><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>840</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; long base, <u><span
@@ -42128,48 +42128,48 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; long video_memory;</
 <p class=a><a name=L842><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>842</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ���<span lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>����ȡ�õ�ϵͳӲ�����������������<span
-lang=EN-US>60--68</span>�У���ʼ������������ר��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先根据<span lang=EN-US>setup.s</span>程序取得的系统硬件参数（见本程序第<span
+lang=EN-US>60--68</span>行）初始化几个本函数专用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ľ�̬ȫ�ֱ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的静态全局变量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L843><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>843</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>video_num_columns</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>ORIG_VIDEO_COLS</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʾ����ʾ�ַ�������</p>
+// </span>显示器显示字符列数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L844><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>844</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>video_size_row</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>video_num_columns</span></u>
-* 2;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ÿ���ַ���ʹ�õ��ֽ�����</p>
+* 2;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>每行字符需使用的字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L845><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>845</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>video_num_lines</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>ORIG_VIDEO_LINES</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʾ����ʾ�ַ�������</p>
+// </span>显示器显示字符行数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L846><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>846</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>video_page</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>ORIG_VIDEO_PAGE</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ��ʾҳ�档</p>
+// </span>当前显示页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L847><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>847</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>video_erase_char</span></u> = 0x0720;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ַ���<span lang=EN-US>0x20</span>���ַ���<span lang=EN-US>0x07</span>���ԣ���</p>
+// </span>擦除字符（<span lang=EN-US>0x20</span>是字符，<span lang=EN-US>0x07</span>属性）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L848><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>848</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>blankcount</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>blankinterval</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ĭ�ϵĺ������ʱ�䣨���������</p>
+// </span>默认的黑屏间隔时间（嘀嗒数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L849><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>849</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�������ʾģʽ�ǵ�ɫ���ǲ�ɫ�ֱ�������ʹ�õ���ʾ�ڴ���ʼλ���Լ���ʾ�Ĵ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后根据显示模式是单色还是彩色分别设置所使用的显示内存起始位置以及显示寄存器索引</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�˿ںź���ʾ�Ĵ������ݶ˿ںš������õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>��ʾ��ʽ����<span lang=EN-US>7</span>�����ʾ�ǵ�ɫ��ʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>端口号和显示寄存器数据端口号。如果获得的<span
+lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>显示方式等于<span lang=EN-US>7</span>，则表示是单色显示卡。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L850><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>850</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -42182,44 +42182,44 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L852><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>852</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>video_mem_base</span></u> = 0xb0000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���õ���ӳ���ڴ���ʼ��ַ��</p>
+// </span>设置单显映像内存起始地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L853><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>853</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>video_port_reg</span></u> = 0x3b4;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���õ��������Ĵ����˿ڡ�</p>
+// </span>设置单显索引寄存器端口。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L854><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>854</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>video_port_val</span></u> = 0x3b5;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���õ������ݼĴ����˿ڡ�</p>
+// </span>设置单显数据寄存器端口。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ǹ���<span
-lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>�ж�<span lang=EN-US>int 0x10</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0x12</span>��õ���ʾģʽ��Ϣ���ж���ʾ���ǵ�ɫ��ʾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着我们根据<span
+lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>中断<span lang=EN-US>int 0x10</span>功能<span lang=EN-US>0x12</span>获得的显示模式信息，判断显示卡是单色显示卡</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǲ�ɫ��ʾ������ʹ�������жϹ������õ���<span
-lang=EN-US>BX</span>�Ĵ�������ֵ������<span lang=EN-US>0x10</span>����˵����<span lang=EN-US>EGA</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>还是彩色显示卡。若使用上述中断功能所得到的<span
+lang=EN-US>BX</span>寄存器返回值不等于<span lang=EN-US>0x10</span>，则说明是<span lang=EN-US>EGA</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������˳�ʼ��ʾ����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US> EGA</span>��ɫ����Ȼ<span lang=EN-US> EGA </span>�����н϶���ʾ�ڴ棬���ڵ�ɫ��ʽ�����ֻ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>卡。因此初始显示类型为<span
+lang=EN-US> EGA</span>单色。虽然<span lang=EN-US> EGA </span>卡上有较多显示内存，但在单色方式下最多只</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����õ�ַ��Χ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0xb0000--0xb8000</span>֮�����ʾ�ڴ档Ȼ������ʾ�������ַ���Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>'</span><span
-lang=EN-US>EGAm'</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>能利用地址范围在<span
+lang=EN-US>0xb0000--0xb8000</span>之间的显示内存。然后置显示器描述字符串为<span lang=EN-US>'</span><span
+lang=EN-US>EGAm'</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ϵͳ��ʼ���ڼ���ʾ�������ַ�������ʾ����Ļ�����Ͻǡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并会在系统初始化期间显示器描述字符串将显示在屏幕的右上角。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ע�⣬����ʹ����<span
-lang=EN-US>bx</span>�ڵ����ж�<span lang=EN-US>int 0x10</span>ǰ���Ƿ񱻸ı�ķ������жϿ������͡���<span
-lang=EN-US>BL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>注意，这里使用了<span
+lang=EN-US>bx</span>在调用中断<span lang=EN-US>int 0x10</span>前后是否被改变的方法来判断卡的类型。若<span
+lang=EN-US>BL</span>在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�жϵ��ú�ֵ���ı䣬��ʾ��ʾ��֧��<span
-lang=EN-US>Ah=12h</span>���ܵ��ã���<span lang=EN-US>EGA</span>����Ƴ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>VGA</span>�����͵�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中断调用后值被改变，表示显示卡支持<span
+lang=EN-US>Ah=12h</span>功能调用，是<span lang=EN-US>EGA</span>或后推出来的<span
+lang=EN-US>VGA</span>等类型的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ�������жϵ��÷���ֵδ�䣬��ʾ��ʾ����֧��������ܣ���˵����һ�㵥ɫ��ʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>显示卡。若中断调用返回值未变，表示显示卡不支持这个功能，则说明是一般单色显示卡。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L855><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>855</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -42233,24 +42233,24 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><a name=L857><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>857</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>video_type</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>VIDEO_TYPE_EGAM</span></u>;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʾ���ͣ�<span lang=EN-US>EGA</span>��ɫ����</p>
+// </span>设置显示类型（<span lang=EN-US>EGA</span>单色）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L858><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>858</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>video_mem_term</span></u> = 0xb8000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʾ�ڴ�ĩ�˵�ַ��</p>
+// </span>设置显示内存末端地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L859><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>859</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 display_desc = <i>&quot;EGAm&quot;</i>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʾ�����ַ�����</p>
+// </span>设置显示描述字符串。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L860><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>860</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>BX</span>�Ĵ�����ֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0x10</span>����˵���ǵ�ɫ��ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>MDA</span>������<span lang=EN-US>8KB</span>��ʾ�ڴ档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>BX</span>寄存器的值等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0x10</span>，则说明是单色显示卡<span lang=EN-US>MDA</span>，仅有<span lang=EN-US>8KB</span>显示内存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L861><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>861</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -42263,17 +42263,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><a name=L863><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>863</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>video_type</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>VIDEO_TYPE_MDA</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʾ����<span lang=EN-US>(MDA</span>��ɫ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+// </span>设置显示类型<span lang=EN-US>(MDA</span>单色<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L864><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>864</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>video_mem_term</span></u> = 0xb2000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʾ�ڴ�ĩ�˵�ַ��</p>
+// </span>设置显示内存末端地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L865><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>865</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 display_desc = <i>&quot;*MDA&quot;</i>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;// </span>������ʾ�����ַ�����</p>
+&nbsp;// </span>设置显示描述字符串。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L866><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>866</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -42282,11 +42282,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><a name=L867><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>867</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʾ��ʽ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>��˵���ǲ�ɫ��ʾ������ʱ�ı���ʽ��������ʾ�ڴ���ʼ��ַΪ<span lang=EN-US>0xb8000</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果显示方式不为<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>，说明是彩色显示卡。此时文本方式下所用显示内存起始地址为<span lang=EN-US>0xb8000</span>；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ���������Ĵ����˿ڵ�ַΪ <span
-lang=EN-US>0x3d4</span>�����ݼĴ����˿ڵ�ַΪ <span lang=EN-US>0x3d5</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>显示控制索引寄存器端口地址为 <span
+lang=EN-US>0x3d4</span>；数据寄存器端口地址为 <span lang=EN-US>0x3d5</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L868><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>868</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -42299,29 +42299,29 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L870><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>870</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>can_do_colour</span></u> = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ò�ɫ��ʾ��־��</p>
+// </span>设置彩色显示标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L871><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>871</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>video_mem_base</span></u> = 0xb8000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʾ�ڴ���ʼ��ַ��</p>
+// </span>显示内存起始地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L872><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>872</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>video_port_reg</span></u>&nbsp; = 0x3d4;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ò�ɫ��ʾ�����Ĵ����˿ڡ�</p>
+// </span>设置彩色显示索引寄存器端口。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L873><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>873</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>video_port_val</span></u>&nbsp; = 0x3d5;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���ò�ɫ��ʾ���ݼĴ����˿ڡ�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>设置彩色显示数据寄存器端口。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ж���ʾ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>BX</span>������<span lang=EN-US>0x10</span>����˵����<span lang=EN-US>EGA</span>��ʾ������ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>32KB</span>��ʾ�ڴ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再判断显示卡类别。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>BX</span>不等于<span lang=EN-US>0x10</span>，则说明是<span lang=EN-US>EGA</span>显示卡，此时共有<span
+lang=EN-US>32KB</span>显示内存可用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>0xb8000-0xc0000</span>��������˵����<span
-lang=EN-US>CGA</span>��ʾ����ֻ��ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>8KB</span>��ʾ�ڴ棨<span lang=EN-US>0xb8000-0xba000</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（<span lang=EN-US>0xb8000-0xc0000</span>）。否则说明是<span
+lang=EN-US>CGA</span>显示卡，只能使用<span lang=EN-US>8KB</span>显示内存（<span lang=EN-US>0xb8000-0xba000</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L874><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>874</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -42335,17 +42335,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><a name=L876><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>876</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>video_type</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>VIDEO_TYPE_EGAC</span></u>;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʾ���ͣ�<span lang=EN-US>EGA</span>��ɫ����</p>
+// </span>设置显示类型（<span lang=EN-US>EGA</span>彩色）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L877><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>877</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>video_mem_term</span></u> = 0xc0000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʾ�ڴ�ĩ�˵�ַ��</p>
+// </span>设置显示内存末端地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L878><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>878</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 display_desc = <i>&quot;EGAc&quot;</i>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʾ�����ַ�����</p>
+// </span>设置显示描述字符串。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L879><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>879</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -42362,17 +42362,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><a name=L882><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>882</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>video_type</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>VIDEO_TYPE_CGA</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʾ���ͣ�<span lang=EN-US>CGA</span>����</p>
+// </span>设置显示类型（<span lang=EN-US>CGA</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L883><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>883</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>video_mem_term</span></u> = 0xba000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʾ�ڴ�ĩ�˵�ַ��</p>
+// </span>设置显示内存末端地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L884><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>884</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 display_desc = <i>&quot;*CGA&quot;</i>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʾ�����ַ�����</p>
+// </span>设置显示描述字符串。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L885><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>885</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -42381,21 +42381,21 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><a name=L886><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>886</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������㵱ǰ��ʾ���ڴ��Ͽ��Կ�����������̨������Ӳ������������������̨��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在我们来计算当前显示卡内存上可以开设的虚拟控制台数量。硬件允许开设的虚拟控制台数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ʾ�ڴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>video_memory</span>����ÿ���������̨ռ�õ��ֽ�����ÿ���������̨ռ�õ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>量等于总显示内存量<span
+lang=EN-US>video_memory</span>除以每个虚拟控制台占用的字节数。每个虚拟控制台占用的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ�ڴ���������Ļ��ʾ����<span
-lang=EN-US> video_num_lines </span>����ÿ���ַ�ռ�е��ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>video_size_row</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>显示内存数等于屏幕显示行数<span
+lang=EN-US> video_num_lines </span>乘上每行字符占有的字节数<span lang=EN-US>video_size_row</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ӳ������������������̨��������ϵͳ�޶����������<span
-lang=EN-US>MAX_CONSOLES</span>���Ͱ��������̨</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果硬件允许开设的虚拟控制台数量大于系统限定的最大数量<span
+lang=EN-US>MAX_CONSOLES</span>，就把虚拟控制台</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>MAX_CONSOLES</span>����������������������̨����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������ܰɣ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数量设置为<span lang=EN-US>MAX_CONSOLES</span>。若这样计算出的虚拟控制台数量为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则设置为<span lang=EN-US>1</span>（不可能吧！）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ʾ�ڴ��������жϳ����������̨�����õ�ÿ���������̨ռ����ʾ�ڴ��ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后总显示内存数除以判断出的虚拟控制台数即得到每个虚拟控制台占用显示内存字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L887><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>887</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; video_memory = <u><span
@@ -42409,7 +42409,7 @@ style='color:blue'>video_num_lines</span></u> * <u><span style='color:blue'>vide
 <p class=a><a name=L889><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>889</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>NR_CONSOLES</span></u> &gt; <u><span style='color:blue'>MAX_CONSOLES</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// MAX_CONSOLES = 8</span>��</p>
+// MAX_CONSOLES = 8</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L890><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>890</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -42427,7 +42427,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><a name=L893><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>893</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; video_memory /= <u><span
 style='color:blue'>NR_CONSOLES</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ÿ���������̨ռ����ʾ�ڴ��ֽ�����</p>
+// </span>每个虚拟控制台占用显示内存字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L894><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>894</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -42437,20 +42437,20 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Let the
 user known what kind of display driver we are using */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>��ʼ�����ڹ����ı�������Ҫ����<span lang=EN-US>EGA/VGA</span>��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>初始化用于滚屏的变量（主要用于<span lang=EN-US>EGA/VGA</span>）<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L896><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>896</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����������Ļ�����Ͻ���ʾ�����ַ��������õķ�����ֱ�ӽ��ַ���д����ʾ�ڴ����Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后我们在屏幕的右上角显示描述字符串。采用的方法是直接将字符串写到显示内存的相应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ�ô������Ƚ���ʾָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>display_ptr</span>ָ����Ļ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���Ҷ˲�<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>���ַ�����ÿ���ַ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位置处。首先将显示指针<span
+lang=EN-US>display_ptr</span>指到屏幕第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>行右端差<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>个字符处（每个字符需<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ֽڣ���˼�<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>����Ȼ��ѭ�������ַ������ַ�������ÿ����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���ַ����տ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�������ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字节，因此减<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>），然后循环复制字符串的字符，并且每复制<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个字符都空开<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个属性字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L897><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>897</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; display_ptr =
@@ -42483,46 +42483,46 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Initialize
 the variables used for scrolling (mostly EGA/VGA) */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>��ʼ�����ڹ����ı���<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��Ҫ����<span lang=EN-US>EGA/VGA) */</span></p>
+/* </span>初始化用于滚屏的变量<span lang=EN-US>(</span>主要用于<span lang=EN-US>EGA/VGA) */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L905><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>905</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ע�⣬��ʱ��ǰ�������̨��<span
-lang=EN-US>currcons</span>�ѱ���ʼ��λ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���������ʵ�����ǳ�ʼ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>注意，此时当前虚拟控制台号<span
+lang=EN-US>currcons</span>已被初始化位<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。因此下面实际上是初始化<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>号虚拟控</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��̨�Ľṹ<span lang=EN-US>vc_cons[0]</span>�е������ֶ�ֵ�����磬�������<span
-lang=EN-US>origin</span>��ǰ���<span lang=EN-US>115</span>�����ѱ�����Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>制台的结构<span lang=EN-US>vc_cons[0]</span>中的所有字段值。例如，这里符号<span
+lang=EN-US>origin</span>在前面第<span lang=EN-US>115</span>行上已被定义为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // vc_cons[0].vc_origin</span>��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�ſ���̨��Ĭ�Ϲ�����ʼ�ڴ�λ��<span lang=EN-US> video_mem_start</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // vc_cons[0].vc_origin</span>。下面首先设置<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>号控制台的默认滚屏开始内存位置<span lang=EN-US> video_mem_start</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ĭ�Ϲ���ĩ���ڴ�λ�ã�ʵ��������Ҳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�ſ���̨ռ�õĲ�����ʾ�ڴ�����Ȼ���ʼ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和默认滚屏末行内存位置，实际上它们也就是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>号控制台占用的部分显示内存区域。然后初始</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���������̨���������Ժͱ�־ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置<span lang=EN-US>0</span>号虚拟控制台的其他属性和标志值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L906><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>906</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; base = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>origin</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>video_mem_start</span></u>
-= <u><span style='color:blue'>video_mem_base</span></u>;&nbsp; // </span>Ĭ�Ϲ�����ʼ�ڴ�λ�á�</p>
+= <u><span style='color:blue'>video_mem_base</span></u>;&nbsp; // </span>默认滚屏开始内存位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L907><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>907</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>term</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>video_mem_end</span></u>
-= base + video_memory;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0</span>����Ļ�ڴ�ĩ��λ�á�</p>
+= base + video_memory;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0</span>号屏幕内存末端位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L908><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>908</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>scr_end</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>video_mem_start</span></u>
 + <u><span style='color:blue'>video_num_lines</span></u> * <u><span
-style='color:blue'>video_size_row</span></u>; // </span>����ĩ��λ�á�</p>
+style='color:blue'>video_size_row</span></u>; // </span>滚屏末端位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L909><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>909</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>top</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ���ù���ʱ�����кź͵����кš� </p>
+// </span>初始设置滚动时顶行行号和底行行号。 </p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L910><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>910</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -42531,18 +42531,18 @@ style='color:blue'>bottom</span></u>&nbsp; = <u><span style='color:blue'>video_n
 <p class=a><a name=L911><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>911</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>attr</span></u> = 0x07;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ������ʾ�ַ����ԣ��ڵװ��֣���</p>
+// </span>初始设置显示字符属性（黑底白字）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L912><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>912</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>def_attr</span></u> = 0x07;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>����Ĭ����ʾ�ַ����ԡ�</p>
+</span>设置默认显示字符属性。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L913><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>913</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>restate</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>state</span></u>
 = ESnormal;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ��ת�����в����ĵ�ǰ����һ״̬��</p>
+// </span>初始化转义序列操作的当前和下一状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L914><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>914</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -42551,32 +42551,32 @@ style='color:blue'>checkin</span></u> = 0;</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L915><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>915</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>ques</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�յ��ʺ��ַ���־��</p>
+// </span>收到问号字符标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L916><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>916</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>iscolor</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ɫ��ʾ��־��</p>
+// </span>彩色显示标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L917><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>917</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>translate</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>NORM_TRANS</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ʹ�õ��ַ�������ͨ<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>�������</p>
+// </span>使用的字符集（普通<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码表）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L918><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>918</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>vc_cons</span></u>[0].vc_bold_attr = -1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ַ����Ա�־��<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>��ʾ���ã���</p>
+// </span>粗体字符属性标志（<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>表示不用）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L919><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>919</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�ſ���̨��ǰ�������λ�ú͹���Ӧ���ڴ�λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pos</span>������ѭ����������ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在设置了<span lang=EN-US>0</span>号控制台当前光标所在位置和光标对应的内存位置<span
+lang=EN-US>pos</span>后，我们循环设置其余的几</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������̨�ṹ�Ĳ���ֵ�����˸���ռ�õ���ʾ�ڴ濪ʼ�ͽ���λ�ò�ͬ�����ǵĳ�ʼֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个虚拟控制台结构的参数值。除了各自占用的显示内存开始和结束位置不同，它们的初始值基</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���϶���<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�ſ���̨��ͬ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>本上都与<span lang=EN-US>0</span>号控制台相同。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L920><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>920</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -42590,8 +42590,8 @@ currcons&lt;<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_CONSOLES</span></u>; currcons++) {</s
 <p class=a><a name=L922><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>922</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>vc_cons</span></u>[currcons] = <u><span
-style='color:blue'>vc_cons</span></u>[0];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�Žṹ�Ĳ�����</p>
+style='color:blue'>vc_cons</span></u>[0];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复制<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>号结构的参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L923><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>923</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -42612,52 +42612,52 @@ style='color:blue'>term</span></u> += video_memory);</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>926</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>gotoxy</span></u>(currcons,0,0);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��궼��ʼ������Ļ���Ͻ�λ�á�</p>
+// </span>光标都初始化在屏幕左上角位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L927><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>927</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������õ�ǰǰ̨����̨����Ļԭ�㣨���Ͻǣ�λ�ú���ʾ�������й����ʾλ�ã������ü�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后设置当前前台控制台的屏幕原点（左上角）位置和显示控制器中光标显示位置，并设置键</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ж�<span lang=EN-US>0x21</span>��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>&amp;keyboard_interrupt</span>�Ǽ����жϴ������̵�ַ����Ȼ��ȡ���ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>盘中断<span lang=EN-US>0x21</span>陷阱门描述符（<span
+lang=EN-US>&amp;keyboard_interrupt</span>是键盘中断处理过程地址）。然后取消中断</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����оƬ<span lang=EN-US>8259A
-</span>�жԼ����жϵ����Σ�������Ӧ���̷����� <span lang=EN-US>IRQ1 </span>�����źš����λ���̿�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制芯片<span lang=EN-US>8259A
+</span>中对键盘中断的屏蔽，允许响应键盘发出的 <span lang=EN-US>IRQ1 </span>请求信号。最后复位键盘控</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������̿�ʼ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>制器以允许键盘开始正常工作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L928><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>928</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>update_screen</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ǰ̨ԭ������ù��λ�á�</p>
+// </span>更新前台原点和设置光标位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L929><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>929</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>set_trap_gate</span></u>(0x21,&amp;<u><span
-style='color:blue'>keyboard_interrupt</span></u>); // </span>�μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>system.h</span>����<span lang=EN-US>36</span>�п�ʼ��</p>
+style='color:blue'>keyboard_interrupt</span></u>); // </span>参见<span
+lang=EN-US>system.h</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>36</span>行开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L930><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>930</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>inb_p</span></u>(0x21)&amp;0xfd,0x21);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ���Լ����жϵ����Σ�����<span lang=EN-US>IRQ1</span>��</p>
+// </span>取消对键盘中断的屏蔽，允许<span lang=EN-US>IRQ1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L931><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>931</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a=<u><span
 style='color:blue'>inb_p</span></u>(0x61);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ȡ���̶˿�<span lang=EN-US>0x61</span>��<span lang=EN-US>8255A</span>�˿�<span
-lang=EN-US>PB</span>����</p>
+// </span>读取键盘端口<span lang=EN-US>0x61</span>（<span lang=EN-US>8255A</span>端口<span
+lang=EN-US>PB</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L932><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>932</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(a|0x80,0x61);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���ý�ֹ���̹�����λ<span lang=EN-US>7</span>��λ����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>设置禁止键盘工作（位<span lang=EN-US>7</span>置位），</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L933><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>933</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(a,0x61);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���������̹��������Ը�λ���̡�</p>
+// </span>再允许键盘工作，用以复位键盘。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L934><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>934</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -42665,10 +42665,10 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L935><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>935</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���µ�ǰǰ̨����̨��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>更新当前前台控制台。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ̨����̨ת��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>fg_console</span>ָ�����������̨��<span lang=EN-US>fg_console</span>�����õ�ǰ̨�������̨�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把前台控制台转换为<span
+lang=EN-US>fg_console</span>指定的虚拟控制台。<span lang=EN-US>fg_console</span>是设置的前台虚拟控制台号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L936><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>936</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>update_screen</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -42680,12 +42680,12 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>set_origin</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>fg_console</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>���ù�����ʼ��ʾ�ڴ��ַ��</p>
+</span>设置滚屏起始显示内存地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L939><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>939</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>set_cursor</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>fg_console</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʾ�������й����ʾ�ڴ�λ�á�</p>
+// </span>设置显示控制器中光标显示内存位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L940><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>940</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -42699,11 +42699,11 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* from bsd-net-2: */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L943><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>943</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ֹͣ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>停止蜂鸣。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>8255A
-PB</span>�˿ڵ�λ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>�����Ķ�ʱ�����˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复位<span lang=EN-US>8255A
+PB</span>端口的位<span lang=EN-US>1</span>和位<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。参见<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>程序后的定时器编程说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L944><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>944</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>sysbeepstop</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -42713,7 +42713,7 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L946><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>946</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/* disable
-counter 2 */</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>��ֹ��ʱ��<span lang=EN-US>2 */</span></p>
+counter 2 */</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>禁止定时器<span lang=EN-US>2 */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L947><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>947</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -42728,25 +42728,25 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L950><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>950</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>beepcount</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʱ����઼�����</p>
+// </span>蜂鸣时间嘀嗒计数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L951><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>951</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ͨ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>开通蜂鸣。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 8255A</span>оƬ<span
-lang=EN-US>PB</span>�˿ڵ�λ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����������Ŀ����źţ�λ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>8253</span>��ʱ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�����źţ��ö�ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 8255A</span>芯片<span
+lang=EN-US>PB</span>端口的位<span lang=EN-US>1</span>用作扬声器的开门信号；位<span lang=EN-US>0</span>用作<span
+lang=EN-US>8253</span>定时器<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的门信号，该定时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������������������Ϊ������������Ƶ�ʡ����Ҫʹ��������������Ҫ���������ȿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>器的输出脉冲送往扬声器，作为扬声器发声的频率。因此要使扬声器蜂鸣，需要两步：首先开</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US> PB</span>�˿ڣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x61</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�� λ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����λ����Ȼ�����ö�ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>ͨ������һ���Ķ�ʱƵ�ʼ��ɡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>启<span lang=EN-US> PB</span>端口（<span
+lang=EN-US>0x61</span>）位<span lang=EN-US>1</span>和 位<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（置位），然后设置定时器<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>通道发送一定的定时频率即可。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�μ�<span lang=EN-US>boot/setup.s</span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>8259A</span>оƬ��̷�����<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>�����Ķ�ʱ�����˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参见<span lang=EN-US>boot/setup.s</span>程序后<span
+lang=EN-US>8259A</span>芯片编程方法和<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>程序后的定时器编程说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L952><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>952</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>sysbeep</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -42756,7 +42756,7 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L954><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>954</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* enable
-counter 2 */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>������ʱ��<span
+counter 2 */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>开启定时器<span
 lang=EN-US>2 */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L955><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>955</span></u></a><span
@@ -42766,23 +42766,23 @@ style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>inb_p</span></u
 
 <p class=a><a name=L956><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>956</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* set
-command for counter 2, 2 byte write */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�����ö�ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>����<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+command for counter 2, 2 byte write */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>送设置定时器<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>命令<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L957><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>957</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(0xB6, 0x43);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʱ��оƬ�����ּĴ����˿ڡ�</p>
+// </span>定时器芯片控制字寄存器端口。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L958><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>958</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* send 0x637
-for 750 HZ */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����Ƶ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>750HZ</span>������Ͷ�ʱֵ<span
+for 750 HZ */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>设置频率为<span lang=EN-US>750HZ</span>，因此送定时值<span
 lang=EN-US>0x637 */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L959><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>959</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(0x37, 0x42);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ͨ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���ݶ˿ڷֱ��ͼ����ߵ��ֽڡ�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>通道<span lang=EN-US>2</span>数据端口分别送计数高低字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L960><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>960</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -42791,7 +42791,7 @@ style='color:blue'>outb</span></u>(0x06, 0x42);</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L961><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>961</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* 1/8 second
 */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>����ʱ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1/8</span>��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>蜂鸣时间为<span lang=EN-US>1/8</span>秒<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L962><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>962</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -42804,12 +42804,12 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L964><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>964</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>������Ļ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>拷贝屏幕。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ļ���ݸ��Ƶ�����ָ�����û�������<span
-lang=EN-US>arg</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把屏幕内容复制到参数指定的用户缓冲区<span
+lang=EN-US>arg</span>中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>��������;��һ�����ڴ��ݿ���̨�ţ�������Ϊ�û�������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>有两个用途，一是用于传递控制台号，二是作为用户缓冲区指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L965><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>965</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>do_screendump</span></u>(int arg)</span></p>
@@ -42827,11 +42827,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int currcons, l;</sp
 <p class=a><a name=L969><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>969</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������֤�û��ṩ�Ļ�����������������������ʵ���չ��Ȼ����俪ʼ��ȡ������̨</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数首先验证用户提供的缓冲区容量，若不够则进行适当扩展。然后从其开始处取出控制台</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>currcons</span>�����жϿ���̨����Ч֮�󣬾ͰѸÿ���̨��Ļ�������ڴ����ݸ��Ƶ��û�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号<span lang=EN-US>currcons</span>。在判断控制台号有效之后，就把该控制台屏幕的所有内存内容复制到用户缓冲</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>区中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L970><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>970</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -42876,9 +42876,9 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L980><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>980</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>黑屏处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���û���<span lang=EN-US>blankInterval</span>ʱ������û�а��κΰ���ʱ������Ļ�������Ա�����Ļ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当用户在<span lang=EN-US>blankInterval</span>时间间隔内没有按任何按键时就让屏幕黑屏，以保护屏幕。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L981><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>981</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>blank_screen</span></u>()</span></p>
@@ -42905,9 +42905,9 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L987><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>987</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ָ���������Ļ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>恢复黑屏的屏幕。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���û������κΰ���ʱ���ͻָ����ں���״̬����Ļ��ʾ���ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当用户按下任何按键时，就恢复处于黑屏状态的屏幕显示内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L988><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>988</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>unblank_screen</span></u>()</span></p>
@@ -42934,17 +42934,17 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L994><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>994</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����̨��ʾ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>控制台显示函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú����������ں���ʾ����<span
-lang=EN-US>printk()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/printk.c</span>���������ڵ�ǰǰ̨����̨����ʾ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数仅用于内核显示函数<span
+lang=EN-US>printk()</span>（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/printk.c</span>），用于在当前前台控制台上显示</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں���Ϣ������������ѭ��ȡ���������е��ַ����������ַ������Կ��ƹ���ƶ���ֱ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核信息。处理方法是循环取出缓冲区中的字符，并根据字符的特性控制光标移动或直接显</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʾ����Ļ�ϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>示在屏幕上。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���� <span lang=EN-US>b</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>null</span>��β���ַ���������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数 <span lang=EN-US>b</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>null</span>结尾的字符串缓冲区指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L995><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>995</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>console_print</span></u>(const
@@ -42963,10 +42963,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; char c;</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L999><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>999</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ѭ����ȡ������<span
-lang=EN-US>b</span>�е��ַ��������ǰ�ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c</span>�ǻ��з�����Թ��ִ�лس����в�����Ȼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>循环读取缓冲区<span
+lang=EN-US>b</span>中的字符。如果当前字符<span lang=EN-US>c</span>是换行符，则对光标执行回车换行操作；然后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȥ������һ���ַ�������ǻس�������ֱ��ִ�лس�������Ȼ��ȥ������һ���ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>去处理下一个字符。如果是回车符，就直接执行回车动作。然后去处理下一个字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L1000><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>1000</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (c = *(b++))
@@ -43008,12 +43008,12 @@ continue;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڶ�ȡ��һ�����ǻس������ַ���������ֵ�ǰ�����λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>x</span>�Ѿ�������Ļ��ĩ�ˣ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在读取了一个不是回车或换行字符后，如果发现当前光标列位置<span
+lang=EN-US>x</span>已经到达屏幕右末端，则让</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>����۷�����һ�п�ʼ����Ȼ����ַ��ŵ����������ʾ�ڴ�λ�ô���������Ļ����ʾ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>光标折返到下一行开始处。然后把字符放到光标所处显示内存位置处，即在屏幕上显示出来。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ٰѹ������һ��λ�ã�Ϊ��ʾ��һ���ַ���׼����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再把光标右移一格位置，为显示下一个字符作准备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L1010><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>1010</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -43036,20 +43036,20 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US>al</span>������Ҫ��ʾ���ַ�������������ֽڷŵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ah</span>�У�Ȼ���<span lang=EN-US>ax</span>���ݴ洢������ڴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>寄存器<span lang=EN-US>al</span>中是需要显示的字符，这里把属性字节放到<span
+lang=EN-US>ah</span>中，然后把<span lang=EN-US>ax</span>内容存储到光标内存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ��<span lang=EN-US>pos</span>�������ڹ�괦��ʾ�ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位置<span lang=EN-US>pos</span>处，即在光标处显示字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L1015><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>1015</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 __asm__(<i>&quot;movb %2,%%ah\n\t&quot;</i> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�����ֽڷŵ�<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>�С�</p>
+</span>属性字节放到<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L1016><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>1016</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;movw %%ax,%1\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ax</span>���ݷŵ�<span lang=EN-US>pos</span>����</p>
+// ax</span>内容放到<span lang=EN-US>pos</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L1017><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>1017</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -43080,7 +43080,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L1024><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>1024</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
-style='color:blue'>set_cursor</span></u>(currcons); // </span>������õĹ���ڴ�λ�ã�������ʾ�������й��λ�á�</p>
+style='color:blue'>set_cursor</span></u>(currcons); // </span>最后设置的光标内存位置，设置显示控制器中光标位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L1025><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>1025</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -43104,7 +43104,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447995"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447399"></a><a name="_Toc53320624"><span lang=EN-US>10.3 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>10-3 linux/kernel/chr_drv/serial.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>10-3 linux/kernel/chr_drv/serial.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -43151,8 +43151,8 @@ and all interrupts pertaining to serial IO.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;serial.c</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ó�������ʵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>rs232</span>�������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该程序用于实现<span
+lang=EN-US>rs232</span>的输入输出函数</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; void
 rs_write(struct tty_struct *queue);</span></p>
@@ -43160,59 +43160,59 @@ rs_write(struct tty_struct *queue);</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 void rs_init(void);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�Լ��봮��<span
-lang=EN-US>IO</span>�й�ϵ�������жϴ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>以及与串行<span
+lang=EN-US>IO</span>有关系的所有中断处理程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/tty.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>ͷ�ļ����������й�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_io</span>������ͨ�ŷ���Ĳ�����������</p>
+#include &lt;linux/tty.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>头文件，定义了有关<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_io</span>，串行通信方面的参数、常数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ����������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵȵ�Ƕ��ʽ���ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等的嵌入式汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // io</span>ͷ�ļ�������Ӳ���˿�����<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>���������䡣</p>
+#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // io</span>头文件。定义硬件端口输入<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>输出宏汇编语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WAKEUP_CHARS</span></u> (<u><span
-style='color:blue'>TTY_BUF_SIZE</span></u>/4)&nbsp; // </span>��д�����к���<span
-lang=EN-US>WAKEUP_CHARS</span>���ַ�ʱ�Ϳ�ʼ���͡�</p>
+style='color:blue'>TTY_BUF_SIZE</span></u>/4)&nbsp; // </span>当写队列中含有<span
+lang=EN-US>WAKEUP_CHARS</span>个字符时就开始发送。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>rs1_interrupt</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���п�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���жϴ�������<span lang=EN-US>rs_io.s, 34</span>�У���</p>
+// </span>串行口<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的中断处理程序（<span lang=EN-US>rs_io.s, 34</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>rs2_interrupt</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���п�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���жϴ�������<span lang=EN-US>rs_io.s, 38</span>�У���</p>
+// </span>串行口<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的中断处理程序（<span lang=EN-US>rs_io.s, 38</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ʼ�����ж˿�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>初始化串行端口</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ�����ж˿ڵĴ��䲨���ʣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>2400bps</span>������������д���ּĴ���������������ж�Դ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置指定串行端口的传输波特率（<span
+lang=EN-US>2400bps</span>）并允许除了写保持寄存器空以外的所有中断源。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���⣬�����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽڵĲ���������ʱ��������������·���ƼĴ�����<span lang=EN-US>DLAB</span>λ��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>另外，在输出<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>字节的波特率因子时，须首先设置线路控制寄存器的<span lang=EN-US>DLAB</span>位（位<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>port</span>�Ǵ��ж˿ڻ���ַ������<span
-lang=EN-US>1 - 0x3F8</span>������<span lang=EN-US>2 - 0x2F8</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>port</span>是串行端口基地址，串口<span
+lang=EN-US>1 - 0x3F8</span>；串口<span lang=EN-US>2 - 0x2F8</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>init</span></u>(int port)</span></p>
@@ -43251,46 +43251,46 @@ enable all intrs but writes */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ʼ�������жϳ���ʹ��нӿڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>初始化串行中断程序和串行接口。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж���������<span
-lang=EN-US>IDT</span>�е������������ú�<span lang=EN-US>set_intr_gate()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>include/asm/system.h</span>��ʵ�֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中断描述符表<span
+lang=EN-US>IDT</span>中的门描述符设置宏<span lang=EN-US>set_intr_gate()</span>在<span
+lang=EN-US>include/asm/system.h</span>中实现。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>rs_init</span></u>(void)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������������������пڵ��ж�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>rs1_interrupt</span>�Ǵ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���жϴ�������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面两句用于设置两个串行口的中断门描述符。<span
+lang=EN-US>rs1_interrupt</span>是串口<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的中断处理过程指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ʹ�õ��ж���<span
-lang=EN-US>int 0x24</span>������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����<span lang=EN-US>int
-0x23</span>���μ���<span lang=EN-US>2-2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>system.h</span>�ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>串口<span lang=EN-US>1</span>使用的中断是<span
+lang=EN-US>int 0x24</span>，串口<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的是<span lang=EN-US>int
+0x23</span>。参见表<span lang=EN-US>2-2</span>和<span lang=EN-US>system.h</span>文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>set_intr_gate</span></u>(0x24,<u><span
-style='color:blue'>rs1_interrupt</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ô��п�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���ж�������<span lang=EN-US>(IRQ4</span>�ź�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+style='color:blue'>rs1_interrupt</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置串行口<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>的中断门向量<span lang=EN-US>(IRQ4</span>信号<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>set_intr_gate</span></u>(0x23,<u><span
-style='color:blue'>rs2_interrupt</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ô��п�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>���ж�������<span lang=EN-US>(IRQ3</span>�ź�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+style='color:blue'>rs2_interrupt</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置串行口<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的中断门向量<span lang=EN-US>(IRQ3</span>信号<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>init</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>tty_table</span></u>[64].read_q-&gt;data);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ�����п�<span lang=EN-US>1(.data</span>�Ƕ˿ڻ���ַ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+// </span>初始化串行口<span lang=EN-US>1(.data</span>是端口基地址<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>init</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>tty_table</span></u>[65].read_q-&gt;data);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ�����п�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+// </span>初始化串行口<span lang=EN-US>2</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>outb</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>inb_p</span></u>(0x21)&amp;0xE7,0x21);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>��Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>IRQ3</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>IRQ4</span>�ж�����</p>
+// </span>允许主<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>响应<span lang=EN-US>IRQ3</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>IRQ4</span>中断请求。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u> }</span></p>
 
@@ -43316,31 +43316,31 @@ void _rs_write(struct tty_struct * tty);</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_write()</span>�ѽ����ݷ������<span lang=EN-US>(</span>д<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>����ʱ�����������ӳ����ڸ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>在<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_write()</span>已将数据放入输出<span lang=EN-US>(</span>写<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>队列时会调用下面的子程序。在该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ӳ����б������ȼ��д�����Ƿ�Ϊ�գ�Ȼ��������Ӧ�жϼĴ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>子程序中必须首先检查写队列是否为空，然后设置相应中断寄存器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�������ݷ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>串行数据发送输出。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú���ʵ����ֻ�ǿ������ͱ��ּĴ����ѿ��жϱ�־���˺󵱷��ͱ��ּĴ�����ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>UART</span>�ͻ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数实际上只是开启发送保持寄存器已空中断标志。此后当发送保持寄存器空时，<span
+lang=EN-US>UART</span>就会</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ж����󡣶��ڸô����жϴ��������У������ȡ��д����βָ�봦���ַ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>产生中断请求。而在该串行中断处理过程中，程序会取出写队列尾指针处的字符，并输出到发</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͱ��ּĴ����С�һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>UART</span>�Ѹ��ַ������˳�ȥ�����ͱ��ּĴ����ֻ��ն������ж�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>送保持寄存器中。一旦<span
+lang=EN-US>UART</span>把该字符发送了出去，发送保持寄存器又会变空而引发中断请求。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ֻҪд�����л����ַ���ϵͳ�ͻ��ظ�����������̣����ַ�һ��һ���ط��ͳ�ȥ����д</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于是只要写队列中还有字符，系统就会重复这个处理过程，把字符一个一个地发送出去。当写</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������ַ��������˳�ȥ��д���б���ˣ��жϴ�������ͻ���ж������Ĵ����еķ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>队列中所有字符都发送了出去，写队列变空了，中断处理程序就会把中断允许寄存器中的发送</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ּĴ����ж�������־��λ�����Ӷ��ٴν�ֹ���ͱ��ּĴ����������ж����󡣴˴Ρ�ѭ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>保持寄存器中断允许标志复位掉，从而再次禁止发送保持寄存器空引发中断请求。此次“循环”</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ͳ���Ҳ��֮������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>发送操作也随之结束。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>rs_write</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -43348,14 +43348,14 @@ style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u> * tty)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���д���в��գ������ȴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x3f9</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0x2f9</span>����ȡ�ж������Ĵ������ݣ����Ϸ��ͱ��ּĴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果写队列不空，则首先从<span
+lang=EN-US>0x3f9</span>（或<span lang=EN-US>0x2f9</span>）读取中断允许寄存器内容，添上发送保持寄存器</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж�������־��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������д�ظüĴ����������������ͱ��ּĴ�����ʱ<span lang=EN-US>UART</span>���ܹ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中断允许标志（位<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>）后，再写回该寄存器。这样，当发送保持寄存器空时<span lang=EN-US>UART</span>就能够因期望</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������͵��ַ��������жϡ�<span
-lang=EN-US>write_q.data</span>���Ǵ��ж˿ڻ���ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>获得欲发送的字符而引发中断。<span
+lang=EN-US>write_q.data</span>中是串行端口基地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>cli</span></u>();</span></p>
@@ -43389,7 +43389,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447996"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447400"></a><a name="_Toc53320625"><span lang=EN-US>10.4 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>10-4 linux/kernel/chr_drv/rs_io.s</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>10-4 linux/kernel/chr_drv/rs_io.s</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -43429,8 +43429,8 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>10-4 linux/
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ģ��ʵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>rs232</span>��������жϴ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该模块实现<span
+lang=EN-US>rs232</span>输入输出中断处理程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -43444,8 +43444,8 @@ lang=EN-US>rs232</span>��������жϴ�������</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // size</span>�Ƕ�д���л��������ֽڳ��ȡ���ֵ������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�Ĵη������ұ�����<span lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>�е�ƥ�䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // size</span>是读写队列缓冲区的字节长度。该值必须是<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的次方，并且必须与<span lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>中的匹配。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 size&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
@@ -43463,48 +43463,48 @@ in tty_io.c!!! */</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u> /*
 these are the offsets into the read/write buffer structures */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>������Щ�Ƕ�д������нṹ�е�ƫ����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>以下这些是读写缓冲队列结构中的偏移量<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӧ <span lang=EN-US>include/linux/tty.h
-</span>�ļ��� <span lang=EN-US>tty_queue </span>�ṹ�и��ֶε��ֽ�ƫ����������<span lang=EN-US>rs_addr</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对应 <span lang=EN-US>include/linux/tty.h
+</span>文件中 <span lang=EN-US>tty_queue </span>结构中各字段的字节偏移量。其中<span lang=EN-US>rs_addr</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>tty_queue</span>�ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>data</span>�ֶΡ����ڴ����ն˻�����У����ֶδ���Ŵ��ж˿ڻ���ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对应<span lang=EN-US>tty_queue</span>结构的<span
+lang=EN-US>data</span>字段。对于串行终端缓冲队列，该字段存放着串行端口基地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 rs_addr = 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ж˿ں��ֶ�ƫ�ƣ��˿���<span lang=EN-US>0x3f8</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x2f8</span>����</p>
+// </span>串行端口号字段偏移（端口是<span lang=EN-US>0x3f8</span>或<span lang=EN-US>0x2f8</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u> head
 = 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������ͷָ���ֶ�ƫ�ơ�</p>
+// </span>缓冲区中头指针字段偏移。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 tail = 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������βָ���ֶ�ƫ�ơ�</p>
+// </span>缓冲区中尾指针字段偏移。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 proc_list = 12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ȴ��û���Ľ����ֶ�ƫ�ơ�</p>
+// </span>等待该缓冲的进程字段偏移。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u> buf
 = 16&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ֶ�ƫ�ơ�</p>
+// </span>缓冲区字段偏移。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ��д������������ں˾ͻ��Ҫ��д�������ַ��Ľ�������Ϊ�ȴ�״̬����д�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当一个写缓冲队列满后，内核就会把要往写队列填字符的进程设置为等待状态。当写缓冲队列</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�л�ʣ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>256</span>���ַ�ʱ���жϴ�������Ϳ��Ի�����Щ�ȴ����̼�����д�����з��ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中还剩余最多<span
+lang=EN-US>256</span>个字符时，中断处理程序就可以唤醒这些等待进程继续往写队列中放字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 startup = 256&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/*
 chars left in write queue when we restart it */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>���������¿�ʼдʱ����������໹ʣ���ַ�������<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+/* </span>当我们重新开始写时，队列里最多还剩余字符个数。<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -43521,27 +43521,27 @@ chars left in write queue when we restart it */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Щ��ʵ�ʵ��жϴ������򡣳������ȼ���жϵ���Դ��Ȼ��ִ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>这些是实际的中断处理程序。程序首先检查中断的来源，然后执行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Ӧ�Ĵ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>相应的处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ж˿�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�жϴ���������ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>串行端口<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>中断处理程序入口点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ��ʱ<span lang=EN-US>rs1_interrupt</span>��ַ�������ж�������<span
-lang=EN-US>0x24</span>�У���Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>���ж�����<span lang=EN-US>IRQ4</span>���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>初始化时<span lang=EN-US>rs1_interrupt</span>地址被放入中断描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>0x24</span>中，对应<span lang=EN-US>8259A</span>的中断请求<span lang=EN-US>IRQ4</span>引脚。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ȱ�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>���д����ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����д�������ָ��ĵ�ַ��ջ��<span lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>81</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这里首先把<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>表中串行终端<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>（串口<span lang=EN-US>1</span>）读写缓冲队列指针的地址入栈（<span lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>81</span>），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����ת��<span lang=EN-US>rs_int</span>���������������������ô���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ʹ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�Ĵ������빫�á��ַ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后跳转到<span lang=EN-US>rs_int</span>继续处理。这样做可以让串口<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>和串口<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的处理代码公用。字符缓冲队列</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ṹ<span lang=EN-US>tty_queue</span>��ʽ��μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>include/linux/tty.h</span>����<span lang=EN-US>22</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>结构<span lang=EN-US>tty_queue</span>格式请参见<span
+lang=EN-US>include/linux/tty.h</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>22</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 .align 2</span></p>
@@ -43550,7 +43550,7 @@ lang=EN-US>include/linux/tty.h</span>����<span lang=EN-US>22</span>�С
 _rs1_interrupt:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-pushl $_table_list+8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>���д���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��д�������ָ���ַ��ջ��</p>
+pushl $_table_list+8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>表中串口<span lang=EN-US>1</span>读写缓冲队列指针地址入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmp rs_int</span></p>
@@ -43558,41 +43558,41 @@ jmp rs_int</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 .align 2</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ж˿�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�жϴ���������ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>串行端口<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>中断处理程序入口点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
 _rs2_interrupt:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-pushl $_table_list+16&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>���д���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��д�������ָ���ַ��ջ��</p>
+pushl $_table_list+16&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>表中串口<span lang=EN-US>2</span>读写缓冲队列指针地址入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��δ��������öμĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ds</span>��<span lang=EN-US>es</span>ָ���ں����ݶΣ�Ȼ��Ӷ�Ӧ��д�������<span
-lang=EN-US>data</span>�ֶ�ȡ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这段代码首先让段寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>ds</span>、<span lang=EN-US>es</span>指向内核数据段，然后从对应读写缓冲队列<span
+lang=EN-US>data</span>字段取出</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ж˿ڻ���ַ���õ�ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�����жϱ�ʶ�Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US>IIR</span>�Ķ˿ڵ�ַ����λ<span
-lang=EN-US>0 = 0</span>����ʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>串行端口基地址。该地址加<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>即是中断标识寄存器<span lang=EN-US>IIR</span>的端口地址。若位<span
+lang=EN-US>0 = 0</span>，表示有需</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ҫ�������жϡ����Ǹ���λ<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ʹ��ָ����ת��������Ӧ�ж�Դ���ʹ����ӳ�����ÿ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>要处理的中断。于是根据位<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>、位<span lang=EN-US>1</span>使用指针跳转表调用相应中断源类型处理子程序。在每</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ӳ����л��ڴ������λ<span
-lang=EN-US>UART </span>����Ӧ�ж�Դ�����ӳ��򷵻غ���δ����ѭ���ж���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个子程序中会在处理完后复位<span
+lang=EN-US>UART </span>的相应中断源。在子程序返回后这段代码会循环判断是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ж�Դ��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>0 = 0</span>��������������жϻ��������ж�Դ����<span lang=EN-US>IIR</span>��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��Ȼ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否还有其他中断源（位<span
+lang=EN-US>0 = 0</span>？）。如果本次中断还有其他中断源，则<span lang=EN-US>IIR</span>的位<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>仍然是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϴ���������ٵ�����Ӧ�ж�Դ�ӳ������������ֱ�����𱾴��жϵ������ж�Դ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于是中断处理程序会再调用相应中断源子程序继续处理。直到引起本次中断的所有中断源都</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������λ����ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>UART</span>���Զ�������<span lang=EN-US>IIR</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>0 =1</span>����ʾ���޴��������жϣ������ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>被处理并复位，此时<span
+lang=EN-US>UART</span>会自动地设置<span lang=EN-US>IIR</span>的位<span lang=EN-US>0 =1</span>，表示已无待处理的中断，于是中断</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������򼴿��˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处理程序即可退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 rs_int:</span></p>
@@ -43624,36 +43624,36 @@ $0x10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pop %ds&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>��������һ���жϳ������ǲ�֪��<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>�Ƿ���ȷ��<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+/* </span>由于这是一个中断程序，我们不知道<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>是否正确，<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pushl $0x10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>���Լ������ǣ���<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>��<span lang=EN-US>es</span>ָ���ں����ݶΣ�<span
+/* </span>所以加载它们（让<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>、<span lang=EN-US>es</span>指向内核数据段）<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pop %es</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-movl 24(%esp),%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ����<span lang=EN-US>35</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>39</span>����ջ����Ӧ���ڻ������ָ���ַ��</p>
+movl 24(%esp),%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取上面<span lang=EN-US>35</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>39</span>行入栈的相应串口缓冲队列指针地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-movl (%edx),%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��������нṹָ�루��ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>edx</span>��</p>
+movl (%edx),%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取读缓冲队列结构指针（地址）<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>edx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-movl rs_addr(%edx),%edx // </span>ȡ����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���򴮿�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>���˿ڻ���ַ<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>edx</span>��</p>
+movl rs_addr(%edx),%edx // </span>取串口<span lang=EN-US>1</span>（或串口<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>）端口基地址<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US>edx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 addl $2,%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* interrupt ident. reg */ &nbsp;/* </span>ָ���жϱ�ʶ�Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* interrupt ident. reg */ &nbsp;/* </span>指向中断标识寄存器<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�жϱ�ʶ�Ĵ����˿ڵ�ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x3fa</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x2fa</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>中断标识寄存器端口地址是<span
+lang=EN-US>0x3fa</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0x2fa</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>
 rep_int:</span></p>
@@ -43663,71 +43663,71 @@ xorl %eax,%eax</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inb %dx,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ�жϱ�ʶ�ֽڣ����ж��ж���Դ����<span lang=EN-US>4</span>���ж��������</p>
+// </span>取中断标识字节，以判断中断来源（有<span lang=EN-US>4</span>种中断情况）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 testb $1,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ж����޴������жϣ�λ<span lang=EN-US>0 = 0</span>���жϣ���</p>
+// </span>首先判断有无待处理中断（位<span lang=EN-US>0 = 0</span>有中断）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jne end&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���޴������жϣ�����ת���˳�������<span lang=EN-US>end</span>��</p>
+// </span>若无待处理中断，则跳转至退出处理处<span lang=EN-US>end</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 cmpb
 $6,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* this shouldn't happen, but ... */ /*</span>�ⲻ�ᷢ������<span lang=EN-US>��*/</span></p>
+/* this shouldn't happen, but ... */ /*</span>这不会发生，但<span lang=EN-US>…*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ja end&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// al</span>ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>6</span>������ת��<span lang=EN-US>end</span>��û������״̬����</p>
+// al</span>值大于<span lang=EN-US>6</span>，则跳转至<span lang=EN-US>end</span>（没有这种状态）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-movl 24(%esp),%ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ӳ���֮ǰ�ѻ������ָ���ַ����<span
-lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��</p>
+movl 24(%esp),%ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>调用子程序之前把缓冲队列指针地址放入<span
+lang=EN-US>ecx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pushl %edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʱ�����жϱ�ʶ�Ĵ����˿ڵ�ַ��</p>
+// </span>临时保存中断标识寄存器端口地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 subl $2,%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// edx</span>�лָ����ڻ���ֵַ<span lang=EN-US>0x3f8</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x2f8</span>����</p>
+// edx</span>中恢复串口基地址值<span lang=EN-US>0x3f8</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0x2f8</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;call
 jmp_table(,%eax,2) /* NOTE! not *4, bit0 is 0 already */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ָ�����д������ж�ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>al</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>0=0</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���ж����ͣ�����൱���Ѿ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>上面语句是指，当有待处理中断时，<span
+lang=EN-US>al</span>中位<span lang=EN-US>0=0</span>，位<span lang=EN-US>2</span>、位<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>是中断类型，因此相当于已经将</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж����ͳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�������ٳ�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�������ת������<span lang=EN-US>79</span>�У���Ӧ���ж����͵�ַ������ת������ȥ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中断类型乘了<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>，这里再乘<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，获得跳转表（第<span lang=EN-US>79</span>行）对应各中断类型地址，并跳转到那里去</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ӧ�������ж���Դ��<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>�֣�<span lang=EN-US>modem</span>״̬�����仯��Ҫд�����ͣ��ַ���Ҫ�������գ��ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>作相应处理。中断来源有<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>种：<span lang=EN-US>modem</span>状态发生变化；要写（发送）字符；要读（接收）字符；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��·״̬�����仯�����������ַ��ж�ͨ�����÷��ͱ��ּĴ�����־ʵ�֡���<span
-lang=EN-US>serial.c</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>线路状态发生变化。允许发送字符中断通过设置发送保持寄存器标志实现。在<span
+lang=EN-US>serial.c</span>程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�У���д���������������ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>rs_write()</span>�����ͻ��޸��ж������Ĵ������ݣ������Ϸ��ͱ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中，当写缓冲队列中有数据时，<span
+lang=EN-US>rs_write()</span>函数就会修改中断允许寄存器内容，添加上发送保</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ּĴ����ж�������־���Ӷ���ϵͳ��Ҫ�����ַ�ʱ�������жϷ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>持寄存器中断允许标志，从而在系统需要发送字符时引起串行中断发生。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 popl %edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ָ��жϱ�ʶ�Ĵ����˿ڵ�ַ<span lang=EN-US>0x3fa</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0x2fa</span>����</p>
+// </span>恢复中断标识寄存器端口地址<span lang=EN-US>0x3fa</span>（或<span lang=EN-US>0x2fa</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmp rep_int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ת�������ж����޴������жϲ�����Ӧ������</p>
+// </span>跳转，继续判断有无待处理中断并作相应处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>
 end:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movb $0x20,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ж��˳����������жϿ��������ͽ����ж�ָ��<span lang=EN-US>EOI</span>��</p>
+// </span>中断退出处理。向中断控制器发送结束中断指令<span lang=EN-US>EOI</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 outb %al,$0x20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* EOI */</span></p>
@@ -43752,17 +43752,17 @@ popl %edx</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 addl $4,%esp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-jump over _table_list entry &nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>��������ָ���ַ��</p>
+jump over _table_list entry &nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>丢弃队列指针地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 iret</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ж����ʹ����ӳ����ַ��ת��������<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>���ж���Դ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>各中断类型处理子程序地址跳转表，共有<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>种中断来源：</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // modem</span>״̬�仯�жϣ�д�ַ��жϣ����ַ��жϣ���·״̬�������жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // modem</span>状态变化中断，写字符中断，读字符中断，线路状态有问题中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>
 jmp_table:</span></p>
@@ -43772,8 +43772,8 @@ jmp_table:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>modem</span>״̬�����仯�������˴��жϡ�ͨ����<span
-lang=EN-US>modem</span>״̬�Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US>MSR</span>������и�λ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>由于<span lang=EN-US>modem</span>状态发生变化而引发此次中断。通过读<span
+lang=EN-US>modem</span>状态寄存器<span lang=EN-US>MSR</span>对其进行复位操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>
 .align 2</span></p>
@@ -43787,7 +43787,7 @@ addl $6,%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inb %dx,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>ͨ����<span lang=EN-US>modem</span>״̬�Ĵ������и�λ��<span lang=EN-US>0x3fe</span>��<span
+/* </span>通过读<span lang=EN-US>modem</span>状态寄存器进行复位（<span lang=EN-US>0x3fe</span>）<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -43795,8 +43795,8 @@ ret</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������·״̬�����仯��������δ����жϡ�ͨ������·״̬�Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>LSR</span>������и�λ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>由于线路状态发生变化而引起这次串行中断。通过读线路状态寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>LSR</span>对其进行复位操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>
 .align 2</span></p>
@@ -43810,26 +43810,26 @@ addl $5,%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inb %dx,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>ͨ������·״̬�Ĵ������и�λ��<span lang=EN-US>0x3fd</span>��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>通过读线路状态寄存器进行复位（<span lang=EN-US>0x3fd</span>）<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ret</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>UART</span>оƬ���յ��ַ�����������жϡ��Խ��ջ���Ĵ���ִ�ж������ɸ�λ���ж�Դ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>由于<span lang=EN-US>UART</span>芯片接收到字符而引起这次中断。对接收缓冲寄存器执行读操作可复位该中断源。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ӳ��򽫽��յ����ַ��ŵ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>read_q</span>ͷָ�루<span lang=EN-US>head</span>�����������ø�ָ��ǰ��һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这个子程序将接收到的字符放到读缓冲队列<span
+lang=EN-US>read_q</span>头指针（<span lang=EN-US>head</span>）处，并且让该指针前移一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ַ�λ�á���<span
-lang=EN-US>head</span>ָ���Ѿ����ﻺ����ĩ�ˣ��������۷�����������ʼ����������<span lang=EN-US>C</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个字符位置。若<span
+lang=EN-US>head</span>指针已经到达缓冲区末端，则让其折返到缓冲区开始处。最后调用<span lang=EN-US>C</span>函</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>do_tty_interrupt()</span>��Ҳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>copy_to_cooked()</span>�����Ѷ�����ַ�������������淶ģʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数<span lang=EN-US>do_tty_interrupt()</span>（也即<span
+lang=EN-US>copy_to_cooked()</span>），把读入的字符经过处理放入规范模式缓</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����У������������<span
-lang=EN-US>secondary</span>���С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>冲队列（辅助缓冲队列<span
+lang=EN-US>secondary</span>）中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>
 .align 2</span></p>
@@ -43839,72 +43839,72 @@ read_char:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inb %dx,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ȡ���ջ���Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US>RBR</span>���ַ�<span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>��</p>
+// </span>读取接收缓冲寄存器<span lang=EN-US>RBR</span>中字符<span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-movl %ecx,%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ���ڻ������ָ���ַ<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>edx</span>��</p>
+movl %ecx,%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前串口缓冲队列指针地址<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>edx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-subl $_table_list,%edx&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ���ڶ���ָ���ַ<span lang=EN-US> - </span>�������ָ�����ַ
-<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>edx</span>��</p>
+subl $_table_list,%edx&nbsp; // </span>当前串口队列指针地址<span lang=EN-US> - </span>缓冲队列指针表首址
+<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>edx</span>，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 shrl $3,%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>/8</span>���ô��ںš����ڴ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ڴ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+// </span>差值<span lang=EN-US>/8</span>，得串口号。对于串口<span lang=EN-US>1</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，对于串口<span lang=EN-US>2</span>是<span lang=EN-US>2</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl (%ecx),%ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# read-queue&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��������нṹ��ַ<span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��</p>
+# read-queue&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取读缓冲队列结构地址<span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
-head(%ecx),%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�������л���ͷָ��<span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>��</p>
+head(%ecx),%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取读队列中缓冲头指针<span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>102</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movb
-%al,buf(%ecx,%ebx) // </span>���ַ����ڻ�������ͷָ����ָλ�ô���</p>
+%al,buf(%ecx,%ebx) // </span>将字符放在缓冲区中头指针所指位置处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>103</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; incl %ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ͷָ��ǰ�ƣ����ƣ�һ�ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>将头指针前移（右移）一字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; andl $size-1,%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�û��������ȶ�ͷָ��ȡģ������</p>
+// </span>用缓冲区长度对头指针取模操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpl
-tail(%ecx),%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ͷָ����βָ��Ƚϡ�</p>
+tail(%ecx),%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>缓冲区头指针与尾指针比较。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je 1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ָ���ƶ�����ȣ���ʾ����������������ͷָ�룬��ת��</p>
+// </span>若指针移动后相等，表示缓冲区满，不保存头指针，跳转。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>107</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
-%ebx,head(%ecx)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����޸Ĺ���ͷָ�롣</p>
+%ebx,head(%ecx)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>保存修改过的头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>108</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addl $63,%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ں�ת����<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>63</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>64</span>������Ϊ������ջ��</p>
+// </span>串口号转换成<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>号（<span lang=EN-US>63</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>64</span>）并作为参数入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>109</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;pushl %edx</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call
-_do_tty_interrupt&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�жϴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>������<span lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>342</span>�У���</p>
+_do_tty_interrupt&nbsp; // </span>调用<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>中断处理<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数（<span lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>342</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>111</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addl $4,%esp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ջ�����������ء�</p>
+// </span>丢弃入栈参数，并返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>112</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
@@ -43912,15 +43912,15 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������˷��ͱ��ּĴ��������жϱ�־������˴��жϡ�˵����Ӧ�����ն˵�д�ַ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>由于设置了发送保持寄存器允许中断标志而引起此次中断。说明对应串行终端的写字符缓冲队</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ַ���Ҫ���͡����Ǽ����д�����е�ǰ�����ַ��������ַ�����С��<span
-lang=EN-US>256</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>列中有字符需要发送。于是计算出写队列中当前所含字符数，若字符数已小于<span
+lang=EN-US>256</span>个，则唤醒</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�ȴ�д�������̡�Ȼ���д�������β��ȡ��һ���ַ����ͣ��������ͱ���βָ�롣���д��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>等待写操作进程。然后从写缓冲队列尾部取出一个字符发送，并调整和保存尾指针。如果写缓</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ѿգ�����ת��<span
-lang=EN-US>write_buffer_empty</span>������д������пյ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>冲队列已空，则跳转到<span
+lang=EN-US>write_buffer_empty</span>处处理写缓冲队列空的情况。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> .align 2</span></p>
@@ -43931,18 +43931,18 @@ lang=EN-US> write_char:</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
 4(%ecx),%ecx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#
-write-queue&nbsp; // </span>ȡд������нṹ��ַ<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��</p>
+write-queue&nbsp; // </span>取写缓冲队列结构地址<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US>ecx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
-head(%ecx),%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡд����ͷָ��<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>��</p>
+head(%ecx),%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取写队列头指针<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; subl
-tail(%ecx),%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͷָ��<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>βָ��<span lang=EN-US> = </span>�������ַ�����</p>
+tail(%ecx),%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>头指针<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>尾指针<span lang=EN-US> = </span>队列中字符数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; andl
@@ -43951,91 +43951,91 @@ nr chars in queue</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>120</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je
-write_buffer_empty&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ͷָ��<span
-lang=EN-US> = </span>βָ�룬˵��д���пգ���ת������</p>
+write_buffer_empty&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若头指针<span
+lang=EN-US> = </span>尾指针，说明写队列空，跳转处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>121</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpl $startup,%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ַ���������<span lang=EN-US>256</span>����</p>
+// </span>队列中字符数还超过<span lang=EN-US>256</span>个？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ja 1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������ת������</p>
+// </span>超过则跳转处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>123</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
 proc_list(%ecx),%ebx&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# wake up sleeping process&nbsp; #
-</span>���ѵȴ��Ľ��̡�</p>
+</span>唤醒等待的进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ�ȴ��ö��еĽ���ָ�룬���ж��Ƿ�Ϊ�ա�</p>
+// </span>取等待该队列的进程指针，并判断是否为空。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>124</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testl
 %ebx,%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# is there any? &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>�еȴ�д�Ľ�����</p>
+# is there any? &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>有等待写的进程吗？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>125</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je 1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ǿյģ�����ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+// </span>是空的，则向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>126</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl $0,(%ebx)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���򽫽�����Ϊ������״̬�����ѽ��̣���</p>
+// </span>否则将进程置为可运行状态（唤醒进程）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>127</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl tail(%ecx),%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡβָ�롣</p>
+// </span>取尾指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>128</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movb
-buf(%ecx,%ebx),%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ӻ�����βָ�봦ȡһ�ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>��</p>
+buf(%ecx,%ebx),%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从缓冲中尾指针处取一字符<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>129</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;outb %al,%dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��˿�<span lang=EN-US>0x3f8</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x2f8</span>��д�����ͱ��ּĴ����С�</p>
+// </span>向端口<span lang=EN-US>0x3f8</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0x2f8</span>）写到发送保持寄存器中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; incl %ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>βָ��ǰ�ơ�</p>
+// </span>尾指针前移。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>131</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; andl $size-1,%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>βָ������������ĩ�ˣ����ۻء�</p>
+// </span>尾指针若到缓冲区末端，则折回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>132</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
-%ebx,tail(%ecx)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������޸Ĺ���βָ�롣</p>
+%ebx,tail(%ecx)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>保存已修改过的尾指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cmpl head(%ecx),%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>βָ����ͷָ��Ƚϣ�</p>
+// </span>尾指针与头指针比较，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je
-write_buffer_empty&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȣ���ʾ�����ѿգ�����ת��</p>
+write_buffer_empty&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若相等，表示队列已空，则跳转。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>135</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����д�������<span
-lang=EN-US>write_q</span>�ѿյ���������еȴ�д�ô����ն˵Ľ�������֮��Ȼ�����η�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处理写缓冲队列<span
+lang=EN-US>write_q</span>已空的情况。若有等待写该串行终端的进程则唤醒之，然后屏蔽发</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͱ��ּĴ������жϣ����÷��ͱ��ּĴ�����ʱ�����жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>送保持寄存器空中断，不让发送保持寄存器空时产生中断。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʱд�������<span
-lang=EN-US>write_q</span>�ѿգ���ʾ��ǰ���ַ���Ҫ���͡���������Ӧ�����������顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果此时写缓冲队列<span
+lang=EN-US>write_q</span>已空，表示当前无字符需要发送。于是我们应该做两件事情。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȿ�����û�н������ȴ�д���пճ���������оͻ���֮�����⣬��Ϊ����ϵͳ�����ַ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先看看有没有进程正等待写队列空出来，如果有就唤醒之。另外，因为现在系统已无字符</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ҫ���ͣ����Դ�ʱ����Ҫ��ʱ��ֹ���ͱ��ּĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>THR</span>��ʱ�����жϡ��������ַ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>需要发送，所以此时我们要暂时禁止发送保持寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>THR</span>空时产生中断。当再有字符被放入</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>д���������ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>serial.c</span>�е�<span lang=EN-US>rs_write()</span>�������ٴ��������ͱ��ּĴ�����ʱ�����жϣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>写缓冲队列中时，<span
+lang=EN-US>serial.c</span>中的<span lang=EN-US>rs_write()</span>函数会再次允许发送保持寄存器空时产生中断，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>UART</span>���ֻᡰ�Զ�������ȡд��������е��ַ��������ͳ�ȥ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因此<span lang=EN-US>UART</span>就又会“自动”地来取写缓冲队列中的字符，并发送出去。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>136</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> .align 2</span></p>
@@ -44045,39 +44045,39 @@ lang=EN-US> write_buffer_empty:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl
-proc_list(%ecx),%ebx &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# wake up sleeping process # </span>���ѵȴ��Ľ��̡�</p>
+proc_list(%ecx),%ebx &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;# wake up sleeping process # </span>唤醒等待的进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ�ȴ��ö��еĽ��̵�ָ�룬���ж��Ƿ�Ϊ�ա�</p>
+// </span>取等待该队列的进程的指针，并判断是否为空。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; testl
 %ebx,%ebx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# is there any?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�еȴ��Ľ�����</p>
+# is there any?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>有等待的进程吗？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; je 1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ޣ�����ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+// </span>无，则向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; movl $0,(%ebx)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���򽫽�����Ϊ������״̬�����ѽ��̣���</p>
+// </span>否则将进程置为可运行状态（唤醒进程）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; incl %edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ָ��˿�<span lang=EN-US>0x3f9</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x2f9</span>����</p>
+// </span>指向端口<span lang=EN-US>0x3f9</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0x2f9</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inb %dx,%al&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ȡ�ж������Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US>IER</span>��</p>
+// </span>读取中断允许寄存器<span lang=EN-US>IER</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>144</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp 1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ӳ١�</p>
+// </span>稍作延迟。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>145</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jmp 1f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>���η��ͱ��ּĴ������жϣ�λ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>屏蔽发送保持寄存器空中断（位<span lang=EN-US>1</span>）<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>146</span></u><span
@@ -44086,7 +44086,7 @@ disable transmit interrupt */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; outb %al,%dx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>д��<span lang=EN-US>0x3f9(0x2f9)</span>��</p>
+// </span>写入<span lang=EN-US>0x3f9(0x2f9)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ret</span></p>
@@ -44105,7 +44105,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447997"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447401"></a><a name="_Toc53320626"><span lang=EN-US>10.5 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>10-5 linux/kernel/chr_drv/tty_io.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>10-5 linux/kernel/chr_drv/tty_io.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -44144,37 +44144,37 @@ Kill-line thanks to John T Kohl, who also corrected VMIN = VTIME = 0.</i></b></s
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'tty_io.c'</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն�һ�ַ���صĸо������������ǿ���̨���Ǵ����նˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'tty_io.c'</span>给<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端一种非相关的感觉，不管它们是控制台还是串行终端。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ó���ͬ��ʵ���˻��ԡ��淶<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>ģʽ�ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该程序同样实现了回显、规范<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>熟<span lang=EN-US>)</span>模式等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Kill-line</span>���⣬Ҫлл<span
-lang=EN-US>John T Kohl</span>����ͬʱ�������˵�<span lang=EN-US> VMIN = VTIME = 0 </span>ʱ�����⡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Kill-line</span>问题，要谢谢<span
+lang=EN-US>John T Kohl</span>。他同时还纠正了当<span lang=EN-US> VMIN = VTIME = 0 </span>时的问题。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
-#include &lt;ctype.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ�����ͷ�ļ���������һЩ�й��ַ������жϺ�ת���ĺꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;ctype.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符类型头文件。定义了一些有关字符类型判断和转换的宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
-#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ź�ͷ�ļ��������źŷ��ų������źŽṹ�����������ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号头文件。定义信号符号常量，信号结构及其操作函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// unistd.h</span>�Ǳ�׼���ų����������ļ����������˸��ֺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// unistd.h</span>是标准符号常数与类型文件，并声明了各种函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʱ���棨<span
-lang=EN-US>alarm</span>���ź����ź�λͼ�ж�Ӧ�ı�������λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>给出定时警告（<span
+lang=EN-US>alarm</span>）信号在信号位图中对应的比特屏蔽位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ALRMMASK</span></u> (1&lt;&lt;(<u><span
@@ -44183,184 +44183,184 @@ style='color:blue'>SIGALRM</span></u>-1))</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/tty.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>ͷ�ļ����������й�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_io</span>������ͨ�ŷ���Ĳ�����������</p>
+#include &lt;linux/tty.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>头文件，定义了有关<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_io</span>，串行通信方面的参数、常数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ����������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵ�Ƕ��ʽ���ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等嵌入式汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֹ�����飨������鷢���źţ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>ָ��������ţ�<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>ָ���źţ�<span lang=EN-US>priv</span>Ȩ�ޡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>终止进程组（向进程组发送信号）。参数<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>指定进程组号；<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>指定信号；<span lang=EN-US>priv</span>权限。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>�е�ÿ�����̷���ָ���ź�<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>��ֻҪ��һ�����̷��ͳɹ����ͻ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即向指定进程组<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>中的每个进程发送指定信号<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>。只要向一个进程发送成功最后就会</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���������û���ҵ�ָ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>���κ�һ�����̣��򷵻س�����<span lang=EN-US>-ESRCH</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则如果没有找到指定进程组号<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>的任何一个进程，则返回出错号<span lang=EN-US>-ESRCH</span>，若</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ҵ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>�Ľ��̣����Ƿ����ź�ʧ�ܣ��򷵻ط���ʧ�ܵĴ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>找到进程组号是<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>的进程，但是发送信号失败，则返回发送失败的错误码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>kill_pg</span></u>(int pgrp, int sig, int priv);&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-kernel/exit.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>171</span>�С�</p>
+kernel/exit.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>171</span>行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж�һ���������Ƿ��ǹ¶����̡���������򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��������򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断一个进程组是否是孤儿进程。如果不是则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>；如果是则返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>is_orphaned_pgrp</span></u>(int pgrp);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-kernel/exit.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>232</span>�С�</p>
+kernel/exit.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>232</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ������ģʽ��־��֮һ�����������ж�һ����־���Ƿ�����λ��־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>获取<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构中三个模式标志集之一，或者用于判断一个标志集是否有置位标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_L_FLAG</span></u>(tty,f)&nbsp; ((tty)-&gt;<u><span
-style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_lflag &amp; f)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ģʽ��־��</p>
+style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_lflag &amp; f)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>本地模式标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_I_FLAG</span></u>(tty,f)&nbsp; ((tty)-&gt;<u><span
-style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_iflag &amp; f)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ģʽ��־��</p>
+style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_iflag &amp; f)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入模式标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_O_FLAG</span></u>(tty,f)&nbsp; ((tty)-&gt;<u><span
-style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_oflag &amp; f)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ģʽ��־��</p>
+style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_oflag &amp; f)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输出模式标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ�ն����⣨���أ�ģʽ��־���е�һ����־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构终端特殊（本地）模式标志集中的一个标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>L_CANON</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_L_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:blue'>ICANON</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ�淶ģʽ��־��</p>
+// </span>取规范模式标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>L_ISIG</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>_L_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:
-blue'>ISIG</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�źű�־��</p>
+blue'>ISIG</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取信号标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>L_ECHO</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>_L_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:
-blue'>ECHO</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�����ַ���־��</p>
+blue'>ECHO</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取回显字符标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>L_ECHOE</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_L_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:blue'>ECHOE</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�淶ģʽʱȡ���Բ�����־��</p>
+// </span>规范模式时取回显擦出标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>L_ECHOK</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_L_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:blue'>ECHOK</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�淶ģʽʱȡ<span lang=EN-US>KILL</span>������ǰ�б�־��</p>
+// </span>规范模式时取<span lang=EN-US>KILL</span>擦除当前行标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>L_ECHOCTL</span></u>(tty)&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_L_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:blue'>ECHOCTL</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ���Կ����ַ���־��</p>
+// </span>取回显控制字符标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>L_ECHOKE</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_L_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:blue'>ECHOKE</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�淶ģʽʱȡ<span lang=EN-US>KILL</span>�����в����Ա�־��</p>
+// </span>规范模式时取<span lang=EN-US>KILL</span>擦除行并回显标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>L_TOSTOP</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_L_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:blue'>TOSTOP</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ں�̨�������<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>�źš�</p>
+// </span>对于后台输出发送<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ����ģʽ��־���е�һ����־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构输入模式标志集中的一个标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>I_UCLC</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>_I_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:
-blue'>IUCLC</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��д��Сдת����־��</p>
+blue'>IUCLC</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取大写到小写转换标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>I_NLCR</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>_I_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:
-blue'>INLCR</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ���з�<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>ת�س���<span
-lang=EN-US>CR</span>��־��</p>
+blue'>INLCR</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取换行符<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>转回车符<span
+lang=EN-US>CR</span>标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>I_CRNL</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>_I_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:
-blue'>ICRNL</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�س���<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>ת���з�<span
-lang=EN-US>NL</span>��־��</p>
+blue'>ICRNL</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取回车符<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>转换行符<span
+lang=EN-US>NL</span>标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>I_NOCR</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>_I_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:
-blue'>IGNCR</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ���Իس���<span
-lang=EN-US>CR</span>��־��</p>
+blue'>IGNCR</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取忽略回车符<span
+lang=EN-US>CR</span>标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>I_IXON</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>_I_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:
-blue'>IXON</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�����������־<span
-lang=EN-US>XON</span>��</p>
+blue'>IXON</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取输入控制流标志<span
+lang=EN-US>XON</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ���ģʽ��־���е�һ����־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构输出模式标志集中的一个标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>O_POST</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>_O_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:
-blue'>OPOST</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡִ�����������־��</p>
+blue'>OPOST</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取执行输出处理标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>O_NLCR</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>_O_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:
-blue'>ONLCR</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ���з�<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>ת�س����з�<span
-lang=EN-US>CR-NL</span>��־��</p>
+blue'>ONLCR</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取换行符<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>转回车换行符<span
+lang=EN-US>CR-NL</span>标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>O_CRNL</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>_O_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:
-blue'>OCRNL</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�س���<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>ת���з�<span
-lang=EN-US>NL</span>��־��</p>
+blue'>OCRNL</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取回车符<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>转换行符<span
+lang=EN-US>NL</span>标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>O_NLRET</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_O_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:blue'>ONLRET</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ���з�<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>ִ�лس����ܵı�־��</p>
+// </span>取换行符<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>执行回车功能的标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>O_LCUC</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>_O_FLAG</span></u>((tty),<u><span style='color:
-blue'>OLCUC</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡСдת��д�ַ���־��</p>
+blue'>OLCUC</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取小写转大写字符标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ���Ʊ�־���в����ʡ�<span
-lang=EN-US>CBAUD</span>�ǲ����������루<span lang=EN-US>0000017</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构控制标志集中波特率。<span
+lang=EN-US>CBAUD</span>是波特率屏蔽码（<span lang=EN-US>0000017</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>C_SPEED</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ((tty)-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_cflag &amp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>CBAUD</span></u>)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն��Ƿ��ѹ��ߣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>hang up</span>�������䴫�䲨�����Ƿ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>B0</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端是否已挂线（<span
+lang=EN-US>hang up</span>），即其传输波特率是否为<span lang=EN-US>B0</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>C_HUP</span></u>(tty)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -44369,7 +44369,7 @@ style='color:blue'>B0</span></u>)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��Сֵ�ꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取最小值宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>
 #ifndef <u><span style='color:blue'>MIN</span></u></span></p>
@@ -44383,58 +44383,58 @@ style='color:blue'>B0</span></u>)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���涨��<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն�ʹ�õĻ�����нṹ����<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_queues </span>�� <span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն˱��ṹ����<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_table</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面定义<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端使用的缓冲队列结构数组<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_queues </span>和 <span lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端表结构数组<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_table</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // QUEUES</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն�ʹ�õĻ���������������α�ն˷��������֣�<span lang=EN-US>master</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>slave</span>����ÿ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // QUEUES</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端使用的缓冲队列最大数量。伪终端分主从两种（<span lang=EN-US>master</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>slave</span>）。每个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>�ն�ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>��<span lang=EN-US>tty </span>������У����Ƿֱ������ڻ�����̻�������Ķ�����<span
-lang=EN-US> read_queue</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>终端使用<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>个<span lang=EN-US>tty </span>缓冲队列，它们分别是用于缓冲键盘或串行输入的读队列<span
+lang=EN-US> read_queue</span>、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڻ�����Ļ���������д���� <span
-lang=EN-US>write_queue</span>���Լ����ڱ���淶ģʽ�ַ��ĸ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用于缓冲屏幕或串行输出的写队列 <span
+lang=EN-US>write_queue</span>，以及用于保存规范模式字符的辅助缓冲队列</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // secondary</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // secondary</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>QUEUES</span></u>&nbsp; (3*(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>MAX_CONSOLES</span></u>+<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_SERIALS</span></u>+2*<u><span
-style='color:blue'>NR_PTYS</span></u>))&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>54</span>�</p>
+style='color:blue'>NR_PTYS</span></u>))&nbsp; // </span>共<span lang=EN-US>54</span>项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>
 static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_queue</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>tty_queues</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>QUEUES</span></u>];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// tty</span>����������顣</p>
+// tty</span>缓冲队列数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>tty_table</span></u>[256];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// tty</span>���ṹ���顣</p>
+// tty</span>表结构数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����趨�������͵�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն���ʹ�û�����нṹ��<span lang=EN-US>tty_queues[]</span>�����е���ʼ��λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面设定各种类型的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端所使用缓冲队列结构在<span lang=EN-US>tty_queues[]</span>数组中的起始项位置。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 8</span>���������̨�ն�ռ��<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_queues[]</span>���鿪ͷ<span lang=EN-US>24</span>�<span lang=EN-US>3
-X MAX_CONSOLES</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0 -- 23</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 8</span>个虚拟控制台终端占用<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_queues[]</span>数组开头<span lang=EN-US>24</span>项（<span lang=EN-US>3
+X MAX_CONSOLES</span>）（<span lang=EN-US>0 -- 23</span>）；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ն�ռ������<span
-lang=EN-US>6</span>�<span lang=EN-US>3 X NR_SERIALS</span>����<span lang=EN-US>24
--- 29</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>两个串行终端占用随后的<span
+lang=EN-US>6</span>项（<span lang=EN-US>3 X NR_SERIALS</span>）（<span lang=EN-US>24
+-- 29</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 4</span>����α�ն�ռ������<span
-lang=EN-US>12</span>�<span lang=EN-US>3 X NR_PTYS</span>����<span lang=EN-US>30
--- 41</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 4</span>个主伪终端占用随后的<span
+lang=EN-US>12</span>项（<span lang=EN-US>3 X NR_PTYS</span>）（<span lang=EN-US>30
+-- 41</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 4</span>����α�ն�ռ������<span
-lang=EN-US>12</span>�<span lang=EN-US>3 X NR_PTYS</span>����<span lang=EN-US>42
--- 53</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 4</span>个从伪终端占用随后的<span
+lang=EN-US>12</span>项（<span lang=EN-US>3 X NR_PTYS</span>）（<span lang=EN-US>42
+-- 53</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>con_queues</span></u> <u><span
@@ -44456,49 +44456,49 @@ style='color:blue'>NR_PTYS</span></u>)) + <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_queues
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����趨��������<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն���ʹ�õ�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>tty_table[]</span>�����е���ʼ��λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面设定各种类型<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端所使用的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构在<span lang=EN-US>tty_table[]</span>数组中的起始项位置。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 8</span>���������̨�ն˿���<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_table[]</span>���鿪ͷ<span lang=EN-US>64</span>�<span lang=EN-US>0
--- 63</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 8</span>个虚拟控制台终端可用<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_table[]</span>数组开头<span lang=EN-US>64</span>项（<span lang=EN-US>0
+-- 63</span>）；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ն�ʹ������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�<span lang=EN-US>64 -- 65</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>两个串行终端使用随后的<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>项（<span lang=EN-US>64 -- 65</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 4</span>����α�ն�ʹ�ô�<span
-lang=EN-US>128</span>��ʼ������<span lang=EN-US>64</span>�<span lang=EN-US>128 --
-191</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 4</span>个主伪终端使用从<span
+lang=EN-US>128</span>开始的项，最多<span lang=EN-US>64</span>项（<span lang=EN-US>128 --
+191</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 4</span>����α�ն�ʹ�ô�<span
-lang=EN-US>192</span>��ʼ������<span lang=EN-US>64</span>�<span lang=EN-US>192 --
-255</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 4</span>个从伪终端使用从<span
+lang=EN-US>192</span>开始的项，最多<span lang=EN-US>64</span>项（<span lang=EN-US>192 --
+255</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>con_table</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>tty_table</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������̨�ն�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�����ų�����</p>
+// </span>定义控制台终端<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>表符号常数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>rs_table</span></u> (64+<u><span
 style='color:blue'>tty_table</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ն�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>����</p>
+// </span>串行终端<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>mpty_table</span></u> (128+<u><span
 style='color:blue'>tty_table</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��α�ն�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>����</p>
+// </span>主伪终端<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>spty_table</span></u> (192+<u><span
 style='color:blue'>tty_table</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��α�ն�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>����</p>
+// </span>从伪终端<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>fg_console</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰǰ̨����̨�ţ���Χ<span lang=EN-US>0--7</span>����</p>
+// </span>当前前台控制台号（范围<span lang=EN-US>0--7</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -44514,14 +44514,14 @@ you can implement virtual consoles.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����ǻ�������ʹ�õĻ�����нṹ��ַ����ͨ���޸��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面是汇编程序中使用的缓冲队列结构地址表。通过修改这个表，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����ʵ���������̨��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>你可以实现虚拟控制台。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>��д������нṹ��ַ������<span
-lang=EN-US>rs_io.s</span>����ʹ�ã�����ȡ�ö�д������нṹ�ĵ�ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>读写缓冲队列结构地址表。供<span
+lang=EN-US>rs_io.s</span>程序使用，用于取得读写缓冲队列结构的地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_queue</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -44530,29 +44530,29 @@ style='color:blue'>table_list</span></u>[]={</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>con_queues</span></u> + 0, <u><span
 style='color:blue'>con_queues</span></u> + 1,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ǰ̨����̨����д���нṹ��ַ��</p>
+// </span>前台控制台读、写队列结构地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>rs_queues</span></u> + 0, <u><span
 style='color:blue'>rs_queues</span></u> + 1,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ն�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����д���нṹ��ַ��</p>
+// </span>串行终端<span lang=EN-US>1</span>读、写队列结构地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>rs_queues</span></u> + 3, <u><span
 style='color:blue'>rs_queues</span></u> + 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ն�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����д���нṹ��ַ��</p>
+// </span>串行终端<span lang=EN-US>2</span>读、写队列结构地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 };</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ı�ǰ̨����̨��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>改变前台控制台。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��ǰ̨����̨�趨Ϊָ�����������̨��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>将前台控制台设定为指定的虚拟控制台。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>new_console
-- </span>ָ�����¿���̨�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>new_console
+- </span>指定的新控制台号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>change_console</span></u>(unsigned int
@@ -44560,9 +44560,9 @@ new_console)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ָ���Ŀ���̨�Ѿ���ǰ̨���߲�����Ч�����˳����������õ�ǰǰ̨����̨�ţ�ͬ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果参数指定的控制台已经在前台或者参数无效，则退出。否则设置当前前台控制台号，同</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʱ����<span lang=EN-US>table_list[]</span>�е�ǰ̨����̨����д���нṹ��ַ�������µ�ǰǰ̨����̨��Ļ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>时更新<span lang=EN-US>table_list[]</span>中的前台控制台读、写队列结构地址。最后更新当前前台控制台屏幕。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (new_console == <u><span style='color:blue'>fg_console</span></u> ||
@@ -44585,22 +44585,22 @@ style='color:blue'>con_queues</span></u> + 1 + <u><span style='color:blue'>fg_co
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>update_screen</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-kernel/chr_drv/console.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>936</span>�С�</p>
+kernel/chr_drv/console.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>936</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>������л����������ý��̽�����ж�˯��״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>如果队列缓冲区空则让进程进入可中断睡眠状态。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>queue
-- </span>ָ�����е�ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>queue
+- </span>指定队列的指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ȡ���л��������ַ�֮ǰ��Ҫ���ô˺���������֤�������ǰ����û���ź�Ҫ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程在取队列缓冲区中字符之前需要调用此函数加以验证。如果当前进程没有信号要处理，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ���Ķ��л������գ����ý��̽�����ж�˯��״̬�����ö��еĽ��̵ȴ�ָ��ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并且指定的队列缓冲区空，则让进程进入可中断睡眠状态，并让队列的进程等待指针指向</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ý��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>sleep_if_empty</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -44630,12 +44630,12 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����л����������ý��̽�����жϵ�˯��״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>若队列缓冲区满则让进程进入可中断的睡眠状态。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>queue
-- </span>ָ�����е�ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>queue
+- </span>指定队列的指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������л�������д���ַ�֮ǰ��Ҫ���ô˺����ж϶��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程在往队列缓冲区中写入字符之前需要调用此函数判断队列情况。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>sleep_if_full</span></u>(struct
@@ -44644,10 +44644,10 @@ lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>sleep_if_full</span></u>(str
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������л����������򷵻��˳�������������û���ź���Ҫ���������Ҷ��л������п���ʣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果队列缓冲区不满则返回退出。否则若进程没有信号需要处理，并且队列缓冲区中空闲剩</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������� <span lang=EN-US>&lt;
-128</span>�����ý��̽�����ж�˯��״̬�����øö��еĽ��̵ȴ�ָ��ָ��ý��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>余区长度 <span lang=EN-US>&lt;
+128</span>，则让进程进入可中断睡眠状态，并让该队列的进程等待指针指向该进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>107</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!<u><span
@@ -44680,9 +44680,9 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ȴ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>等待按键。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǰ̨����̨�����л������գ����ý��̽�����ж�˯��״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果前台控制台读队列缓冲区空，则让进程进入可中断睡眠状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>115</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>wait_for_keypress</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -44701,15 +44701,15 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���Ƴɹ淶ģʽ�ַ����С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>复制成规范模式字符序列。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ն�<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ�����õĸ��ֱ�־����ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն˶����л������е��ַ�����ת��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据终端<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构中设置的各种标志，将指定<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端读队列缓冲区中的字符复制转换</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ɹ淶ģʽ����ģʽ���ַ�������ڸ������У��淶ģʽ���У��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>成规范模式（熟模式）字符并存放在辅助队列（规范模式队列）中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tty
-- </span>ָ���ն˵�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tty
+- </span>指定终端的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>120</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>copy_to_cooked</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -44724,10 +44724,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; signed char c;</span
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>123</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ�鵱ǰ�ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ�л������ָ���Ƿ���Ч�������������ָ�붼��<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>����˵��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检查当前终端<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构中缓冲队列指针是否有效。如果三个队列指针都是<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，则说明</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>��ʼ�����������⡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>初始化函数有问题。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>124</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
@@ -44745,20 +44745,20 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>127</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ǹ����ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ�е�����ͱ��ر�־���Դ�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�����л�������ȡ����ÿ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则我们根据终端<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构中的输入和本地标志，对从<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>读队列缓冲区中取出的每个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ������ʵ��Ĵ�����Ȼ����븨������<span
-lang=EN-US>secondary</span>�С�������ѭ�����У������ʱ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符进行适当的处理，然后放入辅助队列<span
+lang=EN-US>secondary</span>中。在下面循环体中，如果此时读队列</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ѿ�ȡ�ջ��߸������л������Ѿ������ַ������˳�ѭ���塣�������ʹӶ����л�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>缓冲区已经取空或者辅助队列缓冲区已经放满字符，就退出循环体。否则程序就从读队列缓</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����βָ�봦ȡһ�ַ�������βָ��ǰ��һ���ַ�λ�á�Ȼ����ݸ��ַ�����ֵ���д�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>冲区尾指针处取一字符，并把尾指针前移一个字符位置。然后根据该字符代码值进行处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���⣬���������<span
-lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>��<span lang=EN-US>\0</span>������ô�ڶ��ַ����������ң����ַ�����ֵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>另外，如果定义了<span
+lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>（<span lang=EN-US>\0</span>），那么在对字符处理过程忠，若字符代码值等于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // _POSIX_VDISABLE</span>��ֵʱ����ʾ��ֹʹ����Ӧ��������ַ��Ĺ��ܡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // _POSIX_VDISABLE</span>的值时，表示禁止使用相应特殊控制字符的功能。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>128</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (1) {</span></p>
@@ -44782,17 +44782,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>GETCH</span></u>(tty-&gt;read_q,c);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ȡһ�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>����ǰ��βָ�롣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>取一字符到<span lang=EN-US>c</span>，并前移尾指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ַ��ǻس���<span
-lang=EN-US>CR</span>��<span lang=EN-US>13</span>������ô���س�ת���б�־<span lang=EN-US>CRNL</span>��λ�����ַ�ת��Ϊ���з�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该字符是回车符<span
+lang=EN-US>CR</span>（<span lang=EN-US>13</span>），那么若回车转换行标志<span lang=EN-US>CRNL</span>置位，则将字符转换为换行符</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // NL</span>��<span lang=EN-US>10</span>��������������Իس���־<span
-lang=EN-US>NOCR</span>��λ������Ը��ַ����������������ַ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // NL</span>（<span lang=EN-US>10</span>）。否则如果忽略回车标志<span
+lang=EN-US>NOCR</span>置位，则忽略该字符，继续处理其他字符。如果字</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǻ��з�<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>10</span>�������һ���ת�س���־<span lang=EN-US>NLCR</span>��λ������ת��Ϊ�س���<span
-lang=EN-US>CR</span>��<span lang=EN-US>13</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符是换行符<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>10</span>），并且换行转回车标志<span lang=EN-US>NLCR</span>置位，则将其转换为回车符<span
+lang=EN-US>CR</span>（<span lang=EN-US>13</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -44822,8 +44822,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 c=13;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����дתСд�����־<span
-lang=EN-US>UCLC</span>��λ���򽫸��ַ�ת��ΪСд�ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果大写转小写输入标志<span
+lang=EN-US>UCLC</span>置位，则将该字符转换为小写字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -44833,38 +44833,38 @@ if (<u><span style='color:blue'>I_UCLC</span></u>(tty))</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 c=<u><span style='color:blue'>tolower</span></u>(c);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ģʽ��־���й淶ģʽ��־<span
-lang=EN-US>CANON </span>����λ����Զ�ȡ���ַ��������´����� ���ȣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果本地模式标志集中规范模式标志<span
+lang=EN-US>CANON </span>已置位，则对读取的字符进行以下处理。 首先，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ַ��Ǽ�����ֹ�����ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>KILL(^U)</span>�����������ĵ�ǰ��ִ��ɾ��������ɾ��һ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该字符是键盘终止控制字符<span
+lang=EN-US>KILL(^U)</span>，则对已输入的当前行执行删除处理。删除一行字</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ѭ���������ǣ���� <span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�������в��գ�����ȡ���ĸ������������һ���ַ����ǻ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符的循环过程如是：如果 <span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>辅助队列不空，并且取出的辅助队列中最后一个字符不是换行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>10</span>�������Ҹ��ַ������ļ������ַ���<span lang=EN-US>^D</span>������ѭ��ִ�����д��룺</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>10</span>），并且该字符不是文件结束字符（<span lang=EN-US>^D</span>），则循环执行下列代码：</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ػ��Ա�־<span
-lang=EN-US>ECHO </span>��λ����ô�����ַ��ǿ����ַ���ֵ <span lang=EN-US>&lt; 32</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>д�����з�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果本地回显标志<span
+lang=EN-US>ECHO </span>置位，那么：若字符是控制字符（值 <span lang=EN-US>&lt; 32</span>），则往<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>写队列中放</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ERASE</span>��<span lang=EN-US>^H</span>����Ȼ���ٷ���һ�������ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ERASE</span>�����ҵ��ø�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>д��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>入擦除控制字符<span
+lang=EN-US>ERASE</span>（<span lang=EN-US>^H</span>）。然后再放入一个擦除字符<span
+lang=EN-US>ERASE</span>，并且调用该<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>写函数，把</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>д�����е������ַ�������ն���Ļ�ϡ� ���⣬��Ϊ�����ַ��ڷ���д����ʱ��Ҫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>写队列中的所有字符输出到终端屏幕上。 另外，因为控制字符在放入写队列时需要用<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个字</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڱ�ʾ������<span
-lang=EN-US>^V</span>�������Ҫ���ر�Կ����ַ������һ��<span lang=EN-US>ERASE</span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>��������ͷָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>节表示（例如<span
+lang=EN-US>^V</span>），因此要求特别对控制字符多放入一个<span lang=EN-US>ERASE</span>。最后将<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>辅助队列头指针</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽڡ����⣬���������<span
-lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>��<span lang=EN-US>\0</span>������ô�ڶ��ַ����������ң����ַ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>后退<span lang=EN-US>1</span>字节。另外，如果定义了<span
+lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>（<span lang=EN-US>\0</span>），那么在对字符处理过程忠，若字符</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ֵ���� <span
-lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>��ֵʱ����ʾ��ֹʹ����Ӧ��������ַ��Ĺ��ܡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>代码值等于 <span
+lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>的值时，表示禁止使用相应特殊控制字符的功能。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -44903,11 +44903,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>151</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (<u><span style='color:blue'>L_ECHO</span></u>(tty)) {&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>�����ػ��Ա�־��λ��</p>
+if (<u><span style='color:blue'>L_ECHO</span></u>(tty)) {&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>若本地回显标志置位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (c&lt;32)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ�Ҫɾ<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+if (c&lt;32)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制字符要删<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -44936,31 +44936,31 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;continue;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>������ȡ���������ַ����д�����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;continue;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>继续读取读队列中字符进行处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ַ���ɾ�������ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ERASE</span>��<span lang=EN-US>^H</span>������ô�����<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ĸ�������Ϊ�գ����������һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该字符是删除控制字符<span
+lang=EN-US>ERASE</span>（<span lang=EN-US>^H</span>），那么：如果<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>的辅助队列为空，或者其最后一个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ��ǻ��з�<span
-lang=EN-US>NL(10)</span>���������ļ�����������������������ַ���������ػ��Ա�־<span lang=EN-US>ECHO</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符是换行符<span
+lang=EN-US>NL(10)</span>，或者是文件结束符，则继续处理其他字符。如果本地回显标志<span lang=EN-US>ECHO</span>置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ����ô�����ַ��ǿ����ַ���ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>&lt; 32</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>��д�����з�������ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ERASE</span>���ٷ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位，那么：若字符是控制字符（值<span
+lang=EN-US>&lt; 32</span>），则往<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>的写队列中放入擦除字符<span
+lang=EN-US>ERASE</span>。再放入</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ�������ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ERASE</span>�����ҵ��ø�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>��д���������<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>��������ͷָ�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽڣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一个擦除字符<span
+lang=EN-US>ERASE</span>，并且调用该<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>的写函数。最后将<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>辅助队列头指针后退<span lang=EN-US>1</span>字节，继</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������ַ���ͬ���أ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>��<span lang=EN-US>\0</span>������ô�ڶ��ַ����������ң�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>续处理其他字符。同样地，如果定义了<span
+lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>（<span lang=EN-US>\0</span>），那么在对字符处理过程忠，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ַ�����ֵ���� <span
-lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE </span>��ֵʱ����ʾ��ֹʹ����Ӧ��������ַ��Ĺ��ܡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若字符代码值等于 <span
+lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE </span>的值时，表示禁止使用相应特殊控制字符的功能。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -44995,7 +44995,7 @@ continue;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>L_ECHO</span></u>(tty)) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ػ��Ա�־��λ��</p>
+// </span>若本地回显标志置位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>169</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -45035,32 +45035,32 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������<span lang=EN-US>IXON</span>��־����ʹ�ն�ֹͣ<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>��ʼ��������ַ������á����û�����ô˱�־����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果设置了<span lang=EN-US>IXON</span>标志，则使终端停止<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>开始输出控制字符起作用。如果没有设置此标志，那</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ôֹͣ�Ϳ�ʼ�ַ�������Ϊһ���ַ������̶�ȡ������δ����У������ȡ���ַ���ֹͣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>么停止和开始字符将被作为一般字符供进程读取。在这段代码中，如果读取的字符是停止字</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>STOP</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>^S</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>tty </span>ֹͣ��־����<span lang=EN-US>tty </span>��ͣ�����ͬʱ��������������ַ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符<span lang=EN-US>STOP</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>^S</span>），则置<span lang=EN-US>tty </span>停止标志，让<span lang=EN-US>tty </span>暂停输出。同时丢弃该特殊控制字符（不放入</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������У������������������ַ�������ַ��ǿ�ʼ�ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>START</span>��<span lang=EN-US>^Q</span>������λ<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>ֹͣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>辅助队列中），并继续处理其他字符。如果字符是开始字符<span
+lang=EN-US>START</span>（<span lang=EN-US>^Q</span>），则复位<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>停止</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��־���ָ�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�����ͬʱ�����ÿ����ַ������������������ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标志，恢复<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>输出。同时丢弃该控制字符，并继续处理其他字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڿ���̨��˵�������<span
-lang=EN-US>tty-&gt;write()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>console.c</span>�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>con_write()</span>��������˿���̨��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于控制台来说，这里的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty-&gt;write()</span>是<span lang=EN-US>console.c</span>中的<span
+lang=EN-US>con_write()</span>函数。因此控制台将</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڷ���<span lang=EN-US>stopped=1</span>����������ͣ����Ļ����ʾ���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>chr_drv/console.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>586</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>由于发现<span lang=EN-US>stopped=1</span>而会立刻暂停在屏幕上显示新字符（<span
+lang=EN-US>chr_drv/console.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>586</span>行）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����α�ն�Ҳ�������������ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>stopped</span>��־������ͣд������<span lang=EN-US>chr_drv/pty.c</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>24</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于伪终端也是由于设置了终端<span
+lang=EN-US>stopped</span>标志而会暂停写操作（<span lang=EN-US>chr_drv/pty.c</span>，第<span
+lang=EN-US>24</span>行）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڴ����նˣ�ҲӦ���ڷ����ն˹����и����ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>stopped</span>��־��ͣ���ͣ�������δʵ�֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于串行终端，也应该在发送终端过程中根据终端<span
+lang=EN-US>stopped</span>标志暂停发送，但本版未实现。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>178</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -45120,26 +45120,26 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ģʽ��־����<span
-lang=EN-US>ISIG</span>��־��λ����ʾ�ն˼��̿��Բ����źţ������յ������ַ�<span lang=EN-US>INTR</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若输入模式标志集中<span
+lang=EN-US>ISIG</span>标志置位，表示终端键盘可以产生信号，则在收到控制字符<span lang=EN-US>INTR</span>、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // QUIT</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SUSP
-</span>�� <span lang=EN-US>DSUSP </span>ʱ����ҪΪ���̲�����Ӧ���źš� ������ַ��Ǽ����жϷ���<span
-lang=EN-US>^C</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // QUIT</span>、<span lang=EN-US>SUSP
+</span>或 <span lang=EN-US>DSUSP </span>时，需要为进程产生相应的信号。 如果该字符是键盘中断符（<span
+lang=EN-US>^C</span>），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ǰ����֮�����������н��̷��ͼ����ж��ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGINT</span>��������������һ�ַ��� �����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则向当前进程之进程组中所有进程发送键盘中断信号<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGINT</span>，并继续处理下一字符。 如果该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ����˳�����<span
-lang=EN-US>^\</span>��������ǰ����֮�����������н��̷��ͼ����˳��ź�<span lang=EN-US>SIGQUIT</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符是退出符（<span
+lang=EN-US>^\</span>），则向当前进程之进程组中所有进程发送键盘退出信号<span lang=EN-US>SIGQUIT</span>，并继续</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������һ�ַ�������ַ�����ͣ����<span
-lang=EN-US>^Z</span>��������ǰ���̷�����ͣ�ź�<span lang=EN-US>SIGTSTP</span>��ͬ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处理下一字符。如果字符是暂停符（<span
+lang=EN-US>^Z</span>），则向当前进程发送暂停信号<span lang=EN-US>SIGTSTP</span>。同样，若定</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>\0</span>������ô�ڶ��ַ����������ң����ַ�����ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>义了<span lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>\0</span>），那么在对字符处理过程忠，若字符代码值等于<span lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֵʱ����ʾ��ֹʹ����Ӧ��������ַ��Ĺ��ܡ����²��ن�����
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的值时，表示禁止使用相应特殊控制字符的功能。以下不再啰嗦了
 <span lang=EN-US>:-)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>192</span></u><span
@@ -45220,16 +45220,16 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ַ��ǻ��з�<span
-lang=EN-US>NL</span>��<span lang=EN-US>10</span>�����������ļ�������<span lang=EN-US>EOF</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>��<span lang=EN-US>^D</span>������ʾһ���ַ��Ѵ����꣬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该字符是换行符<span
+lang=EN-US>NL</span>（<span lang=EN-US>10</span>），或者是文件结束符<span lang=EN-US>EOF</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>，<span lang=EN-US>^D</span>），表示一行字符已处理完，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ѹ�����������е�ǰ�����ַ�����ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>secondary.data</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������ں���<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_read()</span>��ȡ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则把辅助缓冲队列中当前含有字符行数值<span
+lang=EN-US>secondary.data</span>增<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。如果在函数<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_read()</span>中取</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ���ַ�����ֵ���ᱻ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���μ�<span lang=EN-US>315</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>走一行字符，该值即会被减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，参见<span lang=EN-US>315</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>210</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -45244,21 +45244,21 @@ c==<u><span style='color:blue'>EOF_CHAR</span></u>(tty)))</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 tty-&gt;secondary-&gt;data++;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ģʽ��־���л��Ա�־<span
-lang=EN-US>ECHO</span>����λ״̬����ô������ַ��ǻ��з�<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>10</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果本地模式标志集中回显标志<span
+lang=EN-US>ECHO</span>在置位状态，那么，如果字符是换行符<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>10</span>），则将</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���з�<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>10</span>���ͻس���<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>��<span lang=EN-US>13</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>д���л������У�����ַ��ǿ����ַ���ֵ<span lang=EN-US>&lt;32</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>换行符<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>10</span>）和回车符<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>（<span lang=EN-US>13</span>）放入<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>写队列缓冲区中；如果字符是控制字符（值<span lang=EN-US>&lt;32</span>）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���һ��Կ����ַ���־<span
-lang=EN-US>ECHOCTL</span>��λ�����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>'^'</span>���ַ� <span
-lang=EN-US>c+64 </span>����<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>д�����У�Ҳ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并且回显控制字符标志<span
+lang=EN-US>ECHOCTL</span>置位，则将字符<span lang=EN-US>'^'</span>和字符 <span
+lang=EN-US>c+64 </span>放入<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>写队列中（也即会</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ<span lang=EN-US>^C</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>^H</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>�����򽫸��ַ�ֱ�ӷ���<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>д��������С������ø�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>д����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>显示<span lang=EN-US>^C</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>^H</span>等<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；否则将该字符直接放入<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>写缓冲队列中。最后调用该<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>写操作函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -45312,7 +45312,7 @@ tty-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>write</span></u>(tty);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ÿһ��ѭ��ĩ�����������ַ����븨�������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>每一次循环末将处理过的字符放入辅助队列中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>226</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -45321,7 +45321,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>227</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������˳�ѭ������ѵȴ��ø���������еĽ��̣�����еĻ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后在退出循环体后唤醒等待该辅助缓冲队列的进程（如果有的话）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -45389,42 +45389,42 @@ continuging its child process.</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>245</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����Ҫ�����ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGTTIN </span>��<span lang=EN-US> SIGTTOU </span>�����ǽ����������н���ʱ�ͻ���øú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>当需要发送信号<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGTTIN </span>或<span lang=EN-US> SIGTTOU </span>到我们进程组中所有进程时就会调用该函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ڽ���ʹ��Ĭ���źŴ����������£����ǽ�Ҫ��һ��ϵͳ���ñ��������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>在进程使用默认信号处理句柄情况下，我们仅要求一个系统调用被重新启动，如果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ϵͳ�������źŶ����жϡ���������ԭ���ǣ����һ����ҵ���ڲ���<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>有系统调用因本信号而被中断。这样做的原因是，如果一个作业正在捕获<span
 lang=EN-US>SIGTTIN</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US> SIGTTOU</span>�źţ���ô��Ӧ�źž��������ϣ��ϵͳ���ñ�äĿ���������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>或<span
+lang=EN-US> SIGTTOU</span>信号，那么相应信号句柄并不会希望系统调用被盲目地重新启动。如果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>û�������������ն˵�<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>��λ����ǰ<span lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>���������������<span
-lang=EN-US>logout</span>ʱ�����ն�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>没有其他方法把终端的<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>复位到当前<span lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>（例如可能由于在<span
+lang=EN-US>logout</span>时控制终端</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ѱ��ͷţ�����ô���ǲ���ϣ������������ϵͳ����ʱ����һ������ѭ���У�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>已被释放），那么我们并不希望在重新启动系统调用时掉入一个无限循环中，并且</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ǲ���<span
-lang=EN-US> SIGTTIN </span>��<span lang=EN-US> SIGTTOU </span>�źš�Ĭ�ϵ��źž����ʹ�ý���ֹͣ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>总是产生<span
+lang=EN-US> SIGTTIN </span>或<span lang=EN-US> SIGTTOU </span>信号。默认的信号句柄会使得进程停止，因而可以</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��������ѭ�����⡣��������ʶ����ҵ���Ƶĸ����̻��ڼ���ִ�����ӽ���֮ǰ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>避免无限循环问题。这里假设可识别作业控制的父进程会在继续执行其子进程之前</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������㶨��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>把问题搞定。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ʹ���ն˵Ľ����������н��̷����źš�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>向使用终端的进程组中所有进程发送信号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں�̨�������е�һ�����̷��ʿ����ն�ʱ���ú����������̨�������е����н��̷���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在后台进程组中的一个进程访问控制终端时，该函数用于向后台进程组中的所有进程发送</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // SIGTTIN</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>�źš����ۺ�̨�������еĽ����Ƿ��Ѿ���������Ե����������źţ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // SIGTTIN</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>信号。无论后台进程组中的进程是否已经阻塞或忽略掉了这两个信号，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ���̶��������˳���д���������ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前进程都将立刻退出读写操作而返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>246</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_signal</span></u>(int sig,
@@ -45433,12 +45433,12 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u> *tty)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>247</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǲ�ϣ��ֹͣһ���¶��������еĽ��̣��μ��ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/exit.c</span>�е�<span lang=EN-US>232</span>���ϵ�˵������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>我们不希望停止一个孤儿进程组中的进程（参见文件<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/exit.c</span>中第<span lang=EN-US>232</span>行上的说明）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ǰ�������ǹ¶������飬�ͳ������ء��������ǰ���������н��̷���ָ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因此如果当前进程组是孤儿进程组，就出错返回。否则就向当前进程组所有进程发送指定信</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>248</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -45452,14 +45452,14 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EIO</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>250</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (void) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>kill_pg</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;pgrp,sig,1);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ź�<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>��</p>
+// </span>发送信号<span lang=EN-US>sig</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������źű���ǰ�������������Σ������߱���ǰ���̺��Ե�����������ء��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果这个信号被当前进程阻塞（屏蔽），或者被当前进程忽略掉，则出错返回。否则，如果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ���̶��ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>sig</span>�������µĴ����������ô�ͷ������ǿɱ��жϵ���Ϣ������ͷ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前进程对信号<span
+lang=EN-US>sig</span>设置了新的处理句柄，那么就返回我们可被中断的信息。否则就返回在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ����������������Լ���ִ�е���Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统调用重新启动后可以继续执行的信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>251</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((<u><span
@@ -45502,14 +45502,14 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>260</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// tty</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// tty</span>读函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ն˸�����������ж�ȡָ���������ַ����ŵ��û�ָ���Ļ������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从终端辅助缓冲队列中读取指定数量的字符，放到用户指定的缓冲区中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>channel
-- </span>���豸�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>buf �C </span>�û�������ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>nr - </span>�����ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>channel
+- </span>子设备号；<span lang=EN-US>buf – </span>用户缓冲区指针；<span lang=EN-US>nr - </span>欲读字节数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ѷ��ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回已读字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>261</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_read</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -45538,14 +45538,14 @@ style='color:blue'>time</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>267</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ�����Ч�Բ�ȡ�ն˵�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹָ�롣���<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն˵������������ָ�붼��<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数有效性并取终端的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构指针。如果<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端的三个缓冲队列指针都是<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>EIO</span>������Ϣ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն���һ��α�նˣ�����ȡ����һ����Ӧα�ն˵�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则返回<span lang=EN-US>EIO</span>出错信息。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端是一个伪终端，则再取得另一个对应伪终端的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // other_tty</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // other_tty</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>268</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (channel &gt;
@@ -45567,15 +45567,15 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EIO</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ����ʹ�õ����������ڴ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�նˣ������ն˵Ľ������ȴ�뵱ǰ������Ų�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前进程使用的是这里正在处理的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端，但该终端的进程组号却与当前进程组号不</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͬ����ʾ��ǰ�����Ǻ�̨�������е�һ�����̣������̲���ǰ̨����������Ҫֹͣ��ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>同，表示当前进程是后台进程组中的一个进程，即进程不在前台。于是我们要停止当前进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������н��̡�����������Ҫ��ǰ�����鷢��<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGTTIN</span>�źţ������صȴ���Ϊǰ̨����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>组的所有进程。因此这里就需要向当前进程组发送<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGTTIN</span>信号，并返回等待成为前台进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ִ�ж�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>组后再执行读操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>273</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((<u><span
@@ -45587,10 +45587,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 return(<u><span style='color:blue'>tty_signal</span></u>(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>SIGTTIN</span></u>, tty));</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ�ն���α�նˣ���ô��Ӧ����һ��α�ն˾���<span
-lang=EN-US>other_tty</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>����α�նˣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前终端是伪终端，那么对应的另一个伪终端就是<span
+lang=EN-US>other_tty</span>。若这里<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>是主伪终端，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ô<span lang=EN-US>other_tty</span>���Ƕ�Ӧ�Ĵ�α�նˣ���֮ҲȻ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>那么<span lang=EN-US>other_tty</span>就是对应的从伪终端，反之也然。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>275</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (channel &amp;
@@ -45603,58 +45603,58 @@ other_tty = <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_table</span></u> + (channel ^
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����<span lang=EN-US>
-VTIME </span>��<span lang=EN-US>VMIN </span>��Ӧ�Ŀ����ַ�����ֵ���ö��ַ�������ʱ��ʱֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>time</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后根据<span lang=EN-US>
+VTIME </span>和<span lang=EN-US>VMIN </span>对应的控制字符数组值设置读字符操作超时定时值<span
+lang=EN-US>time</span>和最少需</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ҫ��ȡ���ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>minimum</span>���ڷǹ淶ģʽ�£��������ǳ�ʱ��ʱֵ��<span lang=EN-US>VMIN</span>��ʾΪ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>要读取的字符个数<span
+lang=EN-US>minimum</span>。在非规范模式下，这两个是超时定时值。<span lang=EN-US>VMIN</span>表示为了满足读</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ҫ��ȡ�������ַ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>VTIME</span>��һ��<span lang=EN-US>1/10</span>�������ʱֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>操作而需要读取的最少字符个数。<span
+lang=EN-US>VTIME</span>是一个<span lang=EN-US>1/10</span>秒计数计时值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>277</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>time</span></u> = 10L*tty-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_cc[<u><span
-style='color:blue'>VTIME</span></u>];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���ö�������ʱ��ʱֵ��</p>
+style='color:blue'>VTIME</span></u>];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>设置读操作超时定时值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>278</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; minimum = tty-&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_cc[<u><span style='color:blue'>VMIN</span></u>];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������Ҫ��ȡ���ַ�������</p>
+// </span>最少需要读取的字符个数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն˴��ڹ淶ģʽ����������СҪ��ȡ�ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>minimum </span>���ڽ��������ַ���<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>��ͬ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端处于规范模式，则设置最小要读取字符数<span
+lang=EN-US>minimum </span>等于进程欲读字符数<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>。同</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʱ�ѽ��̶�ȡ<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>�ַ��ĳ�ʱʱ��ֵ����Ϊ����ֵ�����ᳬʱ��������˵���ն˴��ڷǹ淶ģ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>时把进程读取<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>字符的超时时间值设置为极大值（不会超时）。否则说明终端处于非规范模</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʽ�£�����ʱ���������ٶ�ȡ�ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>minimum</span>��������ʱ���ý��Ƕ���ʱ��ʱֵΪ���޴���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>式下，若此时设置了最少读取字符数<span
+lang=EN-US>minimum</span>，则先临时设置进城读超时定时值为无限大，以</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ý����ȶ�ȡ���������������ַ�������������ַ�������
-<span lang=EN-US>minimum </span>�Ļ��������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>让进程先读取辅助队列中已有字符。如果读到的字符数不足
+<span lang=EN-US>minimum </span>的话，后面代码会根据</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ���ĳ�ʱֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>time </span>�����ý��̵Ķ���ʱֵ <span lang=EN-US>timeout</span>������ȴ���ȡ�����ַ����μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>328</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指定的超时值<span
+lang=EN-US>time </span>来设置进程的读超时值 <span lang=EN-US>timeout</span>，并会等待读取其余字符。参见<span
+lang=EN-US>328</span>行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱû���������ٶ�ȡ�ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>minimum</span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������������Ϊ���������ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若此时没有设置最少读取字符数<span
+lang=EN-US>minimum</span>（为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>），则将其设置为进程欲读字符数<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>，并且如</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������˳�ʱ��ʱֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>time</span>�Ļ����Ͱѽ��̶��ַ���ʱ��ʱֵ<span lang=EN-US>timeout</span>����Ϊϵͳ��ǰʱ��ֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>果设置了超时定时值<span
+lang=EN-US>time</span>的话，就把进程读字符超时定时值<span lang=EN-US>timeout</span>设置为系统当前时间值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //&nbsp; + </span>ָ���ĳ�ʱֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>time</span>��ͬʱ��λ<span lang=EN-US>time</span>�� ���⣬����������õ����ٶ�ȡ�ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>minimum</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //&nbsp; + </span>指定的超时值<span
+lang=EN-US>time</span>，同时复位<span lang=EN-US>time</span>。 另外，如果以上设置的最少读取字符数<span
+lang=EN-US>minimum</span>大</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڽ�������ȡ���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>������<span lang=EN-US>minimum=nr</span>�������ڹ淶ģʽ�µĶ�ȡ������������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于进程欲读取的字符数<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>，则让<span lang=EN-US>minimum=nr</span>。即对于规范模式下的读取操作，它不受<span
 lang=EN-US>VTIME</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>VMIN</span>��Ӧ�����ַ�ֵ��Լ���Ϳ��ƣ����ǽ��ڷǹ淶ģʽ����ģʽ�������������á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和<span lang=EN-US>VMIN</span>对应控制字符值的约束和控制，它们仅在非规范模式（生模式）操作中起作用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>279</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -45708,20 +45708,20 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (minimum&gt;nr)</
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>292</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 minimum = nr;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ȡҪ����ַ�����</p>
+// </span>最多读取要求的字符数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ǿ�ʼ�Ӹ���������ѭ��ȡ���ַ����ŵ��û�������<span
-lang=EN-US>buf </span>�С����������ֽ�������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在我们开始从辅助队列中循环取出字符并放到用户缓冲区<span
+lang=EN-US>buf </span>中。当欲读的字节数大于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ������ѭ����������ѭ�������У������ǰ�ն���α�նˣ���ô���Ǿ�ִ�����Ӧ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则执行以下循环操作。在循环过程中，如果当前终端是伪终端，那么我们就执行其对应的另</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ��α�ն˵�д��������������һ��α�ն˰��ַ�д�뵱ǰα�ն˸������л������С�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一个伪终端的写操作函数，让另一个伪终端把字符写入当前伪终端辅助队列缓冲区中。即让</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ�ն˰�д���л��������ַ����Ƶ���ǰα�ն˶����л������У������й�̺���ת����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>另一终端把写队列缓冲区中字符复制到当前伪终端读队列缓冲区中，并经行规程函数转换后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���뵱ǰα�ն˸��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>放入当前伪终端辅助队列中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>293</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;while (nr&gt;0) {</span></p>
@@ -45734,20 +45734,20 @@ if (other_tty)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 other_tty-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>write</span></u>(other_tty);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�����������Ϊ�գ����������˹淶ģʽ��־����<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�����л�����δ�������Ҹ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>辅助缓冲队列为空，或者设置了规范模式标志并且<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>读队列缓冲区未满，并且辅</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ַ�����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ô�����û�����ù����̶��ַ���ʱֵ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�������ߵ�ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>助队列中字符行数为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，那么，如果没有设置过进程读字符超时值（为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>），或者当前进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀǰ�յ��źţ������˳�ѭ���塣����������ն���һ����α�նˣ��������Ӧ����α�ն�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目前收到信号，就先退出循环体。否则如果本终端是一个从伪终端，并且其对应的主伪终端</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ѿ��Ҷϣ���ô����Ҳ�˳�ѭ���塣�������������������������Ǿ��õ�ǰ���̽������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>已经挂断，那么我们也退出循环体。如果不是以上这两种情况，我们就让当前进程进入可中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��˯��״̬�����غ�������������ڹ淶ģʽʱ�ں�����Ϊ��λΪ�û��ṩ���ݣ�����ڸ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>断睡眠状态，返回后继续处理。由于规范模式时内核以行为单位为用户提供数据，因此在该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ģʽ�¸��������б���������һ���ַ��ɹ�ȡ�ã���<span
-lang=EN-US>secondary.data</span>������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>模式下辅助队列中必须起码有一行字符可供取用，即<span
+lang=EN-US>secondary.data</span>起码是<span lang=EN-US>1</span>才行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>296</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -45813,31 +45813,31 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sti</span></u>();</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���濪ʼ��ʽִ��ȡ�ַ�����������ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>���εݼ���ֱ��<span lang=EN-US>nr=0</span>���߸����������Ϊ�ա�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面开始正式执行取字符操作。需读字符数<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>依次递减，直到<span lang=EN-US>nr=0</span>或者辅助缓冲队列为空。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ѭ�������У�����ȡ������������ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>c</span>�����Ұѻ������βָ��<span lang=EN-US>tail</span>�����ƶ�һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在这个循环过程中，首先取辅助缓冲队列字符<span
+lang=EN-US>c</span>，并且把缓冲队列尾指针<span lang=EN-US>tail</span>向右移动一个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ�λ�á������ȡ�ַ����ļ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>^D</span>�������ǻ��з�<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>��<span lang=EN-US>10</span>������Ѹ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符位置。如果所取字符是文件结束符（<span
+lang=EN-US>^D</span>）或者是换行符<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>（<span lang=EN-US>10</span>），则把辅助缓冲队列中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ�����ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�� ������ַ����ļ���������<span lang=EN-US>^D</span>�����ҹ淶ģʽ��־����λ״̬������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>含有字符行数值减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。 如果该字符是文件结束符（<span lang=EN-US>^D</span>）并且规范模式标志成置位状态，则中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ϱ�ѭ��������˵�����ڻ�û�������ļ�����������������ԭʼ���ǹ淶��ģʽ��������ģ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>断本循环，否则说明现在还没有遇到文件结束符或者正处于原始（非规范）模式。在这种模</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʽ���û����ַ�����Ϊ��ȡ����Ҳ��ʶ�����еĿ����ַ������ļ��������������ǽ��ַ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>式中用户以字符流作为读取对象，也不识别其中的控制字符（如文件结束符）。于是将字符</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֱ�ӷ����û����ݻ����� <span
-lang=EN-US>buf</span>�У����������ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����ʱ��������ַ�����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>直接放入用户数据缓冲区 <span
+lang=EN-US>buf</span>中，并把欲读字符数减<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。此时如果欲读字符数已为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>则中断</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ѭ�������⣬����ն˴��ڹ淶ģʽ���Ҷ�ȡ���ַ��ǻ��з�<span
-lang=EN-US>NL</span>��<span lang=EN-US>10</span>������Ҳ�˳�ѭ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>循环。另外，如果终端处于规范模式并且读取的字符是换行符<span
+lang=EN-US>NL</span>（<span lang=EN-US>10</span>），则也退出循环。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����֮�⣬ֻҪ��û��ȡ�������ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>���Ҹ������в��գ��ͼ���ȡ�����е��ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>除此之外，只要还没有取完欲读字符数<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>并且辅助队列不空，就继续取队列中的字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>311</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -45905,23 +45905,23 @@ break;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 } while (nr&gt;0 &amp;&amp; !<u><span style='color:blue'>EMPTY</span></u>(tty-&gt;secondary));</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�е��ˣ���ô��� <span
-lang=EN-US>tty </span>�ն˴��ڹ淶ģʽ�£�˵�����ǿ��ܶ����˻��з������������ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行到此，那么如果 <span
+lang=EN-US>tty </span>终端处于规范模式下，说明我们可能读到了换行符或者遇到了文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������Ǵ��ڷǹ淶ģʽ�£���ô˵�������Ѿ���ȡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>���ַ������߸��������Ѿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>结束符。如果是处于非规范模式下，那么说明我们已经读取了<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>个字符，或者辅助队列已经</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ���ˡ������������Ȼ��ѵȴ������еĽ��̣�Ȼ�󿴿��Ƿ����ù���ʱ��ʱֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>time</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>被取空了。于是我们首先唤醒等待读队列的进程，然后看看是否设置过超时定时值<span
+lang=EN-US>time</span>。如</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱ��ʱֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>time</span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����Ǿ�Ҫ��ȴ�һ����ʱ�����������̿��԰��ַ�д��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>果超时定时值<span
+lang=EN-US>time</span>不为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，我们就要求等待一定的时间让其他进程可以把字符写入读队列中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ý��̶���ʱ��ʱֵΪϵͳ��ǰʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>jiffies + </span>����ʱֵ<span lang=EN-US>time</span>����Ȼ������ն˴���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于是设置进程读超时定时值为系统当前时间<span
+lang=EN-US>jiffies + </span>读超时值<span lang=EN-US>time</span>。当然，如果终端处于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�淶ģʽ�������Ѿ���ȡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>���ַ������ǾͿ���ֱ���˳������ѭ���ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>规范模式，或者已经读取了<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>个字符，我们就可以直接退出这个大循环了。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>327</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -45948,12 +45948,12 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>332</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ַ�ѭ��������������˸�λ���̵Ķ�ȡ��ʱ��ʱֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>timeout</span>�������ʱ��ǰ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时读取<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>字符循环操作结束，因此复位进程的读取超时定时值<span
+lang=EN-US>timeout</span>。如果此时当前进</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����յ��źŲ��һ�û�ж�ȡ���κ��ַ���������������ϵͳ���úŷ��ء�����ͷ����Ѷ�ȡ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程已收到信号并且还没有读取到任何字符，则以重新启动系统调用号返回。否则就返回已读取</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ַ���<span lang=EN-US>(b-buf)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的字符数<span lang=EN-US>(b-buf)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>333</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -45978,15 +45978,15 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>338</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// tty</span>д������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// tty</span>写函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���û��������е��ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>д���л������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把用户缓冲区中的字符放入<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>写队列缓冲区中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>channel
-- </span>���豸�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>buf - </span>������ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>nr - </span>д�ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>channel
+- </span>子设备号；<span lang=EN-US>buf - </span>缓冲区指针；<span lang=EN-US>nr - </span>写字节数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������д�ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回已写字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>339</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_write</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -46009,11 +46009,11 @@ style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>344</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ�����Ч�Բ�ȡ�ն˵�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹָ�롣���<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն˵������������ָ�붼��<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数有效性并取终端的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构指针。如果<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端的三个缓冲队列指针都是<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>EIO</span>������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则返回<span lang=EN-US>EIO</span>出错信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>345</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (channel &gt;
@@ -46035,18 +46035,18 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EIO</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ն˱���ģʽ��־����������<span
-lang=EN-US>TOSTOP</span>����ʾ��̨�������ʱ��Ҫ�����ź�<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果若终端本地模式标志集中设置了<span
+lang=EN-US>TOSTOP</span>，表示后台进程输出时需要发送信号<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ����ʹ�õ����������ڴ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�նˣ������ն˵Ľ������ȴ�뵱ǰ������Ų�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前进程使用的是这里正在处理的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端，但该终端的进程组号却与当前进程组号不</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͬ������ʾ��ǰ�����Ǻ�̨�������е�һ�����̣������̲���ǰ̨����������Ҫֹͣ��ǰ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>同，即表示当前进程是后台进程组中的一个进程，即进程不在前台。于是我们要停止当前进</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������н��̡�����������Ҫ��ǰ�����鷢��<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>�źţ������صȴ���Ϊǰ̨��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程组的所有进程。因此这里就需要向当前进程组发送<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>信号，并返回等待成为前台进</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ִ��д������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程组后再执行写操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>350</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -46062,13 +46062,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 return(<u><span style='color:blue'>tty_signal</span></u>(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>SIGTTOU</span></u>, tty));</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ǿ�ʼ���û�������<span
-lang=EN-US>buf</span>��ѭ��ȡ���ַ����ŵ�д���л������С�����д�ֽ�������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在我们开始从用户缓冲区<span
+lang=EN-US>buf</span>中循环取出字符并放到写队列缓冲区中。当欲写字节数大于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ������ѭ����������ѭ�������У������ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>д������������ǰ���̽�����жϵ�˯</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则执行以下循环操作。在循环过程中，如果此时<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>写队列已满，则当前进程进入可中断的睡</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��״̬�������ǰ�������ź�Ҫ���������˳�ѭ���塣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>眠状态。如果当前进程有信号要处理，则退出循环体。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>353</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (nr&gt;0) {</span></p>
@@ -46086,13 +46086,13 @@ if (<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;signal &amp;
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ҫд���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>д���л�������������ѭ��ִ�����²��������ȴ��û�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当要写的字符数<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>还大于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>并且<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>写队列缓冲区不满，则循环执行以下操作。首先从用户</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ȡ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽڡ�����ն����ģʽ��־���е�ִ�����������־
-<span lang=EN-US>OPOST </span>��λ����ִ�ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>缓冲区中取<span lang=EN-US>1</span>字节。如果终端输出模式标志集中的执行输出处理标志
+<span lang=EN-US>OPOST </span>置位，则执行对</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ��ĺ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符的后处理操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>357</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -46107,16 +46107,16 @@ c=<u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_byte</span></u>(b);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>O_POST</span></u>(tty)) {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ַ��ǻس���<span
-lang=EN-US>'\r'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>��<span lang=EN-US>13</span>�����һس���ת���з���־<span
-lang=EN-US>OCRNL</span>��λ���򽫸��ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该字符是回车符<span
+lang=EN-US>'\r'</span>（<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>，<span lang=EN-US>13</span>）并且回车符转换行符标志<span
+lang=EN-US>OCRNL</span>置位，则将该字符换成</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���з�<span lang=EN-US>'\n'</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>NL</span>��<span lang=EN-US>10</span>��������������ַ��ǻ��з�<span lang=EN-US>'\n'</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>NL</span>��<span lang=EN-US>10</span>�����һ���ת�س����ܱ�־</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>换行符<span lang=EN-US>'\n'</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>NL</span>，<span lang=EN-US>10</span>）；否则如果该字符是换行符<span lang=EN-US>'\n'</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>NL</span>，<span lang=EN-US>10</span>）并且换行转回车功能标志</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ONLRET</span>��λ�Ļ����򽫸��ַ����ɻس���<span
-lang=EN-US>'\r'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>��<span lang=EN-US>13</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ONLRET</span>置位的话，则将该字符换成回车符<span
+lang=EN-US>'\r'</span>（<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>，<span lang=EN-US>13</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>360</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -46134,15 +46134,15 @@ else if (c==<i>'\n'</i> &amp;&amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>O_NLRET</span></u
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;c=<i>'\r'</i>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ַ��ǻ��з�<span
-lang=EN-US>'\n' </span>���һس���־<span lang=EN-US>cr_flag</span>û����λ��������ת�س�<span
-lang=EN-US>-</span>���б�־<span lang=EN-US>ONLCR</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该字符是换行符<span
+lang=EN-US>'\n' </span>并且回车标志<span lang=EN-US>cr_flag</span>没有置位，但换行转回车<span
+lang=EN-US>-</span>换行标志<span lang=EN-US>ONLCR</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ�Ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>cr_flag</span>��־��λ������һ�س�������д�����С�Ȼ�����������һ���ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>置位的话，则将<span
+lang=EN-US>cr_flag</span>标志置位，并将一回车符放入写队列中。然后继续处理下一个字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Сдת��д��־<span
-lang=EN-US>OLCUC</span>��λ�Ļ����ͽ����ַ�ת�ɴ�д�ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果小写转大写标志<span
+lang=EN-US>OLCUC</span>置位的话，就将该字符转成大写字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>364</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -46168,7 +46168,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>369</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>O_LCUC</span></u>(tty))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Сдת�ɴ�д�ַ���</p>
+// </span>小写转成大写字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>370</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -46178,11 +46178,11 @@ c=<u><span style='color:blue'>toupper</span></u>(c);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ű��û����ݻ���ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>b</span>ǰ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽڣ���д�ֽ�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽڣ���λ<span
-lang=EN-US>cr_flag</span>��־��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着把用户数据缓冲指针<span
+lang=EN-US>b</span>前移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>字节；欲写字节数减<span lang=EN-US>1</span>字节；复位<span
+lang=EN-US>cr_flag</span>标志，并将该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ֽڷ���<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>д�����С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字节放入<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>写队列中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>372</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -46200,19 +46200,19 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ҫ����ַ�ȫ��д�꣬����д����������������˳�ѭ������ʱ����ö�Ӧ<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>д������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若要求的字符全部写完，或者写队列已满，则程序退出循环。此时会调用对应<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>写函数，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��д���л������е��ַ���ʾ�ڿ���̨��Ļ�ϣ�����ͨ�����ж˿ڷ��ͳ�ȥ�������ǰ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把写队列缓冲区中的字符显示在控制台屏幕上，或者通过串行端口发送出去。如果当前处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ǿ���̨�նˣ���ô<span
-lang=EN-US>tty-&gt;write()</span>���õ���<span lang=EN-US>con_write()</span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�Ǵ����նˣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>理的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>是控制台终端，那么<span
+lang=EN-US>tty-&gt;write()</span>调用的是<span lang=EN-US>con_write()</span>；如果<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>是串行终端，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>tty-&gt;write()</span>���õ���<span
-lang=EN-US>rs_write()</span>�������������ֽ�Ҫд����ȴ�д�������ַ�ȡ�ߡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则<span lang=EN-US>tty-&gt;write()</span>调用的是<span
+lang=EN-US>rs_write()</span>函数。若还有字节要写，则等待写队列中字符取走。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������õ��ȳ�����ȥִ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>所以这里调用调度程序，先去执行其他任务。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>376</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -46232,7 +46232,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>380</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return (b-<u><span
 style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��󷵻�д����ֽ�����</p>
+// </span>最后返回写入的字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>381</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -46285,37 +46285,37 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ǣ���ʱ����ú�ϲ��<span
-lang=EN-US>386</span>�����ӳ��򱻴�һ���жϴ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>呵，有时我真得很喜欢<span
+lang=EN-US>386</span>。该子程序被从一个中断处理程序中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ã����Ҽ�ʹ���жϴ���������˯��ҲӦ�þ���û�����⣨��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>调用，并且即使在中断处理程序中睡眠也应该绝对没有问题（我</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ϣ����ˣ�����Ȼ���������֤�����Ǵ��ģ���ô�ҽ�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>希望如此）。当然，如果有人证明我是错的，那么我将憎恨<span
 lang=EN-US>intel</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>һ����<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>���������Ǳ���С�ģ��ڵ��ø��ӳ���֮ǰ��Ҫ�ָ��жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>一辈子<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>。但是我们必须小心，在调用该子程序之前需要恢复中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�Ҳ���Ϊ��ͨ�������»ᴦ������˯�ߣ������ܺã���Ϊ����˯��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>我不认为在通常环境下会处在这里睡眠，这样很好，因为任务睡眠</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ȫ����ġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>是完全任意的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// tty</span>�жϴ������ú���<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>�ַ��淶ģʽ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// tty</span>中断处理调用函数<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>字符规范模式处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tty
-- </span>ָ����<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն˺š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tty
+- </span>指定的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն˶��л������е��ַ����ƻ�ת���ɹ淶<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>ģʽ�ַ�������ڸ��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将指定<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端队列缓冲区中的字符复制或转换成规范<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>熟<span lang=EN-US>)</span>模式字符并存放在辅助队列中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������ڴ��ڶ��ַ��жϣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>rs_io.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>109</span>���ͼ����жϣ�<span lang=EN-US>kerboard.S</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>69</span>���б����á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数会在串口读字符中断（<span
+lang=EN-US>rs_io.s</span>，<span lang=EN-US>109</span>）和键盘中断（<span lang=EN-US>kerboard.S</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>69</span>）中被调用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>397</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>do_tty_interrupt</span></u>(int
@@ -46334,7 +46334,7 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>401</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ַ��豸��ʼ���������գ�Ϊ�Ժ���չ��׼����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>字符设备初始化函数。空，为以后扩展做准备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>402</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>chr_dev_init</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -46348,9 +46348,9 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>405</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// tty</span>�ն˳�ʼ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// tty</span>终端初始化函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ�������ն˻�����У���ʼ�������ն˺Ϳ���̨�նˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>初始化所有终端缓冲队列，初始化串口终端和控制台终端。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>406</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_init</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -46364,15 +46364,15 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>409</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ�ʼ�������ն˵Ļ�����нṹ�����ó�ֵ�����ڴ����ն˵Ķ�<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д������У������ǵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先初始化所有终端的缓冲队列结构，设置初值。对于串行终端的读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写缓冲队列，将它们的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // data</span>�ֶ�����Ϊ���ж˿ڻ���ֵַ������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x3f8</span>������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x2f8</span>��Ȼ���ȳ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // data</span>字段设置为串行端口基地址值。串口<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>是<span lang=EN-US>0x3f8</span>，串口<span lang=EN-US>2</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>0x2f8</span>。然后先初步设置所有</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ն˵�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ�����������ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>c_cc[]</span>���õĳ�ֵ������<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/tty.h</span>�ļ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>终端的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构。其中特殊字符数组<span
+lang=EN-US>c_cc[]</span>设置的初值定义在<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/tty.h</span>文件中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>410</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0 ; i &lt; <u><span
@@ -46429,33 +46429,33 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>421</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ų�ʼ������̨�նˣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>console.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>834</span>�У�����<span lang=EN-US>
-con_init()</span>�����������Ϊ������Ҫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着初始化控制台终端（<span
+lang=EN-US>console.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>834</span>行）。把<span lang=EN-US>
+con_init()</span>放在这里，是因为我们需要根</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʾ�����ͺ���ʾ�ڴ�������ȷ��ϵͳ���������̨������<span
-lang=EN-US>NR_CONSOLES</span>����ֵ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>据显示卡类型和显示内存容量来确定系统中虚拟控制台的数量<span
+lang=EN-US>NR_CONSOLES</span>。该值被用于随后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ŀ���̨<span lang=EN-US>tty
-</span>�ṹ��ʼ��ѭ���С����ڿ���̨��<span lang=EN-US>tty </span>�ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>425--430</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ�а�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的控制台<span lang=EN-US>tty
+</span>结构初始化循环中。对于控制台的<span lang=EN-US>tty </span>结构，<span lang=EN-US>425--430</span>行是<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构中包含的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // termios</span>�ṹ�ֶΡ���������ģʽ��־������ʼ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>ICRNL</span>��־�����ģʽ��־����ʼ��Ϊ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // termios</span>结构字段。其中输入模式标志集被初始化为<span
+lang=EN-US>ICRNL</span>标志；输出模式标志被初始化为含</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�к�����־<span
-lang=EN-US>OPOST</span>�Ͱ�<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>ת����<span lang=EN-US>CRNL</span>�ı�־<span
-lang=EN-US>ONLCR</span>������ģʽ��־������ʼ������<span lang=EN-US>IXON</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有后处理标志<span
+lang=EN-US>OPOST</span>和把<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>转换成<span lang=EN-US>CRNL</span>的标志<span
+lang=EN-US>ONLCR</span>；本地模式标志集被初始化含有<span lang=EN-US>IXON</span>、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ICANON</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>ECHO</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ECHOCTL</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ECHOKE</span>��־�������ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>c_cc[]</span>�����ú��г�ʼֵ<span lang=EN-US>INIT_C_CC</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ICANON</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>ECHO</span>、<span lang=EN-US>ECHOCTL</span>和<span lang=EN-US>ECHOKE</span>标志；控制字符数组<span
+lang=EN-US>c_cc[]</span>被设置含有初始值<span lang=EN-US>INIT_C_CC</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 435</span>���ϳ�ʼ������̨�ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ�еĶ����塢д����͸���������нṹ�����Ƿֱ�ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 435</span>行上初始化控制台终端<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构中的读缓冲、写缓冲和辅助缓冲队列结构，它们分别指向</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty </span>������нṹ����<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_table[]</span>�е���Ӧ�ṹ��μ�<span lang=EN-US>61--73</span>���ϵ����˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty </span>缓冲队列结构数组<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_table[]</span>中的相应结构项。参见<span lang=EN-US>61--73</span>行上的相关说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>422</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -46473,59 +46473,59 @@ style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u>) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>425</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 {<u><span style='color:blue'>ICRNL</span></u>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/*
-change incoming CR to NL */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* CR</span>ת<span lang=EN-US>NL
+change incoming CR to NL */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* CR</span>转<span lang=EN-US>NL
 */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>426</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>OPOST</span></u>|<u><span style='color:blue'>ONLCR</span></u>,
-&nbsp;<b><i>/* change outgoing NL to CRNL */</i></b> /*NL</span>ת<span
+&nbsp;<b><i>/* change outgoing NL to CRNL */</i></b> /*NL</span>转<span
 lang=EN-US>CRNL*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>427</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ģʽ��־����</p>
+// </span>控制模式标志集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>428</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>IXON</span></u> | <u><span style='color:blue'>ISIG</span></u>
 | <u><span style='color:blue'>ICANON</span></u> | <u><span style='color:blue'>ECHO</span></u>
 | <u><span style='color:blue'>ECHOCTL</span></u> | <u><span style='color:blue'>ECHOKE</span></u>,
-// </span>���ر�־����</p>
+// </span>本地标志集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>429</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/*
-console termio */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��·��̣�<span lang=EN-US>0
--- TTY</span>��</p>
+console termio */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>线路规程，<span lang=EN-US>0
+-- TTY</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>430</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>INIT_C_CC</span></u>},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>c_cc[]</span>��</p>
+// </span>控制字符数组<span lang=EN-US>c_cc[]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>431</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/*
-initial pgrp */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʼ������<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>��</p>
+initial pgrp */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>所属初始进程组<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>432</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/*
-initial session */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ�Ự��<span lang=EN-US>session</span>��</p>
+initial session */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>初始会话组<span lang=EN-US>session</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>433</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* initial stopped */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼֹͣ��־<span
-lang=EN-US>stopped</span>��</p>
+<b><i>/* initial stopped */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>初始停止标志<span
+lang=EN-US>stopped</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>434</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>con_write</span></u>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����̨д������</p>
+// </span>控制台写函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>435</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -46539,15 +46539,15 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>437</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���ʼ�������ն˵�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ���ֶΡ�<span lang=EN-US>450</span>�г�ʼ�������ն�<span lang=EN-US>tty
-</span>�ṹ�еĶ�<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д�͸�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后初始化串行终端的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构各字段。<span lang=EN-US>450</span>行初始化串行终端<span lang=EN-US>tty
+</span>结构中的读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写和辅助缓</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����нṹ�����Ƿֱ�ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>tty </span>������нṹ����<span lang=EN-US>tty_table[]</span>�е���Ӧ�ṹ��μ�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>冲队列结构，它们分别指向<span
+lang=EN-US>tty </span>缓冲队列结构数组<span lang=EN-US>tty_table[]</span>中的相应结构项。参见<span
 lang=EN-US>61--</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 73</span>���ϵ����˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 73</span>行上的相关说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>438</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i = 0 ; i&lt;<u><span
@@ -46560,59 +46560,59 @@ style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u>) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>440</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-{0, <b><i>/* no translation */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ģʽ��־����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������ת����</p>
+{0, <b><i>/* no translation */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入模式标志集。<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，无须转换。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>441</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0,&nbsp; <b><i>/* no translation */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ģʽ��־����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������ת����</p>
+0,&nbsp; <b><i>/* no translation */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输出模式标志集。<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，无须转换。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>442</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>B2400</span></u> | <u><span style='color:blue'>CS8</span></u>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ģʽ��־����<span lang=EN-US>2400bps</span>��<span lang=EN-US>8</span>λ����λ��</p>
+// </span>控制模式标志集。<span lang=EN-US>2400bps</span>，<span lang=EN-US>8</span>位数据位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>443</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ģʽ��־����</p>
+// </span>本地模式标志集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>444</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��·��̣�<span lang=EN-US>0 -- TTY</span>��</p>
+// </span>线路规程，<span lang=EN-US>0 -- TTY</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>445</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>INIT_C_CC</span></u>},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ַ����顣</p>
+// </span>控制字符数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>446</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʼ�����顣</p>
+// </span>所属初始进程组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>447</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��ʼ�Ự�顣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>初始会话组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>448</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼֹͣ��־��</p>
+// </span>初始停止标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>449</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>rs_write</span></u>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ն�д������</p>
+// </span>串口终端写函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>450</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>rs_queues</span></u>+0+i*3,<u><span
 style='color:blue'>rs_queues</span></u>+1+i*3,<u><span style='color:blue'>rs_queues</span></u>+2+i*3&nbsp;
-// </span>�������С�</p>
+// </span>三个队列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>451</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -46621,13 +46621,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>452</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���ٳ�ʼ��α�ն�ʹ�õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ��α�ն������ʹ�õģ���һ������<span lang=EN-US>master</span>��α�ն���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后再初始化伪终端使用的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构。伪终端是配对使用的，即一个主（<span lang=EN-US>master</span>）伪终端配</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ���ӣ�<span lang=EN-US>slave</span>��α�նˡ���˶����Ƕ�Ҫ���г�ʼ�����á���ѭ���У��������ȳ�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有一个从（<span lang=EN-US>slave</span>）伪终端。因此对它们都要进行初始化设置。在循环中，我们首先初始化</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ÿ����α�ն˵�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ��Ȼ���ٳ�ʼ�����Ӧ�Ĵ�α�ն˵�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>每个主伪终端的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构，然后再初始化其对应的从伪终端的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>453</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i = 0 ; i&lt;<u><span
@@ -46640,52 +46640,52 @@ style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u>) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>455</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-{0, <b><i>/* no translation */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ģʽ��־����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������ת����</p>
+{0, <b><i>/* no translation */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入模式标志集。<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，无须转换。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>456</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0,&nbsp; <b><i>/* no translation */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ģʽ��־����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������ת����</p>
+0,&nbsp; <b><i>/* no translation */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输出模式标志集。<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，无须转换。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>457</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>B9600</span></u> | <u><span style='color:blue'>CS8</span></u>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ģʽ��־����<span lang=EN-US>9600bps</span>��<span lang=EN-US>8</span>λ����λ��</p>
+// </span>控制模式标志集。<span lang=EN-US>9600bps</span>，<span lang=EN-US>8</span>位数据位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>458</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ģʽ��־����</p>
+// </span>本地模式标志集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>459</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��·��̣�<span lang=EN-US>0 -- TTY</span>��</p>
+// </span>线路规程，<span lang=EN-US>0 -- TTY</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>460</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>INIT_C_CC</span></u>},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ַ����顣</p>
+// </span>控制字符数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>461</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>������ʼ�����顣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>所属初始进程组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>462</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>������ʼ�Ự�顣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>所属初始会话组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>463</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼֹͣ��־��</p>
+// </span>初始停止标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>464</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>mpty_write</span></u>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��α�ն�д������</p>
+// </span>主伪终端写函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>465</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -46703,54 +46703,54 @@ style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u>) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>468</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-{0, <b><i>/* no translation */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ģʽ��־����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������ת����</p>
+{0, <b><i>/* no translation */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入模式标志集。<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，无须转换。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>469</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0,&nbsp; <b><i>/* no translation */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ģʽ��־����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������ת����</p>
+0,&nbsp; <b><i>/* no translation */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输出模式标志集。<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，无须转换。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>470</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>B9600</span></u> | <u><span style='color:blue'>CS8</span></u>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ģʽ��־����<span lang=EN-US>9600bps</span>��<span lang=EN-US>8</span>λ����λ��</p>
+// </span>控制模式标志集。<span lang=EN-US>9600bps</span>，<span lang=EN-US>8</span>位数据位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>471</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>IXON</span></u> | <u><span style='color:blue'>ISIG</span></u>
 | <u><span style='color:blue'>ICANON</span></u>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ģʽ��־����</p>
+// </span>本地模式标志集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>472</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��·��̣�<span lang=EN-US>0 -- TTY</span>��</p>
+// </span>线路规程，<span lang=EN-US>0 -- TTY</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>473</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>INIT_C_CC</span></u>},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;// </span>�����ַ����顣</p>
+&nbsp;// </span>控制字符数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>474</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>������ʼ�����顣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>所属初始进程组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>475</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>������ʼ�Ự�顣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>所属初始会话组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>476</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼֹͣ��־��</p>
+// </span>初始停止标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>477</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>spty_write</span></u>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��α�ն�д������</p>
+</span>从伪终端写函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>478</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -46764,12 +46764,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>480</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʼ�������жϴ�������ʹ��нӿ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>serial.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>37</span>�У�������ʾϵͳ���е�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后初始化串行中断处理程序和串行接口<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>和<span lang=EN-US>2</span>（<span lang=EN-US>serial.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>37</span>行），并显示系统含有的虚拟</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����̨��<span lang=EN-US>NR_CONSOLES
-</span>��α�ն���<span lang=EN-US>NR_PTYS</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制台数<span lang=EN-US>NR_CONSOLES
+</span>和伪终端数<span lang=EN-US>NR_PTYS</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>481</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -46807,7 +46807,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493447998"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447402"></a><a name="_Toc53320627"><span lang=EN-US>10.6 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>10-6 linux/kernel/chr_drv/tty_ioctl.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>10-6 linux/kernel/chr_drv/tty_ioctl.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -46830,47 +46830,47 @@ linux/kernel/chr_drv/tty_ioctl.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;termios.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ն������������ͷ�ļ�����Ҫ��������첽ͨ�ſڵ��ն˽ӿڡ�</p>
+#include &lt;termios.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>终端输入输出函数头文件。主要定义控制异步通信口的终端接口。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�����������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u> #include
-&lt;linux/tty.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>ͷ�ļ��������й�<span lang=EN-US>tty_io</span>������ͨ�ŷ��������������</p>
+&lt;linux/tty.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>头文件，定义有关<span lang=EN-US>tty_io</span>、串行通信方面参数、常数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // io</span>ͷ�ļ�������Ӳ���˿�����<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>���������䡣</p>
+#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // io</span>头文件。定义硬件端口输入<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>输出宏汇编语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ����������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵȵ�Ƕ��ʽ���ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等的嵌入式汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݽ������<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>ȡ�ý����������ĻỰ�š�������<span lang=EN-US>kernel/exit.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>161</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据进程组号<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>取得进程组所属的会话号。定义在<span lang=EN-US>kernel/exit.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>161</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>session_of_pgrp</span></u>(int pgrp);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʹ��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն˵Ľ����������н��̷����źš�������<span
-lang=EN-US>chr_drv/tty_io.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>246</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>向使用指定<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端的进程组中所有进程发送信号。定义在<span
+lang=EN-US>chr_drv/tty_io.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>246</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_signal</span></u>(int sig, struct <u><span
@@ -46878,11 +46878,11 @@ style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u> *tty);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǲ������������飨���Ϊ�������飩���������벨�������ӵĶ�Ӧ��ϵ�μ��б���˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这是波特率因子数组（或称为除数数组）。波特率与波特率因子的对应关系参见列表后说明。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���粨������<span
-lang=EN-US>2400bps</span>ʱ����Ӧ��������<span lang=EN-US>48</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x30</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>9600bps</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>12</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x1c</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>例如波特率是<span
+lang=EN-US>2400bps</span>时，对应的因子是<span lang=EN-US>48</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0x30</span>）；<span
+lang=EN-US>9600bps</span>的因子是<span lang=EN-US>12</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0x1c</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 static unsigned short <u><span style='color:blue'>quotient</span></u>[] = {</span></p>
@@ -46900,18 +46900,18 @@ static unsigned short <u><span style='color:blue'>quotient</span></u>[] = {</spa
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�޸Ĵ��䲨���ʡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>修改传输波特率。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tty
-- </span>�ն˶�Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>���ݽṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tty
+- </span>终端对应的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>数据结构。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڳ��������־<span
-lang=EN-US>DLAB</span>��λ����£�ͨ���˿�<span lang=EN-US>0x3f8</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x3f9</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>UART</span>�ֱ�д�벨�������ӵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在除数锁存标志<span
+lang=EN-US>DLAB</span>置位情况下，通过端口<span lang=EN-US>0x3f8</span>和<span lang=EN-US>0x3f9</span>向<span
+lang=EN-US>UART</span>分别写入波特率因子低</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ֽں͸��ֽڡ�д����ٸ�λ<span
-lang=EN-US>DLAB</span>λ�����ڴ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���������˿ڷֱ���<span lang=EN-US>0x2f8</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x2f9</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字节和高字节。写完后再复位<span
+lang=EN-US>DLAB</span>位。对于串口<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，这两个端口分别是<span lang=EN-US>0x2f8</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>0x2f9</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>change_speed</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -46924,21 +46924,21 @@ unsigned short port,quot;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ȼ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>tty </span>ָ�����ն��Ƿ��Ǵ����նˣ����������˳������ڴ����ն˵�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数首先检查参数<span
+lang=EN-US>tty </span>指定的终端是否是串行终端，若不是则退出。对于串口终端的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>data </span>�ֶδ���Ŵ��ж˿ڻ�ַ��<span lang=EN-US>0x3f8</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x2f8</span>������һ�����̨�ն˵�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>构，其读缓冲队列<span
+lang=EN-US>data </span>字段存放着串行端口基址（<span lang=EN-US>0x3f8</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>0x2f8</span>），而一般控制台终端的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>�ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>read_q.data</span>�ֶ�ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��Ȼ����ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ�Ŀ���ģʽ��־����ȡ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>结构的<span
+lang=EN-US>read_q.data</span>字段值为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。然后从终端<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构的控制模式标志集中取得已设</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�õĲ����������ţ����ݴ˴Ӳ�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>quotient[]</span>��ȡ�ö�Ӧ�Ĳ���������ֵ<span lang=EN-US>quot</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>置的波特率索引号，并据此从波特率因子数组<span
+lang=EN-US>quotient[]</span>中取得对应的波特率因子值<span lang=EN-US>quot</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CBAUD</span>�ǿ���ģʽ��־���в�����λ�����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CBAUD</span>是控制模式标志集中波特率位屏蔽码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(port = tty-&gt;read_q-&gt;data))</span></p>
@@ -46950,38 +46950,38 @@ return;</span></p>
 quot = <u><span style='color:blue'>quotient</span></u>[tty-&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_cflag &amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>CBAUD</span></u>];</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ŰѲ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>quot</span>д�봮�ж˿ڶ�Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>UART</span>оƬ�Ĳ����������������С���д֮ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着把波特率因子<span
+lang=EN-US>quot</span>写入串行端口对应<span lang=EN-US>UART</span>芯片的波特率因子锁存器中。在写之前我们</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ҫ����·���ƼĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US> LCR </span>�ĳ���������ʱ���λ<span lang=EN-US>DLAB</span>��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ȼ���<span lang=EN-US> 16</span>λ�Ĳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>先要把线路控制寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US> LCR </span>的除数锁存访问比特位<span lang=EN-US>DLAB</span>（位<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>）置<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。然后把<span lang=EN-US> 16</span>位的波特</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ӵ͸��ֽڷֱ�д��˿�<span
-lang=EN-US> 0x3f8</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x3f9 </span>���ֱ��Ӧ���������ӵ͡����ֽ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>率因子低高字节分别写入端口<span
+lang=EN-US> 0x3f8</span>、<span lang=EN-US>0x3f9 </span>（分别对应波特率因子低、高字节锁存器）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ٸ�λ<span lang=EN-US>LCR</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>DLAB</span>��־λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后再复位<span lang=EN-US>LCR</span>的<span
+lang=EN-US>DLAB</span>标志位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>cli</span></u>();</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(0x80,port+3);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* set DLAB */</i></b>&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>�������ó���������־<span lang=EN-US>DLAB</span>��</p>
+<b><i>/* set DLAB */</i></b>&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>首先设置除数锁定标志<span lang=EN-US>DLAB</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(quot &amp;
-0xff,port);&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* LS of divisor */</i></b>&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>������ӵ��ֽڡ�</p>
+0xff,port);&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* LS of divisor */</i></b>&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>输出因子低字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(quot &gt;&gt;
-8,port+1);&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* MS of divisor */</i></b>&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>������Ӹ��ֽڡ�</p>
+8,port+1);&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* MS of divisor */</i></b>&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>输出因子高字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>outb</span></u>(0x03,port+3);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* reset DLAB */</i></b>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>DLAB</span>��</p>
+<b><i>/* reset DLAB */</i></b>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>复位<span
+lang=EN-US>DLAB</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sti</span></u>();</span></p>
@@ -46990,12 +46990,12 @@ lang=EN-US>DLAB</span>��</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ˢ��<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>刷新<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>缓冲队列。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>queue
-- </span>ָ���Ļ������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>queue
+- </span>指定的缓冲队列指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����е�ͷָ�����βָ�룬�Ӷ��ﵽ��ջ�������Ŀ�ġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>令缓冲队列的头指针等于尾指针，从而达到清空缓冲区的目的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>flush</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -47016,7 +47016,7 @@ queue-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>head</span></u> = queue-&gt;tail;</span></
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ȴ��ַ����ͳ�ȥ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>等待字符发送出去。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>wait_until_sent</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -47025,14 +47025,14 @@ style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u> * tty)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* do nothing - not implemented */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ʲô��û��<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>��δʵ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<b><i>/* do nothing - not implemented */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>什么都没做<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>还未实现<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>BREAK</span>���Ʒ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>发送<span lang=EN-US>BREAK</span>控制符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>send_break</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -47041,18 +47041,18 @@ style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u> * tty)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* do nothing - not implemented */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ʲô��û��<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>��δʵ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<b><i>/* do nothing - not implemented */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>什么都没做<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>还未实现<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ȡ�ն�<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ��Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>取终端<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tty
-- </span>ָ���ն˵�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>termios - </span>���<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ���û���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tty
+- </span>指定终端的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>termios - </span>存放<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构的用户缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>get_termios</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -47066,15 +47066,15 @@ int i;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������֤�û�������ָ����ָ�ڴ��������Ƿ��㹻���粻��������ڴ档Ȼ����ָ���ն�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先验证用户缓冲区指针所指内存区容量是否足够，如不够则分配内存。然后复制指定终端</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ��Ϣ���û��������С���󷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构信息到用户缓冲区中。最后返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>,
 sizeof (*<u><span style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>));&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// kernel/fork.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>24</span>�С�</p>
+// kernel/fork.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>24</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for (i=0 ; i&lt; (sizeof (*<u><span style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>)) ;
@@ -47092,12 +47092,12 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ��Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>设置终端<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tty
-- </span>ָ���ն˵�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>termios - </span>�û�������<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tty
+- </span>指定终端的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>termios - </span>用户数据区<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>set_termios</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -47124,26 +47124,26 @@ send a SIGTTOU.&nbsp; If the signal is blocked or</i></b></span></p>
 go ahead and perform the operation.&nbsp; POSIX 7.2) */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>�����ͼ�����ն˵�״̬����ʱ�ն˲���ǰ̨����ô���Ǿ���Ҫ����</p>
+/* </span>如果试图设置终端的状态但此时终端不在前台，那么我们就需要发送</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>һ��<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>�źš�������źű��������λ��ߺ����ˣ���ֱ��ִ��</p>
+</span>一个<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>信号。如果该信号被进程屏蔽或者忽略了，就直接执行</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>���β�����<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; POSIX 7.2&nbsp; */</span></p>
+</span>本次操作。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; POSIX 7.2&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ����ʹ�õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն˵Ľ����������̵Ľ�����Ų�ͬ������ǰ�����ն˲���ǰ̨��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前进程使用的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端的进程组号与进程的进程组号不同，即当前进程终端不在前台，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ��ǰ������ͼ�޸Ĳ��ܿ��Ƶ��ն˵�<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ����˸���<span lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>��׼��Ҫ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>表示当前进程试图修改不受控制的终端的<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构。因此根据<span lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>标准的要求这里需</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ҫ����<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>�ź���ʹ������ն˵Ľ�������ʱִֹͣ�У������������޸�<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>要发送<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>信号让使用这个终端的进程先暂时停止执行，以让我们先修改<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������źź���<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_signal()</span>����ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>ERESTARTSYS</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>EINTR</span>�����һ����ִ�б��β�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果发送信号函数<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_signal()</span>返回值是<span lang=EN-US>ERESTARTSYS</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>EINTR</span>，则等一会再执行本次操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if ((<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;tty == channel)
@@ -47152,8 +47152,8 @@ if ((<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;tty == channel)
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 retsig = <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_signal</span></u>(<u><span
-style='color:blue'>SIGTTOU</span></u>, tty);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // chr_drv/tty_io.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>246</span>�С�</p>
+style='color:blue'>SIGTTOU</span></u>, tty);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // chr_drv/tty_io.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>246</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if (retsig == -<u><span style='color:blue'>ERESTARTSYS</span></u>
@@ -47165,15 +47165,15 @@ return retsig;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ű��û���������<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ��Ϣ���Ƶ�ָ���ն�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ�С���Ϊ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着把用户数据区中<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构信息复制到指定终端<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构的<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构中。因为用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���п������޸����ն˴��пڴ��䲨���ʣ����������ٸ���<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ�еĿ���ģʽ��־</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>户有可能已修改了终端串行口传输波特率，所以这里再根据<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构中的控制模式标志</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // c_cflag</span>�еĲ�������Ϣ�޸Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>UART</span>оƬ�ڵĴ��䲨���ʡ���󷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // c_cflag</span>中的波特率信息修改串行<span
+lang=EN-US>UART</span>芯片内的传输波特率。最后返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for (i=0 ; i&lt; (sizeof (*<u><span style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>)) ;
@@ -47193,11 +47193,11 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>termio</span>�ṹ�е���Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>读取<span lang=EN-US>termio</span>结构中的信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tty
-- </span>ָ���ն˵�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>termio - </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>termio</span>�ṹ��Ϣ���û���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tty
+- </span>指定终端的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>termio - </span>保存<span
+lang=EN-US>termio</span>结构信息的用户缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>get_termio</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -47214,17 +47214,17 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>termio</span></u> tmp_termio;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������֤�û��Ļ�����ָ����ָ�ڴ��������Ƿ��㹻���粻��������ڴ档Ȼ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先验证用户的缓冲区指针所指内存区容量是否足够，如不够则分配内存。然后将<span
 lang=EN-US>termios</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ṹ����Ϣ���Ƶ���ʱ <span
-lang=EN-US>termio </span>�ṹ�С��������ṹ������ͬ�������롢��������ƺͱ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>结构的信息复制到临时 <span
+lang=EN-US>termio </span>结构中。这两个结构基本相同，但输入、输出、控制和本地</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��־���������Ͳ�ͬ��ǰ�ߵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>long</span>�������ߵ���<span lang=EN-US>short</span>������ȸ��Ƶ���ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>termio</span>�ṹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标志集数据类型不同。前者的是<span
+lang=EN-US>long</span>，而后者的是<span lang=EN-US>short</span>。因此先复制到临时<span
+lang=EN-US>termio</span>结构</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ŀ����Ϊ�˽�����������ת����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中目的是为了进行数据类型转换。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>termio</span></u>,
@@ -47252,9 +47252,9 @@ for(i=0 ; i &lt; <u><span style='color:blue'>NCC</span></u> ; i++)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 tmp_termio.c_cc[i] = tty-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_cc[i];</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ֽڵذ���ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>termio</span>�ṹ�е���Ϣ���Ƶ��û�<span lang=EN-US>termio</span>�ṹ�������С�������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后逐字节地把临时<span
+lang=EN-US>termio</span>结构中的信息复制到用户<span lang=EN-US>termio</span>结构缓冲区中。并返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0 ; i&lt;
@@ -47286,21 +47286,21 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>termio</span>���ú����������ڵ��ֽ���ǰ��<span lang=EN-US>386 CPU</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面<span
+lang=EN-US>termio</span>设置函数仅适用于低字节在前的<span lang=EN-US>386 CPU</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>termio</span>�ṹ��Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>设置终端<span
+lang=EN-US>termio</span>结构信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tty
-- </span>ָ���ն˵�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>termio - </span>�û���������<span
-lang=EN-US>termio</span>�ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tty
+- </span>指定终端的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>termio - </span>用户数据区中<span
+lang=EN-US>termio</span>结构。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���û�������<span
-lang=EN-US>termio</span>����Ϣ���Ƶ��ն˵�<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ�С�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0 </span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将用户缓冲区<span
+lang=EN-US>termio</span>的信息复制到终端的<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构中。返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0 </span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>109</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>set_termio</span></u>(struct
@@ -47324,19 +47324,19 @@ style='color:blue'>termio</span></u> tmp_termio;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>set_termios()</span>һ�����������ʹ�õ��ն˵Ľ����������̵Ľ�����Ų�ͬ������ǰ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>与<span lang=EN-US>set_termios()</span>一样，如果进程使用的终端的进程组号与进程的进程组号不同，即当前进</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ն˲���ǰ̨����ʾ��ǰ������ͼ�޸Ĳ��ܿ��Ƶ��ն˵�<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ����˸���<span lang=EN-US>POSIX</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程终端不在前台，表示当前进程试图修改不受控制的终端的<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构。因此根据<span lang=EN-US>POSIX</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��׼��Ҫ��������Ҫ����<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>�ź���ʹ������ն˵Ľ�������ʱִֹͣ�У�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标准的要求这里需要发送<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>信号让使用这个终端的进程先暂时停止执行，以让我们先</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�޸�<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ����������źź���<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_signal()</span>����ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>ERESTARTSYS</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>EINTR</span>�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>修改<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构。如果发送信号函数<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_signal()</span>返回值是<span lang=EN-US>ERESTARTSYS</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>EINTR</span>，则等</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ����ִ�б��β�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一会再执行本次操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>115</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((<u><span
@@ -47360,18 +47360,18 @@ return retsig;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ÿ����û���������<span
-lang=EN-US>termio</span>�ṹ��Ϣ����ʱ<span lang=EN-US>termio</span>�ṹ�С�Ȼ���ٽ�<span
-lang=EN-US>termio</span>�ṹ����Ϣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着复制用户数据区中<span
+lang=EN-US>termio</span>结构信息到临时<span lang=EN-US>termio</span>结构中。然后再将<span
+lang=EN-US>termio</span>结构的信息</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>��
-<span lang=EN-US>termios </span>�ṹ�С���������Ŀ����Ϊ�˶�����ģʽ��־�������ͽ���ת������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复制到<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>的
+<span lang=EN-US>termios </span>结构中。这样做的目的是为了对其中模式标志集的类型进行转换，即</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�� <span lang=EN-US>termio</span>�Ķ���������ת����<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ĳ��������͡������ֽṹ��<span lang=EN-US>c_line</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>c_cc[]</span>�ֶ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从 <span lang=EN-US>termio</span>的短整数类型转换成<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>的长整数类型。但两种结构的<span lang=EN-US>c_line</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>c_cc[]</span>字段</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȫ��ͬ�ġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是完全相同的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>120</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0 ; i&lt;
@@ -47415,11 +47415,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 tty-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_cc[i] =
 tmp_termio.c_cc[i];</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ϊ�û��п������޸����ն˴��пڴ��䲨���ʣ����������ٸ���<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ�еĿ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后因为用户有可能已修改了终端串行口传输波特率，所以这里再根据<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构中的控制</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ģʽ��־<span lang=EN-US>c_cflag</span>�еĲ�������Ϣ�޸Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>UART</span>оƬ�ڵĴ��䲨���ʣ�������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>模式标志<span lang=EN-US>c_cflag</span>中的波特率信息修改串行<span
+lang=EN-US>UART</span>芯片内的传输波特率，并返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>129</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -47434,15 +47434,15 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>132</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// tty</span>�ն��豸����������ƺ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// tty</span>终端设备输入输出控制函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>dev
-- </span>�豸�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>cmd - ioctl</span>���<span lang=EN-US>arg - </span>��������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>dev
+- </span>设备号；<span lang=EN-US>cmd - ioctl</span>命令；<span lang=EN-US>arg - </span>操作参数指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������ȸ��ݲ����������豸���ҳ���Ӧ�ն˵�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ��Ȼ����ݿ�������<span lang=EN-US>cmd</span>�ֱ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先根据参数给出的设备号找出对应终端的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构，然后根据控制命令<span lang=EN-US>cmd</span>分别进行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_ioctl</span></u>(int dev, int
@@ -47462,21 +47462,21 @@ int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pgrp;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ����豸��ȡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>���豸�ţ��Ӷ�ȡ���ն˵�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ�������豸����<span
-lang=EN-US>5</span>�������նˣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先根据设备号取得<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>子设备号，从而取得终端的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构。若主设备号是<span
+lang=EN-US>5</span>（控制终端），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����̵�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ֶμ���<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>���豸�š���ʱ������̵�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>���豸���Ǹ����������ý���û��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则进程的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>字段即是<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>子设备号。此时如果进程的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>子设备号是负数，表明该进程没有</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����նˣ������ܷ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>ioctl</span>���ã�������ʾ������Ϣ��ͣ����������豸�Ų���<span lang=EN-US>5</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制终端，即不能发出该<span
+lang=EN-US>ioctl</span>调用，于是显示出错信息并停机。如果主设备号不是<span lang=EN-US>5</span>而是<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǾͿ��Դ��豸����ȡ�����豸�š����豸�ſ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������̨�նˣ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�նˣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>我们就可以从设备号中取出子设备号。子设备号可以是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>（控制台终端）、<span lang=EN-US>1</span>（串口<span lang=EN-US>1</span>终端）、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 2</span>������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�նˣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 2</span>（串口<span lang=EN-US>2</span>终端）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -47502,38 +47502,38 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } else</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 dev=<u><span style='color:blue'>MINOR</span></u>(dev);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��������豸�ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�������ǿ�ȡ�ö�Ӧ�ն˵�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>ָ���Ӧ���豸</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后根据子设备号和<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>表，我们可取得对应终端的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构。于是让<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>指向对应子设备</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ŵ�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ��Ȼ���ٸ��ݲ����ṩ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ioctl</span>����<span lang=EN-US>cmd</span>���зֱ�����<span lang=EN-US>144</span>�к�벿������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构。然后再根据参数提供的<span
+lang=EN-US>ioctl</span>命令<span lang=EN-US>cmd</span>进行分别处理。<span lang=EN-US>144</span>行后半部分用于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>��<span lang=EN-US>tty_table[]</span>����ѡ���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ�����<span lang=EN-US>dev = 0</span>����ʾ����ʹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据子设备号<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>在<span lang=EN-US>tty_table[]</span>表中选择对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构。如果<span lang=EN-US>dev = 0</span>，表示正在使用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ǰ̨�նˣ����ֱ��ʹ���ն˺�<span
-lang=EN-US>fg_console </span>��Ϊ <span lang=EN-US>tty_table[] </span>������ȡ <span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>前台终端，因此直接使用终端号<span
+lang=EN-US>fg_console </span>作为 <span lang=EN-US>tty_table[] </span>项索引取 <span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构。如果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // dev</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ô��Ҫ������������ǣ���
-<span lang=EN-US>dev </span>�������ն˺ţ��� <span lang=EN-US>dev </span>�Ǵ����ն˺Ż���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // dev</span>大于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，那么就要分两种情况考虑：①
+<span lang=EN-US>dev </span>是虚拟终端号；② <span lang=EN-US>dev </span>是串行终端号或者</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>α�ն˺š����������ն���<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ�� <span lang=EN-US>tty_table[]</span>���������� <span
-lang=EN-US>dev-1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0 -- 63</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>伪终端号。对于虚拟终端其<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构在 <span lang=EN-US>tty_table[]</span>中索引项是 <span
+lang=EN-US>dev-1</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0 -- 63</span>）。对于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������նˣ������ǵ� <span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ��������� <span lang=EN-US>dev</span>�����磬���<span lang=EN-US>dev
-= 64</span>����ʾ��һ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其它类型终端，则它们的 <span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构索引项就是 <span lang=EN-US>dev</span>。例如，如果<span lang=EN-US>dev
+= 64</span>，表示是一个串</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ն�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>tty </span>�ṹ���� <span lang=EN-US>ttb_table[dev]</span>�� ���<span
-lang=EN-US>dev = 1</span>�����Ӧ�ն˵�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>行终端<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，则其<span
+lang=EN-US>tty </span>结构就是 <span lang=EN-US>ttb_table[dev]</span>。 如果<span
+lang=EN-US>dev = 1</span>，则对应终端的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty_table[0]</span>���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>70 -- 73</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty_table[0]</span>。参见<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>程序第<span lang=EN-US>70 -- 73</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>144</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; tty = <u><span
@@ -47543,8 +47543,8 @@ style='color:blue'>fg_console</span></u>);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>145</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; switch (cmd) {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��Ӧ�ն�<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ��Ϣ����ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>arg</span>���û�������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取相应终端<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构信息。此时参数<span
+lang=EN-US>arg</span>是用户缓冲区指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>146</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47555,10 +47555,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 return <u><span style='color:blue'>get_termios</span></u>(tty,(struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>termios</span></u> *) arg);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ��Ϣ֮ǰ����Ҫ�ȵȴ�����������������ݴ�����ϣ�����ˢ�£���գ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在设置<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构信息之前，需要先等待输出队列中所有数据处理完毕，并且刷新（清空）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������С��ٽ���ִ�����������ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ�Ĳ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入队列。再接着执行下面设置终端<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构的操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47567,11 +47567,11 @@ case <u><span style='color:blue'>TCSETSF</span></u>:</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>flush</span></u>(tty-&gt;read_q); <b><i>/*
-fallthrough */</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>���ż���ִ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+fallthrough */</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>接着继续执行<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ն�<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>����Ϣ֮ǰ����Ҫ�ȵȴ�����������������ݴ����꣨�ľ����������޸�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在设置终端<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>的信息之前，需要先等待输出队列中所有数据处理完（耗尽）。对于修改</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ӱ����������������Ҫʹ��������ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数会影响输出的情况，就需要使用这种形式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47582,9 +47582,9 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>wait_until_sent</span></u>(tty); <b><i>/*
 fallthrough */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ӧ�ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ��Ϣ����ʱ����<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>�Ǳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ���û�������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置相应终端<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构信息。此时参数<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>是保存<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构的用户缓冲区指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47595,8 +47595,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 return <u><span style='color:blue'>set_termios</span></u>(tty,(struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>termios</span></u> *) arg, dev);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��Ӧ�ն�<span lang=EN-US>termio</span>�ṹ�е���Ϣ����ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>arg</span>���û�������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取相应终端<span lang=EN-US>termio</span>结构中的信息。此时参数<span
+lang=EN-US>arg</span>是用户缓冲区指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47607,11 +47607,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 return <u><span style='color:blue'>get_termio</span></u>(tty,(struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>termio</span></u> *) arg);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>termio
-</span>�ṹ��Ϣ֮ǰ����Ҫ�ȵȴ�����������������ݴ�����ϣ�����ˢ�£���գ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在设置<span lang=EN-US>termio
+</span>结构信息之前，需要先等待输出队列中所有数据处理完毕，并且刷新（清空）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������С��ٽ���ִ�����������ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>termio </span>�ṹ�Ĳ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入队列。再接着执行下面设置终端<span
+lang=EN-US>termio </span>结构的操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47620,11 +47620,11 @@ case <u><span style='color:blue'>TCSETAF</span></u>:</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>flush</span></u>(tty-&gt;read_q); <b><i>/*
-fallthrough */</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>���ż���ִ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+fallthrough */</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>接着继续执行<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ն�<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>����Ϣ֮ǰ����Ҫ�ȵȴ�����������������ݴ����꣨�ľ����������޸�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在设置终端<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>的信息之前，需要先等待输出队列中所有数据处理完（耗尽）。对于修改</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ӱ����������������Ҫʹ��������ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数会影响输出的情况，就需要使用这种形式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47635,9 +47635,9 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>wait_until_sent</span></u>(tty); <b><i>/*
 fallthrough */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ӧ�ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>termio</span>�ṹ��Ϣ����ʱ����<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>�Ǳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>termio</span>�ṹ���û�������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置相应终端<span
+lang=EN-US>termio</span>结构信息。此时参数<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>是保存<span
+lang=EN-US>termio</span>结构的用户缓冲区指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47648,8 +47648,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 return <u><span style='color:blue'>set_termio</span></u>(tty,(struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>termio</span></u> *) arg, dev);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ȴ�������д�����ϣ��գ���������һ��<span lang=EN-US>break</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果参数<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>值是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则等待输出队列处理完毕（空），并发送一个<span lang=EN-US>break</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47675,17 +47675,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ<span lang=EN-US>/</span>ֹͣ�����ơ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>arg</span>��<span lang=EN-US>TCOOFF</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Terminal
-Control Output OFF</span>��������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>开始<span lang=EN-US>/</span>停止流控制。如果参数<span
+lang=EN-US>arg</span>是<span lang=EN-US>TCOOFF</span>（<span lang=EN-US>Terminal
+Control Output OFF</span>），则挂起输出；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����� <span lang=EN-US>TCOON</span>����ָ������������ڹ����ָ����ͬʱ��Ҫ��д�����е��ַ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果是 <span lang=EN-US>TCOON</span>，则恢复挂起的输出。在挂起或恢复输出同时需要把写队列中的字符输出，以</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ӿ��û�������Ӧ�ٶȡ����<span
-lang=EN-US>arg</span>��<span lang=EN-US>TCIOFF</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Terminal
-Control Input ON</span>������������룻</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>加快用户交互响应速度。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>arg</span>是<span lang=EN-US>TCIOFF</span>（<span lang=EN-US>Terminal
+Control Input ON</span>），则挂起输入；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>TCION</span>�������¿�����������롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果是<span lang=EN-US>TCION</span>，则重新开启挂起的输入。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47701,12 +47701,12 @@ case <u><span style='color:blue'>TCOOFF</span></u>:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-tty-&gt;stopped = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֹͣ�ն������</p>
+tty-&gt;stopped = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>停止终端输出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>172</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tty-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>write</span></u>(tty);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>д������������</p>
+// </span>写缓冲队列输出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>173</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47718,7 +47718,7 @@ case <u><span style='color:blue'>TCOON</span></u>:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-tty-&gt;stopped = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ָ��ն������</p>
+tty-&gt;stopped = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>恢复终端输出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47728,26 +47728,26 @@ tty-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>write</span></u>(tty);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return
 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>TCIOFF</span>����ʾҪ���ն�ֹͣ���룬�����������ն�д�����з���<span lang=EN-US>STOP</span>�ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果参数<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>TCIOFF</span>，表示要求终端停止输入，于是我们往终端写队列中放入<span lang=EN-US>STOP</span>字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ն��յ����ַ�ʱ�ͻ���ͣ���롣���������<span
-lang=EN-US>TCION</span>����ʾҪ����һ��<span lang=EN-US>START</span>�ַ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当终端收到该字符时就会暂停输入。如果参数是<span
+lang=EN-US>TCION</span>，表示要发送一个<span lang=EN-US>START</span>字符，让终</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�˻ָ����䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>端恢复传输。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // STOP_CHAR(tty)</span>����Ϊ <span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // STOP_CHAR(tty)</span>定义为 <span
 lang=EN-US>((tty)-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_cc[<u><span
-style='color:blue'>VSTOP</span></u>])</span>����ȡ�ն�<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ�����ַ���</p>
+style='color:blue'>VSTOP</span></u>])</span>，即取终端<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构控制字符数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ӧ��ֵ�����ں˶�����<span
-lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>��<span lang=EN-US>\0</span>������ô��ĳһ��ֵ����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>组对应项值。若内核定义了<span
+lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>（<span lang=EN-US>\0</span>），那么当某一项值等于<span
 lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֵʱ����ʾ��ֹʹ����Ӧ�������ַ����������ֱ���жϸ�ֵ�Ƿ�Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0 </span>��ȷ��Ҫ��Ҫ��ͣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的值时，表示禁止使用相应的特殊字符。因此这里直接判断该值是否为<span
+lang=EN-US>0 </span>来确定要不要把停</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֹ�����ַ������ն�д�����С�����ͬ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>止控制字符放入终端写队列中。以下同。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>178</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47790,11 +47790,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>; <b><i>/* not implemented
 */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ˢ����д�������û�з��͡������յ���û�ж������ݡ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>arg</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ˢ�£���գ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>刷新已写输出但还没有发送、或已收但还没有读的数据。如果参数<span
+lang=EN-US>arg</span>是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则刷新（清空）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������У������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����ˢ��������У������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����ˢ�������������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入队列；如果是<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，则刷新输出队列；如果是<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，则刷新输入和输出队列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47840,7 +47840,7 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ն˴�����·ר��ģʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置终端串行线路专用模式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>199</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47849,9 +47849,9 @@ case <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCEXCL</span></u>:</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>200</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>; <b><i>/* not implemented
-*/</i></b>&nbsp; &nbsp;/* </span>δʵ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+*/</i></b>&nbsp; &nbsp;/* </span>未实现<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ�ն˴�����·ר��ģʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复位终端串行线路专用模式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>201</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47862,8 +47862,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>; <b><i>/* not implemented
 */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>Ϊ�����նˡ���<span
-lang=EN-US>TIOCNOTTY - </span>��Ҫ�����նˣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>为控制终端。（<span
+lang=EN-US>TIOCNOTTY - </span>不要控制终端）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>203</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47872,18 +47872,18 @@ case <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCSCTTY</span></u>:</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>; <b><i>/* set controlling
-term NI */</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>δʵ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+term NI */</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>未实现<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ�ն˽�����ţ�����ȡǰ̨������ţ��� ������֤�û����������ȣ�Ȼ�����ն�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取终端进程组号（即读取前台进程组号）。 首先验证用户缓冲区长度，然后复制终端<span
 lang=EN-US>tty</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>�ֶε��û�����������ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>arg</span>���û�������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的<span lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>字段到用户缓冲区。此时参数<span
+lang=EN-US>arg</span>是用户缓冲区指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case
 <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCGPGRP</span></u>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ʵ�ֿ⺯��<span lang=EN-US>tcgetpgrp()</span>��</p>
+// </span>实现库函数<span lang=EN-US>tcgetpgrp()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>206</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47898,21 +47898,21 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ն˽������<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>��������ǰ̨������ţ��� ��ʱ����<span lang=EN-US>arg </span>���û��������н������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置终端进程组号<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>（即设置前台进程组号）。 此时参数<span lang=EN-US>arg </span>是用户缓冲区中进程组号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pgrp </span>��ָ�롣ִ�и������ǰ�������ǽ��̱����п����նˡ�
-�����ǰ����û�п����նˣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pgrp </span>的指针。执行该命令的前提条件是进程必须有控制终端。
+如果当前进程没有控制终端，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>dev
-</span>����������նˣ����߿����ն����ڵ�ȷ�����ڴ������ն�<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>�������̵ĻỰ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>或者<span lang=EN-US>dev
+</span>不是其控制终端，或者控制终端现在的确是正在处理的终端<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>，但进程的会话号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ն�<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>�ĻỰ�Ų�ͬ���򷵻����ն˴�����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>与该终端<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>的会话号不同，则返回无终端错误信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>209</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCSPGRP</span></u>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ʵ�ֿ⺯��<span lang=EN-US>tcsetpgrp()</span>��</p>
+// </span>实现库函数<span lang=EN-US>tcsetpgrp()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>210</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if
@@ -47930,13 +47930,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOTTY</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����Ǿʹ��û���������ȡ�������õĽ�����ţ����Ը���ŵ���Ч�Խ�����֤�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后我们就从用户缓冲区中取得欲设置的进程组号，并对该组号的有效性进行验证。如果组</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>С��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���򷵻���Ч��Ŵ�����Ϣ�����<span lang=EN-US> pgrp</span>�ĻỰ���뵱ǰ���̵Ĳ�ͬ���򷵻�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号<span lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>小于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则返回无效组号错误信息；如果<span lang=EN-US> pgrp</span>的会话号与当前进程的不同，则返回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ɴ�����Ϣ���������ǿ��������ն˵Ľ������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>prgp</span>����ʱ<span lang=EN-US>prgp</span>��Ϊǰ̨�����顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>许可错误信息。否则我们可以设中终端的进程组号为<span
+lang=EN-US>prgp</span>。此时<span lang=EN-US>prgp</span>成为前台进程组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>214</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47970,9 +47970,9 @@ pgrp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������л�δ�ͳ����ַ�����������֤�û����������ȣ�Ȼ���ƶ������ַ������û���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回输出队列中还未送出的字符数。首先验证用户缓冲区长度，然后复制队列中字符数给用户。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ����<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>���û�������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时参数<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>是用户缓冲区指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>221</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -47991,9 +47991,9 @@ long *) arg);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return
 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������л�δ��ȡ���ַ�����������֤�û����������ȣ�Ȼ���ƶ������ַ������û���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回输入队列中还未读取的字符数。首先验证用户缓冲区长度，然后复制队列中字符数给用户。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ����<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>���û�������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时参数<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>是用户缓冲区指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>225</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48015,9 +48015,9 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ģ���ն������������������һ��ָ���ַ���ָ����Ϊ��������������ַ������ն��ϼ���ġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>模拟终端输入操作。该命令以一个指向字符的指针作为参数，并假设该字符是在终端上键入的。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�û������ڸÿ����ն��Ͼ��г����û�Ȩ�޻���ж�����Ȩ�ޡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用户必须在该控制终端上具有超级用户权限或具有读许可权限。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>230</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48026,10 +48026,10 @@ case <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCSTI</span></u>:</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>231</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>; <b><i>/* not implemented
-*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>δʵ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>未实现<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ�ն��豸���ڴ�С��Ϣ���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>termios.h</span>�е�<span lang=EN-US>winsize</span>�ṹ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取终端设备窗口大小信息（参见<span
+lang=EN-US>termios.h</span>中的<span lang=EN-US>winsize</span>结构）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>232</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48040,8 +48040,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>; <b><i>/* not implemented
 */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ն��豸���ڴ�С��Ϣ���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>winsize</span>�ṹ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置终端设备窗口大小信息（参见<span
+lang=EN-US>winsize</span>结构）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>234</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48052,8 +48052,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>; <b><i>/* not implemented
 */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>MODEM</span>״̬�������ߵĵ�ǰ״̬����λ��־�����μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>termios.h</span>��<span lang=EN-US>185 -- 196</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回<span lang=EN-US>MODEM</span>状态控制引线的当前状态比特位标志集（参见<span
+lang=EN-US>termios.h</span>中<span lang=EN-US>185 -- 196</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>236</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48064,8 +48064,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>; <b><i>/* not implemented
 */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���õ���<span lang=EN-US>modem</span>״̬�������ߵ�״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>true</span>��<span lang=EN-US>false</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置单个<span lang=EN-US>modem</span>状态控制引线的状态（<span
+lang=EN-US>true</span>或<span lang=EN-US>false</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>238</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48076,7 +48076,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>; <b><i>/* not implemented
 */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ����<span lang=EN-US>MODEM</span>״̬�������ߵ�״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复位单个<span lang=EN-US>MODEM</span>状态控制引线的状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>240</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48087,8 +48087,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>; <b><i>/* not implemented
 */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>MODEM</span>״̬���ߵ�״̬�����ĳһ����λ��λ����<span
-lang=EN-US>modem</span>��Ӧ��״̬���߽���Ϊ��Ч��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置<span lang=EN-US>MODEM</span>状态引线的状态。如果某一比特位置位，则<span
+lang=EN-US>modem</span>对应的状态引线将置为有效。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>242</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48099,8 +48099,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>; <b><i>/* not implemented
 */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ�����ز�����־��<span
-lang=EN-US>1 - </span>������<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>�رգ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取软件载波检测标志（<span
+lang=EN-US>1 - </span>开启；<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>关闭）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>244</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48111,8 +48111,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>; <b><i>/* not implemented
 */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ز�����־��<span
-lang=EN-US>1 - </span>������<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>�رգ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置软件载波检测标志（<span
+lang=EN-US>1 - </span>开启；<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>关闭）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>246</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48154,12 +48154,12 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<h1><a name="_Toc493447999"></a><a name="_Toc493447403"><span lang=EN-US>��11�� </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Э�������������</span></a></h1>
+<h1><a name="_Toc493447999"></a><a name="_Toc493447403"><span lang=EN-US>第11章 </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>协处理器仿真程序</span></a></h1>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448000"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447404"></a><a name="_Toc53320632"><span lang=EN-US>11.1 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>11-1 linux/kernel/math/math_emulate.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>11-1 linux/kernel/math/math_emulate.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -48221,36 +48221,36 @@ test every possible combination.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���淶Χ���޵ĳ��� <span
-lang=EN-US>91.12.27 - </span>���������һЩ����<span lang=EN-US>/</span>�洢ָ�������ʹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>仿真范围有限的程序 <span
+lang=EN-US>91.12.27 - </span>绝大多数是一些加载<span lang=EN-US>/</span>存储指令。除非你使用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>Bruce Evans</span>�Ĳ������򣬷���ʹʹ������ִ�и������㣬<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>Ҳ��Ҫ��Щ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>了<span
+lang=EN-US>Bruce Evans</span>的补丁程序，否则即使使用软件执行浮点运算，<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>也需要这些</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ָ�<span
-lang=EN-US>Bruce</span>�Ĳ�������ǳ��ã���ÿ�θ���<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>�汾�㶼���������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>指令。<span
+lang=EN-US>Bruce</span>的补丁程序非常好，但每次更换<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>版本你都得用这个补丁程序。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���Ҷ�����������ʵ�ֺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>80387</span>����ʹ�õĿ��ǲ�ͬ�ġ����ʹ�÷����Ǹ�Ϊʵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>而且对于软件浮点实现和<span
+lang=EN-US>80387</span>，所使用的库是不同的。因此使用仿真是更为实</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ʵķ��������ܷ��淽��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>际的方法，尽管仿真方法更慢。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 91.12.28 - </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�洢Э������ָ��������ˣ���ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>���Ҳ��ʹ�á��ҽ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 91.12.28 - </span>加载<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>存储协处理器指令可以用了，即使是<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>码的也能使用。我将</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ʼ����ʵ��<span
-lang=EN-US> add/sub/mul/div </span>ָ�������Ӧ����һЩ�õ����ϣ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>开始考虑实现<span
+lang=EN-US> add/sub/mul/div </span>指令。唉，我应该找一些好的资料，不过现在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�һ��ȷ���һЩ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>我会先仿造一些操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 91.12.30 -
-add/sub/mul/div/com </span>��Щָ���������������ʹ���ˡ�����Ӧ</p>
+add/sub/mul/div/com </span>这些指令好像大多数都可以使用了。我真应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ò���ÿ��ָ����ܵ���ϲ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该测试每种指令可能的组合操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -48285,29 +48285,29 @@ hide most of the 387-specific things here.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��������е�������Щ��Ť�ĺ꣺����֮һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>gcc</span>���ǲ���ѽṹ��������Ӧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>这个程序中到处都是些别扭的宏：问题之一是<span
+lang=EN-US>gcc</span>就是不想把结构建立成其应该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Ϊ�����ӣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>gcc </span>��ͼ�Խṹ���ж��봦�����������ᣬ�����������Ѿ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>成为的样子：<span
+lang=EN-US>gcc </span>企图对结构进行对齐处理。真是讨厌，不过我起码已经把所有</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ŵĴ��붼��������ôһ���ļ����ˣ����������ļ�����Ҫ�˽���Щ��Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>蹩脚的代码都隐藏在这么一个文件中了：其他程序文件不需要了解这些信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����ĳ���Ҳ����Ҫ֪��<span
-lang=EN-US>ST(x)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>80387</span>�ڲ��ṹ<span lang=EN-US> - </span>����ֻ��Ҫ�õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>80</span>λ��ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>其他的程序也不需要知道<span
+lang=EN-US>ST(x)</span>等<span lang=EN-US>80387</span>内部结构<span lang=EN-US> - </span>它们只需要得到<span
+lang=EN-US>80</span>位临时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ʵ���ĵ�ַ�Ϳ���������������뾡������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>387</span>ר����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>实数的地址就可以随意操作。我想尽可能在这里隐藏所有<span
+lang=EN-US>387</span>专有信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
-#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ź�ͷ�ļ��������źŷ��ţ��źŽṹ���źŲ�������ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号头文件。定义信号符号，信号结构及信号操作函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -48315,13 +48315,13 @@ lang=EN-US>387</span>ר����Ϣ��</p>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__ALIGNED_TEMP_REAL</span></u> 1</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/math_emu.h&gt; // </span>Э������ͷ�ļ���������ʱʵ���ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>387</span>�Ĵ���������ȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/math_emu.h&gt; // </span>协处理器头文件。定义临时实数结构和<span lang=EN-US>387</span>寄存器操作宏等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -48329,18 +48329,18 @@ lang=EN-US>387</span>ר����Ϣ��</p>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>bswapw</span></u>(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>x</span></u>) __asm__(<i>&quot;xchgb %%al,%%ah&quot;</i>:<i>&quot;=a&quot;</i>
 (<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>):<i>&quot;&quot;</i> ((short)<u><span
-style='color:blue'>x</span></u>)) // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽ�λ�á�</p>
+style='color:blue'>x</span></u>)) // </span>交换<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字节位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>)
 (*<u><span style='color:blue'>__st</span></u>((<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>)))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ�����<span lang=EN-US>ST(x)</span>�ۼ���ֵ��</p>
+// </span>取仿真的<span lang=EN-US>ST(x)</span>累加器值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PST</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>)
 ((const <u><span style='color:blue'>temp_real</span></u> *) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>__st</span></u>((<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>)))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ�����<span lang=EN-US>ST(x)</span>�ۼ�����ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>取仿真的<span lang=EN-US>ST(x)</span>累加器的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -48353,12 +48353,12 @@ We don't want these inlined - it gets too messy in the machine-code.</i></b></sp
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ǲ�������Щ��ΪǶ������<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>��Ϊ���ʹ�õ��Ļ�����̫���ҡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>我们不想让这些成为嵌入的语句<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>因为这会使得到的机器码太混乱。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */ </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Щ����ͬ���Ƹ���ָ��ķ��溯����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下这些是相同名称浮点指令的仿真函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>fpop</span></u>(void);</span></p>
@@ -48377,22 +48377,22 @@ style='color:blue'>__st</span></u>(int i);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�и���ָ����档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行浮点指令仿真。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������ȼ������<span
-lang=EN-US>I387</span>�ṹ״̬�ּĴ������Ƿ���δ���ε��쳣��־��λ���������״</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先检测仿真的<span
+lang=EN-US>I387</span>结构状态字寄存器中是否有未屏蔽的异常标志置位。若有则对状</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>̬����æ��־<span
-lang=EN-US>B</span>�������á�Ȼ���ָ��ָ�뱣����������ȡ������ָ��<span lang=EN-US> EIP </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US> 2</span>�ֽڸ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>态字中忙标志<span
+lang=EN-US>B</span>进行设置。然后把指令指针保存起来，并取出代码指针<span lang=EN-US> EIP </span>处的<span
+lang=EN-US> 2</span>字节浮点</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ����� <span lang=EN-US>code</span>�����ŷ�������<span
-lang=EN-US> code</span>���������京����д�������Բ�ͬ��������ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>Linus</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指令代码 <span lang=EN-US>code</span>。接着分析代码<span
+lang=EN-US> code</span>，并根据其含义进行处理。针对不同代码类型值，<span lang=EN-US>Linus</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʹ���˼�����ͬ��<span
-lang=EN-US> switch </span>�������з��洦����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>使用了几个不同的<span
+lang=EN-US> switch </span>程序块进行仿真处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>info</span>�ṹ��ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数是<span lang=EN-US>info</span>结构的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>do_emu</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -48411,19 +48411,19 @@ char * address;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������ȼ������<span
-lang=EN-US>I387</span>�ṹ״̬�ּĴ������Ƿ���δ���ε��쳣��־��λ�����о�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先检测仿真的<span
+lang=EN-US>I387</span>结构状态字寄存器中是否有未屏蔽的异常标志置位。若有就设置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>״̬���е�æ��־<span
-lang=EN-US> B</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>15</span>��������λ<span lang=EN-US> B</span>��־��Ȼ�����ǰ�ָ��ָ�뱣���������ٿ���ִ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>状态字中的忙标志<span
+lang=EN-US> B</span>（位<span lang=EN-US>15</span>），否则复位<span lang=EN-US> B</span>标志。然后我们把指令指针保存起来。再看看执</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�б������Ĵ����Ƿ����û����롣������ǣ��������ߵĴ����ѡ���������
-<span lang=EN-US>0x0f</span>����˵��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>行本函数的代码是否是用户代码。如果不是，即调用者的代码段选择符不等于
+<span lang=EN-US>0x0f</span>，则说明</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں����д���ʹ���˸���ָ���������ʾ������ָ�����
-<span lang=EN-US>CS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>EIP </span>ֵ����Ϣ���ں�����Ҫ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核中有代码使用了浮点指令。于是在显示出浮点指令出的
+<span lang=EN-US>CS</span>、<span lang=EN-US>EIP </span>值和信息“内核中需要</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ѧ����<span lang=EN-US>��</span>��ͣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数学仿真<span lang=EN-US>”</span>后停机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>I387</span></u>.cwd &amp; <u><span
@@ -48433,7 +48433,7 @@ style='color:blue'>I387</span></u>.<u><span style='color:blue'>swd</span></u>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>I387</span></u>.<u><span style='color:blue'>swd</span></u>
 |= 0x8000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����æ��־<span lang=EN-US>B</span>��</p>
+// </span>设置忙标志<span lang=EN-US>B</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 else</span></p>
@@ -48441,18 +48441,18 @@ else</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>I387</span></u>.<u><span style='color:blue'>swd</span></u>
 &amp;= 0x7fff;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��æ��־<span lang=EN-US>B</span>��</p>
+// </span>清忙标志<span lang=EN-US>B</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>ORIG_EIP</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>EIP</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���渡��ָ��ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>保存浮点指令指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u> <b><i>/*
 0x0007 means user code space */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>CS</span></u> != 0x000F) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����û�������ͣ����</p>
+// </span>不是用户代码则停机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>printk</span></u>(<i>&quot;math_emulate:
@@ -48466,79 +48466,79 @@ kernel&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ������ȡ������ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US> EIP </span>����<span lang=EN-US> 2</span>�ֽڸ���ָ����� <span lang=EN-US>code</span>��
-����<span lang=EN-US>Intel CPU</span>�洢����ʱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后我们取出代码指针<span
+lang=EN-US> EIP </span>处的<span lang=EN-US> 2</span>字节浮点指令代码 <span lang=EN-US>code</span>。
+由于<span lang=EN-US>Intel CPU</span>存储数据时是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Сͷ����<span lang=EN-US>Little
-endien</span>����ǰ�ģ���ʱȡ���Ĵ���������ָ��ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽ�˳��ߵ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>“小头”（<span lang=EN-US>Little
+endien</span>）在前的，此时取出的代码正好与指令的第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>、第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字节顺序颠倒。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������Ҫ����һ�� <span
-lang=EN-US>code </span>�������ֽڵ�˳��Ȼ�������ε���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������ֽ��е�<span
-lang=EN-US> ESC </span>λ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因此我们需要交换一下 <span
+lang=EN-US>code </span>中两个字节的顺序。然后再屏蔽掉第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个代码字节中的<span
+lang=EN-US> ESC </span>位</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>11011</span>�������ŰѸ���ָ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>EIP</span>���浽<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>i387</span>�ṹ�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>fip</span>�ֶ��У���<span lang=EN-US>CS</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（二进制<span lang=EN-US>11011</span>）。接着把浮点指令指针<span
+lang=EN-US>EIP</span>保存到<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>段<span lang=EN-US>i387</span>结构中的<span
+lang=EN-US>fip</span>字段中，而<span lang=EN-US>CS</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���浽 <span lang=EN-US>fcs</span>�ֶ��У�ͬʱ����΢�������ĸ���ָ�����
-<span lang=EN-US>code </span>�ŵ� <span lang=EN-US>fcs </span>�ֶεĸ�<span
-lang=EN-US> 16 </span>λ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>保存到 <span lang=EN-US>fcs</span>字段中，同时把略微处理过的浮点指令代码
+<span lang=EN-US>code </span>放到 <span lang=EN-US>fcs </span>字段的高<span
+lang=EN-US> 16 </span>位中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>������Щֵ��Ϊ���ڳ��ַ���Ĵ������쳣ʱ���������ʹ����ʵ��Э������һ�����д�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>保存这些值是为了在出现仿真的处理器异常时程序可以像使用真实的协处理器一样进行处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>EIP</span>ָ�����ĸ���ָ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后让<span lang=EN-US>EIP</span>指向随后的浮点指令或操作数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 code = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_word</span></u>((unsigned short *) <u><span
-style='color:blue'>EIP</span></u>);&nbsp; // </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽڵĸ���ָ����롣</p>
+style='color:blue'>EIP</span></u>);&nbsp; // </span>取<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字节的浮点指令代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>bswapw</span></u>(code);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ߵ��ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>交换高低字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 code &amp;= 0x7ff;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>���δ����е�<span lang=EN-US>ESC</span>�롣</p>
+</span>屏蔽代码中的<span lang=EN-US>ESC</span>码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>I387</span></u>.fip = <u><span style='color:blue'>EIP</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ָ��ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>保存指令指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *(unsigned short *) &amp;<u><span style='color:blue'>I387</span></u>.fcs = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>CS</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������ѡ�����</p>
+// </span>保存代码段选择符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *(1+(unsigned short *) &amp;<u><span style='color:blue'>I387</span></u>.fcs) =
-code;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������롣</p>
+code;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>保存代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>EIP</span></u> += 2;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ָ��ָ��ָ����һ���ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>指令指针指向下一个字节。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���������ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>code</span>���������京����д�������Բ�ͬ��������ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>Linus</span>ʹ���˼�����ͬ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后分析代码值<span
+lang=EN-US>code</span>，并根据其含义进行处理。针对不同代码类型值，<span lang=EN-US>Linus</span>使用了几个不同</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>
-switch </span>�������д��������ȣ���ָ��������Ǿ��й̶�����ֵ����Ĵ������޹أ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的<span lang=EN-US>
+switch </span>程序块进行处理。首先，若指令操作码是具有固定代码值（与寄存器等无关），则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����洦����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在下面处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 switch (code) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case 0x1d0: <b><i>/* fnop */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�ղ���ָ��<span
+case 0x1d0: <b><i>/* fnop */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>空操作指令<span
 lang=EN-US>FNOP */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case 0x1d1: case 0x1d2: case 0x1d3:&nbsp; // </span>��Чָ����롣���źţ��˳���</p>
+case 0x1d1: case 0x1d2: case 0x1d3:&nbsp; // </span>无效指令代码。发信号，退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x1d4: case 0x1d5: case 0x1d6: case 0x1d7:</span></p>
@@ -48549,7 +48549,7 @@ style='color:blue'>SIGILL</span></u>-1));</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case 0x1e0:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FCHS - </span>�ı�<span lang=EN-US>ST</span>����λ����<span lang=EN-US>ST = -ST</span>��</p>
+// FCHS - </span>改变<span lang=EN-US>ST</span>符号位。即<span lang=EN-US>ST = -ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>ST</span></u>(0).exponent ^= 0x8000;</span></p>
@@ -48559,7 +48559,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x1e1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FABS - </span>ȡ����ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>ST = |ST|</span>��</p>
+// FABS - </span>取绝对值。即<span lang=EN-US>ST = |ST|</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>ST</span></u>(0).exponent &amp;= 0x7fff;</span></p>
@@ -48568,7 +48568,7 @@ case 0x1e1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 return;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case 0x1e2: case 0x1e3:&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Чָ����롣���źţ��˳���</p>
+case 0x1e2: case 0x1e3:&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>无效指令代码。发信号，退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>math_abort</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,1&lt;&lt;(<u><span
@@ -48576,7 +48576,7 @@ style='color:blue'>SIGILL</span></u>-1));</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x1e4:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FTST - </span>����<span lang=EN-US>TS</span>��ͬʱ����״̬����<span lang=EN-US>Cn</span>��</p>
+// FTST - </span>测试<span lang=EN-US>TS</span>，同时设置状态字中<span lang=EN-US>Cn</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>ftst</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>PST</span></u>(0));</span></p>
@@ -48586,18 +48586,18 @@ return;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x1e5:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FXAM - </span>���<span lang=EN-US>TS</span>ֵ��ͬʱ�޸�״̬����<span lang=EN-US>Cn</span>��</p>
+// FXAM - </span>检查<span lang=EN-US>TS</span>值，同时修改状态字中<span lang=EN-US>Cn</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>printk</span></u>(<i>&quot;fxam not
-implemented\n\r&quot;</i>);&nbsp; // </span>δʵ�֡����ź��˳���</p>
+implemented\n\r&quot;</i>);&nbsp; // </span>未实现。发信号退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>math_abort</span></u>(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,1&lt;&lt;(<u><span style='color:blue'>SIGILL</span></u>-1));</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case 0x1e6: case 0x1e7:&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Чָ����롣���źţ��˳���</p>
+case 0x1e6: case 0x1e7:&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>无效指令代码。发信号，退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>math_abort</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,1&lt;&lt;(<u><span
@@ -48605,7 +48605,7 @@ style='color:blue'>SIGILL</span></u>-1));</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x1e8:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FLD1 - </span>���س���<span lang=EN-US>1.0 </span>���ۼ���<span lang=EN-US>ST</span>��</p>
+// FLD1 - </span>加载常数<span lang=EN-US>1.0 </span>到累加器<span lang=EN-US>ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>fpush</span></u>();</span></p>
@@ -48620,8 +48620,8 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x1e9:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FLDL2T - </span>���س���<span lang=EN-US>Log<sub>2</sub>(10) </span>���ۼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ST</span>��</p>
+// FLDL2T - </span>加载常数<span lang=EN-US>Log<sub>2</sub>(10) </span>到累加器<span
+lang=EN-US>ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>102</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48638,8 +48638,8 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x1ea:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FLDL2E - </span>���س���<span lang=EN-US>Log<sub>2</sub>(e) </span>���ۼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ST</span>��</p>
+// FLDL2E - </span>加载常数<span lang=EN-US>Log<sub>2</sub>(e) </span>到累加器<span
+lang=EN-US>ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48656,7 +48656,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>109</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x1eb:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FLDPI - </span>���س���<span lang=EN-US>Pi </span>���ۼ���<span lang=EN-US>ST</span>��</p>
+// FLDPI - </span>加载常数<span lang=EN-US>Pi </span>到累加器<span lang=EN-US>ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48673,8 +48673,8 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x1ec:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FLDLG2 - </span>���س���<span lang=EN-US>Log<sub>10</sub>(2) </span>���ۼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ST</span>��</p>
+// FLDLG2 - </span>加载常数<span lang=EN-US>Log<sub>10</sub>(2) </span>到累加器<span
+lang=EN-US>ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
@@ -48691,8 +48691,8 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x1ed:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FLDLN2 - </span>���س���<span lang=EN-US>Log<sub>e</sub>(2) </span>���ۼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ST</span>��</p>
+// FLDLN2 - </span>加载常数<span lang=EN-US>Log<sub>e</sub>(2) </span>到累加器<span
+lang=EN-US>ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48709,7 +48709,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>121</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x1ee:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FLDZ - </span>���س���<span lang=EN-US>0.0 </span>���ۼ���<span lang=EN-US>ST</span>��</p>
+// FLDZ - </span>加载常数<span lang=EN-US>0.0 </span>到累加器<span lang=EN-US>ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48726,7 +48726,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>125</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case 0x1ef:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��Ч��δʵ�ַ���ָ����롣���źţ��˳���</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>无效和未实现仿真指令代码。发信号，退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>126</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48762,7 +48762,7 @@ style='color:blue'>SIGILL</span></u>-1));</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x2e9:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FUCOMPP - </span>�޴���Ƚϡ�</p>
+// FUCOMPP - </span>无次序比较。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48779,8 +48779,8 @@ return;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case 0x3d0: case 0x3d1:&nbsp;&nbsp; // FNOP - </span>��<span lang=EN-US>387</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>!!</span>Ӧ����<span lang=EN-US>0x3e0, 0x3e1</span>��</p>
+case 0x3d0: case 0x3d1:&nbsp;&nbsp; // FNOP - </span>对<span lang=EN-US>387</span>。<span
+lang=EN-US>!!</span>应该是<span lang=EN-US>0x3e0, 0x3e1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48789,7 +48789,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x3e2:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FCLEX - </span>��״̬�����쳣��־��</p>
+// FCLEX - </span>清状态字中异常标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48803,7 +48803,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x3e3:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FINIT - </span>��ʼ��Э��������</p>
+// FINIT - </span>初始化协处理器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48825,7 +48825,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x3e4:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FNOP - </span>��<span lang=EN-US>80387</span>��</p>
+// FNOP - </span>对<span lang=EN-US>80387</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48834,7 +48834,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x6d9:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FCOMPP - ST(1)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ST</span>�Ƚϣ���ջ�������Ρ�</p>
+// FCOMPP - ST(1)</span>与<span lang=EN-US>ST</span>比较，出栈操作两次。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48852,7 +48852,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x7e0:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSTSW AX - </span>���浱ǰ״̬�ֵ�<span lang=EN-US>AX</span>�Ĵ����С�</p>
+// FSTSW AX - </span>保存当前状态字到<span lang=EN-US>AX</span>寄存器中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48868,9 +48868,9 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���濪ʼ������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽ����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>������<span lang=EN-US>REG</span>��ָ���<span
-lang=EN-US>11011,XXXXXXXX,REG</span>��ʽ�Ĵ��롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面开始处理第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>字节最后<span lang=EN-US>3</span>比特是<span lang=EN-US>REG</span>的指令。即<span
+lang=EN-US>11011,XXXXXXXX,REG</span>形式的代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; switch (code
@@ -48879,7 +48879,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; switch (code
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x18:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FADD ST, ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FADD ST, ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48898,7 +48898,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x19:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FMUL ST, ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FMUL ST, ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48917,7 +48917,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>166</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x1a:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FCOM ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FCOM ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>167</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48937,7 +48937,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x1b:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FCOMP ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FCOMP ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48960,7 +48960,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x1c:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSUB ST, ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FSUB ST, ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -48988,7 +48988,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>181</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x1d:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSUBR ST, ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FSUBR ST, ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49011,7 +49011,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>186</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x1e:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FDIV ST, ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FDIV ST, ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>187</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49030,7 +49030,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x1f:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FDIVR ST, ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FDIVR ST, ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>191</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49049,7 +49049,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x38:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FLD ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FLD ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>195</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49067,7 +49067,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>198</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x39:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FXCH ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FXCH ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>199</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49081,7 +49081,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>201</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x3b:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSTP ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FSTP ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>202</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49099,7 +49099,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x98:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FADD ST(i), ST</span>��</p>
+// FADD ST(i), ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>206</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49118,7 +49118,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>209</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x99:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FMUL ST(i), ST</span>��</p>
+// FMUL ST(i), ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>210</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49137,7 +49137,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x9a:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FCOM ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FCOM ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>214</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49151,7 +49151,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>216</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x9b:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FCOMP ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FCOMP ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>217</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49170,7 +49170,7 @@ return;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>220</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x9c:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSUBR ST(i), ST</span>��</p>
+// FSUBR ST(i), ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>221</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49193,7 +49193,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>225</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x9d:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSUB ST(i), ST</span>��</p>
+// FSUB ST(i), ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>226</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49221,7 +49221,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>231</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x9e:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-FDIVR ST(i), ST</span>��</p>
+FDIVR ST(i), ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>232</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49240,7 +49240,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>235</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x9f:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FDIV ST(i), ST</span>��</p>
+// FDIV ST(i), ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>236</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49259,7 +49259,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>239</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xb8:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FFREE ST(i)</span>��δʵ�֡�</p>
+// FFREE ST(i)</span>。未实现。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>240</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49274,7 +49274,7 @@ style='color:blue'>SIGILL</span></u>-1));</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>242</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xb9:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FXCH ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FXCH ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>243</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49288,7 +49288,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>245</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case
 0xba:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FST ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FST ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>246</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49302,7 +49302,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>248</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xbb:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSTP ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FSTP ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>249</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49320,7 +49320,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>252</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xbc:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FUCOM ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FUCOM ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>253</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49334,7 +49334,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>255</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xbd:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-FUCOMP ST(i)</span>��</p>
+FUCOMP ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>256</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49352,7 +49352,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>259</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xd8:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FADDP ST(i), ST</span>��</p>
+// FADDP ST(i), ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>260</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49375,7 +49375,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>264</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xd9:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FMULP ST(i), ST</span>��</p>
+// FMULP ST(i), ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>265</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49398,7 +49398,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>269</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xda:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FCOMP ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FCOMP ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>270</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49416,7 +49416,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>273</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xdc:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSUBRP ST(i), ST</span>��</p>
+// FSUBRP ST(i), ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>274</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49443,7 +49443,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>279</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xdd:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSUBP ST(i), ST</span>��</p>
+// FSUBP ST(i), ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>280</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49475,7 +49475,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>286</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xde:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FDIVRP ST(i), ST</span>��</p>
+// FDIVRP ST(i), ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>287</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49498,7 +49498,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>291</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xdf:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FDIVP ST(i), ST</span>��</p>
+// FDIVP ST(i), ST</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>292</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49521,7 +49521,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>296</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;case 0xf8:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FFREE ST(i)</span>��δʵ�֡�</p>
+// FFREE ST(i)</span>。未实现。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>297</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49544,7 +49544,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>301</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case
 0xf9:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FXCH ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FXCH ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>302</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49558,12 +49558,12 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>304</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xfa:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSTP ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FSTP ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>305</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xfb:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSTP ST(i)</span>��</p>
+// FSTP ST(i)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>306</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49583,12 +49583,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���ֽ�λ<span
-lang=EN-US>7--6</span>��<span lang=EN-US>MOD</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>2--0</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>R/M</span>��ָ��� <span lang=EN-US>11011,XXX,MOD,XXX,R/M </span>��ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处理第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个字节位<span
+lang=EN-US>7--6</span>是<span lang=EN-US>MOD</span>、位<span lang=EN-US>2--0</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>R/M</span>的指令，即 <span lang=EN-US>11011,XXX,MOD,XXX,R/M </span>形式的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���롣<span lang=EN-US>MOD</span>�ڸ��ӳ����д�����������������ô�������<span
-lang=EN-US>0xe7</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0b11100111</span>�����ε�<span lang=EN-US>MOD</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>代码。<span lang=EN-US>MOD</span>在各子程序中处理，因此这里首先让代码与上<span
+lang=EN-US>0xe7</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0b11100111</span>）屏蔽掉<span lang=EN-US>MOD</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>310</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; switch
@@ -49597,7 +49597,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; switch
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>311</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x22:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FST &nbsp;- </span>���浥����ʵ������ʵ������</p>
+// FST &nbsp;- </span>保存单精度实数（短实数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>312</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49611,7 +49611,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>314</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x23:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-FSTP &nbsp;- </span>���浥����ʵ������ʵ������</p>
+FSTP &nbsp;- </span>保存单精度实数（短实数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>315</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49629,7 +49629,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>318</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x24:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FLDENV - </span>����Э������״̬�Ϳ��ƼĴ����ȡ�</p>
+// FLDENV - </span>加载协处理器状态和控制寄存器等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>319</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;address
@@ -49662,7 +49662,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>326</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x25:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FLDCW - </span>���ؿ����֡�</p>
+// FLDCW - </span>加载控制字。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>327</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49683,7 +49683,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>331</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x26:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSTENV - </span>����Э������״̬�Ϳ��ƼĴ����ȡ�</p>
+// FSTENV - </span>储存协处理器状态和控制寄存器等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>332</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49721,7 +49721,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>340</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x27:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSTCW - </span>��������֡�</p>
+// FSTCW - </span>储存控制字。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>341</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49743,7 +49743,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>345</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case
 0x62:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FIST - </span>�������������</p>
+// FIST - </span>储存短整形数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>346</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49757,7 +49757,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>348</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x63:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FISTP - </span>�������������</p>
+// FISTP - </span>储存短整形数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>349</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49775,7 +49775,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>352</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x65:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FLD - </span>������չ����ʱ��ʵ����</p>
+// FLD - </span>加载扩展（临时）实数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>353</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49798,7 +49798,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>357</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0x67:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSTP - </span>������չʵ����</p>
+// FSTP - </span>储存扩展实数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>358</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49815,7 +49815,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>361</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xa2:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FST - </span>����˫����ʵ����</p>
+// FST - </span>储存双精度实数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>362</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49829,7 +49829,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>364</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xa3:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSTP - </span>����˫����ʵ����</p>
+// FSTP - </span>储存双精度实数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>365</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49847,7 +49847,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>368</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xa4:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FRSTOR - </span>�ָ�����<span lang=EN-US>108</span>�ֽڵļĴ������ݡ�</p>
+// FRSTOR - </span>恢复所有<span lang=EN-US>108</span>字节的寄存器内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>369</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49880,7 +49880,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>376</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xa6:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSAVE - </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>108</span>�ֽڼĴ������ݡ�</p>
+// FSAVE - </span>保存所有<span lang=EN-US>108</span>字节寄存器内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>377</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49931,7 +49931,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>388</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xa7:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSTSW - </span>����״̬�֡�</p>
+// FSTSW - </span>保存状态字。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>389</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49953,7 +49953,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>393</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case
 0xe2:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FIST - </span>�������������</p>
+// FIST - </span>保存短整型数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>394</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49967,7 +49967,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>396</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xe3:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FISTP - </span>�������������</p>
+// FISTP - </span>保存短整型数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>397</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -49985,7 +49985,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>400</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xe4:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FBLD - </span>����<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>��������</p>
+// FBLD - </span>加载<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>类型数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>401</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -50008,7 +50008,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>405</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xe5:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FILD - </span>���س���������</p>
+// FILD - </span>加载长整型数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>406</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -50031,7 +50031,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>410</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xe6:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FBSTP - </span>����<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>��������</p>
+// FBSTP - </span>保存<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>类型数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>411</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -50049,7 +50049,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>414</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0xe7:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// BISTP - </span>���泤��������</p>
+// BISTP - </span>保存长整型数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>415</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -50067,11 +50067,11 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>418</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���洦����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ม��ָ����ȸ���ָ������λ<span
-lang=EN-US>10--9</span>��<span lang=EN-US>MF</span>ֵȡָ�����͵�����Ȼ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面处理第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>类浮点指令。首先根据指令代码的位<span
+lang=EN-US>10--9</span>的<span lang=EN-US>MF</span>值取指定类型的数，然后根据</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // OPA</span>��<span lang=EN-US>OPB</span>�����ֵ���зֱ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US> 11011,MF,000,XXX,R/M</span>��ʽ��ָ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // OPA</span>和<span lang=EN-US>OPB</span>的组合值进行分别处理。即处理<span
+lang=EN-US> 11011,MF,000,XXX,R/M</span>形式的指令代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>419</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; switch (code
@@ -50080,7 +50080,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; switch (code
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>420</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// MF = 00</span>����ʵ����<span lang=EN-US>32</span>λʵ������</p>
+// MF = 00</span>，短实数（<span lang=EN-US>32</span>位实数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>421</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -50093,7 +50093,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>423</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// MF = 01</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>32</span>λ��������</p>
+// MF = 01</span>，短整数（<span lang=EN-US>32</span>位整数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>424</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -50107,7 +50107,7 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>426</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 2:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// MF = 10</span>����ʵ����<span lang=EN-US>64</span>λʵ������</p>
+// MF = 10</span>，长实数（<span lang=EN-US>64</span>位实数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>427</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -50121,7 +50121,7 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>429</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 4:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// MF = 11</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>64</span>λ����������Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>case 3</span>��</p>
+// MF = 11</span>，长整数（<span lang=EN-US>64</span>位整数）。！应是<span lang=EN-US>case 3</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>430</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -50131,8 +50131,8 @@ style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,code);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>431</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ָ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽ��е�<span lang=EN-US>OPB</span>���롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处理浮点指令第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>字节中的<span lang=EN-US>OPB</span>代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>432</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; switch
@@ -50141,7 +50141,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; switch
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>433</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FADD</span>��</p>
+// FADD</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>434</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -50160,7 +50160,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>437</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FMUL</span>��</p>
+// FMUL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>438</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -50179,7 +50179,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>441</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 2:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FCOM</span>��</p>
+// FCOM</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>442</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -50193,7 +50193,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>444</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 3:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FCOMP</span>��</p>
+// FCOMP</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>445</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -50211,7 +50211,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>448</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 4:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSUB</span>��</p>
+// FSUB</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>449</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -50234,7 +50234,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>453</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case
 5:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FSUBR</span>��</p>
+// FSUBR</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>454</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -50257,7 +50257,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>458</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case
 6:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FDIV</span>��</p>
+// FDIV</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>459</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -50275,7 +50275,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>462</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 7:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FDIVR</span>��</p>
+// FDIVR</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>463</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
@@ -50293,13 +50293,13 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>466</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������� <span lang=EN-US>11011,XX,1,XX,000,R/M
-</span>��ָ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处理形如 <span lang=EN-US>11011,XX,1,XX,000,R/M
+</span>的指令代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>467</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((code &amp;
-0x138) == 0x100) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // FLD</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>FILD</span>��</p>
+0x138) == 0x100) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // FLD</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>FILD</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>468</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
@@ -50317,7 +50317,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>471</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ϊ��Чָ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其余均为无效指令。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>472</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -50336,20 +50336,20 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>475</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CPU</span>�쳣�ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>int7</span>���õ�<span lang=EN-US>80387</span>����ӿں�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CPU</span>异常中断<span
+lang=EN-US>int7</span>调用的<span lang=EN-US>80387</span>仿真接口函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ǰ����û��ʹ�ù�Э��������������ʹ��Э��������־<span
-lang=EN-US>used_math</span>��Ȼ���ʼ��<span lang=EN-US>80387</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若当前进程没有使用过协处理器，就设置使用协处理器标志<span
+lang=EN-US>used_math</span>，然后初始化<span lang=EN-US>80387</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ŀ����֡�״̬�ֺ������֡����ʹ���ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>int7</span>���ñ������ķ��ص�ַָ����Ϊ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的控制字、状态字和特征字。最后使用中断<span
+lang=EN-US>int7</span>调用本函数的返回地址指针作为参数调用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>do_emu()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>浮点指令仿真主函数<span
+lang=EN-US>do_emu()</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>
-___false </span>��<span lang=EN-US> _orig_eip</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>
+___false </span>是<span lang=EN-US> _orig_eip</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>476</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>math_emulate</span></u>(long
@@ -50397,15 +50397,15 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>487</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֹ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>终止仿真操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������Чָ��������δʵ�ֵ�ָ�����ʱ���ú������Ȼָ������ԭ<span
-lang=EN-US>EIP</span>��������ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当处理到无效指令代码或者未实现的指令代码时，该函数首先恢复程序的原<span
+lang=EN-US>EIP</span>，并发送指定</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�źŸ���ǰ���̡����ջָ��ָ���ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>int7 </span>�������̵��ñ������ķ��ص�ַ��ֱ�ӷ��ص�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号给当前进程。最后将栈指针指向中断<span
+lang=EN-US>int7 </span>处理过程调用本函数的返回地址，直接返回到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�жϴ��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中断处理过程中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>488</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>__math_abort</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -50434,10 +50434,10 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>494</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ۼ���ջ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>累加器栈弹出操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��״̬��<span lang=EN-US>TOP</span>�ֶ�ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������<span lang=EN-US>7</span>ȡģ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将状态字<span lang=EN-US>TOP</span>字段值加<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，并以<span lang=EN-US>7</span>取模。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>495</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>fpop</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -50477,10 +50477,10 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>504</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ۼ���ջ��ջ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>累加器栈入栈操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��״̬��<span lang=EN-US>TOP</span>�ֶμ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������<span lang=EN-US>7</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>7</span>ȡģ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将状态字<span lang=EN-US>TOP</span>字段减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>（即加<span lang=EN-US>7</span>），并以<span lang=EN-US>7</span>取模。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>505</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>fpush</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -50520,7 +50520,7 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>514</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ۼ����Ĵ�����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>交换两个累加器寄存器的值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>515</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>fxchg</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -50552,10 +50552,10 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>523</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>ST(i)</span>���ڴ�ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取<span lang=EN-US>ST(i)</span>的内存指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ȡ״̬����<span lang=EN-US>TOP</span>�ֶ�ֵ������ָ�����������ݼĴ����Ų�ȡģ����󷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>ST(i)</span>��Ӧ��ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>取状态字中<span lang=EN-US>TOP</span>字段值。加上指定的物理数据寄存器号并取模，最后返回<span
+lang=EN-US>ST(i)</span>对应的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>524</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static <u><span style='color:blue'>temp_real_unaligned</span></u> *
@@ -50567,8 +50567,8 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>526</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i += <u><span
 style='color:blue'>I387</span></u>.<u><span style='color:blue'>swd</span></u>
-&gt;&gt; 11;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ȡ״̬����<span
-lang=EN-US>TOP</span>�ֶ�ֵ��</p>
+&gt;&gt; 11;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>取状态字中<span
+lang=EN-US>TOP</span>字段值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>527</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i &amp;= 7;</span></p>
@@ -50600,7 +50600,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448001"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447405"><span lang=EN-US>11.2 </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>11-2 linux/kernel/math/error.c</span></a></h2>
+黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>11-2 linux/kernel/math/error.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -50623,26 +50623,26 @@ linux/kernel/math/error.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ź�ͷ�ļ��������źŷ��ų������źŽṹ���źŲ�������ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号头文件。定义信号符号常量，信号结构及信号操作函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�����������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Э�����������ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>int16</span>���õĴ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>协处理器错误中断<span
+lang=EN-US>int16</span>调用的处理函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Э��������⵽�Լ���������ʱ���ͻ�ͨ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ERROR</span>����֪ͨ<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>������������ڴ���Э����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当协处理器检测到自己发生错误时，就会通过<span
+lang=EN-US>ERROR</span>引脚通知<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>。下面代码用于处理协处理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ĳ����źš�����תȥִ��<span
-lang=EN-US> math_error()</span>�����غ���ת�����<span lang=EN-US>ret_from_sys_call</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>器发出的出错信号。并跳转去执行<span
+lang=EN-US> math_error()</span>。返回后将跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>ret_from_sys_call</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ִ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处继续执行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>math_error</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -50651,11 +50651,11 @@ void <u><span style='color:blue'>math_error</span></u>(void)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 __asm__(<i>&quot;fnclex&quot;</i>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��<span lang=EN-US>80387</span>���״̬���������쳣��־λ��æλ��</p>
+</span>让<span lang=EN-US>80387</span>清除状态字中所有异常标志位和忙位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>last_task_used_math</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʹ����Э��������������Э�����������źš�</p>
+// </span>若使用了协处理器，则设置协处理器出错信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>last_task_used_math</span></u>-&gt;signal |=
@@ -50681,7 +50681,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448002"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447406"><span lang=EN-US>11.3 </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>11-3 linux/kernel/math/ea.c</span></a></h2>
+黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>11-3 linux/kernel/math/ea.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -50712,30 +50712,30 @@ Calculate the effective address.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������Ч��ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>计算有效地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;stddef.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��׼����ͷ�ļ���������ʹ�������е�<span
-lang=EN-US>offsetof()</span>���塣</p>
+#include &lt;stddef.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标准定义头文件。本程序使用了其中的<span
+lang=EN-US>offsetof()</span>定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/math_emu.h&gt; // </span>Э������ͷ�ļ���������ʱʵ���ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>387</span>�Ĵ���������ȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/math_emu.h&gt; // </span>协处理器头文件。定义临时实数结构和<span lang=EN-US>387</span>寄存器操作宏等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // info</span>�ṹ�и����Ĵ����ڽṹ�е�ƫ��λ�á�<span
-lang=EN-US>offsetof()</span>������ָ���ֶ��ڽṹ�е�ƫ��λ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // info</span>结构中各个寄存器在结构中的偏移位置。<span
+lang=EN-US>offsetof()</span>用于求指定字段在结构中的偏移位</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�á��μ�<span lang=EN-US>include/stddef.h</span>�ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>置。参见<span lang=EN-US>include/stddef.h</span>文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>__regoffset</span></u>[] = {</span></p>
@@ -50776,7 +50776,7 @@ style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,___edi)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>info</span>�ṹ��ָ��λ�ô��Ĵ������ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取<span lang=EN-US>info</span>结构中指定位置处寄存器内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>REG</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>)
@@ -50785,9 +50785,9 @@ style='color:blue'>x</span></u>)]+(char *) <u><span style='color:blue'>info</spa
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽ�Ѱַģʽ�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>������ָʾ�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>SIB</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Scale</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>Index</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Base</span>����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>求<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字节寻址模式中第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>操作数指示字节<span lang=EN-US>SIB</span>（<span lang=EN-US>Scale</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>Index</span>，<span lang=EN-US>Base</span>）的值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 static char * <u><span style='color:blue'>sib</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -50804,8 +50804,8 @@ long offset = 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȴ��û��������ȡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>SIB</span>�ֽڣ�Ȼ��ȡ�������ֶα���λֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先从用户代码段中取得<span
+lang=EN-US>SIB</span>字节，然后取出各个字段比特位值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 base = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_byte</span></u>((char *) <u><span
@@ -50816,19 +50816,19 @@ style='color:blue'>EIP</span></u>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ss = base &gt;&gt; 6;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������Ӵ�С<span lang=EN-US>ss</span>��</p>
+// </span>比例因子大小<span lang=EN-US>ss</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 index = (base &gt;&gt; 3) &amp; 7;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ֵ��������<span lang=EN-US>index</span>��</p>
+// </span>索引值索引代号<span lang=EN-US>index</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;base &amp;= 7;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ַ����<span lang=EN-US>base</span>��</p>
+// </span>基地址代号<span lang=EN-US>base</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0b100</span>����ʾ������ƫ��ֵ����������ƫ��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>offset=</span>��Ӧ�Ĵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>*</span>�������ӡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果索引代号为<span
+lang=EN-US>0b100</span>，表示无索引偏移值。否则索引偏移值<span lang=EN-US>offset=</span>对应寄存器内容<span
+lang=EN-US>*</span>比例因子。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (index == 4)</span></p>
@@ -50845,12 +50845,12 @@ offset = <u><span style='color:blue'>REG</span></u>(index);</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 offset &lt;&lt;= ss;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����һ<span lang=EN-US>MODRM</span>�ֽ��е�<span
-lang=EN-US>MOD</span>��Ϊ�㣬����<span lang=EN-US>Base</span>������<span lang=EN-US>0b101</span>�����ʾ��ƫ��ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>base</span>ָ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果上一<span lang=EN-US>MODRM</span>字节中的<span
+lang=EN-US>MOD</span>不为零，或者<span lang=EN-US>Base</span>不等于<span lang=EN-US>0b101</span>，则表示有偏移值在<span
+lang=EN-US>base</span>指定的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ĵ����С����ƫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>offset</span>��Ҫ�ټ���<span lang=EN-US>base</span>��Ӧ�Ĵ����е����ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>寄存器中。因此偏移<span
+lang=EN-US>offset</span>需要再加上<span lang=EN-US>base</span>对应寄存器中的内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (mod || base != 5)</span></p>
@@ -50858,9 +50858,9 @@ if (mod || base != 5)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 offset += <u><span style='color:blue'>REG</span></u>(base);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>MOD=1</span>�����ʾƫ��ֵΪ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽڡ�������<span lang=EN-US>MOD=2</span>������<span lang=EN-US>base=0b101</span>����ƫ��ֵΪ<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>MOD=1</span>，则表示偏移值为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>字节。否则，若<span lang=EN-US>MOD=2</span>，或者<span lang=EN-US>base=0b101</span>，则偏移值为<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (mod == 1) {</span></p>
@@ -50885,7 +50885,7 @@ long *) <u><span style='color:blue'>EIP</span></u>);</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��󱣴沢����ƫ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后保存并返回偏移值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>I387</span></u>.foo = offset;</span></p>
@@ -50900,7 +50900,7 @@ return (char *) offset;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ����Ѱַģʽ�ֽڼ�����Ч��ֵַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据指令中寻址模式字节计算有效地址值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>
 char * <u><span style='color:blue'>ea</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -50920,22 +50920,22 @@ int offset = 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ�����е�<span
-lang=EN-US>MOD</span>�ֶκ�<span lang=EN-US>R/M</span>�ֶ�ֵ�����<span lang=EN-US>MOD=0b11</span>����ʾ�ǵ��ֽ�ָ�û��ƫ���ֶΡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先取代码中的<span
+lang=EN-US>MOD</span>字段和<span lang=EN-US>R/M</span>字段值。如果<span lang=EN-US>MOD=0b11</span>，表示是单字节指令，没有偏移字段。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>R/M</span>�ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>=0b100</span>������<span lang=EN-US>MOD</span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0b11</span>����ʾ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽڵ�ַģʽѰַ����˵���<span lang=EN-US>sib()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>R/M</span>字段<span
+lang=EN-US>=0b100</span>，并且<span lang=EN-US>MOD</span>不为<span lang=EN-US>0b11</span>，表示是<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>字节地址模式寻址，因此调用<span lang=EN-US>sib()</span>求</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ƫ��ֵ�����ؼ��ɡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>出偏移值并返回即可。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mod = (code &gt;&gt; 6) &amp; 3;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// MOD</span>�ֶΡ�</p>
+// MOD</span>字段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 rm = code &amp; 7;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// R/M</span>�ֶΡ�</p>
+// R/M</span>字段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (rm == 4 &amp;&amp; mod != 3)</span></p>
@@ -50943,12 +50943,12 @@ if (rm == 4 &amp;&amp; mod != 3)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return <u><span style='color:blue'>sib</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,mod);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>R/M</span>�ֶ�Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0b101</span>������<span lang=EN-US>MOD</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ�ǵ��ֽڵ�ַģʽ�����Һ���<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽ�ƫ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>R/M</span>字段为<span
+lang=EN-US>0b101</span>，并且<span lang=EN-US>MOD</span>为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示是单字节地址模式编码且后随<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>字节偏移值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ���û�������<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽ�ƫ��ֵ�����沢����֮��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于是取出用户代码中<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>字节偏移值，保存并返回之。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (rm == 5 &amp;&amp; !mod) {</span></p>
@@ -50972,15 +50972,15 @@ return (char *) offset;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>MOD</span>���д���������ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>R/M</span>�����Ӧ�Ĵ������ݵ�ֵ��Ϊָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>tmp</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于其余情况，则根据<span
+lang=EN-US>MOD</span>进行处理。首先取出<span lang=EN-US>R/M</span>代码对应寄存器内容的值作为指针<span
+lang=EN-US>tmp</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>MOD=0</span>����ƫ��ֵ������<span
-lang=EN-US>MOD=1</span>���������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽ�ƫ��ֵ������<span lang=EN-US>MOD=2</span>���������<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于<span lang=EN-US>MOD=0</span>，无偏移值。对于<span
+lang=EN-US>MOD=1</span>，代码后随<span lang=EN-US>1</span>字节偏移值。对于<span lang=EN-US>MOD=2</span>，代码后有<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>字节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ƫ��ֵ����󱣴沢������Ч��ֵַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>偏移值。最后保存并返回有效地址值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 tmp = &amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>REG</span></u>(rm);</span></p>
@@ -51056,7 +51056,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448003"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447407"><span lang=EN-US>11.4 </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>11-4 linux/kernel/math/convert.c</span></a></h2>
+黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>11-4 linux/kernel/math/convert.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -51079,7 +51079,7 @@ linux/kernel/math/convert.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/math_emu.h&gt; // </span>Э������ͷ�ļ���������ʱʵ���ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>387</span>�Ĵ���������ȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/math_emu.h&gt; // </span>协处理器头文件。定义临时实数结构和<span lang=EN-US>387</span>寄存器操作宏等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -51115,32 +51115,32 @@ if the temp-real number simply won't fit in a short- or long-real.)</i></b></spa
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע��<span
-lang=EN-US>!!! </span>��<span lang=EN-US>temp_to_long</span>��<span lang=EN-US>temp_to_short</span>��������ת���ӳ�������Щ�������ԡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意<span
+lang=EN-US>!!! </span>在<span lang=EN-US>temp_to_long</span>和<span lang=EN-US>temp_to_short</span>数据类型转换子程序中有些“不明显”</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���Ż����������������Ͳ�Ҫ�����޸ġ���������������еļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����λҲͬ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>的优化处理：如果不理解就不要随意修改。它们是舍入操作中的加<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>：溢出位也同</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����������ָ���м�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����˿���ȥ�������û�б���ȷ�ش�������������<span lang=EN-US>IEEE</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>样被用于向指数中加<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。因此看上去溢出好像没有被正确地处理，但是由于<span lang=EN-US>IEEE</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��������׼���涨���ݸ�ʽ�Ĳ�����ʽ����Щ��������ȷ�ġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>浮点数标准所规定数据格式的操作方式，这些做法是正确的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��������û�ж�ת�������������������⣨Ҳ����ʱʵ���Ƿ��ܹ��򵥵ط����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>不过这里没有对转换过程中总体溢出作检测（也即临时实数是否能够简单地放入短</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ʵ����ʵ����ʽ�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>实数或长实数格式中）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʵ��ת������ʱʵ����ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>短实数转换成临时实数格式。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʵ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>λ������Ч����β����������<span lang=EN-US>23</span>λ��ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>λ������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>短实数长度是<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>位，其有效数（尾数）长度是<span lang=EN-US>23</span>位，指数是<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>位，还有<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个符号位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>short_to_temp</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -51149,25 +51149,25 @@ style='color:blue'>short_real</span></u> * a, <u><span style='color:blue'>temp_r
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȴ�����ת���Ķ�ʵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�������ö�Ӧ��ʱʵ��<span lang=EN-US>b</span>����Ч��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��Ȼ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先处理被转换的短实数是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的情况。若为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则设置对应临时实数<span lang=EN-US>b</span>的有效数为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。然后根</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ݶ�ʵ������λ������ʱʵ���ķ���λ����<span
-lang=EN-US>exponent</span>�������Чλ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>据短实数符号位设置临时实数的符号位，即<span
+lang=EN-US>exponent</span>的最高有效位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(*a &amp; 0x7fffffff)) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 b-&gt;a = b-&gt;b = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʱʵ������Ч��<span lang=EN-US> = 0</span>��</p>
+// </span>置临时实数的有效数<span lang=EN-US> = 0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (*a)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-b-&gt;exponent = 0x8000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���÷���λ��</p>
+b-&gt;exponent = 0x8000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置符号位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 else</span></p>
@@ -51181,38 +51181,38 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һ���ʵ������ȷ����Ӧ��ʱʵ����ָ��ֵ��������Ҫ�õ�������ƫ�ñ�ʾ�����ĸ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于一般短实数，先确定对应临时实数的指数值。这里需要用到整型数偏置表示方法的概念。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʵ��ָ����ƫ������<span
-lang=EN-US>127</span>������ʱʵ��ָ����ƫ������<span lang=EN-US>16383</span>�������ȡ����ʵ����ָ��ֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>短实数指数的偏置量是<span
+lang=EN-US>127</span>，而临时实数指数的偏置量是<span lang=EN-US>16383</span>。因此在取出短实数中指数值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ҫ������е�ƫ����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US> 16383</span>�� ��ʱ���γ�����ʱʵ����ʽ��ָ��ֵ <span lang=EN-US>exponent</span>�����⣬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>后需要变更其中的偏置量为<span
+lang=EN-US> 16383</span>。 此时就形成了临时实数格式的指数值 <span lang=EN-US>exponent</span>。另外，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʵ���Ǹ���������Ҫ������ʱʵ���ķ���λ��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>79</span>������һ������β��ֵ�������ǰ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果短实数是负数，则需要设置临时实数的符号位（位<span
+lang=EN-US>79</span>）。下一步设置尾数值。方法是把</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʵ������<span lang=EN-US>8</span>λ����<span
-lang=EN-US>23</span>λβ�������Чλ������ʱʵ����λ<span lang=EN-US>62</span>��������ʱʵ��β����λ<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>短实数左移<span lang=EN-US>8</span>位，让<span
+lang=EN-US>23</span>位尾数最高有效位处于临时实数的位<span lang=EN-US>62</span>处。而临时实数尾数的位<span
 lang=EN-US>63</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ҫ����һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������Ҫ����<span lang=EN-US>0x80000000</span>����������ʱʵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>λ��Ч����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处需要恒置一个<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，即需要或上<span lang=EN-US>0x80000000</span>。最后清掉临时实数低<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>位有效数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-b-&gt;exponent = ((*a&gt;&gt;23) &amp; 0xff)-127+16383;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>ȡ����ʵ��ָ��λ������ƫ������</p>
+b-&gt;exponent = ((*a&gt;&gt;23) &amp; 0xff)-127+16383;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>取出短实数指数位，更换偏置量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (*a&lt;0)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;b-&gt;exponent |= 0x8000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��Ϊ���������÷���λ��</p>
+</span>若为负数则设置符号位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 b-&gt;b = (*a&lt;&lt;8) | 0x80000000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����β�������ӹ̶�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ֵ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>放置尾数，添加固定<span lang=EN-US>1</span>值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 b-&gt;a = 0;</span></p>
@@ -51221,10 +51221,10 @@ b-&gt;a = 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʵ��ת������ʱʵ����ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>长实数转换成临时实数格式。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>short_to_temp()</span>��ȫһ����������ʵ��ָ��ƫ������<span
-lang=EN-US>1023</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>方法与<span lang=EN-US>short_to_temp()</span>完全一样。不过长实数指数偏置量是<span
+lang=EN-US>1023</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>long_to_temp</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -51238,13 +51238,13 @@ if (!a-&gt;a &amp;&amp; !(a-&gt;b &amp; 0x7fffffff)) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 b-&gt;a = b-&gt;b = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʱʵ������Ч��<span lang=EN-US> = 0</span>��</p>
+// </span>置临时实数的有效数<span lang=EN-US> = 0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (a-&gt;b)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-b-&gt;exponent = 0x8000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���÷���λ��</p>
+b-&gt;exponent = 0x8000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置符号位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 else</span></p>
@@ -51259,18 +51259,18 @@ return;</span></p>
 }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-b-&gt;exponent = ((a-&gt;b &gt;&gt; 20) &amp; 0x7ff)-1023+16383; &nbsp;// </span>ȡ��ʵ��ָ��������ƫ������</p>
+b-&gt;exponent = ((a-&gt;b &gt;&gt; 20) &amp; 0x7ff)-1023+16383; &nbsp;// </span>取长实数指数，更换偏置量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (a-&gt;b&lt;0)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 b-&gt;exponent |= 0x8000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��Ϊ���������÷���λ��</p>
+</span>若为负数则设置符号位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 b-&gt;b = 0x80000000 | (a-&gt;b&lt;&lt;11) | (((unsigned
-long)a-&gt;a)&gt;&gt;21); // </span>����β������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+long)a-&gt;a)&gt;&gt;21); // </span>放置尾数，添<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 b-&gt;a = a-&gt;a&lt;&lt;11;</span></p>
@@ -51279,9 +51279,9 @@ b-&gt;a = a-&gt;a&lt;&lt;11;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱʵ��ת���ɶ�ʵ����ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>临时实数转换成短实数格式。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>short_to_temp()</span>�෴������Ҫ�������Ⱥ��������⡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>过程与<span lang=EN-US>short_to_temp()</span>相反，但需要处理精度和舍入问题。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>temp_to_short</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -51290,8 +51290,8 @@ style='color:blue'>temp_real</span></u> * a, <u><span style='color:blue'>short_r
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ָ������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����������޷���λ���ö�ʵ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>-0 </span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果指数部分为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则根据有无符号位设置短实数为<span lang=EN-US>-0 </span>或<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(a-&gt;exponent &amp; 0x7fff)) {</span></p>
@@ -51305,24 +51305,24 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ���ָ�����֡���������ʱʵ��ָ��ƫ������<span
-lang=EN-US>16383</span>��Ϊ��ʵ����ƫ����<span lang=EN-US>127</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>先处理指数部分。即更换临时实数指数偏置量（<span
+lang=EN-US>16383</span>）为短实数的偏置量<span lang=EN-US>127</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *b = ((((long) a-&gt;exponent)-16383+127) &lt;&lt; 23) &amp; 0x7f800000;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (a-&gt;exponent &lt; 0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Ǹ��������÷���λ��</p>
+// </span>若是负数则设置符号位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *b |= 0x80000000;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *b |= (a-&gt;b &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0x007fffff;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��ʱʵ����Ч����<span lang=EN-US>23</span>λ��</p>
+// </span>取临时实数有效数高<span lang=EN-US>23</span>位。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���ݿ������е���������ִ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>根据控制字中的舍入设置执行舍入操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 switch (<u><span style='color:blue'>ROUNDING</span></u>) {</span></p>
@@ -51370,7 +51370,7 @@ break;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱʵ��ת���ɳ�ʵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>临时实数转换成长实数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>temp_to_long</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -51492,14 +51492,14 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>115</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱʵ��ת������ʱ������ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>临时实数转换成临时整数格式。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ����Ҳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>10</span>�ֽڱ�ʾ�����е�<span lang=EN-US>8</span>�ֽ����޷�������ֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽڱ�ʾָ��ֵ�ͷ���λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>临时整数也用<span
+lang=EN-US>10</span>字节表示。其中低<span lang=EN-US>8</span>字节是无符号整数值，高<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>字节表示指数值和符号位。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽ������ЧλΪ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ʾ�Ǹ�������λ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果高<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字节最高有效位为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，则表示是负数；若位<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示是正数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>real_to_int</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -51714,7 +51714,7 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ����ת������ʱʵ����ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>临时整数转换成临时实数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>169</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>int_to_real</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -51724,11 +51724,11 @@ style='color:blue'>temp_int</span></u> * a, <u><span style='color:blue'>temp_rea
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ԭֵ������������ת������ʱʵ��ʱָ��������Ҫ����ƫ����<span
-lang=EN-US>16383</span>�⣬��Ҫ����<span lang=EN-US>63</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>由于原值是整数，所以转换成临时实数时指数除了需要加上偏置量<span
+lang=EN-US>16383</span>外，还要加上<span lang=EN-US>63</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ��Ч��Ҫ����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>63</span>�η�������������ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>表示有效数要乘上<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的<span lang=EN-US>63</span>次方，即都是整数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; b-&gt;a = a-&gt;a;</span></p>
@@ -51758,8 +51758,8 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>178</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ը�ʽת�������ʱʵ�����й�񻯴�����������Ч�������Чλ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对格式转换后的临时实数进行规格化处理，即让有效数最高有效位不是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>179</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (b-&gt;b
@@ -51806,7 +51806,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448004"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447408"><span lang=EN-US>11.5 </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>11-5 linux/kernel/math/add.c</span></a></h2>
+黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>11-5 linux/kernel/math/add.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -51863,45 +51863,45 @@ integers together. When using doubles (52 bits accuracy), the</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ʱʵ���ӷ��ӳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>临时实数加法子程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�⣡ ��Щ������ȷ������ֻ��<span
-lang=EN-US>62</span>���ؿ��ȣ����Ҳ��ܽ�����ȷ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意！ 这些并不精确：它们只有<span
+lang=EN-US>62</span>比特宽度，并且不能进行正确地舍入操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Щ���ǲݾ�֮����ԭ����Ϊ�˲��������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���أ������ǰ�ֵ������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>这些仅是草就之作。原因是为了不会溢出（<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>比特），我们把值右移了<span lang=EN-US>2</span>位，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ʹ�÷���λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���أ��ܹ�����β���С����Ƿǳ��򵥵��㷨������<span lang=EN-US>62</span>λ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>并且使得符号位（<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>比特）能够移入尾数中。这是非常简单的算法，而且<span lang=EN-US>62</span>位</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ʵ������<span
-lang=EN-US>61</span>λ<span lang=EN-US> - </span>û�����룩�ľ���ͨ��Ҳ�㹻�ˡ�ֻ�е����<span
-lang=EN-US>64</span>λ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>（实际上是<span
+lang=EN-US>61</span>位<span lang=EN-US> - </span>没有舍入）的精度通常也足够了。只有当你把<span
+lang=EN-US>64</span>位的整数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ʱ�Żᷢ��һЩ��ֵ����⡣��ʹ��˫���ȣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>52</span>���ؾ��ȣ�����ʱ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>相加时才会发觉一些奇怪的问题。当使用双精度（<span
+lang=EN-US>52</span>比特精度）数据时，是永</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>Զ�����ܳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>61</span>���ؾ��ȵġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>远不可能超过<span
+lang=EN-US>61</span>比特精度的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/math_emu.h&gt; // </span>Э������ͷ�ļ���������ʱʵ���ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>387</span>�Ĵ���������ȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/math_emu.h&gt; // </span>协处理器头文件。定义临时实数结构和<span lang=EN-US>387</span>寄存器操作宏等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ�����ĸ����������Ʋ��룩��ʾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>求一个数的负数（二进制补码）表示。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱʵ��β������Ч����ȡ�����ټ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把临时实数尾数（有效数）取反后再加<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>a</span>����ʱʵ���ṹ������<span
-lang=EN-US>a</span>��<span lang=EN-US>b</span>�ֶ������ʵ������Ч����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>a</span>是临时实数结构。其中<span
+lang=EN-US>a</span>、<span lang=EN-US>b</span>字段组合是实数的有效数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NEGINT</span></u>(a) \</span></p>
@@ -51917,9 +51917,9 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;notl %0 ; notl %1 ; addl $1,%0 ; adcl $0,%1&quot;</i> \</span><
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>β�����Ż���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>尾数符号化。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʱʵ���任��ָ����������ʾ��ʽ���Ա��ڷ������㡣��������������Ϊ�����ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即把临时实数变换成指数和整数表示形式，以便于仿真运算。因此我们这里称其为仿真格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>signify</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -51927,30 +51927,30 @@ style='color:blue'>temp_real</span></u> * a)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>64</span>λ������β������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>λ�����ָ����Ҫ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>������Ϊָ���ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>exponent</span>����߱���λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把<span lang=EN-US>64</span>位二进制尾数右移<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>位（因此指数需要加<span lang=EN-US>2</span>）。因为指数字段<span lang=EN-US>exponent</span>的最高比特位是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����λ��������ָ��ֵС���㣬˵�������Ǹ������������β���ò����ʾ��ȡ������Ȼ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符号位，所以若指数值小于零，说明该数是负数。于是则把尾数用补码表示（取负）。然后把</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��ȡ��ֵ����ʱβ���в��������ƹ�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>λ����Ч�������һ�������ֵ�ķ���λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指数取正值。此时尾数中不仅包含移过<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>位的有效数，而且还包含数值的符号位。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 30</span>���ϣ�<span lang=EN-US>%0
-- a-&gt;a</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - a-&gt;b</span>�����ָ�<span lang=EN-US>shrdl
-$2, %1, %0</span>��ִ��˫���ȣ�<span lang=EN-US>64</span>λ�����ƣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 30</span>行上：<span lang=EN-US>%0
+- a-&gt;a</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - a-&gt;b</span>。汇编指令“<span lang=EN-US>shrdl
+$2, %1, %0</span>”执行双精度（<span lang=EN-US>64</span>位）右移，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������β��<span
-lang=EN-US>&lt;b,a&gt;</span>����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>λ�����ڸ��ƶ���������ı�<span
-lang=EN-US>%1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>a-&gt;b</span>���е�ֵ����˻���Ҫ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即把组合尾数<span
+lang=EN-US>&lt;b,a&gt;</span>右移<span lang=EN-US>2</span>位。由于该移动操作不会改变<span
+lang=EN-US>%1</span>（<span lang=EN-US>a-&gt;b</span>）中的值，因此还需要单独</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对其右移<span lang=EN-US>2</span>位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 a-&gt;exponent += 2;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-__asm__(<i>&quot;shrdl $2,%1,%0 ; shrl $2,%1&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʹ��˫����ָ���β������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>λ��</p>
+__asm__(<i>&quot;shrdl $2,%1,%0 ; shrl $2,%1&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>使用双精度指令把尾数右移<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;:<i>&quot;=r&quot;</i> (a-&gt;a),<i>&quot;=r&quot;</i>
@@ -51961,22 +51961,22 @@ lang=EN-US>2</span>λ��</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (a-&gt;exponent &lt; 0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ǹ�������β���ò����ʾ��ȡ��ֵ����</p>
+// </span>是负数，则尾数用补码表示（取负值）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>NEGINT</span></u>(a);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 a-&gt;exponent &amp;= 0x7fff;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȥ������λ�����У���</p>
+// </span>去掉符号位（若有）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>β���Ƿ��Ż���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>尾数非符号化。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ʽת��Ϊ��ʱʵ����ʽ������ָ����������ʾ��ʵ��ת��Ϊ��ʱʵ����ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将仿真格式转换为临时实数格式。即把指数和整数表示的实数转换为临时实数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>unsignify</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -51984,19 +51984,19 @@ style='color:blue'>temp_real</span></u> * a)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�������ô�����ֱ�ӷ��ء����������ȸ�λ��ʱʵ����ʽ�ķ���λ��Ȼ���ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于值为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的数不用处理，直接返回。否则，我们先复位临时实数格式的符号位。然后判断</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>β���ĸ�λ<span lang=EN-US>long</span>�ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>a-&gt;b</span>�Ƿ���з���λ�����У����� <span lang=EN-US>exponent </span>�ֶ����ӷ���λ��ͬʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>尾数的高位<span lang=EN-US>long</span>字段<span
+lang=EN-US>a-&gt;b</span>是否带有符号位。若有，则在 <span lang=EN-US>exponent </span>字段添加符号位，同时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��β�����޷�������ʽ��ʾ��ȡ����������β�����й�񻯴�����ͬʱָ��ֵ����Ӧ�ݼ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把尾数用无符号数形式表示（取补）。最后对尾数进行规格化处理，同时指数值作相应递减。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ�����Ʋ�����ʹ��β�������Чλ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>a-&gt;b</span>ֵ����Ϊ��ֵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即执行左移操作，使得尾数最高有效位不为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>（最后<span lang=EN-US>a-&gt;b</span>值表现为负值）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(a-&gt;a || a-&gt;b)) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�ͷ��ء�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>若值为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>就返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 a-&gt;exponent = 0;</span></p>
@@ -52009,17 +52009,17 @@ return;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 a-&gt;exponent &amp;= 0x7fff;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȥ������λ�����У���</p>
+// </span>去掉符号位（若有）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if
 (a-&gt;b &lt; 0) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ǹ�������β��ȡ��ֵ��</p>
+// </span>是负数，则尾数取正值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>NEGINT</span></u>(a);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-a-&gt;exponent |= 0x8000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱʵ�������÷���λ��</p>
+a-&gt;exponent |= 0x8000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>临时实数添加置符号位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
@@ -52029,7 +52029,7 @@ while (a-&gt;b &gt;= 0) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 a-&gt;exponent--;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��β�����й�񻯴�����</p>
+// </span>对尾数进行规格化处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 __asm__(<i>&quot;addl %0,%0 ; adcl %1,%1&quot;</i></span></p>
@@ -52047,11 +52047,11 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;addl %0,%0 ; adcl %1,%1&quot;</i></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���渡��ӷ�ָ�����㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>仿真浮点加法指令运算。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱʵ������ <span
-lang=EN-US>src1 + src2 </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US> result</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>临时实数参数 <span
+lang=EN-US>src1 + src2 </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US> result</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>fadd</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -52069,12 +52069,12 @@ int x1,x2,<u><span style='color:blue'>shift</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ��������ָ��ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>x1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>x2</span>��ȥ������λ����Ȼ���ñ���<span lang=EN-US>a</span>�����������ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>shift</span>Ϊָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先取两个数的指数值<span
+lang=EN-US>x1</span>、<span lang=EN-US>x2</span>（去掉符号位）。然后让变量<span lang=EN-US>a</span>等于其中最大值，<span
+lang=EN-US>shift</span>为指数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ı���ֵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>差值（即相差<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的倍数值）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 x1 = src1-&gt;exponent &amp; 0x7fff;</span></p>
@@ -52109,20 +52109,20 @@ b = *src1;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������̫�󣬴��ڵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>64</span>�η��������ǿ��Ժ���С���Ǹ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>b</span>ֵ������ֱ�ӷ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若两者相差太大，大于等于<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的<span lang=EN-US>64</span>次方，则我们可以忽略小的那个数，即<span
+lang=EN-US>b</span>值。于是直接返</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>a</span>ֵ���ɡ������������ڵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>32</span>�η�����ô���ǿ��Ժ���Сֵ<span lang=EN-US>b</span>�еĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>λֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回<span lang=EN-US>a</span>值即可。否则，若相差大于等于<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的<span lang=EN-US>32</span>次方，那么我们可以忽略小值<span lang=EN-US>b</span>中的低<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>位值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ǰ�<span lang=EN-US>
-b</span>�ĸ�<span lang=EN-US>long</span>�ֶ�ֵ<span lang=EN-US> b.b</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>λ�����ŵ�<span lang=EN-US>b.a</span>�С�Ȼ���<span lang=EN-US>b</span>��ָ��ֵ��Ӧ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于是我们把<span lang=EN-US>
+b</span>的高<span lang=EN-US>long</span>字段值<span lang=EN-US> b.b</span>右移<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>位，即放到<span lang=EN-US>b.a</span>中。然后把<span lang=EN-US>b</span>的指数值相应地增</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>32</span>�η�����ָ����ֵ��ȥ<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>����������֮����ӵ���������β��������������ͬ�����С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>加<span lang=EN-US>32</span>次方。即指数差值减去<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>。这样调整之后，相加的两个数的尾数基本上落在相同区域中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>shift</span></u> &gt;= 64) {</span></p>
@@ -52151,16 +52151,16 @@ b.b = 0;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ٽ���ϸ�µص������Խ�������ߵ�������ͬ�����������ǰ�Сֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>b</span>��β������<span lang=EN-US>shift</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着再进行细致地调整，以将相加两者调整成相同。调整方法是把小值<span
+lang=EN-US>b</span>的尾数右移<span lang=EN-US>shift</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������λ���������ߵ�ָ����ͬ������ͬһ���������¡����ǾͿ��Զ�β��������������ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>各比特位。这样两者的指数相同，处于同一个数量级下。我们就可以对尾数进行相加运算了。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���֮ǰ������Ҫ�Ȱ�����ת���ɷ��������ʽ���ڼӷ�������ٱ任����ʱʵ����ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>相加之前我们需要先把它们转换成仿真运算格式。在加法运算后再变换会临时实数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 __asm__(<i>&quot;shrdl %4,%1,%0 ; shrl %4,%1&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>˫���ȣ�<span lang=EN-US>64</span>λ�����ơ�</p>
+// </span>双精度（<span lang=EN-US>64</span>位）右移。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 :<i>&quot;=r&quot;</i> (b.a),<i>&quot;=r&quot;</i> (b.b)</span></p>
@@ -52171,14 +52171,14 @@ style='color:blue'>shift</span></u>));</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>signify</span></u>(&amp;a);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�任��ʽ��</p>
+// </span>变换格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>signify</span></u>(&amp;b);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 __asm__(<i>&quot;addl %4,%0 ; adcl %5,%1&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ִ�мӷ����㡣</p>
+// </span>执行加法运算。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 :<i>&quot;=r&quot;</i> (a.a),<i>&quot;=r&quot;</i> (a.b)</span></p>
@@ -52189,7 +52189,7 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;addl %4,%0 ; adcl %5,%1&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>unsignify</span></u>(&amp;a);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ٱ任����ʱʵ����ʽ��</p>
+// </span>再变换会临时实数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *<u><span style='color:blue'>result</span></u> = a;</span></p>
@@ -52214,7 +52214,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448005"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447409"><span lang=EN-US>11.6 </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>11-6 linux/kernel/math/compare.c</span></a></h2>
+黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>11-6 linux/kernel/math/compare.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -52245,20 +52245,20 @@ temporary real comparison routines</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ۼ�������ʱʵ���Ƚ��ӳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>累加器中临时实数比较子程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/math_emu.h&gt; // </span>Э������ͷ�ļ���������ʱʵ���ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>387</span>�Ĵ���������ȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/math_emu.h&gt; // </span>协处理器头文件。定义临时实数结构和<span lang=EN-US>387</span>寄存器操作宏等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ״̬���е�<span
-lang=EN-US>C3</span>��<span lang=EN-US>C2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>C1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>C0</span>����λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复位状态字中的<span
+lang=EN-US>C3</span>、<span lang=EN-US>C2</span>、<span lang=EN-US>C1</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>C0</span>条件位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>clear_Cx</span></u>() (<u><span
@@ -52267,13 +52267,13 @@ style='color:blue'>I387</span></u>.<u><span style='color:blue'>swd</span></u>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱʵ��<span lang=EN-US>a</span>���й�񻯴���������ʾ��ָ������Ч����ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对临时实数<span lang=EN-US>a</span>进行规格化处理。即表示成指数、有效数形式。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���磺<span lang=EN-US>102.345
-</span>��ʾ��<span lang=EN-US> 1.02345 X 10<sup>2</sup></span>��<span lang=EN-US>
-0.0001234 </span>��ʾ�� <span lang=EN-US>1.234 X 10<sup>-4</sup></span>����Ȼ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>例如：<span lang=EN-US>102.345
+</span>表示成<span lang=EN-US> 1.02345 X 10<sup>2</sup></span>。<span lang=EN-US>
+0.0001234 </span>表示成 <span lang=EN-US>1.234 X 10<sup>-4</sup></span>。当然，函数中是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ʊ�ʾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>二进制表示。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>normalize</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -52283,17 +52283,17 @@ style='color:blue'>temp_real</span></u> * a)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int i = a-&gt;exponent &amp; 0x7fff;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡָ��ֵ����ȥ����λ����</p>
+// </span>取指数值（略去符号位）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int sign = a-&gt;exponent &amp; 0x8000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ����λ��</p>
+// </span>取符号位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʱʵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>a</span>��<span lang=EN-US>64</span>λ��Ч����β����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ô˵��<span
-lang=EN-US>a</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>a</span>��ָ���������ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果临时实数<span
+lang=EN-US>a</span>的<span lang=EN-US>64</span>位有效数（尾数）为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，那么说明<span
+lang=EN-US>a</span>等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。于是清<span lang=EN-US>a</span>的指数，并返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(a-&gt;a || a-&gt;b)) {</span></p>
@@ -52307,11 +52307,11 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>a</span>��β���������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ����λ����ô��β�����ƣ�ͬʱ����ָ��ֵ���ݼ�����ֱ��β��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>a</span>的尾数最左端有<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>值比特位，那么将尾数左移，同时调整指数值（递减）。直到尾数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>b</span>�ֶ������Чλ<span
-lang=EN-US>MSB</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>λ�ã���ʱ<span lang=EN-US>b</span>����Ϊ��ֵ��������������Ϸ���λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的<span lang=EN-US>b</span>字段最高有效位<span
+lang=EN-US>MSB</span>是<span lang=EN-US>1</span>位置（此时<span lang=EN-US>b</span>表现为负值）。最后再添加上符号位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while (i &amp;&amp; a-&gt;b &gt;= 0) {</span></p>
@@ -52338,19 +52338,19 @@ a-&gt;exponent = i | sign;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���渡��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>FTST</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>仿真浮点指令<span
+lang=EN-US>FTST</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ջ���ۼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ST(0)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�Ƚϣ������ݱȽϽ����������λ����<span
-lang=EN-US>ST &gt; 0.0</span>����<span lang=EN-US>C3</span>��<span lang=EN-US>C2</span>��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即栈定累加器<span
+lang=EN-US>ST(0)</span>与<span lang=EN-US>0</span>比较，并根据比较结果设置条件位。若<span
+lang=EN-US>ST &gt; 0.0</span>，则<span lang=EN-US>C3</span>，<span lang=EN-US>C2</span>，<span
 lang=EN-US>C0</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ֱ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>000</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>ST &lt; 0.0</span>��������λΪ<span lang=EN-US>001</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>ST == 0.0</span>��������λ��<span lang=EN-US>100</span>�������ɱȽϣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>分别为<span lang=EN-US>000</span>；若<span
+lang=EN-US>ST &lt; 0.0</span>，则条件位为<span lang=EN-US>001</span>；若<span
+lang=EN-US>ST == 0.0</span>，则条件位是<span lang=EN-US>100</span>；若不可比较，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������λΪ<span lang=EN-US>111</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则条件位为<span lang=EN-US>111</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>ftst</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -52363,11 +52363,11 @@ style='color:blue'>temp_real</span></u> * a)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������״̬����������־λ�����ԱȽ�ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>b</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ST</span>�����й�񻯴�������<span lang=EN-US>b</span>�������㲢������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先清状态字中条件标志位，并对比较值<span
+lang=EN-US>b</span>（<span lang=EN-US>ST</span>）进行规格化处理。若<span lang=EN-US>b</span>不等于零并且设置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�˷���λ���Ǹ�����������������λ<span
-lang=EN-US>C0</span>��������������λ<span lang=EN-US>C3</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>了符号位（是负数），则设置条件位<span
+lang=EN-US>C0</span>。否则设置条件位<span lang=EN-US>C3</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>clear_Cx</span></u>();</span></p>
@@ -52397,17 +52397,17 @@ if (b.exponent &lt; 0)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���渡��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>FCOM</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>仿真浮点指令<span
+lang=EN-US>FCOM</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƚ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>src1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>src2</span>�������ݱȽϽ����������λ����<span
-lang=EN-US>src1 &gt; src2</span>����<span lang=EN-US>C3</span>��<span lang=EN-US>C2</span>��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>比较两个参数<span
+lang=EN-US>src1</span>、<span lang=EN-US>src2</span>。并根据比较结果设置条件位。若<span
+lang=EN-US>src1 &gt; src2</span>，则<span lang=EN-US>C3</span>，<span lang=EN-US>C2</span>，<span
 lang=EN-US>C0</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ֱ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>000</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>src1 &lt; src2</span>��������λΪ<span lang=EN-US>001</span>����������ȣ�������λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>100</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>分别为<span lang=EN-US>000</span>；若<span
+lang=EN-US>src1 &lt; src2</span>，则条件位为<span lang=EN-US>001</span>；若两者相等，则条件位是<span
+lang=EN-US>100</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>fcom</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -52426,25 +52426,25 @@ a = *src1;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 a.exponent ^= 0x8000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����λȡ����</p>
+// </span>符号位取反。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>fadd</span></u>(&amp;a,src2,&amp;a);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ӣ����������</p>
+// </span>两者相加（即相减）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>ftst</span></u>(&amp;a);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Խ������������λ��</p>
+// </span>测试结果并设置条件位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���渡��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>FUCOM</span>���޴���Ƚϣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>仿真浮点指令<span
+lang=EN-US>FUCOM</span>（无次序比较）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڲ�����֮һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>NaN</span>�ıȽϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用于操作数之一是<span
+lang=EN-US>NaN</span>的比较。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>fucom</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -52476,7 +52476,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448006"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447410"><span lang=EN-US>11.7 </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>11-7 linux/kernel/math/get_put.c</span></a></h2>
+黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>11-7 linux/kernel/math/get_put.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -52513,42 +52513,42 @@ other than temporary real format. All other cals are strictly temp_real.</i></b>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����������ж��û��ڴ�ķ��ʣ���ȡ�ʹ���ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>ʵ��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>/BCD</span>��ֵ�ȡ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>本程序处理所有对用户内存的访问：获取和存入指令<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>实数值<span lang=EN-US>/BCD</span>数值等。这是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�漰��ʱʵ������������ʽ���еĲ��֡�������������ȫ��ʹ����ʱʵ����ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>涉及临时实数以外其他格式仅有的部分。所有其他运算全都使用临时实数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
-#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ź�ͷ�ļ��������źŷ��ţ��źŽṹ���źŲ�������ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号头文件。定义信号符号，信号结构及信号操作函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/math_emu.h&gt; // </span>Э������ͷ�ļ���������ʱʵ���ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>387</span>�Ĵ���������ȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/math_emu.h&gt; // </span>协处理器头文件。定义临时实数结构和<span lang=EN-US>387</span>寄存器操作宏等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�û��ڴ��еĶ�ʵ����������ʵ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取用户内存中的短实数（单精度实数）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݸ���ָ�������Ѱַģʽ�ֽ��е����ݺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>info</span>�ṹ�е�ǰ�Ĵ����е����ݣ�ȡ�ö�ʵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据浮点指令代码中寻址模式字节中的内容和<span
+lang=EN-US>info</span>结构中当前寄存器中的内容，取得短实数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ч��ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>math/ea.c</span>����Ȼ����û���������ȡ��Ӧʵ��ֵ�������û���ʵ��ת����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>所在有效地址（<span
+lang=EN-US>math/ea.c</span>），然后从用户数据区读取相应实数值。最后把用户短实数转换成</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱʵ����<span lang=EN-US>math/convert.c</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>临时实数（<span lang=EN-US>math/convert.c</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tmp
-�C </span>ת������ʱʵ�����ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>info �C info</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>code
-�C </span>ָ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tmp
+– </span>转换成临时实数后的指针；<span lang=EN-US>info – info</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>code
+– </span>指令代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>get_short_real</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -52570,34 +52570,34 @@ char * addr;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 addr = <u><span style='color:blue'>ea</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,code);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������Ч��ַ��</p>
+// </span>计算有效地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 sr = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_long</span></u>((unsigned long *)
-addr);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�û��������е�ֵ��</p>
+addr);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取用户数据区中的值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>short_to_temp</span></u>(&amp;sr,tmp);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ת������ʱʵ����ʽ��</p>
+// </span>转换成临时实数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�û��ڴ��еĳ�ʵ����˫����ʵ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取用户内存中的长实数（双精度实数）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ��ݸ���ָ�������Ѱַģʽ�ֽ��е����ݺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>info</span>�ṹ�е�ǰ�Ĵ����е����ݣ�ȡ�ó�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先根据浮点指令代码中寻址模式字节中的内容和<span
+lang=EN-US>info</span>结构中当前寄存器中的内容，取得长</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʵ��������Ч��ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>math/ea.c</span>����Ȼ����û���������ȡ��Ӧʵ��ֵ�������û�ʵ��ֵת</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>实数所在有效地址（<span
+lang=EN-US>math/ea.c</span>），然后从用户数据区读取相应实数值。最后把用户实数值转</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʱʵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>math/convert.c</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>换成临时实数（<span
+lang=EN-US>math/convert.c</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tmp
-�C </span>ת������ʱʵ�����ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>info �C info</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>code
-�C </span>ָ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tmp
+– </span>转换成临时实数后的指针；<span lang=EN-US>info – info</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>code
+– </span>指令代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>get_long_real</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -52619,11 +52619,11 @@ char * addr;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 addr = <u><span style='color:blue'>ea</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,code);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ȡָ���е���Ч��ֵַ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>取指令中的有效地址值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lr.a = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_long</span></u>((unsigned long *)
-addr);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>8</span>�ֽ�ʵ����</p>
+addr);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取长<span lang=EN-US>8</span>字节实数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 lr.b = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_long</span></u>(1 + (unsigned long *)
@@ -52631,23 +52631,23 @@ addr);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>long_to_temp</span></u>(&amp;lr,tmp);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ת������ʱʵ����ʽ��</p>
+// </span>转换成临时实数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�û��ڴ��е���ʱʵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取用户内存中的临时实数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ��ݸ���ָ�������Ѱַģʽ�ֽ��е����ݺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>info</span>�ṹ�е�ǰ�Ĵ����е����ݣ�ȡ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先根据浮点指令代码中寻址模式字节中的内容和<span
+lang=EN-US>info</span>结构中当前寄存器中的内容，取得临</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʱʵ��������Ч��ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>math/ea.c</span>����Ȼ����û���������ȡ��Ӧ��ʱʵ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>时实数所在有效地址（<span
+lang=EN-US>math/ea.c</span>），然后从用户数据区读取相应临时实数值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tmp
-�C </span>ת������ʱʵ�����ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>info �C info</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>code
-�C </span>ָ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tmp
+– </span>转换成临时实数后的指针；<span lang=EN-US>info – info</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>code
+– </span>指令代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>get_temp_real</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -52666,7 +52666,7 @@ char * addr;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 addr = <u><span style='color:blue'>ea</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,code);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡָ���е���Ч��ֵַ��</p>
+// </span>取指令中的有效地址值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 tmp-&gt;a = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_long</span></u>((unsigned long
@@ -52684,27 +52684,27 @@ tmp-&gt;exponent = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_word</span></u>(4 +
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�û��ڴ��еĶ�������ת������ʱʵ����ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取用户内存中的短整数并转换成临时实数格式。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ����Ҳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>10</span>�ֽڱ�ʾ�����е�<span lang=EN-US>8</span>�ֽ����޷�������ֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽڱ�ʾָ��ֵ�ͷ���λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>临时整数也用<span
+lang=EN-US>10</span>字节表示。其中低<span lang=EN-US>8</span>字节是无符号整数值，高<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>字节表示指数值和符号位。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽ������ЧλΪ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ʾ�Ǹ������������Чλ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果高<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字节最高有效位为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，则表示是负数；若最高有效位是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示是正数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������ȸ��ݸ���ָ�������Ѱַģʽ�ֽ��е����ݺ�<span
-lang=EN-US> info</span>�ṹ�е�ǰ�Ĵ����е����ݣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先根据浮点指令代码中寻址模式字节中的内容和<span
+lang=EN-US> info</span>结构中当前寄存器中的内容，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�ö�����������Ч��ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>math/ea.c</span>����Ȼ����û���������ȡ��Ӧ����ֵ��������Ϊ��ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取得短整数所在有效地址（<span
+lang=EN-US>math/ea.c</span>），然后从用户数据区读取相应整数值，并保存为临时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʽ��������ʱ����ֵת������ʱʵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>math/convert.c</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>整数格式。最后把临时整数值转换成临时实数（<span
+lang=EN-US>math/convert.c</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tmp
-�C </span>ת������ʱʵ�����ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>info �C info</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>code
-�C </span>ָ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tmp
+– </span>转换成临时实数后的指针；<span lang=EN-US>info – info</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>code
+– </span>指令代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>get_short_int</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -52727,7 +52727,7 @@ ti;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 addr = <u><span style='color:blue'>ea</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,code);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡָ���е���Ч��ֵַ��</p>
+// </span>取指令中的有效地址值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ti.a = (signed short) <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_word</span></u>((unsigned
@@ -52738,35 +52738,35 @@ ti.b = 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (ti.sign = (ti.a &lt; 0))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Ǹ�������������ʱ��������λ��</p>
+// </span>若是负数，则设置临时整数符号位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ti.a
 = - ti.a;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʱ������β��������Ϊ�޷�������</p>
+// </span>临时整数“尾数”部分为无符号数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>int_to_real</span></u>(&amp;ti,tmp);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʱ����ת������ʱʵ����ʽ��</p>
+// </span>把临时整数转换成临时实数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�û��ڴ��еĳ�������ת������ʱʵ����ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取用户内存中的长整数并转换成临时实数格式。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ��ݸ���ָ�������Ѱַģʽ�ֽ��е����ݺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>info</span>�ṹ�е�ǰ�Ĵ����е����ݣ�ȡ�ó�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先根据浮点指令代码中寻址模式字节中的内容和<span
+lang=EN-US>info</span>结构中当前寄存器中的内容，取得长</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������Ч��ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>math/ea.c</span>����Ȼ����û���������ȡ��Ӧ����ֵ��������Ϊ��ʱ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>整数所在有效地址（<span
+lang=EN-US>math/ea.c</span>），然后从用户数据区读取相应整数值，并保存为临时整数格</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʽ��������ʱ����ֵת������ʱʵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>math/convert.c</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>式。最后把临时整数值转换成临时实数（<span
+lang=EN-US>math/convert.c</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tmp
-�C </span>ת������ʱʵ�����ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>info �C info</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>code
-�C </span>ָ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tmp
+– </span>转换成临时实数后的指针；<span lang=EN-US>info – info</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>code
+– </span>指令代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>get_long_int</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -52788,7 +52788,7 @@ char * addr;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 addr = <u><span style='color:blue'>ea</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,code);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡָ���е���Ч��ֵַ��</p>
+// </span>取指令中的有效地址值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ti.a = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_long</span></u>((unsigned long *)
@@ -52799,35 +52799,35 @@ ti.b = 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (ti.sign = (ti.a &lt; 0))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Ǹ�������������ʱ��������λ��</p>
+// </span>若是负数，则设置临时整数符号位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ti.a = - ti.a; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��ʱ������β��������Ϊ�޷�������</p>
+</span>临时整数“尾数”部分为无符号数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>int_to_real</span></u>(&amp;ti,tmp);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʱ����ת������ʱʵ����ʽ��</p>
+// </span>把临时整数转换成临时实数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�û��ڴ��е�<span
-lang=EN-US>64</span>λ��������ת������ʱʵ����ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取用户内存中的<span
+lang=EN-US>64</span>位长整数并转换成临时实数格式。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ��ݸ���ָ�������Ѱַģʽ�ֽ��е����ݺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>info </span>�ṹ�е�ǰ�Ĵ����е����ݣ�ȡ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先根据浮点指令代码中寻址模式字节中的内容和<span
+lang=EN-US>info </span>结构中当前寄存器中的内容，取得</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 64</span>λ������������Ч��ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>math/ea.c</span>����Ȼ����û���������ȡ��Ӧ����ֵ��������Ϊ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 64</span>位长整数所在有效地址（<span
+lang=EN-US>math/ea.c</span>），然后从用户数据区读取相应整数值，并保存为临</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʱ������ʽ������ٰ���ʱ����ֵת������ʱʵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>math/convert.c</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>时整数格式。最后再把临时整数值转换成临时实数（<span
+lang=EN-US>math/convert.c</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tmp
-�C </span>ת������ʱʵ�����ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>info �C info</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>code
-�C </span>ָ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tmp
+– </span>转换成临时实数后的指针；<span lang=EN-US>info – info</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>code
+– </span>指令代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>get_longlong_int</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -52850,11 +52850,11 @@ char * addr;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;addr = <u><span style='color:blue'>ea</span></u>(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,code);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡָ���е���Ч��ֵַ��</p>
+// </span>取指令中的有效地址值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ti.a = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_long</span></u>((unsigned long *)
-addr);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�û�<span lang=EN-US>64</span>λ��������</p>
+addr);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取用户<span lang=EN-US>64</span>位长整数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ti.b = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_long</span></u>(1 + (unsigned long *)
@@ -52862,11 +52862,11 @@ addr);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (ti.sign = (ti.b &lt; 0))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���Ǹ�����������ʱ��������λ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>若是负数则设置临时整数符号位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-__asm__(<i>&quot;notl %0 ; notl %1\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͬʱȡ����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ͽ�λ������</p>
+__asm__(<i>&quot;notl %0 ; notl %1\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>同时取反加<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>和进位调整。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;addl $1,%0 ; adcl $0,%1&quot;</i></span></p>
@@ -52879,18 +52879,18 @@ lang=EN-US>1</span>�ͽ�λ������</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>int_to_real</span></u>(&amp;ti,tmp);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʱ����ת������ʱʵ����ʽ��</p>
+// </span>把临时整数转换成临时实数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ��<span lang=EN-US>64</span>λ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>N</span>����<span lang=EN-US>10</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将一个<span lang=EN-US>64</span>位整数（例如<span
+lang=EN-US>N</span>）乘<span lang=EN-US>10</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>BCD</span>����ֵת������ʱʵ����ʽ�����С������ǣ�<span lang=EN-US>N&lt;&lt;1 +
-N&lt;&lt;3</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这个宏用于下面<span
+lang=EN-US>BCD</span>码数值转换成临时实数格式过程中。方法是：<span lang=EN-US>N&lt;&lt;1 +
+N&lt;&lt;3</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MUL10</span></u>(low,high) \</span></p>
@@ -52919,11 +52919,11 @@ lang=EN-US> :<i>&quot;&quot;</i> (low),<i>&quot;1&quot;</i> (high):<i>&quot;cx&q
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 64</span>λ�ӷ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 64</span>位加法。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>32</span>λ���޷�����<span
-lang=EN-US>val</span>�ӵ�<span lang=EN-US>64</span>λ��<span lang=EN-US>
-&lt;high,low&gt; </span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把<span lang=EN-US>32</span>位的无符号数<span
+lang=EN-US>val</span>加到<span lang=EN-US>64</span>位数<span lang=EN-US>
+&lt;high,low&gt; </span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ADD64</span></u>(val,low,high)
@@ -52940,21 +52940,21 @@ lang=EN-US> :<i>&quot;&quot;</i> (low),<i>&quot;1&quot;</i> (high),<i>&quot;r&qu
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>109</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�û��ڴ��е�<span
-lang=EN-US>BCD</span>����ֵ��ת������ʱʵ����ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取用户内存中的<span
+lang=EN-US>BCD</span>码数值并转换成临时实数格式。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������ȸ��ݸ���ָ�������Ѱַģʽ�ֽ��е����ݺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>info </span>�ṹ�е�ǰ�Ĵ����е����ݣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先根据浮点指令代码中寻址模式字节中的内容和<span
+lang=EN-US>info </span>结构中当前寄存器中的内容，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>
-BCD</span>��������Ч��ַ��<span lang=EN-US>math/ea.c</span>����Ȼ����û���������ȡ<span
-lang=EN-US> 10</span>�ֽ���Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>��ֵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取得<span lang=EN-US>
+BCD</span>码所在有效地址（<span lang=EN-US>math/ea.c</span>），然后从用户数据区读取<span
+lang=EN-US> 10</span>字节相应<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>码值（其</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽ����ڷ��ţ���ͬʱת������ʱ������ʽ��������ʱ����ֵת������ʱʵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中<span lang=EN-US>1</span>字节用于符号），同时转换成临时整数形式。最后把临时整数值转换成临时实数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tmp
-�C </span>ת������ʱʵ�����ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>info �C info</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>code
-�C </span>ָ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tmp
+– </span>转换成临时实数后的指针；<span lang=EN-US>info – info</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>code
+– </span>指令代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>get_BCD</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -52981,27 +52981,27 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char c;</sp
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>����ֵ�����ڴ���Ч��ַ��Ȼ������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>���ֽڣ������Чλ����ʼ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取得<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>码数值所在内存有效地址。然后从最后<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>码字节（最高有效位）开始处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>����ֵ�ķ���λ����������ʱ�����ķ���λ��Ȼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>9</span>�ֽڵ�<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>��ֵת����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>先取得<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>码数值的符号位，并设置临时整数的符号位。然后把<span
+lang=EN-US>9</span>字节的<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>码值转换成</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ������ʽ������ٰ���ʱ����ֵת������ʱʵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>临时整数格式，最后再把临时整数值转换成临时实数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addr = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>ea</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,code);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��Ч��ַ��</p>
+// </span>取有效地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addr += 9;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ָ�����һ������<span lang=EN-US>10</span>�����ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>指向最后一个（第<span lang=EN-US>10</span>个）字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i.sign = 0x80 &amp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_byte</span></u>(addr--);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ���з���λ��</p>
+// </span>取其中符号位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>120</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i.a = i.b = 0;</span></p>
@@ -53009,7 +53009,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i.a = i.b = 0;</span
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>121</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (k = 0; k &lt;
 9; k++) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ת������ʱ������ʽ��</p>
+// </span>转换成临时整数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;c
@@ -53038,7 +53038,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>int_to_real</span></u>(&amp;i,tmp);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>ת������ʱʵ����ʽ��</p>
+</span>转换成临时实数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>129</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -53046,19 +53046,19 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������Զ̣������ȣ�ʵ����ʽ���浽�û��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把运算结果以短（单精度）实数格式保存到用户数据区中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������ȸ��ݸ���ָ�������Ѱַģʽ�ֽ��е����ݺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>info </span>�ṹ�е�ǰ�Ĵ����е����ݣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先根据浮点指令代码中寻址模式字节中的内容和<span
+lang=EN-US>info </span>结构中当前寄存器中的内容，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�ñ���������Ч��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>��Ȼ�����ʱʵ����ʽ�Ľ��ת���ɶ�ʵ����ʽ���洢����Ч</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取得保存结果的有效地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>，然后把临时实数格式的结果转换成短实数格式并存储到有效</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ַ<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>地址<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tmp
-�C </span>��ʱʵ����ʽ���ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>info �C info</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>code
-�C </span>ָ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tmp
+– </span>临时实数格式结果值；<span lang=EN-US>info – info</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>code
+– </span>指令代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>131</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>put_short_real</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -53085,23 +53085,23 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addr = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>ea</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,code);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��Ч��ַ��</p>
+// </span>取有效地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(addr,4);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>Ϊ��������֤������ڴ档</p>
+</span>为保存结果验证或分配内存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>temp_to_short</span></u>(tmp,&amp;sr);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ת���ɶ�ʵ����ʽ��</p>
+// </span>结果转换成短实数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>put_fs_long</span></u>(sr,(unsigned long *) addr);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�洢���ݵ��û��ڴ�����</p>
+// </span>存储数据到用户内存区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -53109,19 +53109,19 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������Գ���˫���ȣ�ʵ����ʽ���浽�û��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把运算结果以长（双精度）实数格式保存到用户数据区中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������ȸ��ݸ���ָ�������Ѱַģʽ�ֽ��е����ݺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>info </span>�ṹ�е�ǰ�Ĵ����е����ݣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先根据浮点指令代码中寻址模式字节中的内容和<span
+lang=EN-US>info </span>结构中当前寄存器中的内容，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�ñ���������Ч��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>��Ȼ�����ʱʵ����ʽ�Ľ��ת���ɳ�ʵ����ʽ�����洢����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取得保存结果的有效地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>，然后把临时实数格式的结果转换成长实数格式，并存储到有</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ч��ַ<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>效地址<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tmp
-�C </span>��ʱʵ����ʽ���ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>info �C info</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>code
-�C </span>ָ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tmp
+– </span>临时实数格式结果值；<span lang=EN-US>info – info</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>code
+– </span>指令代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>put_long_real</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -53148,22 +53148,22 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addr = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>ea</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,code);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��Ч��ַ��</p>
+// </span>取有效地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(addr,8);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ϊ��������֤������ڴ档</p>
+// </span>为保存结果验证或分配内存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>151</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>temp_to_long</span></u>(tmp,&amp;lr);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ת���ɳ�ʵ����ʽ��</p>
+// </span>结果转换成长实数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>put_fs_long</span></u>(lr.a, (unsigned long *) addr);&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�洢���ݵ��û��ڴ�����</p>
+// </span>存储数据到用户内存区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -53175,17 +53175,17 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������ʱʵ����ʽ���浽�û��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把运算结果以临时实数格式保存到用户数据区中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������ȸ��ݸ���ָ�������Ѱַģʽ�ֽ��е����ݺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>info </span>�ṹ�е�ǰ�Ĵ����е����ݣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先根据浮点指令代码中寻址模式字节中的内容和<span
+lang=EN-US>info </span>结构中当前寄存器中的内容，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�ñ���������Ч��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>��Ȼ�����ʱʵ���洢����Ч��ַ<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取得保存结果的有效地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>，然后把临时实数存储到有效地址<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tmp
-�C </span>��ʱʵ����ʽ���ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>info �C info</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>code
-�C </span>ָ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tmp
+– </span>临时实数格式结果值；<span lang=EN-US>info – info</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>code
+– </span>指令代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>put_temp_real</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -53208,17 +53208,17 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addr = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>ea</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,code);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ȡ��Ч��ַ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>取有效地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(addr,10);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ϊ��������֤������ڴ档</p>
+// </span>为保存结果验证或分配内存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>put_fs_long</span></u>(tmp-&gt;a, (unsigned long *) addr);
-// </span>�洢���ݵ��û��ڴ�����</p>
+// </span>存储数据到用户内存区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -53236,19 +53236,19 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>167</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������Զ�������ʽ���浽�û��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把运算结果以短整数格式保存到用户数据区中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������ȸ��ݸ���ָ�������Ѱַģʽ�ֽ��е����ݺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>info </span>�ṹ�е�ǰ�Ĵ����е����ݣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先根据浮点指令代码中寻址模式字节中的内容和<span
+lang=EN-US>info </span>结构中当前寄存器中的内容，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�ñ���������Ч��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>��Ȼ�����ʱʵ����ʽ�Ľ��ת������ʱ������ʽ������Ǹ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取得保存结果的有效地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>，然后把临时实数格式的结果转换成临时整数格式。如果是负</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������������λ�������������浽�û��ڴ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数则设置整数符号位。最后把整数保存到用户内存中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tmp
-�C </span>��ʱʵ����ʽ���ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>info �C info</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>code
-�C </span>ָ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tmp
+– </span>临时实数格式结果值；<span lang=EN-US>info – info</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>code
+– </span>指令代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>put_short_int</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -53275,21 +53275,21 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>174</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addr = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>ea</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,code);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��Ч��ַ��</p>
+// </span>取有效地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>real_to_int</span></u>(tmp,&amp;ti);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ת������ʱ������ʽ��</p>
+// </span>转换成临时整数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(addr,2);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��֤�����洢�ڴ档</p>
+// </span>验证或分配存储内存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>177</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (ti.sign)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���з���λ����ȡ����ֵ��</p>
+// </span>若有符号位，则取负数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>178</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -53298,7 +53298,7 @@ ti.a = -ti.a;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>179</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>put_fs_word</span></u>(ti.a,(short *) addr);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�洢���û��������С�</p>
+// </span>存储到用户数据区中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>180</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -53306,19 +53306,19 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>181</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������Գ�������ʽ���浽�û��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把运算结果以长整数格式保存到用户数据区中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������ȸ��ݸ���ָ�������Ѱַģʽ�ֽ��е����ݺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>info </span>�ṹ�е�ǰ�Ĵ����е����ݣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先根据浮点指令代码中寻址模式字节中的内容和<span
+lang=EN-US>info </span>结构中当前寄存器中的内容，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�ñ���������Ч��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>��Ȼ�����ʱʵ����ʽ�Ľ��ת������ʱ������ʽ������Ǹ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取得保存结果的有效地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>，然后把临时实数格式的结果转换成临时整数格式。如果是负</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������������λ�������������浽�û��ڴ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数则设置整数符号位。最后把整数保存到用户内存中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tmp
-�C </span>��ʱʵ����ʽ���ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>info �C info</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>code
-�C </span>ָ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tmp
+– </span>临时实数格式结果值；<span lang=EN-US>info – info</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>code
+– </span>指令代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>put_long_int</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -53345,21 +53345,21 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addr = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>ea</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,code);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��Ч��ַ��</p>
+// </span>取有效地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>real_to_int</span></u>(tmp,&amp;ti);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ת������ʱ������ʽ��</p>
+// </span>转换成临时整数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(addr,4);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��֤�����洢�ڴ档</p>
+// </span>验证或分配存储内存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>191</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (ti.sign)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���з���λ����ȡ����ֵ��</p>
+// </span>若有符号位，则取负数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>192</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -53368,7 +53368,7 @@ ti.a = -ti.a;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>put_fs_long</span></u>(ti.a,(unsigned long *) addr);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�洢���û��������С�</p>
+// </span>存储到用户数据区中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -53376,20 +53376,20 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>195</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������<span
-lang=EN-US>64</span>λ������ʽ���浽�û��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把运算结果以<span
+lang=EN-US>64</span>位整数格式保存到用户数据区中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������ȸ��ݸ���ָ�������Ѱַģʽ�ֽ��е����ݺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>info </span>�ṹ�е�ǰ�Ĵ����е����ݣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先根据浮点指令代码中寻址模式字节中的内容和<span
+lang=EN-US>info </span>结构中当前寄存器中的内容，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�ñ���������Ч��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>��Ȼ�����ʱʵ����ʽ�Ľ��ת������ʱ������ʽ������Ǹ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取得保存结果的有效地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>，然后把临时实数格式的结果转换成临时整数格式。如果是负</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������������λ�������������浽�û��ڴ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数则设置整数符号位。最后把整数保存到用户内存中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tmp
-�C </span>��ʱʵ����ʽ���ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>info �C info</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>code
-�C </span>ָ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tmp
+– </span>临时实数格式结果值；<span lang=EN-US>info – info</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>code
+– </span>指令代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>196</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>put_longlong_int</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -53416,21 +53416,21 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>202</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addr = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>ea</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,code);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��Ч��ַ��</p>
+// </span>取有效地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>203</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>real_to_int</span></u>(tmp,&amp;ti);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ת������ʱ������ʽ��</p>
+// </span>转换成临时整数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(addr,8);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��֤�洢����</p>
+// </span>验证存储区域。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (ti.sign)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Ǹ�������ȡ����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+// </span>若是负数，则取反加<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>206</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -53451,7 +53451,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>210</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>put_fs_long</span></u>(ti.a,(unsigned long *) addr);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�洢���û��������С�</p>
+// </span>存储到用户数据区中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>211</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -53463,8 +53463,8 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�޷�����<span lang=EN-US>&lt;high,
-low&gt;</span>����<span lang=EN-US>10</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>rem</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>无符号数<span lang=EN-US>&lt;high,
+low&gt;</span>除以<span lang=EN-US>10</span>，余数放在<span lang=EN-US>rem</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>214</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DIV10</span></u>(low,high,rem)
@@ -53485,23 +53485,23 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;&quot;</i>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>218</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������<span
-lang=EN-US>BCD</span>���ʽ���浽�û��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把运算结果以<span
+lang=EN-US>BCD</span>码格式保存到用户数据区中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������ȸ��ݸ���ָ�������Ѱַģʽ�ֽ��е����ݺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>info </span>�ṹ�е�ǰ�Ĵ����е����ݣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先根据浮点指令代码中寻址模式字节中的内容和<span
+lang=EN-US>info </span>结构中当前寄存器中的内容，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�ñ���������Ч��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>������֤����<span lang=EN-US>10</span>�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>����û��ռ䡣Ȼ�����ʱʵ����ʽ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取得保存结果的有效地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>，并验证保存<span lang=EN-US>10</span>字节<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>码的用户空间。然后把临时实数格式</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ľ��ת����<span
-lang=EN-US>BCD</span>���ʽ�����ݲ����浽�û��ڴ��С�����Ǹ�����������ߴ洢�ֽڵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的结果转换成<span
+lang=EN-US>BCD</span>码格式的数据并保存到用户内存中。如果是负数则设置最高存储字节的最高</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Чλ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有效位。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tmp
-�C </span>��ʱʵ����ʽ���ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>info �C info</span>�ṹָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>code
-�C </span>ָ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>tmp
+– </span>临时实数格式结果值；<span lang=EN-US>info – info</span>结构指针；<span lang=EN-US>code
+– </span>指令代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>219</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>put_BCD</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -53531,21 +53531,21 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>226</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addr = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>ea</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>info</span></u>,code);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��Ч��ַ��</p>
+// </span>取有效地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>227</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(addr,10);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��֤�洢�ռ�������</p>
+// </span>验证存储空间容量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>real_to_int</span></u>(tmp,&amp;i);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ת������ʱ������ʽ��</p>
+// </span>转换成临时整数格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>229</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (i.sign)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Ǹ����������÷����ֽ������Чλ��</p>
+// </span>若是负数，则设置符号字节最高有效位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>230</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -53553,7 +53553,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>231</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; else&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������ֽ�����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+// </span>否则符号字节设置为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>232</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -53562,7 +53562,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>233</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (k = 0; k &lt;
 9; k++) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʱ����ת����<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>�벢���档</p>
+// </span>临时整数转换成<span lang=EN-US>BCD</span>码并保存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>234</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -53609,7 +53609,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448007"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447411"><span lang=EN-US>11.8 </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>11-8 linux/kernel/math/mul.c</span></a></h2>
+黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>11-8 linux/kernel/math/mul.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -53640,19 +53640,19 @@ temporary real multiplication routine.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ʱʵ���˷��ӳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>临时实数乘法子程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/math_emu.h&gt; // </span>Э������ͷ�ļ���������ʱʵ���ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>387</span>�Ĵ���������ȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/math_emu.h&gt; // </span>协处理器头文件。定义临时实数结构和<span lang=EN-US>387</span>寄存器操作宏等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>c</span>ָ�봦��<span
-lang=EN-US>16</span>�ֽ�ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>λ����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把<span lang=EN-US>c</span>指针处的<span
+lang=EN-US>16</span>字节值左移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>位（乘<span lang=EN-US>2</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>shift</span></u>(int * c)</span></p>
@@ -53679,8 +53679,8 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;movl (%0),%%eax ; addl %%eax,(%0)\n\t&quot;</i></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 2</span>����ʱʵ����ˣ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>c</span>ָ�봦��<span lang=EN-US>16</span>�ֽڣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 2</span>个临时实数相乘，结果放在<span
+lang=EN-US>c</span>指针处（<span lang=EN-US>16</span>字节）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>mul64</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -53754,12 +53754,12 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;movl (%0),%%eax\n\t&quot;</i></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���渡��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>FMUL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>仿真浮点指令<span
+lang=EN-US>FMUL</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱʵ��<span lang=EN-US>src1
-* scr2 </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US> result</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>临时实数<span lang=EN-US>src1
+* scr2 </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US> result</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>fmul</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -53777,12 +53777,12 @@ int tmp[4] = {0,0,0,0};</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȷ��������˵ķ��š�����ֵ�������߷���λ���ֵ��Ȼ�����˺��ָ��ֵ�����ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先确定两数相乘的符号。符号值等于两者符号位异或值。然后计算乘后的指数值。相乘时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��ֵ��Ҫ��ӡ���������ָ��ʹ��ƫִ����ʽ���棬��������ָ�����ʱƫ����Ҳ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指数值需要相加。但是由于指数使用偏执数格式保存，两个数的指数相加时偏置量也被加了</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Σ������Ҫ����һ��ƫ����ֵ����ʱʵ����ƫ������<span
-lang=EN-US>16383</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>两次，因此需要减掉一个偏置量值（临时实数的偏置量是<span
+lang=EN-US>16383</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 sign = (src1-&gt;exponent ^ src2-&gt;exponent) &amp; 0x8000;</span></p>
@@ -53791,10 +53791,10 @@ sign = (src1-&gt;exponent ^ src2-&gt;exponent) &amp; 0x8000;</span></p>
 i = (src1-&gt;exponent &amp; 0x7fff) + (src2-&gt;exponent &amp; 0x7fff) - 16383
 + 1;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ָ������˸�ֵ����ʾ������˺�������硣����ֱ�ӷ��ش����ŵ���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果结果指数变成了负值，表示两数相乘后产生下溢。于是直接返回带符号的零值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ָ������<span
-lang=EN-US>0x7fff</span>����ʾ�������磬��������״̬������쳣��־λ�������ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果结果指数大于<span
+lang=EN-US>0x7fff</span>，表示产生上溢，于是设置状态字溢出异常标志位，并返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (i&lt;0) {</span></p>
@@ -53824,15 +53824,15 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������β����˺�����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����Խ��β�����й�񻯴����������ƽ��β��ֵ��ʹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果两数尾数相乘后结果不为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则对结果尾数进行规格化处理。即左移结果尾数值，使得</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ЧλΪ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��ͬʱ��Ӧ�ص���ָ��ֵ�����������β����˺�<span lang=EN-US>16</span>�ֽڵĽ��β��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最高有效位为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。同时相应地调整指数值。如果两数的尾数相乘后<span lang=EN-US>16</span>字节的结果尾数为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ҳ����ָ��ֵΪ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��������˽����������ʱʵ������<span lang=EN-US>result</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则也设置指数值为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。最后把相乘结果保存在临时实数变量<span lang=EN-US>result</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>mul64</span></u>(src1,src2,tmp);</span></p>
@@ -53888,7 +53888,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448008"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447412"><span lang=EN-US>11.9 </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>11-9 linux/kernel/math/div.c</span></a></h2>
+黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>11-9 linux/kernel/math/div.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -53920,12 +53920,12 @@ temporary real division routine.</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/math_emu.h&gt; // </span>Э������ͷ�ļ���������ʱʵ���ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>387</span>�Ĵ���������ȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/math_emu.h&gt; // </span>协处理器头文件。定义临时实数结构和<span lang=EN-US>387</span>寄存器操作宏等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>c</span>ָ���<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽ�����������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将指针<span lang=EN-US>c</span>指向的<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>字节中内容左移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>shift_left</span></u>(int * c)</span></p>
@@ -53951,8 +53951,8 @@ __asm__ __volatile__(<i>&quot;movl (%0),%%eax ; addl %%eax,(%0)\n\t&quot;</i></s
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>c</span>ָ���<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽ�����������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将指针<span lang=EN-US>c</span>指向的<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>字节中内容右移<span lang=EN-US>1</span>位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>shift_right</span></u>(int * c)</span></p>
@@ -53970,15 +53970,15 @@ $1,(%0)&quot;</i></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>减法运算。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 16</span>�ֽڼ������㣬<span
-lang=EN-US>a - b </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US> a</span>���������Ƿ��н�λ��<span lang=EN-US>CF=1</span>������<span lang=EN-US>ok</span>�����޽�λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>CF=0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 16</span>字节减法运算，<span
+lang=EN-US>a - b </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US> a</span>。最后根据是否有借位（<span lang=EN-US>CF=1</span>）设置<span lang=EN-US>ok</span>。若无借位（<span
+lang=EN-US>CF=0</span>）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ok =
-1</span>������<span lang=EN-US>ok=0</span>�� </p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则<span lang=EN-US>ok =
+1</span>。否则<span lang=EN-US>ok=0</span>。 </p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>try_sub</span></u>(int * a, int * b)</span></p>
@@ -54014,11 +54014,11 @@ return ok;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 16</span>�ֽڳ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 16</span>字节除法。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���� <span lang=EN-US>a
-/b </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US> c</span>�����ü���ģ����ֽڳ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数 <span lang=EN-US>a
+/b </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US> c</span>。利用减法模拟多字节除法。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>div64</span></u>(int * a, int * b, int *
@@ -54086,8 +54086,8 @@ a[2] = tmp[2]; a[3] = tmp[3];</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���渡��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>FDIV</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>仿真浮点指令<span
+lang=EN-US>FDIV</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>fdiv</span></u>(const <u><span
@@ -54258,12 +54258,12 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<h1><a name="_Toc493448009"></a><a name="_Toc493447413"><span lang=EN-US>��12�� </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ļ�ϵͳ����</span></a></h1>
+<h1><a name="_Toc493448009"></a><a name="_Toc493447413"><span lang=EN-US>第12章 </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>文件系统程序</span></a></h1>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448010"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447414"></a><a name="_Toc53320636"><span lang=EN-US>12.1 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12-1 linux/fs/buffer.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>12-1 linux/fs/buffer.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -54306,14 +54306,14 @@ sleep-on-calls. These should be extremely quick, though (I hope).</i></b></span>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'buffer.c'</span>����ʵ�ֻ��������ٻ��湦�ܡ�ͨ�������жϴ������̸ı仺�����������õ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'buffer.c'</span>用于实现缓冲区高速缓存功能。通过不让中断处理过程改变缓冲区，而是让调</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������ִ�У������˾�����������Ȼ���ı��������⣩��ע�⣡�����жϿ��Ի���һ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>用者来执行，避免了竞争条件（当然除改变数据以外）。注意！由于中断可以唤醒一个调</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ߣ���˾���Ҫ�����ж�ָ�<span
-lang=EN-US>cli-sti</span>��������������ڵ��ö�˯�ߡ�����Ҫ�ǳ��ؿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>用者，因此就需要开关中断指令（<span
+lang=EN-US>cli-sti</span>）序列来检测由于调用而睡眠。但需要非常地快</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ϣ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>（我希望是这样）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -54334,68 +54334,68 @@ invalidate changed floppy-disk-caches.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�⣡��һ������Ӧ�����������������Ƿ�����������������Ƿ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意！有一个程序应不属于这里：检测软盘是否更换。但我想这里是放置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ó�����õĵط��ˣ���Ϊ����Ҫʹ�Ѹ������̻���ʧЧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该程序最好的地方了，因为它需要使已更换软盘缓冲失效。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
-#include &lt;stdarg.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��׼����ͷ�ļ����Ժ����ʽ������������б�����Ҫ˵����<span
-lang=EN-US>-</span>��</p>
+#include &lt;stdarg.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标准参数头文件。以宏的形式定义变量参数列表。主要说明了<span
+lang=EN-US>-</span>个</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>(va_list)</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>(va_start,
-va_arg</span>��<span lang=EN-US>va_end)</span>������</p>
+// </span>类型<span lang=EN-US>(va_list)</span>和三个宏<span lang=EN-US>(va_start,
+va_arg</span>和<span lang=EN-US>va_end)</span>，用于</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// vsprintf</span>��<span lang=EN-US>vprintf</span>��<span lang=EN-US>vfprintf</span>������</p>
+// vsprintf</span>、<span lang=EN-US>vprintf</span>、<span lang=EN-US>vfprintf</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>&nbsp;
 </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/config.h&gt; // </span>�ں�����ͷ�ļ�������������Ժ�Ӳ�����ͣ�<span lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>����ѡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/config.h&gt; // </span>内核配置头文件。定义键盘语言和硬盘类型（<span lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>）可选项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ݣ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的数据，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����һЩ�й��������������úͻ�ȡ��Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ������䡣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>还有一些有关描述符参数设置和获取的嵌入式汇编函数宏语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ������������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵȵ�Ƕ����ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义了设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等的嵌入汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // io</span>ͷ�ļ�������Ӳ���˿�����<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>���������䡣</p>
+#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // io</span>头文件。定义硬件端口输入<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>输出宏汇编语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>end</span>���ɱ���ʱ�����ӳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ld</span>���ɣ����ڱ����ں˴����ĩ�ˣ���ָ���ں�ģ��ĩ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>变量<span lang=EN-US>end</span>是由编译时的连接程序<span
+lang=EN-US>ld</span>生成，用于表明内核代码的末端，即指明内核模块末端</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ�ã��μ�<b>����<span lang=EN-US>!</span>δ�ҵ�����Դ��</b>��Ҳ���Դӱ����ں�ʱ���ɵ� <span lang=EN-US>System.map</span>�ļ��в����������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位置，参见<b>错误<span lang=EN-US>!</span>未找到引用源。</b>。也可以从编译内核时生成的 <span lang=EN-US>System.map</span>文件中查出。这里用它来表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ٻ�������ʼ���ں˴���ĩ��λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>明高速缓冲区开始于内核代码末端位置。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>33</span>���ϵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>buffer_wait</span>�����ǵȴ����л�����˯�ߵ��������ͷָ�롣���뻺���ͷ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>33</span>行上的<span
+lang=EN-US>buffer_wait</span>变量是等待空闲缓冲块而睡眠的任务队列头指针。它与缓冲块头</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>b_wait</span>ָ������ò�ͬ������������һ����������������ϵͳȱ�����ÿ��л�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>部结构中<span lang=EN-US>b_wait</span>指针的作用不同。当任务申请一个缓冲块而正好遇到系统缺乏可用空闲缓</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ʱ����ǰ����ͻᱻ���ӵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>buffer_wait</span>˯�ߵȴ������С���<span lang=EN-US>b_wait</span>����ר�Ź��ȴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>冲块时，当前任务就会被添加到<span
+lang=EN-US>buffer_wait</span>睡眠等待队列中。而<span lang=EN-US>b_wait</span>则是专门供等待</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ������飨��<span
-lang=EN-US>b_wait</span>��Ӧ�Ļ���飩������ʹ�õĵȴ�����ͷָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指定缓冲块（即<span
+lang=EN-US>b_wait</span>对应的缓冲块）的任务使用的等待队列头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>end</span></u>;</span></p>
@@ -54408,60 +54408,60 @@ blue'>buffer_head</span></u> *) &amp;<u><span style='color:blue'>end</span></u>;
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>hash_table</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_HASH</span></u>];&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// NR_HASH = 307</span>�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// NR_HASH = 307</span>项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>free_list</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���л��������ͷָ�롣</p>
+// </span>空闲缓冲块链表头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>buffer_wait</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ȴ����л�����˯�ߵ�������С�</p>
+// </span>等待空闲缓冲块而睡眠的任务队列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���涨��ϵͳ�������к��еĻ������������<span
-lang=EN-US>NR_BUFFERS</span>��һ��������<span lang=EN-US>linux/fs.h</span>ͷ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面定义系统缓冲区中含有的缓冲块个数。这里，<span
+lang=EN-US>NR_BUFFERS</span>是一个定义在<span lang=EN-US>linux/fs.h</span>头</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>48</span>�еĺ꣬��ֵ���Ǳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>nr_buffers</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>fs.h</span>�ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>172</span>������Ϊȫ�ֱ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件第<span lang=EN-US>48</span>行的宏，其值即是变量名<span
+lang=EN-US>nr_buffers</span>，并且在<span lang=EN-US>fs.h</span>文件第<span
+lang=EN-US>172</span>行声明为全局变量。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��д����ͨ������һ�������ƣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>Linus</span>������д������Ϊ�����������д�����������ر�ʾ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>大写名称通常都是一个宏名称，<span
+lang=EN-US>Linus</span>这样编写代码是为了利用这个大写名称来隐含地表示</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // nr_buffers</span>��һ�����ں˳�ʼ��֮���ٸı�ġ��������������ڳ�ʼ������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // nr_buffers</span>是一个在内核初始化之后不再改变的“常量”。它将在初始化函数<span
 lang=EN-US>buffer_init()</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�б����ã���<span
-lang=EN-US>371</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中被设置（第<span
+lang=EN-US>371</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_BUFFERS</span></u> =
 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>ϵͳ���л���������</p>
+</span>系统含有缓冲块个数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ȴ�ָ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>等待指定缓冲块解锁。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ָ���Ļ����<span
-lang=EN-US>bh</span>�Ѿ��������ý��̲����жϵ�˯���ڸû����ĵȴ�����<span lang=EN-US>b_wait</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果指定的缓冲块<span
+lang=EN-US>bh</span>已经上锁就让进程不可中断地睡眠在该缓冲块的等待队列<span lang=EN-US>b_wait</span>中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڻ�������ʱ����ȴ������ϵ����н��̽������ѡ���Ȼ���ڹر��жϣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>cli</span>��֮��ȥ˯</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在缓冲块解锁时，其等待队列上的所有进程将被唤醒。虽然是在关闭中断（<span
+lang=EN-US>cli</span>）之后去睡</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ߵģ���������������Ӱ����������������������Ӧ�жϡ���Ϊÿ�����̶����Լ���<span
-lang=EN-US>TSS</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>眠的，但这样做并不会影响在其他进程上下文中响应中断。因为每个进程都在自己的<span
+lang=EN-US>TSS</span>段</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�б����˱�־�Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>EFLAGS</span>��ֵ�������ڽ����л�ʱ<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>�е�ǰ<span
-lang=EN-US>EFLAGS</span>��ֵҲ��֮�ı䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中保存了标志寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>EFLAGS</span>的值，所以在进程切换时<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>中当前<span
+lang=EN-US>EFLAGS</span>的值也随之改变。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>sleep_on()</span>����˯��״̬�Ľ�����Ҫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>wake_up()</span>��ȷ�ػ��ѡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>使用<span lang=EN-US>sleep_on()</span>进入睡眠状态的进程需要用<span
+lang=EN-US>wake_up()</span>明确地唤醒。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>
 static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>wait_on_buffer</span></u>(struct
@@ -54471,28 +54471,28 @@ static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>wait_on_buffer</span></u>(struct
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>cli</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���жϡ�</p>
+// </span>关中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while (bh-&gt;b_lock)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ѱ���������̽���˯�ߣ��ȴ��������</p>
+// </span>如果已被上锁则进程进入睡眠，等待其解锁。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sleep_on</span></u>(&amp;bh-&gt;b_wait);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sti</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���жϡ�</p>
+// </span>开中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;//// </span>�豸����ͬ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;//// </span>设备数据同步。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͬ���豸���ڴ���ٻ��������ݡ����У�<span
-lang=EN-US>sync_inodes()</span>������<span lang=EN-US>inode.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>59</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>同步设备和内存高速缓冲中数据。其中，<span
+lang=EN-US>sync_inodes()</span>定义在<span lang=EN-US>inode.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>59</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_sync</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -54507,12 +54507,12 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * bh;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȵ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ͬ�����������ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���������޸Ĺ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�д����ٻ����С�Ȼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先调用<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点同步函数，把内存<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表中所有修改过的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点写入高速缓冲中。然后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɨ�����и��ٻ����������ѱ��޸ĵĻ�������д�����󣬽�����������д�����У�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扫描所有高速缓冲区，对已被修改的缓冲块产生写盘请求，将缓冲中数据写入盘中，做到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ٻ����е��������豸�е�ͬ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>高速缓冲中的数据与设备中的同步。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sync_inodes</span></u>(); &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/*
@@ -54520,21 +54520,21 @@ write out inodes into buffers */</i></b> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bh = <u><span style='color:blue'>start_buffer</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// bh</span>ָ�򻺳�����ʼ����</p>
+// bh</span>指向缓冲区开始处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for (i=0 ; i&lt;<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_BUFFERS</span></u> ; i++,bh++) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>wait_on_buffer</span></u>(bh);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ȴ�����������������������Ļ�����</p>
+// </span>等待缓冲区解锁（如果已上锁的话）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (bh-&gt;b_dirt)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>ll_rw_block</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>WRITE</span></u>,bh);&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����д�豸������</p>
+// </span>产生写设备块请求。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
@@ -54546,15 +54546,15 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ָ���豸���и��ٻ����������豸�����ݵ�ͬ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>对指定设备进行高速缓冲数据与设备上数据的同步操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú��������������ٻ����������л���顣����ָ���豸<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>�Ļ���飬���������ѱ��޸�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先搜索高速缓冲区中所有缓冲块。对于指定设备<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>的缓冲块，若其数据已被修改</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����д�����У�ͬ����������Ȼ����ڴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������д����ٻ����С�֮���ٶ�ָ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>过就写入盘中（同步操作）。然后把内存中<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表数据写入高速缓冲中。之后再对指定设</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>ִ��һ����������ͬ��д�̲�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>备<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>执行一次与上述相同的写盘操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sync_dev</span></u>(int dev)</span></p>
@@ -54569,22 +54569,22 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * bh;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȶԲ���ָ�����豸ִ������ͬ�����������豸�ϵ���������ٻ������е�����ͬ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先对参数指定的设备执行数据同步操作，让设备上的数据与高速缓冲区中的数据同步。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>������ɨ����ٻ����������л���飬��ָ���豸<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>�Ļ���飬�ȼ�����Ƿ��ѱ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>方法是扫描高速缓冲区中所有缓冲块，对指定设备<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>的缓冲块，先检测其是否已被上锁，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���ѱ�������˯�ߵȴ��������Ȼ�����ж�һ�θû�����Ƿ���ָ���豸�Ļ���鲢��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>若已被上锁就睡眠等待其解锁。然后再判断一次该缓冲块是否还是指定设备的缓冲块并且</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���޸Ĺ���<span lang=EN-US>b_dirt</span>��־��λ�������ǾͶ���ִ��д�̲�������Ϊ������˯���ڼ�û����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>已修改过（<span lang=EN-US>b_dirt</span>标志置位），若是就对其执行写盘操作。因为在我们睡眠期间该缓冲块</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�п����ѱ��ͷŻ��߱�Ų�����ã������ڼ���ִ��ǰ��Ҫ�ٴ��ж�һ�¸û�����Ƿ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>有可能已被释放或者被挪作它用，所以在继续执行前需要再次判断一下该缓冲块是否还是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ָ���豸�Ļ���飬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>指定设备的缓冲块，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bh = <u><span style='color:blue'>start_buffer</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// bh</span>ָ�򻺳�����ʼ����</p>
+// bh</span>指向缓冲区开始处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for (i=0 ; i&lt;<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_BUFFERS</span></u> ; i++,bh++) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -54592,14 +54592,14 @@ for (i=0 ; i&lt;<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_BUFFERS</span></u> ; i++,bh++) {&
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (bh-&gt;b_dev != dev)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����豸<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>�Ļ�����������</p>
+// </span>不是设备<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>的缓冲块则继续。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 continue;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>wait_on_buffer</span></u>(bh);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ȴ�����������������������Ļ�����</p>
+// </span>等待缓冲区解锁（如果已上锁的话）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if (bh-&gt;b_dev == dev &amp;&amp;
@@ -54611,21 +54611,21 @@ bh-&gt;b_dirt)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ٽ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����д����ٻ��塣��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��<span lang=EN-US style='color:#333333'>inode_table</span><span
-style='color:#333333'>�е�<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>�뻺���е���Ϣͬ����</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再将<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点数据写入高速缓冲。让<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表<span lang=EN-US style='color:#333333'>inode_table</span><span
+style='color:#333333'>中的<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>与缓冲中的信息同步。</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sync_inodes</span></u>();</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���ڸ��ٻ����е����ݸ���֮���ٰ��������豸�е�����ͬ���������������ͬ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后在高速缓冲中的数据更新之后，再把它们与设备中的数据同步。这里采用两遍同步操作</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ������ں�ִ��Ч�ʡ���һ�黺����ͬ�������������ں������ࡰ��顱��ɾ���ʹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是为了提高内核执行效率。第一遍缓冲区同步操作可以让内核中许多“脏块”变干净，使得</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ��ͬ�������ܹ���Чִ�С����λ�����ͬ�����������Щ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ͬ���������ֱ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点的同步操作能够高效执行。本次缓冲区同步操作则把那些由于<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点同步操作而又变</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ļ�������豸������ͬ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>脏的缓冲块与设备中数据同步。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bh = <u><span style='color:blue'>start_buffer</span></u>;</span></p>
@@ -54658,10 +54658,10 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ʹָ���豸�ڸ��ٻ������е�������Ч��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>使指定设备在高速缓冲区中的数据无效。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɨ����ٻ����������л���顣��ָ���豸�Ļ���鸴λ����Ч<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��־�����޸ı�־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扫描高速缓冲区中所有缓冲块。对指定设备的缓冲块复位其有效<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>更新<span lang=EN-US>)</span>标志和已修改标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>
 void inline <u><span style='color:blue'>invalidate_buffers</span></u>(int dev)</span></p>
@@ -54684,17 +54684,17 @@ for (i=0 ; i&lt;<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_BUFFERS</span></u> ; i++,bh++) {<
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (bh-&gt;b_dev != dev)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�������ָ���豸�Ļ���飬��</p>
+</span>如果不是指定设备的缓冲块，则</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 continue;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ɨ����һ�顣</p>
+// </span>继续扫描下一块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>wait_on_buffer</span></u>(bh);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ȴ��û���������������ѱ���������</p>
+// </span>等待该缓冲区解锁（如果已被上锁）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڽ���ִ�й�˯�ߵȴ���������Ҫ���ж�һ�»������Ƿ���ָ���豸�ġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>由于进程执行过睡眠等待，所以需要再判断一下缓冲区是否是指定设备的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (bh-&gt;b_dev == dev)</span></p>
@@ -54762,26 +54762,26 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ӳ�����һ�������Ƿ��ѱ�����������Ѿ�������ʹ���ٻ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该子程序检查一个软盘是否已被更换，如果已经更换就使高速缓冲中与该软驱</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Ӧ�����л�������Ч�����ӳ��������˵��������������Ҫ������ʹ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>对应的所有缓冲区无效。该子程序相对来说较慢，所以我们要尽量少使用它。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���Խ���ִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>'mount'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'open'</span>ʱ�ŵ��������������ǽ��ٶȺ�ʵ�������ϵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>所以仅在执行<span
+lang=EN-US>'mount'</span>或<span lang=EN-US>'open'</span>时才调用它。我想这是将速度和实用性相结合的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��÷��������ڲ��������и������̣��ͻᵼ�����ݵĶ�ʧ�����Ǿ�����ȡ<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>最好方法。若在操作过程中更换软盘，就会导致数据的丢失。这是咎由自取<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�⣡����Ŀǰ���ӳ�����������̣��Ժ��κο��ƶ����ʵĿ��豸����ʹ�ø�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意！尽管目前该子程序仅用于软盘，以后任何可移动介质的块设备都将使用该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>mount/open</span>��������Ҫ֪�������̻�������ʲô������ʡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>程序，<span
+lang=EN-US>mount/open</span>操作不需要知道是软盘还是其他什么特殊介质。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�������Ƿ����������Ѹ�����ʹ��Ӧ���ٻ�������Ч��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>检查磁盘是否更换，如果已更换就使对应高速缓冲区无效。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>check_disk_change</span></u>(int
@@ -54796,11 +54796,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ��һ���ǲ��������豸����Ϊ���ڽ�֧�����̿��ƶ����ʡ�����������˳���Ȼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检测一下是不是软盘设备。因为现在仅支持软盘可移动介质。如果不是则退出。然后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������Ƿ��Ѹ��������û�����˳���<span
-lang=EN-US>floppy_change()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>blk_drv/floppy.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>139</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>测试软盘是否已更换，如果没有则退出。<span
+lang=EN-US>floppy_change()</span>在<span lang=EN-US>blk_drv/floppy.c</span>第<span
+lang=EN-US>139</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -54818,10 +54818,10 @@ style='color:blue'>floppy_change</span></u>(dev &amp; 0x03))</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ѿ������������ͷŶ�Ӧ�豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ���߼���λͼ��ռ�ĸ��ٻ���������ʹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>软盘已经更换，所以释放对应设备的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图和逻辑块位图所占的高速缓冲区；并使该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�豸��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����ݿ���Ϣ��ռ��ĸ��ٻ������Ч��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设备的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和数据块信息所占踞的高速缓冲块无效。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>121</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0 ; i&lt;<u><span
@@ -54849,26 +54849,26 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>127</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������д�����<span
-lang=EN-US>hash</span>��ɢ�У����������<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>����ļ���ꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面两行代码是<span
+lang=EN-US>hash</span>（散列）函数定义和<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>表项的计算宏。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // hash</span>������Ҫ�����Ǽ��ٲ��ұȽ�Ԫ�������ѵ�ʱ�䡣ͨ����Ԫ�صĴ洢λ����ؼ���֮��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // hash</span>表的主要作用是减少查找比较元素所花费的时间。通过在元素的存储位置与关键字之间</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һ����Ӧ��ϵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>hash</span>�����������ǾͿ���ֱ��ͨ�������������̲�ѯ��ָ����Ԫ�ء���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>建立一个对应关系（<span
+lang=EN-US>hash</span>函数），我们就可以直接通过函数计算立刻查询到指定的元素。建</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>������ָ��������Ҫ�Ǿ���ȷ��ɢ�е��κ�������ĸ��ʻ�����ȡ����������ķ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>立<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>函数的指导条件主要是尽量确保散列到任何数组项的概率基本相等。建立函数的方法</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж��֣�����<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux 0.12</span>��Ҫ�����˹ؼ��ֳ�������������Ϊ����Ѱ�ҵĻ����������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有多种，这里<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux 0.12</span>主要采用了关键字除留余数法。因为我们寻找的缓冲块有两个条件，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸��<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>�ͻ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>�������Ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>�����϶���Ҫ�����������ؼ�ֵ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即设备号<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>和缓冲块号<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>，因此设计的<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>函数肯定需要包含这两个关键值。这里两个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ؼ��ֵ�������ֻ�Ǽ���ؼ�ֵ��һ�ַ������ٶԹؼ�ֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>MOD</span>����Ϳ��Ա�֤��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>关键字的异或操作只是计算关键值的一种方法。再对关键值进行<span
+lang=EN-US>MOD</span>运算就可以保证函数所计</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��õ���ֵ�����ں��������Χ�ڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>算得到的值都处于函数数组项范围内。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>128</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_hashfn</span></u>(dev,block)
@@ -54881,9 +54881,9 @@ style='color:blue'>hash_table</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>_hashfn</sp
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>���кͿ��л�����������߻���顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>从<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>队列和空闲缓冲队列中移走缓冲块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // hash</span>������˫�������ṹ�����л���������˫��ѭ�������ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // hash</span>队列是双向链表结构，空闲缓冲块队列是双向循环链表结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>131</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>remove_from_queues</span></u>(struct
@@ -54895,7 +54895,7 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* remove from hash-queue */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>��<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>�������Ƴ������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>从<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>队列中移除缓冲块<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
@@ -54912,8 +54912,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (bh-&gt;b_prev)</
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bh-&gt;b_prev-&gt;b_next = bh-&gt;b_next;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����û������Ǹö��е�ͷһ���飬����<span
-lang=EN-US>hash</span>���Ķ�Ӧ��ָ�򱾶����е���һ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该缓冲区是该队列的头一个块，则让<span
+lang=EN-US>hash</span>表的对应项指向本队列中的下一个缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -54927,7 +54927,7 @@ bh-&gt;b_next;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* remove from free list */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�ӿ��л��������Ƴ������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>从空闲缓冲块表中移除缓冲块<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
@@ -54947,7 +54947,7 @@ bh-&gt;b_prev_free-&gt;b_next_free = bh-&gt;b_next_free;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bh-&gt;b_next_free-&gt;b_prev_free = bh-&gt;b_prev_free;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������ͷָ�򱾻�������������ָ����һ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果空闲链表头指向本缓冲区，则让其指向下一缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>145</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -54963,8 +54963,8 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����������������β����ͬʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>hash</span>�����С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>将缓冲块插入空闲链表尾部，同时放入<span
+lang=EN-US>hash</span>队列中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>insert_into_queues</span></u>(struct
@@ -54976,7 +54976,7 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>151</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* put at end of free list */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���ڿ�������ĩβ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>放在空闲链表末尾处<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
@@ -54998,22 +54998,22 @@ style='color:blue'>free_list</span></u>-&gt;b_prev_free = bh;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* put the buffer in new hash-queue if it has a device */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����û�����Ӧһ���豸�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>hash</span>������<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>如果该缓冲块对应一个设备，则将其插入新<span
+lang=EN-US>hash</span>队列中<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ע�⵱<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>��ĳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�β�����ʱ��<span lang=EN-US>hash()</span>����ֵ�϶�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>����˴�ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>161</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>请注意当<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>表某项第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>次插入项时，<span lang=EN-US>hash()</span>计算值肯定为<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，因此此时第<span
+lang=EN-US>161</span>行上</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�õ���<span lang=EN-US>bh-&gt;b_next</span>�϶���<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�����Ե�<span lang=EN-US>163</span>����Ӧ����<span lang=EN-US>bh-&gt;b_next</span>��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>ʱ���ܸ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>得到的<span lang=EN-US>bh-&gt;b_next</span>肯定是<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，所以第<span lang=EN-US>163</span>行上应该在<span lang=EN-US>bh-&gt;b_next</span>不为<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>时才能给</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // b_prev</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>bh</span>ֵ������<span lang=EN-US>163</span>��ǰӦ�������жϡ�<span lang=EN-US>if
-(bh-&gt;b_next)</span>�����ô���<span lang=EN-US>0.96</span>���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // b_prev</span>赋<span
+lang=EN-US>bh</span>值。即第<span lang=EN-US>163</span>行前应该增加判断“<span lang=EN-US>if
+(bh-&gt;b_next)</span>”。该错误到<span lang=EN-US>0.96</span>版后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ű�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>才被纠正。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh-&gt;b_prev = <u><span
@@ -55041,7 +55041,7 @@ style='color:blue'>hash</span></u>(bh-&gt;b_dev,bh-&gt;b_blocknr) = bh;</span></
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bh-&gt;b_next-&gt;b_prev = bh; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�˾�ǰӦ���ӡ�<span lang=EN-US>if (bh-&gt;b_next)</span>���жϡ�</p>
+</span>此句前应添加“<span lang=EN-US>if (bh-&gt;b_next)</span>”判断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -55049,10 +55049,10 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>���ڸ��ٻ�����Ѱ�Ҹ����豸��ָ����ŵĻ������顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>利用<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>表在高速缓冲中寻找给定设备和指定块号的缓冲区块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ҵ��򷵻ػ��������ָ�룬���򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果找到则返回缓冲区块的指针，否则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>166</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -55070,7 +55070,7 @@ style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * tmp;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>169</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>����Ѱ��ָ���豸�źͿ�ŵĻ���顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>搜索<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>表，寻找指定设备号和块号的缓冲块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (tmp = <u><span
@@ -55122,18 +55122,18 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����Ϊʲô���������ӵģ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>... </span>ԭ���Ǿ�����������������û�ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>代码为什么会是这样子的？我听见你问<span
+lang=EN-US>... </span>原因是竞争条件。由于我们没有对</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����������������������ڶ�ȡ�����е����ݣ�����ô�����ǣ����̣�˯��ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>缓冲块上锁（除非我们正在读取它们中的数据），那么当我们（进程）睡眠时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������ܻᷢ��һЩ���⣨����һ�������󽫵��¸û�����������Ŀǰ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>缓冲块可能会发生一些问题（例如一个读错误将导致该缓冲块出错）。目前</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������ʵ�����ǲ��ᷢ���ģ��������Ĵ����Ѿ�׼�����ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>这种情况实际上是不会发生的，但处理的代码已经准备好了。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>���ڸ��ٻ�������Ѱ��ָ���Ļ���顣���ҵ���Ըû�������������ؿ�ͷָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>利用<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>表在高速缓冲区中寻找指定的缓冲块。若找到则对该缓冲块上锁并返回块头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>183</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -55152,8 +55152,8 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>187</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (;;) {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڸ��ٻ�����Ѱ�Ҹ����豸��ָ����Ļ������飬���û���ҵ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在高速缓冲中寻找给定设备和指定块的缓冲区块，如果没有找到则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -55163,9 +55163,9 @@ if (!(bh=<u><span style='color:blue'>find_buffer</span></u>(dev,block)))</span><
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ըû�����������ü��������ȴ��û�������������ѱ������������ھ�����˯��״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对该缓冲块增加引用计数，并等待该缓冲块解锁（如果已被上锁）。由于经过了睡眠状态，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����б�Ҫ����֤�û�������ȷ�ԣ������ػ����ͷָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因此有必要再验证该缓冲块的正确性，并返回缓冲块头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -55183,7 +55183,7 @@ if (bh-&gt;b_dev == dev &amp;&amp; bh-&gt;b_blocknr == block)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return bh;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����˯��ʱ�û�����������豸�Ż��ŷ����˸ı䣬�������������ü���������Ѱ�ҡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果在睡眠时该缓冲块所属的设备号或块号发生了改变，则撤消对它的引用计数，重新寻找。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -55224,35 +55224,35 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>getblk</span>�������ú������߼������Ǻ�������ͬ��Ҳ����ΪҪ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>，下面是<span
+lang=EN-US>getblk</span>函数，该函数的逻辑并不是很清晰，同样也是因为要考虑</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����������⡣���д󲿷ִ�������õ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�����ظ��������<span lang=EN-US>)</span>�������Ӧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>竞争条件问题。其中大部分代码很少用到，<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>例如重复操作语句<span lang=EN-US>)</span>，因此它应该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ȿ���ȥ��������Ч�öࡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>比看上去的样子有效得多。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�㷨�Ѿ����˸ı䣺ϣ���ܸ��ã�����һ��������ĥ�Ĵ����Ѿ�ȥ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>算法已经作了改变：希望能更好，而且一个难以琢磨的错误已经去除。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ͬʱ�жϻ��������޸ı�־��������־�����Ҷ����޸ı�־��Ȩ��Ҫ��������־</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面宏用于同时判断缓冲区的修改标志和锁定标志，并且定义修改标志的权重要比锁定标志</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>大。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>BADNESS</span></u>(bh)
 (((bh)-&gt;b_dirt&lt;&lt;1)+(bh)-&gt;b_lock)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ȡ���ٻ�����ָ���Ļ���顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>取高速缓冲中指定的缓冲块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ָ�����豸�źͿ�ţ��Ļ������Ƿ��Ѿ��ڸ��ٻ����С����ָ�����Ѿ��ڸ��ٻ����У�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>检查指定（设备号和块号）的缓冲区是否已经在高速缓冲中。如果指定块已经在高速缓冲中，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�򷵻ض�Ӧ������ͷָ���˳���������ڣ�����Ҫ�ڸ��ٻ���������һ����Ӧ�豸�źͿ�ŵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则返回对应缓冲区头指针退出；如果不在，就需要在高速缓冲中设置一个对应设备号和块号的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������Ӧ������ͷָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>新项。返回相应缓冲区头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>206</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -55271,7 +55271,7 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>210</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> repeat:</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>�������ָ�����Ѿ��ڸ��ٻ����У��򷵻ض�Ӧ������ͷָ�룬�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>搜索<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>表，如果指定块已经在高速缓冲中，则返回对应缓冲区头指针，退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>211</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (bh = <u><span
@@ -55281,9 +55281,9 @@ style='color:blue'>get_hash_table</span></u>(dev,block))</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return bh;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɨ��������ݿ�������Ѱ�ҿ��л�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扫描空闲数据块链表，寻找空闲缓冲区。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>ָ����������ĵ�һ�����л�����ͷ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先让<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>指向空闲链表的第一个空闲缓冲区头。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; tmp = <u><span
@@ -55292,23 +55292,23 @@ style='color:blue'>free_list</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>214</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; do {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����û���������ʹ�ã����ü���������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���������ɨ����һ�����<span lang=EN-US>b_count=0</span>�Ŀ飬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该缓冲区正被使用（引用计数不等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>），则继续扫描下一项。对于<span lang=EN-US>b_count=0</span>的块，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ٻ����е�ǰû�����õĿ鲻һ�����Ǹɾ��ģ�<span
-lang=EN-US>b_dirt=0</span>����û�������ģ�<span lang=EN-US>b_lock=0</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即高速缓冲中当前没有引用的块不一定就是干净的（<span
+lang=EN-US>b_dirt=0</span>）或没有锁定的（<span lang=EN-US>b_lock=0</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ˣ����ǻ�����Ҫ����������жϺ�ѡ�����統һ�������д��һ�����ݺ���ͷ��ˣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因此，我们还是需要继续下面的判断和选择。例如当一个任务改写过一块内容后就释放了，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ǹÿ�<span lang=EN-US>b_count
-= 0</span>����<span lang=EN-US>b_lock</span>������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����һ������ִ�� <span
-lang=EN-US>breada()</span>Ԥ��������ʱ��ֻҪ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于是该块<span lang=EN-US>b_count
+= 0</span>，但<span lang=EN-US>b_lock</span>不等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>；当一个任务执行 <span
+lang=EN-US>breada()</span>预读几个块时，只要</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ll_rw_block()</span>����������ͻ�ݼ�<span
-lang=EN-US>b_count</span>������ʱʵ����Ӳ�̷��ʲ������ܻ��ڽ��У�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ll_rw_block()</span>命令发出后，它就会递减<span
+lang=EN-US>b_count</span>；但此时实际上硬盘访问操作可能还在进行，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��˴�ʱ<span lang=EN-US>b_lock=1</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>b_count=0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因此此时<span lang=EN-US>b_lock=1</span>，但<span
+lang=EN-US>b_count=0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>215</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -55317,17 +55317,17 @@ if (tmp-&gt;b_count)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>216</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;continue;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ͷָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>bh</span>Ϊ�գ�����<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>��ָ����ͷ�ı�־<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�޸ġ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>Ȩ��С��<span lang=EN-US>bh</span>ͷ��־��Ȩ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果缓冲头指针<span
+lang=EN-US>bh</span>为空，或者<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>所指缓冲头的标志<span lang=EN-US>(</span>修改、锁定<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>权重小于<span lang=EN-US>bh</span>头标志的权</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�أ�����<span lang=EN-US>bh</span>ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>tmp</span>�����ͷ�� �����<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>�����ͷ����������û���޸�Ҳû��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>重，则让<span lang=EN-US>bh</span>指向<span
+lang=EN-US>tmp</span>缓冲块头。 如果该<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>缓冲块头表明缓冲块既没有修改也没有锁定标</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>־��λ����˵����Ϊָ���豸�ϵĿ�ȡ�ö�Ӧ�ĸ��ٻ���飬���˳�ѭ�����������Ǿͼ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>志置位，则说明已为指定设备上的块取得对应的高速缓冲块，则退出循环。否则我们就继续</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�б�ѭ���������ܷ��ҵ�һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>BADNESS()</span>��С�Ļ���졣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行本循环，看看能否找到一个<span
+lang=EN-US>BADNESS()</span>最小的缓冲快。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>217</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -55352,18 +55352,18 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>222</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* and repeat until we find something good */</i></b>&nbsp;
-/* </span>�ظ�����ֱ���ҵ��ʺϵĻ����<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>重复操作直到找到适合的缓冲块<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>223</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } while ((tmp =
 tmp-&gt;b_next_free) != <u><span style='color:blue'>free_list</span></u>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ѭ����鷢�����л���鶼���ڱ�ʹ�ã����л�����ͷ�����ü�����<span
-lang=EN-US>&gt;0</span>���У���˯��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果循环检查发现所有缓冲块都正在被使用（所有缓冲块的头部引用计数都<span
+lang=EN-US>&gt;0</span>）中，则睡眠</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ��п��л������á����п��л�������ʱ�����̻ᱻ��ȷ�ػ��ѡ�Ȼ�����Ǿ���ת��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待有空闲缓冲块可用。当有空闲缓冲块可用时本进程会被明确地唤醒。然后我们就跳转到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʼ�����²��ҿ��л���顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数开始处重新查找空闲缓冲块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>224</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!bh) {</span></p>
@@ -55376,16 +55376,16 @@ blue'>buffer_wait</span></u>);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>226</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 goto repeat;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ת��<span lang=EN-US>210</span>�С�</p>
+// </span>跳转至<span lang=EN-US>210</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>227</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�е����˵�������Ѿ��ҵ���һ���Ƚ��ʺϵĿ��л�����ˡ������ȵȴ��û���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行到这里，说明我们已经找到了一个比较适合的空闲缓冲块了。于是先等待该缓冲区解锁</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //</span>������ѱ������Ļ��������������˯�߽׶θû������ֱ���������ʹ�õĻ���ֻ���ظ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //</span>（如果已被上锁的话）。如果在我们睡眠阶段该缓冲区又被其他任务使用的话，只好重复上述</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ѱ�ҹ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>寻找过程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -55393,15 +55393,15 @@ style='color:blue'>wait_on_buffer</span></u>(bh);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>229</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (bh-&gt;b_count)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ֱ�ռ�ã���</p>
+// </span>又被占用？？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>230</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;goto
 repeat;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����û������ѱ��޸ģ�������д�̣����ٴεȴ�������������ͬ���أ����û������ֱ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该缓冲区已被修改，则将数据写盘，并再次等待缓冲区解锁。同样地，若该缓冲区又被</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ʹ�õĻ���ֻ�����ظ�����Ѱ�ҹ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其他任务使用的话，只好再重复上述寻找过程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>231</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while
@@ -55418,7 +55418,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>234</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (bh-&gt;b_count)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ֱ�ռ�ã���</p>
+// </span>又被占用？？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>235</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -55435,15 +55435,15 @@ else might */</i></b></span></p>
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* already have added &quot;this&quot; block to the cache.
 check it */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ע�⣡��������Ϊ�˵ȴ��û�����˯��ʱ���������̿����Ѿ����û����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>注意！！当进程为了等待该缓冲块而睡眠时，其他进程可能已经将该缓冲块<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��������ٻ����У���������ҲҪ�Դ˽��м�顣<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>加入进高速缓冲中，所以我们也要对此进行检查。<span
 lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڸ��ٻ���<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>���м��ָ���豸�Ϳ�Ļ�����Ƿ������˯��֮���Ѿ��������ȥ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在高速缓冲<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>表中检查指定设备和块的缓冲块是否乘我们睡眠之即已经被加入进去。如果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ǵĻ������ٴ��ظ�����Ѱ�ҹ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是的话，就再次重复上述寻找过程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>239</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -55461,14 +55461,14 @@ it's kind, */</i></b></span></p>
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* and that it's unused (b_count=0), unlocked (b_lock=0), and
 clean */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* OK</span>����������֪���û������ָ��������Ψһһ�飬����Ŀǰ��û�б�ռ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* OK</span>，最终我们知道该缓冲块是指定参数的唯一一块，而且目前还没有被占用<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* (b_count=0)</span>��Ҳδ������<span
-lang=EN-US>(b_lock=0)</span>�������Ǹɾ��ģ�δ���޸ĵģ�<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* (b_count=0)</span>，也未被上锁<span
+lang=EN-US>(b_lock=0)</span>，并且是干净的（未被修改的）<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ռ�ô˻���顣�����ü���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����λ�޸ı�־����Ч<span lang=EN-US>(</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于是让我们占用此缓冲块。置引用计数为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，复位修改标志和有效<span lang=EN-US>(</span>更新<span lang=EN-US>)</span>标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>243</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh-&gt;b_count=1;</span></p>
@@ -55480,12 +55480,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bh-&gt;b_dirt=0;</sp
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bh-&gt;b_uptodate=0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>���кͿ��п��������Ƴ��û�����ͷ���øû���������ָ���豸�����ϵ�ָ���顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>队列和空闲块链表中移出该缓冲区头，让该缓冲区用于指定设备和其上的指定块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����ݴ��µ��豸�źͿ�����²������������<span
-lang=EN-US>hash</span>������λ�ô��������շ��ػ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后根据此新的设备号和块号重新插入空闲链表和<span
+lang=EN-US>hash</span>队列新位置处。并最终返回缓冲</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͷָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>246</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -55511,10 +55511,10 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>252</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ͷ�ָ������顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>释放指定缓冲块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ��û���������Ȼ�����ü����ݼ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������ȷ�ػ��ѵȴ����л����Ľ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待该缓冲块解锁。然后引用计数递减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，并明确地唤醒等待空闲缓冲块的进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>253</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>brelse</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -55526,7 +55526,7 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>255</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!<u><span
 style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ͷָ����Ч�򷵻ء�</p>
+// </span>如果缓冲头指针无效则返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>256</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -55570,21 +55570,21 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���豸�϶�ȡָ�������ݿ鲢���غ������ݵĻ����������ָ���Ŀ鲻����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>从设备上读取指定的数据块并返回含有数据的缓冲区。如果指定的块不存在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���豸�϶�ȡ���ݿ顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>从设备上读取数据块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�������ָ�����豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>�����ݿ��<span lang=EN-US>block</span>�������ڸ��ٻ�����������һ�黺��顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数根据指定的设备号<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>和数据块号<span lang=EN-US>block</span>，首先在高速缓冲区中申请一块缓冲块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����û�������Ѿ���������Ч�����ݾ�ֱ�ӷ��ظû����ָ�룬����ʹ��豸�ж�ȡ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该缓冲块中已经包含有有效的数据就直接返回该缓冲块指针，否则就从设备中读取</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ�������ݿ鵽�û�����в����ػ����ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指定的数据块到该缓冲块中并返回缓冲块指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>267</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -55600,12 +55600,12 @@ style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * bh;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>270</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڸ��ٻ�����������һ�黺��顣�������ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�����ʾ�ں˳�����ͣ����Ȼ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在高速缓冲区中申请一块缓冲块。如果返回值是<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，则表示内核出错，停机。然后我们</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж������Ƿ����п������ݡ� ����û��������������Ч�ģ��Ѹ��µģ�����ֱ��ʹ�ã�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断其中是否已有可用数据。 如果该缓冲块中数据是有效的（已更新的）可以直接使用，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�򷵻ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>271</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(bh=<u><span
@@ -55624,13 +55624,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return bh;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ǿ͵��õײ���豸��д<span
-lang=EN-US>ll_rw_block()</span>�������������豸������Ȼ��ȴ�ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则我们就调用底层块设备读写<span
+lang=EN-US>ll_rw_block()</span>函数，产生读设备块请求。然后等待指定</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݿ鱻���룬���ȴ���������������˯������֮������û������Ѹ��£��򷵻ػ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数据块被读入，并等待缓冲区解锁。在睡眠醒来之后，如果该缓冲区已更新，则返回缓冲</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ͷָ�룬�˳�������������豸����ʧ�ܣ������ͷŸû�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>区头指针，退出。否则表明读设备操作失败，于是释放该缓冲区，返回<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>275</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -55662,10 +55662,10 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>282</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ڴ�顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>复制内存块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>from</span>��ַ����һ�飨<span
-lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽڣ����ݵ�<span lang=EN-US>to</span>λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从<span lang=EN-US>from</span>地址复制一块（<span
+lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节）数据到<span lang=EN-US>to</span>位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>283</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>COPYBLK</span></u>(from,to) \</span></p>
@@ -55715,22 +55715,22 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * bread_page</span>һ�ζ��ĸ���������ݶ����ڴ�ָ���ĵ�ַ��������һ�������ĺ�����
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * bread_page</span>一次读四个缓冲块数据读到内存指定的地址处。它是一个完整的函数，
 </p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Ϊͬʱ��ȡ�Ŀ���Ի���ٶ��ϵĺô������õ��Ŷ�һ�飬�ٶ�һ���ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>因为同时读取四块可以获得速度上的好处，不用等着读一块，再读一块了。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���豸��һ��ҳ�棨<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>������飩�����ݵ�ָ���ڴ��ַ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>读设备上一个页面（<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>个缓冲块）的内容到指定内存地址处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>address</span>�Ǳ���ҳ�����ݵĵ�ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>��ָ�����豸�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>b[4]</span>�Ǻ���<span lang=EN-US>4</span>���豸���ݿ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>address</span>是保存页面数据的地址；<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>是指定的设备号；<span lang=EN-US>b[4]</span>是含有<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个设备数据块号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����顣�ú���������<span
-lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c</span>�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>do_no_page()</span>�����У���<span
-lang=EN-US>386</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的数组。该函数仅用于<span
+lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c</span>文件的<span lang=EN-US>do_no_page()</span>函数中（第<span
+lang=EN-US>386</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>296</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>bread_page</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -55749,19 +55749,19 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>300</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú���ѭ��ִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>�Σ����ݷ�������<span lang=EN-US>b[]</span>�е�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>����Ŵ��豸<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>�ж�ȡһҳ���ݷŵ�ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数循环执行<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>次，根据放在数组<span lang=EN-US>b[]</span>中的<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个块号从设备<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>中读取一页内容放到指定</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ�λ��<span lang=EN-US>
-address</span>���� ���ڲ���<span lang=EN-US>b[i]</span>��������Ч��ţ��������ȴӸ��ٻ�����ȡָ���豸</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存位置<span lang=EN-US>
+address</span>处。 对于参数<span lang=EN-US>b[i]</span>给出的有效块号，函数首先从高速缓冲中取指定设备</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ϳ�ŵĻ���顣����������������Ч��δ���£���������豸������豸�϶�ȡ��Ӧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和块号的缓冲块。如果缓冲块中数据无效（未更新）则产生读设备请求从设备上读取相应数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ݿ顣����<span lang=EN-US>b[i]</span>��Ч�Ŀ������ȥ�����ˡ���˱�������ʵ���Ը���ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>b[]</span>�еĿ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>据块。对于<span lang=EN-US>b[i]</span>无效的块号则不用去理它了。因此本函数其实可以根据指定的<span
+lang=EN-US>b[]</span>中的块号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ȡ<span lang=EN-US>1��4</span>�����ݿ顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>随意读取<span lang=EN-US>1—4</span>个数据块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>301</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0 ; i&lt;4 ;
@@ -55770,7 +55770,7 @@ i++)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>302</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (b[i]) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������Ч��</p>
+// </span>若块号有效。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>303</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -55792,11 +55792,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bh[i] = <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>4</span>��������ϵ�����˳���Ƶ�ָ����ַ�����ڽ��и��ƣ�ʹ�ã������֮ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>随后将<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个缓冲块上的内容顺序复制到指定地址处。在进行复制（使用）缓冲块之前我们</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ҫ˯�ߵȴ��������������������Ļ��������⣬��Ϊ����˯�߹��ˣ��������ǻ���Ҫ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>先要睡眠等待缓冲块解锁（若被上锁的话）。另外，因为可能睡眠过了，所以我们还需要</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڸ���֮ǰ�ټ��һ�»�����е������Ƿ�����Ч�ġ�����������ǻ���Ҫ�ͷŻ���顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在复制之前再检查一下缓冲块中的数据是否是有效的。复制完后我们还需要释放缓冲块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>308</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0 ; i&lt;4 ;
@@ -55808,12 +55808,12 @@ if (bh[i]) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>310</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<u><span style='color:blue'>wait_on_buffer</span></u>(bh[i]);&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>���������Ļ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<u><span style='color:blue'>wait_on_buffer</span></u>(bh[i]);&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待缓冲块解锁<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>若被上锁的话<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>311</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (bh[i]-&gt;b_uptodate)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������Ч�Ļ����ơ�</p>
+if (bh[i]-&gt;b_uptodate)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若缓冲块中数据有效的话则复制。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>312</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -55823,7 +55823,7 @@ bh[i]-&gt;b_data,address);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>313</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>brelse</span></u>(bh[i]);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ͷŸû�������</p>
+// </span>释放该缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>314</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -55854,19 +55854,19 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>breada</span>������<span lang=EN-US>bread</span>һ��ʹ�ã���������Ԥ��һЩ�顣�ú��������б�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>breada</span>可以象<span lang=EN-US>bread</span>一样使用，但会另外预读一些块。该函数参数列表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Ҫʹ��һ�����������������б��Ľ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>需要使用一个负数来表明参数列表的结束。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ָ���豸��ȡָ����һЩ�顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>从指定设备读取指定的一些块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������ɱ䣬��һϵ��ָ���Ŀ�š��ɹ�ʱ���ص�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ļ����ͷָ�룬���򷵻�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数参数个数可变，是一系列指定的块号。成功时返回第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>块的缓冲块头指针，否则返回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>322</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -55886,10 +55886,10 @@ style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * bh, *tmp;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>326</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ�ɱ�������е�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����������ţ������ŴӸ��ٻ�������ȡָ���豸�Ϳ�ŵĻ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先取可变参数表中第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数（块号）。接着从高速缓冲区中取指定设备和块号的缓冲</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�顣����û����������Ч�����±�־δ��λ�����򷢳����豸���ݿ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块。如果该缓冲块数据无效（更新标志未置位），则发出读设备数据块请求。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>327</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -55912,18 +55912,18 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>ll_rw_block</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>READ</span></u>,bh);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��˳��ȡ�ɱ������������Ԥ����ţ�����������ͬ���������������á�ע�⣬<span
-lang=EN-US>336</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后顺序取可变参数表中其他预读块号，并作与上面同样处理，但不引用。注意，<span
+lang=EN-US>336</span>行上</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ��<span lang=EN-US>bug</span>�����е�<span
-lang=EN-US>bh</span>Ӧ����<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>bug</span>ֱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0.96</span>����ں˴����вű�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有一个<span lang=EN-US>bug</span>。其中的<span
+lang=EN-US>bh</span>应该是<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>。这个<span lang=EN-US>bug</span>直到在<span
+lang=EN-US>0.96</span>版的内核代码中才被纠正过来。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���⣬��Ϊ������Ԥ���������ݿ飬ֻ��������ٻ��������������Ͼ�ʹ�ã����Ե�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>另外，因为这里是预读随后的数据块，只需读进高速缓冲区但并不马上就使用，所以第<span
 lang=EN-US>337</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ҫ�������ü����ݼ��ͷŵ��ÿ飨��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>getblk()</span>���������ӻ�������ü���ֵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>行语句需要将其引用计数递减释放掉该块（因为<span
+lang=EN-US>getblk()</span>函数会增加缓冲块引用计数值）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>332</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while ((first=<u><span
@@ -55944,12 +55944,12 @@ if (!tmp-&gt;b_uptodate)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>336</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>ll_rw_block</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>READA</span></u>,bh);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// bh </span>Ӧ����<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>��</p>
+// bh </span>应该是<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>337</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 tmp-&gt;b_count--;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʱ�ͷŵ���Ԥ���顣</p>
+// </span>暂时释放掉该预读块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>338</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -55958,12 +55958,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>339</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ�ɱ�����������в���������ϡ����ǵȴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������������������ѱ����������ڵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时可变参数表中所有参数处理完毕。于是等待第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个缓冲区解锁（如果已被上锁）。在等</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���˳�֮�������������������Ȼ��Ч���򷵻ػ�����ͷָ���˳��������ͷŸû���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>待退出之后如果缓冲区中数据仍然有效，则返回缓冲区头指针退出。否则释放该缓冲区返回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // NULL</span>���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // NULL</span>，退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>340</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -55995,18 +55995,18 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>347</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��������ʼ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>缓冲区初始化函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>buffer_end</span>�ǻ������ڴ�ĩ�ˡ����ھ���<span
-lang=EN-US>16MB</span>�ڴ��ϵͳ��������ĩ�˱�����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>4MB</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>buffer_end</span>是缓冲区内存末端。对于具有<span
+lang=EN-US>16MB</span>内存的系统，缓冲区末端被设置为<span lang=EN-US>4MB</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>8MB</span>�ڴ��ϵͳ��������ĩ�˱�����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>2MB</span>���ú����ӻ�������ʼλ��<span lang=EN-US>start_buffer</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于有<span lang=EN-US>8MB</span>内存的系统，缓冲区末端被设置为<span
+lang=EN-US>2MB</span>。该函数从缓冲区开始位置<span lang=EN-US>start_buffer</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ͻ�����ĩ��<span
-lang=EN-US>buffer_end</span>���ֱ�ͬʱ���ã���ʼ���������ͷ�ṹ�Ͷ�Ӧ�����ݿ顣ֱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处和缓冲区末端<span
+lang=EN-US>buffer_end</span>处分别同时设置（初始化）缓冲块头结构和对应的数据块。直到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������ڴ汻������ϡ��μ������б�ǰ���ʾ��ͼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>缓冲区中所有内存被分配完毕。参见程序列表前面的示意图。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>348</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_init</span></u>(long
@@ -56028,14 +56028,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>353</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ��ݲ����ṩ�Ļ������߶�λ��ȷ��ʵ�ʻ������߶�λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>b</span>������������߶˵���<span lang=EN-US>1Mb</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先根据参数提供的缓冲区高端位置确定实际缓冲区高端位置<span
+lang=EN-US>b</span>。如果缓冲区高端等于<span lang=EN-US>1Mb</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ϊ��<span lang=EN-US>640KB
-- 1MB</span>����ʾ�ڴ��<span lang=EN-US> BIOS</span>ռ�ã�����ʵ�ʿ��û������ڴ�߶�λ��Ӧ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则因为从<span lang=EN-US>640KB
+- 1MB</span>被显示内存和<span lang=EN-US> BIOS</span>占用，所以实际可用缓冲区内存高端位置应该是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 640KB</span>�����򻺳����ڴ�߶�һ������<span
-lang=EN-US>1MB</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 640KB</span>。否则缓冲区内存高端一定大于<span
+lang=EN-US>1MB</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>354</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (buffer_end ==
@@ -56052,22 +56052,22 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; else</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 b = (void *) buffer_end;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��δ������ڳ�ʼ�����������������л����ѭ������������ȡϵͳ�л������Ŀ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这段代码用于初始化缓冲区，建立空闲缓冲块循环链表，并获取系统中缓冲块数目。操作的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ǵӻ������߶˿�ʼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>1KB</span>��С�Ļ���飬���ͬʱ�ڻ������Ͷ˽��������û����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>过程是从缓冲区高端开始划分<span
+lang=EN-US>1KB</span>大小的缓冲块，与此同时在缓冲区低端建立描述该缓冲块</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ľṹ<span lang=EN-US>buffer_head</span>��������Щ<span
-lang=EN-US>buffer_head</span>���˫��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的结构<span lang=EN-US>buffer_head</span>，并将这些<span
+lang=EN-US>buffer_head</span>组成双向链表。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // h</span>��ָ�򻺳�ͷ�ṹ��ָ�룬��<span
-lang=EN-US>h+1</span>��ָ���ڴ��ַ��������һ������ͷ��ַ��Ҳ����˵��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // h</span>是指向缓冲头结构的指针，而<span
+lang=EN-US>h+1</span>是指向内存地址连续的下一个缓冲头地址，也可以说是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>h</span>����ͷ��ĩ���⡣Ϊ�˱�֤���㹻���ȵ��ڴ����洢һ������ͷ�ṹ����Ҫ<span
-lang=EN-US>b</span>��ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指向<span lang=EN-US>h</span>缓冲头的末端外。为了保证有足够长度的内存来存储一个缓冲头结构，需要<span
+lang=EN-US>b</span>所指向</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڴ���ַ <span
-lang=EN-US>&gt;= h</span>����ͷ��ĩ�ˣ���Ҫ�� <span lang=EN-US>&gt;= h+1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的内存块地址 <span
+lang=EN-US>&gt;= h</span>缓冲头的末端，即要求 <span lang=EN-US>&gt;= h+1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>358</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while ( (b -= <u><span
@@ -56076,99 +56076,99 @@ style='color:blue'>BLOCK_SIZE</span></u>) &gt;= ((void *) (h+1)) ) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>359</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 h-&gt;b_dev = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ʹ�øû������豸�š�</p>
+// </span>使用该缓冲块的设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>360</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 h-&gt;b_dirt = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���־����������޸ı�־��</p>
+// </span>脏标志，即缓冲块修改标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>361</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 h-&gt;b_count = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������ü�����</p>
+// </span>缓冲块引用计数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>362</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 h-&gt;b_lock = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����������־��</p>
+// </span>缓冲块锁定标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>363</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;h-&gt;b_uptodate
-= 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������±�־�����������Ч��־����</p>
+= 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>缓冲块更新标志（或称数据有效标志）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>364</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 h-&gt;b_wait = <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ָ��ȴ��û��������Ľ��̡�</p>
+// </span>指向等待该缓冲块解锁的进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>365</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 h-&gt;b_next = <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ָ�������ͬ<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>ֵ����һ������ͷ��</p>
+// </span>指向具有相同<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>值的下一个缓冲头。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>366</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 h-&gt;b_prev = <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ָ�������ͬ<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>ֵ��ǰһ������ͷ��</p>
+// </span>指向具有相同<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>值的前一个缓冲头。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>367</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-h-&gt;b_data = (char *) b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ���Ӧ��������ݿ飨<span
-lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽڣ���</p>
+h-&gt;b_data = (char *) b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指向对应缓冲块数据块（<span
+lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>368</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-h-&gt;b_prev_free = h-1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��������ǰһ�</p>
+h-&gt;b_prev_free = h-1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指向链表中前一项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>369</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-h-&gt;b_next_free = h+1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ����������һ�</p>
+h-&gt;b_next_free = h+1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指向链表中下一项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>370</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 h++;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// h</span>ָ����һ�»���ͷλ�á�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// h</span>指向下一新缓冲头位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>371</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_BUFFERS</span></u>++;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����������ۼӡ�</p>
+// </span>缓冲区块数累加。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>372</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (b == (void *) 0x100000)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>b</span>�ݼ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>1MB</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>384KB</span>��</p>
+if (b == (void *) 0x100000)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若<span lang=EN-US>b</span>递减到等于<span
+lang=EN-US>1MB</span>，则跳过<span lang=EN-US>384KB</span>，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>373</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-b = (void *) 0xA0000;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>b</span>ָ���ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>0xA0000(640KB)</span>����</p>
+b = (void *) 0xA0000;&nbsp; // </span>让<span lang=EN-US>b</span>指向地址<span
+lang=EN-US>0xA0000(640KB)</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>374</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>375</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;h--;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>h</span>ָ�����һ����Ч�����ͷ��</p>
+// </span>让<span lang=EN-US>h</span>指向最后一个有效缓冲块头。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>376</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>free_list</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>start_buffer</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ÿ�������ͷָ��ͷһ������顣</p>
+// </span>让空闲链表头指向头一个缓冲块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>377</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
-style='color:blue'>free_list</span></u>-&gt;b_prev_free = h;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷ��<span
-lang=EN-US>b_prev_free</span>ָ��ǰһ������һ���</p>
+style='color:blue'>free_list</span></u>-&gt;b_prev_free = h;&nbsp; // </span>链表头的<span
+lang=EN-US>b_prev_free</span>指向前一项（即最后一项）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>378</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; h-&gt;b_next_free =
 <u><span style='color:blue'>free_list</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// h</span>����һ��ָ��ָ���һ��γ�һ��������</p>
+// h</span>的下一项指针指向第一项，形成一个环链。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʼ��<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>������ϣ����ɢ�б������ñ�������ָ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后初始化<span lang=EN-US>hash</span>表（哈希表、散列表），置表中所有指针为<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>379</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0;i&lt;<u><span
@@ -56201,7 +56201,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448011"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447415"></a><a name="_Toc53320634"><span lang=EN-US>12.2 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span> <span lang=EN-US>12-2 &nbsp;linux/fs/bitmap.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span> <span lang=EN-US>12-2 &nbsp;linux/fs/bitmap.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -56226,43 +56226,43 @@ linux/fs/bitmap.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u> <b><i>/*
 bitmap.c contains the code that handles the inode and block bitmaps */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* bitmap.c</span>�����д���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ʹ��̿�λͼ�Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* bitmap.c</span>程序含有处理<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和磁盘块位图的代码<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���ͷ�ļ�����Ҫ������һЩ�й��ַ���������Ƕ�뺯����</p>
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串头文件。主要定义了一些有关字符串操作的嵌入函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>����ʹ�������е�<span lang=EN-US>memset()</span>������</p>
+</span>这里使用了其中的<span lang=EN-US>memset()</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�����������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;//// </span>��ָ����ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>������һ��<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽ��ڴ����㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;//// </span>将指定地址（<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>）处的一块<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节内存清零。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>���룺<span lang=EN-US>eax
-= 0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ecx = </span>�Գ���Ϊ��λ�����ݿ鳤�ȣ�<span lang=EN-US>BLOCK_SIZE/4</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>edi = </span>ָ����ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>输入：<span lang=EN-US>eax
+= 0</span>；<span lang=EN-US>ecx = </span>以长字为单位的数据块长度（<span lang=EN-US>BLOCK_SIZE/4</span>）；<span
+lang=EN-US>edi = </span>指定起始地</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ַ<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>址<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>clear_block</span></u>(addr) \</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
 __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;rep\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ظ�ִ�д洢���ݣ�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+// </span>重复执行存储数据（<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;stosl&quot;</i> \</span></p>
@@ -56273,33 +56273,33 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ָ����ַ��ʼ�ĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>��λƫ�ƴ��ı���λ��λ��<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>�ɴ���<span lang=EN-US>32</span>����������ԭ����λֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>把指定地址开始的第<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>个位偏移处的比特位置位（<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>可大于<span lang=EN-US>32</span>！）。返回原比特位值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���룺<span lang=EN-US>%0
--eax</span>������ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>%1 -eax(0)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 -nr</span>��λƫ��ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>%3 -(addr)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>�����ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入：<span lang=EN-US>%0
+-eax</span>（返回值）；<span lang=EN-US>%1 -eax(0)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%2 -nr</span>，位偏移值；<span
+lang=EN-US>%3 -(addr)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>的内容。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>20</span>�ж�����һ���ֲ��Ĵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>res</span>���ñ�������������ָ����<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>�Ĵ����У��Ա���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>20</span>行定义了一个局部寄存器变量<span
+lang=EN-US>res</span>。该变量将被保存在指定的<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>寄存器中，以便于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ч���ʺͲ��������ֶ�������ķ�����Ҫ������Ƕ�������С���ϸ˵���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>gcc</span>�ֲ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>高效访问和操作。这种定义变量的方法主要用于内嵌汇编程序中。详细说明参见<span
+lang=EN-US>gcc</span>手册</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ��</span>��ָ���Ĵ����еı���<span
-lang=EN-US>��</span>�������궨����һ��������ʽ���ñ���ʽֵ�����<span lang=EN-US>res</span>��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // “</span>在指定寄存器中的变量<span
+lang=EN-US>”</span>。整个宏定义是一个语句表达式，该表达式值是最后<span lang=EN-US>res</span>的值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>21</span>���ϵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>btsl</span>ָ�����ڲ��Բ����ñ���λ��<span lang=EN-US>Bit Test and Set</span>�����ѻ���ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>%3</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>21</span>行上的<span
+lang=EN-US>btsl</span>指令用于测试并设置比特位（<span lang=EN-US>Bit Test and Set</span>）。把基地址（<span
+lang=EN-US>%3</span>）和</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����λƫ��ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>%2</span>����ָ���ı���λֵ�ȱ��浽��λ��־<span lang=EN-US>CF</span>�У�Ȼ�����øñ���λΪ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>比特位偏移值（<span
+lang=EN-US>%2</span>）所指定的比特位值先保存到进位标志<span lang=EN-US>CF</span>中，然后设置该比特位为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>setb</span>���ڸ��ݽ�λ��־<span
-lang=EN-US>CF</span>���ò�������<span lang=EN-US>%al</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>CF=1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%al =1</span>������<span lang=EN-US>%al =0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指令<span lang=EN-US>setb</span>用于根据进位标志<span
+lang=EN-US>CF</span>设置操作数（<span lang=EN-US>%al</span>）。如果<span lang=EN-US>CF=1</span>则<span
+lang=EN-US>%al =1</span>，否则<span lang=EN-US>%al =0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>set_bit</span></u>(nr,addr) ({\</span></p>
@@ -56319,22 +56319,22 @@ res;})</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��λָ����ַ��ʼ�ĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>λƫ�ƴ��ı���λ������ԭ����λֵ�ķ��롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>复位指定地址开始的第<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>位偏移处的比特位。返回原比特位值的反码。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���룺<span lang=EN-US>%0
--eax</span>������ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>%1 -eax(0)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 -nr</span>��λƫ��ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>%3 -(addr)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>�����ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入：<span lang=EN-US>%0
+-eax</span>（返回值）；<span lang=EN-US>%1 -eax(0)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%2 -nr</span>，位偏移值；<span
+lang=EN-US>%3 -(addr)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>的内容。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>27</span>���ϵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>btrl</span>ָ�����ڲ��Բ���λ����λ��<span lang=EN-US>Bit Test and Reset</span>�����������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>27</span>行上的<span
+lang=EN-US>btrl</span>指令用于测试并复位比特位（<span lang=EN-US>Bit Test and Reset</span>）。其作用与上面的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // btsl</span>���ƣ����Ǹ�λָ������λ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>setnb</span>���ڸ��ݽ�λ��־<span lang=EN-US>CF</span>���ò�������<span
-lang=EN-US>%al</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // btsl</span>类似，但是复位指定比特位。指令<span
+lang=EN-US>setnb</span>用于根据进位标志<span lang=EN-US>CF</span>设置操作数（<span
+lang=EN-US>%al</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>CF
-= 1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%al = 0</span>������<span lang=EN-US>%al = 1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>CF
+= 1</span>则<span lang=EN-US>%al = 0</span>，否则<span lang=EN-US>%al = 1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>clear_bit</span></u>(nr,addr) ({\</span></p>
@@ -56354,18 +56354,18 @@ res;})</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>��ʼѰ�ҵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ����λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>从<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>开始寻找第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个<span lang=EN-US>0</span>值比特位。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���룺<span lang=EN-US>%0
-- ecx(</span>����ֵ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - ecx(0)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%2 - esi(addr)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入：<span lang=EN-US>%0
+- ecx(</span>返回值<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - ecx(0)</span>；<span
+lang=EN-US>%2 - esi(addr)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>ָ����ַ��ʼ��λͼ��Ѱ�ҵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�ı���λ�����������<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>�ı���λƫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>指定地址开始的位图中寻找第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的比特位，并将其距离<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>的比特位偏移</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֵ���ء�<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>�ǻ�����������ĵ�ַ��ɨ��Ѱ�ҵķ�Χ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽڣ�<span lang=EN-US>8192</span>����λ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>值返回。<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>是缓冲块数据区的地址，扫描寻找的范围是<span
+lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节（<span lang=EN-US>8192</span>比特位）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>find_first_zero</span></u>(addr) ({ \</span></p>
@@ -56375,52 +56375,52 @@ __res; \</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�巽��λ��</p>
+</span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;1:\tlodsl\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>[esi]</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
-Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span>��</p>
+// </span>取<span lang=EN-US>[esi]</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
+Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;notl %%eax\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// eax</span>��ÿλȡ����</p>
+// eax</span>中每位取反。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<i>&quot;bsfl %%eax,%%edx\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ɨ��<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��λ����ƫ��ֵ<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>edx</span>��</p>
+<i>&quot;bsfl %%eax,%%edx\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从位<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>扫描<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>中是<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个位，其偏移值<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US>edx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;je 2f\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>��ȫ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������ǰ��ת�����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>(40</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+// </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>中全是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则向前跳转到标号<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>处<span lang=EN-US>(40</span>行<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<i>&quot;addl %%edx,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ƫ��ֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��λͼ�׸�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵλ��ƫ��ֵ����</p>
+<i>&quot;addl %%edx,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>偏移值加入<span
+lang=EN-US>ecx</span>（<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>是位图首个<span lang=EN-US>0</span>值位的偏移值）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;jmp 3f\n&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>������������</p>
+// </span>向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>3</span>处（结束）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<i>&quot;2:\taddl $32,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp; // </span>δ�ҵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵλ����<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ֵ�λƫ����<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>��</p>
+<i>&quot;2:\taddl $32,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp; // </span>未找到<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>值位，则将<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>加<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个长字的位偏移量<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<i>&quot;cmpl $8192,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ѿ�ɨ����<span
-lang=EN-US>8192</span>����λ��<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽڣ�����</p>
+<i>&quot;cmpl $8192,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>已经扫描了<span
+lang=EN-US>8192</span>比特位（<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节）了吗？</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;jl 1b\n&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����û��ɨ����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ݣ�����ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+// </span>若还没有扫描完<span lang=EN-US>1</span>块数据，则向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;3:&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������ʱ<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>����λƫ������</p>
+// </span>结束。此时<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>中是位偏移量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 :<i>&quot;=c&quot;</i> (__res):<i>&quot;c&quot;</i> (0),<i>&quot;S&quot;</i>
@@ -56431,15 +56431,15 @@ __res;})</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ͷ��豸<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>���������е��߼���<span lang=EN-US>block</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>释放设备<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>上数据区中的逻辑块<span lang=EN-US>block</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λָ���߼���<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>��Ӧ���߼���λͼ����λ���ɹ��򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复位指定逻辑块<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>对应的逻辑块位图比特位。成功则返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，否则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>���豸�ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>���߼���ţ��̿�ţ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>是设备号，<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>是逻辑块号（盘块号）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>free_block</span></u>(int dev, int block)</span></p>
@@ -56454,18 +56454,18 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * bh;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ�豸<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>���ļ�ϵͳ�ĳ�������Ϣ������������������ʼ�߼���ź��ļ�ϵͳ���߼�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先取设备<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>上文件系统的超级块信息，根据其中数据区开始逻辑块号和文件系统中逻辑</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ϣ�жϲ���<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>����Ч�ԡ����ָ���豸�����鲻���ڣ������ͣ�������߼���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块总数信息判断参数<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>的有效性。如果指定设备超级块不存在，则出错停机。若逻辑块</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��С��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���߼���Ŀ�Ż��ߴ����豸�����߼�������Ҳ����ͣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号小于盘上数据区第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个逻辑块的块号或者大于设备上总逻辑块数，也出错停机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(sb = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_super</span></u>(dev)))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// fs/super.c</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>56</span>�С�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// fs/super.c</span>，第<span
+lang=EN-US>56</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;trying to free block on
@@ -56482,22 +56482,22 @@ in datazone&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bh = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_hash_table</span></u>(dev,block);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��� <span lang=EN-US>hash</span>����Ѱ�Ҹÿ����ݡ����ҵ������ж�����Ч�ԣ��������޸ĺ͸��±�־���ͷ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后从 <span lang=EN-US>hash</span>表中寻找该块数据。若找到了则判断其有效性，并清已修改和更新标志，释放</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ݿ顣�öδ������Ҫ��;��������߼���Ŀǰ�����ڸ��ٻ������У����ͷŶ�Ӧ�Ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该数据块。该段代码的主要用途是如果该逻辑块目前存在于高速缓冲区中，就释放对应的缓</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>冲块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (bh) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (bh-&gt;b_count &gt; 1) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ô�������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>brelse()</span>��</p>
+if (bh-&gt;b_count &gt; 1) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果引用次数大于<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，则调用<span lang=EN-US>brelse()</span>，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>brelse</span></u>(bh);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-b_count--</span>���˳����ÿ黹�����á�</p>
+b_count--</span>后即退出，该块还有人用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
@@ -56506,15 +56506,15 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bh-&gt;b_dirt=0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����λ���޸ĺ��Ѹ��±�־��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>否则复位已修改和已更新标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bh-&gt;b_uptodate=0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (bh-&gt;b_count)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>����ʱ<span lang=EN-US>b_count</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������<span
-lang=EN-US>brelse()</span>�ͷ�֮��</p>
+</span>若此时<span lang=EN-US>b_count</span>为<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，则调用<span
+lang=EN-US>brelse()</span>释放之。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>brelse</span></u>(bh);</span></p>
@@ -56522,25 +56522,25 @@ lang=EN-US>brelse()</span>�ͷ�֮��</p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ǹ�λ<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>���߼���λͼ�еı���λ����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ȼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>����������ʼ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着我们复位<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>在逻辑块位图中的比特位（置<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）。先计算<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>在数据区开始算起的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����߼���ţ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��ʼ��������Ȼ����߼���<span lang=EN-US>(</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>λͼ���в�������λ��Ӧ�ı���λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数据逻辑块号（从<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>开始计数）。然后对逻辑块<span lang=EN-US>(</span>区块<span lang=EN-US>)</span>位图进行操作，复位对应的比特位。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ӧ����λԭ������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�������ͣ��������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���������<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽڣ���<span
-lang=EN-US>8192</span>����λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果对应比特位原来就是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则出错停机。由于<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个缓冲块有<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节，即<span
+lang=EN-US>8192</span>比特位，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��� <span lang=EN-US>block/8192
-</span>���ɼ����ָ���� <span lang=EN-US>block </span>���߼�λͼ�е��ĸ����ϡ��� <span lang=EN-US>block&amp;8191
-</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因此 <span lang=EN-US>block/8192
+</span>即可计算出指定块 <span lang=EN-US>block </span>在逻辑位图中的哪个块上。而 <span lang=EN-US>block&amp;8191
+</span>可</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Եõ�<span lang=EN-US>block</span>���߼���λͼ��ǰ���еı���ƫ��λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以得到<span lang=EN-US>block</span>在逻辑块位图当前块中的比特偏移位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-block -= sb-&gt;s_firstdatazone - 1 ; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>block = block
+block -= sb-&gt;s_firstdatazone - 1 ; // </span>即<span lang=EN-US>block = block
 - ( s_firstdatazone -1);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -56557,7 +56557,7 @@ cleared\n&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ӧ�߼���λͼ���ڻ��������޸ı�־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后置相应逻辑块位图所在缓冲区已修改标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 sb-&gt;s_zmap[block/8192]-&gt;b_dirt = 1;</span></p>
@@ -56569,17 +56569,17 @@ return 1;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ////</span>���豸����һ���߼��飨�̿飬���飩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ////</span>向设备申请一个逻辑块（盘块，区块）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ȡ���豸�ĳ����飬���ڳ������е��߼���λͼ��Ѱ�ҵ�һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ����λ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数首先取得设备的超级块，并在超级块中的逻辑块位图中寻找第一个<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>值比特位（代表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ�������߼��飩��Ȼ����λ��Ӧ�߼������߼���λͼ�еı���λ������Ϊ���߼����ڻ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一个空闲逻辑块）。然后置位对应逻辑块在逻辑块位图中的比特位。接着为该逻辑块在缓</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ȡ��һ���Ӧ����顣��󽫸û�������㣬���������Ѹ��±�־�����޸ı�־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>冲区中取得一块对应缓冲块。最后将该缓冲块清零，并设置其已更新标志和已修改标志。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������߼���š�����ִ�гɹ��򷵻��߼���ţ��̿�ţ������򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并返回逻辑块号。函数执行成功则返回逻辑块号（盘块号），否则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>new_block</span></u>(int dev)</span></p>
@@ -56597,18 +56597,18 @@ int i,j;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ȼ�ȡ�豸<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>�ĳ����顣���ָ���豸�ĳ����鲻���ڣ������ͣ����Ȼ��ɨ���ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先获取设备<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>的超级块。如果指定设备的超级块不存在，则出错停机。然后扫描文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ��<span lang=EN-US>8</span>���߼���λͼ��Ѱ���׸�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ����λ����Ѱ�ҿ����߼��飬��ȡ���ø��߼����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统的<span lang=EN-US>8</span>块逻辑块位图，寻找首个<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>值比特位，以寻找空闲逻辑块，获取放置该逻辑块的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��š� ���ȫ��ɨ����<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>���߼���λͼ�����б���λ��<span lang=EN-US>i &gt;= 8 </span>�� <span
-lang=EN-US>j &gt;= 8192</span>����û�ҵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块号。 如果全部扫描完<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>块逻辑块位图的所有比特位（<span lang=EN-US>i &gt;= 8 </span>或 <span
+lang=EN-US>j &gt;= 8192</span>）还没找到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0</span>ֵ����λ����λͼ���ڵĻ����ָ����Ч<span
-lang=EN-US>(bh = NULL)</span>�� ����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�˳���û�п����߼��飩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0</span>值比特位或者位图所在的缓冲块指针无效<span
+lang=EN-US>(bh = NULL)</span>则 返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>退出（没有空闲逻辑块）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(sb = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_super</span></u>(dev)))</span></p>
@@ -56638,18 +56638,18 @@ if (i&gt;=8 || !bh || j&gt;=8192)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ҵ������߼���<span
-lang=EN-US>j</span>��Ӧ�߼���λͼ�еı���λ������Ӧ����λ�Ѿ���λ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着设置找到的新逻辑块<span
+lang=EN-US>j</span>对应逻辑块位图中的比特位。若对应比特位已经置位，则出错</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͣ���������ô��λͼ�Ķ�Ӧ�����������޸ı�־����Ϊ�߼���λͼ����ʾ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>停机。否则置存放位图的对应缓冲区块已修改标志。因为逻辑块位图仅表示盘上数据区中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�߼����ռ����������߼���λͼ�б���λƫ��ֵ��ʾ����������ʼ������Ŀ�ţ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>逻辑块的占用情况，即逻辑块位图中比特位偏移值表示从数据区开始处算起的块号，因此</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ҫ������������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���߼���Ŀ�ţ���<span lang=EN-US>j</span>ת�����߼���š���ʱ������߼������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这里需要加上数据区第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个逻辑块的块号，把<span lang=EN-US>j</span>转换成逻辑块号。此时如果新逻辑块大于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸�ϵ����߼���������˵��ָ���߼����ڶ�Ӧ�豸�ϲ����ڡ�����ʧ�ܣ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该设备上的总逻辑块数，则说明指定逻辑块在对应设备上不存在。申请失败，返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>set_bit</span></u>(j,bh-&gt;b_data))</span></p>
@@ -56670,15 +56670,15 @@ if (j &gt;= sb-&gt;s_nzones)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���ڸ��ٻ�������Ϊ���豸��ָ�����߼����ȡ��һ������飬�����ػ����ͷָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后在高速缓冲区中为该设备上指定的逻辑块号取得一个缓冲块，并返回缓冲块头指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ��ȡ�õ��߼��������ô���һ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>getblk()</span>�л����ã����������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��ͣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因为刚取得的逻辑块其引用次数一定为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>（<span lang=EN-US>getblk()</span>中会设置），因此若不为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>则停机。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������߼������㣬���������Ѹ��±�־�����޸ı�־��Ȼ���ͷŶ�Ӧ����飬����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后将新逻辑块清零，并设置其已更新标志和已修改标志。然后释放对应缓冲块，返回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�߼���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>逻辑块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(bh=<u><span style='color:blue'>getblk</span></u>(dev,j)))</span></p>
@@ -56719,17 +56719,17 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>107</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ͷ�ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>释放指定的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú��������жϲ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ŵ���Ч�ԺͿ��ͷ��ԡ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���Ȼ��ʹ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先判断参数给出的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号的有效性和可释放性。若<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点仍然在使用中则不能</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ͷš�Ȼ�����ó�������Ϣ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ���в�������λ<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�Ŷ�Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>被释放。然后利用超级块信息对<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图进行操作，复位<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号对应的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����λ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>比特位，并清空<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>108</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>free_inode</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -56749,18 +56749,18 @@ style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * bh;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>112</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ�����������Ҫ�ͷŵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���Ч�Ի�Ϸ��ԡ����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ��<span lang=EN-US>=NULL</span>�����˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数给出的需要释放的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点有效性或合法性。如果<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针<span lang=EN-US>=NULL</span>，则退出。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ϵ��豸���ֶ�Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��˵���ýڵ�û��ʹ�á�������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ն�Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ռ�ڴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点上的设备号字段为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，说明该节点没有使用。于是用<span lang=EN-US>0</span>清空对应<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点所占内存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ء�<span lang=EN-US>memset()</span>������
-<span lang=EN-US>include/string.h </span>��<span lang=EN-US>395</span>�п�ʼ���������ʾ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��д<span lang=EN-US>inode</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>区并返回。<span lang=EN-US>memset()</span>定义在
+<span lang=EN-US>include/string.h </span>第<span lang=EN-US>395</span>行开始处。这里表示用<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>填写<span lang=EN-US>inode</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��ָ������������ <span
-lang=EN-US>sizeof(*inode) </span>���ڴ�顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针指定处、长度是 <span
+lang=EN-US>sizeof(*inode) </span>的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!inode)</span></p>
@@ -56783,9 +56783,9 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㻹�������������ã������ͷţ�˵���ں������⣬ͣ��������ļ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果此<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点还有其他程序引用，则不能释放，说明内核有问题，停机。如果文件连接数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ʾ���������ļ�Ŀ¼����ʹ�øýڵ㣬���Ҳ��Ӧ�ͷţ���Ӧ�÷Żصȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>不为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则表示还有其他文件目录项在使用该节点，因此也不应释放，而应该放回等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (inode-&gt;i_count&gt;1)
@@ -56812,24 +56812,24 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;trying to free inode with
 links&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ж���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ĺ�����֮�����ǿ�ʼ�����䳬������Ϣ�����е�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ���в�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在判断完<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的合理性之后，我们开始利用其超级块信息对其中的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图进行操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������豸�ĳ����飬�����豸�Ƿ���ڡ�Ȼ���ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ŵķ�Χ�Ƿ���ȷ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先取<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点所在设备的超级块，测试设备是否存在。然后判断<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号的范围是否正确，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��� <span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ŵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0 </span>�� ���ڸ��豸�� <span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㱣��û��ʹ�ã���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果 <span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0 </span>或 大于该设备上 <span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点总数，则出错（<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>号<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点保留没有使用）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ӧ�Ľڵ�λͼ�����ڣ����������Ϊһ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ��<span lang=EN-US> 8192 </span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点对应的节点位图不存在，则出错。因为一个缓冲块的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图有<span lang=EN-US> 8192 </span>比</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ�����<span lang=EN-US>i_num&gt;&gt;13</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>i_num/8192</span>�����Եõ���ǰ<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>s_imap[]</span>�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>特位。因此<span lang=EN-US>i_num&gt;&gt;13</span>（即<span
+lang=EN-US>i_num/8192</span>）可以得到当前<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号所在的<span
+lang=EN-US>s_imap[]</span>项，即所</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̿顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在盘块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>125</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(sb = <u><span
@@ -56858,11 +56858,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;nonexistent imap in
 superblock&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ǹ�λ<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ӧ�Ľڵ�λͼ�еı���λ������ñ���λ�Ѿ�����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������ʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在我们复位<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点对应的节点位图中的比特位。如果该比特位已经等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则显示出错</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ϣ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ���ڻ��������޸ı�־������ո�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹ��ռ�ڴ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>警告信息。最后置<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图所在缓冲区已修改标志，并清空该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构所占内存区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>131</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -56886,11 +56886,11 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>136</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>Ϊ�豸<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>����һ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣��ʼ�������ظ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>为设备<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>建立一个新<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。初始化并返回该新<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���л�ȡһ������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ����һ������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在内存<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表中获取一个空闲<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表项，并从<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图中找一个空闲<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -56917,23 +56917,23 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i,j;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȴ��ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>inode_table</span>���л�ȡһ������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������ȡָ���豸�ĳ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先从内存<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表（<span
+lang=EN-US>inode_table</span>）中获取一个空闲<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点项，并读取指定设备的超级块</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ṹ�� Ȼ��ɨ�賬������<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ��Ѱ���׸�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����λ��Ѱ�ҿ��нڵ㣬��ȡ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>结构。 然后扫描超级块中<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>块<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图，寻找首个<span lang=EN-US>0</span>比特位，寻找空闲节点，获取放置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�Ľڵ�š����ȫ��ɨ���껹û�ҵ�������λͼ���ڵĻ������Ч��<span
-lang=EN-US>bh = NULL</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的节点号。如果全部扫描完还没找到，或者位图所在的缓冲块无效（<span
+lang=EN-US>bh = NULL</span>），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ż���ǰ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���е�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�����ؿ�ָ���˳���û�п���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则放回先前申请的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表中的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并返回空指针退出（没有空闲<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>144</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(inode=<u><span
 style='color:blue'>get_empty_inode</span></u>()))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// fs/inode.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>197</span>�С�</p>
+// fs/inode.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>197</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>145</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -56942,8 +56942,8 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>146</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(sb = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>get_super</span></u>(dev)))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// fs/super.c</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>56</span>�С�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// fs/super.c</span>，第<span
+lang=EN-US>56</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -56984,15 +56984,15 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������Ѿ��ҵ��˻�δʹ�õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��<span lang=EN-US>j</span>��������λ<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>j</span>��Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ��Ӧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在我们已经找到了还未使用的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号<span lang=EN-US>j</span>。于是置位<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span
+lang=EN-US>j</span>对应的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图相应比</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ������Ѿ���λ�����������Ȼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ���ڻ�������޸ı�־������ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>特位（如果已经置位，则出错）。然后置<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图所在缓冲块已修改标志。最后初始化</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i_ctime</span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ݸı�ʱ�䣩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构（<span
+lang=EN-US>i_ctime</span>是<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点内容改变时间）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -57009,45 +57009,45 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh-&gt;b_dirt = 1;</
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode-&gt;i_count=1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���ü�����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>引用计数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode-&gt;i_nlinks=1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ�Ŀ¼����������</p>
+// </span>文件目录项链接数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode-&gt;i_dev=dev;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// i</span>�ڵ����ڵ��豸�š�</p>
+// i</span>节点所在的设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_uid=<u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;euid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// i</span>�ڵ������û�<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��</p>
+// i</span>节点所属用户<span lang=EN-US>id</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_gid=<u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;egid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>组<span lang=EN-US>id</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_dirt=1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���޸ı�־��λ��</p>
+// </span>已修改标志置位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>166</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_num = j
 + i*8192;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��Ӧ�豸�е�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�š�</p>
+// </span>对应设备中的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>167</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_mtime =
 inode-&gt;i_atime = inode-&gt;i_ctime = <u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT_TIME</span></u>;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʱ�䡣</p>
+// </span>设置时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return inode;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ظ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>返回该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>169</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -57071,7 +57071,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448012"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447416"></a><a name="_Toc53320644"><span lang=EN-US>12.3 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12-3 linux/fs/truncate.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>12-3 linux/fs/truncate.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -57094,22 +57094,22 @@ linux/fs/truncate.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�״̬ͷ�ļ��������ļ����ļ�ϵͳ״̬�ṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>�ͳ�����</p>
+#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件状态头文件。含有文件或文件系统状态结构<span
+lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>和常量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ͷ�����һ�μ�ӿ顣���ڲ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>释放所有一次间接块。（内部函数）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>���ļ�ϵͳ�����豸���豸�ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>���߼���š��ɹ��򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>是文件系统所在设备的设备号；<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>是逻辑块号。成功则返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，否则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>free_ind</span></u>(int dev,int block)</span></p>
@@ -57127,18 +57127,18 @@ int i;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int block_busy;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���߼���û�б��ͷŵı�־��</p>
+// </span>有逻辑块没有被释放的标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ�������Ч�ԡ�����߼����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���򷵻ء�Ȼ���ȡһ�μ�ӿ飬���ͷ����ϱ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数的有效性。如果逻辑块号为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则返回。然后读取一次间接块，并释放其上表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʹ�õ������߼��飬Ȼ���ͷŸ�һ�μ�ӿ�Ļ���顣
-����<span lang=EN-US>free_block()</span>�����ͷ��豸</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>明使用的所有逻辑块，然后释放该一次间接块的缓冲块。
+函数<span lang=EN-US>free_block()</span>用于释放设备</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ���߼���ŵĴ��̿飨<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/bitmap.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>47</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>上指定逻辑块号的磁盘块（<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/bitmap.c</span>第<span lang=EN-US>47</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!block)</span></p>
@@ -57153,41 +57153,41 @@ block_busy = 0;</span></p>
 if (bh=<u><span style='color:blue'>bread</span></u>(dev,block)) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-p = (unsigned short *) bh-&gt;b_data;&nbsp; // </span>ָ�򻺳����������</p>
+p = (unsigned short *) bh-&gt;b_data;&nbsp; // </span>指向缓冲块数据区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for (i=0;i&lt;512;i++,p++)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ÿ���߼����Ͽ���<span lang=EN-US>512</span>����š�</p>
+// </span>每个逻辑块上可有<span lang=EN-US>512</span>个块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if
 (*p)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (<u><span style='color:blue'>free_block</span></u>(dev,*p)) {&nbsp; // </span>�ͷ�ָ�����豸�߼��顣</p>
+if (<u><span style='color:blue'>free_block</span></u>(dev,*p)) {&nbsp; // </span>释放指定的设备逻辑块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*p = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���㡣</p>
+*p = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-bh-&gt;b_dirt = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������޸ı�־��</p>
+bh-&gt;b_dirt = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置已修改标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}
 else</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-block_busy = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����߼���û���ͷű�־��</p>
+block_busy = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置逻辑块没有释放标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>brelse</span></u>(bh);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>Ȼ���ͷż�ӿ�ռ�õĻ���顣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>然后释放间接块占用的缓冲块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷ��豸�ϵ�һ�μ�ӿ顣������������߼���û�б��ͷţ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʧ�ܣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后释放设备上的一次间接块。但如果其中有逻辑块没有被释放，则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>（失败）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if (block_busy)</span></p>
@@ -57200,16 +57200,16 @@ else</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return <u><span style='color:blue'>free_block</span></u>(dev,block);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ɹ��򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+// </span>成功则返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，否则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ͷ����ж��μ�ӿ顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>释放所有二次间接块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>���ļ�ϵͳ�����豸���豸�ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>���߼���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>是文件系统所在设备的设备号；<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>是逻辑块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>free_dind</span></u>(int dev,int block)</span></p>
@@ -57227,14 +57227,14 @@ int i;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int block_busy;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���߼���û�б��ͷŵı�־��</p>
+// </span>有逻辑块没有被释放的标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ�������Ч�ԡ�����߼����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���򷵻ء�Ȼ���ȡ���μ�ӿ��һ���飬����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数的有效性。如果逻辑块号为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则返回。然后读取二次间接块的一级块，并释</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ϱ���ʹ�õ������߼��飬Ȼ���ͷŸ�һ����Ļ���顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>放其上表明使用的所有逻辑块，然后释放该一级块的缓冲块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!block)</span></p>
@@ -57249,39 +57249,39 @@ block_busy = 0;</span></p>
 if (bh=<u><span style='color:blue'>bread</span></u>(dev,block)) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-p = (unsigned short *) bh-&gt;b_data;&nbsp; // </span>ָ�򻺳����������</p>
+p = (unsigned short *) bh-&gt;b_data;&nbsp; // </span>指向缓冲块数据区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for (i=0;i&lt;512;i++,p++)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ÿ���߼����Ͽ�����<span lang=EN-US>512</span>�������顣</p>
+// </span>每个逻辑块上可连接<span lang=EN-US>512</span>个二级块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (*p)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (<u><span style='color:blue'>free_ind</span></u>(dev,*p)) {&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͷ�����һ�μ�ӿ顣</p>
+if (<u><span style='color:blue'>free_ind</span></u>(dev,*p)) {&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>释放所有一次间接块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*p = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���㡣</p>
+*p = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-bh-&gt;b_dirt = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������޸ı�־��</p>
+bh-&gt;b_dirt = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置已修改标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 } else</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-block_busy = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����߼���û���ͷű�־��</p>
+block_busy = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置逻辑块没有释放标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>brelse</span></u>(bh);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ͷŶ��μ�ӿ�ռ�õĻ���顣</p>
+// </span>释放二次间接块占用的缓冲块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷ��豸�ϵĶ��μ�ӿ顣������������߼���û�б��ͷţ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʧ�ܣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后释放设备上的二次间接块。但如果其中有逻辑块没有被释放，则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>（失败）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (block_busy)</span></p>
@@ -57299,10 +57299,10 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>free_block</span></u>(dev,block);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ض��ļ����ݺ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>截断文件数据函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڵ��Ӧ���ļ����Ƚ�Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ͷ�ռ�õ��豸�ռ䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将节点对应的文件长度截为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，并释放占用的设备空间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>truncate</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -57315,12 +57315,12 @@ int i;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int block_busy;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���߼���û�б��ͷŵı�־��</p>
+// </span>有逻辑块没有被释放的标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ж�ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���Ч�ԡ�������ǳ����ļ���Ŀ¼�ļ���������򷵻ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断指定<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点有效性。如果不是常规文件、目录文件或链接项，则返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(<u><span style='color:blue'>S_ISREG</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_mode) || <u><span
@@ -57332,15 +57332,15 @@ style='color:blue'>S_ISDIR</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_mode) ||</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;return;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���ͷ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>��ֱ���߼��飬������<span lang=EN-US>7</span>���߼�����ȫ���㡣����<span
-lang=EN-US>free_block()</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后释放<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>个直接逻辑块，并将这<span lang=EN-US>7</span>个逻辑块项全置零。函数<span
+lang=EN-US>free_block()</span>用于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͷ��豸��ָ���߼���ŵĴ��̿飨<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/bitmap.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>47</span>�У��������߼���æ��û�б��ͷ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>释放设备上指定逻辑块号的磁盘块（<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/bitmap.c</span>第<span lang=EN-US>47</span>行）。若有逻辑块忙而没有被释放</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ÿ�æ��־<span
-lang=EN-US>block_busy</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则置块忙标志<span
+lang=EN-US>block_busy</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>
 repeat:</span></p>
@@ -57353,57 +57353,57 @@ for (i=0;i&lt;7;i++)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (inode-&gt;i_zone[i]) {&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�����Ų�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ͷ�֮��</p>
+</span>如果块号不为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则释放之。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>free_block</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_dev,inode-&gt;i_zone[i]))</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-inode-&gt;i_zone[i]=0;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�� </p>
+inode-&gt;i_zone[i]=0;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块指针置<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。 </p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 else</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-block_busy = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��û���ͷŵ����ñ�־��</p>
+block_busy = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若没有释放掉则置标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>free_ind</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_dev,inode-&gt;i_zone[7]))&nbsp;
-// </span>�ͷ�����һ�μ�ӿ顣</p>
+// </span>释放所有一次间接块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode-&gt;i_zone[7] = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ָ����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+// </span>块指针置<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 else</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 block_busy = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��û���ͷŵ����ñ�־��</p>
+</span>若没有释放掉则置标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>free_dind</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_dev,inode-&gt;i_zone[8]))
-// </span>�ͷ����ж��μ�ӿ顣</p>
+// </span>释放所有二次间接块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode-&gt;i_zone[8] = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ָ����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+// </span>块指针置<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 else</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 block_busy = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��û���ͷŵ����ñ�־��</p>
+</span>若没有释放掉则置标志。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�˺�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸ı�־��������������߼������ڡ�æ����û�б��ͷţ���ѵ�ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此后设置<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改标志，并且如果还有逻辑块由于“忙”而没有被释放，则把当前进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱ��Ƭ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����õ�ǰ�����ȱ��л�ȥ�����������̣��Ե�һ��������ִ���ͷŲ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>运行时间片置<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，以让当前进程先被切换去运行其他进程，稍等一会再重新执行释放操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode-&gt;i_dirt = 1;</span></p>
@@ -57413,7 +57413,7 @@ if (block_busy) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;counter = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ����ʱ��Ƭ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+// </span>当前进程时间片置<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>schedule</span></u>();</span></p>
@@ -57426,15 +57426,15 @@ goto repeat;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode-&gt;i_size = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ���С���㡣</p>
+// </span>文件大小置零。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ļ��޸�ʱ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ı�ʱ��Ϊ��ǰʱ�䡣��<span lang=EN-US> CURRENT_TIME </span>������ͷ�ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后重新置文件修改时间和<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点改变时间为当前时间。宏<span lang=EN-US> CURRENT_TIME </span>定义在头文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // include/linux/sched.h</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>142</span>�д�������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>(startup_time + jiffies/HZ)</span>������ȡ�ô�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // include/linux/sched.h</span>第<span
+lang=EN-US>142</span>行处，定义为<span lang=EN-US>(startup_time + jiffies/HZ)</span>。用于取得从</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1970:0:0:0</span>��ʼ������Ϊֹ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1970:0:0:0</span>开始到现在为止经过的秒数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode-&gt;i_mtime = inode-&gt;i_ctime = <u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT_TIME</span></u>;</span></p>
@@ -57461,7 +57461,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448013"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447417"></a><a name="_Toc53320635"><span lang=EN-US>12.4 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12-4 linux/fs/inode.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>12-4 linux/fs/inode.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -57484,38 +57484,38 @@ linux/fs/inode.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���ͷ�ļ�����Ҫ������һЩ�й��ַ���������Ƕ�뺯����</p>
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串头文件。主要定义了一些有关字符串操作的嵌入函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�״̬ͷ�ļ��������ļ����ļ�ϵͳ״̬�ṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>�ͳ�����</p>
+#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件状态头文件。含有文件或文件系统状态结构<span
+lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>和常量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ݣ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的数据，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����һЩ�й��������������úͻ�ȡ��Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ������䡣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>还有一些有关描述符参数设置和获取的嵌入式汇编函数宏语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/mm.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ����ͷ�ļ�������ҳ���С�����һЩҳ���ͷź���ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/mm.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存管理头文件。含有页面大小定义和一些页面释放函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ������������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵȵ�Ƕ��ʽ���ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义了设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等的嵌入式汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�豸���ݿ�����ָ�����顣ÿ��ָ����ָ��ָ�����豸�ŵ��ܿ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>hd_sizes[]</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设备数据块总数指针数组。每个指针项指向指定主设备号的总块数数组<span
+lang=EN-US>hd_sizes[]</span>。该总</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ÿһ���Ӧ���豸��ȷ����һ�����豸����ӵ�е����ݿ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���С<span lang=EN-US> = 1KB</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块数数组每一项对应子设备号确定的一个子设备上所拥有的数据块总数（<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>块大小<span lang=EN-US> = 1KB</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u> extern
 int *<u><span style='color:blue'>blk_size</span></u>[];</span></p>
@@ -57525,30 +57525,30 @@ int *<u><span style='color:blue'>blk_size</span></u>[];</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>inode_table</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_INODE</span></u>]={{0,},};&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ڴ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����<span lang=EN-US>NR_INODE=32</span>���</p>
+// </span>内存中<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表（<span lang=EN-US>NR_INODE=32</span>项）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>read_inode</span></u>(struct <u><span
-style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode);&nbsp; // </span>��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ŵ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���Ϣ��<span lang=EN-US>297</span>�С�</p>
+style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode);&nbsp; // </span>读指定<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点信息，<span lang=EN-US>297</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>write_inode</span></u>(struct <u><span
-style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode); // </span>д<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���Ϣ�����ٻ����У�<span
-lang=EN-US>324</span>�С�</p>
+style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode); // </span>写<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点信息到高速缓冲中，<span
+lang=EN-US>324</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ȴ�ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>等待指定的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点可用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ѱ��������򽫵�ǰ������Ϊ�����жϵĵȴ�״̬�������ӵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ĵȴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已被锁定，则将当前任务置为不可中断的等待状态，并添加到该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的等待队</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i_wait</span>�С�ֱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��������ȷ�ػ��ѱ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>列<span lang=EN-US>i_wait</span>中。直到该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点解锁并明确地唤醒本任务。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>wait_on_inode</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -57564,7 +57564,7 @@ while (inode-&gt;i_lock)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sleep_on</span></u>(&amp;inode-&gt;i_wait);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// kernel/sched.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>199</span>�С�</p>
+// kernel/sched.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>199</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sti</span></u>();</span></p>
@@ -57573,14 +57573,14 @@ while (inode-&gt;i_lock)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����������ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>对<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点上锁（锁定指定的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ѱ��������򽫵�ǰ������Ϊ�����жϵĵȴ�״̬�������ӵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ĵȴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已被锁定，则将当前任务置为不可中断的等待状态，并添加到该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的等待队</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i_wait</span>�С�ֱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��������ȷ�ػ��ѱ�����Ȼ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>列<span lang=EN-US>i_wait</span>中。直到该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点解锁并明确地唤醒本任务。然后对其上锁。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>lock_inode</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -57599,7 +57599,7 @@ while (inode-&gt;i_lock)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode-&gt;i_lock=1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������־��</p>
+// </span>置锁定标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sti</span></u>();</span></p>
@@ -57608,11 +57608,11 @@ inode-&gt;i_lock=1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>对指定的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点解锁。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��������־������ȷ�ػ��ѵȴ��ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ȴ�����<span lang=EN-US>i_wait</span>�ϵ����н��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复位<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的锁定标志，并明确地唤醒等待在此<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点等待队列<span lang=EN-US>i_wait</span>上的所有进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>unlock_inode</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -57625,17 +57625,17 @@ inode-&gt;i_lock=0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>wake_up</span></u>(&amp;inode-&gt;i_wait);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// kernel/sched.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>204</span>�С�</p>
+// kernel/sched.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>204</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ͷ��豸<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>���ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���е�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>释放设备<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>在内存<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表中的所有<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɨ���ڴ��е�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����飬�����ָ���豸ʹ�õ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ͷ�֮��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扫描内存中的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表数组，如果是指定设备使用的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点就释放之。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>invalidate_inodes</span></u>(int dev)</span></p>
@@ -57650,51 +57650,51 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ָ��ָ���ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���������Ȼ��ɨ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ָ�������е�����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先让指针指向内存<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表数组首项。然后扫描<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表指针数组中的所有<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。针对</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ÿ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�ȵȴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�������ã���Ŀǰ���������Ļ��������ж��Ƿ�����ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其中每个<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，先等待该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点解锁可用（若目前正被上锁的话），再判断是否属于指定</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�豸��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣�����ָ���豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�򿴿����Ƿ񻹱�ʹ���ţ��������ü����Ƿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设备的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。如果是指定设备的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，则看看它是否还被使用着，即其引用计数是否不</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����������ʾ������Ϣ��Ȼ���ͷ�֮������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���豸���ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>i_dev</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>50</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。若是则显示警告信息。然后释放之，即把<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的设备号字段<span lang=EN-US>i_dev</span>置<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。第<span
+lang=EN-US>50</span>行上</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ�븳ֵ <span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;0+inode_table &quot; </span>��ͬ�� <span lang=EN-US>&quot;inode_table&quot;</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;&amp;inode_table[0] &quot;</span>����������д</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的指针赋值 <span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;0+inode_table &quot; </span>等同于 <span lang=EN-US>&quot;inode_table&quot;</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;&amp;inode_table[0] &quot;</span>。不过这样写</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ܸ�����һЩ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>可能更明了一些。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode = 0+<u><span style='color:blue'>inode_table</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ָ���������</p>
+// </span>指向<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表指针数组首项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for(i=0 ; i&lt;<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_INODE</span></u> ; i++,inode++) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>wait_on_inode</span></u>(inode);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ȴ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ã���������</p>
+// </span>等待该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点可用（解锁）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (inode-&gt;i_dev == dev) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (inode-&gt;i_count)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������ʾ�������档</p>
+if (inode-&gt;i_count)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若其引用数不为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则显示出错警告。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>printk</span></u>(<i>&quot;inode in use on removed
 disk\n\r&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-inode-&gt;i_dev = inode-&gt;i_dirt = 0; // </span>�ͷ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>���豸��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0)</span>��</p>
+inode-&gt;i_dev = inode-&gt;i_dirt = 0; // </span>释放<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>置设备号为<span lang=EN-US>0)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
@@ -57706,11 +57706,11 @@ lang=EN-US>(</span>���豸��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0)</span>��</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ͬ������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>同步所有<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����豸��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ͬ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把内存<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表中所有<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点与设备上<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点作同步操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>sync_inodes</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -57725,38 +57725,38 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����͵�ָ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����Ȼ��ɨ������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���еĽڵ㡣���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先让内存<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点类型的指针指向<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表首项，然后扫描整个<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表中的节点。针对</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ÿ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�ȵȴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�������ã���Ŀǰ���������Ļ�����Ȼ���жϸ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其中每个<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，先等待该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点解锁可用（若目前正被上锁的话），然后判断该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƿ��ѱ��޸Ĳ��Ҳ��ǹܵ��ڵ㡣������������򽫸�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�д����ٻ������С�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是否已被修改并且不是管道节点。若是这种情况则将该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点写入高速缓冲区中。缓冲区</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>buffer.c</span>�����ʵ�ʱ��������д�����С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>管理程序<span lang=EN-US>buffer.c</span>会在适当时机将它们写入盘中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode = 0+<u><span style='color:blue'>inode_table</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��ָ������ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ָ���������</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>让指针首先指向<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表指针数组首项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for(i=0 ; i&lt;<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_INODE</span></u> ; i++,inode++) {&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ɨ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ָ�����顣</p>
+// </span>扫描<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表指针数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>wait_on_inode</span></u>(inode);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ȴ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ã���������</p>
+// </span>等待该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点可用（解锁）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (inode-&gt;i_dirt &amp;&amp; !inode-&gt;i_pipe)&nbsp; // </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸��Ҳ��ǹܵ��ڵ㣬</p>
+if (inode-&gt;i_dirt &amp;&amp; !inode-&gt;i_pipe)&nbsp; // </span>若<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改且不是管道节点，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>write_inode</span></u>(inode);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��д�̣�ʵ����д�뻺�����У���</p>
+// </span>则写盘（实际是写入缓冲区中）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
@@ -57765,20 +57765,20 @@ style='color:blue'>write_inode</span></u>(inode);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ļ����ݿ�ӳ�䵽�̿�Ĵ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>λͼ����������<span lang=EN-US>bmap - block map</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>文件数据块映射到盘块的处理操作。（<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>位图处理函数，<span lang=EN-US>bmap - block map</span>）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>inode
-�C </span>�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>block �C </span>�ļ��е����ݿ�ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>create - </span>�������־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>inode
+– </span>文件的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针；<span lang=EN-US>block – </span>文件中的数据块号；<span
+lang=EN-US>create - </span>创建块标志。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�����ָ�����ļ����ݿ�<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>��Ӧ���豸���߼����ϣ��������߼���š����������־</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数把指定的文件数据块<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>对应到设备上逻辑块上，并返回逻辑块号。如果创建标志</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ�������豸�϶�Ӧ�߼��鲻����ʱ�������´��̿飬�����ļ����ݿ�<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>��Ӧ���豸</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>置位，则在设备上对应逻辑块不存在时就申请新磁盘块，返回文件数据块<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>对应在设备</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ϵ��߼���ţ��̿�ţ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>上的逻辑块号（盘块号）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>_bmap</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -57794,11 +57794,11 @@ int i;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ����ļ����ݿ��<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>����Ч�ԡ�������С��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ͣ���������Ŵ���ֱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数文件数据块号<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>的有效性。如果块号小于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则停机。如果块号大于直接</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>����<span lang=EN-US> + </span>��ӿ���<span
-lang=EN-US> + </span>���μ�ӿ����������ļ�ϵͳ��ʾ��Χ����ͣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>块数<span lang=EN-US> + </span>间接块数<span
+lang=EN-US> + </span>二次间接块数，超出文件系统表示范围，则停机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (block&lt;0)</span></p>
@@ -57812,19 +57812,19 @@ if (block &gt;= 7+512+512*512)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;_bmap: block&gt;big&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ������ļ���ŵĴ�Сֵ���Ƿ������˴�����־�ֱ���д���������ÿ��С��<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>����ʹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后根据文件块号的大小值和是否设置了创建标志分别进行处理。如果该块号小于<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>，则使</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֱ�ӿ��ʾ�����������־��λ������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ж�Ӧ�ÿ���߼��飨���Σ��ֶ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用直接块表示。如果创建标志置位，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点中对应该块的逻辑块（区段）字段为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ӧ�豸����һ���̿飨�߼��飩�����ҽ������߼���ţ��̿�ţ������߼����ֶ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>向相应设备申请一磁盘块（逻辑块），并且将盘上逻辑块号（盘块号）填入逻辑块字段中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ı�ʱ�䣬��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸ı�־�� ��󷵻��߼���š� ����<span lang=EN-US>new_block()</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后设置<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点改变时间，置<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改标志。 最后返回逻辑块号。 函数<span lang=EN-US>new_block()</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>bitmap.c</span>�����е�<span
-lang=EN-US>76</span>�п�ʼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义在<span lang=EN-US>bitmap.c</span>程序中第<span
+lang=EN-US>76</span>行开始处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (block&lt;7) {</span></p>
@@ -57838,11 +57838,11 @@ if (create &amp;&amp; !inode-&gt;i_zone[block])</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode-&gt;i_ctime=<u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT_TIME</span></u>; // ctime
-- Change time</span>��</p>
+- Change time</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode-&gt;i_dirt=1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������޸ı�־��</p>
+// </span>设置已修改标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}</span></p>
@@ -57853,25 +57853,25 @@ return inode-&gt;i_zone[block];</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ÿ��<span lang=EN-US>&gt;=7</span>����С��<span
-lang=EN-US>7+512</span>����˵��ʹ�õ���һ�μ�ӿ顣�����һ�μ�ӿ���д�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该块号<span lang=EN-US>&gt;=7</span>，且小于<span
+lang=EN-US>7+512</span>，则说明使用的是一次间接块。下面对一次间接块进行处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ǵ��������Ҹ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ж�Ӧ��ӿ��ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>i_zone[7]</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�������ļ����״�ʹ�ü�ӿ飬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果是创建，并且该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点中对应间接块字段<span lang=EN-US>i_zone[7]</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，表明文件是首次使用间接块，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������һ���̿����ڴ�ż�ӿ���Ϣ��������ʵ�ʴ��̿�������ӿ��ֶ��С�
-Ȼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则需申请一磁盘块用于存放间接块信息，并将此实际磁盘块号填入间接块字段中。
+然后设</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸ı�־���޸�ʱ�䡣
-�������ʱ������̿�ʧ�ܣ����ʱ<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ӿ��ֶ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>置<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改标志和修改时间。
+如果创建时申请磁盘块失败，则此时<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点间接块字段</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i_zone[7]</span>Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����߲��Ǵ�������<span lang=EN-US>i_zone[7]</span>ԭ����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���û�м�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i_zone[7]</span>为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。或者不是创建，但<span lang=EN-US>i_zone[7]</span>原来就为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，表明<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点中没有间</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ӿ飬����ӳ����̿�ʧ�ܣ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接块，于是映射磁盘块失败，返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 block -= 7;</span></p>
@@ -57901,18 +57901,18 @@ if (!inode-&gt;i_zone[7])</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڶ�ȡ�豸�ϸ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��һ�μ�ӿ顣��ȡ�ü�ӿ��ϵ�<span lang=EN-US>block</span>���е��߼���ţ��̿�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在读取设备上该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的一次间接块。并取该间接块上第<span lang=EN-US>block</span>项中的逻辑块号（盘块</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>��ÿһ��ռ<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>���ֽڡ�����Ǵ������Ҽ�ӿ�ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>block</span>���е��߼����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�Ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号）<span lang=EN-US>i</span>。每一项占<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个字节。如果是创建并且间接块的第<span lang=EN-US>block</span>项中的逻辑块号为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的话，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������һ���̿飬���ü�ӿ��еĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>����ڸ����߼����š�Ȼ����λ��ӿ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则申请一磁盘块，并让间接块中的第<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>项等于该新逻辑块块号。然后置位间接块的已</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�޸ı�־��������Ǵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>������Ҫӳ�䣨Ѱ�ң����߼���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>修改标志。如果不是创建，则<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>就是需要映射（寻找）的逻辑块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -57946,8 +57946,8 @@ bh-&gt;b_dirt=1;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷŸü�ӿ�ռ�õĻ���飬�����ش������������ԭ�еĶ�Ӧ<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>���߼����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后释放该间接块占用的缓冲块，并返回磁盘上新申请或原有的对应<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>的逻辑块块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>108</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -57960,25 +57960,25 @@ return i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������е��ˣ���������ݿ����ڶ��μ�ӿ顣�䴦��������һ�μ�ӿ����ơ������Ƕ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若程序运行到此，则表明数据块属于二次间接块。其处理过程与一次间接块类似。下面是对</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���μ�ӿ�Ĵ��������Ƚ�<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>�ټ�ȥ��ӿ������ɵĿ�����<span lang=EN-US>512</span>����Ȼ������Ƿ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>二次间接块的处理。首先将<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>再减去间接块所容纳的块数（<span lang=EN-US>512</span>）。然后根据是否设置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�˴�����־���д�����Ѱ�Ҵ�����������´�������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�Ķ��μ�ӿ��ֶ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>了创建标志进行创建或寻找处理。如果是新创建并且<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的二次间接块字段为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则需申</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ���̿����ڴ�Ŷ��μ�ӿ��һ������Ϣ��������ʵ�ʴ��̿��������μ�ӿ��ֶ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>请一磁盘块用于存放二次间接块的一级块信息，并将此实际磁盘块号填入二次间接块字段</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�С�֮����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸ı��ƺ��޸�ʱ�䡣ͬ���أ��������ʱ������̿�ʧ�ܣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中。之后，置<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改编制和修改时间。同样地，如果创建时申请磁盘块失败，则此</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʱ<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���μ�ӿ��ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i_zone[8]</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����߲��Ǵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>i_zone[8]</span>ԭ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>时<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点二次间接块字段<span
+lang=EN-US>i_zone[8]</span>为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。或者不是创建，但<span
+lang=EN-US>i_zone[8]</span>原来就</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���û�м�ӿ飬����ӳ����̿�ʧ�ܣ�����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，表明<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点中没有间接块，于是映射磁盘块失败，返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>111</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; block -= 512;</span></p>
@@ -58012,22 +58012,22 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڶ�ȡ�豸�ϸ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�Ķ��μ�ӿ顣��ȡ�ö��μ�ӿ��һ�����ϵ� <span lang=EN-US>(block/512)</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在读取设备上该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的二次间接块。并取该二次间接块的一级块上第 <span lang=EN-US>(block/512)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���е��߼����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>������Ǵ������Ҷ��μ�ӿ��һ�����ϵ� <span lang=EN-US>(block/512) </span>���е��߼�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>项中的逻辑块号<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>。如果是创建并且二次间接块的一级块上第 <span lang=EN-US>(block/512) </span>项中的逻辑</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�Ļ�����������һ���̿飨�߼��飩��Ϊ���μ�ӿ�Ķ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�����ö��μ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块号为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的话，则需申请一磁盘块（逻辑块）作为二次间接块的二级块<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>，并让二次间接</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���һ�����е� <span
-lang=EN-US>(block/512)</span>����ڸö�����Ŀ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>��Ȼ����λ���μ�ӿ��һ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块的一级块中第 <span
+lang=EN-US>(block/512)</span>项等于该二级块的块号<span lang=EN-US>i</span>。然后置位二次间接块的一级块已</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�޸ı�־�����ͷŶ��μ�ӿ��һ���顣������Ǵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>������Ҫӳ�䣨Ѱ�ң�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>修改标志。并释放二次间接块的一级块。如果不是创建，则<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>就是需要映射（寻找）的逻</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>辑块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(bh=<u><span
@@ -58065,14 +58065,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>brelse</span></u>(bh);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������μ�ӿ�Ķ�������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ������̿�ʧ�ܻ���ԭ����Ӧ��ž�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果二次间接块的二级块块号为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示申请磁盘块失败或者原来对应块号就为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则返</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�˳�������ʹ��豸�϶�ȡ���μ�ӿ�Ķ����飬��ȡ�ö������ϵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>���е���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>退出。否则就从设备上读取二次间接块的二级块，并取该二级块上第<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>项中的逻</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ţ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>511</span>��Ϊ���޶�<span lang=EN-US>block</span>ֵ������<span lang=EN-US>511</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>辑块号（与上<span
+lang=EN-US>511</span>是为了限定<span lang=EN-US>block</span>值不超过<span lang=EN-US>511</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>128</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!i)</span></p>
@@ -58093,13 +58093,13 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i = ((unsigned
 short *)bh-&gt;b_data)[block&amp;511];</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ǵ������Ҷ�����ĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>�����߼����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�Ļ���������һ���̿飨�߼��飩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果是创建并且二级块的第<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>项中逻辑块号为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的话，则申请一磁盘块（逻辑块），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ���մ��������Ϣ�Ŀ顣���ö������еĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>����ڸ����߼�����<span lang=EN-US>(i)</span>��Ȼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>作为最终存放数据信息的块。并让二级块中的第<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>项等于该新逻辑块块号<span lang=EN-US>(i)</span>。然后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ����������޸ı�־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>置位二级块的已修改标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (create
@@ -58121,8 +58121,8 @@ bh-&gt;b_dirt=1;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷŸö��μ�ӿ�Ķ����飬���ش�����������Ļ�ԭ�еĶ�Ӧ<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>���߼����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后释放该二次间接块的二级块，返回磁盘上新申请的或原有的对应<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>的逻辑块块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -58137,14 +58137,14 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ȡ�ļ����ݿ�<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>���豸�϶�Ӧ���߼���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>取文件数据块<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>在设备上对应的逻辑块号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>inode
-�C </span>�ļ����ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>block �C </span>�ļ��е����ݿ�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>inode
+– </span>文件的内存<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针；<span lang=EN-US>block – </span>文件中的数据块号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ɹ��򷵻ض�Ӧ���߼���ţ����򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若操作成功则返回对应的逻辑块号，否则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>bmap</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -58163,16 +58163,16 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>146</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ȡ�ļ����ݿ�<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>���豸�϶�Ӧ���߼���š������Ӧ���߼��鲻���ھʹ���һ�顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>取文件数据块<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>在设备上对应的逻辑块号。如果对应的逻辑块不存在就创建一块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������豸�϶�Ӧ���߼���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并返回设备上对应的逻辑块号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>inode
-�C </span>�ļ����ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>block �C </span>�ļ��е����ݿ�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>inode
+– </span>文件的内存<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针；<span lang=EN-US>block – </span>文件中的数据块号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ɹ��򷵻ض�Ӧ���߼���ţ����򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若操作成功则返回对应的逻辑块号，否则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>create_block</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -58192,18 +58192,18 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�Żأ����ã�һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��д���豸<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>放回（放置）一个<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US>(</span>回写入设备<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�����Ҫ���ڰ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ü���ֵ�ݼ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���������ǹܵ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���ѵȴ��Ľ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数主要用于把<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点引用计数值递减<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，并且若是管道<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，则唤醒等待的进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǿ��豸�ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ˢ���豸��������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����Ӽ���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ͷŸ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ռ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若是块设备文件<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点则刷新设备。并且若<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的链接计数为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则释放该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点占用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����д����߼��飬���ͷŸ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的所有磁盘逻辑块，并释放该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>iput</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -58212,14 +58212,14 @@ style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����Ч�ԣ����ȴ�<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>�ڵ����������������Ļ��������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数给出的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的有效性，并等待<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>节点解锁（如果已上锁的话）。如果<span
 lang=EN-US>i</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵ�����ü���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ѿ��ǿ��еġ��ں���Ҫ�������зŻز�����˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>节点的引用计数为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已经是空闲的。内核再要求对其进行放回操作，说明内</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������������⡣������ʾ������Ϣ��ͣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>核中其他代码有问题。于是显示错误信息并停机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!inode)</span></p>
@@ -58241,14 +58241,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;iput: trying to free free
 inode&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ǹܵ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���ѵȴ��ùܵ��Ľ��̣����ô�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��������������򷵻ء�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果是管道<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，则唤醒等待该管道的进程，引用次数减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，如果还有引用则返回。否则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͷŹܵ�ռ�õ��ڴ�ҳ�棬����λ�ýڵ�����ü���ֵ�����޸ı�־�͹ܵ���־�������ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>释放管道占用的内存页面，并复位该节点的引用计数值、已修改标志和管道标志，并返回。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڹܵ��ڵ㣬<span
-lang=EN-US>inode-&gt;i_size</span>������ڴ�ҳ��ַ���μ�<span lang=EN-US>get_pipe_inode()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>231</span>��<span lang=EN-US>237</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于管道节点，<span
+lang=EN-US>inode-&gt;i_size</span>存放着内存页地址。参见<span lang=EN-US>get_pipe_inode()</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>231</span>，<span lang=EN-US>237</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
@@ -58294,11 +58294,11 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>169</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ӧ���豸��<span
-lang=EN-US> = 0</span>���򽫴˽ڵ�����ü����ݼ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ء��������ڹܵ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点对应的设备号<span
+lang=EN-US> = 0</span>，则将此节点的引用计数递减<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，返回。例如用于管道操作的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ㣬��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���豸��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点，其<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的设备号为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
@@ -58315,10 +58315,10 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>173</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ǿ��豸�ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��ʱ�߼����ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>i_zone[0]</span>�������豸�ţ���ˢ�¸��豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果是块设备文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，此时逻辑块字段<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（<span lang=EN-US>i_zone[0]</span>）中是设备号，则刷新该设备。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȴ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并等待<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点解锁。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>174</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -58335,22 +58335,22 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>177</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����ü�������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��������ݼ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���ֱ�ӷ��أ���Ϊ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㻹�������ã�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的引用计数大于<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，则计数递减<span lang=EN-US>1</span>后就直接返回（因为该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点还有人在用，不能</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>�ͷţ��������˵��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����ü���ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����Ϊ��<span lang=EN-US>157</span>���Ѿ��жϹ����ü����Ƿ�Ϊ�㣩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>释放），否则就说明<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的引用计数值为<span lang=EN-US>1</span>（因为第<span lang=EN-US>157</span>行已经判断过引用计数是否为零）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����˵��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ӧ�ļ���ɾ���������ͷŸ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�������߼��飬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的链接数为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则说明<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点对应文件被删除。于是释放该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的所有逻辑块，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ͷŸ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣����<span
-lang=EN-US>free_inode()</span>����ʵ���ͷ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����������λ<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并释放该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。函数<span
+lang=EN-US>free_inode()</span>用于实际释放<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点操作，即复位<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点对应的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ͼ����λ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹ���ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>图比特位，清空<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>178</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> repeat:</span></p>
@@ -58381,7 +58381,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>185</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>free_inode</span></u>(inode);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// bitmap.c </span>��<span lang=EN-US>108</span>�п�ʼ����</p>
+// bitmap.c </span>第<span lang=EN-US>108</span>行开始处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>186</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -58390,14 +58390,14 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>187</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��������޸ģ����д���¸�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���ȴ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����������������д<span lang=EN-US>i</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已作过修改，则回写更新该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并等待该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点解锁。由于这里在写<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ��Ҫ�ȴ�˯�ߣ���ʱ���������п����޸ĸ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬����ڽ��̱����Ѻ���Ҫ�ٴ��ظ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>点时需要等待睡眠，此时其他进程有可能修改该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，因此在进程被唤醒后需要再次重复</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������жϹ��̣�<span
-lang=EN-US>repeat</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进行上述判断过程（<span
+lang=EN-US>repeat</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
@@ -58411,7 +58411,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>wait_on_inode</span></u>(inode);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>��Ϊ����˯���ˣ�������Ҫ�ظ��ж�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>因为我们睡眠了，所以需要重复判断<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>191</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -58420,14 +58420,14 @@ goto repeat;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>192</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ִ�е��ˣ���˵����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����ü���ֵ<span lang=EN-US>i_count</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����������Ϊ�㣬��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程序若能执行到此，则说明该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的引用计数值<span lang=EN-US>i_count</span>是<span lang=EN-US>1</span>、链接数不为零，并且内容</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>û�б��޸Ĺ�����˴�ʱֻҪ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ü����ݼ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ء���ʱ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i_count=0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>没有被修改过。因此此时只要把<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点引用计数递减<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，返回。此时该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的<span
+lang=EN-US>i_count=0</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ���ͷš�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>表示已释放。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -58442,12 +58442,12 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>196</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>inode_table</span>���л�ȡһ������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>从<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表（<span
+lang=EN-US>inode_table</span>）中获取一个空闲<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点项。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ѱ�����ü���<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬������д�̺����㣬������ָ�롣���ü�������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>寻找引用计数<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并将其写盘后清零，返回其指针。引用计数被置<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>197</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -58463,8 +58463,8 @@ style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>200</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; static struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * last_inode = <u><span style='color:
-blue'>inode_table</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�</p>
+blue'>inode_table</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指向<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>201</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;int i;</span></p>
@@ -58472,23 +58472,23 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;int i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>202</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڳ�ʼ��<span lang=EN-US>last_inode</span>ָ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ͷһ���ѭ��ɨ������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在初始化<span lang=EN-US>last_inode</span>指针指向<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表头一项后循环扫描整个<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表。如果<span
 lang=EN-US>last_inode</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ѿ�ָ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��֮������������ָ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ʼ�����Լ���ѭ��Ѱ�ҿ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>已经指向<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表的最后<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>项之后，则让其重新指向<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表开始处，以继续循环寻找空闲</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// i</span>�ڵ����� <span
-lang=EN-US>last_inode</span>��ָ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ļ���ֵΪ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����˵�������ҵ�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// i</span>节点项。如果 <span
+lang=EN-US>last_inode</span>所指向的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的计数值为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则说明可能找到空闲<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点项。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>ָ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����޸ı�־��������־��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�������ǿ���ʹ�ø�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>让<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>指向该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。如果该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的已修改标志和锁定标志均为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则我们可以使用该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ㣬�����˳�<span
-lang=EN-US>for</span>ѭ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点，于是退出<span
+lang=EN-US>for</span>循环。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>203</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; do {</span></p>
@@ -58500,7 +58500,7 @@ inode = <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for (i = <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_INODE</span></u>; i ; i--) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// NR_INODE = 32</span>��</p>
+// NR_INODE = 32</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>206</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -58535,8 +58535,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���û���ҵ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣨<span lang=EN-US>inode = NULL</span>������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ӡ����������ʹ�ã���ͣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果没有找到空闲<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点（<span lang=EN-US>inode = NULL</span>），则将<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表打印出来供调试使用，并停机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>214</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -58564,11 +58564,11 @@ mem&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����������ֱ������Ļ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸ı�־����λ�Ļ����򽫸�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点解锁（如果又被上锁的话）。如果该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改标志被置位的话，则将该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ�ˢ�£�ͬ��������Ϊˢ��ʱ���ܻ�˯�ߣ������Ҫ�ٴ�ѭ���ȴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点刷新（同步）。因为刷新时可能会睡眠，因此需要再次循环等待该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点解锁。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>220</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
@@ -58594,14 +58594,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } while
 (inode-&gt;i_count);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ֱ�����ռ�õĻ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ļ���ֵ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�ˣ���������Ѱ�ҿ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点又被其他占用的话（<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的计数值不为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>了），则重新寻找空闲<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。否则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>˵�����ҵ�����Ҫ��Ŀ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���򽫸�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����������㣬�������ü���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>说明已找到符合要求的空闲<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点项。则将该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点项内容清零，并置引用计数为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，返回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>226</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -58620,16 +58620,16 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>230</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ȡ�ܵ��ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>获取管道节点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ɨ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����Ѱ��һ������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ȼ��ȡ��һҳ�����ڴ湩�ܵ�ʹ�á�Ȼ�󽫵�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先扫描<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表，寻找一个空闲<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点项，然后取得一页空闲内存供管道使用。然后将得</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����ü�����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>2(</span>���ߺ�д��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>����ʼ���ܵ�ͷ��β����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�Ĺܵ����ͱ�ʾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>到的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的引用计数置为<span
+lang=EN-US>2(</span>读者和写者<span lang=EN-US>)</span>，初始化管道头和尾，置<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的管道类型表示。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�룬���ʧ���򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回为<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针，如果失败则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>231</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -58645,14 +58645,14 @@ style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>234</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȴ��ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ȡ��һ������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣����Ҳ�������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��Ȼ��Ϊ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先从内存<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表中取得一个空闲<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。如果找不到空闲<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点则返回<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。然后为该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ�����һҳ�ڴ棬���ýڵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i_size</span>�ֶ�ָ���ҳ�档�����û�п����ڴ棬���ͷŸ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点申请一页内存，并让节点的<span
+lang=EN-US>i_size</span>字段指向该页面。如果已没有空闲内存，则释放该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ㣬������<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点，并返回<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>235</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(inode = <u><span
@@ -58665,7 +58665,7 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>237</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
 (!(inode-&gt;i_size=<u><span style='color:blue'>get_free_page</span></u>())) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ڵ��<span lang=EN-US>i_size</span>�ֶ�ָ�򻺳�����</p>
+// </span>节点的<span lang=EN-US>i_size</span>字段指向缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>238</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -58678,31 +58678,31 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>240</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����ø�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����ü���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>������λ��λ�ܵ�ͷβָ�롣<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��߼��������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后设置该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的引用计数为<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>，并复位复位管道头尾指针。<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点逻辑块号数组<span
 lang=EN-US>i_zone[]</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i_zone[0]</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>i_zone[1]</span>�зֱ�������Źܵ�ͷ�͹ܵ�βָ�롣�������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ǹܵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的<span lang=EN-US>i_zone[0]</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>i_zone[1]</span>中分别用来存放管道头和管道尾指针。最后设置<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点是管道<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���־�����ظ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>点标志并返回该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>241</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_count =
 2;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* sum of readers/writers */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д�����ܼ�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写两者总计<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>242</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>PIPE_HEAD</span></u>(*inode) = <u><span style='color:blue'>PIPE_TAIL</span></u>(*inode)
-= 0;&nbsp; // </span>��λ�ܵ�ͷβָ�롣</p>
+= 0;&nbsp; // </span>复位管道头尾指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>243</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_pipe =
 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ýڵ�Ϊ�ܵ�ʹ�õı�־��</p>
+// </span>置节点为管道使用的标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>244</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return inode;</span></p>
@@ -58713,25 +58713,25 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>246</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ȡ��һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>取得一个<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>dev
-- </span>�豸�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>nr - i</span>�ڵ�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>dev
+- </span>设备号；<span lang=EN-US>nr - i</span>节点号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸�϶�ȡָ���ڵ�ŵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹ���ݵ��ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���У����ҷ��ظ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从设备上读取指定节点号的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构内容到内存<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表中，并且返回该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������λ�ڸ��ٻ������е�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������Ѱ�����ҵ�ָ���ڵ�ŵ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ھ���һЩ�ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先在位于高速缓冲区中的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表中搜寻，若找到指定节点号的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点则在经过一些判断</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����󷵻ظ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�롣������豸<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>�϶�ȡָ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ŵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���Ϣ����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处理后返回该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针。否则从设备<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>上读取指定<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点信息放入<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�У������ظ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中，并返回该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>247</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -58747,11 +58747,11 @@ style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode, * empty;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>250</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ�����Ч�ԡ����豸����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��������ں˴������⣬��ʾ������Ϣ��ͣ����Ȼ��Ԥ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数有效性。若设备号是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则表明内核代码问题，显示出错信息并停机。然后预</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�ȴ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ȡһ������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㱸�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>先从<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表中取一个空闲<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点备用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>251</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!dev)</span></p>
@@ -58764,10 +58764,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; empty = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>get_empty_inode</span></u>();</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ɨ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����Ѱ�Ҳ���ָ���ڵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣�������ýڵ�����ô����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着扫描<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表。寻找参数指定节点号<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。并递增该节点的引用次数。如果当</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ǰɨ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���豸�Ų�����ָ�����豸�Ż��߽ڵ�Ų�����ָ���Ľڵ�ţ������ɨ�衣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>前扫描<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的设备号不等于指定的设备号或者节点号不等于指定的节点号，则继续扫描。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>254</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode = <u><span
@@ -58794,14 +58794,14 @@ continue;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ҵ�ָ���豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>dev </span>�ͽڵ��<span lang=EN-US> nr </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��ȴ��ýڵ����������������Ļ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果找到指定设备号<span
+lang=EN-US>dev </span>和节点号<span lang=EN-US> nr </span>的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，则等待该节点解锁（如果已上锁的话）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵȴ��ýڵ���������У�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����ܻᷢ���仯�������ٴν���������ͬ�жϡ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在等待该节点解锁过程中，<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表可能会发生变化。所以再次进行上述相同判断。如果发</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���˱仯�����ٴ�����ɨ������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>生了变化，则再次重新扫描整个<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>260</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -58823,17 +58823,17 @@ continue;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ʾ�ҵ���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣���ǽ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ü�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ȼ��������һ����飬����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>到这里表示找到相应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。于是将该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点引用计数增<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。然后再作进一步检查，看它</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƿ�����һ���ļ�ϵͳ�İ�װ�㡣������Ѱ�ұ���װ�ļ�ϵͳ���ڵ㲢���ء������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是否是另一个文件系统的安装点。若是则寻找被安装文件系统根节点并返回。如果该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȷ�������ļ�ϵͳ�İ�װ�㣬���ڳ����������Ѱ��װ�ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ĳ����顣���û����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的确是其他文件系统的安装点，则在超级块表中搜寻安装在此<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的超级块。如果没有找</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ʾ������Ϣ�����Żر�������ʼʱ��ȡ�Ŀ��нڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>empty</span>�����ظ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>到，则显示出错信息，并放回本函数开始时获取的空闲节点<span
+lang=EN-US>empty</span>，返回该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>265</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -58888,15 +58888,15 @@ return inode;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�е������ʾ�Ѿ��ҵ���װ��<span
-lang=EN-US>inode</span>�ڵ���ļ�ϵͳ�����顣���ǽ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�д�̷Żأ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行到这里表示已经找到安装到<span
+lang=EN-US>inode</span>节点的文件系统超级块。于是将该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点写盘放回，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ӱ�װ�ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ϵ��ļ�ϵͳ��������ȡ�豸�ţ�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>ROOT_INO</span>����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并从安装在此<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点上的文件系统超级块中取设备号，并令<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号为<span
+lang=EN-US>ROOT_INO</span>，即为<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ������ɨ������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����Ի�ȡ�ñ���װ�ļ�ϵͳ�ĸ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后重新扫描整个<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表，以获取该被安装文件系统的根<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>278</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
@@ -58922,10 +58922,10 @@ continue;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ҵ�����Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣��˿��Է�����������ʼ����ʱ����Ŀ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最终我们找到了相应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。因此可以放弃本函数开始处临时申请的空闲<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ҵ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>找到的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>284</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -58942,13 +58942,13 @@ return inode;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>287</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����û���ҵ�ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬������ǰ������Ŀ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>empty</span>��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果我们在<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表中没有找到指定的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，则利用前面申请的空闲<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US>empty</span>在<span
 lang=EN-US>i</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵ���н�����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣������Ӧ�豸�϶�ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���Ϣ�����ظ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>节点表中建立该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。并从相应设备上读取该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点信息，返回该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>288</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!empty)</span></p>
@@ -58963,12 +58963,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode=empty;</span><
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>291</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_dev =
 dev;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���豸��</p>
+// </span>设置<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>292</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_num =
 nr;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�š�</p>
+// </span>设置<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>293</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -58983,23 +58983,23 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>296</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ȡָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>读取指定<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸�϶�ȡ����ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���Ϣ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��̿飬Ȼ���Ƶ�ָ����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹ�С�
-Ϊ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从设备上读取含有指定<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点信息的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点盘块，然后复制到指定的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构中。
+为了</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȷ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ڵ��豸�߼���ţ��򻺳�飩���������ȶ�ȡ��Ӧ�豸�ϵĳ����飬�Ի�ȡ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>确定<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点所在的设备逻辑块号（或缓冲块），必须首先读取相应设备上的超级块，以获取</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڼ����߼���ŵ�ÿ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����Ϣ<span lang=EN-US> INODES_PER_BLOCK</span>�� �ڼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ڵ��߼���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用于计算逻辑块号的每块<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点数信息<span lang=EN-US> INODES_PER_BLOCK</span>。 在计算出<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点所在的逻辑块</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ź󣬾ͰѸ��߼������һ������С�Ȼ��ѻ��������Ӧλ�ô���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ݸ��Ƶ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号后，就把该逻辑块读入一缓冲块中。然后把缓冲块中相应位置处的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点内容复制到参数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ����λ�ô���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指定的位置处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>297</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>read_inode</span></u>(struct
@@ -59022,7 +59022,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int block;</span></p
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>302</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��ȡ�ýڵ������豸�ĳ����顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先锁定该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并取该节点所在设备的超级块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>303</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -59037,32 +59037,32 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;trying to read inode
 without dev&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ڵ��豸�߼����<span
-lang=EN-US> = (</span>������<span lang=EN-US> + </span>������<span lang=EN-US>) + i</span>�ڵ�λͼռ�õĿ���<span
-lang=EN-US> + </span>�߼���λ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点所在的设备逻辑块号<span
+lang=EN-US> = (</span>启动块<span lang=EN-US> + </span>超级块<span lang=EN-US>) + i</span>节点位图占用的块数<span
+lang=EN-US> + </span>逻辑块位</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͼռ�õĿ���<span
-lang=EN-US> + (i</span>�ڵ��<span lang=EN-US>-1)/</span>ÿ�麬�е�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�������Ȼ<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�Ŵ�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʼ��ţ�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>图占用的块数<span
+lang=EN-US> + (i</span>节点号<span lang=EN-US>-1)/</span>每块含有的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点数。虽然<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号从<span lang=EN-US>0</span>开始编号，但第<span lang=EN-US>1</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㲻�ã����Ҵ�����Ҳ�������Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹ����˴��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���̿��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个<span lang=EN-US>0</span>号<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点不用，并且磁盘上也不保存对应的<span lang=EN-US>0</span>号<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构。因此存放<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的盘块的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���ϱ������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������<span lang=EN-US>1--16</span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹ������<span
-lang=EN-US>0--15</span>�ġ�������������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>块上保存的是<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号是是<span lang=EN-US>1--16</span>的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构而不是<span
+lang=EN-US>0--15</span>的。因此在上面计算<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ŷ�Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹ�����̿�ʱ��Ҫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������<span lang=EN-US>B =(i</span>�ڵ��<span lang=EN-US>-1)/</span>ÿ�麬��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>点号对应的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构所在盘块时需要减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，即：<span lang=EN-US>B =(i</span>节点号<span lang=EN-US>-1)/</span>每块含有<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���磬�ڵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>16</span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹӦ����<span lang=EN-US>B=(16-1)/16
-= 0</span>�Ŀ��ϡ� �������Ǵ��豸�϶�ȡ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>例如，节点号<span
+lang=EN-US>16</span>的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构应该在<span lang=EN-US>B=(16-1)/16
+= 0</span>的块上。 这里我们从设备上读取该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ����ڵ��߼��飬������ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ݵ�<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>ָ����ָλ�ô���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点所在的逻辑块，并复制指定<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点内容到<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>指针所指位置处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>306</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; block = 2 +
@@ -59094,10 +59094,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[(inode-&gt;i_num-1)%<u><span
 style='color:blue'>INODES_PER_BLOCK</span></u>];</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷŶ���Ļ���飬��������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣���ڿ��豸�ļ�������Ҫ����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ļ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后释放读入的缓冲块，并解锁该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。对于块设备文件，还需要设置<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的文件最大</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>313</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -59109,7 +59109,7 @@ style='color:blue'>S_ISBLK</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_mode)) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>315</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-int i = inode-&gt;i_zone[0];&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڿ��豸�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>i_zone[0]</span>�����豸�š�</p>
+int i = inode-&gt;i_zone[0];&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于块设备文件，<span lang=EN-US>i_zone[0]</span>中是设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>316</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if
@@ -59141,19 +59141,19 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>323</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���Ϣд�뻺�����С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点信息写入缓冲区中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú����Ѳ���ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�д�뻺������Ӧ�Ļ�����У���������ˢ��ʱ��д�����С�Ϊ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数把参数指定的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点写入缓冲区相应的缓冲块中，待缓冲区刷新时会写入盘中。为了</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȷ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ڵ��豸�߼���ţ��򻺳�飩���������ȶ�ȡ��Ӧ�豸�ϵĳ����飬�Ի�ȡ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>确定<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点所在的设备逻辑块号（或缓冲块），必须首先读取相应设备上的超级块，以获取</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڼ����߼���ŵ�ÿ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����Ϣ<span lang=EN-US> INODES_PER_BLOCK</span>�� �ڼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ڵ��߼���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用于计算逻辑块号的每块<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点数信息<span lang=EN-US> INODES_PER_BLOCK</span>。 在计算出<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点所在的逻辑块</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ź󣬾ͰѸ��߼������һ������С�Ȼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ݸ��Ƶ���������Ӧλ�ô���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号后，就把该逻辑块读入一缓冲块中。然后把<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点内容复制到缓冲块的相应位置处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>324</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static void <u><span style='color:blue'>write_inode</span></u>(struct
@@ -59176,13 +59176,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int block;</span></p
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>329</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�û�б��޸Ĺ����߸�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���豸�ŵ����㣬�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先锁定该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，如果该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点没有被修改过或者该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的设备号等于零，则解锁该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ㣬���˳�������û�б��޸Ĺ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�������뻺�����л��豸�е���ͬ�� Ȼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点，并退出。对于没有被修改过的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，其内容与缓冲区中或设备中的相同。 然后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ĳ����顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>获取该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的超级块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>330</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -59212,16 +59212,16 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;trying to write inode
 without device&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ڵ��豸�߼����<span
-lang=EN-US> = (</span>������<span lang=EN-US> + </span>������<span lang=EN-US>) + i</span>�ڵ�λͼռ�õĿ���<span
-lang=EN-US> + </span>�߼���λ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点所在的设备逻辑块号<span
+lang=EN-US> = (</span>启动块<span lang=EN-US> + </span>超级块<span lang=EN-US>) + i</span>节点位图占用的块数<span
+lang=EN-US> + </span>逻辑块位</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͼռ�õĿ���<span
-lang=EN-US> + (i</span>�ڵ��<span lang=EN-US>-1)/</span>ÿ�麬�е�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>���Ǵ��豸�϶�ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ڵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>图占用的块数<span
+lang=EN-US> + (i</span>节点号<span lang=EN-US>-1)/</span>每块含有的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点数。<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>我们从设备上读取该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点所在的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�߼��飬������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���Ϣ���Ƶ��߼����Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����λ�ô���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>逻辑块，并将该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点信息复制到逻辑块对应该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的项位置处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>337</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; block = 2 +
@@ -59252,11 +59252,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *(struct <u><span style='color:blue'>d_inode</span></u> *)inode;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���û��������޸ı�־����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������Ѿ��뻺�����е�һ�£�����޸ı�־���㡣Ȼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后置缓冲区已修改标志，而<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点内容已经与缓冲区中的一致，因此修改标志置零。然后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͷŸú���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�Ļ���������������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>释放该含有<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的缓冲区，并解锁该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>344</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh-&gt;b_dirt=1;</span></p>
@@ -59292,7 +59292,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448014"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447418"></a><a name="_Toc53320645"><span lang=EN-US>12.5 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12-5 linux/fs/super.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>12-5 linux/fs/super.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -59323,47 +59323,47 @@ super.c contains code to handle the super-block tables.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * super.c</span>�����к��д�����������Ĵ��롣
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * super.c</span>程序中含有处理超级块表的代码。
 </p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/config.h&gt; // </span>�ں�����ͷ�ļ�������������Ժ�Ӳ�����ͣ�<span lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>����ѡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/config.h&gt; // </span>内核配置头文件。定义键盘语言和硬盘类型（<span lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>）可选项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ݣ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的数据，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����һЩ�й��������������úͻ�ȡ��Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ������䡣</p>
+// </span>还有一些有关描述符参数设置和获取的嵌入式汇编函数宏语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ������������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵȵ�Ƕ��ʽ���ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义了设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等的嵌入式汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�״̬ͷ�ļ��������ļ����ļ�ϵͳ״̬�ṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>�ͳ�����</p>
+#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件状态头文件。含有文件或文件系统状态结构<span
+lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>和常量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ���豸ִ�и��ٻ������豸�����ݵ�ͬ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/buffer.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>59</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对指定设备执行高速缓冲与设备上数据的同步操作（<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/buffer.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>59</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sync_dev</span></u>(int dev);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�ȴ�������<span lang=EN-US>kernel/chr_drv/tty_io.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>140</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>等待击键（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/chr_drv/tty_io.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>140</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>wait_for_keypress</span></u>(void);</span></p>
@@ -59373,34 +59373,34 @@ void <u><span style='color:blue'>wait_for_keypress</span></u>(void);</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u> <b><i>/*
 set_bit uses setb, as gas doesn't recognize setc */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* set_bit()</span>ʹ����<span
-lang=EN-US>setb</span>ָ���Ϊ��������<span lang=EN-US>gas</span>����ʶ��ָ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* set_bit()</span>使用了<span
+lang=EN-US>setb</span>指令，因为汇编编译器<span lang=EN-US>gas</span>不能识别指令<span
 lang=EN-US>setc */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����ָ��λƫ�ƴ�����λ��ֵ�������ظ�ԭ����λֵ��Ӧ��ȡ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>test_bit()</span>����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>测试指定位偏移处比特位的值，并返回该原比特位值（应该取名为<span
+lang=EN-US>test_bit()</span>更妥帖）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ƕ��ʽ���ꡣ����<span
-lang=EN-US>bitnr</span>�Ǳ���λƫ��ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>�ǲ��Ա���λ��������ʼ��ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>嵌入式汇编宏。参数<span
+lang=EN-US>bitnr</span>是比特位偏移值，<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>是测试比特位操作的起始地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - ax(__res)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - 0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 - bitnr</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%3
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - ax(__res)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - 0</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2 - bitnr</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%3
 - addr</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>23</span>�ж�����һ���ֲ��Ĵ����������ñ�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>�Ĵ����У��Ա��ڸ�Ч���ʺ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>23</span>行定义了一个局部寄存器变量。该变量将被保存在<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>寄存器中，以便于高效访问和</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>24</span>����ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>bt </span>���ڶԱ���λ���в��ԣ�<span lang=EN-US>Bit Test</span>��������ѵ�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%3</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>操作。第<span lang=EN-US>24</span>行上指令<span
+lang=EN-US>bt </span>用于对比特位进行测试（<span lang=EN-US>Bit Test</span>）。它会把地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>（<span lang=EN-US>%3</span>）和</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����λƫ����<span
-lang=EN-US>bitnr</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2</span>��ָ���ı���λ��ֵ�����λ��־<span
-lang=EN-US>CF </span>�С� ָ��<span lang=EN-US>setb</span>���ڸ��ݽ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>比特位偏移量<span
+lang=EN-US>bitnr</span>（<span lang=EN-US>%2</span>）指定的比特位的值放入进位标志<span
+lang=EN-US>CF </span>中。 指令<span lang=EN-US>setb</span>用于根据进</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ��־<span lang=EN-US>CF</span>���ò�����<span
-lang=EN-US>%al</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>CF = 1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%al = 1</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>%al = 0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位标志<span lang=EN-US>CF</span>设置操作数<span
+lang=EN-US>%al</span>。如果<span lang=EN-US>CF = 1</span>则<span lang=EN-US>%al = 1</span>，否则<span
+lang=EN-US>%al = 0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u> #define
 <u><span style='color:blue'>set_bit</span></u>(bitnr,addr) ({ \</span></p>
@@ -59420,31 +59420,31 @@ __res; })</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_SUPER</span></u>];&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ṹ�����飨<span lang=EN-US>NR_SUPER = 8</span>����</p>
+// </span>超级块结构表数组（<span lang=EN-US>NR_SUPER = 8</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u> <b><i>/*
 this is initialized in init/main.c */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* ROOT_DEV</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span>�б���ʼ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* ROOT_DEV</span>已在<span
+lang=EN-US>init/main.c</span>中被初始化<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>ROOT_DEV</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ļ�ϵͳ�豸�š�</p>
+// </span>根文件系统设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>lock_super()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>free_super()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>wait_on_super()</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>inode.c</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个函数（<span
+lang=EN-US>lock_super()</span>、<span lang=EN-US>free_super()</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>wait_on_super()</span>）的作用与<span lang=EN-US>inode.c</span>文</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷ<span lang=EN-US>3</span>��������������ͬ��ֻ����������Ķ��󻻳��˳����顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>件中头<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个函数的作用雷同，只是这里操作的对象换成了超级块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���������顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>锁定超级块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ѱ��������򽫵�ǰ������Ϊ�����жϵĵȴ�״̬�������ӵ��ó�����ȴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果超级块已被锁定，则将当前任务置为不可中断的等待状态，并添加到该超级块等待队</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>s_wait</span>�С�ֱ���ó������������ȷ�ػ��ѱ�����Ȼ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>列<span lang=EN-US>s_wait</span>中。直到该超级块解锁并明确地唤醒本任务。然后对其上锁。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>lock_super</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -59454,34 +59454,34 @@ style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u> * sb)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>cli</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���жϡ�</p>
+// </span>关中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while (sb-&gt;s_lock)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����ó������Ѿ���������˯�ߵȴ���</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>如果该超级块已经上锁，则睡眠等待。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sleep_on</span></u>(&amp;(sb-&gt;s_wait));&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// kernel/sched.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>199</span>�С�</p>
+// kernel/sched.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>199</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 sb-&gt;s_lock = 1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ó������������������־����</p>
+// </span>给该超级块加锁（置锁定标志）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sti</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���жϡ�</p>
+// </span>开中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ָ�������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>对指定超级块解锁。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ�������������־������ȷ�ػ��ѵȴ��ڴ˳�����ȴ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>s_wait</span>�ϵ����н��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复位超级块的锁定标志，并明确地唤醒等待在此超级块等待队列<span
+lang=EN-US>s_wait</span>上的所有进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>ulock_super</span>�����������ܸ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果使用<span lang=EN-US>ulock_super</span>这个名称则可能更妥帖。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>free_super</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -59494,25 +59494,25 @@ style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u> * sb)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 sb-&gt;s_lock = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��λ������־��</p>
+// </span>复位锁定标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>wake_up</span></u>(&amp;(sb-&gt;s_wait));&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���ѵȴ��ó�����Ľ��̡�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>唤醒等待该超级块的进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sti</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// wake_up()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>188</span>�С�</p>
+// wake_up()</span>在<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>188</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>˯�ߵȴ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>睡眠等待超级块解锁。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ѱ��������򽫵�ǰ������Ϊ�����жϵĵȴ�״̬�������ӵ��ó�����ĵȴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果超级块已被锁定，则将当前任务置为不可中断的等待状态，并添加到该超级块的等待队</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>s_wait</span>�С�ֱ���ó������������ȷ�ػ��ѱ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>列<span lang=EN-US>s_wait</span>中。直到该超级块解锁并明确地唤醒本任务。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>wait_on_super</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -59525,7 +59525,7 @@ style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u> * sb)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while (sb-&gt;s_lock)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����������Ѿ���������˯�ߵȴ���</p>
+// </span>如果超级块已经上锁，则睡眠等待。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sleep_on</span></u>(&amp;(sb-&gt;s_wait));</span></p>
@@ -59537,12 +59537,12 @@ while (sb-&gt;s_lock)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ȡָ���豸�ĳ����顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>取指定设备的超级块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڳ�����������飩������ָ���豸<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>�ĳ�����ṹ��Ϣ�����ҵ��򷵻س������ָ�룬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在超级块表（数组）中搜索指定设备<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>的超级块结构信息。若找到则返回超级块的指针，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���򷵻ؿ�ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>否则返回空指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -59552,19 +59552,19 @@ style='color:blue'>get_super</span></u>(int dev)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u> * s;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-s</span>�ǳ��������ݽṹָ�롣</p>
+s</span>是超级块数据结构指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ��������豸����Ч�ԡ����豸��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�򷵻ؿ�ָ�롣Ȼ����<span lang=EN-US>s</span>ָ�򳬼�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数给出设备的有效性。若设备号为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>则返回空指针。然后让<span lang=EN-US>s</span>指向超级块数组</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ������ʼ�����������������飬��Ѱ��ָ���豸<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>�ĳ����顣 ��<span lang=EN-US>62</span>���ϵ�ָ�븳</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>起始处，开始搜索整个超级块数组，以寻找指定设备<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>的超级块。 第<span lang=EN-US>62</span>行上的指针赋</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֵ���<span lang=EN-US>&quot;s
-= 0+super_block&quot; </span>��ͬ�� <span lang=EN-US>&quot;s = super_block&quot;</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;s = &amp;super_block[0]&quot;</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>值语句<span lang=EN-US>&quot;s
+= 0+super_block&quot; </span>等同于 <span lang=EN-US>&quot;s = super_block&quot;</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;s = &amp;super_block[0]&quot;</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!dev)</span></p>
@@ -59579,16 +59579,16 @@ s = 0+<u><span style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u>;</span></p>
 while (s &lt; <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_SUPER</span></u>+<u><span
 style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u>)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ��������ָ���豸�ĳ����飬���ó�������豸���ֶ�ֵ�뺯������ָ������ͬ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前搜索项是指定设备的超级块，即该超级块的设备号字段值与函数参数指定的相同，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȵȴ��ó�������������ѱ��������������Ļ������ڵȴ��ڼ䣬�ó��������п��ܱ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则先等待该超级块解锁（若已被其他进程上锁的话）。在等待期间，该超级块项有可能被</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����豸ʹ�ã���˵ȴ�����֮�������ж�һ���Ƿ���ָ���豸�ĳ����飬������򷵻�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其他设备使用，因此等待返回之后需再判断一次是否是指定设备的超级块，如果是则返回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ó������ָ�롣��������¶Գ���������������һ�飬��˴�ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>s</span>������ָ�򳬼�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该超级块的指针。否则就重新对超级块数组再搜索一遍，因此此时<span
+lang=EN-US>s</span>需重又指向超级块数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�鿪ʼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>组开始处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (s-&gt;s_dev == dev) {</span></p>
@@ -59605,7 +59605,7 @@ return s;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 s = 0+<u><span style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ������ǣ�������һ����û���ҵ�ָ���ĳ����飬�򷵻ؿ�ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前搜索项不是，则检查下一项。如果没有找到指定的超级块，则返回空指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 } else</span></p>
@@ -59620,15 +59620,15 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ͷţ��Żأ�ָ���豸�ĳ����顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>释放（放回）指定设备的超级块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͷ��豸��ʹ�õĳ������������<span
-lang=EN-US>s_dev=0</span>�������ͷŸ��豸<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ���߼���λͼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>释放设备所使用的超级块数组项（置<span
+lang=EN-US>s_dev=0</span>），并释放该设备<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图和逻辑块位图所</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ռ�õĸ��ٻ���顣����������Ӧ���ļ�ϵͳ�Ǹ��ļ�ϵͳ��������ĳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����Ѿ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>占用的高速缓冲块。如果超级块对应的文件系统是根文件系统，或者其某个<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点上已经安</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>װ���������ļ�ϵͳ�������ͷŸó����顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>装有其他的文件系统，则不能释放该超级块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>put_super</span></u>(int dev)</span></p>
@@ -59643,17 +59643,17 @@ int i;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ�������Ч�ԺͺϷ��ԡ����ָ���豸�Ǹ��ļ�ϵͳ�豸������ʾ������Ϣ����ϵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数的有效性和合法性。如果指定设备是根文件系统设备，则显示警告信息“根系</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͳ�̸ı��ˣ�׼��������ս�ɡ��������ء�Ȼ���ڳ��������Ѱ��ָ���豸�ŵ��ļ�ϵͳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>统盘改变了，准备生死决战吧”，并返回。然后在超级块表中寻找指定设备号的文件系统超</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���顣����Ҳ���ָ���豸�ĳ����飬�򷵻ء����⣬����ó�����ָ�����ļ�ϵͳ����װ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>级块。如果找不到指定设备的超级块，则返回。另外，如果该超级块指明该文件系统所安装</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㻹û�б�������������ʾ������Ϣ�����ء����ļ�ϵͳж�أ�<span
-lang=EN-US>umount</span>�������У�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>到的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点还没有被处理过，则显示警告信息并返回。在文件系统卸载（<span
+lang=EN-US>umount</span>）操作中，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // s_imount</span>���ȱ��ó�<span
-lang=EN-US>Null</span>�Ժ�Ż���ñ��������μ���<span lang=EN-US>192</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // s_imount</span>会先被置成<span
+lang=EN-US>Null</span>以后才会调用本函数，参见第<span lang=EN-US>192</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (dev == <u><span style='color:blue'>ROOT_DEV</span></u>) {</span></p>
@@ -59687,28 +59687,28 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����ҵ�ָ���豸�ĳ�����֮�������������ó����飬���øó������Ӧ���豸���ֶ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后在找到指定设备的超级块之后，我们先锁定该超级块，再置该超级块对应的设备号字段</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // s_dev </span>Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��Ҳ���ͷŸ��豸�ϵ��ļ�ϵͳ�����顣Ȼ���ͷŸó�����ռ�õ������ں���Դ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // s_dev </span>为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，也即释放该设备上的文件系统超级块。然后释放该超级块占用的其他内核资源，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ͷŸ��豸���ļ�ϵͳ<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ���߼���λͼ�ڻ���������ռ�õĻ���顣���泣����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即释放该设备上文件系统<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图和逻辑块位图在缓冲区中所占用的缓冲块。下面常数符</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>I_MAP_SLOTS</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>Z_MAP_SLOTS</span>������<span lang=EN-US>8</span>�����ڷֱ�ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ���߼���λͼռ�õĴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号<span lang=EN-US>I_MAP_SLOTS</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>Z_MAP_SLOTS</span>均等于<span lang=EN-US>8</span>，用于分别指明<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图和逻辑块位图占用的磁</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���߼�������ע�⣬����Щ��������ݱ��޸Ĺ�������Ҫ��ͬ���������ܰѻ�����е�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>盘逻辑块数。注意，若这些缓冲块内容被修改过，则需要作同步操作才能把缓冲块中的数据</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>д���豸�С��������Ըó���������������ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>写入设备中。函数最后对该超级块解锁，并返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>lock_super</span></u>(sb);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 sb-&gt;s_dev = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ó�������С�</p>
+// </span>置超级块空闲。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for(i=0;i&lt;<u><span style='color:blue'>I_MAP_SLOTS</span></u>;i++)</span></p>
@@ -59732,13 +59732,13 @@ return;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ȡָ���豸�ĳ����顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>读取指定设备的超级块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ָ���豸<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>�ϵ��ļ�ϵͳ�������Ѿ��ڳ�������У���ֱ�ӷ��ظó��������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果指定设备<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>上的文件系统超级块已经在超级块表中，则直接返回该超级块项的指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʹ��豸<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>�϶�ȡ�����鵽������У������Ƶ���������С������س�����ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则就从设备<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>上读取超级块到缓冲块中，并复制到超级块表中。并返回超级块指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>
 static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -59761,11 +59761,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i,block;</span><
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ�������Ч�ԡ����û��ָ���豸���򷵻ؿ�ָ�롣Ȼ������豸�Ƿ�ɸ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数的有效性。如果没有指明设备，则返回空指针。然后检查该设备是否可更换</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ƭ��Ҳ���Ƿ��������豸��������������̣�����ٻ������йظ��豸�����л����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>过盘片（也即是否是软盘设备）。如果更换过盘，则高速缓冲区有关该设备的所有缓冲块</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʧЧ����Ҫ����ʧЧ���������ͷ�ԭ�����ص��ļ�ϵͳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>均失效，需要进行失效处理，即释放原来加载的文件系统。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!dev)</span></p>
@@ -59778,10 +59778,10 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>check_disk_change</span></u>(dev);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������豸�ĳ������Ѿ��ڳ�������У���ֱ�ӷ��ظó������ָ�롣���������ڳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该设备的超级块已经在超级块表中，则直接返回该超级块的指针。否则，首先在超级</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ҳ�һ������<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>Ҳ���ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>s_dev=0</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>����������Ѿ�ռ���򷵻ؿ�ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块数组中找出一个空项<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>也即字段<span lang=EN-US>s_dev=0</span>的项<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。如果数组已经占满则返回空指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>108</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (s = <u><span
@@ -59815,14 +59815,14 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>115</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڳ������������ҵ�����֮�󣬾ͽ��ó�����������ָ���豸<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>�ϵ��ļ�ϵͳ�����Ƕ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在超级块数组中找到空项之后，就将该超级块项用于指定设备<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>上的文件系统。于是对</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�ó�����ṹ�е��ڴ��ֶν��в��ֳ�ʼ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>该超级块结构中的内存字段进行部分初始化处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; s-&gt;s_dev = dev;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>�豸�ϵ��ļ�ϵͳ��</p>
+// </span>用于<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>设备上的文件系统。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; s-&gt;s_isup = <u><span
@@ -59842,18 +59842,18 @@ lang=EN-US> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;s-&gt;s_rd_only =
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>121</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; s-&gt;s_dirt = 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�������ó����飬�����豸�϶�ȡ��������Ϣ��<span
-lang=EN-US>bh</span>ָ��Ļ�����С�������λ�ڿ��豸</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后锁定该超级块，并从设备上读取超级块信息到<span
+lang=EN-US>bh</span>指向的缓冲块中。超级块位于块设备</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���߼��飨<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ſ飩�У�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���������̿飩����������������ʧ�ܣ����ͷ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个逻辑块（<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>号块）中，（第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个是引导盘块）。如果读超级块操作失败，则释放上</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ѡ���ĳ����������е������<span
-lang=EN-US>s_dev=0</span>����������������ؿ�ָ���˳�������ͽ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>面选定的超级块数组中的项（即置<span
+lang=EN-US>s_dev=0</span>），并解锁该项，返回空指针退出。否则就将设</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���϶�ȡ�ĳ�������Ϣ�ӻ�������������Ƶ�������������Ӧ��ṹ�С����ͷŴ�Ŷ�ȡ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>备上读取的超级块信息从缓冲块数据区复制到超级块数组相应项结构中。并释放存放读取信</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϣ�ĸ��ٻ���顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>息的高速缓冲块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -59891,17 +59891,17 @@ bh-&gt;b_data);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>brelse</span></u>(bh);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ǵ��豸<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>�ϵõ����ļ�ϵͳ�ĳ����飬���ǿ�ʼ���������������Ч�Բ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在我们从设备<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>上得到了文件系统的超级块，于是开始检查这个超级块的有效性并从设</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���϶�ȡ<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ���߼���λͼ����Ϣ���������ȡ�ĳ�������ļ�ϵͳħ���ֶβ��ԣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>备上读取<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图和逻辑块位图等信息。如果所读取的超级块的文件系统魔数字段不对，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>˵���豸�ϲ�����ȷ���ļ�ϵͳ�����ͬ����һ�����ͷ�����ѡ���ĳ����������е����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>说明设备上不是正确的文件系统，因此同上面一样，释放上面选定的超级块数组中的项，并</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ؿ�ָ���˳������ڸð�<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>�ںˣ�ֻ֧��<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>�ļ�ϵͳ<span lang=EN-US>1.0</span>�汾����ħ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>解锁该项，返回空指针退出。对于该版<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>内核，只支持<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>文件系统<span lang=EN-US>1.0</span>版本，其魔</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>0x137f</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数是<span lang=EN-US>0x137f</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>131</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (s-&gt;s_magic
@@ -59922,23 +59922,23 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>135</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���濪ʼ��ȡ�豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ���߼���λͼ���ݡ����ȳ�ʼ���ڴ泬����ṹ��λͼ�ռ䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面开始读取设备上<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图和逻辑块位图数据。首先初始化内存超级块结构中位图空间。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����豸�϶�ȡ<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ���߼���λͼ��Ϣ��������ڳ������Ӧ�ֶ��С�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后从设备上读取<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图和逻辑块位图信息，并存放在超级块对应字段中。<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ſ鿪ʼ���߼����У���ռ��<span lang=EN-US>s_imap_blocks</span>���顣�߼���λͼ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>保存在设备上<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>号块开始的逻辑块中，共占用<span lang=EN-US>s_imap_blocks</span>个块。逻辑块位图在<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͼ���ڿ�ĺ������У���ռ��<span
-lang=EN-US>s_zmap_blocks</span>���顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>图所在块的后续块中，共占用<span
+lang=EN-US>s_zmap_blocks</span>个块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>136</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0;i&lt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>I_MAP_SLOTS</span></u>;i++)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ��������</p>
+// </span>初始化操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -59957,8 +59957,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; block=2;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0 ; i &lt;
-s-&gt;s_imap_blocks ; i++)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ�豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ��</p>
+s-&gt;s_imap_blocks ; i++)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取设备中<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -59978,7 +59978,7 @@ break;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>146</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0 ; i &lt;
-s-&gt;s_zmap_blocks ; i++)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ�豸���߼���λͼ��</p>
+s-&gt;s_zmap_blocks ; i++)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取设备中逻辑块位图。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -59996,12 +59996,12 @@ else</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������λͼ����������λͼӦ��ռ�е��߼�������˵���ļ�ϵͳλͼ��Ϣ�����⣬����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果读出的位图块数不等于位图应该占有的逻辑块数，说明文件系统位图信息有问题，超级</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ʼ��ʧ�ܡ����ֻ���ͷ�ǰ�����벢ռ�õ�������Դ�����ͷ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λͼ���߼���λͼ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块初始化失败。因此只能释放前面申请并占用的所有资源，即释放<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位图和逻辑块位图</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ռ�õĸ��ٻ���顢�ͷ�����ѡ���ĳ���������������ó�����������ؿ�ָ���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>占用的高速缓冲块、释放上面选定的超级块数组项、解锁该超级块项，并返回空指针退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>151</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (block !=
@@ -60010,7 +60010,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (block !=
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for(i=0;i&lt;<u><span style='color:blue'>I_MAP_SLOTS</span></u>;i++)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ͷ�λͼռ�õĸ��ٻ���顣</p>
+// </span>释放位图占用的高速缓冲块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -60027,12 +60027,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 s-&gt;s_dev=0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ͷ�ѡ���ĳ����������</p>
+// </span>释放选定的超级块数组项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>free_super</span></u>(s);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ó������</p>
+// </span>解锁该超级块项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -60041,18 +60041,18 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һ�гɹ������⣬���ڶ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ĺ�������������豸�����е�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ѿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则一切成功。另外，由于对于申请空闲<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的函数来讲，如果设备上所有的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已经</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȫ��ʹ�ã�����Һ����᷵��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ�����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ǲ����õģ��������ｫλͼ�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>全被使用，则查找函数会返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>值。因此<span lang=EN-US>0</span>号<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点是不能用的，所以这里将位图中第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>块</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͱ���λ����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���Է�ֹ�ļ�ϵͳ����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣ͬ���ĵ�����Ҳ���߼���λͼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的最低比特位设置为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，以防止文件系统分配<span lang=EN-US>0</span>号<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。同样的道理，也将逻辑块位图的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���λ����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������������ó����飬�����س�����ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最低位设置为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。最后函数解锁该超级块，并返回超级块指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -60075,16 +60075,16 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ж���ļ�ϵͳ��ϵͳ���ã���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>卸载文件系统（系统调用）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>dev_name</span>���ļ�ϵͳ�����豸���豸�ļ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>dev_name</span>是文件系统所在设备的设备文件名。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������ȸ��ݲ��������Ŀ��豸�ļ�������豸�ţ�Ȼ��λ�ļ�ϵͳ�������е���Ӧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先根据参数给出的块设备文件名获得设备号，然后复位文件系统超级块中的相应字</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Σ��ͷų������λͼռ�õĻ���飬���Ը��豸ִ�и��ٻ������豸�����ݵ�ͬ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>段，释放超级块和位图占用的缓冲块，最后对该设备执行高速缓冲与设备上数据的同步操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ж�ز����ɹ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若卸载操作成功则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>166</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_umount</span></u>(char *
@@ -60107,17 +60107,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int dev;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ����豸�ļ����ҵ���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��ȡ���е��豸�š��豸�ļ��������豸���豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先根据设备文件名找到对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并取其中的设备号。设备文件所定义设备的设备号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ǳ�������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i_zone[0]</span>�еġ� �μ�����<span lang=EN-US>namei.c</span>������ϵͳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>sys_mknod()</span>�Ĵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是保存在其<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的<span
+lang=EN-US>i_zone[0]</span>中的。 参见后面<span lang=EN-US>namei.c</span>程序中系统调用<span
+lang=EN-US>sys_mknod()</span>的代</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>445</span>�С����⣬�����ļ�ϵͳ��Ҫ����ڿ��豸�ϣ����������ǿ��豸�ļ�����Ż�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>码第<span lang=EN-US>445</span>行。另外，由于文件系统需要存放在块设备上，因此如果不是块设备文件，则放回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>dev_i</span>�����س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>刚申请的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span
+lang=EN-US>dev_i</span>，返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>172</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(inode=<u><span
@@ -60138,7 +60138,7 @@ style='color:blue'>S_ISBLK</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_mode)) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>iput</span></u>(inode);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// fs/inode.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>150</span>�С�</p>
+// fs/inode.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>150</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>177</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -60147,12 +60147,12 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOTBLK</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>178</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // OK</span>����������Ϊ�˵õ��豸�Ŷ�ȡ�õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������������ʹ�����������Żظ��豸�ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // OK</span>，现在上面为了得到设备号而取得的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已完成了它的使命，因此这里放回该设备文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣�������������һ��ж�ظ��ļ�ϵͳ�������Ƿ����㡣����豸���Ǹ��ļ�ϵͳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。接着我们来检查一下卸载该文件系统的条件是否满足。如果设备上是根文件系统，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ܱ�ж�أ�����æ�����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则不能被卸载，返回忙出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>179</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -60166,15 +60166,15 @@ style='color:blue'>ROOT_DEV</span></u>)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EBUSY</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ڳ��������û���ҵ����豸���ļ�ϵͳ�ĳ����飬�������ҵ����Ǹ��豸���ļ�ϵͳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果在超级块表中没有找到该设备上文件系统的超级块，或者已找到但是该设备上文件系统</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>û�а�װ�����򷵻س����롣�����������ָ���ı���װ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㲢û����λ�䰲װ��־</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>没有安装过，则返回出错码。如果超级块所指明的被安装到的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点并没有置位其安装标志</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i_mount</span>������ʾ������Ϣ�� Ȼ�����һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���������Ƿ��н�����ʹ�ø��豸�ϵ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i_mount</span>，则显示警告信息。 然后查找一下<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表，看看是否有进程在使用该设备上的文</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������򷵻�æ�����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>件，如果有则返回忙出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(sb=<u><span
@@ -60207,14 +60207,14 @@ if (inode-&gt;i_dev==dev &amp;&amp; inode-&gt;i_count)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EBUSY</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڸ��豸���ļ�ϵͳ��ж���������õ����㣬������ǿ��Կ�ʼʵʩ������ж�ز����ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在该设备上文件系统的卸载条件均得到满足，因此我们可以开始实施真正的卸载操作了。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ�λ����װ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�İ�װ��־���ͷŸ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣Ȼ���ó������б���װ<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ֶ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先复位被安装到的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的安装标志，释放该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。然后置超级块中被安装<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点字段</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ�գ����Ż��豸�ļ�ϵͳ�ĸ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�����ó������б���װϵͳ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ��Ϊ�ա�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为空，并放回设备文件系统的根<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，接着置超级块中被安装系统根<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针为空。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -60236,10 +60236,10 @@ style='color:blue'>iput</span></u>(sb-&gt;s_isup);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sb-&gt;s_isup = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ͷŸ��豸�ϵĳ������Լ�λͼռ�õĸ��ٻ���飬���Ը��豸ִ�и��ٻ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后我们释放该设备上的超级块以及位图占用的高速缓冲块，并对该设备执行高速缓冲与设</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ݵ�ͬ��������Ȼ�󷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��ж�سɹ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>备上数据的同步操作。然后返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>（卸载成功）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -60258,16 +60258,16 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>198</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��װ�ļ�ϵͳ��ϵͳ���ã���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>安装文件系统（系统调用）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>dev_name</span>���豸�ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>dir_name</span>�ǰ�װ����Ŀ¼����<span lang=EN-US>rw_flag</span>����װ�ļ�ϵͳ�Ŀ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>dev_name</span>是设备文件名，<span
+lang=EN-US>dir_name</span>是安装到的目录名，<span lang=EN-US>rw_flag</span>被安装文件系统的可</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>��д��־���������صĵط�������һ��Ŀ¼�������Ҷ�Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�û�б���������ռ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>读写标志。将被加载的地方必须是一个目录名，并且对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点没有被其他程序占用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ɹ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若操作成功则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>199</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_mount</span></u>(char *
@@ -60290,14 +60290,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int dev;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ����豸�ļ����ҵ���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��ȡ�����е��豸�š����ڿ������豸�ļ����豸</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先根据设备文件名找到对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，以取得其中的设备号。对于块特殊设备文件，设备</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i_zone[0]</span>�С����⣬�����ļ�ϵͳ�����ڿ��豸�У����������ǿ��豸</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号在其<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的<span
+lang=EN-US>i_zone[0]</span>中。另外，由于文件系统必须在块设备中，因此如果不是块设备</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�����Żظ�ȡ�õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>dev_i</span>�����س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件，则放回刚取得的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US>dev_i</span>，返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(dev_i=<u><span
@@ -60326,22 +60326,22 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>211</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // OK</span>����������Ϊ�˵õ��豸�Ŷ�ȡ�õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>dev_i</span>�����������ʹ�����������Żظ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // OK</span>，现在上面为了得到设备号而取得的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US>dev_i</span>已完成了它的使命，因此这里放回该设</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣�������������һ���ļ�ϵͳ��װ����Ŀ¼���Ƿ���Ч�����Ǹ��ݸ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>备文件的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。接着我们来检查一下文件系统安装到的目录名是否有效。于是根据给定的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼�ļ����ҵ���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ� <span lang=EN-US>dir_i</span>�� �����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����ü�����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�������������ã���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录文件名找到对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点 <span lang=EN-US>dir_i</span>。 如果该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的引用计数不为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>（仅在这里引用），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���߸�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�Ľڵ���Ǹ��ļ�ϵͳ�Ľڵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����Żظ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㷵�س����롣���⣬���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>或者该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的节点号是根文件系统的节点号<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，则放回该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点返回出错码。另外，如果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ýڵ㲻��һ��Ŀ¼�ļ��ڵ㣬��Ҳ�Żظ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���س����롣��Ϊ�ļ�ϵͳֻ�ܰ�װ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该节点不是一个目录文件节点，则也放回该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回出错码。因为文件系统只能安装在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ��Ŀ¼���ϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一个目录名上。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>212</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -60374,7 +60374,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>219</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!<u><span
 style='color:blue'>S_ISDIR</span></u>(dir_i-&gt;i_mode)) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��װ����Ҫ��һ��Ŀ¼����</p>
+// </span>安装点需要是一个目录名。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>220</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -60387,12 +60387,12 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>222</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڰ�װ��Ҳ�����ϣ����ǿ�ʼ��ȡҪ��װ�ļ�ϵͳ�ĳ�������Ϣ����������������ʧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在安装点也检查完毕，我们开始读取要安装文件系统的超级块信息。如果读超级块操作失</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ܣ���Żظð�װ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>dir_i</span>�����س����롣һ���ļ�ϵͳ�ĳ���������ȴӳ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>败，则放回该安装点<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US>dir_i</span>并返回出错码。一个文件系统的超级块会首先从超级块表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�н���������������ڳ�������оʹ��豸�϶�ȡ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中进行搜索，如果不在超级块表中就从设备上读取。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>223</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(sb=<u><span
@@ -60409,13 +60409,13 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EBUSY</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>226</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵõ����ļ�ϵͳ������֮�����Ƕ����Ƚ��м��һ���������Ҫ����װ���ļ�ϵͳ�Ѿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在得到了文件系统超级块之后，我们对它先进行检测一番。如果将要被安装的文件系统已经</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��װ�������ط�����Żظ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���س����롣�����Ҫ��װ����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ѿ���װ���ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>安装在其他地方，则放回该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回出错码。如果将要安装到的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已经安装了文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ����װ��־�Ѿ���λ������Żظ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬Ҳ���س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统（安装标志已经置位），则放回该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，也返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>227</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
@@ -60447,11 +60447,11 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>234</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ñ���װ�ļ�ϵͳ������ġ�����װ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡱�ֶ�ָ��װ����Ŀ¼����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后设置被安装文件系统超级块的“被安装到<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点”字段指向安装到的目录名的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ð�װλ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�İ�װ��־�ͽڵ����޸ı�־��Ȼ�󷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����װ�ɹ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并设置安装位置<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的安装标志和节点已修改标志。然后返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（安装成功）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>235</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -60462,13 +60462,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dir_i-&gt;i_mount=1;
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>237</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dir_i-&gt;i_dirt=1;<b><i>/*
-NOTE! we don't iput(dir_i) */</i></b> /*</span>ע��<span lang=EN-US>!</span>����û��<span
+NOTE! we don't iput(dir_i) */</i></b> /*</span>注意<span lang=EN-US>!</span>这里没用<span
 lang=EN-US>iput(dir_i)*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>238</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return
 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* we do that in umount */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>�⽫��<span lang=EN-US>umount</span>�ڲ���<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>这将在<span lang=EN-US>umount</span>内操作<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>239</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -60476,19 +60476,19 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>240</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��װ���ļ�ϵͳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>安装根文件系统。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�������ϵͳ��ʼ��������һ���֡��������ȳ�ʼ���ļ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>file_table[]</span>�ͳ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数属于系统初始化操作的一部分。函数首先初始化文件表数组<span
+lang=EN-US>file_table[]</span>和超级块表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����飩��Ȼ���ȡ���ļ�ϵͳ�����飬��ȡ���ļ�ϵͳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣 ���ͳ�Ʋ���ʾ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（数组），然后读取根文件系统超级块，并取得文件系统根<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。 最后统计并显示出根文</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ϵͳ�ϵĿ�����Դ�����п����Ϳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������� �ú�������ϵͳ�������г�ʼ������ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>件系统上的可用资源（空闲块数和空闲<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点数）。 该函数会在系统开机进行初始化设置时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>sys_setup()</span>�����ã�<span
-lang=EN-US>blk_drv/hd.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>157</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（<span lang=EN-US>sys_setup()</span>）调用（<span
+lang=EN-US>blk_drv/hd.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>157</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>241</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>mount_root</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -60511,8 +60511,8 @@ style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * mi;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>246</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹ����<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽڣ������ͣ�������ж����ڷ�ֹ�޸Ĵ���ʱ���ֲ�һ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若磁盘<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构不是<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>字节，则出错停机。该判断用于防止修改代码时出现不一致情况。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>247</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (32 != sizeof
@@ -60522,20 +60522,20 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (32 != sizeof
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;bad i-node size&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ�ʼ���ļ������飨��<span
-lang=EN-US>64</span>���ϵͳͬʱֻ�ܴ�<span lang=EN-US>64</span>���ļ����ͳ�����������ｫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先初始化文件表数组（共<span
+lang=EN-US>64</span>项，即系统同时只能打开<span lang=EN-US>64</span>个文件）和超级块表。这里将所</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ��ṹ�е����ü�������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ���У������ѳ�������и���ṹ���豸�ֶγ�ʼ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有文件结构中的引用计数设置为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>（表示空闲），并把超级块表中各项结构的设备字段初始</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��Ҳ��ʾ���У���������ļ�ϵͳ�����豸�����̵Ļ�������ʾ��������ļ�ϵͳ�̣�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>化为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（也表示空闲）。如果根文件系统所在设备是软盘的话，就提示“插入根文件系统盘，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����س����������ȴ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并按回车键”，并等待按键。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>249</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for(i=0;i&lt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>NR_FILE</span></u>;i++)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ���ļ�����</p>
+// </span>初始化文件表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>250</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -60545,7 +60545,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>MAJOR</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>ROOT_DEV</span></u>)
 == 2) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʾ������ļ�ϵͳ�̡�</p>
+// </span>提示插入根文件系统盘。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>252</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -60568,7 +60568,7 @@ style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_SUPER</
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>256</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 p-&gt;s_dev = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��ʼ�����������</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>初始化超级块表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>257</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -60581,12 +60581,12 @@ p-&gt;s_wait = <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>259</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ϡ����⡱�ĳ�ʼ������֮�����ǿ�ʼ��װ���ļ�ϵͳ�����ǴӸ��豸�϶�ȡ�ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>做好以上“份外”的初始化工作之后，我们开始安装根文件系统。于是从根设备上读取文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ�����飬��ȡ���ļ�ϵͳ�ĸ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣨<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�Žڵ㣩���ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���е�ָ�롣�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统超级块，并取得文件系统的根<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点（<span lang=EN-US>1</span>号节点）在内存<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表中的指针。如果读根</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�豸�ϳ�����ʧ�ܻ�ȡ���ڵ�ʧ�ܣ�����ʾ��Ϣ��ͣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设备上超级块失败或取根节点失败，则都显示信息并停机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>260</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(p=<u><span
@@ -60601,27 +60601,27 @@ root&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(mi=<u><span
 style='color:blue'>iget</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>ROOT_DEV</span></u>,<u><span
 style='color:blue'>ROOT_INO</span></u>)))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>fs.h</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ROOT_INO</span>����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+// </span>在<span lang=EN-US>fs.h</span>中<span lang=EN-US>ROOT_INO</span>定义为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>263</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;Unable to read root
 i-node&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ǶԳ�����͸�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�������á��Ѹ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ô�������<span lang=EN-US>3</span>�Ρ���Ϊ����<span
-lang=EN-US>266</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在我们对超级块和根<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点进行设置。把根<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点引用次数递增<span lang=EN-US>3</span>次。因为下面<span
+lang=EN-US>266</span>行上</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ҳ�����˸�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣���⣬<span
-lang=EN-US>iget() </span>������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ü����ѱ�����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ȼ���øó������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>也引用了该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。另外，<span
+lang=EN-US>iget() </span>函数中<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点引用计数已被设置为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。然后置该超级块的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����װ�ļ�ϵͳ<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ͱ���װ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ֶ�Ϊ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣�����õ�ǰ���̵ĵ�ǰ����Ŀ¼</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>被安装文件系统<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和被安装到<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点字段为该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。再设置当前进程的当前工作目录</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�͸�Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣��ʱ��ǰ������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�Ž��̣�<span lang=EN-US>init</span>���̣���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和根目录<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。此时当前进程是<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>号进程（<span lang=EN-US>init</span>进程）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>264</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mi-&gt;i_count += 3
@@ -60629,7 +60629,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mi-&gt;i_count += 3
 </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>ע�⣡���߼��Ͻ������ѱ�������<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�Σ�������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span
+/* </span>注意！从逻辑上讲，它已被引用了<span lang=EN-US>4</span>次，而不是<span lang=EN-US>1</span>次<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>265</span></u><span
@@ -60644,20 +60644,20 @@ style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;pwd = mi;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;root = mi;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����ǶԸ��ļ�ϵͳ�ϵ���Դ��ͳ�ƹ�����ͳ�Ƹ��豸�Ͽ��п����Ϳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后我们对根文件系统上的资源作统计工作。统计该设备上空闲块数和空闲<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点数。首先</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>���ڳ������б������豸�߼���������Ȼ������߼���λͼ����Ӧ����λ��ռ�����ͳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>令<span lang=EN-US>i</span>等于超级块中表明的设备逻辑块总数。然后根据逻辑块位图中相应比特位的占用情况统</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƴ����п���������꺯��<span
-lang=EN-US>set_bit()</span>ֻ���ڲ��Ա���λ���������ñ���λ��<span lang=EN-US>&quot;</span><span
-lang=EN-US>i&amp;8191&quot; </span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>计出空闲块数。这里宏函数<span
+lang=EN-US>set_bit()</span>只是在测试比特位，而非设置比特位。<span lang=EN-US>&quot;</span><span
+lang=EN-US>i&amp;8191&quot; </span>用于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ڵ�ǰλͼ���ж�Ӧ�ı���λƫ��ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;</span><span lang=EN-US>i&gt;&gt;13&quot; </span>�ǽ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>����<span lang=EN-US>8192</span>��Ҳ����һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取得<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号在当前位图块中对应的比特位偏移值。<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;</span><span lang=EN-US>i&gt;&gt;13&quot; </span>是将<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>除以<span lang=EN-US>8192</span>，也即除一个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̿�����ı���λ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>磁盘块包含的比特位数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>268</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -60678,19 +60678,19 @@ if (!<u><span style='color:blue'>set_bit</span></u>(i&amp;8191,p-&gt;s_zmap[i&gt
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>free</span></u>++;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʾ���豸�Ͽ����߼�����<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�߼�������֮��������ͳ���豸�Ͽ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在显示过设备上空闲逻辑块数<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>逻辑块总数之后。我们再统计设备上空闲<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点数。首先令<span
 lang=EN-US>i</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڳ������б������豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����<span lang=EN-US>+1</span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ǽ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�ڵ�Ҳͳ�ƽ�ȥ��Ȼ�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�λ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等于超级块中表明的设备上<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点总数<span lang=EN-US>+1</span>。加<span lang=EN-US>1</span>是将<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>节点也统计进去。然后根据<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点位</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͼ����Ӧ����λ��ռ��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������������ʾ�豸�Ͽ��ÿ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>图中相应比特位的占用情况计算出空闲<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点数。最后再显示设备上可用空闲<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点数和<span
 lang=EN-US>i</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>节点总数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>273</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -60744,7 +60744,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448015"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447419"></a><a name="_Toc53320648"><span lang=EN-US>12.6 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12-6 linux/fs/namei.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>12-6 linux/fs/namei.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -60776,38 +60776,38 @@ Some corrections by tytso.</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
-#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���ͷ�ļ�����Ҫ������һЩ�й��ַ���������Ƕ�뺯����</p>
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串头文件。主要定义了一些有关字符串操作的嵌入函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
-#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�����ͷ�ļ����ļ������������Ĳ������Ƴ������ŵĶ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件控制头文件。文件及其描述符的操作控制常数符号的定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
-#include &lt;const.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ͷ�ļ���Ŀǰ������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���<span lang=EN-US>i_mode</span>�ֶεĸ���־λ��</p>
+#include &lt;const.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>常数符号头文件。目前仅定义<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点中<span lang=EN-US>i_mode</span>字段的各标志位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�״̬ͷ�ļ��������ļ����ļ�ϵͳ״̬�ṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>�ͳ�����</p>
+#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件状态头文件。含有文件或文件系统状态结构<span
+lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>和常量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ������Ҷ�Ӧ<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ڲ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>由文件名查找对应<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的内部函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -60819,55 +60819,55 @@ int follow_links);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ҳ����ʽ�Ƿ��������һ������ʹ�÷�����������������һ����ʵ��������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面宏中右侧表达式是访问数组的一种特殊使用方法。它基于这样的一个事实，即用数组名和</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����±�����ʾ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>a[b]</span>����ֵ��ͬ��ʹ��������ָ�루��ַ�����ϸ���ƫ�Ƶ�ַ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数组下标所表示的数组项（例如<span
+lang=EN-US>a[b]</span>）的值等同于使用数组首指针（地址）加上该项偏移地址</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʽ��ֵ <span
-lang=EN-US>*(a + b)</span>��ͬʱ��֪��<span lang=EN-US>a[b]</span>Ҳ���Ա�ʾ��<span
-lang=EN-US>b[a]</span>����ʽ����˶����ַ���������ʽ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的形式的值 <span
+lang=EN-US>*(a + b)</span>，同时可知项<span lang=EN-US>a[b]</span>也可以表示成<span
+lang=EN-US>b[a]</span>的形式。因此对于字符数组项形式</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ <span lang=EN-US>&quot;LoveYou&quot;[2]</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>2[&quot;LoveYou&quot;]</span>���͵�ͬ��<span lang=EN-US>*(&quot;LoveYou&quot;
-+ 2)</span>�����⣬�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>&quot;LoveYou&quot;</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为 <span lang=EN-US>&quot;LoveYou&quot;[2]</span>（或者<span
+lang=EN-US>2[&quot;LoveYou&quot;]</span>）就等同于<span lang=EN-US>*(&quot;LoveYou&quot;
++ 2)</span>。另外，字符串<span lang=EN-US>&quot;LoveYou&quot;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڴ��б��洢��λ�þ������ַ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;LoveYou&quot;[2]</span>��ֵ���Ǹ��ַ���������ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>2</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在内存中被存储的位置就是其地址，因此数组项<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;LoveYou&quot;[2]</span>的值就是该字符串中索引值为<span lang=EN-US>2</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ַ�<span lang=EN-US>&quot;v&quot;</span>����Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>0x76</span>�����ð˽��Ʊ�ʾ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0166</span>����<span lang=EN-US>C</span>�����У��ַ�Ҳ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的字符<span lang=EN-US>&quot;v&quot;</span>所对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码值<span lang=EN-US>0x76</span>，或用八进制表示就是<span
+lang=EN-US>0166</span>。在<span lang=EN-US>C</span>语言中，字符也可以用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>��ֵ����ʾ�����������ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>��ֵǰ���һ����б�ܡ������ַ� <span lang=EN-US>&quot;v&quot;</span>���Ա�ʾ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码值来表示，方法是在字符的<span
+lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码值前面加一个反斜杠。例如字符 <span lang=EN-US>&quot;v&quot;</span>可以表示</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>&quot;\x76&quot;</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;\166&quot;</span>����˶��ڲ�����ʾ���ַ�������<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>��ֵΪ<span
-lang=EN-US>0x00--0x1f</span>�Ŀ����ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>成<span lang=EN-US>&quot;\x76&quot;</span>或者<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;\166&quot;</span>。因此对于不可显示的字符（例如<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码值为<span
+lang=EN-US>0x00--0x1f</span>的控制字符）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ϳ�����<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>��ֵ����ʾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>就可用其<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码值来表示。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ƿ���ģʽ�ꡣ<span
-lang=EN-US>x</span>��ͷ�ļ�<span lang=EN-US>include/fcntl.h</span>�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>�п�ʼ������ļ����ʣ��򿪣���־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面是访问模式宏。<span
+lang=EN-US>x</span>是头文件<span lang=EN-US>include/fcntl.h</span>中第<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>行开始定义的文件访问（打开）标志。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ļ����ʱ�־<span
-lang=EN-US>x</span>��ֵ������˫�����ж�Ӧ����ֵ��˫��������<span lang=EN-US>4</span>���˽�����ֵ��ʵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这个宏根据文件访问标志<span
+lang=EN-US>x</span>的值来索引双引号中对应的数值。双引号中有<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个八进制数值（实</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ʱ�ʾ<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�������ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;\004\002\006\377&quot;</span>���ֱ��ʾ����д��ִ�е�Ȩ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>:
-r</span>��<span lang=EN-US>w</span>��<span lang=EN-US>rw</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>际表示<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个控制字符）：<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;\004\002\006\377&quot;</span>，分别表示读、写和执行的权限为<span lang=EN-US>:
+r</span>、<span lang=EN-US>w</span>、<span lang=EN-US>rw</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>wxrwxrwx</span>�����ҷֱ��Ӧ<span
-lang=EN-US>x</span>������ֵ<span lang=EN-US>0--3</span>�� ���磬���<span lang=EN-US>x</span>Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>����ú귵�ذ˽���ֵ<span lang=EN-US>006</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和<span lang=EN-US>wxrwxrwx</span>，并且分别对应<span
+lang=EN-US>x</span>的索引值<span lang=EN-US>0--3</span>。 例如，如果<span lang=EN-US>x</span>为<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>，则该宏返回八进制值<span lang=EN-US>006</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ�ɶ���д��<span
-lang=EN-US>rw</span>�������⣬����<span lang=EN-US>O_ACCMODE = 00003</span>��������ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>x</span>�������롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>表示可读可写（<span
+lang=EN-US>rw</span>）。另外，其中<span lang=EN-US>O_ACCMODE = 00003</span>，是索引值<span
+lang=EN-US>x</span>的屏蔽码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ACC_MODE</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -60888,8 +60888,8 @@ truncated. Else they will be disallowed.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��������ļ������� <span
-lang=EN-US>&gt; NAME_LEN</span>�����ַ����ص����ͽ����涨��ע�͵���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>如果想让文件名长度 <span
+lang=EN-US>&gt; NAME_LEN</span>个的字符被截掉，就将下面定义注释掉。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -60900,15 +60900,15 @@ lang=EN-US>&gt; NAME_LEN</span>�����ַ����ص����ͽ�
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MAY_EXEC</span></u> 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ִ��<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�ɽ���<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+// </span>可执行<span lang=EN-US>(</span>可进入<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MAY_WRITE</span></u> 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��д��</p>
+// </span>可写。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MAY_READ</span></u> 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ɶ���</p>
+// </span>可读。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -60936,21 +60936,21 @@ uid, but that should be easily changed.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ú������ڼ��һ���ļ��Ķ�<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д<span lang=EN-US>/</span>ִ��Ȩ�ޡ��Ҳ�֪���Ƿ�ֻ����<span lang=EN-US>euid</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该函数用于检测一个文件的读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写<span lang=EN-US>/</span>执行权限。我不知道是否只需检查<span lang=EN-US>euid</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������Ҫ���<span
-lang=EN-US>euid</span>��<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>���ߣ�������������޸ġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>还是需要检查<span
+lang=EN-US>euid</span>和<span lang=EN-US>uid</span>两者，不过这很容易修改。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����ļ���������Ȩ�ޡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>检测文件访问许可权限。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>inode
-- </span>�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>mask - </span>�������������롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>inode
+- </span>文件的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针；<span lang=EN-US>mask - </span>访问属性屏蔽码。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��������ɷ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：访问许可返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，否则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>permission</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -60960,27 +60960,27 @@ style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode,int mask)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int mode = inode-&gt;i_mode;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�ļ��������ԡ�</p>
+</span>文件访问属性。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u> <b><i>/*
 special case: not even root can read/write a deleted file */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�����������ʹ�ǳ����û���<span
-lang=EN-US>root</span>��Ҳ���ܶ�<span lang=EN-US>/</span>дһ���ѱ�ɾ�����ļ�<span lang=EN-US>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>特殊情况：即使是超级用户（<span
+lang=EN-US>root</span>）也不能读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写一个已被删除的文件<span lang=EN-US>
 */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ж�Ӧ���豸������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����Ӽ���ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ���ļ��ѱ�ɾ�����򷵻ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点有对应的设备，但该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的链接计数值等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示该文件已被删除，则返回。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������̵���Ч�û�<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span lang=EN-US>euid</span>����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���û�<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>��ͬ����ȡ�ļ������ķ���Ȩ�ޡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则，如果进程的有效用户<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>（<span lang=EN-US>euid</span>）与<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的用户<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>相同，则取文件宿主的访问权限。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������̵���Ч��<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span lang=EN-US>egid</span>����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>��ͬ����ȡ���û��ķ���Ȩ�ޡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则，如果进程的有效组<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>（<span lang=EN-US>egid</span>）与<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的组<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>相同，则取组用户的访问权限。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (inode-&gt;i_dev &amp;&amp; !inode-&gt;i_nlinks)</span></p>
@@ -61000,8 +61000,8 @@ else if (<u><span style='color:blue'>in_group_p</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_gid))</sp
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mode &gt;&gt;= 3;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ж������ȡ�ĵķ���Ȩ������������ͬ�������ǳ����û����򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后判断如果所取的的访问权限与屏蔽码相同，或者是超级用户，则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，否则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (((mode &amp; mask &amp; 0007) == mask) || <u><span style='color:blue'>suser</span></u>())</span></p>
@@ -61036,34 +61036,34 @@ NOTE! unlike strncmp, match returns 1 for success, 0 for failure.</i></b></span>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * ok</span>�����ǲ���ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>strncmp</span>�ַ����ȽϺ�������Ϊ���Ʋ������ǵ����ݿռ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * ok</span>，我们不能使用<span
+lang=EN-US>strncmp</span>字符串比较函数，因为名称不在我们的数据空间</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������ں˿ռ䣩�� �������ֻ��ʹ��
-<span lang=EN-US>match()</span>�����ⲻ��<span lang=EN-US>match()</span>ͬ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>（不在内核空间）。 因而我们只能使用
+<span lang=EN-US>match()</span>。问题不大，<span lang=EN-US>match()</span>同样</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>Ҳ����һЩ�����Ĳ��ԡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>也处理一些完整的测试。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�⣡��<span
-lang=EN-US>strncmp</span>��ͬ����<span lang=EN-US>match()</span>�ɹ�ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��ʧ��ʱ����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意！与<span
+lang=EN-US>strncmp</span>不同的是<span lang=EN-US>match()</span>成功时返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，失败时返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ָ�������ַ����ȽϺ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>指定长度字符串比较函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>len
-- </span>�Ƚϵ��ַ������ȣ�<span lang=EN-US>name - </span>�ļ���ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>de - </span>Ŀ¼��ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>len
+- </span>比较的字符串长度；<span lang=EN-US>name - </span>文件名指针；<span lang=EN-US>de - </span>目录项结构。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ���ͬ����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����ͬ����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：相同返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，不同返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>68</span>���϶�����һ���ֲ��Ĵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>same</span>���ñ�������������<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>�Ĵ����У��Ա��ڸ�Ч</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>68</span>行上定义了一个局部寄存器变量<span
+lang=EN-US>same</span>。该变量将被保存在<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>寄存器中，以便于高效</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ʡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>访问。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>match</span></u>(int len,const char *
@@ -61076,31 +61076,31 @@ register int same __asm__(<i>&quot;ax&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϺ�����������Ч�ԡ����Ŀ¼��ָ��գ�����Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������Ҫ�Ƚϵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断函数参数的有效性。如果目录项指针空，或者目录项<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，或者要比较的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ������ȳ����ļ������ȣ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ƥ�䣩������Ƚϵĳ���<span lang=EN-US>len</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����Ŀ¼��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串长度超过文件名长度，则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>（不匹配）。如果比较的长度<span lang=EN-US>len</span>等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>并且目录项</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ����ĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���ַ��� <span lang=EN-US>'.'</span>������ֻ����ôһ���ַ�����ô���Ǿ���Ϊ����ͬ�ģ���˷�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中文件名的第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个字符是 <span lang=EN-US>'.'</span>，并且只有这么一个字符，那么我们就认为是相同的，因此返</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ƥ�䣩�����Ҫ�Ƚϵĳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>len</span>С��<span lang=EN-US>NAME_LEN</span>������Ŀ¼�����ļ������ȳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>len</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>（匹配）。如果要比较的长度<span
+lang=EN-US>len</span>小于<span lang=EN-US>NAME_LEN</span>，但是目录项中文件名长度超过<span
+lang=EN-US>len</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ҳ����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ƥ�䣩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则也返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（不匹配）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>75</span>���϶�Ŀ¼�����ļ��������Ƿ񳬹�
-<span lang=EN-US>len </span>���жϷ����Ǽ�� <span lang=EN-US>name[len] </span>�Ƿ�Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>75</span>行上对目录项中文件名长度是否超过
+<span lang=EN-US>len </span>的判断方法是检测 <span lang=EN-US>name[len] </span>是否为<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ȳ���<span lang=EN-US>len</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>name[len]</span>������һ������<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>����ͨ�ַ��������ڳ���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>len</span>���ַ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若长度超过<span lang=EN-US>len</span>，则<span
+lang=EN-US>name[len]</span>处就是一个不是<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>的普通字符。而对于长度为<span
+lang=EN-US>len</span>的字符</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>name</span>���ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>name[len]</span>��Ӧ����<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>串<span lang=EN-US>name</span>，字符<span
+lang=EN-US>name[len]</span>就应该是<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!de || !de-&gt;inode || len &gt; <u><span style='color:blue'>NAME_LEN</span></u>)</span></p>
@@ -61113,9 +61113,9 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 &quot;/usr/lib//libc.a&quot; work */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* &quot;&quot; </span>���� <span lang=EN-US>&quot;.&quot; </span>������ <span
-lang=EN-US>---&gt; </span>�������ܴ����� <span lang=EN-US>&quot;/usr/lib//libc.a&quot;
-</span>������·����<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* &quot;&quot; </span>当作 <span lang=EN-US>&quot;.&quot; </span>来看待 <span
+lang=EN-US>---&gt; </span>这样就能处理象 <span lang=EN-US>&quot;/usr/lib//libc.a&quot;
+</span>那样的路径名<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!len &amp;&amp; (de-&gt;name[0]==<i>'.'</i>) &amp;&amp; (de-&gt;name[1]==<i>'\0'</i>))</span></p>
@@ -61130,28 +61130,28 @@ de-&gt;name[len])</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��ʹ��Ƕ���������п��ٱȽϲ������������û����ݿռ䣨<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>�Σ�ִ���ַ����ıȽ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后使用嵌入汇编语句进行快速比较操作。它会在用户数据空间（<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>段）执行字符串的比较</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>%0
-- eax</span>���ȽϽ��<span lang=EN-US>same</span>����<span lang=EN-US>%1 - eax</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����<span lang=EN-US>%2 - esi</span>������ָ�룩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>操作。<span lang=EN-US>%0
+- eax</span>（比较结果<span lang=EN-US>same</span>）；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - eax</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>初值<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）；<span lang=EN-US>%2 - esi</span>（名字指针）；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %3 - edi</span>��Ŀ¼����ָ�룩��<span
-lang=EN-US>%4 - ecx(</span>�Ƚϵ��ֽڳ���ֵ<span lang=EN-US>len)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %3 - edi</span>（目录项名指针）；<span
+lang=EN-US>%4 - ecx(</span>比较的字节长度值<span lang=EN-US>len)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽���־λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向标志位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<i>&quot;fs ; repe ; cmpsb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�û��ռ�ִ��ѭ���Ƚ�<span
-lang=EN-US>[esi++]</span>��<span lang=EN-US>[edi++]</span>������</p>
+<i>&quot;fs ; repe ; cmpsb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用户空间执行循环比较<span
+lang=EN-US>[esi++]</span>和<span lang=EN-US>[edi++]</span>操作，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;setz %%al&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;// </span>���ȽϽ��һ����<span lang=EN-US>zf=0</span>������<span lang=EN-US>al=1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>same=eax</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;// </span>若比较结果一样（<span lang=EN-US>zf=0</span>）则置<span lang=EN-US>al=1</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>same=eax</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;:<i>&quot;=a&quot;</i>
 (same)</span></p>
@@ -61165,7 +61165,7 @@ lang=EN-US>same=eax</span>����</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return same;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���رȽϽ����</p>
+// </span>返回比较结果。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u> }</span></p>
 
@@ -61207,41 +61207,41 @@ find_entry()</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ָ��Ŀ¼��Ѱ��һ��������ƥ���Ŀ¼�����һ�������ҵ�Ŀ¼��ĸ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>在指定目录中寻找一个与名字匹配的目录项。返回一个含有找到目录项的高速</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������Լ�Ŀ¼�������Ϊһ������<span
-lang=EN-US> - res_dir</span>�����ú���������ȡĿ¼��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>缓冲块以及目录项本身（作为一个参数<span
+lang=EN-US> - res_dir</span>）。该函数并不读取目录项</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US> - </span>�����Ҫ�Ļ����Լ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US> - </span>如果需要的话则自己操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>'..'</span>Ŀ¼�����ڲ����ڼ�Ҳ��Լ�����������ֱ���<span lang=EN-US> - </span>�����Խ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>由于有<span
+lang=EN-US>'..'</span>目录项，因此在操作期间也会对几种特殊情况分别处理<span lang=EN-US> - </span>比如横越</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>һ��α��Ŀ¼�Լ���װ�㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>一个伪根目录以及安装点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����ָ��Ŀ¼���ļ�����Ŀ¼�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>查找指定目录和文件名的目录项。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>*dir
-- </span>ָ��Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>name - </span>�ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>namelen - </span>�ļ������ȣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>*dir
+- </span>指定目录<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的指针；<span lang=EN-US>name - </span>文件名；<span
+lang=EN-US>namelen - </span>文件名长度；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�����ָ��Ŀ¼�����ݣ��ļ���������ָ���ļ�����Ŀ¼�����ָ���ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>'..'</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数在指定目录的数据（文件）中搜索指定文件名的目录项。并对指定文件名是<span
+lang=EN-US>'..'</span>的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ݵ�ǰ���е�������ý������⴦�������ں�����������ָ���ָ������ã����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>情况根据当前进行的相关设置进行特殊处理。关于函数参数传递指针的指针的作用，请参</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>linux/sched.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>151</span>��ǰ��ע�͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>见<span lang=EN-US>linux/sched.c</span>第<span
+lang=EN-US>151</span>行前的注释。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��ɹ��������ٻ�����ָ�룬����<span
-lang=EN-US>*res_dir</span>�����ص�Ŀ¼��ṹָ�롣ʧ���򷵻�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：成功则函数高速缓冲区指针，并在<span
+lang=EN-US>*res_dir</span>处返回的目录项结构指针。失败则返回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>空指针<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>
 static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -61275,14 +61275,14 @@ style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u> * sb;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͬ����������һ����Ҳ��Ҫ�Ժ�����������Ч�Խ����жϺ���֤�����������ǰ���<span
-lang=EN-US>30</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>同样，本函数一上来也需要对函数参数的有效性进行判断和验证。如果我们在前面第<span
+lang=EN-US>30</span>行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����˷��ų���<span
-lang=EN-US>NO_TRUNCATE</span>����ô����ļ������ȳ�����󳤶�<span lang=EN-US>NAME_LEN</span>�����账����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义了符号常数<span
+lang=EN-US>NO_TRUNCATE</span>，那么如果文件名长度超过最大长度<span lang=EN-US>NAME_LEN</span>，则不予处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���û�ж����<span
-lang=EN-US>NO_TRUNCATE</span>����ô���ļ������ȳ�����󳤶�<span lang=EN-US>NAME_LEN</span>ʱ�ض�֮��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果没有定义过<span
+lang=EN-US>NO_TRUNCATE</span>，那么在文件名长度超过最大长度<span lang=EN-US>NAME_LEN</span>时截短之。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #ifdef NO_TRUNCATE</span></p>
@@ -61311,13 +61311,13 @@ lang=EN-US> #endif</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ��㱾Ŀ¼��Ŀ¼������<span
-lang=EN-US>entries</span>�� Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ� <span lang=EN-US>i_size</span>�ֶ��к��б�Ŀ¼����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先计算本目录中目录项项数<span
+lang=EN-US>entries</span>。 目录<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点 <span lang=EN-US>i_size</span>字段中含有本目录包含的数据</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȣ���������һ��Ŀ¼��ĳ��ȣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>16</span>�ֽڣ����ɵõ���Ŀ¼��Ŀ¼������Ȼ���ÿշ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>长度，因此其除以一个目录项的长度（<span
+lang=EN-US>16</span>字节）即可得到该目录中目录项数。然后置空返回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼��ṹָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录项结构指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; entries =
@@ -61327,36 +61327,36 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; entries =
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *res_dir = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������Ƕ�Ŀ¼���ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>'..'</span>������������⴦���������ǰ����ָ���ĸ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接下来我们对目录项文件名是<span
+lang=EN-US>'..'</span>的情况进行特殊处理。如果当前进程指定的根<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点就是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ָ����Ŀ¼����˵�����ڱ�������˵�����Ŀ¼��������α��Ŀ¼��������ֻ�ܷ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数参数指定的目录，则说明对于本进程来说，这个目录就是它的伪根目录，即进程只能访</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ʸ�Ŀ¼�е�������ܺ��˵��丸Ŀ¼��ȥ��Ҳ�����ڸý��̱�Ŀ¼����ͬ���ļ�ϵͳ�ĸ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>问该目录中的项而不能后退到其父目录中去。也即对于该进程本目录就如同是文件系统的根</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼�����������Ҫ���ļ����޸�Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>'.'</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录。因此我们需要将文件名修改为<span
+lang=EN-US>'.'</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ŵ���<span lang=EN-US>ROOT_INO</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ţ��Ļ���˵��ȷʵ���ļ�ϵͳ�ĸ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则，如果该目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号等于<span lang=EN-US>ROOT_INO</span>（<span lang=EN-US>1</span>号）的话，说明确实是文件系统的根<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ�ļ�ϵͳ�ĳ����顣�������װ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ڣ����ȷŻ�ԭ<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬Ȼ��Ա���װ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则取文件系统的超级块。如果被安装到的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点存在，则先放回原<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，然后对被安装到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���д���������������<span
-lang=EN-US>*dir</span>ָ��ñ���װ����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣻���Ҹ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点进行处理。于是我们让<span
+lang=EN-US>*dir</span>指向该被安装到的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点；并且该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的引用数加<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������������ĵؽ����ˡ�͵������������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即针对这种情况，我们悄悄地进行了“偷梁换柱”工程<span
 lang=EN-US>:)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>115</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* check for '..', as we might have to do some
 &quot;magic&quot; for it */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���Ŀ¼�� <span
-lang=EN-US>'..'</span>����Ϊ���ǿ�����Ҫ����������⴦��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>检查目录项 <span
+lang=EN-US>'..'</span>，因为我们可能需要对其进行特殊处理<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (namelen==2
@@ -61368,8 +61368,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (namelen==2
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* '..' in a pseudo-root results in a faked '.' (just change
 namelen) */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>α���е� <span lang=EN-US>'..'
-</span>��ͬһ����<span lang=EN-US> '.'</span>��ֻ��ı����ֳ��ȣ�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>伪根中的 <span lang=EN-US>'..'
+</span>如同一个假<span lang=EN-US> '.'</span>（只需改变名字长度）<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -61391,11 +61391,11 @@ for the mounted</i></b></span></p>
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;directory-inode. NOTE! We set mounted, so
 that we can iput the new dir */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>��һ����װ���ϵ� <span
-lang=EN-US>'..' </span>������Ŀ¼����������װ�ļ�ϵͳ��Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ϡ�ע�⣡</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>在一个安装点上的 <span
+lang=EN-US>'..' </span>将导致目录交换到被安装文件系统的目录<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点上。注意！</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>mounted</span>��־����������ܹ��Żظ���Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>由于我们设置了<span
+lang=EN-US>mounted</span>标志，因而我们能够放回该新目录<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>123</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -61430,20 +61430,20 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ǿ�ʼ��������������ָ���ļ�����Ŀ¼����ʲô�ط������������Ҫ��ȡĿ¼����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在我们开始正常操作，查找指定文件名的目录项在什么地方。因此我们需要读取目录的数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ݣ���ȡ��Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ӧ���豸�������е����ݿ飨�߼��飩��Ϣ����Щ�߼���Ŀ�ű�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>据，即取出目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点对应块设备数据区中的数据块（逻辑块）信息。这些逻辑块的块号保</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹ��
-<span lang=EN-US>i_zone[9]</span>�����С�������ȡ���е�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����š����Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ��ĵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>存在<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构的
+<span lang=EN-US>i_zone[9]</span>数组中。我们先取其中第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个块号。如果目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指向的第</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ��ֱ�Ӵ��̿��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����˵����Ŀ¼��Ȼ�������ݣ��ⲻ���������Ƿ���<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�˳�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一个直接磁盘块号为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则说明该目录竟然不含数据，这不正常。于是返回<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>退出。否则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ǿʹӽڵ������豸��ȡָ����Ŀ¼�����ݿ顣��Ȼ��������ɹ�����Ҳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>我们就从节点所在设备读取指定的目录项数据块。当然，如果不成功，则也返回<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>131</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(block =
@@ -61463,14 +61463,14 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ���Ǿ��������ȡ��Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ݿ�������ƥ��ָ���ļ�����Ŀ¼�������<span lang=EN-US>de</span>ָ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时我们就在这个读取的目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点数据块中搜索匹配指定文件名的目录项。首先让<span lang=EN-US>de</span>指</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�򻺳���е����ݿ鲿�֣����ڲ�����Ŀ¼��Ŀ¼�����������£�ѭ��ִ������������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>向缓冲块中的数据块部分，并在不超过目录中目录项数的条件下，循环执行搜索。其中<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼�е�Ŀ¼�������ţ���ѭ����ʼʱ��ʼ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录中的目录项索引号，在循环开始时初始化为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>135</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i = 0;</span></p>
@@ -61483,18 +61483,18 @@ style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u> *) bh-&gt;b_data;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (i &lt; entries)
 {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰĿ¼�����ݿ��Ѿ������꣬��û���ҵ�ƥ���Ŀ¼����ͷŵ�ǰĿ¼�����ݿ顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前目录项数据块已经搜索完，还没有找到匹配的目录项，则释放当前目录项数据块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ٶ���Ŀ¼����һ���߼��顣�����Ϊ�գ���ֻҪ��û��������Ŀ¼�е�����Ŀ¼���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再读入目录的下一个逻辑块。若这块为空，则只要还没有搜索完目录中的所有目录项，就</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ÿ飬������Ŀ¼����һ�߼��顣���ÿ鲻�գ�����
-<span lang=EN-US>de </span>ָ������ݿ飬Ȼ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>跳过该块，继续读目录的下一逻辑块。若该块不空，就让
+<span lang=EN-US>de </span>指向该数据块，然后在其中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>141</span>����<span lang=EN-US>i/DIR_ENTRIES_PER_BLOCK</span>�ɵõ���ǰ������Ŀ¼������Ŀ¼��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>继续搜索。其中<span
+lang=EN-US>141</span>行上<span lang=EN-US>i/DIR_ENTRIES_PER_BLOCK</span>可得到当前搜索的目录项所在目录文</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���еĿ�ţ���<span
-lang=EN-US>bmap()</span>������<span lang=EN-US>inode.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>142</span>�У���ɼ�������豸�϶�Ӧ���߼���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>件中的块号，而<span
+lang=EN-US>bmap()</span>函数（<span lang=EN-US>inode.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>142</span>行）则可计算出在设备上对应的逻辑块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -61538,11 +61538,11 @@ de = (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u> *) bh-&gt;b_data;<
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ҵ�ƥ���Ŀ¼��Ļ����򷵻ظ�Ŀ¼��ṹָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>de</span>�͸�Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ��<span lang=EN-US>*dir</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果找到匹配的目录项的话，则返回该目录项结构指针<span
+lang=EN-US>de</span>和该目录项<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针<span lang=EN-US>*dir</span>以</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ŀ¼�����ݿ�ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>bh</span>�����˳����������������Ŀ¼�����ݿ��бȽ���һ��Ŀ¼�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>及该目录项数据块指针<span
+lang=EN-US>bh</span>，并退出函数。否则继续在目录项数据块中比较下一个目录项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -61570,10 +61570,10 @@ i++;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ָ��Ŀ¼�е�����Ŀ¼�������󣬻�û���ҵ���Ӧ��Ŀ¼����ͷ�Ŀ¼������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果指定目录中的所有目录项都搜索完后，还没有找到相应的目录项，则释放目录的数据</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�飬��󷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��ʧ�ܣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块，最后返回<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>（失败）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -61628,34 +61628,34 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; add_entry()</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ʹ����<span
-lang=EN-US>find_entry()</span>ͬ���ķ�������ָ��Ŀ¼������һָ���ļ�����Ŀ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>使用与<span
+lang=EN-US>find_entry()</span>同样的方法，往指定目录中添加一指定文件名的目</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>¼����ʧ���򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>录项。如果失败则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�⣡��<span
-lang=EN-US>'de'</span>��ָ��Ŀ¼��ṹָ�룩��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㲿�ֱ�����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0 - </span>���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意！！<span
+lang=EN-US>'de'</span>（指定目录项结构指针）的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点部分被设置为<span
+lang=EN-US>0 - </span>这表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ʾ�ڵ��øú�������Ŀ¼����������Ϣ֮�䲻��ȥ˯�ߡ�
-��Ϊ���˯�ߣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>示在调用该函数和往目录项中添加信息之间不能去睡眠。
+因为如果睡眠，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ô������<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>���ܻ�ʹ���˸�Ŀ¼�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>那么其他人<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>进程<span lang=EN-US>)</span>可能会使用了该目录项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����ָ����Ŀ¼���ļ�������Ŀ¼�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>根据指定的目录和文件名添加目录项。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>dir
-- </span>ָ��Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣻<span lang=EN-US>name - </span>�ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>namelen - </span>�ļ������ȣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>dir
+- </span>指定目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点；<span lang=EN-US>name - </span>文件名；<span
+lang=EN-US>namelen - </span>文件名长度；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ����ٻ�����ָ�룻<span
-lang=EN-US>res_dir - </span>���ص�Ŀ¼��ṹָ�룻</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：高速缓冲区指针；<span
+lang=EN-US>res_dir - </span>返回的目录项结构指针；</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>169</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -61684,19 +61684,19 @@ style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u> * de;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͬ����������һ����Ҳ��Ҫ�Ժ�����������Ч�Խ����жϺ���֤�����������ǰ���<span
-lang=EN-US>30</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>同样，本函数一上来也需要对函数参数的有效性进行判断和验证。如果我们在前面第<span
+lang=EN-US>30</span>行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����˷��ų���<span
-lang=EN-US>NO_TRUNCATE</span>����ô����ļ������ȳ�����󳤶�<span lang=EN-US>NAME_LEN</span>�����账����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义了符号常数<span
+lang=EN-US>NO_TRUNCATE</span>，那么如果文件名长度超过最大长度<span lang=EN-US>NAME_LEN</span>，则不予处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���û�ж����<span
-lang=EN-US>NO_TRUNCATE</span>����ô���ļ������ȳ�����󳤶�<span lang=EN-US>NAME_LEN</span>ʱ�ض�֮��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果没有定义过<span
+lang=EN-US>NO_TRUNCATE</span>，那么在文件名长度超过最大长度<span lang=EN-US>NAME_LEN</span>时截短之。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *res_dir = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ڷ���Ŀ¼��ṹָ�롣</p>
+// </span>用于返回目录项结构指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>177</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #ifdef NO_TRUNCATE</span></p>
@@ -61723,23 +61723,23 @@ namelen = <u><span style='color:blue'>NAME_LEN</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>183</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #endif</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ǿ�ʼ��������ָ��Ŀ¼������һ��ָ���ļ�����Ŀ¼����������Ҫ�ȶ�ȡĿ¼</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在我们开始操作，向指定目录中添加一个指定文件名的目录项。因此我们需要先读取目录</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ݣ���ȡ��Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ӧ���豸�������е����ݿ飨�߼��飩��Ϣ����Щ�߼���Ŀ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的数据，即取出目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点对应块设备数据区中的数据块（逻辑块）信息。这些逻辑块的块</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ű�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹ��
-<span lang=EN-US>i_zone[9]</span>�����С�������ȡ���е�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����š����Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号保存在<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构的
+<span lang=EN-US>i_zone[9]</span>数组中。我们先取其中第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个块号。如果目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指向</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ĵ�һ��ֱ�Ӵ��̿��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����˵����Ŀ¼��Ȼ�������ݣ��ⲻ���������Ƿ���<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的第一个直接磁盘块号为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则说明该目录竟然不含数据，这不正常。于是返回<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>退出。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ǿʹӽڵ������豸��ȡָ����Ŀ¼�����ݿ顣��Ȼ��������ɹ�����Ҳ����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则我们就从节点所在设备读取指定的目录项数据块。当然，如果不成功，则也返回<span
 lang=EN-US>NULL</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�˳������⣬��������ṩ���ļ������ȵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����Ҳ����<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>退出。另外，如果参数提供的文件名长度等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则也返回<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>184</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!namelen)</span></p>
@@ -61764,14 +61764,14 @@ style='color:blue'>bread</span></u>(dir-&gt;i_dev,block)))</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ���Ǿ������Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ݿ���ѭ���������δʹ�õĿ�Ŀ¼�������Ŀ¼��ṹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时我们就在这个目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点数据块中循环查找最后未使用的空目录项。首先让目录项结构</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>de</span>ָ�򻺳���е����ݿ鲿�֣�����һ��Ŀ¼�������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>��Ŀ¼�е�Ŀ¼�������ţ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针<span lang=EN-US>de</span>指向缓冲块中的数据块部分，即第一个目录项处。其中<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>是目录中的目录项索引号，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ѭ����ʼʱ��ʼ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在循环开始时初始化为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i = 0;</span></p>
@@ -61783,24 +61783,24 @@ style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u> *) bh-&gt;b_data;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>192</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (1) {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰĿ¼�����ݿ��Ѿ�������ϣ�����û���ҵ���Ҫ�Ŀ�Ŀ¼����ͷŵ�ǰĿ¼����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前目录项数据块已经搜索完毕，但还没有找到需要的空目录项，则释放当前目录项数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ݿ飬�ٶ���Ŀ¼����һ���߼��顣�����Ӧ���߼��鲻���ھʹ���һ�顣����ȡ�򴴽���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>据块，再读入目录的下一个逻辑块。如果对应的逻辑块不存在就创建一块。若读取或创建操</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʧ���򷵻ؿա�����˴ζ�ȡ�Ĵ����߼������ݷ��صĻ����ָ��Ϊ�գ�˵������߼���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>作失败则返回空。如果此次读取的磁盘逻辑块数据返回的缓冲块指针为空，说明这块逻辑块</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ϊ�����ڶ��´����Ŀտ飬���Ŀ¼������ֵ����һ���߼����������ɵ�Ŀ¼����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>可能是因为不存在而新创建的空块，则把目录项索引值加上一块逻辑块所能容纳的目录项数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // DIR_ENTRIES_PER_BLOCK</span>�����������ÿ鲢��������������˵���¶���Ŀ�����Ŀ¼�����ݣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // DIR_ENTRIES_PER_BLOCK</span>，用以跳过该块并继续搜索。否则说明新读入的块上有目录项数据，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ŀ¼��ṹָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>de</span>ָ��ÿ�Ļ�������ݲ��֣�Ȼ�������м�������������<span lang=EN-US>196</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于是让目录项结构指针<span
+lang=EN-US>de</span>指向该块的缓冲块数据部分，然后在其中继续搜索。其中<span lang=EN-US>196</span>行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ϵ� <span lang=EN-US>i/DIR_ENTRIES_PER_BLOCK
-</span>�ɼ���õ���ǰ������Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i </span>����Ŀ¼�ļ��еĿ�ţ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>上的 <span lang=EN-US>i/DIR_ENTRIES_PER_BLOCK
+</span>可计算得到当前搜索的目录项<span lang=EN-US>i </span>所在目录文件中的块号，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>create_block()</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>inode.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>147</span>�У���ɶ�ȡ�򴴽������豸�϶�Ӧ���߼��顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>而<span lang=EN-US>create_block()</span>函数（<span
+lang=EN-US>inode.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>147</span>行）则可读取或创建出在设备上对应的逻辑块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -61832,7 +61832,7 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>199</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;if (!(bh = <u><span style='color:blue'>bread</span></u>(dir-&gt;i_dev,block)))
-{ // </span>�����������ÿ������</p>
+{ // </span>若空则跳过该块继续。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>200</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -61854,19 +61854,19 @@ de = (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u> *) bh-&gt;b_data;<
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ��������Ŀ¼�����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>����Ŀ¼�ṹ��С���ĳ���ֵ�Ѿ������˸�Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���Ϣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前所操作的目录项序号<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>乘上目录结构大小所的长度值已经超过了该目录<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点信息</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ����Ŀ¼���ݳ���ֵ <span
-lang=EN-US>i_size </span>����˵������Ŀ¼�ļ�������û������ɾ���ļ����µĿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>所指出的目录数据长度值 <span
+lang=EN-US>i_size </span>，则说明整个目录文件数据中没有由于删除文件留下的空</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼��������ֻ�ܰ���Ҫ���ӵ���Ŀ¼��ӵ�Ŀ¼�ļ����ݵ�ĩ�˴������ǶԸô�Ŀ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录项，因此我们只能把需要添加的新目录项附加到目录文件数据的末端处。于是对该处目</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>¼��������ã��ø�Ŀ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ��Ϊ�գ��������¸�Ŀ¼�ļ��ĳ���ֵ������һ��Ŀ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>录项进行设置（置该目录项的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针为空），并更新该目录文件的长度值（加上一个目</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>¼��ĳ��ȣ���Ȼ������Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸ı�־���ٸ��¸�Ŀ¼�ĸı�ʱ��Ϊ��ǰʱ�䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>录项的长度），然后设置目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改标志，再更新该目录的改变时间为当前时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -61893,14 +61893,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ǰ������Ŀ¼�� <span
-lang=EN-US>de </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�Ϊ�գ����ʾ�ҵ�һ����δʹ�õĿ���Ŀ¼��������ӵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若当前搜索的目录项 <span
+lang=EN-US>de </span>的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点为空，则表示找到一个还未使用的空闲目录项或是添加的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ŀ¼����Ǹ���Ŀ¼���޸�ʱ��Ϊ��ǰʱ�䣬�����û������������ļ�������Ŀ¼���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>新目录项。于是更新目录的修改时间为当前时间，并从用户数据区复制文件名到该目录项的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ����ֶΣ��ú��б�Ŀ¼�����Ӧ���ٻ�������޸ı�־�����ظ�Ŀ¼���ָ���Լ��ø�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件名字段，置含有本目录项的相应高速缓冲块已修改标志。返回该目录项的指针以及该高</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ٻ�����ָ�룬�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>速缓冲块的指针，退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>211</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -61936,7 +61936,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>219</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-de++;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����Ŀ¼���Ѿ���ʹ�ã�����������һ��Ŀ¼�</p>
+de++;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>如果该目录项已经被使用，则继续检测下一个目录项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>220</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -61945,11 +61945,11 @@ i++;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>221</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ִ�в��������Ҳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>Linus</span>��д��δ���ʱ���ȸ���������<span lang=EN-US>find_entry()</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>本函数执行不到这里。这也许是<span
+lang=EN-US>Linus</span>在写这段代码时，先复制了上面<span lang=EN-US>find_entry()</span>函数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ĵ��룬�����޸ĳɱ�������<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的代码，而后修改成本函数的<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>222</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -61965,15 +61965,15 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>225</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ҷ������ӵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>查找符号链接的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>dir
-- </span>Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣻<span lang=EN-US>inode - </span>Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>dir
+- </span>目录<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点；<span lang=EN-US>inode - </span>目录项<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ����ط������ӵ��ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�롣��������<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：返回符号链接到文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针。出错返回<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>226</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -61985,7 +61985,7 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short fs;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʱ����<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>�μĴ���ֵ��</p>
+// </span>用于临时保存<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>段寄存器值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>229</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; struct <u><span
@@ -61994,15 +61994,15 @@ style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * bh;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>230</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϺ�����������Ч�ԡ����û�и���Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���Ǿ�ʹ�ý�������ṹ�����õ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断函数参数的有效性。如果没有给出目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，我们就使用进程任务结构中设置的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬������������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����û�и���Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��Ż�Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�󷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并把链接数增<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。如果没有给出目录项<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，则放回目录<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点后返回<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ָ��Ŀ¼���һ���������ӣ���ֱ�ӷ���Ŀ¼���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果指定目录项不是一个符号链接，就直接返回目录项对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>231</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!dir) {</span></p>
@@ -62047,22 +62047,22 @@ return inode;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>242</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>�μĴ���ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>ͨ��������ָ���������ݶε�ѡ���<span lang=EN-US>0x17</span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>û��ָ���û�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后取<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>段寄存器值。<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>通常保存着指向任务数据段的选择符<span lang=EN-US>0x17</span>。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>没有指向用户</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݶΣ����߸�����Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ֱ�ӿ��ŵ���<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�������Ƕ�ȡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��ֱ�ӿ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数据段，或者给出的目录项<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个直接块块号等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，或者是读取第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个直接块出错，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ż�<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>inode</span>����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㲢����<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�˳�������˵������<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>��ָ���û����ݶΡ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则放回<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>inode</span>两个<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点并返回<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>退出。否则说明现在<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>正指向用户数据段、并且</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ѿ��ɹ��ض�ȡ�������������Ŀ¼����ļ����ݣ������ļ������Ѿ���
-<span lang=EN-US>bh </span>ָ��Ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>我们已经成功地读取了这个符号链接目录项的文件内容，并且文件内容已经在
+<span lang=EN-US>bh </span>指向的缓冲</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������С�ʵ���ϣ����������������н�����һ������ָ����ļ�·�����ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块数据区中。实际上，这个缓冲块数据区中仅包含一个链接指向的文件路径名字符串。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>243</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; __asm__(<i>&quot;mov
@@ -62092,22 +62092,22 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>249</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ�����Ѿ�����Ҫ��������Ŀ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ˣ����ǰ����Żء���������һ�����⣬�Ǿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时我们已经不需要符号链接目录项的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点了，于是把它放回。现在碰到一个问题，那就</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ں˺����������û����ݶ��Ǵ�����û����ݿռ��еģ���ʹ����
-<span lang=EN-US>fs </span>�μĴ��������û�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是内核函数处理的用户数据都是存放在用户数据空间中的，并使用了
+<span lang=EN-US>fs </span>段寄存器来从用户</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ռ䴫�����ݵ��ں˿ռ��С���������Ҫ����������ȴ���ں˿ռ��С����Ϊ����ȷ�ش���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>空间传递数据到内核空间中。而这里需要处理的数据却在内核空间中。因此为了正确地处理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ���ں��е��û����ݣ�������Ҫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>�μĴ�����ʱָ���ں˿ռ䣬����<span lang=EN-US>fs =0x10</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位于内核中的用户数据，我们需要让<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>段寄存器临时指向内核空间，即让<span lang=EN-US>fs =0x10</span>。并在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ú�����������ٻָ�ԭ<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>��ֵ������ͷ���Ӧ����飬������ <span lang=EN-US>_namei()</span>�����õ��ķ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>调用函数处理完后再恢复原<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>的值。最后释放相应缓冲块，并返回 <span lang=EN-US>_namei()</span>解析得到的符</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ָ����ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号链接指向的文件<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>250</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -62164,21 +62164,21 @@ get_dir()</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ú������ݸ�����·��������������ֱ���ﵽ��˵�Ŀ¼��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该函数根据给出的路径名进行搜索，直到达到最顶端的目录。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ʧ���򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>如果失败则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ָ��Ŀ¼��ʼ��Ѱָ��·������Ŀ¼�����ļ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>从指定目录开始搜寻指定路径名的目录（或文件名）的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>pathname
-- </span>·������<span lang=EN-US>inode - </span>ָ����ʼĿ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>pathname
+- </span>路径名；<span lang=EN-US>inode - </span>指定起始目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ�Ŀ¼���ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�롣ʧ��ʱ����<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：目录或文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针。失败时返回<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>264</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -62213,24 +62213,24 @@ style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * dir;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>272</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ�����Ч�ԡ����������ָ��Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ��<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>Ϊ�գ���ʹ�õ�ǰ���̵ĵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数有效性。如果给出的指定目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>为空，则使用当前进程的当</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ǰ����Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣����û�ָ��·�����ĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���ַ���<span lang=EN-US>'/'</span>����˵��·�����Ǿ���·������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>前工作目录<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。如果用户指定路径名的第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个字符是<span lang=EN-US>'/'</span>，则说明路径名是绝对路径名。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӧ�ôӵ�ǰ��������ṹ�����õĸ�����α����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㿪ʼ����������������Ҫ�ȷŻز�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则应该从当前进程任务结构中设置的根（或伪根）<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点开始操作。于是我们需要先放回参</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ���Ļ����趨��Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��ȡ�ý���ʹ�õĸ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣Ȼ��Ѹ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����ü���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数指定的或者设定的目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并取得进程使用的根<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。然后把该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的引用计数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����ɾ��·�����ĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���ַ� <span lang=EN-US>'/'</span>�������Ϳ��Ա�֤��ǰ����ֻ�������趨�ĸ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>加<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，并删除路径名的第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个字符 <span lang=EN-US>'/'</span>。这样就可以保证当前进程只能以其设定的根<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ��������㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>作为搜索的起点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>273</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!inode) {</span></p>
@@ -62238,7 +62238,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!inode) {</span>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>274</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode = <u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;pwd;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���̵ĵ�ǰ����Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+// </span>进程的当前工作目录<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>275</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -62254,13 +62254,13 @@ style='color:blue'>get_fs_byte</span></u>(pathname))==<i>'/'</i>) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>278</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>iput</span></u>(inode);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�Ż�ԭ<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>放回原<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>279</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode = <u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;root;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ϊ����ָ���ĸ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+// </span>为进程指定的根<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>280</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -62273,23 +62273,23 @@ inode-&gt;i_count++;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>282</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����·�����еĸ���Ŀ¼�����ֺ��ļ�������ѭ����������ѭ�����������У�������Ҫ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后针对路径名中的各个目录名部分和文件名进行循环处理。在循环处理过程中，我们先要</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ե�ǰ���ڴ�����Ŀ¼�����ֵ� <span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������Ч���жϣ����Ұѱ���<span lang=EN-US>thisname </span>ָ��ǰ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对当前正在处理的目录名部分的 <span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点进行有效性判断，并且把变量<span lang=EN-US>thisname </span>指向当前正</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ�����Ŀ¼�����֡������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������ǰ������Ŀ¼�����ֲ���Ŀ¼���ͣ�����û�п�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在处理的目录名部分。如果该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表明当前处理的目录名部分不是目录类型，或者没有可</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ŀ¼�ķ������ɣ���Żظ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬������<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�˳��� ��Ȼ�ڸս���ѭ��ʱ����ǰ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进入该目录的访问许可，则放回该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并返回<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>退出。 当然在刚进入循环时，当前</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>inode</span>���ǽ��̸�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����ǵ�ǰ����Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�����ǲ���ָ����ĳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span
+lang=EN-US>inode</span>就是进程根<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点或者是当前工作目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，或者是参数指定的某</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ʼĿ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个搜索起始目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>283</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (1) {</span></p>
@@ -62316,31 +62316,31 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ÿ��ѭ�����Ǵ���·������һ��Ŀ¼�������ļ��������֡������ÿ��ѭ�������Ƕ�Ҫ��·</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>每次循环我们处理路径名中一个目录名（或文件名）部分。因此在每次循环中我们都要从路</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ����з����һ��Ŀ¼�������ļ������������Ǵӵ�ǰ·����ָ��
-<span lang=EN-US>pathname </span>��ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>径名字符串中分离出一个目录名（或文件名）。方法是从当前路径名指针
+<span lang=EN-US>pathname </span>开始处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ַ���ֱ���ַ���һ����β����<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��������һ��<span lang=EN-US>'/'</span>�ַ�����ʱ���� <span
-lang=EN-US>namelen </span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>搜索检测字符，直到字符是一个结尾符（<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>）或者是一个<span lang=EN-US>'/'</span>字符。此时变量 <span
+lang=EN-US>namelen </span>正</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǵ�ǰ����Ŀ¼�����ֵĳ��ȣ������� <span
-lang=EN-US>thisname </span>��ָ���Ŀ¼�����ֵĿ�ʼ������ʱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>好是当前处理目录名部分的长度，而变量 <span
+lang=EN-US>thisname </span>正指向该目录名部分的开始处。此时如</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ַ��ǽ�β��<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��������Ѿ�������·����ĩβ�����ѵ������ָ��Ŀ¼�����ļ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>果字符是结尾符<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，则表明已经搜索到路径名末尾，并已到达最后指定目录名或文件名，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�򷵻ظ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则返回该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针退出。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ע�⣡���·���������һ������Ҳ��һ��Ŀ¼�����������û�м���
-<span lang=EN-US>'/'</span>�ַ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>注意！如果路径名中最后一个名称也是一个目录名，但其后面没有加上
+<span lang=EN-US>'/'</span>字符，则函数不</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�᷵�ظ����Ŀ¼����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣡���磺����·����<span lang=EN-US>/usr/src/linux</span>���ú�����ֻ����<span
-lang=EN-US>src/</span>Ŀ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>会返回该最后目录名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点！例如：对于路径名<span lang=EN-US>/usr/src/linux</span>，该函数将只返回<span
+lang=EN-US>src/</span>目</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>¼����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>录名的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>289</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -62358,22 +62358,22 @@ if (!c)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;return inode;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵõ���ǰĿ¼�����֣����ļ����������ǵ��ò���Ŀ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>find_entry()</span>�ڵ�ǰ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在得到当前目录名部分（或文件名）后，我们调用查找目录项函数<span
+lang=EN-US>find_entry()</span>在当前处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ŀ¼��Ѱ��ָ�����Ƶ�Ŀ¼����û���ҵ�����Żظ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬������<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>理的目录中寻找指定名称的目录项。如果没有找到，则放回该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并返回<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>退出。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����ҵ���Ŀ¼����ȡ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��<span lang=EN-US>inr</span>���豸��<span lang=EN-US>idev</span>���ͷŰ�����Ŀ¼��ĸ��ٻ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后在找到的目录项中取出其<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号<span lang=EN-US>inr</span>和设备号<span lang=EN-US>idev</span>，释放包含该目录项的高速缓冲</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�鲢�Żظ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣
-Ȼ��ȡ�ڵ��<span lang=EN-US>inr</span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>�����Ը�Ŀ¼��Ϊ��ǰĿ¼����ѭ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块并放回该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。
+然后取节点号<span lang=EN-US>inr</span>的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>，并以该目录项为当前目录继续循</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������·�����е���һĿ¼�����֣����ļ������������ǰ������Ŀ¼����һ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>环处理路径名中的下一目录名部分（或文件名）。如果当前处理的目录项是一个符号链接</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>follow_link()</span>�Ϳ��Եõ���ָ���Ŀ¼������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>名，则使用<span lang=EN-US>follow_link()</span>就可以得到其指向的目录项名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>293</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -62395,7 +62395,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>297</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inr = de-&gt;inode;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰĿ¼�����ֵ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�š�</p>
+// </span>当前目录名部分的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>298</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -62408,7 +62408,7 @@ dir = inode;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>300</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(inode = <u><span style='color:blue'>iget</span></u>(dir-&gt;i_dev,inr)))
-{&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ݡ�</p>
+{&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>301</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -62463,23 +62463,23 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * dir_namei()</span>��������ָ��Ŀ¼����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�룬�Լ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * dir_namei()</span>函数返回指定目录名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针，以及在最顶层</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>Ŀ¼�����ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>目录的名称。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>pathname
-- </span>Ŀ¼·������<span lang=EN-US>namelen - </span>·�������ȣ�<span lang=EN-US>name - </span>���ص����Ŀ¼����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>pathname
+- </span>目录路径名；<span lang=EN-US>namelen - </span>路径名长度；<span lang=EN-US>name - </span>返回的最顶层目录名。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // base - </span>������ʼĿ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // base - </span>搜索起始目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ�ָ��Ŀ¼�����Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ������Ŀ¼���Ƽ����ȡ�����ʱ����<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：指定目录名最顶层目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针和最顶层目录名称及长度。出错时返回<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ע�⣡��������Ŀ¼����ָ·���������ĩ�˵�Ŀ¼��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>注意！！这里“最顶层目录”是指路径名中最靠近末端的目录。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>315</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -62507,23 +62507,23 @@ style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * dir;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>321</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ��ָ��·�������Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣Ȼ���·����<span lang=EN-US>pathname</span>����������⣬������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先取得指定路径名最顶层目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。然后对路径名<span lang=EN-US>pathname</span>进行搜索检测，查出最后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ��<span lang=EN-US>'/'</span>�ַ�����������ַ����������䳤�ȣ����ҷ������Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�롣ע�⣡��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一个<span lang=EN-US>'/'</span>字符后面的名字字符串，计算其长度，并且返回最顶层目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针。注意！如</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��·�������һ���ַ���б���ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>'/'</span>����ô���ص�Ŀ¼��Ϊ�գ����ҳ���Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�������ص�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>果路径名最后一个字符是斜杠字符<span
+lang=EN-US>'/'</span>，那么返回的目录名为空，并且长度为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。但返回的<span
 lang=EN-US>i</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵ�ָ����Ȼָ�����һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>'/'</span>�ַ�ǰĿ¼����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣�μ���<span lang=EN-US>289</span>���ϵġ�ע�⡱˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>节点指针仍然指向最后一个<span
+lang=EN-US>'/'</span>字符前目录名的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。参见第<span lang=EN-US>289</span>行上的“注意”说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>322</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(dir = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>get_dir</span></u>(pathname,base)))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// base</span>��ָ������ʼĿ¼<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+// base</span>是指定的起始目录<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>323</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -62561,18 +62561,18 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>332</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ȡָ��·������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ڲ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>取指定路径名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点内部函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>pathname
-- </span>·������<span lang=EN-US>base - </span>�������Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣻<span
-lang=EN-US>follow_links - </span>�Ƿ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>pathname
+- </span>路径名；<span lang=EN-US>base - </span>搜索起点目录<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点；<span
+lang=EN-US>follow_links - </span>是否跟随</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ӵı�־��<span
-lang=EN-US>1 - </span>��Ҫ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����Ҫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符号链接的标志，<span
+lang=EN-US>1 - </span>需要，<span lang=EN-US>0</span>不需要。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>333</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -62607,20 +62607,20 @@ style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u> * de;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>341</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ȳ���ָ��·���������Ŀ¼��Ŀ¼�����õ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣�������ڣ��򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先查找指定路径名中最顶层目录的目录名并得到其<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。若不存在，则返回<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>退出。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ص�������ֵĳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ʾ��·������һ��Ŀ¼��Ϊ���һ����˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果返回的最顶层名字的长度是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则表示该路径名以一个目录名为最后一项。因此说明我</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ѿ��ҵ���ӦĿ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬����ֱ�ӷ��ظ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��˳���������ص����ֳ��Ȳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>们已经找到对应目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，可以直接返回该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点退出。如果返回的名字长度不是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ָ������ʼĿ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>base</span>���ٴε���<span lang=EN-US>dir_namei()</span>��������������Ŀ¼���������ݷ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则我们以指定的起始目录<span
+lang=EN-US>base</span>，再次调用<span lang=EN-US>dir_namei()</span>函数来搜索顶层目录名，并根据返回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ϣ�������жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的信息作类似判断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>311</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(dir = <u><span
@@ -62638,7 +62638,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>314</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return dir;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>��Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>'/usr/'</span>�����<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>对应于<span lang=EN-US>'/usr/'</span>等情况<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>342</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(base = <u><span
@@ -62657,22 +62657,22 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return base;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���ڷ��صĶ���Ŀ¼��Ѱ��ָ���ļ���Ŀ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣ע�⣡��Ϊ������Ҳ��һ��Ŀ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后在返回的顶层目录中寻找指定文件名目录项的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。注意！因为如果最后也是一个目</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>¼���������û�м�<span
-lang=EN-US>'/'</span>���򲻻᷵�ظ����Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣡 ���磺<span
-lang=EN-US>/usr/src/linux</span>����ֻ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>录名，但其后没有加<span
+lang=EN-US>'/'</span>，则不会返回该最后目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点！ 例如：<span
+lang=EN-US>/usr/src/linux</span>，将只</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���� <span lang=EN-US>src/</span>Ŀ¼����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣��Ϊ����<span lang=EN-US>dir_namei() </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>'/'</span>���������һ�����ֵ���һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回 <span lang=EN-US>src/</span>目录名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。因为函数<span lang=EN-US>dir_namei() </span>将不以<span
+lang=EN-US>'/'</span>结束的最后一个名字当作一个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ��������������������Ҫ�������������ʹ��Ѱ��Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㺯��<span lang=EN-US>find_entry()</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件名来看待，因此这里需要单独对这种情况使用寻找目录项<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点函数<span lang=EN-US>find_entry()</span>进行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ʱ<span lang=EN-US>de</span>�к���Ѱ�ҵ���Ŀ¼��ָ�룬��<span
-lang=EN-US>dir</span>�ǰ�����Ŀ¼���Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处理。此时<span lang=EN-US>de</span>中含有寻找到的目录项指针，而<span
+lang=EN-US>dir</span>是包含该目录项的目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>346</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh = <u><span
@@ -62692,16 +62692,16 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>350</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ��Ŀ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ţ����ͷŰ�����Ŀ¼��ĸ��ٻ���鲢�Ż�Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣Ȼ��ȡ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着取该目录项的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号，并释放包含该目录项的高速缓冲块并放回目录<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。然后取</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӧ�ڵ�ŵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�޸��䱻����ʱ��Ϊ��ǰʱ�䣬�������޸ı�־����󷵻ظ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对应节点号的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，修改其被访问时间为当前时间，并置已修改标志。最后返回该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>�������ǰ������Ŀ¼����һ����������������ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>follow_link()</span>�õ���ָ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>。如果当前处理的目录项是一个符号链接名，则使用<span
+lang=EN-US>follow_link()</span>得到其指向的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录项名的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>351</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inr = de-&gt;inode;</span></p>
@@ -62755,14 +62755,14 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>365</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ȡָ��·������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬������������ӡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>取指定路径名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，不跟随符号链接。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>pathname
-- </span>·������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>pathname
+- </span>路径名。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>366</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -62811,22 +62811,22 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ú������������������ȡ��ָ��·�����Ƶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣<span lang=EN-US>open</span>��<span lang=EN-US>link</span>����ʹ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该函数被许多简单命令用于取得指定路径名称的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。<span lang=EN-US>open</span>、<span lang=EN-US>link</span>等则使用它们</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�Լ�����Ӧ���������������޸�ģʽ<span
-lang=EN-US>'chmod'</span>������������ú������㹻���ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>自己的相应函数。但对于象修改模式<span
+lang=EN-US>'chmod'</span>等这样的命令，该函数已足够用了。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ȡָ��·������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬����������ӡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>取指定路径名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，跟随符号链接。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>pathname
-- </span>·������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>pathname
+- </span>路径名。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>378</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -62867,37 +62867,37 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * open()</span>����ʹ�õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>namei</span>����<span lang=EN-US> - </span>����ʵ�����������Ĵ��ļ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * open()</span>函数使用的<span
+lang=EN-US>namei</span>函数<span lang=EN-US> - </span>这其实几乎是完整的打开文件程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>namei</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>文件打开<span
+lang=EN-US>namei</span>函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>���ļ�·������<span
-lang=EN-US>flag</span>�Ǵ��ļ���־����ȡֵ<span lang=EN-US>O_RDONLY</span>��ֻ������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>是文件路径名，<span
+lang=EN-US>flag</span>是打开文件标志，可取值<span lang=EN-US>O_RDONLY</span>（只读）、<span
 lang=EN-US>O_WRONLY</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֻд����<span lang=EN-US>O_RDWR</span>����д�����Լ�<span
-lang=EN-US>O_CREAT</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>O_EXCL</span>���������ļ����벻���ڣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（只写）或<span lang=EN-US>O_RDWR</span>（读写），以及<span
+lang=EN-US>O_CREAT</span>（创建）、<span lang=EN-US>O_EXCL</span>（被创建文件必须不存在）、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // O_APPEND</span>�����ļ�β�������ݣ�������һЩ��־����ϡ���������ô�����һ�����ļ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // O_APPEND</span>（在文件尾添加数据）等其他一些标志的组合。如果本调用创建了一个新文件，则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // mode</span>������ָ���ļ����������ԡ���Щ������<span
-lang=EN-US>S_IRWXU</span>���ļ��������ж���д��ִ��Ȩ�ޣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // mode</span>就用于指定文件的许可属性。这些属性有<span
+lang=EN-US>S_IRWXU</span>（文件宿主具有读、写和执行权限）、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // S_IRUSR</span>���û����ж��ļ�Ȩ�ޣ���<span
-lang=EN-US>S_IRWXG</span>�����Ա���ж���д��ִ��Ȩ�ޣ��ȵȡ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // S_IRUSR</span>（用户具有读文件权限）、<span
+lang=EN-US>S_IRWXG</span>（组成员具有读、写和执行权限）等等。对于新</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ļ�����Щ����ֻӦ���ڽ������ļ��ķ��ʣ�������ֻ���ļ��Ĵ򿪵���Ҳ������һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>创建的文件，这些属性只应用于将来对文件的访问，创建了只读文件的打开调用也将返回一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ɶ�д���ļ�������μ������ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>sys/stat.h</span>��<span lang=EN-US>fcntl.h</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个可读写的文件句柄。参见包含文件<span
+lang=EN-US>sys/stat.h</span>、<span lang=EN-US>fcntl.h</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��ɹ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����룻<span lang=EN-US>res_inode - </span>���ض�Ӧ�ļ�·������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：成功返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回出错码；<span lang=EN-US>res_inode - </span>返回对应文件路径名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>388</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>open_namei</span></u>(const char *
@@ -62933,19 +62933,19 @@ style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u> * de;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>396</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȶԺ����������к����Ĵ���������ļ�����ģʽ��־��ֻ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���������ļ������־</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先对函数参数进行合理的处理。如果文件访问模式标志是只读（<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>），但是文件截零标志</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // O_TRUNC</span>ȴ��λ�ˣ������ļ��򿪱�־������ֻд��־<span
-lang=EN-US>O_WRONLY</span>����������ԭ�������ڽ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // O_TRUNC</span>却置位了，则在文件打开标志中添加只写标志<span
+lang=EN-US>O_WRONLY</span>。这样做的原因是由于截零</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��־<span lang=EN-US>O_TRUNC</span>�������ļ���д����²���Ч��Ȼ��ʹ�õ�ǰ���̵��ļ��������������룬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标志<span lang=EN-US>O_TRUNC</span>必须在文件可写情况下才有效。然后使用当前进程的文件访问许可屏蔽码，屏</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ε�����ģʽ�е���Ӧλ����������ͨ�ļ���־<span
-lang=EN-US>I_REGULAR</span>���ñ�־�����ڴ򿪵��ļ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>蔽掉给定模式中的相应位，并添上普通文件标志<span
+lang=EN-US>I_REGULAR</span>。该标志将用于打开的文件不存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڶ���Ҫ�����ļ�ʱ����Ϊ���ļ���Ĭ�����ԡ��μ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>411</span>���ϵ�ע�͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在而需要创建文件时，作为新文件的默认属性。参见下面<span
+lang=EN-US>411</span>行上的注释。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>397</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((flag &amp; <u><span
@@ -62963,19 +62963,19 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mode &amp;= 0777
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>400</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mode |= <u><span
 style='color:blue'>I_REGULAR</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ļ���־�����μ�<span lang=EN-US>include/const.h</span>�ļ�����</p>
+// </span>常规文件标志。见参见<span lang=EN-US>include/const.h</span>文件）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����ָ����·����Ѱ�ҵ���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�Լ����Ŀ¼�����䳤�ȡ���ʱ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后根据指定的路径名寻找到对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，以及最顶端目录名及其长度。此时如果最顶端</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�� ����<span lang=EN-US>'</span><span lang=EN-US>/usr/' </span>����·���������������ô���������Ƕ�д���������ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录名长度为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>（ 例如<span lang=EN-US>'</span><span lang=EN-US>/usr/' </span>这种路径名的情况），那么若操作不是读写、创建和文件长</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ʾ���ڴ�һ��Ŀ¼���ļ�����������ֱ�ӷ��ظ�Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㲢����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>度截<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则表示是在打开一个目录名文件操作。于是直接返回该目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点并返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>退出。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����˵�����̲����Ƿ������ǷŻظ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则说明进程操作非法，于是放回该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>401</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(dir = <u><span
@@ -63020,20 +63020,20 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EISDIR</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>410</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ÿ�������õ������Ŀ¼����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>�������в���ȡ��·�����ַ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着根据上面得到的最顶层目录名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>，在其中查找取得路径名字符串中最后的文</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ӧ��Ŀ¼��ṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>de</span>����ͬʱ�õ���Ŀ¼�����ڵĸ��ٻ�����ָ�롣 ����ø��ٻ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>件名对应的目录项结构<span
+lang=EN-US>de</span>，并同时得到该目录项所在的高速缓冲区指针。 如果该高速缓冲</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�����ʾû���ҵ���Ӧ�ļ�����Ŀ¼����ֻ�����Ǵ����ļ�������
-��ʱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针为<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，则表示没有找到对应文件名的目录项，因此只可能是创建文件操作。
+此时如</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ǵ����ļ�����Żظ�Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���س������˳�������û��ڸ�Ŀ¼û��д��Ȩ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>果不是创建文件，则放回该目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回出错号退出。如果用户在该目录没有写的权</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Żظ�Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���س������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>力，则放回该目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回出错号退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>411</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh = <u><span
@@ -63075,17 +63075,17 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EACCES</span></u>;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ȷ�����Ǵ�������������д�������ɡ� ������Ǿ���Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ӧ�豸������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在我们确定了是创建操作并且有写操作许可。 因此我们就在目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点对应设备上申请</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ���µ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��·������ָ�����ļ�ʹ�á�
-��ʧ����Ż�Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬������û�п�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一个新的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点给路径名上指定的文件使用。
+若失败则放回目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并返回没有空</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������롣����ʹ�ø��� <span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬������г�ʼ���ã��ýڵ���û�<span lang=EN-US>id</span>����Ӧ�ڵ����ģ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>间出错码。否则使用该新 <span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，对其进行初始设置：置节点的用户<span lang=EN-US>id</span>；对应节点访问模</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʽ�������޸ı�־��Ȼ����ָ��Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>dir</span>������һ����Ŀ¼�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>式；置已修改标志。然后并在指定目录<span
+lang=EN-US>dir</span>中添加一个新目录项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>421</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -63123,21 +63123,21 @@ inode-&gt;i_dirt = 1;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bh = <u><span style='color:blue'>add_entry</span></u>(dir,basename,namelen,&amp;de);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ص�Ӧ�ú�����Ŀ¼��ĸ��ٻ�����ָ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�����ʾ����Ŀ¼�����ʧ�ܡ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果返回的应该含有新目录项的高速缓冲区指针为<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，则表示添加目录项操作失败。于是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���������Ӽ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���Żظ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㲢���س������˳���
-����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将该新<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的引用连接计数减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，放回该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点与目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点并返回出错码退出。
+否则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>˵������Ŀ¼������ɹ��� �������������ø���Ŀ¼���һЩ��ʼֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ϊ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>说明添加目录项操作成功。 于是我们来设置该新目录项的一些初始值：置<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号为新申请</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ĺ��룻���ø��ٻ��������޸ı�־��
-Ȼ���ͷŸø��ٻ��������Ż�Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>到的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的号码；并置高速缓冲区已修改标志。
+然后释放该高速缓冲区，放回目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�㡣������Ŀ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�룬���ɹ��˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>点。返回新目录项的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针，并成功退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>430</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -63190,16 +63190,16 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>442</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����棨<span lang=EN-US>411</span>�У���Ŀ¼��ȡ�ļ�����ӦĿ¼��ṹ�Ĳ����ɹ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>bh</span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>������˵</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若上面（<span lang=EN-US>411</span>行）在目录中取文件名对应目录项结构的操作成功（即<span
+lang=EN-US>bh</span>不为<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>），则说</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ���򿪵��ļ��Ѿ����ڡ�����ȡ����Ŀ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ź��������豸�ţ����ͷŸø���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>明指定打开的文件已经存在。于是取出该目录项的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号和其所在设备号，并释放该高速</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Լ��Ż�Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣�����ʱ��ռ������־<span lang=EN-US>O_EXCL</span>��λ���������ļ��Ѿ����ڣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>缓冲区以及放回目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。如果此时独占操作标志<span lang=EN-US>O_EXCL</span>置位，但现在文件已经存在，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�򷵻��ļ��Ѵ��ڳ������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则返回文件已存在出错码退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>443</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inr = de-&gt;inode;</span></p>
@@ -63227,11 +63227,11 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EEXIST</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>449</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����Ƕ�ȡ��Ŀ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ݡ�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���һ��Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㲢�ҷ���ģʽ��ֻ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后我们读取该目录项的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点内容。若该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点是一个目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点并且访问模式是只</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>д���д������û�з��ʵ�����Ȩ�ޣ���Żظ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���ط���Ȩ�޳������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>写或读写，或者没有访问的许可权限，则放回该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回访问权限出错码退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>450</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(inode = <u><span
@@ -63262,12 +63262,12 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>456</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ǹ��¸�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ķ���ʱ���ֶ�ֵΪ��ǰʱ�䡣��������˽�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��־���򽫸�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着我们更新该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的访问时间字段值为当前时间。如果设立了截<span lang=EN-US>0</span>标志，则将该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ļ����Ƚ�Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����󷵻ظ�Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ָ�룬������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���ɹ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>点的文件长度截为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。最后返回该目录项<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的指针，并返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（成功）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>457</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_atime =
@@ -63293,20 +63293,20 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>463</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����һ���豸�����ļ�����ͨ�ļ��ڵ㣨<span
-lang=EN-US>node</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>创建一个设备特殊文件或普通文件节点（<span
+lang=EN-US>node</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�����������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>filename</span>����<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>��<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>ָ�����ļ�ϵͳ�ڵ㣨��ͨ�ļ����豸������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数创建名称为<span
+lang=EN-US>filename</span>，由<span lang=EN-US>mode</span>和<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>指定的文件系统节点（普通文件、设备特殊文</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ܵ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>件或命名管道）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>filename
-- </span>·������<span lang=EN-US>mode - </span>ָ��ʹ�������Լ��������ڵ�����ͣ�<span lang=EN-US>dev
-- </span>�豸�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>filename
+- </span>路径名；<span lang=EN-US>mode - </span>指定使用许可以及所创建节点的类型；<span lang=EN-US>dev
+- </span>设备号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��ɹ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：成功则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>464</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_mknod</span></u>(const char *
@@ -63337,19 +63337,19 @@ style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u> * de;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>471</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ��������ɺͲ�������Ч�Բ�ȡ·�����ж���Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣������ǳ����û�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检查操作许可和参数的有效性并取路径名中顶层目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。如果不是超级用户，则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ط������ɳ����롣����Ҳ�����Ӧ·�����ж���Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�򷵻س����롣�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回访问许可出错码。如果找不到对应路径名中顶层目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，则返回出错码。如果最</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���˵��ļ�������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����˵��������·�������û��ָ���ļ������Żظ�Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>顶端的文件名长度为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则说明给出的路径名最后没有指定文件名，放回该目录<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�س������˳�������ڸ�Ŀ¼��û��д��Ȩ�ޣ���Żظ�Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���ط������ɳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回出错码退出。如果在该目录中没有写的权限，则放回该目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回访问许可出错</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���˳���������ǳ����û����򷵻ط������ɳ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>码退出。如果不是超级用户，则返回访问许可出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>472</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!<u><span
@@ -63398,11 +63398,11 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>483</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����������һ��·����ָ�����ļ��Ƿ��Ѿ����ڡ����Ѿ��������ܴ���ͬ���ļ��ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后我们搜索一下路径名指定的文件是否已经存在。若已经存在则不能创建同名文件节点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ӧ·�����������ļ�����Ŀ¼���Ѿ����ڣ����ͷŰ�����Ŀ¼��Ļ������鲢�Ż�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果对应路径名上最后的文件名的目录项已经存在，则释放包含该目录项的缓冲区块并放回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�����ļ��Ѿ����ڵĳ������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回文件已经存在的出错码退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>484</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh = <u><span
@@ -63426,17 +63426,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>489</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ǿ�����һ���µ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�����ø�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������ģʽ�����Ҫ�������ǿ��豸�ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则我们就申请一个新的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并设置该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的属性模式。如果要创建的是块设备文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ַ��豸�ļ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ֱ���߼���ָ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����豸�š��������豸�ļ���˵��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>或者是字符设备文件，则令<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的直接逻辑块指针<span lang=EN-US>0</span>等于设备号。即对于设备文件来说，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i_zone[0]</span>�д�ŵ��Ǹ��豸�ļ��������豸���豸�š�Ȼ�����ø�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的<span
+lang=EN-US>i_zone[0]</span>中存放的是该设备文件所定义设备的设备号。然后设置该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的修</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ�䡢����ʱ��Ϊ��ǰʱ�䣬������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸ı�־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>改时间、访问时间为当前时间，并设置<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>490</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode = <u><span
@@ -63444,7 +63444,7 @@ style='color:blue'>new_inode</span></u>(dir-&gt;i_dev);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>491</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!inode) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ɹ���Ż�Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�����޿ռ�������˳���</p>
+// </span>若不成功则放回目录<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回无空间出错码退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>492</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -63477,13 +63477,13 @@ inode-&gt;i_atime = <u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT_TIME</span></u>;</span><
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_dirt =
 1;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ϊ����µ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���Ŀ¼��������һ��Ŀ¼����ʧ�ܣ�������Ŀ¼��ĸ��ٻ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着为这个新的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点在目录中新添加一个目录项。如果失败（包含该目录项的高速缓冲</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>������Ż�Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣻���������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��������Ӽ�����λ�����Żظ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块指针为<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>），则放回目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点；把所申请的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点引用连接计数复位，并放回该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ㣬���س������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点，返回出错码退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>500</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh = <u><span
@@ -63511,14 +63511,14 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOSPC</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>506</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ŀ¼�����Ҳ�ɹ��ˣ������������������Ŀ¼�����ݡ����Ŀ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在添加目录项操作也成功了，于是我们来设置这个目录项内容。令该目录项的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点字</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ε�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ţ����ø��ٻ��������޸ı�־���Ż�Ŀ¼���µ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�ͷŸ��ٻ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>段等于新<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号，并置高速缓冲区已修改标志，放回目录和新的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，释放高速缓冲</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������󷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0(</span>�ɹ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>区，最后返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0(</span>成功<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>507</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; de-&gt;inode =
@@ -63548,13 +63548,13 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>514</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ////&nbsp; </span>����һ��Ŀ¼��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ////&nbsp; </span>创建一个目录。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>pathname
-- </span>·������<span lang=EN-US>mode - </span>Ŀ¼ʹ�õ�Ȩ�����ԡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>pathname
+- </span>路径名；<span lang=EN-US>mode - </span>目录使用的权限属性。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��ɹ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：成功则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>515</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_mkdir</span></u>(const char *
@@ -63585,16 +63585,16 @@ style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u> * de;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>522</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ���������Ч�Բ�ȡ·�����ж���Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣����Ҳ�����Ӧ·�����ж���Ŀ¼</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检查参数的有效性并取路径名中顶层目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。如果找不到对应路径名中顶层目录</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�򷵻س����롣�����˵��ļ�������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����˵��������·�������û��ָ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，则返回出错码。如果最顶端的文件名长度为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则说明给出的路径名最后没有指</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ������Żظ�Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���س������˳�������ڸ�Ŀ¼��û��д��Ȩ�ޣ���Żظ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定文件名，放回该目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回出错码退出。如果在该目录中没有写的权限，则放回该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���ط������ɳ������˳���������ǳ����û����򷵻ط������ɳ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回访问许可出错码退出。如果不是超级用户，则返回访问许可出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>523</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(dir = <u><span
@@ -63635,18 +63635,18 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>532</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����������һ��·����ָ����Ŀ¼���Ƿ��Ѿ����ڡ����Ѿ��������ܴ���ͬ��Ŀ¼�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后我们搜索一下路径名指定的目录名是否已经存在。若已经存在则不能创建同名目录节点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ӧ·����������Ŀ¼����Ŀ¼���Ѿ����ڣ����ͷŰ�����Ŀ¼��Ļ������鲢�Ż�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果对应路径名上最后的目录名的目录项已经存在，则释放包含该目录项的缓冲区块并放回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�����ļ��Ѿ����ڵĳ������˳����������Ǿ�����һ���µ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回文件已经存在的出错码退出。否则我们就申请一个新的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并设置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������ģʽ���ø���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ӧ���ļ�����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽ� ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ŀ¼��Ĵ�С������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的属性模式：置该新<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点对应的文件长度为<span lang=EN-US>32</span>字节 （<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个目录项的大小）、置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵ����޸ı�־���Լ��ڵ���޸�ʱ��ͷ���ʱ�䡣<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ŀ¼��ֱ�����<span lang=EN-US>'.'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'..'</span>Ŀ¼��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>节点已修改标志，以及节点的修改时间和访问时间。<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个目录项分别用于<span lang=EN-US>'.'</span>和<span lang=EN-US>'..'</span>目录。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>533</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh = <u><span
@@ -63676,7 +63676,7 @@ style='color:blue'>new_inode</span></u>(dir-&gt;i_dev);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>540</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!inode) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ɹ���Ż�Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�����޿ռ�����롣</p>
+// </span>若不成功则放回目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回无空间出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>541</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -63701,14 +63701,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_dirt =
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_mtime =
 inode-&gt;i_atime = <u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT_TIME</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ϊ����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����һ���ڱ���Ŀ¼�����ݵĴ��̿飬����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ĵ�һ��ֱ�ӿ�ָ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着为该新<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点申请一用于保存目录项数据的磁盘块，并令<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的第一个直接块指针等</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڸÿ�š��������ʧ����Żض�ӦĿ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣻��λ�������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����Ӽ������Żظ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于该块号。如果申请失败则放回对应目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点；复位新申请的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点连接计数；放回该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�µ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬����û�пռ�������˳��������ø��µ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸ı�־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>新的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回没有空间出错码退出。否则置该新的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>547</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
@@ -63738,12 +63738,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_dirt =
 1;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸�϶�ȡ������Ĵ��̿飨Ŀ���ǰѶ�Ӧ��ŵ����ٻ������У�������������Żض�Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从设备上读取新申请的磁盘块（目的是把对应块放到高速缓冲区中）。若出错，则放回对应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣻�ͷ�����Ĵ��̿飻��λ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����Ӽ������Żظ��µ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点；释放申请的磁盘块；复位新申请的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点连接计数；放回该新的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��û�пռ�������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回没有空间出错码退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>554</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(dir_block=<u><span
@@ -63768,20 +63768,20 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ERROR</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>559</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�������ڻ�����н�����������Ŀ¼�ļ��е�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ĭ�ϵ���Ŀ¼�<span lang=EN-US>'.'</span>��<span lang=EN-US>'..'</span>���ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后我们在缓冲块中建立起所创建目录文件中的<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个默认的新目录项（<span lang=EN-US>'.'</span>和<span lang=EN-US>'..'</span>）结构数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ݡ�������<span lang=EN-US>de</span>ָ����Ŀ¼������ݿ飬Ȼ���ø�Ŀ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ֶε����������<span lang=EN-US>i</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>据。首先令<span lang=EN-US>de</span>指向存放目录项的数据块，然后置该目录项的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号字段等于新申请的<span lang=EN-US>i</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵ�ţ������ֶε���<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;.&quot;</span>�� Ȼ��<span lang=EN-US>de</span>ָ����һ��Ŀ¼��ṹ�����ڸýṹ�д���ϼ�Ŀ¼</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>节点号，名字字段等于<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;.&quot;</span>。 然后<span lang=EN-US>de</span>指向下一个目录项结构，并在该结构中存放上级目录</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�� <span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ź�����<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;..&quot;</span>��Ȼ�����øø��ٻ�������޸ı�־�����ͷŸû���顣�ٳ�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的 <span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号和名字<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;..&quot;</span>。然后设置该高速缓冲块已修改标志，并释放该缓冲块。再初始化</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ģʽ�ֶΣ����ø�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸ı�־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置新<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的模式字段，并置该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>560</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;de = (struct <u><span
@@ -63790,7 +63790,7 @@ style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u> *) dir_block-&gt;b_data;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>561</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 de-&gt;inode=inode-&gt;i_num;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>����<span lang=EN-US>'.'</span>Ŀ¼�</p>
+</span>设置<span lang=EN-US>'.'</span>目录项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>562</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -63802,7 +63802,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; de++;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>564</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; de-&gt;inode =
 dir-&gt;i_num;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>'..'</span>Ŀ¼�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>设置<span lang=EN-US>'..'</span>目录项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>565</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -63829,14 +63829,14 @@ style='color:blue'>I_DIRECTORY</span></u> | (mode &amp; 0777 &amp;
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_dirt =
 1;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ָ��Ŀ¼��������һ��Ŀ¼����ڴ���½�Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ŀ¼�������ʧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在我们在指定目录中新添加一个目录项，用于存放新建目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和目录名。如果失</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ܣ�������Ŀ¼��ĸ��ٻ�����ָ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>������Ż�Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣻�������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>败（包含该目录项的高速缓冲区指针为<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>），则放回目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点；所申请的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点引</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ӽ�����λ�����Żظ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣���س������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用连接计数复位，并放回该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。返回出错码退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>571</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh = <u><span
@@ -63864,11 +63864,11 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOSPC</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>577</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ŀ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ֶε�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ţ����ø��ٻ�������޸ı�־���Ż�Ŀ¼</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后令该新目录项的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点字段等于新<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号，并置高速缓冲块已修改标志，放回目录</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���µ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�ͷŸ��ٻ���������󷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ɹ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和新的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，释放高速缓冲区，最后返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>（成功）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>578</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; de-&gt;inode =
@@ -63916,18 +63916,18 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ڼ��ָ����Ŀ¼�Ƿ�Ϊ�յ��ӳ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>rmdir</span>ϵͳ���ã���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>用于检查指定的目录是否为空的子程序（用于<span
+lang=EN-US>rmdir</span>系统调用）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ָ��Ŀ¼�Ƿ�ա�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>检查指定目录是否空。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>inode
-- </span>ָ��Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>inode
+- </span>指定目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ�<span lang=EN-US>1 �C
-</span>Ŀ¼���ǿյģ�<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>���ա�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：<span lang=EN-US>1 –
+</span>目录中是空的；<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>不空。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>591</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>empty_dir</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -63953,23 +63953,23 @@ style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u> * de;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>597</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ���ָ��Ŀ¼������Ŀ¼���������鿪ʼ�����ض�Ŀ¼������Ϣ�Ƿ���ȷ��һ��Ŀ¼</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先计算指定目录中现有目录项个数并检查开始两个特定目录项中信息是否正确。一个目录</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӧ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ŀ¼���<span lang=EN-US>&quot;.&quot;</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;..&quot;</span>�� ���Ŀ¼���������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�����߸�Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ĵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中应该起码有<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个目录项：即<span lang=EN-US>&quot;.&quot;</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;..&quot;</span>。 如果目录项个数少于<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个或者该目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的第</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1</span>��ֱ�ӿ�û��ָ���κδ��̿�ţ����߸�ֱ�ӿ������������ʾ������Ϣ���豸<span
-lang=EN-US>dev </span>��Ŀ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1</span>个直接块没有指向任何磁盘块号，或者该直接块读不出，则显示警告信息“设备<span
+lang=EN-US>dev </span>上目</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>¼����������<span
-lang=EN-US>0(</span>ʧ��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>录错”，返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0(</span>失败<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>598</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; len =
 inode-&gt;i_size / sizeof (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ŀ¼��Ŀ¼�������</p>
+// </span>目录中目录项个数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>599</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (len&lt;2 ||
@@ -63992,26 +63992,26 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>603</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ<span lang=EN-US>bh</span>��ָ������к���Ŀ¼�����ݡ�������Ŀ¼��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>de</span>ָ�򻺳���е�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ŀ¼�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时<span lang=EN-US>bh</span>所指缓冲块中含有目录项数据。我们让目录项指针<span
+lang=EN-US>de</span>指向缓冲块中第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个目录项。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ŀ¼�<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;.&quot;</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>inode</span>Ӧ�õ��ڵ�ǰĿ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�š�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个目录项（<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;.&quot;</span>），它的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号字段<span
+lang=EN-US>inode</span>应该等于当前目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号。对于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ŀ¼�<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;..&quot;</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US> inode </span>Ӧ�õ�����һ��Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ţ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个目录项（<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;..&quot;</span>），它的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号字段<span
+lang=EN-US> inode </span>应该等于上一层目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号，不会</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ŀ¼���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ֶ�ֵ�����ڸ�Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ţ����ߵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ŀ¼</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。因此如果第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个目录项的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号字段值不等于该目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号，或者第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个目录</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ֶ�Ϊ�㣬��������Ŀ¼��������ֶβ��ֱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;.&quot;</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&quot;..&quot;</span>������ʾ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>项的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号字段为零，或者两个目录项的名字字段不分别等于<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;.&quot;</span>和<span lang=EN-US>&quot;..&quot;</span>，则显示出错警</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ϣ���豸<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>��Ŀ¼������������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>告信息“设备<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>上目录错”，并返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>604</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; de = (struct <u><span
@@ -64039,12 +64039,12 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>609</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��������<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>����Ŀ¼����ţ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʼ�ƣ���<span lang=EN-US>de</span>ָ�������Ŀ¼���ѭ������Ŀ¼</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后我们令<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>等于目录项序号（从<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>开始计）；<span lang=EN-US>de</span>指向第三个目录项。并循环检测该目录</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������еģ�<span
-lang=EN-US>len - 2</span>����Ŀ¼�����û��Ŀ¼���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ֶβ�Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʹ�ã���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中其余所有的（<span
+lang=EN-US>len - 2</span>）个目录项，看有没有目录项的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号字段不为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>（被使用）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>610</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nr = 2;</span></p>
@@ -64055,21 +64055,21 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; de += 2;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>612</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (nr&lt;len) {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ÿ���̿��е�Ŀ¼���Ѿ�ȫ�������ϣ����ͷŸô��̿�Ļ���飬����ȡĿ¼����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该块磁盘块中的目录项已经全部检测完毕，则释放该磁盘块的缓冲块，并读取目录数据</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�����һ�麬��Ŀ¼��Ĵ��̿顣��ȡ�ķ����Ǹ��ݵ�ǰ����Ŀ¼�����<span
-lang=EN-US> nr </span>�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件中下一块含有目录项的磁盘块。读取的方法是根据当前检测的目录项序号<span
+lang=EN-US> nr </span>计算出对</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ӦĿ¼����Ŀ¼�����ļ��е����ݿ�ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>nr/DIR_ENTRIES_PER_BLOCK</span>����Ȼ��ʹ��<span lang=EN-US> bmap()</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>应目录项在目录数据文件中的数据块号（<span
+lang=EN-US>nr/DIR_ENTRIES_PER_BLOCK</span>），然后使用<span lang=EN-US> bmap()</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ�ö�Ӧ���̿��<span
-lang=EN-US> block</span>����ʹ�ö��豸�̿麯��<span lang=EN-US>bread() </span>����Ӧ�̿���뻺����У�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数取得对应的盘块号<span
+lang=EN-US> block</span>，再使用读设备盘块函数<span lang=EN-US>bread() </span>把相应盘块读入缓冲块中，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ظû�����ָ�롣������ȡ����Ӧ�̿�û��ʹ�ã����Ѿ����ã����ļ��Ѿ�ɾ���ȣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并返回该缓冲块的指针。若所读取的相应盘块没有使用（或已经不用，如文件已经删除等），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������һ�飬�������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>de</span>ָ���������׸�Ŀ¼�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则继续读下一块，若读不出，则出错返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。否则让<span lang=EN-US>de</span>指向读出块的首个目录项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>613</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -64117,14 +64117,14 @@ de = (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u> *) bh-&gt;b_data;<
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>de</span>ָ��ĵ�ǰĿ¼������Ŀ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ֶβ�����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ʾ��Ŀ¼��Ŀǰ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于<span lang=EN-US>de</span>指向的当前目录项，如果该目录项的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号字段不等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则表示该目录项目前正</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʹ�ã����ͷŸø��ٻ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�˳�����������û�в�ѯ���Ŀ¼�е�����Ŀ¼�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>被使用，则释放该高速缓冲区，返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>退出。否则，若还没有查询完该目录中的所有目录项，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ŀ¼�����<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>de</span>ָ����һ��Ŀ¼�������⡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则把目录项序号<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>增<span lang=EN-US>1</span>、<span lang=EN-US>de</span>指向下一个目录项，继续检测。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>624</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -64153,8 +64153,8 @@ nr++;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>630</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�е�����˵����Ŀ¼��û���ҵ����õ�Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��Ȼ����ͷ��������<span lang=EN-US>)</span>�����ͷŻ���鷵��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行到这里说明该目录中没有找到已用的目录项<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>当然除了头两个以外<span lang=EN-US>)</span>，则释放缓冲块返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>631</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -64169,12 +64169,12 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L634><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>634</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ɾ��Ŀ¼��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>删除目录。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ <span lang=EN-US>name
-- </span>Ŀ¼����·��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数： <span lang=EN-US>name
+- </span>目录名（路径名）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ�����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʾ�ɹ������򷵻س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>表示成功，否则返回出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L635><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>635</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_rmdir</span></u>(const char *
@@ -64205,16 +64205,16 @@ style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u> * de;</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L642><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>642</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ���������Ч�Բ�ȡ·�����ж���Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣����Ҳ�����Ӧ·�����ж���Ŀ¼</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检查参数的有效性并取路径名中顶层目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。如果找不到对应路径名中顶层目录</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�򷵻س����롣�����˵��ļ�������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����˵��������·�������û��ָ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，则返回出错码。如果最顶端的文件名长度为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则说明给出的路径名最后没有指</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ������Żظ�Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���س������˳�������ڸ�Ŀ¼��û��д��Ȩ�ޣ���Żظ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定文件名，放回该目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回出错码退出。如果在该目录中没有写的权限，则放回该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���ط������ɳ������˳���������ǳ����û����򷵻ط������ɳ����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回访问许可出错码退出。如果不是超级用户，则返回访问许可出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L643><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>643</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if (!(dir = <u><span
@@ -64255,24 +64255,24 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L652><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>652</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����ָ��Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ŀ¼�����ú���<span lang=EN-US>find_entry()</span>Ѱ�Ҷ�ӦĿ¼������ذ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后根据指定目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和目录名利用函数<span lang=EN-US>find_entry()</span>寻找对应目录项，并返回包含该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼��Ļ����ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>bh</span>��������Ŀ¼���Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ��<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>�͸�Ŀ¼��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>de</span>���ٸ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录项的缓冲块指针<span
+lang=EN-US>bh</span>、包含该目录项的目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>和该目录项指针<span
+lang=EN-US>de</span>。再根据</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>de
-</span>�е�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������<span lang=EN-US> iget()</span>�����õ���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US> inode</span>�������Ӧ·��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该目录项<span lang=EN-US>de
+</span>中的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号利用<span lang=EN-US> iget()</span>函数得到对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US> inode</span>。如果对应路径名上最</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ŀ¼����Ŀ¼����ڣ����ͷŰ�����Ŀ¼��ĸ��ٻ��������Ż�Ŀ¼��
-<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>后目录名的目录项不存在，则释放包含该目录项的高速缓冲区，放回目录的
+<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回文</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ѿ����ڳ����룬���˳������ȡĿ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��������Ż�Ŀ¼�� <span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���ͷź�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>件已经存在出错码，并退出。如果取目录项的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点出错，则放回目录的 <span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并释放含</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ŀ¼��ĸ��ٻ����������س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有目录项的高速缓冲区，返回出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L653><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>653</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh = <u><span
@@ -64311,25 +64311,25 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L662><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>662</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ�������а���Ҫ��ɾ��Ŀ¼���Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>��Ҫ��ɾ��Ŀ¼���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>inode</span>��Ҫ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时我们已有包含要被删除目录项的目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>、要被删除目录项的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span
+lang=EN-US>inode</span>和要</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ɾ��Ŀ¼��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>de</span>����������ͨ������<span lang=EN-US>3</span>����������Ϣ�ļ������֤ɾ�������Ŀ����ԡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>被删除目录项指针<span
+lang=EN-US>de</span>。下面我们通过对这<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个对象中信息的检查来验证删除操作的可行性。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ŀ¼����������ɾ����־���ҽ��̵���Ч�û�<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span lang=EN-US>euid</span>������<span lang=EN-US>root</span>�����ҽ��̵���Ч</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若该目录设置了受限删除标志并且进程的有效用户<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>（<span lang=EN-US>euid</span>）不是<span lang=EN-US>root</span>，并且进程的有效</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�û�<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>euid</span>�������ڸ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���û�<span lang=EN-US>id</span>�����ʾ��ǰ����û��Ȩ��ɾ����Ŀ¼�����Ƿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用户<span lang=EN-US>id</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>euid</span>）不等于该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的用户<span lang=EN-US>id</span>，则表示当前进程没有权限删除该目录，于是放</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ذ���Ҫɾ��Ŀ¼����Ŀ¼ <span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�͸�Ҫɾ��Ŀ¼�� <span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬Ȼ���ͷŸ��ٻ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回包含要删除目录名的目录 <span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和该要删除目录的 <span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，然后释放高速缓冲区，返回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L663><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>663</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((dir-&gt;i_mode
@@ -64359,14 +64359,14 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L669><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>669</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ҫ��ɾ����Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���豸�Ų����ڰ�����Ŀ¼���Ŀ¼���豸�ţ����߸ñ�ɾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果要被删除的目录项<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的设备号不等于包含该目录项的目录的设备号，或者该被删除</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼���������Ӽ�������<span
-lang=EN-US> 1</span>����ʾ�з������ӵȣ�������ɾ����Ŀ¼�������ͷŰ���Ҫɾ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录的引用连接计数大于<span
+lang=EN-US> 1</span>（表示有符号连接等），则不能删除该目录。于是释放包含要删</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ŀ¼����Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�͸�Ҫɾ��Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�ͷŸ��ٻ���飬���س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>除目录名的目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和该要删除目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，释放高速缓冲块，返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L670><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>670</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (inode-&gt;i_dev
@@ -64391,13 +64391,13 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L675><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>675</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ҫ��ɾ��Ŀ¼��Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�͵��ڰ�������ɾ��Ŀ¼��Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���ʾ��ͼɾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果要被删除目录的目录项<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点就等于包含该需删除目录的目录<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，则表示试图删除</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &quot;.&quot;</span>Ŀ¼�����ǲ������ġ����ǷŻذ���Ҫɾ��Ŀ¼����Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ҫɾ��Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &quot;.&quot;</span>目录，这是不允许的。于是放回包含要删除目录名的目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和要删除目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͷŸ��ٻ���飬���س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>释放高速缓冲块，返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L676><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>676</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (inode == dir)
@@ -64423,11 +64423,11 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L681><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>681</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ҫ��ɾ��Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����Ա����ⲻ��һ��Ŀ¼����ɾ��������ǰ����ȫ�����ڡ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若要被删除目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的属性表明这不是一个目录，则本删除操作的前提完全不存在。于是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Żذ���ɾ��Ŀ¼����Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�͸�Ҫɾ��Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�ͷŸ��ٻ���飬���س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>放回包含删除目录名的目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和该要删除目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，释放高速缓冲块，返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L682><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>682</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!<u><span
@@ -64452,10 +64452,10 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOTDIR</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L687><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>687</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����豻ɾ����Ŀ¼���գ���Ҳ����ɾ�������ǷŻذ���Ҫɾ��Ŀ¼����Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�͸�Ҫ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若该需被删除的目录不空，则也不能删除。于是放回包含要删除目录名的目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和该要</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɾ��Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�ͷŸ��ٻ���飬���س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>删除目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，释放高速缓冲块，返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L688><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>688</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!<u><span
@@ -64480,19 +64480,19 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOTEMPTY</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L693><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>693</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һ����Ŀ¼����Ŀ¼��������Ӧ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�����ӵ��ϲ�Ŀ¼�ͱ�Ŀ¼���������豻ɾ��Ŀ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于一个空目录，其目录项链接数应该为<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>（链接到上层目录和本目录）。若该需被删除目</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>������ʾ������Ϣ����ɾ��������Ȼ����ִ�С������ø��豻</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的连接数不等于<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>，则显示警告信息。但删除操作仍然继续执行。于是置该需被</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɾ��Ŀ¼��Ŀ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ֶ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ��Ŀ¼���ʹ�ã����ú��и�Ŀ¼��ĸ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>删除目录的目录项的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号字段为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示该目录项不再使用，并置含有该目录项的高速</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������޸ı�־�����ͷŸû���顣Ȼ�����ñ�ɾ��Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ���У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>缓冲块已修改标志，并释放该缓冲块。然后再置被删除目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的链接数为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（表示空闲），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸ı�־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并置<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L694><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>694</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
@@ -64520,13 +64520,13 @@ inode-&gt;i_nlinks=0;</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L700><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>700</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_dirt=1;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ٽ�������ɾ��Ŀ¼����Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����Ӽ�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���޸���ı�ʱ����޸�ʱ��Ϊ��ǰʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再将包含被删除目录名的目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点链接计数减<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，修改其改变时间和修改时间为当前时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�䣬���øýڵ����޸ı�־�����Żذ���Ҫɾ��Ŀ¼����Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�͸�Ҫɾ��Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>间，并置该节点已修改标志。最后放回包含要删除目录名的目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和该要删除目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵ㣬����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ɾ�������ɹ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>节点，返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（删除操作成功）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L701><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>701</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dir-&gt;i_nlinks--;</span></p>
@@ -64555,17 +64555,17 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><a name=L708><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>708</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ɾ�����ͷţ��ļ�����Ӧ��Ŀ¼�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>删除（释放）文件名对应的目录项。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ�ϵͳɾ��һ�����֡�������ļ������һ�����ӣ�����û�н������򿪸��ļ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从文件系统删除一个名字。如果是文件的最后一个链接，并且没有进程正打开该文件，则该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�Ҳ����ɾ�������ͷ���ռ�õ��豸�ռ䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件也将被删除，并释放所占用的设备空间。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>name
-- </span>�ļ�����·��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>name
+- </span>文件名（路径名）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��ɹ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：成功则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><a name=L709><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>709</span></u></a><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_unlink</span></u>(const char *
@@ -64596,19 +64596,19 @@ style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u> * de;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>716</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ���������Ч�Բ�ȡ·�����ж���Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣����Ҳ�����Ӧ·�����ж���Ŀ¼</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检查参数的有效性并取路径名中顶层目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。如果找不到对应路径名中顶层目录</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�� <span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�򷵻س����롣�����˵��ļ�������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����˵��������·�������û��ָ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的 <span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，则返回出错码。如果最顶端的文件名长度为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则说明给出的路径名最后没有指</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ������Żظ�Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���س������˳�������ڸ�Ŀ¼��û��д��Ȩ�ޣ���Żظ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定文件名，放回该目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回出错码退出。如果在该目录中没有写的权限，则放回该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���ط������ɳ������˳�������Ҳ�����Ӧ·��������Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回访问许可出错码退出。如果找不到对应路径名顶层目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，则返</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>717</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if (!(dir = <u><span
@@ -64649,24 +64649,24 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>726</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����ָ��Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ŀ¼�����ú���<span lang=EN-US>find_entry()</span>Ѱ�Ҷ�ӦĿ¼������ذ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后根据指定目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和目录名利用函数<span lang=EN-US>find_entry()</span>寻找对应目录项，并返回包含该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼��Ļ����ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>bh</span>��������Ŀ¼���Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ��<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>�͸�Ŀ¼��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>de</span>���ٸ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录项的缓冲块指针<span
+lang=EN-US>bh</span>、包含该目录项的目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>和该目录项指针<span
+lang=EN-US>de</span>。再根据</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>de
-</span>�е�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������<span lang=EN-US> iget()</span>�����õ���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US> inode</span>�������Ӧ·��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该目录项<span lang=EN-US>de
+</span>中的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号利用<span lang=EN-US> iget()</span>函数得到对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US> inode</span>。如果对应路径名上最</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ŀ¼����Ŀ¼����ڣ����ͷŰ�����Ŀ¼��ĸ��ٻ��������Ż�Ŀ¼��
-<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>后目录名的目录项不存在，则释放包含该目录项的高速缓冲区，放回目录的
+<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回文</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ѿ����ڳ����룬���˳������ȡĿ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��������Ż�Ŀ¼�� <span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���ͷź�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>件已经存在出错码，并退出。如果取目录项的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点出错，则放回目录的 <span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并释放含</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ŀ¼��ĸ��ٻ����������س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有目录项的高速缓冲区，返回出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>727</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh = <u><span
@@ -64705,27 +64705,27 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOENT</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>736</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ�������а���Ҫ��ɾ��Ŀ¼���Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>��Ҫ��ɾ��Ŀ¼���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>inode</span>��Ҫ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时我们已有包含要被删除目录项的目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>、要被删除目录项的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span
+lang=EN-US>inode</span>和要</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ɾ��Ŀ¼��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>de</span>����������ͨ������<span lang=EN-US>3</span>����������Ϣ�ļ������֤ɾ�������Ŀ����ԡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>被删除目录项指针<span
+lang=EN-US>de</span>。下面我们通过对这<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个对象中信息的检查来验证删除操作的可行性。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ŀ¼����������ɾ����־���ҽ��̵���Ч�û�<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span lang=EN-US>euid</span>������<span lang=EN-US>root</span>�����ҽ��̵�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若该目录设置了受限删除标志并且进程的有效用户<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>（<span lang=EN-US>euid</span>）不是<span lang=EN-US>root</span>，并且进程的<span
 lang=EN-US>euid</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڸ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���û�<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>�����ҽ��̵�<span lang=EN-US>euid</span>Ҳ������Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���û�<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>�����ʾ��ǰ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>不等于该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的用户<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>，并且进程的<span lang=EN-US>euid</span>也不等于目录<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的用户<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>，则表示当前进</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��û��Ȩ��ɾ����Ŀ¼�����ǷŻذ���Ҫɾ��Ŀ¼����Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�͸�Ҫɾ��Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程没有权限删除该目录，于是放回包含要删除目录名的目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和该要删除目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���ͷŸ��ٻ���飬���س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后释放高速缓冲块，返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>737</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((dir-&gt;i_mode
@@ -64760,10 +64760,10 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>744</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ָ���ļ�����һ��Ŀ¼����Ҳ����ɾ�����Żظ�Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�͸��ļ���Ŀ¼���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该指定文件名是一个目录，则也不能删除。放回该目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和该文件名目录项的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�㣬�ͷŰ�����Ŀ¼��Ļ���飬���س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>点，释放包含该目录项的缓冲块，返回出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>745</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -64788,8 +64788,8 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>750</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����Ӽ���ֵ�Ѿ�Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������ʾ������Ϣ����������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的链接计数值已经为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则显示警告信息，并修正其为<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>751</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
@@ -64811,10 +64811,10 @@ inode-&gt;i_nlinks=1;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>755</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ǿ���ɾ���ļ�����Ӧ��Ŀ¼���ˡ����ǽ����ļ���Ŀ¼���е�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ֶ���Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在我们可以删除文件名对应的目录项了。于是将该文件名目录项中的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号字段置为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ�ͷŸ�Ŀ¼������ð�����Ŀ¼��Ļ�������޸ı�־���ͷŸø��ٻ���顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>表示释放该目录项，并设置包含该目录项的缓冲块已修改标志，释放该高速缓冲块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>756</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; de-&gt;inode = 0;</span></p>
@@ -64826,19 +64826,19 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh-&gt;b_dirt = 1;</
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>brelse</span></u>(bh);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����ļ�����Ӧ<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������޸ı�־�����¸ı�ʱ��Ϊ��ǰʱ�䡣����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后把文件名对应<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的链接数减<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，置已修改标志，更新改变时间为当前时间。最后放</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ظ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���ɹ�����������ļ������һ�����ӣ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（成功）。如果是文件的最后一个链接，即<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点链接</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����Ҵ�ʱû�н������򿪸��ļ�����ô�ڵ���<span lang=EN-US>iput()</span>�Ż�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ʱ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数减<span lang=EN-US>1</span>后等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，并且此时没有进程正打开该文件，那么在调用<span lang=EN-US>iput()</span>放回<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点时，该文</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ҳ����ɾ�������ͷ���ռ�õ��豸�ռ䡣�μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/inode.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>183</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>件也将被删除，并释放所占用的设备空间。参见<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/inode.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>183</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>759</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -64869,16 +64869,16 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>766</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����������ӡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>建立符号链接。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊһ���Ѵ����ļ�����һ���������ӣ�Ҳ��Ϊ������<span
-lang=EN-US> - hard link</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为一个已存在文件创建一个符号链接（也称为软连接<span
+lang=EN-US> - hard link</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>oldname
-- </span>ԭ·������<span lang=EN-US>newname - </span>�µ�·������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>oldname
+- </span>原路径名；<span lang=EN-US>newname - </span>新的路径名。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ����ɹ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：若成功则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>767</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_symlink</span></u>(const char *
@@ -64912,16 +64912,16 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; char c;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>775</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ȳ�����·���������Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>�������������ļ������䳤�ȡ����Ŀ¼��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先查找新路径名的最顶层目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>，并返回最后的文件名及其长度。如果目录的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ�û���ҵ����򷵻س����š������·�����в������ļ�������Ż���·����Ŀ¼��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点没有找到，则返回出错号。如果新路径名中不包括文件名，则放回新路径名目录的<span
 lang=EN-US>i</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵ㣬���س����š����⣬����û�û������Ŀ¼��д��Ȩ�ޣ���Ҳ���ܽ������ӣ����Ƿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>节点，返回出错号。另外，如果用户没有在新目录中写的权限，则也不能建立连接，于是放</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����·����Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回新路径名目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>776</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dir = <u><span
@@ -64965,11 +64965,11 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EACCES</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>786</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������Ŀ¼ָ���豸������һ���µ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�����ø�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ģʽΪ�������������Լ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在我们在目录指定设备上申请一个新的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并设置该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点模式为符号链接类型以及</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̹涨��ģʽ�����롣�������ø�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸ı�־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程规定的模式屏蔽码。并且设置该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>787</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(inode = <u><span
@@ -64995,17 +64995,17 @@ style='color:blue'>umask</span></u>);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;inode-&gt;i_dirt =
 1;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ�˱����������·�����ַ�����Ϣ��������ҪΪ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����һ�����̿飬����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为了保存符号链接路径名字符串信息，我们需要为该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点申请一个磁盘块，并让<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ֱ�ӿ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i_zone[0]</span>���ڵõ����߼���š�Ȼ����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸ı�־���������ʧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个直接块号<span
+lang=EN-US>i_zone[0]</span>等于得到的逻辑块号。然后置<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改标志。如果申请失败</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Żض�ӦĿ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣻��λ�������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����Ӽ������Żظ��µ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬����û�п�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则放回对应目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点；复位新申请的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点链接计数；放回该新的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回没有空</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>间出错码退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>793</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
@@ -65035,12 +65035,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_dirt =
 1;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����豸�϶�ȡ������Ĵ��̿飨Ŀ���ǰѶ�Ӧ��ŵ����ٻ������У�������������Ż�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后从设备上读取新申请的磁盘块（目的是把对应块放到高速缓冲区中）。若出错，则放回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ӦĿ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣻��λ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����Ӽ������Żظ��µ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬����û�пռ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对应目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点；复位新申请的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点链接计数；放回该新的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回没有空间出错</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>码退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>800</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(name_block=<u><span
@@ -65065,20 +65065,20 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ERROR</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>805</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�������ǿ��԰ѷ����������ַ�����������̿����ˡ��̿鳤��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽڣ����Ĭ�Ϸ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>现在我们可以把符号链接名字符串放入这个盘块中了。盘块长度为<span
+lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节，因此默认符号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������Ҳֻ����<span
-lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽڡ����ǰ��û��ռ��еķ����������ַ������Ƶ��̿�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>链接名长度最大也只能是<span
+lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节。我们把用户空间中的符号链接名字符串复制到盘块所在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ļ�����У����û�������޸ı�־��Ϊ��ֹ�û��ṩ���ַ���û����<span
-lang=EN-US>null</span>��β�������ڻ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的缓冲块中，并置缓冲块已修改标志。为防止用户提供的字符串没有以<span
+lang=EN-US>null</span>结尾，我们在缓</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������һ���ֽڴ�����һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��Ȼ���ͷŸû���飬������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ӧ�ļ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>冲块数据区最后一个字节处放上一个<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。然后释放该缓冲块，并设置<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点对应文件中数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ݳ��ȵ��ڷ����������ַ������ȣ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸ı�־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>据长度等于符号链接名字符串长度，并置<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>806</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i = 0;</span></p>
@@ -65111,12 +65111,12 @@ i;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_dirt =
 1;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����������һ��·����ָ���ķ��������ļ����Ƿ��Ѿ����ڡ����Ѿ��������ܴ���ͬ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后我们搜索一下路径名指定的符号链接文件名是否已经存在。若已经存在则不能创建同名</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣�����Ӧ���������ļ����Ѿ����ڣ����ͷŰ�����Ŀ¼��Ļ������飬��λ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录项<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。如果对应符号链接文件名已经存在，则释放包含该目录项的缓冲区块，复位</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����Ӽ��������Ż�Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�����ļ��Ѿ����ڵĳ������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>新申请的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点连接计数，并放回目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回文件已经存在的出错码退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>814</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh = <u><span
@@ -65148,14 +65148,14 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EEXIST</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>821</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ָ��Ŀ¼��������һ��Ŀ¼����ڴ���½����������ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ź�Ŀ¼</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在我们在指定目录中新添加一个目录项，用于存放新建符号链接文件名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号和目录</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ʧ�ܣ�������Ŀ¼��ĸ��ٻ�����ָ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>������Ż�Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣻�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>名。如果失败（包含该目录项的高速缓冲区指针为<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>），则放回目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点；所申请的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ��������Ӽ�����λ�����Żظ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣���س������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点引用连接计数复位，并放回该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。返回出错码退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>822</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh = <u><span
@@ -65183,11 +65183,11 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOSPC</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>828</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ŀ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ֶε�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ţ����ø��ٻ�������޸ı�־���ͷŸ��ٻ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后令该新目录项的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点字段等于新<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号，并置高速缓冲块已修改标志，释放高速缓</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��飬�Ż�Ŀ¼���µ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��󷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���ɹ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>冲块，放回目录和新的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，最后返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（成功）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>829</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; de-&gt;inode =
@@ -65217,16 +65217,16 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>836</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>Ϊ�ļ�����һ���ļ���Ŀ¼�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>为文件建立一个文件名目录项。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊһ���Ѵ��ڵ��ļ�����һ�������ӣ�Ҳ��ΪӲ����<span
-lang=EN-US> - hard link</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为一个已存在的文件创建一个新链接（也称为硬连接<span
+lang=EN-US> - hard link</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>oldname
-- </span>ԭ·������<span lang=EN-US>newname - </span>�µ�·������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>oldname
+- </span>原路径名；<span lang=EN-US>newname - </span>新的路径名。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ����ɹ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：若成功则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>837</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_link</span></u>(const char *
@@ -65257,13 +65257,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int namelen;</span><
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>844</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȶ�ԭ�ļ���������Ч����֤����Ӧ�ô��ڲ��Ҳ���һ��Ŀ¼��������������ȡԭ�ļ�·</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先对原文件名进行有效性验证，它应该存在并且不是一个目录名。所以我们先取原文件路</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>oldinode</span>�����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ʾ���������س����š����ԭ·������Ӧ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>径名对应的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span
+lang=EN-US>oldinode</span>。如果为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则表示出错，返回出错号。如果原路径名对应的是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ��Ŀ¼������Żظ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬Ҳ���س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一个目录名，则放回该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，也返回出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>845</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; oldinode=<u><span
@@ -65291,14 +65291,14 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>851</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�������·���������Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>�������������ļ������䳤�ȡ����Ŀ¼��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后查找新路径名的最顶层目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>，并返回最后的文件名及其长度。如果目录的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ�û���ҵ�����Ż�ԭ·������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���س����š������·�����в������ļ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点没有找到，则放回原路径名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回出错号。如果新路径名中不包括文件名，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ż�ԭ·����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����·����Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则放回原路径名<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和新路径名目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>852</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dir = <u><span
@@ -65337,15 +65337,15 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>861</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǲ��ܿ��豸����Ӳ���ӡ���������·��������Ŀ¼���豸����ԭ·�������豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>我们不能跨设备建立硬链接。因此如果新路径名顶层目录的设备号与原路径名的设备号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ������Ż���·����Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ԭ·������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���س����š����⣬����û�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>不一样，则放回新路径名目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和原路径名的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回出错号。另外，如果用户</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>û������Ŀ¼��д��Ȩ�ޣ���Ҳ���ܽ������ӣ����ǷŻ���·����Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ԭ·����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>没有在新目录中写的权限，则也不能建立连接，于是放回新路径名目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和原路径名</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>862</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (dir-&gt;i_dev
@@ -65386,10 +65386,10 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EACCES</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>871</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڲ�ѯ����·�����Ƿ��Ѿ����ڣ����������Ҳ���ܽ������ӡ������ͷŰ������Ѵ���Ŀ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在查询该新路径名是否已经存在，如果存在则也不能建立链接。于是释放包含该已存在目</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>¼��ĸ��ٻ���飬�Ż���·����Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ԭ·������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>录项的高速缓冲块，放回新路径名目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和原路径名的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>872</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh = <u><span
@@ -65417,15 +65417,15 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EEXIST</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>878</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������������ˣ�������������Ŀ¼������һ��Ŀ¼���ʧ����Żظ�Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在所有条件都满足了，于是我们在新目录中添加一个目录项。若失败则放回该目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ԭ·������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���س����š������ʼ���ø�Ŀ¼���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ŵ���ԭ·������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>点和原路径名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回出错号。否则初始设置该目录项的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号等于原路径名的<span
 lang=EN-US>i</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵ�ţ����ð���������Ŀ¼��Ļ�������޸ı�־���ͷŸû���飬�Ż�Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>节点号，并置包含该新添目录项的缓冲块已修改标志，释放该缓冲块，放回目录的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>879</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bh = <u><span
@@ -65464,11 +65464,11 @@ style='color:blue'>brelse</span></u>(bh);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>iput</span></u>(dir);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ٽ�ԭ�ڵ�����Ӽ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���޸���ı�ʱ��Ϊ��ǰʱ�䣬������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸ı�־�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再将原节点的链接计数加<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，修改其改变时间为当前时间，并设置<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改标志。最后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ż�ԭ·������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���ɹ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>放回原路径名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（成功）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>889</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; oldinode-&gt;i_nlinks++;</span></p>
@@ -65510,7 +65510,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448016"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447420"></a><a name="_Toc53320639"><span lang=EN-US>12.7 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12-7 linux/fs/file_table.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>12-7 linux/fs/file_table.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -65533,15 +65533,15 @@ linux/fs/file_table.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/fs.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�ϵͳͷ�ļ��������ļ����ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>file,buffer_head,m_inode</span>�ȣ���</p>
+#include &lt;linux/fs.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件系统头文件。定义文件表结构（<span
+lang=EN-US>file,buffer_head,m_inode</span>等）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>file</span></u> <u><span style='color:blue'>file_table</span></u>[<u><span
-style='color:blue'>NR_FILE</span></u>];&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�������<span lang=EN-US>(64</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+style='color:blue'>NR_FILE</span></u>];&nbsp; // </span>文件表数组<span lang=EN-US>(64</span>项<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -65563,7 +65563,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448017"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447421"></a><a name="_Toc53320637"><span lang=EN-US>12.8 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12-8 linux/fs/block_dev.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>12-8 linux/fs/block_dev.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -65586,58 +65586,58 @@ linux/fs/block_dev.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ݣ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的数据，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����һЩ�й��������������úͻ�ȡ��Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ������䡣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>还有一些有关描述符参数设置和获取的嵌入式汇编函数宏语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ������������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵȵ�Ƕ��ʽ���ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义了设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等的嵌入式汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�豸���ݿ�����ָ�����顣ÿ��ָ����ָ��ָ�����豸�ŵ��ܿ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>hd_sizes[]</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设备数据块总数指针数组。每个指针项指向指定主设备号的总块数数组<span
+lang=EN-US>hd_sizes[]</span>。该总</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ÿһ���Ӧ���豸��ȷ����һ�����豸����ӵ�е����ݿ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���С<span lang=EN-US> = 1KB</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块数数组每一项对应子设备号确定的一个子设备上所拥有的数据块总数（<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>块大小<span lang=EN-US> = 1KB</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
 extern int *<u><span style='color:blue'>blk_size</span></u>[];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// blk_drv/ll_rw_blk.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>49</span>�С�</p>
+// blk_drv/ll_rw_blk.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>49</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ݿ�д����<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>��ָ���豸�Ӹ���ƫ�ƴ�д��ָ���������ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>数据块写函数<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>向指定设备从给定偏移处写入指定长度数据。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>dev
-- </span>�豸�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>pos - </span>�豸�ļ���ƫ����ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>buf - </span>�û��ռ��л�������ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>dev
+- </span>设备号；<span lang=EN-US>pos - </span>设备文件中偏移量指针；<span lang=EN-US>buf - </span>用户空间中缓冲区地址；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // count - </span>Ҫ���͵��ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // count - </span>要传送的字节数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������д���ֽ�������û��д���κ��ֽڻ�������򷵻س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回已写入字节数。若没有写入任何字节或出错，则返回出错号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ں���˵��д����������ٻ�������д�����ݡ�ʲôʱ����������д���豸���ɸ��ٻ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于内核来说，写操作是向高速缓冲区中写入数据。什么时候数据最终写入设备是由高速缓</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������������ġ����⣬��Ϊ���豸���Կ�Ϊ��λ���ж�д����˶���д��ʼλ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>冲管理程序决定并处理的。另外，因为块设备是以块为单位进行读写，因此对于写开始位置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڿ���ʼ��ʱ����Ҫ�Ƚ���ʼ�ֽ����ڵ������������Ȼ����Ҫд�����ݴ�д��ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>不处于块起始处时，需要先将开始字节所在的整个块读出，然后将需要写的数据从写开始处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��д���ÿ飬�ٽ�������һ������д�̣������ɸ��ٻ������ȥ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>填写满该块，再将完整的一块数据写盘（即交由高速缓冲程序去处理）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>block_write</span></u>(int dev, long * <u><span
@@ -65646,21 +65646,21 @@ int <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ļ���λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pos</span>����ɿ�ʼ��д�̿�Ŀ����<span lang=EN-US>block</span>���������д��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽ��ڸÿ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先由文件中位置<span
+lang=EN-US>pos</span>换算成开始读写盘块的块序号<span lang=EN-US>block</span>，并求出需写第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>字节在该块中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ƫ��λ��<span lang=EN-US>offset</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的偏移位置<span lang=EN-US>offset</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int block = *<u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u> &gt;&gt; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>BLOCK_SIZE_BITS</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// pos</span>�����ļ����ݿ�š�</p>
+// pos</span>所在文件数据块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int offset = *<u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u> &amp; (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>BLOCK_SIZE</span></u>-1);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// pos</span>�����ݿ���ƫ��ֵ��</p>
+// pos</span>在数据块中偏移值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int chars;</span></p>
@@ -65676,17 +65676,17 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * bh;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 register char * p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�ֲ��Ĵ���������������ڼĴ����С�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>局部寄存器变量，被存放在寄存器中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��дһ�����豸�ļ�ʱ��Ҫ��д�������ݿ�����Ȼ���ܳ���ָ���豸��������������ݿ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在写一个块设备文件时，要求写的总数据块数当然不能超过指定设备上容许的最大数据块总</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������ȡ��ָ���豸�Ŀ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>size</span>���ȽϺ����ƺ�������������д�����ݳ��ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数。因此这里首先取出指定设备的块总数<span
+lang=EN-US>size</span>来比较和限制函数参数给定的写入数据长度。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ϵͳ��û�ж��豸ָ�����ȣ���ʹ��Ĭ�ϳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x7fffffff</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2GB</span>���飩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果系统中没有对设备指定长度，就使用默认长度<span
+lang=EN-US>0x7fffffff</span>（<span lang=EN-US>2GB</span>个块）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>blk_size</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR</span></u>(dev)])</span></p>
@@ -65701,22 +65701,22 @@ else</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 size = 0x7fffffff;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����Ҫд����ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>��ѭ��ִ�����²�����ֱ������ȫ��д�롣��ѭ��ִ�й���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后针对要写入的字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>，循环执行以下操作，直到数据全部写入。在循环执行过程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�У�����ǰд�����ݵĿ���Ѿ����ڻ����ָ���豸���ܿ������򷵻���д�ֽ������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中，若当前写入数据的块号已经大于或等于指定设备的总块数，则返回已写字节数并退出。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���ټ����ڵ�ǰ���������ݿ��п�д����ֽ����������Ҫд����ֽ������һ�飬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后再计算在当前处理的数据块中可写入的字节数。如果需要写入的字节数填不满一块，那</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ô��ֻ��д<span lang=EN-US>count</span>�ֽڡ��������Ҫд<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���������ݣ���ֱ������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����ٻ���飬������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>么就只需写<span lang=EN-US>count</span>字节。如果正好要写<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>块数据内容，则直接申请<span lang=EN-US>1</span>块高速缓冲块，并把用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ݷ��뼴�ɡ��������Ҫ���뽫��д�벿�����ݵ����ݿ飬��Ԥ�����������ݡ�Ȼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>户数据放入即可。否则就需要读入将被写入部分数据的数据块，并预读下两块数据。然后将</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ŵ���<span lang=EN-US>
-1</span>��Ϊ�´β�������׼���������������ʧ�ܣ��򷵻���д�ֽ��������û��д</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块号递增<span lang=EN-US>
+1</span>，为下次操作做好准备。如果缓冲块操作失败，则返回已写字节数，如果没有写</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���κ��ֽڣ��򷵻س����ţ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>入任何字节，则返回出错号（负数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while (<u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>&gt;0) {</span></p>
@@ -65729,7 +65729,7 @@ return written?written:-<u><span style='color:blue'>EIO</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 chars = <u><span style='color:blue'>BLOCK_SIZE</span></u> - offset;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����д����ֽ�����</p>
+// </span>本块可写入的字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (chars &gt; <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>)</span></p>
@@ -65742,7 +65742,7 @@ if (chars == <u><span style='color:blue'>BLOCK_SIZE</span></u>)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bh = <u><span style='color:blue'>getblk</span></u>(dev,block);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// buffer.c </span>��<span lang=EN-US>206</span>��<span lang=EN-US>322</span>�С�</p>
+// buffer.c </span>第<span lang=EN-US>206</span>、<span lang=EN-US>322</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 else</span></p>
@@ -65759,23 +65759,23 @@ if (!bh)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return written?written:-<u><span style='color:blue'>EIO</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ȱ�ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>ָ��������ݵĻ�����п�ʼд�����ݵ�λ�ô��������һ��ѭ��д�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着先把指针<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>指向读出数据的缓冲块中开始写入数据的位置处。若最后一次循环写入的数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ݲ���һ�飬����ӿ鿪ʼ����д���޸ģ�������ֽڣ����������Ԥ������<span
-lang=EN-US>offset</span>Ϊ�㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>据不足一块，则需从块开始处填写（修改）所需的字节，因此这里需预先设置<span
+lang=EN-US>offset</span>为零。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�˺��ļ���ƫ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pos</span>ǰ�ƴ˴ν�Ҫд���ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>�����ۼ���ЩҪд���ֽ�����ͳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此后将文件中偏移指针<span
+lang=EN-US>pos</span>前移此次将要写的字节数<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>，并累加这些要写的字节数到统</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>written</span>�С��ٰѻ���Ҫд�ļ���ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>count </span>��ȥ�˴�Ҫд���ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>��Ȼ�����Ǵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>计值<span lang=EN-US>written</span>中。再把还需要写的计数值<span
+lang=EN-US>count </span>减去此次要写的字节数<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>。然后我们从</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�û�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>chars</span>���ֽڵ�<span lang=EN-US>p</span>ָ��ĸ��ٻ�����п�ʼд���λ�ô���������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用户缓冲区复制<span
+lang=EN-US>chars</span>个字节到<span lang=EN-US>p</span>指向的高速缓冲块中开始写入的位置处。复制完后就设置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�û����������޸ı�־�����ͷŸû�������Ҳ���û��������ü����ݼ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该缓冲区块已修改标志，并释放该缓冲区（也即该缓冲区引用计数递减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 p = offset + bh-&gt;b_data;</span></p>
@@ -65788,7 +65788,7 @@ offset = 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;written += chars;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ۼ�д���ֽ�����</p>
+// </span>累计写入字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u> -= chars;</span></p>
@@ -65811,21 +65811,21 @@ bh-&gt;b_dirt = 1;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return written;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������д����ֽ����������˳���</p>
+// </span>返回已写入的字节数，正常退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ݿ������<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>��ָ���豸��λ�ô�����ָ���������ݵ��û��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>数据块读函数<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>从指定设备和位置处读入指定长度数据到用户缓冲区中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>dev
-- </span>�豸�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>pos - </span>�豸�ļ���ƫ����ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>buf - </span>�û��ռ��л�������ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>dev
+- </span>设备号；<span lang=EN-US>pos - </span>设备文件中偏移量指针；<span lang=EN-US>buf - </span>用户空间中缓冲区地址；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // count - </span>Ҫ���͵��ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // count - </span>要传送的字节数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ѷ����ֽ�������û�ж����κ��ֽڻ�������򷵻س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回已读入字节数。若没有读入任何字节或出错，则返回出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>block_read</span></u>(int dev, unsigned long * <u><span
@@ -65856,17 +65856,17 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * bh;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 register char * p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�ֲ��Ĵ���������������ڼĴ����С�</p>
+</span>局部寄存器变量，被存放在寄存器中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڶ�һ�����豸�ļ�ʱ��Ҫ����������ݿ�����Ȼ���ܳ���ָ���豸��������������ݿ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在读一个块设备文件时，要求读的总数据块数当然不能超过指定设备上容许的最大数据块总</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������ȡ��ָ���豸�Ŀ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>size</span>���ȽϺ����ƺ������������Ķ������ݳ��ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数。因此这里首先取出指定设备的块总数<span
+lang=EN-US>size</span>来比较和限制函数参数给定的读入数据长度。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ϵͳ��û�ж��豸ָ�����ȣ���ʹ��Ĭ�ϳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x7fffffff</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2GB</span>���飩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果系统中没有对设备指定长度，就使用默认长度<span
+lang=EN-US>0x7fffffff</span>（<span lang=EN-US>2GB</span>个块）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;if (<u><span style='color:blue'>blk_size</span></u>[<u><span
@@ -65882,21 +65882,21 @@ else</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 size = 0x7fffffff;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����Ҫ������ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>��ѭ��ִ�����²�����ֱ������ȫ�����롣��ѭ��ִ�й���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后针对要读入的字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>，循环执行以下操作，直到数据全部读入。在循环执行过程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�У�����ǰ�������ݵĿ���Ѿ����ڻ����ָ���豸���ܿ������򷵻��Ѷ��ֽ������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中，若当前读入数据的块号已经大于或等于指定设备的总块数，则返回已读字节数并退出。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���ټ����ڵ�ǰ���������ݿ����������ֽ����������Ҫ������ֽ���������һ�飬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后再计算在当前处理的数据块中需读入的字节数。如果需要读入的字节数还不满一块，那</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ô��ֻ���<span lang=EN-US>count</span>�ֽڡ�Ȼ����ö��麯��<span
-lang=EN-US>breada()</span>������Ҫ�����ݿ飬��Ԥ�����������ݣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>么就只需读<span lang=EN-US>count</span>字节。然后调用读块函数<span
+lang=EN-US>breada()</span>读入需要的数据块，并预读下两块数据，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������������򷵻��Ѷ��ֽ��������û�ж����κ��ֽڣ��򷵻س����š�Ȼ�󽫿��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果读操作出错，则返回已读字节数，如果没有读入任何字节，则返回出错号。然后将块号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ϊ�´β�������׼���������������ʧ�ܣ��򷵻���д�ֽ��������û�ж�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>递增<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。为下次操作做好准备。如果缓冲块操作失败，则返回已写字节数，如果没有读入任</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ֽڣ��򷵻س����ţ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>何字节，则返回出错号（负数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while (<u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>&gt;0) {</span></p>
@@ -65927,22 +65927,22 @@ style='color:blue'>EIO</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 block++;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ȱ�ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>ָ������̿�Ļ�����п�ʼ�������ݵ�λ�ô��������һ��ѭ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着先把指针<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>指向读出盘块的缓冲块中开始读入数据的位置处。若最后一次循环读操作的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݲ���һ�飬����ӿ���ʼ����ȡ�����ֽڣ����������Ԥ������<span
-lang=EN-US>offset</span>Ϊ�㡣 �˺�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数据不足一块，则需从块起始处读取所需字节，因此这里需预先设置<span
+lang=EN-US>offset</span>为零。 此后将</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ���ƫ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pos</span>ǰ�ƴ˴ν�Ҫ�����ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>�������ۼ���ЩҪ�����ֽ�����ͳ��ֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件中偏移指针<span
+lang=EN-US>pos</span>前移此次将要读的字节数<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>，并且累加这些要读的字节数到统计值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // read</span>�С��ٰѻ���Ҫ���ļ���ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>��ȥ�˴�Ҫ�����ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>��Ȼ�����ǴӸ��ٻ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // read</span>中。再把还需要读的计数值<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>减去此次要读的字节数<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>。然后我们从高速缓冲</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>p</span>ָ��Ŀ�ʼ����λ�ô�����<span
-lang=EN-US>chars</span>���ֽڵ��û��������У�ͬʱ���û�������ָ��ǰ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块中<span lang=EN-US>p</span>指向的开始读的位置处复制<span
+lang=EN-US>chars</span>个字节到用户缓冲区中，同时把用户缓冲区指针前</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ơ����θ��������ͷŸû���顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>移。本次复制完后就释放该缓冲块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 p = offset + bh-&gt;b_data;</span></p>
@@ -65955,7 +65955,7 @@ offset = 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>read</span></u> += chars;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ۼƶ����ֽ�����</p>
+// </span>累计读入字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u> -= chars;</span></p>
@@ -65975,7 +65975,7 @@ style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>++);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return <u><span style='color:blue'>read</span></u>; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�����Ѷ�ȡ���ֽ����������˳���</p>
+</span>返回已读取的字节数，正常退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u> }</span></p>
 
@@ -65997,7 +65997,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448018"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447422"></a><a name="_Toc53320638"><span lang=EN-US>12.9 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12-9 linux/fs/file_dev.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>12-9 linux/fs/file_dev.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -66020,45 +66020,45 @@ linux/fs/file_dev.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�����ͷ�ļ��������ļ������������Ĳ������Ƴ������ŵĶ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件控制头文件。用于文件及其描述符的操作控制常数符号的定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MIN</span></u>(a,b) (((a)&lt;(b))?(a):(b))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>a,b</span>�е���Сֵ��</p>
+// </span>取<span lang=EN-US>a,b</span>中的最小值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MAX</span></u>(a,b) (((a)&gt;(b))?(a):(b))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>a,b</span>�е����ֵ��</p>
+// </span>取<span lang=EN-US>a,b</span>中的最大值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ļ�������<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ļ��ṹ����ȡ�ļ������ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>文件读函数<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>根据<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和文件结构，读取文件中数据。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ǿ���֪���豸�ţ���<span
-lang=EN-US>filp</span>�ṹ����֪���ļ��е�ǰ��дָ��λ�á�<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>ָ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>由<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点我们可以知道设备号，由<span
+lang=EN-US>filp</span>结构可以知道文件中当前读写指针位置。<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>指定用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ռ��л�������λ�ã�<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>����Ҫ��ȡ���ֽ����� ����ֵ��ʵ�ʶ�ȡ���ֽ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>户空间中缓冲区的位置，<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>是需要读取的字节数。 返回值是实际读取的字节数，或出错</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ţ�С��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号（小于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>file_read</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -66076,24 +66076,24 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * bh;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ�������Ч�ԡ�����Ҫ��ȡ���ֽڼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>С�ڵ����㣬�򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��������Ҫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数的有效性。若需要读取的字节计数<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>小于等于零，则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。若还需要读</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ���ֽ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ѭ��ִ�����������ֱ������ȫ���������������⡣�ڶ�ѭ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取的字节数不等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，就循环执行下面操作，直到数据全部读出或遇到问题。在读循环操作</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>�����У����Ǹ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ļ����ṹ��Ϣ��������<span lang=EN-US> bmap() </span>�õ������ļ���ǰ��дλ�õ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>过程中，我们根据<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和文件表结构信息，并利用<span lang=EN-US> bmap() </span>得到包含文件当前读写位置的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݿ����豸�϶�Ӧ���߼����<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>����<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�����豸�϶�ȡ���߼��顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数据块在设备上对应的逻辑块号<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>。若<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>不为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则从<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指定的设备上读取该逻辑块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ʧ�����˳�ѭ������<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾָ�������ݿ鲻���ڣ��û����ָ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果读操作失败则退出循环。若<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示指定的数据块不存在，置缓冲块指针为<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // (filp-&gt;f_pos)/BLOCK_SIZE </span>���ڼ�����ļ���ǰָ���������ݿ�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // (filp-&gt;f_pos)/BLOCK_SIZE </span>用于计算出文件当前指针所在数据块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if ((left=<u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>)&lt;=0)</span></p>
@@ -66106,8 +66106,8 @@ while (left) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (nr = <u><span style='color:blue'>bmap</span></u>(inode,(filp-&gt;f_pos)/<u><span
-style='color:blue'>BLOCK_SIZE</span></u>)) { // inode.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>140</span>�С�</p>
+style='color:blue'>BLOCK_SIZE</span></u>)) { // inode.c</span>第<span
+lang=EN-US>140</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(bh=<u><span style='color:blue'>bread</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_dev,nr)))</span></p>
@@ -66121,20 +66121,20 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bh = <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ǽ����ļ���дָ�������ݿ��е�ƫ��ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>�����ڸ����ݿ�������ϣ����ȡ���ֽ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着我们计算文件读写指针在数据块中的偏移值<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>，则在该数据块中我们希望读取的字节数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ <span lang=EN-US>(BLOCK_SIZE
-- nr)</span>��Ȼ������ڻ����ȡ���ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>left</span>���Ƚϣ�����Сֵ��Ϊ���β���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为 <span lang=EN-US>(BLOCK_SIZE
+- nr)</span>。然后和现在还需读取的字节数<span lang=EN-US>left</span>作比较，其中小值即为本次操作</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȡ���ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>chars</span>����� <span lang=EN-US>(BLOCK_SIZE - nr) &gt; left</span>����˵���ÿ�����Ҫ��ȡ�����һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>需读取的字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>chars</span>。如果 <span lang=EN-US>(BLOCK_SIZE - nr) &gt; left</span>，则说明该块是需要读取的最后一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ݣ���֮����Ҫ��ȡ��һ�����ݡ�֮�������д�ļ�ָ�롣
-ָ��ǰ�ƴ˴ν���ȡ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块数据，反之则还需要读取下一块数据。之后调整读写文件指针。
+指针前移此次将读取的字</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>��ʣ���ֽڼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>left</span>��Ӧ��ȥ<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>节数<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>。剩余字节计数<span
+lang=EN-US>left</span>相应减去<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 nr = filp-&gt;f_pos % <u><span style='color:blue'>BLOCK_SIZE</span></u>;</span></p>
@@ -66149,12 +66149,12 @@ filp-&gt;f_pos += chars;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 left -= chars;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������豸�϶��������ݣ���<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>ָ�򻺳���п�ʼ��ȡ���ݵ�λ�ã����Ҹ���<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>�ֽ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若上面从设备上读到了数据，则将<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>指向缓冲块中开始读取数据的位置，并且复制<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>字节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���û�������<span
-lang=EN-US>buf</span>�С��������û�������������<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ�ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>到用户缓冲区<span
+lang=EN-US>buf</span>中。否则往用户缓冲区中填入<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>个<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>值字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (bh) {</span></p>
@@ -66188,15 +66188,15 @@ blue'>buf</span></u>++);</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�޸ĸ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ķ���ʱ��Ϊ��ǰʱ�䡣���ض�ȡ���ֽ���������ȡ�ֽ���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���򷵻س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>修改该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的访问时间为当前时间。返回读取的字节数，若读取字节数为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则返回出错号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CURRENT_TIME</span>�Ƕ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>include/linux/sched.h</span>��<span lang=EN-US>142</span>���ϵĺ꣬���ڼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>UNIX</span>ʱ�䡣����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CURRENT_TIME</span>是定义在<span
+lang=EN-US>include/linux/sched.h</span>第<span lang=EN-US>142</span>行上的宏，用于计算<span
+lang=EN-US>UNIX</span>时间。即从</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1970</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>ʱ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�뿪ʼ������ǰ��ʱ�䡣��λ���롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1970</span>年<span lang=EN-US>1</span>月<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>日<span lang=EN-US>0</span>时<span lang=EN-US>0</span>秒开始，到当前的时间。单位是秒。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode-&gt;i_atime = <u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT_TIME</span></u>;</span></p>
@@ -66209,16 +66209,16 @@ style='color:blue'>count</span></u>-left):-<u><span style='color:blue'>ERROR</sp
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ļ�д����<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ļ��ṹ��Ϣ�����û�����д���ļ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>文件写函数<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>根据<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和文件结构信息，将用户数据写入文件中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ǿ���֪���豸�ţ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>file</span>�ṹ����֪���ļ��е�ǰ��дָ��λ�á�<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>由<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点我们可以知道设备号，而由<span
+lang=EN-US>file</span>结构可以知道文件中当前读写指针位置。<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>指定</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�û�̬�л�������λ�ã�<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>Ϊ��Ҫд����ֽ����� ����ֵ��ʵ��д����ֽ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用户态中缓冲区的位置，<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>为需要写入的字节数。 返回值是实际写入的字节数，或出错</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ţ�С��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号（小于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>file_write</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -66257,16 +66257,16 @@ but so what. That way leads to madness anyway.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * ok</span>�����������ͬʱдʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>append</span>�������ܲ��У�����������������������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * ok</span>，当许多进程同时写时，<span
+lang=EN-US>append</span>操作可能不行，但那又怎样。不管怎样那样做会</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���»���һ�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>导致混乱一团。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȷ������д���ļ���λ�á������Ҫ���ļ����������ݣ����ļ���дָ���Ƶ��ļ�β</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先确定数据写入文件的位置。如果是要向文件后添加数据，则将文件读写指针移到文件尾</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ͽ����ļ���ǰ��дָ�봦д�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>部。否则就将在文件当前读写指针处写入。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (filp-&gt;f_flags &amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>O_APPEND</span></u>)</span></p>
@@ -66280,16 +66280,16 @@ else</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u> = filp-&gt;f_pos;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ������д���ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>���տ�ʼʱΪ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��С��ָ��д���ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>count</span>ʱ��ѭ��ִ�����²�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后在已写入字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>（刚开始时为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）小于指定写入字节数<span lang=EN-US>count</span>时，循环执行以下操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ѭ�����������У�������ȡ�ļ����ݿ��<span
-lang=EN-US> ( pos/BLOCK_SIZE ) </span>���豸�϶�Ӧ���߼����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在循环操作过程中，我们先取文件数据块号<span
+lang=EN-US> ( pos/BLOCK_SIZE ) </span>在设备上对应的逻辑块号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // block</span>�������Ӧ���߼��鲻���ھʹ���һ�顣����õ����߼����<span
-lang=EN-US> = 0</span>�����ʾ����ʧ�ܣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // block</span>。如果对应的逻辑块不存在就创建一块。如果得到的逻辑块号<span
+lang=EN-US> = 0</span>，则表示创建失败，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����˳�ѭ�����������Ǹ��ݸ��߼���Ŷ�ȡ�豸�ϵ���Ӧ�߼��飬������Ҳ�˳�ѭ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于是退出循环。否则我们根据该逻辑块号读取设备上的相应逻辑块，若出错也退出循环。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while (i&lt;<u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>) {</span></p>
@@ -66308,17 +66308,17 @@ if (!(bh=<u><span style='color:blue'>bread</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_dev,block)))</
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ�����ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>bh</span>��ָ��ն�����ļ����ݿ顣����������ļ���ǰ��дָ���ڸ����ݿ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时缓冲块指针<span
+lang=EN-US>bh</span>正指向刚读入的文件数据块。现在再求出文件当前读写指针在该数据块中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ƫ��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>c</span>������ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>ָ�򻺳���п�ʼд�����ݵ�λ�ã����øû�������޸ı�־������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的偏移值<span lang=EN-US>c</span>，并将指针<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>指向缓冲块中开始写入数据的位置，并置该缓冲块已修改标志。对于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���е�ǰָ�룬�ӿ�ʼ��дλ�õ���ĩ����д��<span
-lang=EN-US>c =(BLOCK_SIZE - c)</span>���ֽڡ���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>����ʣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块中当前指针，从开始读写位置到块末共可写入<span
+lang=EN-US>c =(BLOCK_SIZE - c)</span>个字节。若<span lang=EN-US>c</span>大于剩余</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����д����ֽ��� <span
-lang=EN-US>(count - i)</span>����˴�ֻ����д��<span lang=EN-US>c = (count - i)</span>���ֽڼ��ɡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>还需写入的字节数 <span
+lang=EN-US>(count - i)</span>，则此次只需再写入<span lang=EN-US>c = (count - i)</span>个字节即可。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 c = <u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u> % <u><span style='color:blue'>BLOCK_SIZE</span></u>;</span></p>
@@ -66336,19 +66336,19 @@ c = <u><span style='color:blue'>BLOCK_SIZE</span></u>-c;</span></p>
 if (c &gt; <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>-i) c = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>count</span></u>-i;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��д������֮ǰ��������Ԥ�����ú���һ��ѭ������Ҫ��д�ļ��е�λ�á�������ǰ�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在写入数据之前，我们先预先设置好下一次循环操作要读写文件中的位置。因此我们把<span
 lang=EN-US>pos</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��ǰ�ƴ˴���д����ֽ����������ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>pos</span>λ��ֵ�������ļ���ǰ���ȣ����޸�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针前移此次需写入的字节数。如果此时<span
+lang=EN-US>pos</span>位置值超过了文件当前长度，则修改<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ������ֶΣ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸ı�־��Ȼ��Ѵ˴�Ҫд����ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>�ۼӵ���д���ֽڼ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件长度字段，并置<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改标志。然后把此次要写入的字节数<span lang=EN-US>c</span>累加到已写入字节计</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�У���ѭ���ж�ʹ�á����Ŵ��û�������<span
-lang=EN-US>buf</span>�и���<span lang=EN-US>c</span>���ֽڵ����ٻ������<span lang=EN-US>p</span>ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数值<span lang=EN-US>i</span>中，供循环判断使用。接着从用户缓冲区<span
+lang=EN-US>buf</span>中复制<span lang=EN-US>c</span>个字节到高速缓冲块中<span lang=EN-US>p</span>指向</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ŀ�ʼλ�ô������������ͷŸû���顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的开始位置处。复制完后就释放该缓冲块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u> += c;</span></p>
@@ -66381,15 +66381,15 @@ style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>++);</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ѿ�ȫ��д���ļ�������д���������з�������ʱ�ͻ��˳�ѭ������ʱ���Ǹ����ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当数据已经全部写入文件或者在写操作过程中发生问题时就会退出循环。此时我们更改文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�޸�ʱ��Ϊ��ǰʱ�䣬�������ļ���дָ�롣����˴β����������ļ�β�������ݣ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>修改时间为当前时间，并调整文件读写指针。如果此次操作不是在文件尾添加数据，则把文</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����дָ���������ǰ��дλ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pos</span>�����������ļ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���޸�ʱ��Ϊ��ǰʱ�䡣���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>件读写指针调整到当前读写位置<span
+lang=EN-US>pos</span>处，并更改文件<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的修改时间为当前时间。最后返</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��д����ֽ�������д���ֽ���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���򷵻س�����<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回写入的字节数，若写入字节数为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则返回出错号<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode-&gt;i_mtime = <u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT_TIME</span></u>;</span></p>
@@ -66430,7 +66430,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448019"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447423"></a><a name="_Toc53320642"><span lang=EN-US>12.10 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12-10 linux/fs/pipe.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>12-10 linux/fs/pipe.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -66453,36 +66453,36 @@ linux/fs/pipe.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ź�ͷ�ļ��������źŷ��ų������źŽṹ����������ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号头文件。定义信号符号常量，信号结构及操作函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
-#include &lt;termios.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ն������������ͷ�ļ�����Ҫ��������첽ͨ�ſڵ��ն˽ӿڡ�</p>
+#include &lt;termios.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>终端输入输出函数头文件。主要定义控制异步通信口的终端接口。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
 #include &lt;linux/mm.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/* for get_free_page */&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>ʹ�����е�<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page */</span></p>
+/* </span>使用其中的<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ܵ�������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>管道读操作函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>�ǹܵ���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>���û����ݻ�����ָ�룬<span lang=EN-US>count</span>�Ƕ�ȡ���ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>是管道对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>是用户数据缓冲区指针，<span lang=EN-US>count</span>是读取的字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>read_pipe</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -66496,29 +66496,29 @@ int chars, size, <u><span style='color:blue'>read</span></u> = 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ҫ��ȡ���ֽڼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����Ǿ�ѭ��ִ�����²�������ѭ�������������У�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果需要读取的字节计数<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>大于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，我们就循环执行以下操作。在循环读操作过程中，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ǰ�ܵ���û�����ݣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>size=0</span>�������ѵȴ��ýڵ�Ľ��̣���ͨ����д�ܵ����̡����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若当前管道中没有数据（<span
+lang=EN-US>size=0</span>），则唤醒等待该节点的进程，这通常是写管道进程。如果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��û��д�ܵ��ߣ��� <span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ü���ֵС��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���򷵻��Ѷ��ֽ����˳��������ǰ�յ��з�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>已没有写管道者，即 <span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点引用计数值小于<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，则返回已读字节数退出。如果当前收到有非</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����źţ������̷����Ѷ�ȡ�ֽ����˳�������û���յ��κ����ݣ��򷵻���������ϵͳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>阻塞信号，则立刻返回已读取字节数退出；若还没有收到任何数据，则返回重新启动系统</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ú��˳���������ý����ڸùܵ���˯�ߣ����Եȴ���Ϣ�ĵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>PIPE_SIZE</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>调用号退出。否则就让进程在该管道上睡眠，用以等待信息的到来。宏<span
+lang=EN-US>PIPE_SIZE</span>定义在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // include/linux/fs.h</span>�С����ڡ���������ϵͳ���á�����μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/signal.c</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // include/linux/fs.h</span>中。关于“重新启动系统调用”，请参见<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/signal.c</span>程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while (<u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>&gt;0) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while (!(size=<u><span style='color:blue'>PIPE_SIZE</span></u>(*inode))) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ȡ�ܵ������ݳ���ֵ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>取管道中数据长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>wake_up</span></u>(&amp; <u><span style='color:
@@ -66546,18 +66546,18 @@ style='color:blue'>PIPE_READ_WAIT</span></u>(*inode));</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ˵���ܵ������������������ݡ���������ȡ�ܵ�βָ�뵽������ĩ�˵��ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>chars</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时说明管道（缓冲区）中有数据。于是我们取管道尾指针到缓冲区末端的字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>chars</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ڻ���Ҫ��ȡ���ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>�����������<span lang=EN-US>count</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>���ڵ�ǰ�ܵ��к�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果其大于还需要读取的字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>，则令其等于<span lang=EN-US>count</span>。如果<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>大于当前管道中含</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ݵĳ���<span
-lang=EN-US> size</span>�����������<span lang=EN-US> size</span>�� Ȼ�������ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>��ȥ�˴οɶ����ֽ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有数据的长度<span
+lang=EN-US> size</span>，则令其等于<span lang=EN-US> size</span>。 然后把需读字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>减去此次可读的字节数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // chars</span>�����ۼ��Ѷ��ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>read</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // chars</span>，并累加已读字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>read</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 chars = <u><span style='color:blue'>PAGE_SIZE</span></u>-<u><span
@@ -66582,13 +66582,13 @@ if (chars &gt; size)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>read</span></u> += chars;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>size</span>ָ��ܵ�βָ�봦����������ǰ�ܵ�βָ�루ǰ��<span
-lang=EN-US>chars</span>�ֽڣ�����βָ�볬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再令<span lang=EN-US>size</span>指向管道尾指针处，并调整当前管道尾指针（前移<span
+lang=EN-US>chars</span>字节）。若尾指针超过</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ܵ�ĩ�����ƻء�Ȼ�󽫹ܵ��е����ݸ��Ƶ��û��������С����ڹܵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��<span lang=EN-US>i_size</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>管道末端则绕回。然后将管道中的数据复制到用户缓冲区中。对于管道<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，其<span lang=EN-US>i_size</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ֶ����ǹܵ������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字段中是管道缓冲块指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 size = <u><span style='color:blue'>PIPE_TAIL</span></u>(*inode);</span></p>
@@ -66610,7 +66610,7 @@ while (chars--&gt;0)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���˴ζ��ܵ��������������ѵȴ��ùܵ��Ľ��̣������ض�ȡ���ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当此次读管道操作结束，则唤醒等待该管道的进程，并返回读取的字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>wake_up</span></u>(&amp; <u><span style='color:
@@ -66624,10 +66624,10 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>read</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ܵ�д����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>管道写操作函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>�ǹܵ���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>�����ݻ�����ָ�룬<span lang=EN-US>count</span>�ǽ�д��ܵ����ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>是管道对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>是数据缓冲区指针，<span lang=EN-US>count</span>是将写入管道的字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>write_pipe</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -66641,23 +66641,23 @@ int chars, size, written = 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ҫд����ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ô���Ǿ�ѭ��ִ�����²�������ѭ�����������У�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果要写入的字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>还大于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，那么我们就循环执行以下操作。在循环操作过程中，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ�ܵ����Ѿ����ˣ����пռ�<span
-lang=EN-US> size = 0</span>�������ѵȴ��ùܵ��Ľ��̣�ͨ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前管道中已经满了（空闲空间<span
+lang=EN-US> size = 0</span>），则唤醒等待该管道的进程，通常唤醒</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ƕ��ܵ����̡� �����û�ж��ܵ��ߣ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ü���ֵС��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>������ǰ���̷���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的是读管道进程。 如果已没有读管道者，即<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点引用计数值小于<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，则向当前进程发送</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // SIGPIPE</span>�źţ���������д����ֽ����˳�����д��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�ֽڣ��򷵻�<span lang=EN-US> -1</span>�������õ�ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // SIGPIPE</span>信号，并返回已写入的字节数退出；若写入<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>字节，则返回<span lang=EN-US> -1</span>。否则让当前进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڸùܵ���˯�ߣ��Եȴ����ܵ���������ȡ���ݣ��Ӷ��ùܵ��ڳ��ռ䡣��<span
-lang=EN-US>PIPE_SIZE()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在该管道上睡眠，以等待读管道进程来读取数据，从而让管道腾出空间。宏<span
+lang=EN-US>PIPE_SIZE()</span>、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // PIPE_HEAD()</span>�ȶ������ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>include/linux/fs.h</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // PIPE_HEAD()</span>等定义在文件<span
+lang=EN-US>include/linux/fs.h</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while (<u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>&gt;0) {</span></p>
@@ -66690,20 +66690,20 @@ style='color:blue'>sleep_on</span></u>(&amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>PIPE_WR
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ִ�е������ʾ�ܵ����������п�д�ռ�<span
-lang=EN-US>size</span>����������ȡ�ܵ�ͷָ�뵽������ĩ�˿�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程序执行到这里表示管道缓冲区中有可写空间<span
+lang=EN-US>size</span>。于是我们取管道头指针到缓冲区末端空</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>��д�ܵ������Ǵӹܵ�ͷָ�봦��ʼд�ġ����<span
-lang=EN-US>chars</span>���ڻ���Ҫд����ֽ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>间字节数<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>。写管道操作是从管道头指针处开始写的。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>chars</span>大于还需要写入的字节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>count</span>�����������<span
-lang=EN-US> count</span>�� ���<span lang=EN-US> chars</span>���ڵ�ǰ�ܵ��п��пռ䳤��<span
-lang=EN-US>size</span>�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数<span lang=EN-US>count</span>，则令其等于<span
+lang=EN-US> count</span>。 如果<span lang=EN-US> chars</span>大于当前管道中空闲空间长度<span
+lang=EN-US>size</span>，则令其等于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // size</span>��Ȼ�����Ҫд���ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>��ȥ�˴ο�д����ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>������д���ֽ����ۼӵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // size</span>。然后把需要写入字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>减去此次可写入的字节数<span lang=EN-US>chars</span>，并把写入字节数累加到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // written</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // written</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 chars = <u><span style='color:blue'>PAGE_SIZE</span></u>-<u><span
@@ -66727,14 +66727,14 @@ if (chars &gt; size)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 written += chars;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>size</span>ָ��ܵ�����ͷָ�봦����������ǰ�ܵ�����ͷ��ָ�루ǰ��<span
-lang=EN-US>chars</span>�ֽڣ�����ͷ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再令<span lang=EN-US>size</span>指向管道数据头指针处，并调整当前管道数据头部指针（前移<span
+lang=EN-US>chars</span>字节）。若头</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ�볬���ܵ�ĩ�����ƻء�Ȼ����û�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>chars</span>���ֽڵ��ܵ�ͷָ�뿪ʼ���� ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针超过管道末端则绕回。然后从用户缓冲区复制<span
+lang=EN-US>chars</span>个字节到管道头指针开始处。 对于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ܵ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��<span
-lang=EN-US>i_size</span>�ֶ����ǹܵ������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>管道<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，其<span
+lang=EN-US>i_size</span>字段中是管道缓冲块指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 size = <u><span style='color:blue'>PIPE_HEAD</span></u>(*inode);</span></p>
@@ -66756,7 +66756,7 @@ style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>++);</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���˴�д�ܵ��������������ѵȴ��ܵ��Ľ��̣�������д����ֽ������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>当此次写管道操作结束，则唤醒等待管道的进程，返回已写入的字节数，退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>wake_up</span></u>(&amp; <u><span style='color:
@@ -66769,16 +66769,16 @@ return written;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ܵ�ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>创建管道系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>fildes</span>��ָ�������д���һ���ļ��������������������ļ����ָ��һ�ܵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在<span lang=EN-US>fildes</span>所指的数组中创建一对文件句柄（描述符）。这对文件句柄指向一管道<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>filedes
--</span>�ļ�������顣<span lang=EN-US>fildes[0]</span>���ڶ��ܵ����ݣ�<span lang=EN-US>fildes[1]</span>��ܵ�д�����ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>filedes
+-</span>文件句柄数组。<span lang=EN-US>fildes[0]</span>用于读管道数据，<span lang=EN-US>fildes[1]</span>向管道写入数据。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ɹ�ʱ����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>-1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>成功时返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，出错时返回<span
+lang=EN-US>-1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_pipe</span></u>(unsigned long * fildes)</span></p>
@@ -66790,22 +66790,22 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>file</span></u> * f[2];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ��ṹ���顣</p>
+// </span>文件结构数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int fd[2];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ�������顣</p>
+// </span>文件句柄数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int i,j;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȴ�ϵͳ�ļ�����ȡ������������ü����ֶ�Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��������ֱ��������ü���Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先从系统文件表中取两个空闲项（引用计数字段为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的项），并分别设置引用计数为<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֻ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����������ͷŸ�����ü�����λ������û���ҵ�����������򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US> -1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若只有<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个空闲项，则释放该项（引用计数复位）。若没有找到两个空闲项，则返回<span
+lang=EN-US> -1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 j=0;</span></p>
@@ -66831,14 +66831,14 @@ if (j&lt;2)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -1;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ȡ�õ������ļ����ṹ��ֱ����һ�ļ�����ţ���ʹ�����ļ��ṹָ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>针对上面取得的两个文件表结构项，分别分配一文件句柄号，并使进程文件结构指针数组的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ֱ�ָ���������ļ��ṹ�����ļ�������Ǹ�����������š����Ƶأ����ֻ��һ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>两项分别指向这两个文件结构。而文件句柄即是该数组的索引号。类似地，如果只有一个空</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ���������ͷŸþ�����ÿ���Ӧ����������û���ҵ��������о�������ͷ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>闲文件句柄，则释放该句柄（置空相应数组项）。如果没有找到两个空闲句柄，则释放上面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ�������ļ��ṹ���λ���ü���ֵ����������<span
-lang=EN-US> -1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>获取的两个文件结构项（复位引用计数值），并返回<span
+lang=EN-US> -1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 j=0;</span></p>
@@ -66879,16 +66879,16 @@ return -1;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>102</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����ú���<span
-lang=EN-US>get_pipe_inode()</span>����һ���ܵ�ʹ�õ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��Ϊ�ܵ�����һҳ�ڴ���Ϊ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后利用函数<span
+lang=EN-US>get_pipe_inode()</span>申请一个管道使用的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并为管道分配一页内存作为缓</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������ɹ�������Ӧ�ͷ������ļ�������ļ��ṹ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>-1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>冲区。如果不成功，则相应释放两个文件句柄和文件结构项，并返回<span
+lang=EN-US>-1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>103</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(inode=<u><span
 style='color:blue'>get_pipe_inode</span></u>())) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// fs/inode.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>231</span>�п�ʼ����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// fs/inode.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>231</span>行开始处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -66910,14 +66910,14 @@ return -1;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>108</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ܵ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����ɹ�����������ļ��ṹ���г�ʼ�������������Ƕ�ָ��ͬһ���ܵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果管道<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点申请成功，则对两个文件结构进行初始化操作，让它们都指向同一个管道<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�㣬���Ѷ�дָ�붼���㡣��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���ļ��ṹ���ļ�ģʽ��Ϊ������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���ļ��ṹ���ļ�ģʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>点，并把读写指针都置零。第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个文件结构的文件模式置为读，第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个文件结构的文件模式置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊд������ļ�������鸴�Ƶ���Ӧ���û��ռ������У��ɹ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为写。最后将文件句柄数组复制到对应的用户空间数组中，成功返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>109</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; f[0]-&gt;f_inode =
@@ -66954,13 +66954,13 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ܵ�<span lang=EN-US>io</span>���ƺ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>管道<span lang=EN-US>io</span>控制函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>pino
-- </span>�ܵ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>cmd - </span>�������<span
-lang=EN-US>arg - </span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>pino
+- </span>管道<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针；<span lang=EN-US>cmd - </span>控制命令；<span
+lang=EN-US>arg - </span>参数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʾִ�гɹ������򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>表示执行成功，否则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>pipe_ioctl</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -66969,9 +66969,9 @@ style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> *pino, int cmd, int arg)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ȡ�ܵ��е�ǰ�ɶ����ݳ��ȣ���ѹܵ����ݳ���ֵ�����û�����ָ����λ�ô���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果命令是取管道中当前可读数据长度，则把管道数据长度值添入用户参数指定的位置处，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻���Ч��������롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。否则返回无效命令错误码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>120</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; switch (cmd) {</span></p>
@@ -67026,7 +67026,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448020"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447424"></a><a name="_Toc53320649"><span lang=EN-US>12.11 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12-11 linux/fs/char_dev.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>12-11 linux/fs/char_dev.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -67049,44 +67049,44 @@ linux/fs/char_dev.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷ�ļ��������˻�����ϵͳ�������͡�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>类型头文件。定义了基本的系统数据类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�����������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// io</span>ͷ�ļ�������Ӳ���˿�����<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>���������䡣</p>
+#include &lt;asm/io.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// io</span>头文件。定义硬件端口输入<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>输出宏汇编语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_read</span></u>(unsigned minor,char
 * <u><span style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>,int <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ն˶���</p>
+// </span>终端读。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_write</span></u>(unsigned minor,char
 * <u><span style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>,int <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ն�д��</p>
+// </span>终端写。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ��豸��д����ָ�����͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义字符设备读写函数指针类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 typedef (*<u><span style='color:blue'>crw_ptr</span></u>)(int rw,unsigned
@@ -67096,15 +67096,15 @@ style='color:blue'>count</span></u>,<u><span style='color:blue'>off_t</span></u>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ն˶�д����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>串口终端读写操作函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>rw
-- </span>��д���<span lang=EN-US>minor - </span>�ն����豸�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>buf - </span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>cout - </span>��д�ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>rw
+- </span>读写命令；<span lang=EN-US>minor - </span>终端子设备号；<span lang=EN-US>buf - </span>缓冲区；<span
+lang=EN-US>cout - </span>读写字节数；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pos - </span>��д������ǰָ�룬�����ն˲�������ָ�����á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pos - </span>读写操作当前指针，对于终端操作，该指针无用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ�ʵ�ʶ�д���ֽ�������ʧ���򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：实际读写的字节数。若失败则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_ttyx</span></u>(int rw,unsigned
@@ -67127,9 +67127,9 @@ style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>,<u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>))
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ն˶�д����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>终端读写操作函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͬ��<span lang=EN-US>rw_ttyx()</span>��ֻ�������˶Խ����Ƿ��п����ն˵ļ�⡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>同上<span lang=EN-US>rw_ttyx()</span>，只是增加了对进程是否有控制终端的检测。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_tty</span></u>(int rw,unsigned
@@ -67139,10 +67139,10 @@ style='color:blue'>count</span></u>, <u><span style='color:blue'>off_t</span></u
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������û�ж�Ӧ�Ŀ����նˣ��򷵻س����š���������ն˶�д����<span
-lang=EN-US>rw_ttyx()</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若进程没有对应的控制终端，则返回出错号。否则调用终端读写函数<span
+lang=EN-US>rw_ttyx()</span>，并返回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʵ�ʶ�д�ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>实际读写字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;tty&lt;0)</span></p>
@@ -67159,7 +67159,7 @@ style='color:blue'>count</span></u>,<u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u>);
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ڴ����ݶ�д��δʵ�֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>内存数据读写。未实现。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_ram</span></u>(int rw,char * <u><span
@@ -67175,7 +67175,7 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EIO</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ڴ����ݶ�д����������δʵ�֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>物理内存数据读写操作函数。未实现。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_mem</span></u>(int rw,char * <u><span
@@ -67191,7 +67191,7 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EIO</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ں������ڴ����ݶ�д������δʵ�֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>内核虚拟内存数据读写函数。未实现。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_kmem</span></u>(int rw,char * <u><span
@@ -67207,13 +67207,13 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EIO</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�˿ڶ�д����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>端口读写操作函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>rw
-- </span>��д���<span lang=EN-US>buf - </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>cout - </span>��д�ֽ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>pos - </span>�˿ڵ�ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>rw
+- </span>读写命令；<span lang=EN-US>buf - </span>缓冲区；<span lang=EN-US>cout - </span>读写字节数；<span
+lang=EN-US>pos - </span>端口地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ�ʵ�ʶ�д���ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：实际读写的字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_port</span></u>(int rw,char * <u><span
@@ -67227,14 +67227,14 @@ int i=*<u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ҫ���д���ֽ��������Ҷ˿ڵ�ַС��<span
-lang=EN-US>64k</span>ʱ��ѭ��ִ�е����ֽڵĶ�д������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于所要求读写的字节数，并且端口地址小于<span
+lang=EN-US>64k</span>时，循环执行单个字节的读写操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ƕ������Ӷ˿�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ж�ȡһ�ֽ����ݲ��ŵ��û��������С�����д��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若是读命令，则从端口<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>中读取一字节内容并放到用户缓冲区中。若是写命令，则从用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ݻ�������ȡһ�ֽ�������˿�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>户数据缓冲区中取一字节输出到端口<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while (<u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>--&gt;0 &amp;&amp;
@@ -67257,13 +67257,13 @@ style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>++),i);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 i++;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ǰ��һ���˿ڡ�<span lang=EN-US>[??]</span></p>
+// </span>前移一个端口。<span lang=EN-US>[??]</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ������<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д���ֽ�����������Ӧ��дָ�룬�����ض�<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д���ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后计算读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写的字节数，调整相应读写指针，并返回读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写的字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;i -= *<u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u>;</span></p>
@@ -67278,8 +67278,8 @@ return i;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ڴ��д�����������ڴ����豸����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�������������<span lang=EN-US>0-5</span>���豸�Ĵ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>内存读写操作函数。内存主设备号是<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。这里仅给出对<span lang=EN-US>0-5</span>子设备的处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_memory</span></u>(int rw, unsigned
@@ -67289,14 +67289,14 @@ style='color:blue'>count</span></u>, <u><span style='color:blue'>off_t</span></u
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڴ��豸���豸�ţ��ֱ���ò�ͬ���ڴ��д������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据内存设备子设备号，分别调用不同的内存读写函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 switch(minor) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case 0:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӧ�豸�ļ����� <span
-lang=EN-US>/dev/ram0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>/dev/ramdisk</span>��</p>
+case 0:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对应设备文件名是 <span
+lang=EN-US>/dev/ram0</span>或<span lang=EN-US>/dev/ramdisk</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_ram</span></u>(rw,<u><span
@@ -67304,8 +67304,8 @@ style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>,<u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>,<
 style='color:blue'>pos</span></u>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // /dev/ram1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>/dev/mem</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ram</span>��</p>
+case 1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // /dev/ram1</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>/dev/mem</span>或<span lang=EN-US>ram</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_mem</span></u>(rw,<u><span
@@ -67313,8 +67313,8 @@ style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>,<u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>,<
 style='color:blue'>pos</span></u>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case 2:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // /dev/ram2</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>/dev/kmem</span>��</p>
+case 2:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // /dev/ram2</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>/dev/kmem</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_kmem</span></u>(rw,<u><span
@@ -67322,7 +67322,7 @@ style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>,<u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>,<
 style='color:blue'>pos</span></u>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case 3:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // /dev/null</span>��</p>
+case 3:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // /dev/null</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return (rw==<u><span style='color:blue'>READ</span></u>)?0:<u><span
@@ -67331,7 +67331,7 @@ rw_null */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case
-4:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // /dev/port</span>��</p>
+4:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // /dev/port</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_port</span></u>(rw,<u><span
@@ -67351,7 +67351,7 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EIO</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ϵͳ���豸������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义系统中设备种数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NRDEVS</span></u> ((sizeof (<u><span
@@ -67359,7 +67359,7 @@ style='color:blue'>crw_table</span></u>))/(sizeof (<u><span style='color:blue'>c
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ��豸��д����ָ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符设备读写函数指针表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>
 static <u><span style='color:blue'>crw_ptr</span></u> <u><span
@@ -67368,53 +67368,53 @@ style='color:blue'>crw_table</span></u>[]={</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <b><i>/* nodev */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>���豸<span lang=EN-US>(</span>���豸<span lang=EN-US>) */</span></p>
+/* </span>无设备<span lang=EN-US>(</span>空设备<span lang=EN-US>) */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_memory</span></u>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* /dev/mem etc */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* /dev/mem</span>��<span
+<b><i>/* /dev/mem etc */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* /dev/mem</span>等<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <b><i>/* /dev/fd */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* /dev/fd</span>����<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* /dev/fd</span>软驱<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <b><i>/* /dev/hd */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* /dev/hd</span>Ӳ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* /dev/hd</span>硬盘<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_ttyx</span></u>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <b><i>/* /dev/ttyx */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* /dev/ttyx</span>�����ն�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* /dev/ttyx</span>串口终端<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_tty</span></u>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <b><i>/* /dev/tty */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* /dev/tty</span>�ն�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* /dev/tty</span>终端<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/*
 /dev/lp */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* /dev/lp</span>��ӡ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* /dev/lp</span>打印机<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>};&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* unnamed pipes */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>δ�����ܵ� <span
+<b><i>/* unnamed pipes */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>未命名管道 <span
 lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ַ��豸��д����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>字符设备读写操作函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>rw
--</span>��д���<span lang=EN-US>dev -</span>�豸�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>buf -</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>count -</span>��д�ֽ�����<span lang=EN-US>pos -</span>��дָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>rw
+-</span>读写命令；<span lang=EN-US>dev -</span>设备号；<span lang=EN-US>buf -</span>缓冲区；<span
+lang=EN-US>count -</span>读写字节数；<span lang=EN-US>pos -</span>读写指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ�ʵ�ʶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д�ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：实际读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_char</span></u>(int rw,int dev, char * <u><span
@@ -67428,11 +67428,11 @@ style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>, int <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span><
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����豸�ų���ϵͳ�豸�����򷵻س����롣������豸û�ж�Ӧ�Ķ�<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д������Ҳ���س�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果设备号超出系统设备数，则返回出错码。如果该设备没有对应的读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写函数，也返回出</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���롣������ö�Ӧ�豸�Ķ�д����������������ʵ�ʶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>д���ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>错码。否则调用对应设备的读写操作函数，并返回实际读<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>写的字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR</span></u>(dev)&gt;=<u><span
@@ -67478,7 +67478,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448021"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447425"></a><a name="_Toc53320643"><span lang=EN-US>12.12 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12-12 linux/fs/read_write.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>12-12 linux/fs/read_write.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -67501,55 +67501,55 @@ linux/fs/read_write.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�״̬ͷ�ļ��������ļ����ļ�ϵͳ״̬�ṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>�ͳ�����</p>
+#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件状态头文件。含有文件或文件系统状态结构<span
+lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>和常量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷ�ļ��������˻�����ϵͳ�������͡�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>类型头文件。定义了基本的系统数据类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�����������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ��豸��д������<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/char_dev.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>95</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符设备读写函数。<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/char_dev.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>95</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>rw_char</span></u>(int rw,int dev, char
 * <u><span style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>, int <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>,
 <u><span style='color:blue'>off_t</span></u> * <u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ܵ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/pipe.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>13</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读管道操作函数。<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/pipe.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>13</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>read_pipe</span></u>(struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode, char * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>, int <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>д�ܵ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/pipe.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>41</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>写管道操作函数。<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/pipe.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>41</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>write_pipe</span></u>(struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode, char * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>, int <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸������������<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/block_dev.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>47</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块设备读操作函数。<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/block_dev.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>47</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>block_read</span></u>(int dev, <u><span
@@ -67557,8 +67557,8 @@ style='color:blue'>off_t</span></u> * <u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u>
 char * <u><span style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>, int <u><span
 style='color:blue'>count</span></u>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸д����������<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/block_dev.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>14</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块设备写操作函数。<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/block_dev.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>14</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>block_write</span></u>(int dev, <u><span
@@ -67566,8 +67566,8 @@ style='color:blue'>off_t</span></u> * <u><span style='color:blue'>pos</span></u>
 char * <u><span style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>, int <u><span
 style='color:blue'>count</span></u>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/file_dev.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>17</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读文件操作函数。<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/file_dev.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>17</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>file_read</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -67578,8 +67578,8 @@ style='color:blue'>file</span></u> * filp,</span></p>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;char
 * <u><span style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>, int <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>д�ļ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/file_dev.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>48</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>写文件操作函数。<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/file_dev.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>48</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>file_write</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -67592,16 +67592,16 @@ style='color:blue'>count</span></u>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ض�λ�ļ���дָ��ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>重定位文件读写指针系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>���ļ������<span
-lang=EN-US>offset</span>���µ��ļ���дָ��ƫ��ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>origin</span>��ƫ�Ƶ���ʼλ�ã�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>是文件句柄，<span
+lang=EN-US>offset</span>是新的文件读写指针偏移值，<span lang=EN-US>origin</span>是偏移的起始位置，可有</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ѡ��<span lang=EN-US>SEEK_SET</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ļ���ʼ������<span lang=EN-US>SEEK_CUR</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���ӵ�ǰ��дλ�ã���<span
-lang=EN-US>SEEK_END</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>三种选择：<span lang=EN-US>SEEK_SET</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，从文件开始处）、<span lang=EN-US>SEEK_CUR</span>（<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，从当前读写位置）、<span
+lang=EN-US>SEEK_END</span>（</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 2</span>�����ļ�β������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 2</span>，从文件尾处）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_lseek</span></u>(unsigned int fd,<u><span
@@ -67618,16 +67618,16 @@ int tmp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϺ����ṩ�Ĳ�����Ч�ԡ�����ļ����ֵ���ڳ��������ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>NR_OPEN(20)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断函数提供的参数有效性。如果文件句柄值大于程序最多打开文件数<span
+lang=EN-US>NR_OPEN(20)</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���߸þ�����ļ��ṹָ��Ϊ�գ����߶�Ӧ�ļ��ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ֶ�Ϊ�գ�����ָ���豸�ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>或者该句柄的文件结构指针为空，或者对应文件结构的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点字段为空，或者指定设备文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ���ǲ��ɶ�λ�ģ��򷵻س����벢�˳�������ļ���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ǹܵ��ڵ㣬�򷵻س���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针是不可定位的，则返回出错码并退出。如果文件对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点是管道节点，则返回出错</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���˳�����Ϊ�ܵ�ͷβָ�벻�������ƶ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>码退出。因为管道头尾指针不可随意移动！</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (fd &gt;= <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_OPEN</span></u> || !(<u><span
@@ -67647,15 +67647,15 @@ if (<u><span style='color:blue'>file</span></u>-&gt;f_inode-&gt;i_pipe)</span></
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ESPIPE</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��������õĶ�λ��־���ֱ����¶�λ�ļ���дָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后根据设置的定位标志，分别重新定位文件读写指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 switch (<u><span style='color:blue'>origin</span></u>) {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // origin = SEEK_SET</span>��Ҫ�����ļ���ʼ����Ϊԭ�������ļ���дָ�롣��ƫ��ֵС���㣬���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // origin = SEEK_SET</span>，要求以文件起始处作为原点设置文件读写指针。若偏移值小于零，则出</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ش����롣���������ļ���дָ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>offset</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>错返回错误码。否则设置文件读写指针等于<span
+lang=EN-US>offset</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 0:</span></p>
@@ -67669,10 +67669,10 @@ if (offset&lt;0) return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>;</span></
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // origin = SEEK_CUR</span>��Ҫ�����ļ���ǰ��дָ�봦��Ϊԭ���ض�λ��дָ�롣����ļ���ǰָ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // origin = SEEK_CUR</span>，要求以文件当前读写指针处作为原点重定位读写指针。如果文件当前指</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>�����ƫ��ֵС��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���򷵻س������˳��������ڵ�ǰ��дָ���ϼ���ƫ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>针加上偏移值小于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则返回出错码退出。否则在当前读写指针上加上偏移值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 1:</span></p>
@@ -67687,9 +67687,9 @@ style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // origin = SEEK_END</span>��Ҫ�����ļ�ĩβ��Ϊԭ���ض�λ��дָ�롣��ʱ���ļ���С����ƫ��ֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // origin = SEEK_END</span>，要求以文件末尾作为原点重定位读写指针。此时若文件大小加上偏移值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>С�����򷵻س������˳��������ض�λ��дָ��Ϊ�ļ����ȼ���ƫ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>小于零则返回出错码退出。否则重定位读写指针为文件长度加上偏移值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case 2:</span></p>
@@ -67707,8 +67707,8 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>origin
-</span>������Ч�����س������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若<span lang=EN-US>origin
+</span>设置无效，返回出错码退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 default:</span></p>
@@ -67721,16 +67721,16 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return <u><span style='color:blue'>file</span></u>-&gt;f_pos;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��󷵻��ض�λ����ļ���дָ��ֵ��</p>
+// </span>最后返回重定位后的文件读写指针值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ļ�ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>读文件系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>���ļ������<span
-lang=EN-US>buf</span>�ǻ�������<span lang=EN-US>count</span>�������ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>是文件句柄，<span
+lang=EN-US>buf</span>是缓冲区，<span lang=EN-US>count</span>是欲读字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_read</span></u>(unsigned int fd,char * <u><span
@@ -67747,14 +67747,14 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ȶԲ�����Ч�Խ����жϡ�����ļ����ֵ���ڳ��������ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>NR_OPEN</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数首先对参数有效性进行判断。如果文件句柄值大于程序最多打开文件数<span
+lang=EN-US>NR_OPEN</span>，或者</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ҫ��ȡ���ֽڼ���ֵС��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����߸þ�����ļ��ṹָ��Ϊ�գ��򷵻س����벢�˳�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>需要读取的字节计数值小于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，或者该句柄的文件结构指针为空，则返回出错码并退出。若</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȡ���ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�˳�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>需读取的字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>退出</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (fd&gt;=<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_OPEN</span></u> || <u><span
@@ -67770,14 +67770,14 @@ if (!<u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����֤������ݵĻ������ڴ����ơ���ȡ�ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣���ڸ��ݸ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����ԣ��ֱ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后验证存放数据的缓冲区内存限制。并取文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。用于根据该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的属性，分别</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>������Ӧ�Ķ��������������ǹܵ��ļ��������Ƕ��ܵ��ļ�ģʽ������ж��ܵ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>调用相应的读操作函数。若是管道文件，并且是读管道文件模式，则进行读管道操作，若成</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���򷵻ض�ȡ���ֽ��������򷵻س����룬�˳���������ַ����ļ�������ж��ַ��豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>功则返回读取的字节数，否则返回出错码，退出。如果是字符型文件，则进行读字符设备操</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ض�ȡ���ַ���������ǿ��豸�ļ�����ִ�п��豸�������������ض�ȡ���ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>作，并返回读取的字符数。如果是块设备文件，则执行块设备读操作，并返回读取的字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>,<u><span
@@ -67812,16 +67812,16 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>block_read</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_zone[0],&am
 style='color:blue'>file</span></u>-&gt;f_pos,<u><span style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>,<u><span
 style='color:blue'>count</span></u>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ŀ¼�ļ������ǳ����ļ�����������֤��ȡ�ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>����Ч�Բ����е���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果是目录文件或者是常规文件，则首先验证读取字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>的有效性并进行调整（若读</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�ֽ��������ļ���ǰ��дָ��ֵ�����ļ����ȣ����������ö�ȡ�ֽ���Ϊ
-�ļ�����<span lang=EN-US>-</span>��ǰ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取字节数加上文件当前读写指针值大于文件长度，则重新设置读取字节数为
+文件长度<span lang=EN-US>-</span>当前</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��дָ��ֵ������ȡ������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�˳�����Ȼ��ִ���ļ������������ض�ȡ���ֽ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读写指针值，若读取数等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>退出），然后执行文件读操作，返回读取的字节数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>S_ISDIR</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_mode) || <u><span
@@ -67849,7 +67849,7 @@ style='color:blue'>count</span></u>);</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�е����˵�������޷��ж��ļ������ԡ����ӡ�ڵ��ļ����ԣ������س������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行到这里，说明我们无法判断文件的属性。则打印节点文件属性，并返回出错码退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>printk</span></u>(<i>&quot;(Read)inode-&gt;i_mode=%06o\n\r&quot;</i>,inode-&gt;i_mode);</span></p>
@@ -67861,10 +67861,10 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>д�ļ�ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>写文件系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>���ļ������<span
-lang=EN-US>buf</span>���û���������<span lang=EN-US>count</span>����д�ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>是文件句柄，<span
+lang=EN-US>buf</span>是用户缓冲区，<span lang=EN-US>count</span>是欲写字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_write</span></u>(unsigned int fd,char * <u><span
@@ -67882,13 +67882,13 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͬ���أ����������жϺ�����������Ч�ԡ���������ļ����ֵ���ڳ��������ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>同样地，我们首先判断函数参数的有效性。如果进程文件句柄值大于程序最多打开文件数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // NR_OPEN</span>��������Ҫд����ֽڼ���С��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����߸þ�����ļ��ṹָ��Ϊ�գ��򷵻س���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // NR_OPEN</span>，或者需要写入的字节计数小于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，或者该句柄的文件结构指针为空，则返回出错</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�벢�˳���������ȡ���ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�˳�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>码并退出。如果需读取的字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>退出</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (fd&gt;=<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_OPEN</span></u> || <u><span
@@ -67904,16 +67904,16 @@ if (!<u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����֤������ݵĻ������ڴ����ơ���ȡ�ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣���ڸ��ݸ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����ԣ��ֱ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后验证存放数据的缓冲区内存限制。并取文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。用于根据该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的属性，分别</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ӧ�Ķ��������������ǹܵ��ļ���������д�ܵ��ļ�ģʽ�������д�ܵ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>调用相应的读操作函数。若是管道文件，并且是写管道文件模式，则进行写管道操作，若成</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���򷵻�д����ֽ��������򷵻س������˳���������ַ��豸�ļ��������д�ַ��豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>功则返回写入的字节数，否则返回出错码退出。如果是字符设备文件，则进行写字符设备操</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������д����ַ����˳�������ǿ��豸�ļ�������п��豸д������������д����ֽ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>作，返回写入的字符数退出。如果是块设备文件，则进行块设备写操作，并返回写入的字节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���˳������ǳ����ļ�����ִ���ļ�д������������д����ֽ������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数退出。若是常规文件，则执行文件写操作，并返回写入的字节数，退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode=<u><span style='color:blue'>file</span></u>-&gt;f_inode;</span></p>
@@ -67952,7 +67952,7 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>file_write</span></u>(inode,<u><span
 style='color:blue'>file</span></u>,<u><span style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>,<u><span
 style='color:blue'>count</span></u>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�е����˵�������޷��ж��ļ������ԡ����ӡ�ڵ��ļ����ԣ������س������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行到这里，说明我们无法判断文件的属性。则打印节点文件属性，并返回出错码退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -67984,7 +67984,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448022"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447426"></a><a name="_Toc53320646"><span lang=EN-US>12.13 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12-13 linux/fs/open.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>12-13 linux/fs/open.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -68007,59 +68007,59 @@ linux/fs/open.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���ͷ�ļ�����Ҫ������һЩ�й��ַ���������Ƕ�뺯����</p>
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串头文件。主要定义了一些有关字符串操作的嵌入函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> #include
-&lt;fcntl.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�����ͷ�ļ��������ļ������������������Ƴ������Ŷ��塣</p>
+&lt;fcntl.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件控制头文件。用于文件及其描述符操作控制常数符号定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷ�ļ������������ϵͳ���ļ�ϵͳͳ����Ϣ�ṹ�����͡�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>类型头文件。定义基本的系统和文件系统统计信息结构和类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;utime.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�û�ʱ��ͷ�ļ���������ʺ��޸�ʱ��ṹ�Լ�<span
-lang=EN-US>utime()</span>ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;utime.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用户时间头文件。定义访问和修改时间结构以及<span
+lang=EN-US>utime()</span>原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�״̬ͷ�ļ��������ļ�״̬�ṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>�ͷ��ų����ȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件状态头文件。含有文件状态结构<span
+lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>和符号常量等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u> #include
-&lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�����������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݵȡ�</p>
+&lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/tty.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>ͷ�ļ����������й�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_io</span>������ͨ�ŷ���Ĳ�����������</p>
+#include &lt;linux/tty.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>头文件，定义了有关<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_io</span>，串行通信方面的参数、常数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;//// </span>ȡ�ļ�ϵͳ��Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;//// </span>取文件系统信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>�Ǻ����Ѱ�װ�ļ�ϵͳ���豸�š�<span
-lang=EN-US>ubuf</span>��һ��<span lang=EN-US>ustat</span>�ṹ������ָ�룬���ڴ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>是含有已安装文件系统的设备号。<span
+lang=EN-US>ubuf</span>是一个<span lang=EN-US>ustat</span>结构缓冲区指针，用于存放</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ���ص��ļ�ϵͳ��Ϣ����ϵͳ�������ڷ����Ѱ�װ��<span
-lang=EN-US>mounted</span>���ļ�ϵͳ��ͳ����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统返回的文件系统信息。该系统调用用于返回已安装（<span
+lang=EN-US>mounted</span>）文件系统的统计信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ɹ�ʱ����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>ubuf</span>ָ���<span lang=EN-US>ustate</span>�ṹ�������ļ�ϵͳ�ܿ��п����Ϳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>成功时返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>ubuf</span>指向的<span lang=EN-US>ustate</span>结构被添入文件系统总空闲块数和空闲<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ustat</span>�ṹ������<span
-lang=EN-US>include/sys/types.h</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ustat</span>结构定义在<span
+lang=EN-US>include/sys/types.h</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_ustat</span></u>(int dev, struct <u><span
@@ -68069,22 +68069,22 @@ style='color:blue'>ustat</span></u> * ubuf)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOSYS</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����룺���ܻ�δʵ�֡�</p>
+// </span>出错码：功能还未实现。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ļ����ʺ��޸�ʱ�䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>设置文件访问和修改时间。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>���ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>times</span>�Ƿ��ʺ��޸�ʱ��ṹָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>是文件名，<span
+lang=EN-US>times</span>是访问和修改时间结构指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>times</span>ָ�벻Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>����ȡ<span lang=EN-US>utimbuf</span>�ṹ�е�ʱ����Ϣ�������ļ��ķ��ʺ��޸�ʱ�䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>times</span>指针不为<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，则取<span lang=EN-US>utimbuf</span>结构中的时间信息来设置文件的访问和修改时间。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>times</span>ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>����ȡϵͳ��ǰʱ��������ָ���ļ��ķ��ʺ��޸�ʱ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>times</span>指针是<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，则取系统当前时间来设置指定文件的访问和修改时间域。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_utime</span></u>(char * filename, struct <u><span
@@ -68100,13 +68100,13 @@ long actime,modtime;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ���ʱ����Ϣ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ӡ�����������ȸ����ļ���ȡ�ö�Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣���û����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件的时间信息保存在其<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点钟。因此我们首先根据文件名取得对应<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。如果没有找</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����򷵻س����롣����ṩ�ķ��ʺ��޸�ʱ��ṹָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>times</span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>����ӽṹ�ж�ȡ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>到，则返回出错码。如果提供的访问和修改时间结构指针<span
+lang=EN-US>times</span>不为<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，则从结构中读取</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�û����õ�ʱ��ֵ���������ϵͳ��ǰʱ���������ļ��ķ��ʺ��޸�ʱ�䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用户设置的时间值。否则就用系统当前时间来设置文件的访问和修改时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(inode=<u><span style='color:blue'>namei</span></u>(filename)))</span></p>
@@ -68131,10 +68131,10 @@ modtime = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_long</span></u>((unsigned long *)
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 actime = modtime = <u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT_TIME</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���޸�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��еķ���ʱ���ֶκ��޸�ʱ���ֶΡ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸ı�־���Żظ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后修改<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点中的访问时间字段和修改时间字段。再设置<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改标志，放回该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�㣬������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>点，并返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode-&gt;i_atime = actime;</span></p>
@@ -68167,32 +68167,32 @@ so as to make this call useful to setuid programs.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * XXX </span>���Ǹ�����ʵ�û�<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ruid</span>��������Ч�û�<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>euid</span>����<span lang=EN-US>BSD</span>ϵͳʹ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * XXX </span>我们该用真实用户<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>（<span lang=EN-US>ruid</span>）还是有效用户<span lang=EN-US>id</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>euid</span>）？<span lang=EN-US>BSD</span>系统使用了</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ʵ�û�<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>����ʹ�õ��ÿ��Թ�<span lang=EN-US>setuid</span>����ʹ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>真实用户<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>，以使该调用可以供<span lang=EN-US>setuid</span>程序使用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ע��<span
-lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>��׼����ʹ����ʵ�û�<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>（注：<span
+lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>标准建议使用真实用户<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ע<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ӣ��ע�Ϳ�ʼ�� <span lang=EN-US>'XXX' </span>��ʾ��Ҫ��ʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>（注<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>：英文注释开始的 <span lang=EN-US>'XXX' </span>表示重要提示）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����ļ��ķ���Ȩ�ޡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>检查文件的访问权限。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>���ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>mode</span>�Ǽ��ķ������ԣ�����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>����Ч����λ��ɣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>R_OK(</span>ֵ<span lang=EN-US>4)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>是文件名，<span
+lang=EN-US>mode</span>是检查的访问属性，它有<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个有效比特位组成：<span
+lang=EN-US>R_OK(</span>值<span lang=EN-US>4)</span>、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // W_OK(2)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>X_OK(1) </span>��<span lang=EN-US>F_OK(0) </span>��ɣ��ֱ��ʾ����ļ��Ƿ�ɶ�����д����ִ�к��ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // W_OK(2)</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>X_OK(1) </span>和<span lang=EN-US>F_OK(0) </span>组成，分别表示检测文件是否可读、可写、可执行和文件是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ڡ�������������Ļ����򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否存在。如果访问允许的话，则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_access</span></u>(const char * filename,int
@@ -68208,19 +68208,19 @@ int res, i_mode;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ��ķ���Ȩ����ϢҲͬ���������ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹ�У��������Ҫ��ȡ�ö�Ӧ�ļ�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件的访问权限信息也同样保存在文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构中，因此我们要先取得对应文件名的<span lang=EN-US>i</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵ㡣���ķ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>mode</span>�ɵ�<span lang=EN-US>3</span>λ��ɣ������Ҫ���ϰ˽���<span lang=EN-US>0007</span>��������и߱���λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>节点。检测的访问属性<span
+lang=EN-US>mode</span>由低<span lang=EN-US>3</span>位组成，因此需要与上八进制<span lang=EN-US>0007</span>来清除所有高比特位。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����ļ�����Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㲻���ڣ��򷵻�û������Ȩ�޳����롣��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ڣ���ȡ<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>如果文件名对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点不存在，则返回没有许可权限出错码。若<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点存在，则取<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ������룬���Żظ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣���⣬<span lang=EN-US>57</span>������䡰<span lang=EN-US>iput(inode);</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>61</span>��֮��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>钟文件属性码，并放回该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。另外，<span lang=EN-US>57</span>行上语句“<span lang=EN-US>iput(inode);</span>”最后放在<span
+lang=EN-US>61</span>行之后。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mode &amp;= 0007;</span></p>
@@ -68230,7 +68230,7 @@ if (!(inode=<u><span style='color:blue'>namei</span></u>(filename)))</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EACCES</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����룺�޷���Ȩ�ޡ�</p>
+// </span>出错码：无访问权限。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 i_mode = res = inode-&gt;i_mode &amp; 0777;</span></p>
@@ -68238,12 +68238,12 @@ i_mode = res = inode-&gt;i_mode &amp; 0777;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>iput</span></u>(inode);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ�����û��Ǹ��ļ�����������ȡ�ļ��������ԡ����������ǰ�����û�����ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前进程用户是该文件的宿主，则取文件宿主属性。否则如果当前进程用户与该文件宿</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ͬ��һ�飬��ȡ�ļ������ԡ����򣬴�ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>res</span>���<span lang=EN-US>3</span>�����������˷��ʸ��ļ����������ԡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>主同属一组，则取文件组属性。否则，此时<span
+lang=EN-US>res</span>最低<span lang=EN-US>3</span>比特是其他人访问该文件的许可属性。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // [[?? </span>����Ӧ<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // [[?? </span>这里应<span
 lang=EN-US>res &gt;&gt;3 ??]</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -68259,11 +68259,11 @@ inode-&gt;i_gid)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 res &gt;&gt;= 6;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ<span lang=EN-US>res</span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>�����Ǹ��ݵ�ǰ�����û����ļ��Ĺ�ϵѡ������ķ�������λ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时<span lang=EN-US>res</span>的最低<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>比特是根据当前进程用户与文件的关系选择出来的访问属性位。现在我们</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ж���<span lang=EN-US>3</span>���ء�����ļ����Ծ��в�������ѯ������λ<span
-lang=EN-US>mode</span>����������ɣ�����<span lang=EN-US>0</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>来判断这<span lang=EN-US>3</span>比特。如果文件属性具有参数所查询的属性位<span
+lang=EN-US>mode</span>，则访问许可，返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if ((res &amp; 0007 &amp; mode) == mode)</span></p>
@@ -68292,21 +68292,21 @@ suser() routine, it needs to be called last. </i></b></span></p>
 /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* XXX </span>��������������Ĳ��ԣ���Ϊ����ʵ������Ҫ������Ч�û�<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>��</p>
+* XXX </span>我们最后才做下面的测试，因为我们实际上需要交换有效用户<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>和</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>��ʵ�û�<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>����ʱ�أ���Ȼ��ŵ���<span lang=EN-US>suser()</span>�������������ȷʵҪ����</p>
+* </span>真实用户<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>（临时地），然后才调用<span lang=EN-US>suser()</span>函数。如果我们确实要调用</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* suser()</span>����������Ҫ���ű����á�</p>
+* suser()</span>函数，则需要最后才被调用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ�û�<span
-lang=EN-US>ID</span>Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�������û�������������ִ��λ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ļ����Ա��κ���ִ�С���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前用户<span
+lang=EN-US>ID</span>为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（超级用户）并且屏蔽码执行位是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>或者文件可以被任何人执行、搜</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>索，则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。否则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if ((!<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;uid) &amp;&amp;</span></p>
@@ -68319,18 +68319,18 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EACCES</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����룺�޷���Ȩ�ޡ�</p>
+// </span>出错码：无访问权限。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ı䵱ǰ����Ŀ¼ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>改变当前工作目录系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>��Ŀ¼����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>是目录名。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ɹ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>操作成功则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_chdir</span></u>(const char * filename)</span></p>
@@ -68342,21 +68342,21 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ı䵱ǰ����Ŀ¼����Ҫ��ѽ�������ṹ�ĵ�ǰ����Ŀ¼�ֶ�ָ�����Ŀ¼����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>改变当前工作目录就是要求把进程任务结构的当前工作目录字段指向给定目录名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������ȡĿ¼����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣���Ŀ¼����Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㲻���ڣ��򷵻س����롣�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因此我们首先取目录名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。如果目录名对应的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点不存在，则返回出错码。如果该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ㲻��һ��Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��Żظ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�����س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点不是一个目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，则放回该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(inode = <u><span style='color:blue'>namei</span></u>(filename)))</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOENT</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����룺�ļ���Ŀ¼�����ڡ�</p>
+// </span>出错码：文件或目录不存在。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!<u><span style='color:blue'>S_ISDIR</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_mode)) {</span></p>
@@ -68366,14 +68366,14 @@ if (!<u><span style='color:blue'>S_ISDIR</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_mode)) {</span><
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOTDIR</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����룺����Ŀ¼����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>出错码：不是目录名。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���ͷŽ���ԭ����Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��ʹ��ָ�������õĹ���Ŀ¼<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后释放进程原工作目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并使其指向新设置的工作目录<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>iput</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;pwd);</span></p>
@@ -68388,13 +68388,13 @@ return (0);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ı��Ŀ¼ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>改变根目录系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ����Ŀ¼�����ó�Ϊ��ǰ���̵ĸ�Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>'/'</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把指定的目录名设置成为当前进程的根目录<span
+lang=EN-US>'/'</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ɹ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果操作成功则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_chroot</span></u>(const char * filename)</span></p>
@@ -68406,14 +68406,14 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�õ������ڸı䵱ǰ��������ṹ�еĸ�Ŀ¼�ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>root</span>������ָ���������Ŀ¼����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该调用用于改变当前进程任务结构中的根目录字段<span
+lang=EN-US>root</span>，让其指向参数给定目录名的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ŀ¼����Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㲻���ڣ��򷵻س����롣�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㲻��Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��Żظ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果目录名对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点不存在，则返回出错码。如果该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点不是目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，则放回该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ㣬Ҳ���س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点，也返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(inode=<u><span style='color:blue'>namei</span></u>(filename)))</span></p>
@@ -68434,9 +68434,9 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOTDIR</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���ͷŵ�ǰ���̵ĸ�Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬����������Ϊָ��Ŀ¼����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后释放当前进程的根目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并重新设置为指定目录名的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -68455,13 +68455,13 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�޸��ļ�����ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>修改文件属性系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>���ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>mode</span>���µ��ļ����ԡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>是文件名，<span
+lang=EN-US>mode</span>是新的文件属性。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ɹ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若操作成功则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_chmod</span></u>(const char *
@@ -68477,16 +68477,16 @@ style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>109</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�õ���Ϊָ���ļ������µķ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>mode</span>���ļ��ķ����������ļ�����Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��У����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该调用为指定文件设置新的访问属性<span
+lang=EN-US>mode</span>。文件的访问属性在文件名对应的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点中，因此</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ȡ�ļ�����Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㲻���ڣ��򷵻س����루�ļ���Ŀ¼�����ڣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>我们首先取文件名对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。如果<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点不存在，则返回出错码（文件或目录不存在）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰ���̵���Ч�û�<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>���ļ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���û�<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��ͬ������Ҳ���ǳ����û�����Żظ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前进程的有效用户<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>与文件<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的用户<span lang=EN-US>id</span>不同，并且也不是超级用户，则放回该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���س����루û�з���Ȩ�ޣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回出错码（没有访问权限）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(inode=<u><span
@@ -68512,9 +68512,9 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EACCES</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>115</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������ø�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���ļ����ԣ����ø�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����޸ı�־���Żظ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则就重新设置该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的文件属性，并置该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已修改标志。放回该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; inode-&gt;i_mode =
@@ -68537,14 +68537,14 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>121</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�޸��ļ�����ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>修改文件宿主系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>���ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>uid</span>���û���ʶ��<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�û�<span lang=EN-US>ID)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>gid</span>����<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>是文件名，<span
+lang=EN-US>uid</span>是用户标识符<span lang=EN-US>(</span>用户<span lang=EN-US>ID)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>gid</span>是组<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ɹ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若操作成功则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_chown</span></u>(const char *
@@ -68560,13 +68560,13 @@ style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>125</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�õ������������ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��е��û�����<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>���������Ҫȡ�ø����ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该调用用于设置文件<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点中的用户和组<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>，因此首先要取得给定文件名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。如果文</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㲻���ڣ��򷵻س����루�ļ���Ŀ¼�����ڣ��������ǰ���̲��ǳ����û���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>件名的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点不存在，则返回出错码（文件或目录不存在）。如果当前进程不是超级用户，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Żظ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�����س����루û�з���Ȩ�ޣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则放回该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并返回出错码（没有访问权限）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>126</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(inode=<u><span
@@ -68591,12 +68591,12 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EACCES</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>131</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ǿ��ò����ṩ��ֵ�������ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���û�<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>����<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ѿ��޸ı�־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则我们就用参数提供的值来设置文件<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的用户<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>和组<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>，并置<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点已经修改标志，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Żظ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>放回该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>132</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -68622,16 +68622,16 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����ַ��豸���͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>检查字符设备类型。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú��������������ļ���ϵͳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>sys_open()</span>�����ڼ�����򿪵��ļ���<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն��ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数仅用于下面文件打开系统调用<span
+lang=EN-US>sys_open()</span>，用于检查若打开的文件是<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端字符设</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ����Ҫ�Ե�ǰ���̵����úͶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�������á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>备时，需要对当前进程的设置和对<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>表的设置。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��⴦���ɹ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>-1</span>��ʾʧ�ܣ���Ӧ�ַ��豸���ܴ򿪡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>检测处理成功，返回<span
+lang=EN-US>-1</span>表示失败，对应字符设备不能打开。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>check_char_dev</span></u>(struct
@@ -68647,36 +68647,36 @@ style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u> *tty;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int min;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>���豸�š�</p>
+</span>子设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֻ�������豸����<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>��<span lang=EN-US>/dev/ttyxx</span>�ļ�����<span lang=EN-US>5</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>/dev/tty</span>�ļ����������<span lang=EN-US>/dev/tty</span>�����豸</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>只处理主设备号是<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>（<span lang=EN-US>/dev/ttyxx</span>文件）或<span lang=EN-US>5</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>/dev/tty</span>文件）的情况。<span lang=EN-US>/dev/tty</span>的子设备</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����һ�������п����նˣ������ǽ��̿����ն��豸��ͬ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>/dev/tty</span>�豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。如果一个进程有控制终端，则它是进程控制终端设备的同义名。即<span
+lang=EN-US>/dev/tty</span>设备是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ�������豸������Ӧ������ʵ��ʹ�õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>/dev/ttyxx</span>�豸֮һ������һ��������˵��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一个虚拟设备，它对应到进程实际使用的<span
+lang=EN-US>/dev/ttyxx</span>设备之一。对于一个进程来说，若其有</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����նˣ���ô��������ṹ�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ֶν���<span lang=EN-US>4</span>���豸��ĳһ�����豸�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制终端，那么它的任务结构中的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>字段将是<span lang=EN-US>4</span>号设备的某一个子设备号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����򿪲������ļ��� <span
-lang=EN-US>/dev/tty</span>����<span lang=EN-US>MAJOR(dev) = 5</span>������ô������<span
-lang=EN-US>min = </span>��������ṹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果打开操作的文件是 <span
+lang=EN-US>/dev/tty</span>（即<span lang=EN-US>MAJOR(dev) = 5</span>），那么我们令<span
+lang=EN-US>min = </span>进程任务结构</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�е�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ֶΣ���ȡ<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>���豸�����豸�š���������򿪵���ĳ��<span lang=EN-US>4</span>���豸����ֱ��ȡ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>字段，即取<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>号设备的子设备号。否则如果打开的是某个<span lang=EN-US>4</span>号设备，则直接取其子</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�豸�š�����õ���<span
-lang=EN-US> 4</span>���豸���豸��С��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ô˵������û�п����նˣ������豸�Ŵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设备号。如果得到的<span
+lang=EN-US> 4</span>号设备子设备号小于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，那么说明进程没有控制终端，或者设备号错</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>
--1</span>����ʾ���ڽ���û�п����նˣ����߲��ܴ�����豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>误，则返回<span lang=EN-US>
+-1</span>，表示由于进程没有控制终端，或者不能打开这个设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>144</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if (<u><span
@@ -68707,29 +68707,29 @@ if (min &lt; 0)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return
 -1;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��α�ն��豸�ļ�ֻ�ܱ����̶�ռʹ�á�������豸�ű�����һ����α�նˣ����Ҹô��ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>主伪终端设备文件只能被进程独占使用。如果子设备号表明是一个主伪终端，并且该打开文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i </span>�ڵ����ü�������<span
-lang=EN-US> 1</span>����˵�����豸�ѱ���������ʹ�á���˲����ٴ򿪸��ַ��豸�ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i </span>节点引用计数大于<span
+lang=EN-US> 1</span>，则说明该设备已被其他进程使用。因此不能再打开该字符设备文件，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ƿ���<span lang=EN-US>
--1</span>������������<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹָ��<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>���ж�Ӧ�ṹ������ļ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于是返回<span lang=EN-US>
+-1</span>。否则，我们让<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构指针<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>指向<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>表中对应结构项。若打开文件操作标</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>־<span lang=EN-US>flag</span>�в�����������ն˱�־<span
-lang=EN-US>O_NOCTTY</span>�����ҽ����ǽ��������죬���ҵ�ǰ����û�п���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>志<span lang=EN-US>flag</span>中不含无需控制终端标志<span
+lang=EN-US>O_NOCTTY</span>，并且进程是进程组首领，并且当前进程没有控制</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�նˣ�����<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>session</span>�ֶ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ���ն˻������κν�����Ŀ����նˣ�����ô</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>终端，并且<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构中<span
+lang=EN-US>session</span>字端为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（表示该终端还不是任何进程组的控制终端），那么</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ϊ������������ն��豸 <span
-lang=EN-US>min </span>Ϊ������նˡ��������ý�������ṹ�ն��豸���ֶ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>就允许为进程设置这个终端设备 <span
+lang=EN-US>min </span>为其控制终端。于是设置进程任务结构终端设备号字段</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>ֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>min</span>���������ö�Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ�ĻỰ��<span lang=EN-US>session</span>�ͽ������<span
-lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>�ֱ���ڽ��̵Ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>值等于<span
+lang=EN-US>min</span>，并且设置对应<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构的会话号<span lang=EN-US>session</span>和进程组号<span
+lang=EN-US>pgrp</span>分别等于进程的会</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���źͽ�����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>话号和进程组号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>151</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -68776,19 +68776,19 @@ tty-&gt;pgrp = <u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;pgrp;</span></
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ļ�������־<span
-lang=EN-US>flag</span>�к���<span lang=EN-US>O_NONBLOCK</span>������������־����������Ҫ�Ը��ַ��ն�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果打开文件操作标志<span
+lang=EN-US>flag</span>中含有<span lang=EN-US>O_NONBLOCK</span>（非阻塞）标志，则我们需要对该字符终端</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�豸����������ã�����Ϊ�����������Ҫ��ȡ�������ַ���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ó�ʱ��ʱֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设备进行相关设置，设置为满足读操作需要读取的最少字符数为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，设置超时定时值为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ն��豸���óɷǹ淶ģʽ����������ʽֻ�ܹ����ڷǹ淶ģʽ���ڴ�ģʽ�µ�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>并把终端设备设置成非规范模式。非阻塞方式只能工作于非规范模式。在此模式下当<span
 lang=EN-US>VMIN</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>VTIME</span>������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ʱ�������������ж���֧�����̾Ͷ�ȡ�����ַ��������̷��ء��μ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和<span lang=EN-US>VTIME</span>均设置为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>时，辅助队列中有多少支付进程就读取多少字符，并立刻返回。参见</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // include/termios.h</span>�ļ����˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // include/termios.h</span>文件后的说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -68827,30 +68827,30 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�򿪣��򴴽����ļ�ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>打开（或创建）文件系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>���ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>flag</span>�Ǵ��ļ���־������ȡֵ��<span lang=EN-US>O_RDONLY</span>��ֻ������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>是文件名，<span
+lang=EN-US>flag</span>是打开文件标志，它可取值：<span lang=EN-US>O_RDONLY</span>（只读）、<span
 lang=EN-US>O_WRONLY</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֻд����<span lang=EN-US>O_RDWR</span>����д�����Լ�<span
-lang=EN-US>O_CREAT</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>O_EXCL</span>���������ļ����벻���ڣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（只写）或<span lang=EN-US>O_RDWR</span>（读写），以及<span
+lang=EN-US>O_CREAT</span>（创建）、<span lang=EN-US>O_EXCL</span>（被创建文件必须不存在）、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // O_APPEND</span>�����ļ�β�������ݣ�������һЩ��־����ϣ���������ô�����һ�����ļ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // O_APPEND</span>（在文件尾添加数据）等其他一些标志的组合，如果本调用创建了一个新文件，则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // mode</span>������ָ���ļ����������ԡ���Щ������<span
-lang=EN-US>S_IRWXU</span>���ļ��������ж���д��ִ��Ȩ�ޣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // mode</span>就用于指定文件的许可属性。这些属性有<span
+lang=EN-US>S_IRWXU</span>（文件宿主具有读、写和执行权限）、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // S_IRUSR</span>���û����ж��ļ�Ȩ�ޣ���<span
-lang=EN-US>S_IRWXG</span>�����Ա���ж���д��ִ��Ȩ�ޣ��ȵȡ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // S_IRUSR</span>（用户具有读文件权限）、<span
+lang=EN-US>S_IRWXG</span>（组成员具有读、写和执行权限）等等。对于新</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ļ�����Щ����ֻӦ���ڽ������ļ��ķ��ʣ�������ֻ���ļ��Ĵ򿪵���Ҳ������һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>创建的文件，这些属性只应用于将来对文件的访问，创建了只读文件的打开调用也将返回一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ɶ�д���ļ������������ò����ɹ����򷵻��ļ����<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�ļ�������<span lang=EN-US>)</span>�����򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个可读写的文件句柄。如果调用操作成功，则返回文件句柄<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>文件描述符<span lang=EN-US>)</span>，否则返回出错码。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�μ�<span lang=EN-US>sys/stat.h</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>fcntl.h</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参见<span lang=EN-US>sys/stat.h</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>fcntl.h</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_open</span></u>(const char *
@@ -68873,12 +68873,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i,fd;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȶԲ������д��������û����õ��ļ�ģʽ�ͽ���ģʽ���������룬�������ɵ��ļ�ģʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先对参数进行处理。将用户设置的文件模式和进程模式屏蔽码相与，产生许可的文件模式。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ��Ϊ���ļ�����һ���ļ��������Ҫ�������̽ṹ���ļ��ṹָ�����飬�Բ���һ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为了为打开文件建立一个文件句柄，需要搜索进程结构中文件结构指针数组，以查找一个空</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������������<span
-lang=EN-US>fd</span>���Ǿ��ֵ�����Ѿ�û�п�����򷵻س����루������Ч����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>闲项。空闲项的索引号<span
+lang=EN-US>fd</span>即是句柄值。若已经没有空闲项，则返回出错码（参数无效）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>177</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mode &amp;= 0777
@@ -68891,7 +68891,7 @@ style='color:blue'>NR_OPEN</span></u> ; fd++)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>179</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if
 (!<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;filp[fd])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ҵ������</p>
+// </span>找到空闲项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>180</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -68905,35 +68905,35 @@ style='color:blue'>NR_OPEN</span></u>)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���������õ�ǰ���̵�ִ��ʱ�ر��ļ������<span
-lang=EN-US>close_on_exec</span>��λͼ����λ��Ӧ�ı���λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后我们设置当前进程的执行时关闭文件句柄（<span
+lang=EN-US>close_on_exec</span>）位图，复位对应的比特位。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // close_on_exec </span>��һ�����������ļ������λͼ��־��ÿ������λ����һ�����ŵ��ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // close_on_exec </span>是一个进程所有文件句柄的位图标志。每个比特位代表一个打开着的文件描</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ȷ���ڵ���ϵͳ���� <span
-lang=EN-US>execve()</span>ʱ��Ҫ�رյ��ļ������������ʹ�� <span lang=EN-US>fork()</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>述符，用于确定在调用系统调用 <span
+lang=EN-US>execve()</span>时需要关闭的文件句柄。当程序使用 <span lang=EN-US>fork()</span>函数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������һ���ӽ���ʱ��ͨ�����ڸ��ӽ����е���<span
-lang=EN-US>execve()</span>��������ִ����һ���³��򡣴�ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>创建了一个子进程时，通常会在该子进程中调用<span
+lang=EN-US>execve()</span>函数加载执行另一个新程序。此时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ӽ����п�ʼִ���³�����һ���ļ������<span
-lang=EN-US>close_on_exec</span>�еĶ�Ӧ����λ����λ����ô</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>子进程中开始执行新程序。若一个文件句柄在<span
+lang=EN-US>close_on_exec</span>中的对应比特位被置位，那么</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ��<span lang=EN-US>execve()</span>ʱ�ö�Ӧ�ļ���������رգ�������ļ������ʼ�մ��ڴ�״̬������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在执行<span lang=EN-US>execve()</span>时该对应文件句柄将被关闭，否则该文件句柄将始终处于打开状态。当打开</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ���ļ�ʱ��Ĭ��������ļ�������ӽ�����Ҳ���ڴ�״̬���������Ҫ��λ��Ӧ����λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一个文件时，默认情况下文件句柄在子进程中也处于打开状态。因此这里要复位对应比特位。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��Ϊ���ļ����ļ�����Ѱ��һ�����нṹ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>f</span>ָ���ļ������鿪ʼ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后为打开文件在文件表中寻找一个空闲结构项。我们令<span
+lang=EN-US>f</span>指向文件表数组开始处。搜索空</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ��ṹ����ü���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��������Ѿ�û�п����ļ����ṹ��򷵻س����롣���⣬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>闲文件结构项（引用计数为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的项），若已经没有空闲文件表结构项，则返回出错码。另外，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>184</span>���ϵ�ָ�븳ֵ
-<span lang=EN-US>&quot;0+file_table &quot; </span>��ͬ�� <span lang=EN-US>&quot;file_table&quot;
-</span>�� <span lang=EN-US>&quot;&amp;file_table[0]&quot;</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>184</span>行上的指针赋值
+<span lang=EN-US>&quot;0+file_table &quot; </span>等同于 <span lang=EN-US>&quot;file_table&quot;
+</span>和 <span lang=EN-US>&quot;&amp;file_table[0]&quot;</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������д���ܸ�������һЩ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>不过这样写可能更能明了一些。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>183</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -68959,17 +68959,17 @@ style='color:blue'>NR_FILE</span></u>)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ�����ý��̶�Ӧ�ļ����<span
-lang=EN-US>fd</span>���ļ��ṹָ��ָ�����������ļ��ṹ�������ļ����ü���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时我们让进程对应文件句柄<span
+lang=EN-US>fd</span>的文件结构指针指向搜索到的文件结构，并令文件引用计数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ȼ����ú���<span
-lang=EN-US>open_namei()</span>ִ�д򿪲�����������ֵС��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����˵�������������ͷ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>递增<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。然后调用函数<span
+lang=EN-US>open_namei()</span>执行打开操作，若返回值小于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则说明出错，于是释放</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����뵽���ļ��ṹ�����س�����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�����ļ��򿪲����ɹ�����<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>���Ѵ��ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>刚申请到的文件结构，返回出错码<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>。若文件打开操作成功，则<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>是已打开文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (<u><span
@@ -68995,27 +68995,27 @@ return i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ѵ��ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�������ֶΣ����ǿ���֪���ļ������͡����ڲ�ͬ���͵��ļ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据已打开文件<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的属性字段，我们可以知道文件的类型。对于不同类型的文件，我们</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ҫ��һЩ�ر����� ����򿪵����ַ��豸�ļ�����ô���Ǿ�Ҫ����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>需要作一些特别处理。 如果打开的是字符设备文件，那么我们就要调用<span
 lang=EN-US>check_char_dev()</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������鵱ǰ�����Ƿ��ܴ�����ַ��豸�ļ��������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������ô��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数来检查当前进程是否能打开这个字符设备文件。如果允许（函数返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>），那么在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // check_char_dev()</span>�л���ݾ����ļ��򿪱�־Ϊ�������ÿ����նˡ�
-�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // check_char_dev()</span>中会根据具体文件打开标志为进程设置控制终端。
+如果不允许打开</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʹ�ø��ַ��豸�ļ�����ô����ֻ���ͷ�����������ļ���;����Դ�����س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>使用该字符设备文件，那么我们只能释放上面申请的文件项和句柄资源，返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>195</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* ttys are somewhat special (ttyxx major==4, tty major==5)
 */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* ttys</span>��Щ���⣨<span
-lang=EN-US>ttyxx</span>�����豸��<span lang=EN-US>==4</span>��<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�����豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>==5</span>��<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* ttys</span>有些特殊（<span
+lang=EN-US>ttyxx</span>的主设备号<span lang=EN-US>==4</span>，<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>的主设备号<span
+lang=EN-US>==5</span>）<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>196</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -69042,20 +69042,20 @@ f-&gt;f_count=0;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>201</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EAGAIN</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ţ���Դ��ʱ�����á�</p>
+// </span>出错号：资源暂时不可用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>202</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����򿪵��ǿ��豸�ļ���������Ƭ�Ƿ��������������������Ҫ�ø��ٻ������и��豸</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果打开的是块设备文件，则检查盘片是否更换过。若更换过则需要让高速缓冲区中该设备</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����л����ʧЧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的所有缓冲块失效。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>203</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* Likewise with block-devices: check for floppy_change */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ͬ�����ڿ��豸�ļ�����Ҫ�����Ƭ�Ƿ񱻸���<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>同样对于块设备文件：需要检查盘片是否被更换<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
@@ -69066,11 +69066,11 @@ style='color:blue'>S_ISBLK</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_mode))</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>check_disk_change</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_zone[0]);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ǳ�ʼ�����ļ����ļ��ṹ�������ļ��ṹ���Ժͱ�־���þ�����ü���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在我们初始化打开文件的文件结构。设置文件结构属性和标志，置句柄引用计数为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，并</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ֶ�Ϊ���ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��ʼ���ļ���дָ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����󷵻��ļ�����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点字段为打开文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，初始化文件读写指针为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。最后返回文件句柄号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>206</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; f-&gt;f_mode =
@@ -69099,12 +69099,12 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ļ�ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>创建文件系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>pathname</span>��·������<span
-lang=EN-US>mode</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>sys_open()</span>������ͬ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>pathname</span>是路径名，<span
+lang=EN-US>mode</span>与上面的<span lang=EN-US>sys_open()</span>函数相同。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ɹ��򷵻��ļ���������򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>成功则返回文件句柄，否则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>214</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_creat</span></u>(const char *
@@ -69124,11 +69124,11 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>218</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ر��ļ�ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>关闭文件系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>���ļ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>是文件句柄。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ɹ��򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>成功则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>219</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_close</span></u>(unsigned int
@@ -69144,13 +69144,13 @@ style='color:blue'>file</span></u> * filp;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>222</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ�������Ч�ԡ����������ļ����ֵ���ڳ���ͬʱ�ܴ򿪵��ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>NR_OPEN</span>���򷵻�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检查参数有效性。若给出的文件句柄值大于程序同时能打开的文件数<span
+lang=EN-US>NR_OPEN</span>，则返回</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����루������Ч����Ȼ��λ���̵�ִ��ʱ�ر��ļ����λͼ��Ӧλ�������ļ������Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>出错码（参数无效）。然后复位进程的执行时关闭文件句柄位图对应位。若该文件句柄对应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ��ṹָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>���򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的文件结构指针是<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>223</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (fd &gt;= <u><span
@@ -69172,17 +69172,17 @@ style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;filp[fd]))</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ø��ļ�������ļ��ṹָ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�����ڹر��ļ�֮ǰ����Ӧ�ļ��ṹ�еľ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在置该文件句柄的文件结构指针为<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。若在关闭文件之前，对应文件结构中的句柄引用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ѿ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����˵���ں˳�����ͣ�������򽫶�Ӧ�ļ��ṹ�����ü�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����ʱ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>计数已经为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则说明内核出错，停机。否则将对应文件结构的引用计数减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。此时如果它还</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����˵����������������ʹ�ø��ļ������Ƿ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ɹ�����������ü����ѵ���<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>不为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则说明有其他进程正在使用该文件，于是返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>（成功）。如果引用计数已等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>˵�����ļ��Ѿ�û�н������ã����ļ��ṹ�ѱ�Ϊ���С����ͷŸ��ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>说明该文件已经没有进程引用，该文件结构已变为空闲。则释放该文件<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -69235,7 +69235,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448023"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447427"></a><a name="_Toc53320647"><span lang=EN-US>12.14 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12-14 linux/fs/exec.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>12-14 linux/fs/exec.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -69266,8 +69266,8 @@ linux/fs/exec.c</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * #!</span>��ʼ�Ľű�����ļ����벿������<span
-lang=EN-US>tytso</span>ʵ�ֵġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * #!</span>开始的脚本程序的检测代码部分是由<span
+lang=EN-US>tytso</span>实现的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -69297,70 +69297,70 @@ was less than 2 hours work to get demand-loading completely implemented.</i></b>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ʱ����ʵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>1991.12.1 - </span>ֻ�轫ִ���ļ�ͷ�������ڴ�����뽫����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>需求时加载实现于<span
+lang=EN-US>1991.12.1 - </span>只需将执行文件头部读进内存而无须将整个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ִ���ļ������ؽ��ڴ档ִ���ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㱻���ڵ�ǰ���̵Ŀ�ִ���ֶ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>执行文件都加载进内存。执行文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点被放在当前进程的可执行字段中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * &quot;current-&gt;executable&quot;</span>��ҳ�쳣�����ִ���ļ���ʵ�ʼ��ز��������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * &quot;current-&gt;executable&quot;</span>，页异常会进行执行文件的实际加载操作。这很完美。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ҿ�����һ���Ժ���˵��<span
-lang=EN-US>linux</span>�������޸ģ�ֻ���˲���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>Сʱ�Ĺ���ʱ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>我可以再一次自豪地说，<span
+lang=EN-US>linux</span>经得起修改：只用了不到<span lang=EN-US>2</span>小时的工作时间就</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ȫʵ����������ش�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>完全实现了需求加载处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
-#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ź�ͷ�ļ��������źŷ��ų������źŽṹ���źŲ�������ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号头文件。定义信号符号常量，信号结构及信号操作函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
-#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���ͷ�ļ�����Ҫ������һЩ�й��ַ���������Ƕ�뺯����</p>
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串头文件。主要定义了一些有关字符串操作的嵌入函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�״̬ͷ�ļ��������ļ�״̬�ṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>�ͷ��ų����ȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件状态头文件。含有文件状态结构<span
+lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>和符号常量等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
-#include &lt;a.out.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // a.out</span>ͷ�ļ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>a.out</span>ִ���ļ���ʽ��һЩ�ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;a.out.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // a.out</span>头文件。定义了<span
+lang=EN-US>a.out</span>执行文件格式和一些宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/fs.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�ϵͳͷ�ļ��������ļ����ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>file</span>��<span lang=EN-US>m_inode</span>���ȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/fs.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件系统头文件。定义文件表结构（<span
+lang=EN-US>file</span>、<span lang=EN-US>m_inode</span>）等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/mm.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ����ͷ�ļ�������ҳ���С�����һЩҳ���ͷź���ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/mm.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存管理头文件。含有页面大小定义和一些页面释放函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_exit</span></u>(int exit_code);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�˳�����ϵͳ���á�</p>
+// </span>退出程序系统调用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_close</span></u>(int fd);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ر��ļ�ϵͳ���á�</p>
+// </span>关闭文件系统调用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -69379,10 +69379,10 @@ a maximum env+arg of 128kB !</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * MAX_ARG_PAGES</span>������Ϊ�³������ĸ������ͻ�������ʹ�õ�����ڴ�ҳ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * MAX_ARG_PAGES</span>定义了为新程序分配的给参数和环境变量使用的最大内存页数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 32</span>ҳ�ڴ�Ӧ���㹻�ˣ���ʹ�û����Ͳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>env+arg</span>���ռ���ܺʹﵽ<span lang=EN-US>128kB!</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 32</span>页内存应该足够了，这使得环境和参数（<span
+lang=EN-US>env+arg</span>）空间的总和达到<span lang=EN-US>128kB!</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -69393,18 +69393,18 @@ lang=EN-US>env+arg</span>���ռ���ܺʹﵽ<span lang=EN-US>128kB!</spa
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ʹ�ÿ��ļ�ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>使用库文件系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>library
-- </span>���ļ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>library
+- </span>库文件名。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ����ѡ��һ�����ļ������滻���̵�ǰ���ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ֶ�ֵΪ����ָ�����ļ�����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为进程选择一个库文件，并替换进程当前库文件<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点字段值为这里指定库文件名的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ�롣���<span lang=EN-US>library</span>ָ��Ϊ�գ���ѽ��̵�ǰ�Ŀ��ļ��ͷŵ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针。如果<span lang=EN-US>library</span>指针为空，则把进程当前的库文件释放掉。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��ɹ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：成功返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_uselib</span></u>(const char * library)</span></p>
@@ -69419,17 +69419,17 @@ unsigned long base;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϵ�ǰ�����Ƿ���ͨ���̡�����ͨ���鿴��ǰ���̵Ŀռ䳤���������ġ���Ϊ��ͨ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断当前进程是否普通进程。这是通过查看当前进程的空间长度来做到的。因为普通进</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�̵Ŀռ䳤�ȱ�����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>TASK_SIZE</span>��<span lang=EN-US>64MB</span>��������������߼���ַ�ռ䳤�Ȳ�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程的空间长度被设置为<span
+lang=EN-US>TASK_SIZE</span>（<span lang=EN-US>64MB</span>）。因此若进程逻辑地址空间长度不等于<span
 lang=EN-US>TASK_SIZE</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�򷵻س����루��Ч������������ȡ���ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>�������ļ���ָ��գ�������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则返回出错码（无效参数）。否则取库文件<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>。若库文件名指针空，则设置<span
 lang=EN-US>inode</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等于<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;if (<u><span style='color:blue'>get_limit</span></u>(0x17) != <u><span
@@ -69447,7 +69447,7 @@ if (!(inode=<u><span style='color:blue'>namei</span></u>(library)))&nbsp;&nbsp;&
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOENT</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>ȡ���ļ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>取库文件<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 } else</span></p>
@@ -69458,16 +69458,16 @@ inode = <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u> <b><i>/*
 we should check filetypes (headers etc), but we don't */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����Ӧ�ü��һ���ļ����ͣ���ͷ����Ϣ�ȣ����������ǻ�û����������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>我们应该检查一下文件类型（如头部信息等），但是我们还没有这样做。<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��Żؽ���ԭ���ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬��Ԥ�ý��̿�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ֶ�Ϊ�ա�����ȡ�ý��̵Ŀ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后放回进程原库文件<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并预置进程库<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点字段为空。接着取得进程的库代码所在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ�ã����ͷ�ԭ������ҳ������ռ�õ��ڴ�ҳ�档����ý��̿�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ֶ�ָ���¿�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位置，并释放原库代码的页表和所占用的内存页面。最后让进程库<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点字段指向新库<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�㣬������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���ɹ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>点，并返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（成功）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>iput</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;library);</span></p>
@@ -69512,20 +69512,20 @@ addresses on the &quot;stack&quot;, returning the new stack pointer value.</i></
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * create_tables()</span>�������������ڴ��н������������Ͳ����ַ������ɴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * create_tables()</span>函数在新任务内存中解析环境变量和参数字符串，由此</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ָ������������ǵĵ�ַ�ŵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;</span>ջ<span lang=EN-US>&quot;</span>�ϣ�Ȼ�󷵻���ջ��ָ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>创建指针表，并将它们的地址放到<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;</span>栈<span lang=EN-US>&quot;</span>上，然后返回新栈的指针值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��������ջ�д��������ͻ�������ָ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>在新任务栈中创建参数和环境变量指针表。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>p
--</span>���ݶ��в����ͻ�����Ϣƫ��ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>argc - </span>����������<span lang=EN-US>envc
-- </span>��������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>p
+-</span>数据段中参数和环境信息偏移指针；<span lang=EN-US>argc - </span>参数个数；<span lang=EN-US>envc
+- </span>环境变量个数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ�ջָ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：栈指针值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>
 static unsigned long * <u><span style='color:blue'>create_tables</span></u>(char
@@ -69542,27 +69542,27 @@ unsigned long * sp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ջָ������<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ڣ�Ϊ�߽����Ѱַ�ģ������������<span lang=EN-US> sp</span>Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>��������ֵ����ʱ<span lang=EN-US>sp</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>栈指针是以<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节（<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>节）为边界进行寻址的，因此这里需让<span lang=EN-US> sp</span>为<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>的整数倍值。此时<span lang=EN-US>sp</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ�ڲ�����������ĩ�ˡ�Ȼ�������Ȱ�<span
-lang=EN-US>sp </span>���£��͵�ַ�����ƶ�����ջ�пճ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位于参数环境表的末端。然后我们先把<span
+lang=EN-US>sp </span>向下（低地址方向）移动，在栈中空出环境变量</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��ռ�õĿռ䣬���û�������ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>envp </span>ָ��ô�����ճ���һ��λ�������������һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针占用的空间，并让环境变量指针<span
+lang=EN-US>envp </span>指向该处。多空出的一个位置用于在最后存放一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>ֵ������ָ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>sp</span>������ָ������ֽ�ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڣ����ٰ�<span
-lang=EN-US>sp</span>�����ƶ����ճ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>个<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>值。下面指针加<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，<span lang=EN-US>sp</span>将递增指针宽度字节值（<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节）。再把<span
+lang=EN-US>sp</span>向下移动，空出</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����в���ָ��ռ�õĿռ䣬����<span
-lang=EN-US>argv </span>ָ��ָ��ô���ͬ������մ���һ��λ�����ڴ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>命令行参数指针占用的空间，并让<span
+lang=EN-US>argv </span>指针指向该处。同样，多空处的一个位置用于存放</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ��<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>ֵ����ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>sp</span>ָ�����ָ������ʼ�������ǽ�����������ָ��<span lang=EN-US>envp</span>�������в�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一个<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>值。此时<span
+lang=EN-US>sp</span>指向参数指针块的起始处，我们将环境参数块指针<span lang=EN-US>envp</span>和命令行参</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ���Լ������в�������ֵ�ֱ�ѹ��ջ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数块指针以及命令行参数个数值分别压入栈中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 sp = (unsigned long *) (0xfffffffc &amp; (unsigned long) p);</span></p>
@@ -69570,7 +69570,7 @@ sp = (unsigned long *) (0xfffffffc &amp; (unsigned long) p);</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sp -= envc+1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��<span lang=EN-US>sp = sp - (envc+1);</span></p>
+</span>即<span lang=EN-US>sp = sp - (envc+1);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>envp</span></u> = sp;</span></p>
@@ -69592,9 +69592,9 @@ style='color:blue'>argv</span></u>,--sp);</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>put_fs_long</span></u>((unsigned long)argc,--sp);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ٽ������и�����ָ��ͻ���������ָ��ֱ����ǰ��ճ�������Ӧ�ط������ֱ����һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再将命令行各参数指针和环境变量各指针分别放入前面空出来的相应地方，最后分别放置一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while (argc--&gt;0) {</span></p>
@@ -69605,7 +69605,7 @@ style='color:blue'>argv</span></u>++);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while (<u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_byte</span></u>(p++)) <b><i>/*
-nothing */</i></b> ; // p</span>ָ��ָ����һ����������</p>
+nothing */</i></b> ; // p</span>指针指向下一个参数串。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
@@ -69623,7 +69623,7 @@ style='color:blue'>envp</span></u>++);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while (<u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_byte</span></u>(p++)) <b><i>/*
-nothing */</i></b> ; // p</span>ָ��ָ����һ����������</p>
+nothing */</i></b> ; // p</span>指针指向下一个参数串。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
@@ -69634,7 +69634,7 @@ blue'>envp</span></u>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return sp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ع���ĵ�ǰ��ջָ�롣</p>
+// </span>返回构造的当前新栈指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u> }</span></p>
 
@@ -69649,22 +69649,22 @@ count() counts the number of arguments/envelopes</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * count()</span>�������������в���<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>���������ĸ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * count()</span>函数计算命令行参数<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>环境变量的个数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>计算参数个数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>argv
-- </span>����ָ�����飬���һ��ָ������<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>argv
+- </span>参数指针数组，最后一个指针项是<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͳ�Ʋ���ָ��������ָ��ĸ��������ں�����������ָ���ָ������ã���μ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>统计参数指针数组中指针的个数。关于函数参数传递指针的指针的作用，请参见程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // kernel/sched.c</span>�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>171</span>��ǰ��ע�͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // kernel/sched.c</span>中第<span
+lang=EN-US>171</span>行前的注释。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：参数个数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>(char ** <u><span
@@ -69772,70 +69772,70 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'copy_string()'</span>�������û��ڴ�ռ俽������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�����ַ������ں˿���ҳ���С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'copy_string()'</span>函数从用户内存空间拷贝参数<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>环境字符串到内核空闲页面中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Щ�Ѿ���ֱ�ӷŵ����û��ڴ��еĸ�ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>这些已具有直接放到新用户内存中的格式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>TYT(Tytso)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1991.11.24</span>���޸ģ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>from_kmem</span>�������ò���ָ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>由<span
+lang=EN-US>TYT(Tytso)</span>于<span lang=EN-US>1991.11.24</span>日修改，增加了<span
+lang=EN-US>from_kmem</span>参数，该参数指明了</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ַ������ַ��������������û��λ����ں˶Ρ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>字符串或字符串数组是来自用户段还是内核段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * from_kmem&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>argv * &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US> argv **</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * from_kmem&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>指针<span
+lang=EN-US>argv * &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>字符串<span lang=EN-US> argv **</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�û��ռ�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�û��ռ�</p>
+0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>用户空间<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+</span>用户空间</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�ں˿ռ�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�û��ռ�</p>
+1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>内核空间<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+</span>用户空间</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�ں˿ռ�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�ں˿ռ�</p>
+2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>内核空间<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+</span>内核空间</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������ͨ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>�μĴ����������ġ����ڼ���һ���μĴ�������̫�ߣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>我们是通过巧妙处理<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>段寄存器来操作的。由于加载一个段寄存器代价太高，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������Ǿ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>set_fs()</span>������ʵ�ڱ�Ҫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>所以我们尽量避免调用<span
+lang=EN-US>set_fs()</span>，除非实在必要。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����ָ�������Ĳ����ַ����������ͻ����ռ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>复制指定个数的参数字符串到参数和环境空间中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>argc
-- </span>�����ӵĲ���������<span lang=EN-US>argv - </span>����ָ�����飻<span lang=EN-US>page -
-</span>�����ͻ����ռ�ҳ��ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>argc
+- </span>欲添加的参数个数；<span lang=EN-US>argv - </span>参数指针数组；<span lang=EN-US>page -
+</span>参数和环境空间页面指针</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���顣<span lang=EN-US>p
--</span>�������ռ���ƫ��ָ�룬ʼ��ָ���Ѹ��ƴ���ͷ����<span lang=EN-US>from_kmem -</span>�ַ�����Դ��־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数组。<span lang=EN-US>p
+-</span>参数表空间中偏移指针，始终指向已复制串的头部；<span lang=EN-US>from_kmem -</span>字符串来源标志。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�� <span lang=EN-US>do_execve()</span>�����У�<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>��ʼ��Ϊָ�������<span lang=EN-US>(128kB)</span>�ռ�����һ�����ִ��������ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在 <span lang=EN-US>do_execve()</span>函数中，<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>初始化为指向参数表<span lang=EN-US>(128kB)</span>空间的最后一个长字处，参数字符串</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Զ�ջ������ʽ���������и��ƴ�ŵġ���� <span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>ָ������Ÿ�����Ϣ�����Ӷ��𽥼�С��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是以堆栈操作方式逆向往其中复制存放的。因此 <span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>指针会随着复制信息的增加而逐渐减小，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ��ָ������ַ�����ͷ�����ַ�����Դ��־<span
-lang=EN-US>from_kmem</span>Ӧ����<span lang=EN-US>TYT</span>Ϊ�˸�<span lang=EN-US>execve()</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并始终指向参数字符串的头部。字符串来源标志<span
+lang=EN-US>from_kmem</span>应该是<span lang=EN-US>TYT</span>为了给<span lang=EN-US>execve()</span>增添</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�нű��ļ��Ĺ��ܶ��¼ӵĲ�������û�����нű��ļ��Ĺ���ʱ�����в����ַ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行脚本文件的功能而新加的参数。当没有运行脚本文件的功能时，所有参数字符串都在用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ݿռ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>户数据空间中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ������ͻ����ռ䵱ǰͷ��ָ�롣�������򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：参数和环境空间当前头部指针。若出错则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>127</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>copy_strings</span></u>(int
@@ -69862,12 +69862,12 @@ old_fs, new_fs;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ��ǰ�μĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ds</span>��ָ���ں����ݶΣ���<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>ֵ���ֱ𱣴浽����<span
-lang=EN-US>new_fs</span>��<span lang=EN-US>old_fs</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先取当前段寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>ds</span>（指向内核数据段）和<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>值，分别保存到变量<span
+lang=EN-US>new_fs</span>和<span lang=EN-US>old_fs</span>中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ������ַ������飨ָ�룩�����ں˿ռ䣬������<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>�μĴ���ָ���ں����ݶΡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果字符串和字符串数组（指针）来自内核空间，则设置<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>段寄存器指向内核数据段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!p)</span></p>
@@ -69875,7 +69875,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!p)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>135</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* bullet-proofing */</i></b>&nbsp;
-/* </span>ƫ��ָ����֤<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>偏移指针验证<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>136</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; new_fs = <u><span
@@ -69887,25 +69887,25 @@ style='color:blue'>get_fs</span></u>();</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (from_kmem==2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������ָ�����ں˿ռ�������<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>ָ���ں˿ռ䡣</p>
+// </span>若串及其指针在内核空间则设置<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>指向内核空间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>set_fs</span></u>(new_fs);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��ѭ���������������������һ����������ʼ���ƣ����Ƶ�ָ��ƫ�Ƶ�ַ������ѭ���У�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后循环处理各个参数，从最后一个参数逆向开始复制，复制到指定偏移地址处。在循环中，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ��Ҫ���Ƶĵ�ǰ�ַ���ָ�롣����ַ������û��ռ���ַ������飨�ַ���ָ�룩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先取需要复制的当前字符串指针。如果字符串在用户空间而字符串数组（字符串指针）在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں˿ռ䣬������<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>�μĴ���ָ���ں����ݶΣ�<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>���������ں����ݿռ���ȡ���ַ���ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核空间，则设置<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>段寄存器指向内核数据段（<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>）。并在内核数据空间中取了字符串指针</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tmp</span>֮������ָ̻�<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>�μĴ���ԭֵ��<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>��ָ���û��ռ䣩���������޸�<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>ֵ��ֱ�Ӵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tmp</span>之后就立刻恢复<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>段寄存器原值（<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>再指回用户空间）。否则不用修改<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>值而直接从</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�û��ռ�ȡ�ַ���ָ�뵽<span
-lang=EN-US>tmp</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用户空间取字符串指针到<span
+lang=EN-US>tmp</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (argc-- &gt;
@@ -69913,8 +69913,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (argc-- &gt;
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (from_kmem == 1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ�����ں˿ռ䣬��<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>ָ���ں˿ռ䡣</p>
+if (from_kmem == 1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若串指针在内核空间，则<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>指向内核空间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -69931,22 +69931,22 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>145</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (from_kmem == 1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ�����ں˿ռ䣬��<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>ָ���û��ռ䡣</p>
+if (from_kmem == 1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若串指针在内核空间，则<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>指回用户空间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>146</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>set_fs</span></u>(old_fs);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����û��ռ�ȡ���ַ�����������ò����ַ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>len</span>�� �˺�<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>ָ����ַ���ĩ�ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后从用户空间取该字符串，并计算该参数字符串长度<span
+lang=EN-US>len</span>。 此后<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>指向该字符串末端。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ַ������ȳ�����ʱ�����ͻ����ռ��л�ʣ��Ŀ��г��ȣ���ռ䲻���ˡ����ǻָ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该字符串长度超过此时参数和环境空间中还剩余的空闲长度，则空间不够了。于是恢复</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // fs</span>�μĴ���ֵ��������ı�Ļ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��������Ϊ�����ͻ����ռ�����<span lang=EN-US>128KB</span>������ͨ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // fs</span>段寄存器值（如果被改变的话）并返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。不过因为参数和环境空间留有<span lang=EN-US>128KB</span>，所以通</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ܷ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>常不可能发生这种情况。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -69956,7 +69956,7 @@ remember zero-padding */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 do {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/*
-</span>����֪��������<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�ֽڽ�β��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+</span>我们知道串是以<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>字节结尾的<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -69974,7 +69974,7 @@ this shouldn't happen - 128kB */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>set_fs</span></u>(old_fs);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>���ᷢ��<span lang=EN-US>-</span>��Ϊ��<span lang=EN-US>128kB</span>�Ŀռ�<span
+/* </span>不会发生<span lang=EN-US>-</span>因为有<span lang=EN-US>128kB</span>的空间<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
@@ -69985,19 +69985,19 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������������ַ��ذ��ַ������Ƶ������ͻ����ռ�ĩ�˴�����ѭ�������ַ������ַ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着我们逆向逐个字符地把字符串复制到参数和环境空间末端处。在循环复制字符串的字符</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����У���������Ҫ�жϲ����ͻ����ռ�����Ӧλ�ô��Ƿ��Ѿ����ڴ�ҳ�档�����û�о�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>过程中，我们首先要判断参数和环境空间中相应位置处是否已经有内存页面。如果还没有就</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ�ڴ�ҳ�档ƫ����<span
-lang=EN-US>offset</span>������Ϊ��һ��ҳ���еĵ�ǰָ��ƫ��ֵ�� ��Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>先为其申请<span lang=EN-US>1</span>页内存页面。偏移量<span
+lang=EN-US>offset</span>被用作为在一个页面中的当前指针偏移值。 因为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�տ�ʼִ�б�����ʱ��ƫ�Ʊ���<span
-lang=EN-US>offset</span>����ʼ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span lang=EN-US>(offset-1
-&lt; 0)</span>�϶�������ʹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>刚开始执行本函数时，偏移变量<span
+lang=EN-US>offset</span>被初始化为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，所以<span lang=EN-US>(offset-1
+&lt; 0)</span>肯定成立而使得</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // offset</span>���±�����Ϊ��ǰ<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>ָ����ҳ�淶Χ�ڵ�ƫ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // offset</span>重新被设置为当前<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>指针在页面范围内的偏移值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -70017,7 +70017,7 @@ offset = p % <u><span style='color:blue'>PAGE_SIZE</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (from_kmem==2) // </span>�������ں˿ռ���<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>ָ���û��ռ䡣<span
+if (from_kmem==2) // </span>若串在内核空间则<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>指回用户空间。<span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
@@ -70025,14 +70025,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>set_fs</span></u>(old_fs);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǰƫ��ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>���ڵĴ��ռ�ҳ��ָ�������� <span lang=EN-US>page[p/PAGE_SIZE] ==0</span>����ʾ��ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果当前偏移值<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>所在的串空间页面指针数组项 <span lang=EN-US>page[p/PAGE_SIZE] ==0</span>，表示此时<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>指针</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ŀռ��ڴ�ҳ�滹�����ڣ���������һ�����ڴ�ҳ��������ҳ��ָ������ָ�����飬ͬ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>所处的空间内存页面还不存在，则需申请一空闲内存页，并将该页面指针填入指针数组，同</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʱҲʹҳ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pag</span>ָ�����ҳ�档�����벻������ҳ���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>时也使页面指针<span
+lang=EN-US>pag</span>指向该新页面。若申请不到空闲页面则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -70053,7 +70053,7 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (from_kmem==2) // </span>�������ں˿ռ���<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>ָ���ں˿ռ䡣</p>
+if (from_kmem==2) // </span>若串在内核空间则<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>指向内核空间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>166</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -70066,8 +70066,8 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>���и����ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽڵ������ͻ����ռ��ڴ�ҳ��<span lang=EN-US>pag</span>��<span lang=EN-US>offset</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后从<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>段中复制字符串的<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>字节到参数和环境空间内存页面<span lang=EN-US>pag</span>的<span lang=EN-US>offset</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>169</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -70080,10 +70080,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ������ַ����������ں˿ռ䣬��ָ�<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>�μĴ���ԭֵ����󣬷��ز����ͻ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果字符串和字符串数组在内核空间，则恢复<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>段寄存器原值。最后，返回参数和环境空</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ѹ��Ʋ�����ͷ��ƫ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>间中已复制参数的头部偏移值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>172</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (from_kmem==2)</span></p>
@@ -70101,20 +70101,20 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�޸�����ľֲ������������ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>修改任务的局部描述符表内容。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�޸ľֲ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>LDT</span>���������Ķλ�ַ�Ͷ��޳������������ͻ����ռ�ҳ����������ݶ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>修改局部描述符表<span
+lang=EN-US>LDT</span>中描述符的段基址和段限长，并将参数和环境空间页面放置在数据段</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ĩ�ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>末端。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>text_size
-- </span>ִ���ļ�ͷ����<span lang=EN-US>a_text</span>�ֶθ����Ĵ���γ���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>text_size
+- </span>执行文件头部中<span lang=EN-US>a_text</span>字段给出的代码段长度值；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // page - </span>�����ͻ����ռ�ҳ��ָ�����顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // page - </span>参数和环境空间页面指针数组。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ����ݶ��޳�ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>64MB</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：数据段限长值（<span
+lang=EN-US>64MB</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>177</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>change_ldt</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -70133,17 +70133,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>181</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȰѴ�������ݶγ��Ⱦ�����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>64MB</span>�� Ȼ��ȡ��ǰ���ֲ̾���������������������д�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先把代码和数据段长度均设置为<span
+lang=EN-US>64MB</span>。 然后取当前进程局部描述符表代码段描述符中代</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ�ַ������λ�ַ�����ݶλ�ַ��ͬ����ʹ����Щ��ֵ�������þֲ����д���κ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>码段基址。代码段基址与数据段基址相同。再使用这些新值重新设置局部表中代码段和数据</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������еĻ�ַ�Ͷ��޳���������ע�⣬���ڱ����ص��³���Ĵ�������ݶλ�ַ��ԭ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>段描述符中的基址和段限长。这里请注意，由于被加载的新程序的代码和数据段基址与原程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ͬ�����û�б�Ҫ���ظ�ȥ�������ǣ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>186</span>��<span lang=EN-US>188</span>���ϵ��������öλ�ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>序的相同，因此没有必要再重复去设置它们，即第<span
+lang=EN-US>186</span>和<span lang=EN-US>188</span>行上的两条设置段基址的语句</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���࣬��ʡ�ԡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>多余，可省略。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;code_limit = <u><span
@@ -70156,7 +70156,7 @@ style='color:blue'>TASK_SIZE</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>184</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; code_base = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>get_base</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;ldt[1]);&nbsp;
-// include/linux/sched.h</span>����<span lang=EN-US>226</span>�С�</p>
+// include/linux/sched.h</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>226</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>185</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; data_base =
@@ -70181,23 +70181,23 @@ style='color:blue'>set_limit</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>current</spa
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* make sure fs points to the NEW data segment */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>Ҫȷ��<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>�μĴ�����ָ���µ����ݶ�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>要确信<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>段寄存器已指向新的数据段<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // fs</span>�μĴ����з���ֲ������ݶ���������ѡ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(0x17)</span>����Ĭ�������<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>��ָ���������ݶΡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // fs</span>段寄存器中放入局部表数据段描述符的选择符<span
+lang=EN-US>(0x17)</span>。即默认情况下<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>都指向任务数据段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>191</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; __asm__(<i>&quot;pushl
 $0x17\n\tpop %%fs&quot;</i>::);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�󽫲����ͻ����ռ��Ѵ�����ݵ�ҳ�棨�����<span
-lang=EN-US>MAX_ARG_PAGES</span>ҳ��<span lang=EN-US>128kB</span>���ŵ����ݶ�ĩ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后将参数和环境空间已存放数据的页面（最多有<span
+lang=EN-US>MAX_ARG_PAGES</span>页，<span lang=EN-US>128kB</span>）放到数据段末</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ˡ� �����Ǵӽ��̿ռ�����λ�ÿ�ʼ������һҳһҳ�طš����ļ�����ռ�ý��̿ռ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>端。 方法是从进程空间库代码位置开始处逆向一页一页地放。库文件代码占用进程空间最后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 4MB</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>put_dirty_page()</span>���ڰ�����ҳ��ӳ�䵽�����߼��ռ��С���<span lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 4MB</span>。函数<span
+lang=EN-US>put_dirty_page()</span>用于把物理页面映射到进程逻辑空间中。在<span lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>192</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; data_base += data_limit
@@ -70214,7 +70214,7 @@ data_base -= <u><span style='color:blue'>PAGE_SIZE</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>195</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (page[i])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ҳ����ڣ��ͷ��ø�ҳ�档</p>
+// </span>若该页面存在，就放置该页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>196</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -70225,7 +70225,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>198</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return data_limit;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��󷵻����ݶ��޳���<span lang=EN-US>64MB</span>����</p>
+// </span>最后返回数据段限长（<span lang=EN-US>64MB</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>199</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -70254,48 +70254,48 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'do_execve()'</span>����ִ��һ���³���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'do_execve()'</span>函数执行一个新程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// execve()</span>ϵͳ�жϵ��ú��������ز�ִ���ӽ��̣��������򣩡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// execve()</span>系统中断调用函数。加载并执行子进程（其他程序）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�����ϵͳ�жϵ��ã�<span
-lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>�����ܺ�<span lang=EN-US>__NR_execve</span>���õĺ����������Ĳ����ǽ���ϵͳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数是系统中断调用（<span
+lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>）功能号<span lang=EN-US>__NR_execve</span>调用的函数。函数的参数是进入系统</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ô������̺�ֱ�����ñ�ϵͳ���ô������̣�<span
-lang=EN-US>system_call.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>200</span>�У��͵��ñ�����֮ǰ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>调用处理过程后直到调用本系统调用处理过程（<span
+lang=EN-US>system_call.s</span>第<span lang=EN-US>200</span>行）和调用本函数之前</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>system_call.s</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>203</span>�У���ѹ��ջ�е�ֵ����Щֵ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（<span lang=EN-US>system_call.s</span>，第<span
+lang=EN-US>203</span>行）逐步压入栈中的值。这些值包括：</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�� ��<span lang=EN-US>86--88</span>����ѵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>edx</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>�Ĵ���ֵ���ֱ��Ӧ<span
-lang=EN-US>**envp</span>��<span lang=EN-US>**argv</span>��<span lang=EN-US>*filename</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>① 第<span lang=EN-US>86--88</span>行入堆的<span
+lang=EN-US>edx</span>、<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>和<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>寄存器值，分别对应<span
+lang=EN-US>**envp</span>、<span lang=EN-US>**argv</span>和<span lang=EN-US>*filename</span>；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�� ��<span lang=EN-US>94</span>�е���<span
-lang=EN-US>sys_call_table</span>��<span lang=EN-US>sys_execve</span>������ָ�룩ʱѹ��ջ�ĺ������ص�ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>tmp</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>② 第<span lang=EN-US>94</span>行调用<span
+lang=EN-US>sys_call_table</span>中<span lang=EN-US>sys_execve</span>函数（指针）时压入栈的函数返回地址（<span
+lang=EN-US>tmp</span>）；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�� ��<span lang=EN-US>202</span>���ڵ��ñ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>do_execve</span>ǰ��ջ��ָ��ջ�е���ϵͳ�жϵĳ������ָ��<span lang=EN-US>eip</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>③ 第<span lang=EN-US>202</span>行在调用本函数<span
+lang=EN-US>do_execve</span>前入栈的指向栈中调用系统中断的程序代码指针<span lang=EN-US>eip</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // eip - </span>����ϵͳ�жϵĳ������ָ�룬�μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/system_call.s</span>����ʼ���ֵ�˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // eip - </span>调用系统中断的程序代码指针，参见<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/system_call.s</span>程序开始部分的说明；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// tmp - </span>ϵͳ�ж����ڵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>_sys_execve</span>ʱ�ķ��ص�ַ�����ã�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// tmp - </span>系统中断中在调用<span
+lang=EN-US>_sys_execve</span>时的返回地址，无用；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // filename - </span>��ִ�г����ļ���ָ�룻</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // filename - </span>被执行程序文件名指针；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // argv - </span>�����в���ָ�������ָ�룻</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // argv - </span>命令行参数指针数组的指针；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // envp - </span>��������ָ�������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // envp - </span>环境变量指针数组的指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ�������óɹ����򲻷��أ��������ó����ţ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>-1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：如果调用成功，则不返回；否则设置出错号，并返回<span
+lang=EN-US>-1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>207</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>do_execve</span></u>(unsigned long
@@ -70323,7 +70323,7 @@ style='color:blue'>exec</span></u> ex;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned long page[<u><span
 style='color:blue'>MAX_ARG_PAGES</span></u>];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ͻ������ռ�ҳ��ָ�����顣</p>
+// </span>参数和环境串空间页面指针数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>214</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i,argc,envc;</span></p>
@@ -70331,51 +70331,51 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i,argc,envc;</sp
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>215</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int e_uid, e_gid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��Ч�û�<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>����Ч��<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>��</p>
+</span>有效用户<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>和有效组<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>216</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int retval;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>217</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int sh_bang = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����Ƿ���Ҫִ�нű�����</p>
+// </span>控制是否需要执行脚本程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>218</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned long p=<u><span
 style='color:blue'>PAGE_SIZE</span></u>*<u><span style='color:blue'>MAX_ARG_PAGES</span></u>-4;
-// p</span>ָ������ͻ����ռ����󲿡�</p>
+// p</span>指向参数和环境空间的最后部。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>219</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʽ����ִ���ļ������л���֮ǰ���������ȸ�Щ���¡��ں�׼����<span
-lang=EN-US>128KB</span>��<span lang=EN-US>32</span>��ҳ�棩</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在正式设置执行文件的运行环境之前，让我们先干些杂事。内核准备了<span
+lang=EN-US>128KB</span>（<span lang=EN-US>32</span>个页面）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ռ�����Ż�ִ���ļ��������в����ͻ����ַ��������а�<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>��ʼ���ó�λ��<span lang=EN-US>128KB</span>�ռ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>空间来存放化执行文件的命令行参数和环境字符串。上行把<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>初始设置成位于<span lang=EN-US>128KB</span>空间的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ִ����ڳ�ʼ�����ͻ����ռ�Ĳ��������У�<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>������ָ����<span lang=EN-US>128KB</span>�ռ��еĵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个长字处。在初始参数和环境空间的操作过程中，<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>将用来指明在<span lang=EN-US>128KB</span>空间中的当</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ǰλ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>前位置。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���⣬����<span lang=EN-US>eip[1]</span>�ǵ��ñ���ϵͳ���õ�ԭ�û��������μĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>CS</span>ֵ�����еĶ�ѡ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>另外，参数<span lang=EN-US>eip[1]</span>是调用本次系统调用的原用户程序代码段寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>CS</span>值，其中的段选择符</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ȼ�����ǵ�ǰ����Ĵ����ѡ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0x000f</span>���������Ǹ�ֵ����ô<span lang=EN-US> CS</span>ֻ�ܻ����ں˴���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当然必须是当前任务的代码段选择符（<span
+lang=EN-US>0x000f</span>）。若不是该值，那么<span lang=EN-US> CS</span>只能会是内核代码</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ε�ѡ���<span lang=EN-US>
-0x0008</span>�� �����Ǿ��Բ������ģ���Ϊ�ں˴����ǳ�פ�ڴ�����ܱ��滻���ġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>段的选择符<span lang=EN-US>
+0x0008</span>。 但这是绝对不允许的，因为内核代码是常驻内存而不能被替换掉的。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������<span
-lang=EN-US>eip[1] </span>��ֵȷ���Ƿ�������������Ȼ���ٳ�ʼ��<span lang=EN-US>128KB</span>�Ĳ����ͻ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因此下面根据<span
+lang=EN-US>eip[1] </span>的值确认是否符合正常情况。然后再初始化<span lang=EN-US>128KB</span>的参数和环境串空</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�䣬�������ֽ����㣬��ȡ��ִ���ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣�ٸ��ݺ��������ֱ����������в�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>间，把所有字节清零，并取出执行文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。再根据函数参数分别计算出命令行参数和</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ����ĸ���<span
-lang=EN-US>argc</span>��<span lang=EN-US>envc</span>�����⣬ִ���ļ������ǳ����ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>环境字符串的个数<span
+lang=EN-US>argc</span>和<span lang=EN-US>envc</span>。另外，执行文件必须是常规文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>220</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((0xffff &amp;
@@ -70407,12 +70407,12 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOENT</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>226</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; argc = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>count</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>argv</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����в���������</p>
+// </span>命令行参数个数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>227</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; envc = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>count</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>envp</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ַ�������������</p>
+// </span>环境字符串变量个数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
@@ -70431,38 +70431,38 @@ retval = -<u><span style='color:blue'>EACCES</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>232</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-goto exec_error2;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //</span>�����ǳ����ļ����ó����룬��ת��<span
-lang=EN-US>376</span>�С�</p>
+goto exec_error2;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //</span>若不是常规文件则置出错码，跳转到<span
+lang=EN-US>376</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>233</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����鵱ǰ�����Ƿ���Ȩ����ָ����ִ���ļ���������ִ���ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��е����ԣ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面检查当前进程是否有权运行指定的执行文件。即根据执行文件<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点中的属性，看看本</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ƿ���Ȩִ�������ڰ�ִ���ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�������ֶ�ֵȡ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�к��������Ȳ鿴������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程是否有权执行它。在把执行文件<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的属性字段值取到<span lang=EN-US>i</span>中后，我们首先查看属性中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƿ������ˡ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>-</span>�û�<span lang=EN-US>-ID</span>����<span lang=EN-US>set-user_id</span>����־
-�͡�����<span lang=EN-US>-</span>��<span lang=EN-US>-ID</span>����<span lang=EN-US>set-group-id</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是否设置了“设置<span
+lang=EN-US>-</span>用户<span lang=EN-US>-ID</span>”（<span lang=EN-US>set-user_id</span>）标志
+和“设置<span lang=EN-US>-</span>组<span lang=EN-US>-ID</span>”（<span lang=EN-US>set-group-id</span>）标</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>־����������־��Ҫ����һ���û��ܹ�ִ����Ȩ�û����糬���û�<span
-lang=EN-US>root</span>���ĳ�������ı�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>志。这两个标志主要是让一般用户能够执行特权用户（如超级用户<span
+lang=EN-US>root</span>）的程序，例如改变</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ĳ���<span lang=EN-US>passwd</span>�ȡ����<span
-lang=EN-US>set-user-id</span>��־��λ�������ִ�н��̵���Ч�û�<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>euid</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>密码的程序<span lang=EN-US>passwd</span>等。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>set-user-id</span>标志置位，则后面执行进程的有效用户<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>euid</span>）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ó�ִ���ļ����û�<span
-lang=EN-US>ID</span>���������óɵ�ǰ���̵�<span lang=EN-US>euid</span>�����ִ���ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>set-group-id</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>就设置成执行文件的用户<span
+lang=EN-US>ID</span>，否则设置成当前进程的<span lang=EN-US>euid</span>。如果执行文件<span
+lang=EN-US>set-group-id</span>被</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ�Ļ�����ִ�н��̵���Ч��<span
-lang=EN-US>ID</span>��<span lang=EN-US>egid</span>��������Ϊִ���ļ�����<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>���������óɵ�ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>置位的话，则执行进程的有效组<span
+lang=EN-US>ID</span>（<span lang=EN-US>egid</span>）就设置为执行文件的组<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>。否则设置成当前进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>egid</span>��������ʱ���������жϳ�����ֵ�����ڱ���<span
-lang=EN-US>e_uid</span>��<span lang=EN-US>e_gid</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的<span lang=EN-US>egid</span>。这里暂时把这两个判断出来的值保存在变量<span
+lang=EN-US>e_uid</span>和<span lang=EN-US>e_gid</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>234</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;i =
@@ -70480,28 +70480,28 @@ style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;egid;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڸ��ݽ��̵�<span
-lang=EN-US>euid</span>��<span lang=EN-US>egid</span>��ִ���ļ��ķ������Խ��бȽϡ����ִ���ļ��������н���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在根据进程的<span
+lang=EN-US>euid</span>和<span lang=EN-US>egid</span>和执行文件的访问属性进行比较。如果执行文件属于运行进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���û�������ļ�����ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>����<span lang=EN-US>6</span>λ����ʱ�����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>λ���ļ������ķ���Ȩ�ޱ�־�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的用户，则把文件属性值<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>右移<span lang=EN-US>6</span>位，此时其最低<span lang=EN-US>3</span>位是文件宿主的访问权限标志。否则的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ִ���ļ��뵱ǰ���̵��û�����ͬ�飬��ʹ����ֵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>λ��ִ���ļ����û��ķ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>话如果执行文件与当前进程的用户属于同组，则使属性值最低<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>位是执行文件组用户的访问</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȩ�ޱ�־�������ʱ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>λ���������û����ʸ�ִ���ļ���Ȩ�ޡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>权限标志。否则此时属性字最低<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>位就是其他用户访问该执行文件的权限。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����Ǹ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>����ֵ���жϵ�ǰ�����Ƿ���Ȩ���������ִ���ļ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后我们根据属性字<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>的最低<span lang=EN-US>3</span>比特值来判断当前进程是否有权限运行这个执行文件。如果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ѡ������Ӧ�û�û�����и��ļ���Ȩ����λ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��ִ��Ȩ�ޣ������������û�Ҳû���κ�Ȩ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>选出的相应用户没有运行改文件的权力（位<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>是执行权限），并且其他用户也没有任何权限</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ߵ�ǰ�����û����ǳ����û����������ǰ����û��Ȩ���������ִ���ļ��������ò���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>或者当前进程用户不是超级用户，则表明当前进程没有权力运行这个执行文件。于是置不可</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�г����룬����ת��<span
-lang=EN-US>exec_error2</span>��ȥ���˳�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行出错码，并跳转到<span
+lang=EN-US>exec_error2</span>处去作退出处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>237</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -70539,43 +70539,43 @@ goto exec_error2;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>245</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ִ�е����˵����ǰ����������ָ��ִ���ļ���Ȩ�ޡ���˴����￪ʼ������Ҫȡ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程序执行到这里，说明当前进程有运行指定执行文件的权限。因此从这里开始我们需要取出</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ���ļ�ͷ�����ݲ��������е���Ϣ�������������л���������������һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>shell</span>������ִ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行文件头部数据并根据其中的信息来分析设置运行环境，或者运行另一个<span
+lang=EN-US>shell</span>程序来执</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�нű��������ȶ�ȡִ���ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ݵ����ٻ�����С� �����ƻ�������ݵ�<span lang=EN-US>ex</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>行脚本程序。首先读取执行文件第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>块数据到高速缓冲块中。 并复制缓冲块数据到<span lang=EN-US>ex</span>中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ִ���ļ���ʼ�������ֽ����ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>'#!'</span>����˵��ִ���ļ���һ���ű��ı��ļ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果执行文件开始的两个字节是字符<span
+lang=EN-US>'#!'</span>，则说明执行文件是一个脚本文本文件。如果想运</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�нű��ļ������Ǿ���Ҫִ�нű��ļ��Ľ��ͳ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>shell</span>���򣩡�ͨ���ű��ļ��ĵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>行脚本文件，我们就需要执行脚本文件的解释程序（例如<span
+lang=EN-US>shell</span>程序）。通常脚本文件的第</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ���ı�Ϊ��<span
-lang=EN-US>#</span>��<span lang=EN-US>/bin/bash</span>������ָ�������нű��ļ���Ҫ�Ľ��ͳ������з����Ǵӽű�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一行文本为“<span
+lang=EN-US>#</span>！<span lang=EN-US>/bin/bash</span>”。它指明了运行脚本文件需要的解释程序。运行方法是从脚本</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�У����ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>'#!'</span>����ȡ�����еĽ��ͳ�����������Ĳ��������еĻ�����Ȼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>行（带字符<span
+lang=EN-US>'#!'</span>）中取出其中的解释程序名及后面的参数（若有的话），然后将这</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Щ�����ͽű��ļ����Ž�ִ���ļ�����ʱ�ǽ��ͳ��򣩵������в����ռ��С�����֮ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>些参数和脚本文件名放进执行文件（此时是解释程序）的命令行参数空间中。在这之前我们</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ȼ��Ҫ�ȰѺ���ָ����ԭ�������в����ͻ����ַ����ŵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>128KB</span>�ռ��У������ｨ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当然需要先把函数指定的原有命令行参数和环境字符串放到<span
+lang=EN-US>128KB</span>空间中，而这里建立起来</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������в�����ŵ�����ǰ��λ�ô�����Ϊ��������ã���������ں�ִ�нű��ļ��Ľ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的命令行参数则放到它们前面位置处（因为是逆向放置）。最后让内核执行脚本文件的解释</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������������úý��ͳ���Ľű��ļ����Ȳ�����ȡ�����ͳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㲢��ת��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程序。下面就是在设置好解释程序的脚本文件名等参数后，取出解释程序的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点并跳转到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 229</span>��ȥִ�н��ͳ�������������Ҫ��ת��ִ�й��Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>229</span>��ȥ�����������ȷ�ϲ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 229</span>行去执行解释程序。由于我们需要跳转到执行过的代码<span
+lang=EN-US>229</span>行去，因此在下面确认并处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���˽ű��ļ�֮����Ҫ����һ����ֹ�ٴ�ִ������Ľű����������־<span
-lang=EN-US>sh_bang </span>���ں����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>理了脚本文件之后需要设置一个禁止再次执行下面的脚本处理代码标志<span
+lang=EN-US>sh_bang </span>。在后面的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����иñ�־Ҳ������ʾ�����Ѿ����ú�ִ���ļ��������в�������Ҫ�ظ����á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>代码中该标志也用来表示我们已经设置好执行文件的命令行参数，不要重复设置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>246</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(bh = <u><span
@@ -70620,7 +70620,7 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>�ⲿ�ִ�����<span lang=EN-US>'#!'</span>�Ľ��ͣ���Щ���ӣ���ϣ���ܹ�����<span lang=EN-US>-TYT</span></p>
+* </span>这部分处理对<span lang=EN-US>'#!'</span>的解释，有些复杂，但希望能工作。<span lang=EN-US>-TYT</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
@@ -70640,15 +70640,15 @@ unsigned long old_fs;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>259</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����￪ʼ�����Ǵӽű��ļ�����ȡ���ͳ�����������������ѽ��ͳ����������ͳ���Ĳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从这里开始，我们从脚本文件中提取解释程序名及其参数，并把解释程序名、解释程序的参数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͽű��ļ�����Ϸ��뻷���������С����ȸ��ƽű��ļ�ͷ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���ַ�<span lang=EN-US>'#!'</span>������ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>buf</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和脚本文件名组合放入环境参数块中。首先复制脚本文件头<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>行字符<span lang=EN-US>'#!'</span>后面的字符串到<span lang=EN-US>buf</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�У����к��нű����ͳ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>/bin/sh</span>����Ҳ���ܻ��������ͳ���ļ���������Ȼ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中，其中含有脚本解释程序名（例如<span
+lang=EN-US>/bin/sh</span>），也可能还包含解释程序的几个参数。然后对</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // buf</span>�е����ݽ��д�����ɾ����ʼ�Ŀո��Ʊ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // buf</span>中的内容进行处理。删除开始的空格、制表符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>260</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -70662,7 +70662,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>262</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>iput</span></u>(inode);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ͷŻ���鲢�Żؽű��ļ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+// </span>释放缓冲块并放回脚本文件<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>263</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -70675,8 +70675,8 @@ style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>, <i>'\n'</i>)) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>265</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*cp = <i>'\0'</i>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����з�����<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��ȥ���ո��Ʊ�����</p>
+*cp = <i>'\0'</i>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个换行符换成<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>并去掉空格制表符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>266</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -70689,7 +70689,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>268</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (!cp || *cp == <i>'\0'</i>) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������û���������ݣ��������</p>
+if (!cp || *cp == <i>'\0'</i>) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若该行没有其他内容，则出错。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>269</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -70698,20 +70698,20 @@ No interpreter name found */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>270</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-goto exec_error1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>û���ҵ��ű����ͳ�����<span
+goto exec_error1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>没有找到脚本解释程序名<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>271</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ���ǵõ��˿�ͷ�ǽű����ͳ�������һ�����ݣ��ַ�����������������С�����ȡ��һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时我们得到了开头是脚本解释程序名的一行内容（字符串）。下面分析该行。首先取第一个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ�������Ӧ���ǽ��ͳ���������ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>i_name</span>ָ������ơ������ͳ����������ַ���������Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串，它应该是解释程序名，此时<span
+lang=EN-US>i_name</span>指向该名称。若解释程序名后还有字符，则它们应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǽ��ͳ���Ĳ�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>i_arg</span>ָ��ô���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该是解释程序的参数串，于是令<span
+lang=EN-US>i_arg</span>指向该串。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>272</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -70744,12 +70744,12 @@ if (*cp) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>279</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *cp++ = <i>'\0'</i>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>���ͳ�����β����<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�ַ���</p>
+</span>解释程序名尾添加<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>280</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 i_arg = cp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// i_arg</span>ָ����ͳ��������</p>
+// i_arg</span>指向解释程序参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>281</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -70774,48 +70774,48 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* OK</span>�������Ѿ����������ͳ�����ļ����Լ�<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��ѡ��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>������</p>
+* OK</span>，我们已经解析出解释程序的文件名以及<span lang=EN-US>(</span>可选的<span lang=EN-US>)</span>参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ҫ��������������Ľ��ͳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>i_name </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>i_arg </span>�ͽű��ļ�����Ϊ���ͳ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>现在我们要把上面解析出来的解释程序名<span
+lang=EN-US>i_name </span>及其参数<span lang=EN-US>i_arg </span>和脚本文件名作为解释程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ĳ����Ž������Ͳ������С���������������Ҫ�Ѻ����ṩ��ԭ��һЩ�����ͻ����ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>序的参数放进环境和参数块中。不过首先我们需要把函数提供的原来一些参数和环境字符串</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȷŽ�ȥ��Ȼ���ٷ�������������ġ�������������в�����˵�����ԭ���Ĳ�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>先放进去，然后再放这里解析出来的。例如对于命令行参数来说，如果原来的参数是<span
 lang=EN-US>&quot;-arg1</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //&nbsp; -arg2&quot;</span>�����ͳ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;bash&quot;</span>���������<span lang=EN-US>&quot;-iarg1
--iarg2&quot;</span>���ű��ļ�������ԭ����ִ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //&nbsp; -arg2&quot;</span>、解释程序名是<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;bash&quot;</span>、其参数是<span lang=EN-US>&quot;-iarg1
+-iarg2&quot;</span>、脚本文件名（即原来的执行文</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>&quot;example.sh&quot;</span>����ô�ڷ�������Ĳ���֮���µ�������������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>件名）是<span lang=EN-US>&quot;example.sh&quot;</span>，那么在放入这里的参数之后，新的命令行类似于这样：</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��<span lang=EN-US>bash
--iarg1 -iarg2 example.sh -arg1 -arg2</span>��</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>“<span lang=EN-US>bash
+-iarg1 -iarg2 example.sh -arg1 -arg2</span>”</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ǰ�<span lang=EN-US>sh_bang</span>��־���ϣ�Ȼ��Ѻ��������ṩ��ԭ�в����ͻ����ַ������뵽�ռ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这里我们把<span lang=EN-US>sh_bang</span>标志置上，然后把函数参数提供的原有参数和环境字符串放入到空间中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ����Ͳ��������ֱ���<span
-lang=EN-US>envc </span>��<span lang=EN-US>argc-1</span>�����ٸ��Ƶ�һ��ԭ�в�����ԭ����ִ���ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>环境字符串和参数个数分别是<span
+lang=EN-US>envc </span>和<span lang=EN-US>argc-1</span>个。少复制的一个原有参数是原来的执行文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������Ľű��ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>[[?? </span>���Կ�����ʵ�������ǲ���Ҫȥ���д����ű��ļ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>名，即这里的脚本文件名。<span
+lang=EN-US>[[?? </span>可以看出，实际上我们不需要去另行处理脚本文件名，即这</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȫ���Ը���<span
-lang=EN-US>argc</span>������������ԭ��ִ���ļ����������ڵĽű��ļ���������Ϊ��λ��ͬ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>里完全可以复制<span
+lang=EN-US>argc</span>个参数，包括原来执行文件名（即现在的脚本文件名）。因为它位于同</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һ��λ����<span lang=EN-US>
-]]</span>��ע�⣡����ָ��<span lang=EN-US>p</span>���Ÿ�����Ϣ���Ӷ�����С��ַ�����ƶ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一个位置上<span lang=EN-US>
+]]</span>。注意！这里指针<span lang=EN-US>p</span>随着复制信息增加而逐渐向小地址方向移动，因此这两个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ƴ�����ִ����󣬻�����������Ϣ��λ�ڳ��������в�������Ϣ����Ϸ�������
-<span lang=EN-US>p</span>ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复制串函数执行完后，环境参数串信息块位于程序命令行参数串信息块的上方，并且
+<span lang=EN-US>p</span>指向</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����������<span
-lang=EN-US>copy_strings()</span>���һ��������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ָ�������ַ������û��ռ䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程序的第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数串。<span
+lang=EN-US>copy_strings()</span>最后一个参数（<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）指明参数字符串在用户空间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>286</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -70868,37 +70868,37 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>ƴ��<span lang=EN-US> (1) argv[0]</span>�зŽ��ͳ��������</p>
+* </span>拼接<span lang=EN-US> (1) argv[0]</span>中放解释程序的名称</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;(2) (</span>��ѡ��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>���ͳ���Ĳ���</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;(2) (</span>可选的<span lang=EN-US>)</span>解释程序的参数</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (3) </span>�ű����������</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (3) </span>脚本程序的名称</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>������������д����ģ��������û������Ͳ����Ĵ�ŷ�ʽ��ɵġ�</p>
+* </span>这是以逆序进行处理的，是由于用户环境和参数的存放方式造成的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������ƽű��ļ��������ͳ���Ĳ����ͽ��ͳ����ļ����������ͻ����ռ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着我们逆向复制脚本文件名、解释程序的参数和解释程序文件名到参数和环境空间中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������ó����룬��ת��<span
-lang=EN-US>exec_error1</span>�����⣬���ڱ����������ṩ�Ľű��ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若出错，则置出错码，跳转到<span
+lang=EN-US>exec_error1</span>。另外，由于本函数参数提供的脚本文件名</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // filename</span>���û��ռ䣬�����︳��<span
-lang=EN-US>copy_strings()</span>�Ľű��ļ�����ָ�����ں˿ռ䣬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // filename</span>在用户空间，但这里赋予<span
+lang=EN-US>copy_strings()</span>的脚本文件名的指针在内核空间，因</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ַ������������һ���������ַ�����Դ��־����Ҫ�����ó�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此这个复制字符串函数的最后一个参数（字符串来源标志）需要被设置成<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。若字符串在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں˿ռ䣬��<span
-lang=EN-US>copy_strings()</span>�����һ������Ҫ���ó�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��������ĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>301</span>��<span lang=EN-US>304</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核空间，则<span
+lang=EN-US>copy_strings()</span>的最后一个参数要设置成<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，如下面的第<span
+lang=EN-US>301</span>、<span lang=EN-US>304</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>298</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -70912,7 +70912,7 @@ argc++;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>300</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if
 (i_arg) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ƽ��ͳ���Ķ��������</p>
+// </span>复制解释程序的多个参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>301</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -70966,31 +70966,31 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* OK</span>������ʹ�ý��ͳ����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��������̡�</p>
+* OK</span>，现在使用解释程序的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点重启进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ȡ�ý��ͳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�룬Ȼ����ת��<span lang=EN-US>204</span>��ȥִ�н��ͳ���Ϊ�˻�ý��ͳ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后我们取得解释程序的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针，然后跳转到<span lang=EN-US>204</span>行去执行解释程序。为了获得解释程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬������Ҫʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>namei()</span>���������Ǹú�����ʹ�õĲ������ļ������Ǵ��û���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>序的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，我们需要使用<span
+lang=EN-US>namei()</span>函数，但是该函数所使用的参数（文件名）是从用户数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ݿռ�õ��ģ����ӶμĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>��ָ�ռ���ȡ�á�����ڵ���<span lang=EN-US>namei()</span>����֮ǰ������Ҫ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>据空间得到的，即从段寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>所指空间中取得。因此在调用<span lang=EN-US>namei()</span>函数之前我们需要</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱ��<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>ָ���ں����ݿռ䣬���ú����ܴ��ں˿ռ�õ����ͳ�����������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>先临时让<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>指向内核数据空间，以让函数能从内核空间得到解释程序名，并在<span
 lang=EN-US>namei()</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���غ�ָ�<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>��Ĭ�����á����������������ʱ����ԭ<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>�μĴ�����ԭָ���û����ݶΣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回后恢复<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>的默认设置。因此这里我们先临时保存原<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>段寄存器（原指向用户数据段）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֵ���������ó�ָ���ں����ݶΣ�Ȼ��ȡ���ͳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣֮���ٻָ�<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>��ԭֵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的值，将其设置成指向内核数据段，然后取解释程序的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。之后再恢复<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>的原值。并</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ת��<span lang=EN-US>restart_interp</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>204</span>�У������´����µ�ִ���ļ�<span lang=EN-US> -- </span>�ű��ļ��Ľ��ͳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>跳转到<span lang=EN-US>restart_interp</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>204</span>行）处重新处理新的执行文件<span lang=EN-US> -- </span>脚本文件的解释程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>313</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -71008,7 +71008,7 @@ if (!(inode=<u><span style='color:blue'>namei</span></u>(interp))) {&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>316</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>set_fs</span></u>(old_fs);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>ȡ�ý��ͳ����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>取得解释程序的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>317</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -71035,27 +71035,27 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ������е�ִ���ļ�ͷ�ṹ�����Ѿ����Ƶ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ex </span>�С� �������ͷŸû���飬����ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时缓冲块中的执行文件头结构数据已经复制到了<span
+lang=EN-US>ex </span>中。 于是先释放该缓冲块，并开始对</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ex</span>�е�ִ��ͷ��Ϣ�����жϴ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux 0.12</span>�ں���˵������֧��<span lang=EN-US>ZMAGIC</span>ִ���ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ex</span>中的执行头信息进行判断处理。对于<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux 0.12</span>内核来说，它仅支持<span lang=EN-US>ZMAGIC</span>执行文件格</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʽ������ִ���ļ����붼���߼���ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>0 </span>��ʼִ�У���˲�֧�ֺ��д���������ض�λ��Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>式，并且执行文件代码都从逻辑地址<span
+lang=EN-US>0 </span>开始执行，因此不支持含有代码或数据重定位信息的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ���ļ�����Ȼ�����ִ���ļ�ʵ��̫�����ִ���ļ���ȱ��ȫ����ô����Ҳ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行文件。当然，如果执行文件实在太大或者执行文件残缺不全，那么我们也不能运行它。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��˶��������������ִ�г������ִ���ļ���������ҳ��ִ���ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ZMAGIC</span>�������ߴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因此对于下列情况将不执行程序：如果执行文件不是需求页可执行文件（<span
+lang=EN-US>ZMAGIC</span>）、或者代</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ض�λ���ֳ��Ȳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>+</span>���ݶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>+</span>��<span lang=EN-US>) </span>���ȳ���<span lang=EN-US>50MB</span>������ִ���ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>码和数据重定位部分长度不等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>、或者<span lang=EN-US>(</span>代码段<span lang=EN-US>+</span>数据段<span
+lang=EN-US>+</span>堆<span lang=EN-US>) </span>长度超过<span lang=EN-US>50MB</span>、或者执行文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����С��<span lang=EN-US>
-(</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>+</span>���ݶ�<span lang=EN-US>+</span>���ű�����<span
-lang=EN-US>+</span>ִ��ͷ����<span lang=EN-US>) </span>���ȵ��ܺ͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>长度小于<span lang=EN-US>
+(</span>代码段<span lang=EN-US>+</span>数据段<span lang=EN-US>+</span>符号表长度<span
+lang=EN-US>+</span>执行头部分<span lang=EN-US>) </span>长度的总和。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>323</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -71086,13 +71086,13 @@ goto exec_error2;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>329</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���⣬���ִ���ļ��д��뿪ʼ��û��λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��ҳ�棨<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽڣ��߽紦����Ҳ����ִ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>另外，如果执行文件中代码开始处没有位于<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个页面（<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节）边界处，则也不能执行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ����ҳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>Demand paging</span>������Ҫ�����ִ���ļ�����ʱ��ҳ��Ϊ��λ�����Ҫ��ִ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因为需求页（<span
+lang=EN-US>Demand paging</span>）技术要求加载执行文件内容时以页面为单位，因此要求执行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�ӳ���д�������ݶ���ҳ��߽紦��ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件映像中代码和数据都从页面边界处开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>330</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -71115,21 +71115,21 @@ goto exec_error2;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>334</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>sh_bang</span>��־û�����ã�����ָ�������������в����ͻ����ַ����������ͻ����ռ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>sh_bang</span>标志没有设置，则复制指定个数的命令行参数和环境字符串到参数和环境空间</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�С���<span lang=EN-US>sh_bang</span>��־�Ѿ����ã�������ǽ����нű����ͳ��򣬴�ʱ��������ҳ���Ѿ����ƣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中。若<span lang=EN-US>sh_bang</span>标志已经设置，则表明是将运行脚本解释程序，此时环境变量页面已经复制，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ٸ��ơ�ͬ������<span
-lang=EN-US>sh_bang</span>û����λ����Ҫ���ƵĻ�����ô��ʱָ��<span lang=EN-US>p</span>���Ÿ�����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>无须再复制。同样，若<span
+lang=EN-US>sh_bang</span>没有置位而需要复制的话，那么此时指针<span lang=EN-US>p</span>随着复制信息增</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ӷ�����С��ַ�����ƶ���������������ƴ�����ִ����󣬻�����������Ϣ��λ�ڳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>加而逐渐向小地址方向移动，因此这两个复制串函数执行完后，环境参数串信息块位于程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ϣ����Ϸ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>ָ�����ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������������ʵ�ϣ�<span lang=EN-US>p</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>128KB</span>�����ͻ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数串信息块的上方，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>指向程序的第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数串。事实上，<span lang=EN-US>p</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>128KB</span>参数和环境空</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���е�ƫ��ֵ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>p=0</span>�����ʾ��������������ռ�ҳ���Ѿ���ռ�������ɲ����ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>间中的偏移值。因此如果<span
+lang=EN-US>p=0</span>，则表示环境变量与参数空间页面已经被占满，容纳不下了。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>335</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!sh_bang) {</span></p>
@@ -71170,51 +71170,51 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* OK, This is the point of no return */</i></b></span></p>
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* note that current-&gt;library stays unchanged by an exec
 */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* OK</span>�����濪ʼ��û�з��صĵط���<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* OK</span>，下面开始就没有返回的地方了<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ǰ��������Ժ��������ṩ����Ϣ����Ҫ����ִ���ļ��������в����ͻ����ռ���������ã�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>前面我们针对函数参数提供的信息对需要运行执行文件的命令行参数和环境空间进行了设置，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����û��Ϊִ���ļ�����ʲôʵ���ԵĹ���������û������Ϊִ���ļ���ʼ����������ṹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>但还没有为执行文件做过什么实质性的工作，即还没有做过为执行文件初始化进程任务结构</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϣ������ҳ���ȹ������������Ǿ�������Щ����������ִ���ļ�ֱ��ʹ�õ�ǰ���̵ġ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信息、建立页表等工作。现在我们就来做这些工作。由于执行文件直接使用当前进程的“躯</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ǡ�������ǰ���̽��������ִ���ļ��Ľ��̣����������Ҫ�����ͷŵ�ǰ����ռ�õ�ĳЩ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>壳”，即当前进程将被改造成执行文件的进程，因此我们需要首先释放当前进程占用的某些</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ��Դ�������ر�ָ�����Ѵ��ļ���ռ�õ�ҳ�����ڴ�ҳ��ȡ�Ȼ�����ִ���ļ�ͷ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统资源，包括关闭指定的已打开文件、占用的页表和内存页面等。然后根据执行文件头结</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ϣ�޸ĵ�ǰ����ʹ�õľֲ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>LDT</span>�������������ݣ��������ô���κ����ݶ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>构信息修改当前进程使用的局部描述符表<span
+lang=EN-US>LDT</span>中描述符的内容，重新设置代码段和数据段描</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������޳���������ǰ�洦���õ���<span
-lang=EN-US>e_uid</span>��<span lang=EN-US>e_gid</span>����Ϣ�����ý�������ṹ����ص���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>述符的限长，再利用前面处理得到的<span
+lang=EN-US>e_uid</span>和<span lang=EN-US>e_gid</span>等信息来设置进程任务结构中相关的字</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ρ�����ִ�б���ϵͳ���ó���ķ��ص�ַ <span
-lang=EN-US>eip[]</span>ָ��ִ���ļ��д������ʼλ�ô�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>段。最后把执行本次系统调用程序的返回地址 <span
+lang=EN-US>eip[]</span>指向执行文件中代码的起始位置处。这</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ϵͳ�����˳����غ�ͻ�ȥ������ִ���ļ��Ĵ����ˡ�ע�⣬��Ȼ��ʱ��ִ���ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>样当本系统调用退出返回后就会去运行新执行文件的代码了。注意，虽然此时新执行文件代</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ݻ�û�д��ļ��м��ص��ڴ��У���������ͻ������Ѿ���<span
-lang=EN-US>copy_strings() </span>��ʹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>码和数据还没有从文件中加载到内存中，但其参数和环境块已经在<span
+lang=EN-US>copy_strings() </span>中使用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // get_free_page()</span>�����������ڴ�ҳ���������ݣ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>change_ldt()</span>������ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>put_page()</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // get_free_page()</span>分配了物理内存页来保存数据，并在<span
+lang=EN-US>change_ldt()</span>函数中使用<span lang=EN-US>put_page()</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���˽����߼��ռ��ĩ�˴������⣬��<span
-lang=EN-US>create_tables()</span>��Ҳ���������û�ջ�ϴ�Ų���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>到了进程逻辑空间的末端处。另外，在<span
+lang=EN-US>create_tables()</span>中也会由于在用户栈上存放参数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͻ���ָ���������ȱҳ�쳣���Ӷ��ڴ��������Ҳ��ʹ�Ϊ�û�ջ�ռ�ӳ�������ڴ�ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和环境指针表而引起缺页异常，从而内存管理程序也会就此为用户栈空间映射物理内存页。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������ȷŻؽ���ԭִ�г����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬�����ý���<span lang=EN-US>executable </span>�ֶ�ָ����ִ���ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这里我们首先放回进程原执行程序的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并且让进程<span lang=EN-US>executable </span>字段指向新执行文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣Ȼ��λԭ���̵������źŴ��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>SIG_IGN</span>������븴λ���ٸ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。然后复位原进程的所有信号处理句柄，但对于<span
+lang=EN-US>SIG_IGN</span>句柄无须复位。再根据设</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ִ��ʱ�ر��ļ������<span
-lang=EN-US>close_on_exec</span>��λͼ��־���ر�ָ���Ĵ��ļ�����λ�ñ�־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定的执行时关闭文件句柄（<span
+lang=EN-US>close_on_exec</span>）位图标志，关闭指定的打开文件并复位该标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>345</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -71276,17 +71276,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;close_on_exec = 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����ݵ�ǰ����ָ���Ļ���ַ���޳����ͷ�ԭ������Ĵ���κ����ݶ�����Ӧ���ڴ�ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后根据当前进程指定的基地址和限长，释放原来程序的代码段和数据段所对应的内存页表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ���������ڴ�ҳ�漰ҳ����������ʱ��ִ���ļ���û��ռ�����ڴ����κ�ҳ�棬����ڴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指定的物理内存页面及页表本身。此时新执行文件并没有占用主内存区任何页面，因此在处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������������ִ���ļ�����ʱ�ͻ�����ȱҳ�쳣�жϣ���ʱ�ڴ�������򼴻�ִ��ȱҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>理器真正运行新执行文件代码时就会引起缺页异常中断，此时内存管理程序即会执行缺页处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ϊ��ִ���ļ������ڴ�ҳ����������ҳ������Ұ����ִ���ļ�ҳ������ڴ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>理而为新执行文件申请内存页面和设置相关页表项，并且把相关执行文件页面读入内存中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ϴ�����ʹ����Э��������ָ����ǵ�ǰ���̣������ÿգ�����λʹ����Э������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果“上次任务使用了协处理器”指向的是当前进程，则将其置空，并复位使用了协处理器</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ı�־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>359</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -71311,18 +71311,18 @@ style='color:blue'>last_task_used_math</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;used_math = 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����Ǹ�����ִ���ļ�ͷ�ṹ�еĴ��볤���ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US> a_text </span>��ֵ�޸ľֲ�������������ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后我们根据新执行文件头结构中的代码长度字段<span
+lang=EN-US> a_text </span>的值修改局部表中描述符基址和</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���޳�������<span
-lang=EN-US>128KB </span>�Ĳ����ͻ����ռ�ҳ����������ݶ�ĩ�ˡ�ִ���������֮��<span lang=EN-US>p</span>��ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>段限长，并将<span
+lang=EN-US>128KB </span>的参数和环境空间页面放置在数据段末端。执行下面语句之后，<span lang=EN-US>p</span>此时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ĳ������ݶ���ʼ��Ϊԭ���ƫ��ֵ������ָ������ͻ����ռ����ݿ�ʼ��������ת����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>更改成以数据段起始处为原点的偏移值，但仍指向参数和环境空间数据开始处，即已转换成</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊջָ��ֵ��Ȼ������ڲ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>create_tables() </span>��ջ�ռ��д��������Ͳ�������ָ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为栈指针值。然后调用内部函数<span
+lang=EN-US>create_tables() </span>在栈空间中创建环境和参数变量指针表，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>main()</span>��Ϊ����ʹ�ã������ظ�ջָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>供程序的<span lang=EN-US>main()</span>作为参数使用，并返回该栈指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>364</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; p += <u><span
@@ -71339,21 +71339,21 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; p = (unsigned long)
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������޸Ľ��̸��ֶ�ֵΪ��ִ���ļ�����Ϣ�������������ṹ����β�ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>end_code</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着再修改进程各字段值为新执行文件的信息。即令进程任务结构代码尾字段<span
+lang=EN-US>end_code</span>等</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ���ļ��Ĵ���γ��� <span
-lang=EN-US>a_text</span>������β�ֶ� <span lang=EN-US>end_data </span>����ִ���ļ��Ĵ���γ��ȼ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于执行文件的代码段长度 <span
+lang=EN-US>a_text</span>；数据尾字段 <span lang=EN-US>end_data </span>等于执行文件的代码段长度加数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ݶγ��ȣ�<span lang=EN-US>a_data
-+ a_text</span>����������̶ѽ�β�ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>brk = a_text + a_data + a_bss</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>据段长度（<span lang=EN-US>a_data
++ a_text</span>）；并令进程堆结尾字段<span lang=EN-US>brk = a_text + a_data + a_bss</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // brk</span>����ָ�����̵�ǰ���ݶΣ�����δ��ʼ�����ݲ��֣�ĩ��λ�ã����ں�Ϊ���̷����ڴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // brk</span>用于指明进程当前数据段（包括未初始化数据部分）末端位置，供内核为进程分配内存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʱָ�����俪ʼλ�á�Ȼ�����ý���ջ��ʼ�ֶ�Ϊջָ������ҳ�棬���������ý��̵���Ч</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>时指定分配开始位置。然后设置进程栈开始字段为栈指针所在页面，并重新设置进程的有效</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�û�<span lang=EN-US>id</span>����Ч��<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用户<span lang=EN-US>id</span>和有效组<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>367</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -71382,23 +71382,23 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;sgid = <u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;egid
 = e_gid;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ԭ����ϵͳ�жϵĳ����ڶ�ջ�ϵĴ���ָ���滻Ϊָ����ִ�г������ڵ㣬����ջ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后将原调用系统中断的程序在堆栈上的代码指针替换为指向新执行程序的入口点，并将栈</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ���滻Ϊ��ִ���ļ���ջָ�롣�˺󷵻�ָ�������Щջ���ݲ�ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>ȥִ����ִ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针替换为新执行文件的栈指针。此后返回指令将弹出这些栈数据并使得<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>去执行新执行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�����˲��᷵�ص�ԭ����ϵͳ�жϵĳ�����ȥ�ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件，因此不会返回到原调用系统中断的程序中去了。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>373</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; eip[0] =
 ex.a_entry;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* eip, magic happens :-) */</i></b>&nbsp;
-/* eip</span>��ħ����������<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+/* eip</span>，魔法起作用了<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>374</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; eip[3] =
 p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/*
 stack pointer */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/*
-esp</span>����ջָ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+esp</span>，堆栈指针<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>375</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return 0;</span></p>
@@ -71409,7 +71409,7 @@ lang=EN-US> exec_error2:</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>377</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>iput</span></u>(inode);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ż�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+// </span>放回<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>378</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> exec_error1:</span></p>
@@ -71421,11 +71421,11 @@ style='color:blue'>MAX_ARG_PAGES</span></u> ; i++)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>380</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>free_page</span></u>(page[i]);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ͷŴ�Ų����ͻ��������ڴ�ҳ�档</p>
+// </span>释放存放参数和环境串的内存页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>381</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return(retval);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���س����롣</p>
+// </span>返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>382</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -71449,7 +71449,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448024"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447428"></a><a name="_Toc53320641"><span lang=EN-US>12.15 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12-15 linux/fs/stat.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>12-15 linux/fs/stat.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -71472,36 +71472,36 @@ linux/fs/stat.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�״̬ͷ�ļ��������ļ�״̬�ṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>�ͳ�����</p>
+#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件状态头文件。含有文件状态结构<span
+lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>和常量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/fs.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�ϵͳͷ�ļ��������ļ����ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>file</span>��<span lang=EN-US>m_inode</span>���ȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/fs.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件系统头文件。定义文件表结构（<span
+lang=EN-US>file</span>、<span lang=EN-US>m_inode</span>）等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ļ�״̬��Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>复制文件状态信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>���ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬<span lang=EN-US>statbuf</span>���û����ݿռ���<span lang=EN-US>stat</span>�ļ�״̬�ṹָ�룬���ڴ��ȡ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>是文件<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，<span lang=EN-US>statbuf</span>是用户数据空间中<span lang=EN-US>stat</span>文件状态结构指针，用于存放取</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�õ�״̬��Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>得的状态信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>cp_stat</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -71518,51 +71518,51 @@ int i;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������֤<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>������ݵ��ڴ�ռ䡣Ȼ����ʱ������Ӧ�ڵ��ϵ���Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先验证<span lang=EN-US>(</span>或分配<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>存放数据的内存空间。然后临时复制相应节点上的信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(statbuf,sizeof (struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>stat</span></u>));</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-tmp.st_dev = inode-&gt;i_dev;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ����ڵ��豸�š�</p>
+tmp.st_dev = inode-&gt;i_dev;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件所在的设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-tmp.st_ino = inode-&gt;i_num;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�š�</p>
+tmp.st_ino = inode-&gt;i_num;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-tmp.st_mode = inode-&gt;i_mode;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ����ԡ�</p>
+tmp.st_mode = inode-&gt;i_mode;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件属性。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-tmp.st_nlink = inode-&gt;i_nlinks;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ���������</p>
+tmp.st_nlink = inode-&gt;i_nlinks;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件连接数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-tmp.st_uid = inode-&gt;i_uid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ����û�<span
-lang=EN-US>ID</span>��</p>
+tmp.st_uid = inode-&gt;i_uid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件的用户<span
+lang=EN-US>ID</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-tmp.st_gid = inode-&gt;i_gid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>ID</span>��</p>
+tmp.st_gid = inode-&gt;i_gid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件的组<span
+lang=EN-US>ID</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tmp.st_rdev = inode-&gt;i_zone[0];&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�豸�ţ����������ַ��ļ�����豸�ļ�����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tmp.st_rdev = inode-&gt;i_zone[0];&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设备号（若是特殊字符文件或块设备文件）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-tmp.st_size = inode-&gt;i_size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ��ֽڳ��ȣ�����ļ��ǳ����ļ�����</p>
+tmp.st_size = inode-&gt;i_size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件字节长度（如果文件是常规文件）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-tmp.st_atime = inode-&gt;i_atime;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʱ�䡣</p>
+tmp.st_atime = inode-&gt;i_atime;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后访问时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-tmp.st_mtime = inode-&gt;i_mtime;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����޸�ʱ�䡣</p>
+tmp.st_mtime = inode-&gt;i_mtime;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后修改时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-tmp.st_ctime = inode-&gt;i_ctime;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��޸�ʱ�䡣</p>
+tmp.st_ctime = inode-&gt;i_ctime;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点修改时间。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Щ״̬��Ϣ���Ƶ��û��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后将这些状态信息复制到用户缓冲区中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for (i=0 ; i&lt;sizeof (tmp) ; i++)</span></p>
@@ -71575,15 +71575,15 @@ for (i=0 ; i&lt;sizeof (tmp) ; i++)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ļ�״̬ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>文件状态系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݸ������ļ�����ȡ����ļ�״̬��Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据给定的文件名获取相关文件状态信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>��ָ�����ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>statbuf</span>�Ǵ��״̬��Ϣ�Ļ�����ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>是指定的文件名，<span
+lang=EN-US>statbuf</span>是存放状态信息的缓冲区指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��ɹ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���������򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：成功返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，若出错则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_stat</span></u>(char * filename, struct <u><span
@@ -71596,10 +71596,10 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ����ļ����ҳ���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣Ȼ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ϵ��ļ�״̬��Ϣ���Ƶ��û��������У�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先根据文件名找出对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。然后将<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点上的文件状态信息复制到用户缓冲区中，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Żظ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并放回该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(inode=<u><span style='color:blue'>namei</span></u>(filename)))</span></p>
@@ -71620,17 +71620,17 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ļ�״̬ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>文件状态系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݸ������ļ�����ȡ����ļ�״̬��Ϣ���ļ�·�������з��������ļ�������ȡ�����ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据给定的文件名获取相关文件状态信息。文件路径名中有符号链接文件名，则取符号文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的状态。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>��ָ�����ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>statbuf</span>�Ǵ��״̬��Ϣ�Ļ�����ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>是指定的文件名，<span
+lang=EN-US>statbuf</span>是存放状态信息的缓冲区指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��ɹ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���������򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：成功返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，若出错则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_lstat</span></u>(char * filename, struct <u><span
@@ -71643,14 +71643,14 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ����ļ����ҳ���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣Ȼ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ϵ��ļ�״̬��Ϣ���Ƶ��û��������У�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先根据文件名找出对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。然后将<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点上的文件状态信息复制到用户缓冲区中，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Żظ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并放回该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(inode = <u><span style='color:blue'>lnamei</span></u>(filename)))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡָ��·����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬������������ӡ�</p>
+// </span>取指定路径名<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，不跟随符号链接。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENOENT</span></u>;</span></p>
@@ -71668,15 +71668,15 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ļ�״̬ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>文件状态系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݸ������ļ������ȡ����ļ�״̬��Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据给定的文件句柄获取相关文件状态信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>��ָ���ļ��ľ��<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>������<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>statbuf</span>�Ǵ��״̬��Ϣ�Ļ�����ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>是指定文件的句柄<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>描述符<span lang=EN-US>)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>statbuf</span>是存放状态信息的缓冲区指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��ɹ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���������򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：成功返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，若出错则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_fstat</span></u>(unsigned int fd, struct <u><span
@@ -71692,16 +71692,16 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ�ļ������Ӧ���ļ��ṹ��Ȼ����еõ��ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣Ȼ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ϵ��ļ�״</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先取文件句柄对应的文件结构，然后从中得到文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。然后将<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点上的文件状</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>̬��Ϣ���Ƶ��û��������С�����ļ����ֵ����һ�����������ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>NR_OPEN</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>态信息复制到用户缓冲区中。如果文件句柄值大于一个程序最多打开文件数<span
+lang=EN-US>NR_OPEN</span>，或</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�߸þ�����ļ��ṹָ��Ϊ�գ����߶�Ӧ�ļ��ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ֶ�Ϊ�գ�����������س���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>者该句柄的文件结构指针为空，或者对应文件结构的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点字段为空，则出错，返回出错</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�벢�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>码并退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (fd &gt;= <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_OPEN</span></u> || !(f=<u><span
@@ -71720,17 +71720,17 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����������ļ�ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>读符号链接文件系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�õ��ö�ȡ���������ļ������ݣ����÷���������ָ���ļ���·�����ַ����������ŵ�ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该调用读取符号链接文件的内容（即该符号链接所指向文件的路径名字符串），并放到指定</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȵ��û��������С���������̫С���ͻ�ضϷ������ӵ����ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>长度的用户缓冲区中。若缓冲区太小，就会截断符号链接的内容。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>path
--- </span>���������ļ�·������<span lang=EN-US>buf -- </span>�û���������<span lang=EN-US>bufsiz
--- </span>���������ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>path
+-- </span>符号链接文件路径名；<span lang=EN-US>buf -- </span>用户缓冲区；<span lang=EN-US>bufsiz
+-- </span>缓冲区长度。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��ɹ��򷵻ط��뻺�����е��ַ�������ʧ���򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：成功则返回放入缓冲区中的字符数；若失败则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_readlink</span></u>(const char * path, char * <u><span
@@ -71752,13 +71752,13 @@ char c;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ�����֤������������Ч�ԣ���������е������û��������ֽڳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>bufsi</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检查和验证函数参数的有效性，并对其进行调整。用户缓冲区字节长度<span
+lang=EN-US>bufsi</span>必须在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1--1023</span>֮�䡣Ȼ��ȡ�÷��������ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬����ȡ���ļ��ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���������ݡ�֮</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1--1023</span>之间。然后取得符号链接文件名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，并读取该文件的第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>块数据内容。之</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ż�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>后放回<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (bufsiz &lt;= 0)</span></p>
@@ -71797,10 +71797,10 @@ bh = <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>iput</span></u>(inode);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ȡ�ļ��������ݳɹ�����������и������<span
-lang=EN-US>bufsiz</span>���ַ����û��������С�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果读取文件数据内容成功，则从内容中复制最多<span
+lang=EN-US>bufsiz</span>个字符到用户缓冲区中。不复制</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // NULL</span>�ַ�������ͷŻ���飬�����ظ��Ƶ��ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // NULL</span>字符。最后释放缓冲块，并返回复制的字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!bh)</span></p>
@@ -71850,7 +71850,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448025"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447429"></a><a name="_Toc53320640"><span lang=EN-US>12.16 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12-16 linux/fs/fcntl.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>12-16 linux/fs/fcntl.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -71873,44 +71873,44 @@ linux/fs/fcntl.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���ͷ�ļ�����Ҫ������һЩ�й��ַ���������Ƕ�뺯����</p>
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串头文件。主要定义了一些有关字符串操作的嵌入函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>�β���ͷ�ļ����������йضμĴ���������Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ����</p>
+#include &lt;asm/segment.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>段操作头文件。定义了有关段寄存器操作的嵌入式汇编函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
-#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�����ͷ�ļ��������ļ������������Ĳ������Ƴ������š�</p>
+#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件控制头文件。定义文件及其描述符的操作控制常数符号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�״̬ͷ�ļ��������ļ�״̬�ṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>�ͳ�����</p>
+#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件状态头文件。含有文件状态结构<span
+lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>和常量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_close</span></u>(int fd);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ر��ļ�ϵͳ���á�<span lang=EN-US>(fs/open.c, 192)</span></p>
+// </span>关闭文件系统调用。<span lang=EN-US>(fs/open.c, 192)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ļ�������ļ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>复制文件句柄（文件描述符）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>�������Ƶ��ļ������<span
-lang=EN-US>arg</span>ָ�����ļ��������С��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>是欲复制的文件句柄，<span
+lang=EN-US>arg</span>指定新文件句柄的最小数值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ļ����������롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回新文件句柄或出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>dupfd</span></u>(unsigned int fd,
@@ -71918,13 +71918,13 @@ unsigned int arg)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ�麯����������Ч�ԡ�����ļ����ֵ����һ�����������ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>NR_OPEN</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检查函数参数的有效性。如果文件句柄值大于一个程序最多打开文件数<span
+lang=EN-US>NR_OPEN</span>，或者</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�þ�����ļ��ṹ�����ڣ��򷵻س����벢�˳������ָ�����¾��ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>arg</span>����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该句柄的文件结构不存在，则返回出错码并退出。如果指定的新句柄值<span
+lang=EN-US>arg</span>大于最多打开文</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ҳ���س����벢�˳���ע�⣬ʵ�����ļ�������ǽ����ļ��ṹָ�������������š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>件数，也返回出错码并退出。注意，实际上文件句柄就是进程文件结构指针数组项索引号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (fd &gt;= <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_OPEN</span></u> || !<u><span
@@ -71939,11 +71939,11 @@ if (arg &gt;= <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_OPEN</span></u>)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���ڵ�ǰ���̵��ļ��ṹָ��������Ѱ�������ŵ��ڻ����<span
-lang=EN-US>arg</span>������û��ʹ�õ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后在当前进程的文件结构指针数组中寻找索引号等于或大于<span
+lang=EN-US>arg</span>，但还没有使用的项。若</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ҵ����¾��ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>arg</span>���������ļ�������û�п�������򷵻س����벢�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>找到的新句柄值<span
+lang=EN-US>arg</span>大于最多打开文件数（即没有空闲项），则返回出错码并退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 while (arg &lt; <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_OPEN</span></u>)</span></p>
@@ -71966,14 +71966,14 @@ if (arg &gt;= <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_OPEN</span></u>)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EMFILE</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ҵ��Ŀ�������������ִ��ʱ�رձ�־λͼ<span
-lang=EN-US>close_on_exec</span>�и�λ�þ��λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则针对找到的空闲项（句柄），在执行时关闭标志位图<span
+lang=EN-US>close_on_exec</span>中复位该句柄位。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>exec()</span>�ຯ��ʱ������ر���<span
-lang=EN-US>dup()</span>�����ľ����������ļ��ṹָ�����ԭ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即在运行<span lang=EN-US>exec()</span>类函数时，不会关闭用<span
+lang=EN-US>dup()</span>创建的句柄。并令该文件结构指针等于原句</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>��ָ�룬���ҽ��ļ����ü�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����󷵻��µ��ļ����<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>柄<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>的指针，并且将文件引用计数增<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。最后返回新的文件句柄<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;close_on_exec &amp;=
@@ -71990,16 +71990,16 @@ return arg;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ļ����ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>复制文件句柄系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ���ļ����<span
-lang=EN-US>oldfd</span>�����ļ����ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>newfd</span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>newfd</span>�Ѵ򿪣������ȹر�֮��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复制指定文件句柄<span
+lang=EN-US>oldfd</span>，新文件句柄值等于<span lang=EN-US>newfd</span>。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>newfd</span>已打开，则首先关闭之。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>oldfd
--- </span>ԭ�ļ������<span lang=EN-US>newfd - </span>���ļ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>oldfd
+-- </span>原文件句柄；<span lang=EN-US>newfd - </span>新文件句柄。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ļ����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回新文件句柄值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_dup2</span></u>(unsigned int oldfd, unsigned
@@ -72009,25 +72009,25 @@ int newfd)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_close</span></u>(newfd);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>newfd</span>�Ѿ��򿪣������ȹر�֮��</p>
+// </span>若句柄<span lang=EN-US>newfd</span>已经打开，则首先关闭之。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return <u><span style='color:blue'>dupfd</span></u>(oldfd,newfd);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Ʋ������¾����</p>
+// </span>复制并返回新句柄。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ļ����ϵͳ���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>复制文件句柄系统调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ���ļ����<span
-lang=EN-US>oldfd</span>���¾����ֵ�ǵ�ǰ��С��δ�þ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复制指定文件句柄<span
+lang=EN-US>oldfd</span>，新句柄的值是当前最小的未用句柄值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>fildes
--- </span>�����Ƶ��ļ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>fildes
+-- </span>被复制的文件句柄。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ļ����ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回新文件句柄值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_dup</span></u>(unsigned int fildes)</span></p>
@@ -72041,30 +72041,30 @@ return <u><span style='color:blue'>dupfd</span></u>(fildes,0);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ļ�����ϵͳ���ú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>文件控制系统调用函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>���ļ������<span
-lang=EN-US>cmd</span>�ǿ�������μ�<span lang=EN-US>include/fcntl.h</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>23-30</span>�У���<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>����Բ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>是文件句柄；<span
+lang=EN-US>cmd</span>是控制命令（参见<span lang=EN-US>include/fcntl.h</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>23-30</span>行）；<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>则针对不</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͬ�������в�ͬ�ĺ��塣���ڸ��ƾ������<span
-lang=EN-US>F_DUPFD</span>��<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>�����ļ������ȡ����Сֵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>同的命令有不同的含义。对于复制句柄命令<span
+lang=EN-US>F_DUPFD</span>，<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>是新文件句柄可取的最小值；对</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ļ������ͷ��ʱ�־����<span
-lang=EN-US>F_SETFL</span>��<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>���µ��ļ������ͷ���ģʽ�������ļ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于设置文件操作和访问标志命令<span
+lang=EN-US>F_SETFL</span>，<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>是新的文件操作和访问模式。对于文件上锁</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>F_GETLK</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>F_SETLK</span>��<span lang=EN-US>F_SETLKW</span>��<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>flock</span>�ṹ��ָ�롣�����ں���û��ʵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>命令<span lang=EN-US>F_GETLK</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>F_SETLK</span>和<span lang=EN-US>F_SETLKW</span>，<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>是指向<span
+lang=EN-US>flock</span>结构的指针。但本内核中没有实现</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ��������ܡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件上锁功能。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��������������в���������<span
-lang=EN-US>-1</span>�����ɹ�����ô<span lang=EN-US>F_DUPFD </span>�������ļ������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：若出错，则所有操作都返回<span
+lang=EN-US>-1</span>。若成功，那么<span lang=EN-US>F_DUPFD </span>返回新文件句柄；<span
 lang=EN-US> F_GETFD</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ļ�����ĵ�ǰִ��ʱ�رձ�־<span
-lang=EN-US>close_on_exec</span>��<span lang=EN-US>F_GETFL</span>�����ļ������ͷ��ʱ�־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回文件句柄的当前执行时关闭标志<span
+lang=EN-US>close_on_exec</span>；<span lang=EN-US>F_GETFL</span>返回文件操作和访问标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_fcntl</span></u>(unsigned int fd, unsigned int
@@ -72078,13 +72078,13 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>file</span></u> * filp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ��������ļ��������Ч�ԡ�Ȼ����ݲ�ͬ����<span
-lang=EN-US>cmd </span>���зֱ����� ����ļ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检查给出的文件句柄的有效性。然后根据不同命令<span
+lang=EN-US>cmd </span>进行分别处理。 如果文件句柄</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֵ����һ�����������ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>NR_OPEN</span>�����߸þ�����ļ��ṹָ��Ϊ�գ��򷵻س�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>值大于一个进程最多打开文件数<span
+lang=EN-US>NR_OPEN</span>，或者该句柄的文件结构指针为空，则返回出错码</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;if (fd &gt;= <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_OPEN</span></u> || !(filp = <u><span
@@ -72098,21 +72098,21 @@ switch (cmd) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <u><span style='color:blue'>F_DUPFD</span></u>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ļ������</p>
+// </span>复制文件句柄。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return <u><span style='color:blue'>dupfd</span></u>(fd,arg);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <u><span style='color:blue'>F_GETFD</span></u>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ�ļ������ִ��ʱ�رձ�־��</p>
+// </span>取文件句柄的执行时关闭标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return (<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;close_on_exec&gt;&gt;fd)&amp;1;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-case <u><span style='color:blue'>F_SETFD</span></u>:&nbsp; // </span>����ִ��ʱ�رձ�־��<span
-lang=EN-US>arg</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��λ�����ã�����رա�</p>
+case <u><span style='color:blue'>F_SETFD</span></u>:&nbsp; // </span>设置执行时关闭标志。<span
+lang=EN-US>arg</span>位<span lang=EN-US>0</span>置位是设置，否则关闭。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (arg&amp;1)</span></p>
@@ -72133,15 +72133,15 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 case <u><span style='color:blue'>F_GETFL</span></u>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ�ļ�״̬��־�ͷ���ģʽ��</p>
+// </span>取文件状态标志和访问模式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return filp-&gt;f_flags;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case
-<u><span style='color:blue'>F_SETFL</span></u>: // </span>�����ļ�״̬�ͷ���ģʽ������<span
-lang=EN-US>arg</span>�������ӡ���������־����</p>
+<u><span style='color:blue'>F_SETFL</span></u>: // </span>设置文件状态和访问模式（根据<span
+lang=EN-US>arg</span>设置添加、非阻塞标志）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 filp-&gt;f_flags &amp;= ~(<u><span style='color:blue'>O_APPEND</span></u> | <u><span
@@ -72158,7 +72158,7 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;case <u><span
 style='color:blue'>F_GETLK</span></u>:&nbsp;&nbsp; case <u><span
 style='color:blue'>F_SETLK</span></u>:&nbsp;&nbsp; case <u><span
-style='color:blue'>F_SETLKW</span></u>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>δʵ�֡�</p>
+style='color:blue'>F_SETLKW</span></u>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>未实现。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -1;</span></p>
@@ -72192,7 +72192,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448026"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447430"></a><a name="_Toc53320650"><span lang=EN-US>12.17 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12-17 linux/fs/ioctl.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>12-17 linux/fs/ioctl.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -72215,36 +72215,36 @@ linux/fs/ioctl.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���ͷ�ļ�����Ҫ������һЩ�й��ַ���������Ƕ�뺯����</p>
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串头文件。主要定义了一些有关字符串操作的嵌入函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ�и��ֳ����š�</p>
+#include &lt;errno.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>错误号头文件。包含系统中各种出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�״̬ͷ�ļ��������ļ�״̬�ṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>�ͳ�����</p>
+#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件状态头文件。含有文件状态结构<span
+lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>和常量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ݵȡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>数据等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_ioctl</span></u>(int dev, int cmd,
-int arg);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // chr_drv/tty_ioctl.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>133</span>�С�</p>
+int arg);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // chr_drv/tty_ioctl.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>133</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>pipe_ioctl</span></u>(struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> *pino, int cmd, int arg);&nbsp; //
-fs/pipe.c</span>����<span lang=EN-US>118</span>�С�</p>
+fs/pipe.c</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>118</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������<span
-lang=EN-US>(ioctl)</span>����ָ�����͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义输入输出控制<span
+lang=EN-US>(ioctl)</span>函数指针类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 typedef int (*<u><span style='color:blue'>ioctl_ptr</span></u>)(int dev,int
@@ -72252,7 +72252,7 @@ cmd,int arg);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡϵͳ���豸�����ĺꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取系统中设备种数的宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NRDEVS</span></u> ((sizeof (<u><span
@@ -72261,7 +72261,7 @@ blue'>ioctl_ptr</span></u>)))</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ioctl</span>��������ָ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ioctl</span>操作函数指针表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 static <u><span style='color:blue'>ioctl_ptr</span></u> <u><span
@@ -72304,19 +72304,19 @@ style='color:blue'>ioctl_table</span></u>[]={</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ϵͳ���ú���<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>����������ƺ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>系统调用函数<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>输入输出控制函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú��������жϲ����������ļ��������Ƿ���Ч��Ȼ����ݶ�Ӧ<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ļ������ж��ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先判断参数给出的文件描述符是否有效。然后根据对应<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点中文件属性判断文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ͣ������ݾ����ļ����͵�����صĴ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>类型，并根据具体文件类型调用相关的处理函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>fd
-- </span>�ļ���������<span lang=EN-US>cmd - </span>�����룻<span lang=EN-US>arg - </span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>fd
+- </span>文件描述符；<span lang=EN-US>cmd - </span>命令码；<span lang=EN-US>arg - </span>参数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��ɹ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：成功则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，否则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_ioctl</span></u>(unsigned int fd, unsigned int
@@ -72333,9 +72333,9 @@ int dev,mode;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϸ������ļ�����������Ч�ԡ�����ļ������������ɴ򿪵��ļ��������߶�Ӧ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断给出的文件描述符的有效性。如果文件描述符超出可打开的文件数，或者对应描述</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ļ��ṹָ��Ϊ�գ��򷵻س������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符的文件结构指针为空，则返回出错码退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (fd &gt;= <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_OPEN</span></u> || !(filp = <u><span
@@ -72344,11 +72344,11 @@ style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;filp[fd]))</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EBADF</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ļ��ṹ��Ӧ���ǹܵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬����ݽ����Ƿ���Ȩ�����ùܵ�ȷ���Ƿ�ִ�йܵ�<span lang=EN-US>IO</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果文件结构对应的是管道<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，则根据进程是否有权操作该管道确定是否执行管道<span lang=EN-US>IO</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ʋ���������Ȩִ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>pipe_ioctl()</span>�����򷵻���Ч�ļ������롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制操作。若有权执行则调用<span
+lang=EN-US>pipe_ioctl()</span>，否则返回无效文件错误码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (filp-&gt;f_inode-&gt;i_pipe)</span></p>
@@ -72357,12 +72357,12 @@ if (filp-&gt;f_inode-&gt;i_pipe)</span></p>
 return (filp-&gt;f_mode&amp;1)?<u><span style='color:blue'>pipe_ioctl</span></u>(filp-&gt;f_inode,cmd,arg):-<u><span
 style='color:blue'>EBADF</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������ļ���ȡ��Ӧ�ļ������ԣ����ݴ��ж��ļ������͡�������ļ��Ȳ����ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于其他类型文件，取对应文件的属性，并据此判断文件的类型。如果该文件既不是字符设</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ���Ҳ���ǿ��豸�ļ����򷵻س������˳��������ַ�����豸�ļ�������ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>备文件，也不是块设备文件，则返回出错码退出。若是字符或块设备文件，则从文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ�豸�š�����豸�Ŵ���ϵͳ���е��豸�����򷵻س����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>点中取设备号。如果设备号大于系统现有的设备数，则返回出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mode=filp-&gt;f_inode-&gt;i_mode;</span></p>
@@ -72384,10 +72384,10 @@ style='color:blue'>NRDEVS</span></u>)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>ENODEV</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����<span lang=EN-US>IO</span>���Ʊ�<span
-lang=EN-US>ioctl_table</span>��ö�Ӧ�豸��<span lang=EN-US>ioctl</span>����ָ�룬�����øú������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后根据<span lang=EN-US>IO</span>控制表<span
+lang=EN-US>ioctl_table</span>查得对应设备的<span lang=EN-US>ioctl</span>函数指针，并调用该函数。如果该设</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>ioctl</span>����ָ�����û�ж�Ӧ�������򷵻س����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>备在<span lang=EN-US>ioctl</span>函数指针表中没有对应函数，则返回出错码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!<u><span style='color:blue'>ioctl_table</span></u>[<u><span
@@ -72420,7 +72420,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448027"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447431"><span lang=EN-US>12.18 </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>12-18 linux/fs/select.c</span></a></h2>
+黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>12-18 linux/fs/select.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -72445,16 +72445,16 @@ patches by Peter MacDonald. Heavily edited by Linus.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ļ����д���<span
-lang=EN-US>select()</span>ϵͳ���õĹ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>本文件含有处理<span
+lang=EN-US>select()</span>系统调用的过程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>Peter MacDonald</span>����<span lang=EN-US>Mathius Lattner</span>�ṩ��<span
-lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>ϵͳ�Ĳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>这是<span
+lang=EN-US>Peter MacDonald</span>基于<span lang=EN-US>Mathius Lattner</span>提供给<span
+lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>系统的补丁</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����޸Ķ��ɡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>程序修改而成。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -72540,24 +72540,24 @@ task.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>Peter</span>�����˸��ӵ���ֱ�۵Ķ��<span lang=EN-US>_wait()</span>�������Ҷ���Щ���������˸�д����ʹ֮</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>Peter</span>编制了复杂但很直观的多个<span lang=EN-US>_wait()</span>函数。我对这些函数进行了改写，以使之</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ࣺ��Щ������ܲ����׿�������������Ӧ�ò�����ھ����������⣬���Һ�ʵ�ʡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>更简洁：这些代码可能不容易看懂，但是其中应该不会存在竞争条件问题，并且很实际。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����������������ƵĴ��룬��ô��˵�����Ѿ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>��˯��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>���ѵĹ������ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>如果你能理解这里编制的代码，那么就说明你已经理解<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>中睡眠<span lang=EN-US>/</span>唤醒的工作机制。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����ܼ򵥵Ĺ��̣�<span
-lang=EN-US>add_wait()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>free_wait()</span>ִ������Ҫ������������<span
-lang=EN-US>select</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>两个很简单的过程，<span
+lang=EN-US>add_wait()</span>和<span lang=EN-US>free_wait()</span>执行了主要操作。在整个<span
+lang=EN-US>select</span>处理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���������ǲ��ò���ֹ�жϡ��������������������̫�����ʧ����Ϊ�����ǲ���ִ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>过程中我们不得不禁止中断。但是这样做并不会带来太多的损失：因为当我们不在执行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������ʱ˯��״̬���Զ����ͷ��жϣ������������ʹ���Լ�<span
-lang=EN-US>EFLAGS</span>�е��жϱ�־����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>本任务时睡眠状态会自动地释放中断（即其他任务会使用自己<span
+lang=EN-US>EFLAGS</span>中的中断标志）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -72592,15 +72592,15 @@ style='color:blue'>select_table</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��δ׼�����������ĵȴ�����ָ�����ȴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>wait_table</span>�С�����<span lang=EN-US>*wait_address</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把未准备好描述符的等待队列指针加入等待表<span
+lang=EN-US>wait_table</span>中。参数<span lang=EN-US>*wait_address</span>是与描述</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����صĵȴ�����ͷָ�롣����<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>���������<span lang=EN-US>secondary</span>�ĵȴ�����ͷָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>proc_list</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符相关的等待队列头指针。例如<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>读缓冲队列<span lang=EN-US>secondary</span>的等待队列头指针是<span
+lang=EN-US>proc_list</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���� <span lang=EN-US>p</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>do_select()</span>�ж���ĵȴ����ṹָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数 <span lang=EN-US>p</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>do_select()</span>中定义的等待表结构指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>add_wait</span></u>(struct <u><span
@@ -72614,11 +72614,11 @@ int i;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ж��������Ƿ��ж�Ӧ�ĵȴ����У������򷵻ء�Ȼ���ڵȴ�������������ָ���ĵȴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断描述符是否有对应的等待队列，若无则返回。然后在等待表中搜索参数指定的等待</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ���Ƿ��Ѿ��ڵȴ��������ù��������ù�Ҳ���̷��ء�����ж���Ҫ����Թܵ��ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>队列指针是否已经在等待表中设置过，若设置过也立刻返回。这个判断主要是针对管道文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������������һ���ܵ��ڵȴ����Խ��ж���������ô��ض��������̽���д������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>描述符。例如若一个管道在等待可以进行读操作，那么其必定可以立刻进行写操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!wait_address)</span></p>
@@ -72635,15 +72635,15 @@ if (p-&gt;entry[i].wait_address == wait_address)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����ǰ���������Ӧ�ȴ����е�ͷָ�뱣���ڵȴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>wait_table</span>�У�ͬʱ�õȴ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后我们把描述符对应等待队列的头指针保存在等待表<span
+lang=EN-US>wait_table</span>中，同时让等待表项的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // old_task</span>�ֶ�ָ��ȴ�����ͷָ��ָ�������������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�������õȴ�����ͷָ��ָ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // old_task</span>字段指向等待队列头指针指向的任务（若无则为<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>），在让等待队列头指针指</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ�������ѵȴ�����Ч�����ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>179</span>�б���ʼ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>向当前任务。最后把等待表有效项计数值<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>增<span lang=EN-US>1</span>（其在第<span lang=EN-US>179</span>行被初始化为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 p-&gt;entry[p-&gt;nr].wait_address = wait_address;</span></p>
@@ -72661,14 +72661,14 @@ p-&gt;nr++;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��յȴ����������ǵȴ����ṹָ�롣��������<span
-lang=EN-US>do_select()</span>������˯�ߺ󱻻��ѷ���ʱ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>清空等待表。参数是等待表结构指针。本函数在<span
+lang=EN-US>do_select()</span>函数中睡眠后被唤醒返回时被调用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>204</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>207</span>�У������ڻ��ѵȴ����д��ڸ����ȴ������ϵ�������������<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（第<span lang=EN-US>204</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>207</span>行），用于唤醒等待表中处于各个等待队列上的其他任务。它与<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>sleep_on()</span>�����ĺ�벿�ִ��뼸����ȫ��ͬ����ο���<span
-lang=EN-US>sleep_on()</span>������˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中<span lang=EN-US>sleep_on()</span>函数的后半部分代码几乎完全相同，请参考对<span
+lang=EN-US>sleep_on()</span>函数的说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>
 static void <u><span style='color:blue'>free_wait</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -72684,18 +72684,18 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> ** tpp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȴ����и����<span
-lang=EN-US>nr </span>����Ч���¼�ĵȴ�����ͷָ��������������������ӽ��ĵȴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果等待表中各项（供<span
+lang=EN-US>nr </span>个有效项）记录的等待队列头指针表明还有其他后来添加进的等待</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������̵��� <span
-lang=EN-US>sleep_on() </span>������˯���ڸõȴ������ϣ������ʱ�ȴ�����ͷָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>任务（例如其他进程调用 <span
+lang=EN-US>sleep_on() </span>函数而睡眠在该等待队列上），则此时等待队列头指针</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��Ĳ��ǵ�ǰ���̣���ô���Ǿ���Ҫ�Ȼ�����Щ���񡣲��������ǽ��ȴ�����ͷ��ָ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指向的不是当前进程，那么我们就需要先唤醒这些任务。操作方法是将等待队列头所指任务先</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ����״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>state = 0</span>���������Լ�����Ϊ�����жϵȴ�״̬�����Լ�Ҫ�ȴ���Щ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>置为就绪状态（<span
+lang=EN-US>state = 0</span>），并把自己设置为不可中断等待状态，即自己要等待这些后续进队</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�е����񱻻��Ѷ�ִ��ʱ�����ѱ�����Ȼ������ִ�е��ȳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>列的任务被唤醒而执行时来唤醒本任务。然后重新执行调度程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for (i = 0; i &lt; p-&gt;nr ; i++) {</span></p>
@@ -72721,19 +72721,19 @@ while (*tpp &amp;&amp; *tpp != <u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>)
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�е����˵���ȴ�����ǰ�������еĵȴ�����ͷָ���ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>wait_address</span>ָ��ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行到这里，说明等待表当前处理项中的等待队列头指针字段<span
+lang=EN-US>wait_address</span>指向当前任务，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ϊ�գ���������������⣬������ʾ������Ϣ��Ȼ�������õȴ�����ͷָ��ָ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若它为空，则表明调度有问题，于是显示警告信息。然后我们让等待队列头指针指向在我们</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ǰ�������е����񣨵�<span
-lang=EN-US>76</span>�У�������ʱ��ͷָ��ȷʵָ��һ�����������<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>����˵��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>前面进入队列的任务（第<span
+lang=EN-US>76</span>行）。若此时该头指针确实指向一个任务而不是<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，则说明</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����л�������<span
-lang=EN-US>*tpp</span>��Ϊ�գ������ǽ����������óɾ���״̬������֮�����ѵȴ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>队列中还有任务（<span
+lang=EN-US>*tpp</span>不为空），于是将该任务设置成就绪状态，唤醒之。最后把等待表的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ч��������ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>���㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有效表项计数字段<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;if (!*tpp)</span></p>
@@ -72757,8 +72757,8 @@ p-&gt;nr = 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ļ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ж��ļ��Ƿ����ַ��ն��豸�ļ��������򷵻���<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹָ�룬���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据文件<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点判断文件是否是字符终端设备文件。若是则返回其<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构指针，否则返回<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>
 static struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -72772,9 +72772,9 @@ int major, minor;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ַ��豸�ļ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��������豸�Ų���<span lang=EN-US>5</span>�������նˣ���<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果不是字符设备文件则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。如果主设备号不是<span lang=EN-US>5</span>（控制终端）或<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>，则返回<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!<u><span style='color:blue'>S_ISCHR</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_mode))</span></p>
@@ -72789,13 +72789,13 @@ if ((major = <u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR</span></u>(inode-&gt;i_zone[0]))
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������豸����<span
-lang=EN-US>5</span>����ô���ն��豸�ŵ��ڽ��̵�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ֶ�ֵ������͵����ַ��豸�ļ����豸�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果主设备号是<span
+lang=EN-US>5</span>，那么其终端设备号等于进程的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>字段值，否则就等于字符设备文件次设备号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ն��豸��С��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ����û�п����ն˻�û��ʹ���նˣ����Ƿ���<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�����򷵻ض�Ӧ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果终端设备号小于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示进程没有控制终端或没有使用终端，于是返回<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。否则返回对应的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>�ṹָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>结构指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (major == 5)</span></p>
@@ -72837,21 +72837,21 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * check_XX</span>�������ڼ��һ���ļ�������֪�����ļ�Ҫô�ǹܵ��ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * check_XX</span>函数用于检查一个文件。我们知道该文件要么是管道文件、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>Ҫô���ַ��豸�ļ�������Ҫô��һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>FIFO</span>��<span lang=EN-US>FIFO</span>��δʵ�֣���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>要么是字符设备文件，或者要么是一个<span
+lang=EN-US>FIFO</span>（<span lang=EN-US>FIFO</span>还未实现）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ļ������Ƿ�׼���ã����ն˶��������<span
-lang=EN-US>secondary</span>�Ƿ����ַ��ɶ������߹ܵ��ļ��Ƿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>检查读文件操作是否准备好，即终端读缓冲队列<span
+lang=EN-US>secondary</span>是否有字符可读，或者管道文件是否</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ա�����<span lang=EN-US>wait</span>�ǵȴ���ָ�룻<span
-lang=EN-US>inode</span>���ļ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�롣���������ɽ��ж������򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>不空。参数<span lang=EN-US>wait</span>是等待表指针；<span
+lang=EN-US>inode</span>是文件<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针。若描述符可进行读操作则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，否</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>103</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>check_in</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -72868,26 +72868,26 @@ style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u> * tty;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ����ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����<span lang=EN-US>get_tty()</span>����ļ��Ƿ���һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�նˣ��ַ����豸�ļ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先根据文件<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点调用<span lang=EN-US>get_tty()</span>检测文件是否是一个<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端（字符）设备文件，如果是则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ն˶��������<span
-lang=EN-US>secondary</span>���Ƿ����ַ��ɹ���ȡ�������򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>secondary</span>Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>检查该终端读缓冲队列<span
+lang=EN-US>secondary</span>中是否有字符可供读取，若有则返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，若此时<span
+lang=EN-US>secondary</span>为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ѵ�ǰ�������ӵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>secondary</span>�ĵȴ�����<span lang=EN-US>proc_list</span>�ϲ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������ǹܵ��ļ������ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>空则把当前任务添加到<span
+lang=EN-US>secondary</span>的等待队列<span lang=EN-US>proc_list</span>上并返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。如果是管道文件，则判断</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀǰ�ܵ����Ƿ����ַ��ɶ��������򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����û�У��ܵ��գ���ѵ�ǰ�������ӵ��ܵ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目前管道中是否有字符可读，若有则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，若没有（管道空）则把当前任务添加到管道<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ĵȴ������ϲ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��ע�⣬<span lang=EN-US>PIPE_EMPTY()</span>��ʹ�ùܵ���ǰͷβָ��λ�����жϹܵ��Ƿ�ա�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的等待队列上并返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。注意，<span lang=EN-US>PIPE_EMPTY()</span>宏使用管道当前头尾指针位置来判断管道是否空。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ܵ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i_zone[0]</span>��<span lang=EN-US>i_zone[1]</span>�ֶηֱ����Źܵ���ǰ��ͷβָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>管道<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的<span
+lang=EN-US>i_zone[0]</span>和<span lang=EN-US>i_zone[1]</span>字段分别存放着管道当前的头尾指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>107</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if (tty = <u><span
@@ -72940,14 +72940,14 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ļ�д�����Ƿ�׼���ã����ն�д�������<span
-lang=EN-US>write_q</span>���Ƿ��п���λ�ÿ�д�����ߴ�ʱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>检查文件写操作是否准备好，即终端写缓冲队列<span
+lang=EN-US>write_q</span>中是否还有空闲位置可写，或者此时管</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ��Ƿ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>wait</span>�ǵȴ���ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>���ļ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�롣���������ɽ���д������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>道文件是否不满。参数<span
+lang=EN-US>wait</span>是等待表指针；<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>是文件<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针。若描述符可进行写操作则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，否则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>120</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>check_out</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -72964,21 +72964,21 @@ style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u> * tty;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>123</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȸ����ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����<span lang=EN-US>get_tty()</span>����ļ��Ƿ���һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�նˣ��ַ����豸�ļ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先根据文件<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点调用<span lang=EN-US>get_tty()</span>检测文件是否是一个<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端（字符）设备文件，如果是则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ն�д�������<span
-lang=EN-US>write_q</span>���Ƿ��пռ��д�룬�����򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����û�пտռ���ѵ�ǰ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>检查该终端写缓冲队列<span
+lang=EN-US>write_q</span>中是否有空间可写入，若有则返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，若没有空空间则把当前任</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ӵ�<span lang=EN-US>write_q</span>�ĵȴ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>proc_list</span>�ϲ�����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������ǹܵ��ļ����ж�Ŀǰ�ܵ����Ƿ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>务添加到<span lang=EN-US>write_q</span>的等待队列<span
+lang=EN-US>proc_list</span>上并返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。如果是管道文件则判断目前管道中是否有</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���пռ��д���ַ��������򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����û�У��ܵ�������ѵ�ǰ�������ӵ��ܵ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ĵȴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>空闲空间可写入字符，若有则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，若没有（管道满）则把当前任务添加到管道<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的等待</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ϲ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>队列上并返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>124</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (tty = <u><span
@@ -73031,18 +73031,18 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>136</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ļ��Ƿ����쳣״̬�������ն��豸�ļ���Ŀǰ�ں����Ƿ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ڹܵ��ļ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>检查文件是否处于异常状态。对于终端设备文件，目前内核总是返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。对于管道文件，如果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ�����ܵ�����������һ�����ѱ��رգ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������Ͱѵ�ǰ�������ӵ��ܵ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时两个管道描述符中有一个或都已被关闭，则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，否则就把当前任务添加到管道<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ĵȴ������ϲ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span lang=EN-US>wait</span>�ǵȴ���ָ�룻<span
-lang=EN-US>inode</span>���ļ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�롣������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的等待队列上并返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。参数<span lang=EN-US>wait</span>是等待表指针；<span
+lang=EN-US>inode</span>是文件<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针。若出现</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�쳣�����򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>异常条件则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，否则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>check_ex</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -73109,17 +73109,17 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // do_select() </span>���ں�ִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>select()</span>ϵͳ���õ�ʵ�ʴ����������ú������ȼ�����������и���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // do_select() </span>是内核执行<span
+lang=EN-US>select()</span>系统调用的实际处理函数。该函数首先检查描述符集中各个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������Ч�ԣ�Ȼ��ֱ�����������������������麯��<span
-lang=EN-US>check_XX()</span>��ÿ�����������м�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>描述符的有效性，然后分别调用相关描述符集描述符检查函数<span
+lang=EN-US>check_XX()</span>对每个描述符进行检</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�飬ͬʱͳ�����������е�ǰ�Ѿ�׼���õ������������������κ�һ���������Ѿ�׼���ã���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>查，同时统计描述符集中当前已经准备好的描述符个数。若有任何一个描述符已经准备好，本</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ͻ����̷��أ�������̾ͻ��ڱ������н���˯��״̬�����ڹ��˳�ʱʱ���������ĳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数就会立刻返回，否则进程就会在本函数中进入睡眠状态，并在过了超时时间或者由于某个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ڵȴ������ϵĽ��̱����Ѷ�ʹ�����̼������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>描述符所在等待队列上的进程被唤醒而使本进程继续运行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>do_select</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -73138,12 +73138,12 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int <u><span
 style='color:blue'>count</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��׼���õ���������������ֵ��</p>
+</span>已准备好的描述符个数计数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>select_table</span></u> wait_table;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�ȴ����ṹ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>等待表结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i;</span></p>
@@ -73155,18 +73155,18 @@ style='color:blue'>fd_set</span></u> mask;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ȱ�<span lang=EN-US>3</span>�������������л��������<span
-lang=EN-US>mask</span>�еõ�������������Ч����������λ�����롣 Ȼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先把<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个描述符集进行或操作，在<span
+lang=EN-US>mask</span>中得到描述符集中有效描述符比特位屏蔽码。 然后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ѭ���жϵ�ǰ���̸����������Ƿ���Ч���Ұ��������������ڡ���ѭ���У�ÿ�ж���һ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>循环判断当前进程各个描述符是否有效并且包含在描述符集内。在循环中，每判断完一个描述</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ͻ��<span lang=EN-US>mask</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>λ����˸���<span lang=EN-US>mask</span>�������Ч����λ���ǾͿ����ж���Ӧ�������Ƿ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符就会把<span lang=EN-US>mask</span>右移<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>位，因此根据<span lang=EN-US>mask</span>的最低有效比特位我们就可以判断相应描述符是否在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�û����������������С���Ч��������Ӧ����һ���ܵ��ļ���������������һ���ַ��豸�ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用户给定的描述符集中。有效的描述符应该是一个管道文件描述符，或者是一个字符设备文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������������һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>FIFO</span>���������������͵Ķ���Ϊ��Ч������������<span lang=EN-US>EBADF</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>描述符，或者是一个<span
+lang=EN-US>FIFO</span>描述符，其余类型的都作为无效描述符而返回<span lang=EN-US>EBADF</span>错误。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mask = in | out |
@@ -73179,7 +73179,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i = 0 ; i &lt;
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(mask &amp; 1))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����������������������ж���һ����</p>
+// </span>若不在描述符集中则继续判断下一个。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -73188,7 +73188,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>166</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;filp[i])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ļ�δ�򿪣��򷵻�����������</p>
+// </span>若该文件未打开，则返回描述符错。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>167</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -73197,7 +73197,7 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EBADF</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;filp[i]-&gt;f_inode)&nbsp;
-// </span>���ļ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ��գ��򷵻ش���š�</p>
+// </span>若文件<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针空，则返回错误号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>169</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -73206,7 +73206,7 @@ return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EBADF</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if
 (<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;filp[i]-&gt;f_inode-&gt;i_pipe)
-// </span>���ǹܵ��ļ�������������Ч��</p>
+// </span>若是管道文件描述符，则有效。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -73215,7 +73215,7 @@ continue;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>172</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>S_ISCHR</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;filp[i]-&gt;f_inode-&gt;i_mode))
-// </span>�ַ��豸�ļ���Ч��</p>
+// </span>字符设备文件有效。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>173</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -73224,7 +73224,7 @@ continue;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>174</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>S_ISFIFO</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;filp[i]-&gt;f_inode-&gt;i_mode))
-// FIFO</span>Ҳ��Ч��</p>
+// FIFO</span>也有效。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -73233,26 +73233,26 @@ continue;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return -<u><span style='color:blue'>EBADF</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���඼��Ϊ��Ч�����������ء�</p>
+// </span>其余都作为无效描述符而返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>177</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���濪ʼѭ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>�����������еĸ����������Ƿ�׼���ã����Բ���������ʱ<span lang=EN-US>mask</span>������ǰ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面开始循环检查<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>个描述符集中的各个描述符是否准备好（可以操作）。此时<span lang=EN-US>mask</span>用作当前</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڴ����������������롣ѭ���е�<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>������<span lang=EN-US>check_in()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>check_out()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>check_ex()</span>�ֱ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>正在处理描述符的屏蔽码。循环中的<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>个函数<span lang=EN-US>check_in()</span>、<span lang=EN-US>check_out()</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>check_ex()</span>分别用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ж��������Ƿ��Ѿ�׼���á���һ���������Ѿ�׼���ã���������������������ö�Ӧ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>来判断描述符是否已经准备好。若一个描述符已经准备好，则在相关描述符集中设置对应比特</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ�����Ұ���׼������������������ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����<span lang=EN-US>183</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>for</span>ѭ������е�<span lang=EN-US> mask += mask</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位，并且把已准备好描述符个数计数值<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>增<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。第<span lang=EN-US>183</span>行<span
+lang=EN-US>for</span>循环语句中的<span lang=EN-US> mask += mask</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ч�� <span lang=EN-US>mask&lt;&lt;
-1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等效于 <span lang=EN-US>mask&lt;&lt;
+1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>178</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> repeat:</span></p>
@@ -73275,11 +73275,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mask = 1;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i = 0 ; i &lt;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_OPEN</span></u> ; i++, mask += mask) {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʱ�жϵ��������ڶ��������������У����Ҹ��������Ѿ�׼���ÿ��Խ��ж����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果此时判断的描述符在读操作描述符集中，并且该描述符已经准备好可以进行读操作，则把</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>in</span>�ж�Ӧ����λ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ͬʱ����׼������������������ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该描述符在描述符集<span
+lang=EN-US>in</span>中对应比特位置为<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，同时把已准备好描述符个数计数值<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>增<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>184</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -73293,22 +73293,22 @@ style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;filp[i]-&gt;f_inode)) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>186</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *inp |= mask;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������������ö�Ӧ����λ��</p>
+// </span>描述符集中设置对应比特位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>187</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>++;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��׼��������������������</p>
+// </span>已准备好描述符个数计数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʱ�жϵ���������д�������������У����Ҹ��������Ѿ�׼���ÿ��Խ���д���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果此时判断的描述符在写操作描述符集中，并且该描述符已经准备好可以进行写操作，则把</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>out</span>�ж�Ӧ����λ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ͬʱ����׼������������������ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该描述符在描述符集<span
+lang=EN-US>out</span>中对应比特位置为<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，同时把已准备好描述符个数计数值<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>增<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -73331,11 +73331,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʱ�жϵ����������쳣���������У����Ҹ��������Ѿ����쳣���֣���Ѹ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果此时判断的描述符在异常描述符集中，并且该描述符已经有异常出现，则把该描述符在描</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>ex</span>�ж�Ӧ����λ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��ͬʱ����׼������������������ֵ<span lang=EN-US>count</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>述符集<span lang=EN-US>ex</span>中对应比特位置为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，同时把已准备好描述符个数计数值<span lang=EN-US>count</span>增<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -73361,18 +73361,18 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>199</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڶԽ��������������жϴ���������û�з�������׼���õ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>count==0</span>�������Ҵ�ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在对进程所有描述符判断处理过后，若没有发现有已准备好的描述符（<span
+lang=EN-US>count==0</span>），并且此时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����û���յ��κη������źţ����Ҵ�ʱ�еȴ��ŵ����������ߵȴ�ʱ�仹û�г�ʱ����ô��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程没有收到任何非阻塞信号，并且此时有等待着的描述符或者等待时间还没有超时，那么我</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ǾͰѵ�ǰ����״̬���óɿ��ж�˯��״̬��Ȼ��ִ�е��Ⱥ���ȥִ���������񡣵��ں���һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>们就把当前进程状态设置成可中断睡眠状态，然后执行调度函数去执行其他任务。当内核又一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ε���ִ�б�����ʱ�͵���<span
-lang=EN-US>free_wait()</span>������صȴ������ϱ�����ǰ�������Ȼ����ת��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>次调度执行本任务时就调用<span
+lang=EN-US>free_wait()</span>唤醒相关等待队列上本任务前后的任务，然后跳转到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // repeat</span>��Ŵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>178</span>�У��ٴ����¼���Ƿ������ǹ��ĵģ����������еģ���������׼���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // repeat</span>标号处（<span
+lang=EN-US>178</span>行）再次重新检测是否有我们关心的（描述符集中的）描述符已准备好。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>200</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(<u><span
@@ -73396,7 +73396,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>free_wait</span></u>(&amp;wait_table);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����񱻻��ѷ��غ�����￪ʼִ�С�</p>
+// </span>本任务被唤醒返回后从这里开始执行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -73405,11 +73405,11 @@ goto repeat;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>206</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʱ<span lang=EN-US>count</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����߽��յ����źţ����ߵȴ�ʱ�䵽����û����Ҫ�ȴ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果此时<span lang=EN-US>count</span>不等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，或者接收到了信号，或者等待时间到并且没有需要等待的描述符，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ô���Ǿ͵���<span
-lang=EN-US>free_wait()</span>���ѵȴ������ϵ�����Ȼ�󷵻���׼���õ�����������ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>那么我们就调用<span
+lang=EN-US>free_wait()</span>唤醒等待队列上的任务，然后返回已准备好的描述符个数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>207</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -73444,40 +73444,40 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�����ǲ��ܷ���<span
-lang=EN-US>-ERESTARTSYS</span>����Ϊ���ǻ���<span lang=EN-US>select</span>���й����иı�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意我们不能返回<span
+lang=EN-US>-ERESTARTSYS</span>，因为我们会在<span lang=EN-US>select</span>运行过程中改变</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>*timeout</span>�����ܲ��ң�����Ҳֻ�ܽ��������ʵ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>输入参数值（<span
+lang=EN-US>*timeout</span>）。很不幸，但你也只能接受这个事实。不过我们</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����ڿ⺯������Щ����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>可以在库函数中做些处理<span
 lang=EN-US>...</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // select</span>ϵͳ���ú������ú����еĴ�����Ҫ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>select</span>���ܲ���ǰ��Ĳ������ƺ�ת��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // select</span>系统调用函数。该函数中的代码主要负责进行<span
+lang=EN-US>select</span>功能操作前后的参数复制和转换</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>select</span>��Ҫ�Ĺ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>do_select()</span>��������ɡ�<span lang=EN-US>sys_select()</span>�����ȸ��ݲ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>工作。<span lang=EN-US>select</span>主要的工作由<span
+lang=EN-US>do_select()</span>函数来完成。<span lang=EN-US>sys_select()</span>会首先根据参数传递来的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ָ����û����ݿռ�� <span
-lang=EN-US>select() </span>�������õĲ����ֽ⸴�Ƶ��ں˿ռ䣬Ȼ��������Ҫ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>缓冲区指针从用户数据空间把 <span
+lang=EN-US>select() </span>函数调用的参数分解复制到内核空间，然后设置需要</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ��ĳ�ʱʱ��ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>timeout</span>�����ŵ���<span lang=EN-US>do_select() </span>ִ�� <span
-lang=EN-US>select</span>���ܣ����غ�ͰѴ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待的超时时间值<span
+lang=EN-US>timeout</span>，接着调用<span lang=EN-US>do_select() </span>执行 <span
+lang=EN-US>select</span>功能，返回后就把处理结果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ٸ��ƻ��û��ռ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再复制会用户空间中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>buffer</span>ָ���û���������<span
-lang=EN-US>select()</span>�����ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����������������ֵС��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʾִ��ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>buffer</span>指向用户数据区中<span
+lang=EN-US>select()</span>函数的第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数处。如果返回值小于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>表示执行时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ִ����������ֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ʾ�ڹ涨�ȴ�ʱ����û��������׼���ò������������ֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>出现错误；如果返回值等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则表示在规定等待时间内没有描述符准备好操作；如果返回值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ʾ��׼���õ�������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>大于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则表示已准备好的描述符数量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>216</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_select</span></u>( unsigned
@@ -73489,11 +73489,11 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>218</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* Perform the select(nd, in, out, ex, tv) system call. */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ִ��<span lang=EN-US>select(nd,
-in, out, ex, tv)</span>ϵͳ����<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>执行<span lang=EN-US>select(nd,
+in, out, ex, tv)</span>系统调用<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȶ��弸���ֲ����������ڰ�ָ�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>select()</span>���������ֽ⿪����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先定义几个局部变量，用于把指针参数传递来的<span
+lang=EN-US>select()</span>函数参数分解开来。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>219</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i;</span></p>
@@ -73501,27 +73501,27 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>220</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>fd_set</span></u> res_in, in = 0, *inp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����������������</p>
+// </span>读操作描述符集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>221</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>fd_set</span></u> res_out, out = 0, *outp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>д��������������</p>
+// </span>写操作描述符集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>222</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>fd_set</span></u> res_ex, ex = 0, *exp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�쳣��������������</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>异常条件描述符集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>223</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>fd_set</span></u> mask;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������������ֵ��Χ��<span lang=EN-US>nd</span>�������롣</p>
+// </span>处理的描述符数值范围（<span lang=EN-US>nd</span>）屏蔽码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>224</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>timeval</span></u> *tvp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ȴ�ʱ��ṹָ�롣</p>
+// </span>等待时间结构指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>225</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned long
@@ -73530,18 +73530,18 @@ timeout;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>226</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����û��������Ѳ����ֱ���븴�Ƶ��ֲ�ָ������У���������������ָ���Ƿ���Ч�ֱ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后从用户数据区把参数分别隔离复制到局部指针变量中，并根据描述符集指针是否有效分别</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>3</span>����������<span
-lang=EN-US>in</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>out</span>��д����<span lang=EN-US>ex</span>���쳣��������
-<span lang=EN-US>mask </span>Ҳ��һ����������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取得<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个描述符集<span
+lang=EN-US>in</span>（读）、<span lang=EN-US>out</span>（写）和<span lang=EN-US>ex</span>（异常）。其中
+<span lang=EN-US>mask </span>也是一个描述符集变量，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>�����������������������ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>+1</span>������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������<span lang=EN-US>nd</span>��ֵ�����������ó��û�������ĵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个描述符集中最大描述符数值<span
+lang=EN-US>+1</span>（即第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数<span lang=EN-US>nd</span>的值），它被设置成用户程序关心的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������������롣���磬��<span
-lang=EN-US>nd = 4</span>����<span lang=EN-US>mask = 0b00001111</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>���أ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>所有描述符的屏蔽码。例如，若<span
+lang=EN-US>nd = 4</span>，则<span lang=EN-US>mask = 0b00001111</span>（共<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>比特）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>227</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mask = ~((~0)
@@ -73568,7 +73568,7 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>233</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (inp)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ָ����Ч����ȡ����������������</p>
+// </span>若指针有效，则取读操作描述符集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>234</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;in
@@ -73576,7 +73576,7 @@ lang=EN-US> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>235</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (outp)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ָ����Ч����ȡд��������������</p>
+// </span>若指针有效，则取写操作描述符集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>236</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -73584,26 +73584,26 @@ out = mask &amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_long</span></u>(outp);</span
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>237</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (exp)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ָ����Ч����ȡ�쳣����������</p>
+// </span>若指针有效，则取异常描述符集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>238</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ex
 = mask &amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_long</span></u>(exp);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ǳ��Դ�ʱ��ṹ��ȡ���ȴ���˯�ߣ�ʱ��ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>timeout</span>�����Ȱ�<span lang=EN-US>timeout</span>��ʼ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接下来我们尝试从时间结构中取出等待（睡眠）时间值<span
+lang=EN-US>timeout</span>。首先把<span lang=EN-US>timeout</span>初始化成最大</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ޣ�ֵ��Ȼ����û����ݿռ�ȡ�ø�ʱ��ṹ�����õ�ʱ��ֵ����ת���ͼ���ϵͳ��ǰ�δ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（无限）值，然后从用户数据空间取得该时间结构中设置的时间值，经转换和加上系统当前滴答</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֵ<span lang=EN-US>jiffies</span>�����õ���Ҫ�ȴ���ʱ��δ���ֵ
-<span lang=EN-US>timeout</span>�������ô�ֵ�����õ�ǰ����Ӧ�õȴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>值<span lang=EN-US>jiffies</span>，最后得到需要等待的时间滴答数值
+<span lang=EN-US>timeout</span>。我们用此值来设置当前进程应该等待</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱ�����⣬��<span
-lang=EN-US>241</span>����<span lang=EN-US>tv_usec</span>�ֶ���΢��ֵ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>1000000</span>��ɵõ���Ӧ�������ٳ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的延时。另外，第<span
+lang=EN-US>241</span>行上<span lang=EN-US>tv_usec</span>字段是微秒值，把它除以<span
+lang=EN-US>1000000</span>后可得到对应秒数，再乘</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ϵͳÿ��δ���<span
-lang=EN-US>HZ</span>������<span lang=EN-US>tv_usec</span>ת���ɵδ�ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以系统每秒滴答数<span
+lang=EN-US>HZ</span>，即把<span lang=EN-US>tv_usec</span>转换成滴答值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>239</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; timeout =
@@ -73632,31 +73632,31 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>245</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;timeout = timeout;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;// </span>���õ�ǰ����Ӧ����ʱ�ĵδ�ֵ��</p>
+&nbsp;// </span>设置当前进程应该延时的滴答值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // select()</span>��������Ҫ������<span
-lang=EN-US>do_select()</span>����ɡ��ڵ��øú���֮��Ĵ������ڰѴ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // select()</span>函数的主要工作在<span
+lang=EN-US>do_select()</span>中完成。在调用该函数之后的代码用于把处理结果复制</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���û��������У����ظ��û���Ϊ�˱�����־����������ڵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>do_select()</span>ǰ��Ҫ��ֹ�жϣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>到用户数据区中，返回给用户。为了避免出现竞争条件，在调用<span
+lang=EN-US>do_select()</span>前需要禁止中断，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڸú������غ��ٿ����жϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并在该函数返回后再开启中断。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>do_select()</span>����֮����̵ĵȴ���ʱ�ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>timeout</span>�����ڵ�ǰϵͳ��ʱ�δ�ֵ<span lang=EN-US>jiffies</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果在<span lang=EN-US>do_select()</span>返回之后进程的等待延时字段<span
+lang=EN-US>timeout</span>还大于当前系统计时滴答值<span lang=EN-US>jiffies</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>˵���ڳ�ʱ֮ǰ�Ѿ���������׼���ã��������������ȼ��µ���ʱ��ʣ���ʱ��ֵ��������ǻ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>说明在超时之前已经有描述符准备好，于是这里我们先记下到超时还剩余的时间值，随后我们会</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ֵ���ظ��û���������̵ĵȴ���ʱ�ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>timeout</span>�Ѿ�С�ڻ���ڵ�ǰϵͳ<span lang=EN-US>jiffies</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把这个值返回给用户。如果进程的等待延时字段<span
+lang=EN-US>timeout</span>已经小于或等于当前系统<span lang=EN-US>jiffies</span>，表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʾ<span lang=EN-US>do_select()</span>���������ڳ�ʱ�����أ���˰�ʣ��ʱ��ֵ����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>示<span lang=EN-US>do_select()</span>可能是由于超时而返回，因此把剩余时间值设置为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>246</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>cli</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��ֹ��Ӧ�жϡ�</p>
+</span>禁止响应中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>247</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i = <u><span
@@ -73683,16 +73683,16 @@ timeout = 0;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>252</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>sti</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ж���Ӧ��</p>
+// </span>开启中断响应。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ǰѽ��̵ĳ�ʱ�ֶ����㡣���<span
-lang=EN-US>do_select()</span>���ص���׼��������������С��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接下来我们把进程的超时字段清零。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>do_select()</span>返回的已准备好描述符个数小于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�г��������Ƿ����������š�Ȼ�����ǰѴ������������������ݺ��ӳ�ʱ��ṹ����д�ص�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行出错，于是返回这个错误号。然后我们把处理过的描述符集内容和延迟时间结构内容写回到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�û����ݻ���ռ䡣��дʱ��ṹ����ʱ����Ҫ�Ƚ��δ�ʱ�䵥λ��ʾ��ʣ���ӳ�ʱ��ת������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用户数据缓冲空间。在写时间结构内容时还需要先将滴答时间单位表示的剩余延迟时间转换成秒</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��΢��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和微秒值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>253</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -73715,7 +73715,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>258</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>put_fs_long</span></u>(res_in,inp);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ɶ�����������</p>
+// </span>可读描述符集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>259</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
@@ -73730,7 +73730,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>262</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>put_fs_long</span></u>(res_out,outp);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��д����������</p>
+// </span>可写描述符集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>263</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
@@ -73745,7 +73745,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>266</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>put_fs_long</span></u>(res_ex,exp);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����쳣��������������</p>
+// </span>出现异常条件描述符集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>267</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
@@ -73761,7 +73761,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>put_fs_long</span></u>(timeout/<u><span
 style='color:blue'>HZ</span></u>, (unsigned long *) &amp;tvp-&gt;tv_sec);&nbsp;
-// </span>�롣</p>
+// </span>秒。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>271</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -73774,14 +73774,14 @@ timeout *= (1000000/<u><span style='color:blue'>HZ</span></u>);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>273</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>put_fs_long</span></u>(timeout, (unsigned long *)
-&amp;tvp-&gt;tv_usec);&nbsp; // </span>΢�롣</p>
+&amp;tvp-&gt;tv_usec);&nbsp; // </span>微秒。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>274</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʱ��û����׼���õ��������������յ���ĳ���������źţ��򷵻ر��жϴ���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果此时并没有已准备好的描述符，并且收到了某个非阻塞信号，则返回被中断错误号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���򷵻���׼���õ�����������ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则返回已准备好的描述符个数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>275</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!i &amp;&amp; (<u><span
@@ -73814,12 +73814,12 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<h1><a name="_Toc493448028"></a><a name="_Toc493447432"><span lang=EN-US>��13�� </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ڴ��������</span></a></h1>
+<h1><a name="_Toc493448028"></a><a name="_Toc493447432"><span lang=EN-US>第13章 </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>内存管理程序</span></a></h1>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448029"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447433"></a><a name="_Toc53320652"><span lang=EN-US>13.1 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>13-1 linux/mm/memory.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>13-1 linux/mm/memory.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -73853,10 +73853,10 @@ things wanted, and it should be easy to implement. - Linus</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��������Ǵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>91.12.1</span>��ʼ��д��<span lang=EN-US> - </span>�ڳ�����Ʊ����ƺ�������Ҫ�ĳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>需求加载是从<span
+lang=EN-US>91.12.1</span>开始编写的<span lang=EN-US> - </span>在程序编制表中似乎是最重要的程序，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����Ӧ���Ǻ����ױ��Ƶ�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>并且应该是很容易编制的<span
 lang=EN-US> - Linus</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
@@ -73891,22 +73891,22 @@ Also corrected some &quot;invalidate()&quot;s - I wasn't doing enough of them.</
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>����������ǱȽ����ױ�д�ģ�������ҳ��ȴ��Ҫ�е㼼�ɡ�����ҳ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>，需求加载是比较容易编写的，而共享页面却需要有点技巧。共享页面程序是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 91.12.2</span>��ʼ��д�ģ������ܹ�����<span
-lang=EN-US> - Linus</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 91.12.2</span>开始编写的，好象能够工作<span
+lang=EN-US> - Linus</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ͨ��ִ�д�Լ<span
-lang=EN-US>30</span>��<span lang=EN-US>/bin/sh</span>�Թ������������˲��ԣ������ں˵�����Ҫռ�ö���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>通过执行大约<span
+lang=EN-US>30</span>个<span lang=EN-US>/bin/sh</span>对共享操作进行了测试：在老内核当中需要占用多于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 6M</span>���ڴ棬��Ŀǰȴ���á����ڿ��������úܺá�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 6M</span>的内存，而目前却不用。现在看来工作得很好。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;invalidate()&quot;</span>����Ҳ����������<span lang=EN-US> - </span>���ⷽ���һ����Ĳ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>对<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;invalidate()&quot;</span>函数也进行了修正<span lang=EN-US> - </span>在这方面我还做的不够。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -73933,54 +73933,54 @@ Found it. Everything seems to work now.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 91.12.18</span>��ʼ��д�����������ڴ����<span
-lang=EN-US>VM</span>������ҳ�浽<span lang=EN-US>/</span>�Ӵ��̣�����Ҫ�Դ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 91.12.18</span>开始编写真正的虚拟内存管理<span
+lang=EN-US>VM</span>（交换页面到<span lang=EN-US>/</span>从磁盘）。需要对此</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���Ǻܶಢ����Ҫ���ܶ๤�����Ǻǣ�Ҳֻ�������ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>考虑很多并且需要作很多工作。呵呵，也只能这样了。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 91.12.19&nbsp; -&nbsp; </span>��ĳ�̶ֳ��Ͽ��Թ����ˣ�����ʱ���������֪����ô���¡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 91.12.19&nbsp; -&nbsp; </span>在某种程度上可以工作了，但有时会出错，不知道怎么回事。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�ҵ������ˣ����ں���һ�ж��ܹ����ˡ�</p>
+</span>找到错误了，现在好像一切都能工作了。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 91.12.20&nbsp; -&nbsp;
-OK</span>���ѽ����豸�޸ĳɿɸ��ĵ��ˣ�������ļ��豸������</p>
+OK</span>，把交换设备修改成可更改的了，就像根文件设备那样。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
-#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ź�ͷ�ļ��������źŷ��ų������źŽṹ���źź���ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号头文件。定义信号符号常量，信号结构及信号函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ����������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵ�Ƕ����ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等嵌入汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�����������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ݡ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件，定义任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的数据。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/head.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // head</span>ͷ�ļ���������������ļ򵥽ṹ���ͼ���ѡ���������</p>
+#include &lt;linux/head.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // head</span>头文件，定义段描述符的简单结构，和几个选择符常量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CODE_SPACE(addr) ((((addr)+0xfff)&amp;~0xfff)&lt;current-&gt;start_code+current-&gt;end_code)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CODE_SPACE(addr) ((((addr)+0xfff)&amp;~0xfff)&lt;current-&gt;start_code+current-&gt;end_code)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������жϸ������Ե�ַ�Ƿ�λ�ڵ�ǰ���̵Ĵ�����У���<span
-lang=EN-US>(((addr)+4095)&amp;~4095)</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该宏用于判断给定线性地址是否位于当前进程的代码段中，“<span
+lang=EN-US>(((addr)+4095)&amp;~4095)</span>”用于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�����Ե�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>�����ڴ�ҳ���ĩ�˵�ַ���μ�<span lang=EN-US>265</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取得线性地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>所在内存页面的末端地址。参见<span lang=EN-US>265</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CODE_SPACE</span></u>(addr)
@@ -73994,12 +73994,12 @@ style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;end_code)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>HIGH_MEMORY</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȫ�ֱ��������ʵ�������ڴ���߶˵�ַ��</p>
+// </span>全局变量，存放实际物理内存最高端地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>from</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ�ڴ浽<span lang=EN-US>to</span>����<span lang=EN-US>4K</span>�ֽڣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从<span lang=EN-US>from</span>处复制<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>页内存到<span lang=EN-US>to</span>处（<span lang=EN-US>4K</span>字节）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>copy_page</span></u>(from,to) \</span></p>
@@ -74010,14 +74010,14 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;cld ; rep ; movsl&quot;</i>::<i>&quot;S&quot;</i> (from),<i>&qu
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڴ�ӳ���ֽ�ͼ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽڴ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ�ڴ棩��ÿ��ҳ���Ӧ���ֽ����ڱ�־ҳ�浱ǰ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>物理内存映射字节图（<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>字节代表<span lang=EN-US>1</span>页内存）。每个页面对应的字节用于标志页面当前被引用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ռ�ã���������������ӳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>15Mb</span>���ڴ�ռ䡣�ڳ�ʼ������<span lang=EN-US>mem_init()</span>�У����ڲ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（占用）次数。它最大可以映射<span
+lang=EN-US>15Mb</span>的内存空间。在初始化函数<span lang=EN-US>mem_init()</span>中，对于不能用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڴ���ҳ���λ�þ���Ԥ�ȱ����ó�<span
-lang=EN-US>USED</span>��<span lang=EN-US>100</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>作主内存区页面的位置均都预先被设置成<span
+lang=EN-US>USED</span>（<span lang=EN-US>100</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>mem_map</span></u> [ <u><span
@@ -74037,32 +74037,32 @@ Free a page of memory at physical address 'addr'. Used by</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ͷ�������ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>'addr'</span>����һҳ�ڴ档���ں���<span lang=EN-US>'free_page_tables()'</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>释放物理地址<span
+lang=EN-US>'addr'</span>处的一页内存。用于函数<span lang=EN-US>'free_page_tables()'</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ͷ�������ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>��ʼ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ���ڴ档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>释放物理地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>开始的<span lang=EN-US>1</span>页面内存。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ַ<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>���µ��ڴ�ռ������ں˳���ͻ��壬����Ϊ����ҳ����ڴ�ռ䡣���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>物理地址<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>以下的内存空间用于内核程序和缓冲，不作为分配页面的内存空间。因此</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>��Ҫ����<span
-lang=EN-US>1MB</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>需要大于<span
+lang=EN-US>1MB</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>free_page</span></u>(unsigned long addr)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ���������������ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>�ĺ����ԡ����������ַ<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>С���ڴ�Ͷˣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1MB</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数给定的物理地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>的合理性。如果物理地址<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>小于内存低端（<span
+lang=EN-US>1MB</span>），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ʾ���ں˳������ٻ����У��Դ˲��账�������������ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr &gt;= </span>ϵͳ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则表示在内核程序或高速缓冲中，对此不予处理。如果物理地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr &gt;= </span>系统所含物理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ���߶ˣ�����ʾ������Ϣ�����ں�ֹͣ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存最高端，则显示出错信息并且内核停止工作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (addr &lt; <u><span style='color:blue'>LOW_MEM</span></u>) return;</span></p>
@@ -74074,19 +74074,19 @@ if (addr &gt;= <u><span style='color:blue'>HIGH_MEMORY</span></u>)</span></p>
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;trying to free
 nonexistent page&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Բ���<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>��֤ͨ������ô�͸������������ַ��������ڴ�Ͷ˿�ʼ������ڴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果对参数<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>验证通过，那么就根据这个物理地址换算出从内存低端开始计起的内存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ��š�ҳ���<span
-lang=EN-US> = (addr �C LOW_MEM)/4096</span>���ɼ�ҳ��Ŵ�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�ſ�ʼ���𡣴�ʱ<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页面号。页面号<span
+lang=EN-US> = (addr – LOW_MEM)/4096</span>。可见页面号从<span lang=EN-US>0</span>号开始计起。此时<span
 lang=EN-US>addr</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�д����ҳ��š������ҳ��Ŷ�Ӧ��ҳ��ӳ���ֽڲ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���ء���ʱ��ӳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中存放着页面号。如果该页面号对应的页面映射字节不等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则减<span lang=EN-US>1</span>返回。此时该映射</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ֽ�ֵӦ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾҳ�����ͷš������Ӧҳ���ֽ�ԭ������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ������ҳ�汾��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字节值应该为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示页面已释放。如果对应页面字节原本就是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示该物理页面本来</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǿ��еģ�˵���ں˴�������⡣������ʾ������Ϣ��ͣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>就是空闲的，说明内核代码出问题。于是显示出错信息并停机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 addr -= <u><span style='color:blue'>LOW_MEM</span></u>;</span></p>
@@ -74120,35 +74120,35 @@ by 'exit()'. As does copy_page_tables(), this handles only 4Mb blocks.</i></b></
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���溯���ͷ�ҳ���������ڴ�飬<span
-lang=EN-US>'exit()'</span>��Ҫ�ú�������<span lang=EN-US>copy_page_tables()</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面函数释放页表连续的内存块，<span
+lang=EN-US>'exit()'</span>需要该函数。与<span lang=EN-US>copy_page_tables()</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ƣ��ú���������<span
-lang=EN-US>4Mb</span>���ȵ��ڴ�顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>类似，该函数仅处理<span
+lang=EN-US>4Mb</span>长度的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����ָ�������Ե�ַ���޳���ҳ�����������ͷŶ�Ӧ�ڴ�ҳ��ָ�����ڴ�鲢�ñ�����С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>根据指定的线性地址和限长（页表个数），释放对应内存页表指定的内存块并置表项空闲。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳĿ¼λ��������ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʼ������<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ÿ��<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڣ���ռ<span
-lang=EN-US>4K</span>�ֽڡ�ÿ��Ŀ¼��ָ��һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页目录位于物理地址<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>开始处，共<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>项，每项<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节，共占<span
+lang=EN-US>4K</span>字节。每个目录项指定一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҳ�����ں�ҳ����������ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>0x1000</span>����ʼ��������Ŀ¼�ռ䣩����<span lang=EN-US>4</span>��ҳ����ÿ��ҳ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个页表。内核页表从物理地址<span
+lang=EN-US>0x1000</span>处开始（紧接着目录空间），共<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个页表。每个页表有</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1024</span>�ÿ��<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڡ����Ҳռ<span lang=EN-US>4K</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ���ڴ档�����̣��������ں˴����еĽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1024</span>项，每项<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>字节。因此也占<span lang=EN-US>4K</span>（<span lang=EN-US>1</span>页）内存。各进程（除了在内核代码中的进程<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>和<span lang=EN-US>1</span>）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҳ����ռ�ݵ�ҳ���ڽ��̱�����ʱ���ں�Ϊ�������ڴ�������õ���ÿ��ҳ�����Ӧ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的页表所占据的页面在进程被创建时由内核为其在主内存区申请得到。每个页表项对应<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>页</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڴ棬���һ��ҳ������ӳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>4MB</span>�������ڴ档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>物理内存，因此一个页表最多可映射<span
+lang=EN-US>4MB</span>的物理内存。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>from
-- </span>��ʼ���Ի���ַ��<span lang=EN-US>size - </span>�ͷŵ��ֽڳ��ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>from
+- </span>起始线性基地址；<span lang=EN-US>size - </span>释放的字节长度。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>free_page_tables</span></u>(unsigned long
@@ -74164,11 +74164,11 @@ unsigned long * dir, nr;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>from</span>���������Ի���ַ�Ƿ���<span lang=EN-US>4MB</span>�ı߽紦����Ϊ�ú���ֻ�ܴ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检测参数<span
+lang=EN-US>from</span>给出的线性基地址是否在<span lang=EN-US>4MB</span>的边界处。因为该函数只能处理这种情况。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>from
-= 0</span>���������˵����ͼ�ͷ��ں˺ͻ�����ռ�ռ䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若<span lang=EN-US>from
+= 0</span>，则出错。说明试图释放内核和缓冲所占空间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (from &amp; 0x3fffff)</span></p>
@@ -74185,27 +74185,27 @@ if (!from)</span></p>
 style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;Trying to free up swapper memory
 space&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>size</span>�����ĳ�����ռ��ҳĿ¼������<span lang=EN-US>4MB</span>�Ľ�λ����������Ҳ����ռҳ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后计算参数<span
+lang=EN-US>size</span>给出的长度所占的页目录项数（<span lang=EN-US>4MB</span>的进位整数倍），也即所占页表数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ҳ���ɹ���<span
-lang=EN-US>4MB</span>�����ڴ棬��������������<span lang=EN-US>22</span>λ�ķ�ʽ����Ҫ���Ƶ��ڴ泤��ֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因为<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个页表可管理<span
+lang=EN-US>4MB</span>物理内存，所以这里用右移<span lang=EN-US>22</span>位的方式把需要复制的内存长度值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>4MB</span>�����м���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x3fffff</span>����<span lang=EN-US>4Mb -1</span>�����ڵõ���λ���������������������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>除以<span lang=EN-US>4MB</span>。其中加上<span
+lang=EN-US>0x3fffff</span>（即<span lang=EN-US>4Mb -1</span>）用于得到进位整数倍结果，即除操作若有余数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����磬���ԭ<span
-lang=EN-US>size = 4.01Mb</span>����ô�ɵõ����<span lang=EN-US>size = 2</span>�� ���ż������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则进<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。例如，如果原<span
+lang=EN-US>size = 4.01Mb</span>，那么可得到结果<span lang=EN-US>size = 2</span>。 接着计算给出的线性</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ��Ӧ����ʼĿ¼���Ӧ��Ŀ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US> = from &gt;&gt; 22</span>����Ϊÿ��ռ<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڣ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>基地址对应的起始目录项。对应的目录项号<span
+lang=EN-US> = from &gt;&gt; 22</span>。因为每项占<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节，并且由于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳĿ¼����������ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʼ��ţ����ʵ��Ŀ¼��ָ��<span lang=EN-US> = </span>Ŀ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>&lt;&lt;2</span>��Ҳ��<span lang=EN-US>(from&gt;&gt;20)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页目录表从物理地址<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>开始存放，因此实际目录项指针<span lang=EN-US> = </span>目录项号<span
+lang=EN-US>&lt;&lt;2</span>，也即<span lang=EN-US>(from&gt;&gt;20)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ��</span>��<span lang=EN-US>��</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0xffc</span>ȷ��Ŀ¼��ָ�뷶Χ��Ч��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // “</span>与<span lang=EN-US>”</span>上<span
+lang=EN-US>0xffc</span>确保目录项指针范围有效。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 size = (size + 0x3fffff) &gt;&gt; 22;</span></p>
@@ -74215,27 +74215,27 @@ dir = (unsigned long *) ((from&gt;&gt;20) &amp; 0xffc); <b><i>/* _pg_dir = 0 */<
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ<span lang=EN-US>
-size </span>���ͷŵ�ҳ����������ҳĿ¼��������<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>����ʼĿ¼��ָ�롣���ڿ�ʼѭ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时<span lang=EN-US>
+size </span>是释放的页表个数，即页目录项数，而<span lang=EN-US>dir</span>是起始目录项指针。现在开始循环</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ҳĿ¼������ͷ�ÿ��ҳ���е�ҳ��������ǰĿ¼����Ч��<span
-lang=EN-US>P</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>=0</span>������ʾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>操作页目录项，依次释放每个页表中的页表项。如果当前目录项无效（<span
+lang=EN-US>P</span>位<span lang=EN-US>=0</span>），表示该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼��û��ʹ�ã���Ӧ��ҳ�������ڣ��������������һ��Ŀ¼������Ŀ¼����ȡ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录项没有使用（对应的页表不存在），则继续处理下一个目录项。否则从目录项中取出</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ����ַ<span lang=EN-US>
-pg_table</span>�����Ը�ҳ���е�<span lang=EN-US> 1024 </span>��������д������ͷ���Чҳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>P</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>=1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页表地址<span lang=EN-US>
+pg_table</span>，并对该页表中的<span lang=EN-US> 1024 </span>个表项进行处理，释放有效页表项（<span
+lang=EN-US>P</span>位<span lang=EN-US>=1</span>）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӧ�������ڴ�ҳ�棬���ߴӽ����豸���ͷ���Чҳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>P</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>=0</span>����Ӧ��ҳ�棬���ͷ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对应的物理内存页面，或者从交换设备中释放无效页表项（<span
+lang=EN-US>P</span>位<span lang=EN-US>=0</span>）对应的页面，即释放</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����豸�ж�Ӧ���ڴ�ҳ�棨��Ϊҳ������Ѿ�������ȥ����Ȼ��Ѹ�ҳ�������㣬����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>交换设备中对应的内存页面（因为页面可能已经交换出去）。然后把该页表项清零，并继</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������һҳ�����һ��ҳ�����б��������Ͼ��ͷŸ�ҳ������ռ�ݵ��ڴ�ҳ�棬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>续处理下一页表项。当一个页表所有表项都处理完毕就释放该页表自身占据的内存页面，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������һҳĿ¼����ˢ��ҳ�任���ٻ��壬������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并继续处理下一页目录项。最后刷新页变换高速缓冲，并返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for ( ; size--&gt;0 ; dir++) {</span></p>
@@ -74247,56 +74247,56 @@ if (!(1 &amp; *dir))</span></p>
 continue;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-pg_table = (unsigned long *) (0xfffff000 &amp; *dir);&nbsp; // </span>ȡҳ����ַ��</p>
+pg_table = (unsigned long *) (0xfffff000 &amp; *dir);&nbsp; // </span>取页表地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 for (nr=0 ; nr&lt;1024 ; nr++) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (*pg_table) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ָҳ�������ݲ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+// </span>若所指页表项内容不为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (1 &amp; *pg_table)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ч�����ͷŶ�Ӧҳ��</p>
+if (1 &amp; *pg_table)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若该项有效，则释放对应页。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>free_page</span></u>(0xfffff000 &amp; *pg_table);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 else&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ͷŽ����豸�ж�Ӧҳ��</p>
+// </span>否则释放交换设备中对应页。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>swap_free</span></u>(*pg_table &gt;&gt; 1);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*pg_table = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҳ�����������㡣</p>
+*pg_table = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该页表项内容清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pg_table++;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ָ��ҳ������һ�</p>
+// </span>指向页表中下一项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>free_page</span></u>(0xfffff000 &amp; *dir);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ͷŸ�ҳ����ռ�ڴ�ҳ�档</p>
+// </span>释放该页表所占内存页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *dir = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��Ӧҳ����Ŀ¼�����㡣</p>
+// </span>对应页表的目录项清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>invalidate</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ˢ��<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>ҳ�任���ٻ��塣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>刷新<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>页变换高速缓冲。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
@@ -74370,60 +74370,60 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ˣ��������ڴ����<span
-lang=EN-US>mm</span>����Ϊ���ӵĳ���֮һ����ͨ��ֻ�����ڴ�ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>好了，下面是内存管理<span
+lang=EN-US>mm</span>中最为复杂的程序之一。它通过只复制内存页面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������һ����Χ�����Ե�ַ�е����ݡ�
-ϣ��������û�д�����Ϊ�Ҳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>来拷贝一定范围内线性地址中的内容。
+希望代码中没有错误，因为我不想</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ٵ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>:-)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>再调试这块代码了<span
+lang=EN-US>:-)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�⣡���ǲ��������κ��ڴ��<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>�ڴ��ĵ�ַ��Ҫ��<span lang=EN-US>4Mb</span>�ı���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意！我们并不复制任何内存块<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>内存块的地址需要是<span lang=EN-US>4Mb</span>的倍数（正好</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>һ��ҳĿ¼���Ӧ���ڴ泤�ȣ�����Ϊ����������ʹ�����ܼ򵥡�
-������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>一个页目录项对应的内存长度），因为这样处理可使函数很简单。
+不管怎</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����������<span
-lang=EN-US>fork()</span>ʹ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>样，它仅被<span
+lang=EN-US>fork()</span>使用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>���� ��<span lang=EN-US>from==0</span>ʱ��˵������Ϊ��һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>fork()</span>���ø����ں˿ռ䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>！！ 当<span lang=EN-US>from==0</span>时，说明是在为第一次<span
+lang=EN-US>fork()</span>调用复制内核空间。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ʱ���ǾͲ��븴������ҳĿ¼���Ӧ���ڴ棬��Ϊ�������ᵼ���ڴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>此时我们就不想复制整个页目录项对应的内存，因为这样做会导致内存严</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���˷�<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>����ֻ�븴�ƿ�ͷ<span lang=EN-US>160</span>��ҳ��<span lang=EN-US> - </span>��Ӧ<span
-lang=EN-US> 640kB</span>����ʹ�Ǹ�����Щ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>重浪费<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>我们只须复制开头<span lang=EN-US>160</span>个页面<span lang=EN-US> - </span>对应<span
+lang=EN-US> 640kB</span>。即使是复制这些</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ҳ��Ҳ�Ѿ��������ǵ����󣬵��ⲻ��ռ�ø�����ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US> 1Mb </span>�ڴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>页面也已经超出我们的需求，但这不会占用更多的内存<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>在低<span lang=EN-US> 1Mb </span>内存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Χ�����ǲ�ִ��дʱ���Ʋ�����������Щҳ��������ں˹����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>范围内我们不执行写时复制操作，所以这些页面可以与内核共享。因此这</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>nr=xxxx</span>�����������<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>�ڳ�����ָҳ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>nr=xxxx</span>的特殊情况（<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>在程序中指页面数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����ҳĿ¼�����ҳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>复制页目录表项和页表项。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ�����Ե�ַ�ͳ����ڴ��Ӧ��ҳĿ¼���ҳ����Ӷ������Ƶ�ҳĿ¼��ҳ����Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复制指定线性地址和长度内存对应的页目录项和页表项，从而被复制的页目录和页表对应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ԭ�����ڴ�ҳ����������ҳ��ӳ�������ʹ�á�����ʱ����������ҳ���������ҳ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的原物理内存页面区被两套页表映射而共享使用。复制时，需申请新页面来存放新页表，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ԭ�����ڴ��������������˺��������̣������̺����ӽ��̣��������ڴ�����ֱ����һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>原物理内存区将被共享。此后两个进程（父进程和其子进程）将共享内存区，直到有一个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ִ��д����ʱ���ں˲Ż�Ϊд�������̷����µ��ڴ�ҳ��дʱ���ƻ��ƣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程执行写操作时，内核才会为写操作进程分配新的内存页（写时复制机制）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>from</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>to </span>�����Ե�ַ��<span lang=EN-US>size</span>����Ҫ���ƣ����������ڴ泤�ȣ���λ���ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>from</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>to </span>是线性地址，<span lang=EN-US>size</span>是需要复制（共享）的内存长度，单位是字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>copy_page_tables</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -74457,24 +74457,24 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned long nr;</s
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>126</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ�����������Դ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>from</span>��Ŀ�ĵ�ַ<span lang=EN-US>to</span>����Ч�ԡ�Դ��ַ��Ŀ�ĵ�ַ����Ҫ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检测参数给出的源地址<span
+lang=EN-US>from</span>和目的地址<span lang=EN-US>to</span>的有效性。源地址和目的地址都需要在<span
 lang=EN-US>4Mb</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ�߽��ַ�ϡ����������������������Ҫ������Ϊһ��ҳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>1024</span>��ɹ���<span lang=EN-US>4Mb</span>�ڴ档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存边界地址上。否则出错死机。作这样的要求是因为一个页表的<span
+lang=EN-US>1024</span>项可管理<span lang=EN-US>4Mb</span>内存。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Դ��ַ <span lang=EN-US>from
-</span>��Ŀ�ĵ�ַ <span lang=EN-US>to </span>ֻ���������Ҫ����ܱ�֤��һ��ҳ���ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ʼ����ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>源地址 <span lang=EN-US>from
+</span>和目的地址 <span lang=EN-US>to </span>只有满足这个要求才能保证从一个页表的第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>项开始复制页表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ҳ����������������Ч�ġ�<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>Ȼ��ȡ��Դ��ַ��Ŀ�ĵ�ַ����ʼĿ¼��ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>项，并且新页表的最初所有项都是有效的。<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>然后取得源地址和目的地址的起始目录项指针</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>from_dir</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>to_dir</span>�����ٸ��ݲ��������ĳ���<span lang=EN-US>size</span>����Ҫ���Ƶ��ڴ��ռ�õ�ҳ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（<span lang=EN-US>from_dir</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>to_dir</span>）。再根据参数给出的长度<span lang=EN-US>size</span>计算要复制的内存块占用的页表数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ŀ¼���������μ�ǰ���<span
-lang=EN-US>78</span>��<span lang=EN-US>79</span>�еĽ��͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（即目录项数）。参见前面对<span
+lang=EN-US>78</span>、<span lang=EN-US>79</span>行的解释。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>127</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
@@ -74497,17 +74497,17 @@ long *) ((to&gt;&gt;20) &amp; 0xffc);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; size = ((unsigned)
 (size+0x3fffff)) &gt;&gt; 22;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵõ���Դ��ʼĿ¼��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>from_dir</span>��Ŀ����ʼĿ¼��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>to_dir</span>�Լ���Ҫ���Ƶ�ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在得到了源起始目录项指针<span
+lang=EN-US>from_dir</span>和目的起始目录项指针<span lang=EN-US>to_dir</span>以及需要复制的页表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>
-size </span>�����濪ʼ��ÿ��ҳĿ¼����������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ�ڴ��������Ӧ��ҳ�������ҿ�ʼ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个数<span lang=EN-US>
+size </span>后，下面开始对每个页目录项依次申请<span lang=EN-US>1</span>页内存来保存对应的页表，并且开始</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ����Ʋ��������Ŀ��Ŀ¼��ָ����ҳ���Ѿ����ڣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>P=1</span>��������������� ���ԴĿ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页表项复制操作。如果目的目录项指定的页表已经存在（<span
+lang=EN-US>P=1</span>），则出错死机。 如果源目</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>¼����Ч����ָ����ҳ�������ڣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>P=0</span>���������ѭ��������һ��ҳĿ¼�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>录项无效，即指定的页表不存在（<span
+lang=EN-US>P=0</span>），则继续循环处理下一个页目录项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>132</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for( ; size--&gt;0
@@ -74532,16 +74532,16 @@ continue;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����֤�˵�ǰԴĿ¼���Ŀ��������֮������ȡԴĿ¼����ҳ����ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>from_page_table</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在验证了当前源目录项和目的项正常之后，我们取源目录项中页表地址<span
+lang=EN-US>from_page_table</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ�˱���Ŀ��Ŀ¼���Ӧ��ҳ������Ҫ�����ڴ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ�����ڴ�ҳ�����ȡ����ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为了保存目的目录项对应的页表，需要在主内存区中申请<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>页空闲内存页。如果取空闲页面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()
-</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����˵��û�����뵽�����ڴ�ҳ�棬�������ڴ治�������Ƿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>函数<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()
+</span>返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则说明没有申请到空闲内存页面，可能是内存不够。于是返</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>ֵ�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>值退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -74558,28 +74558,28 @@ freeing */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������Ŀ��Ŀ¼����Ϣ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>λ��λ������ǰĿ��Ŀ¼�����<span lang=EN-US>7</span>����ʾ��Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则我们设置目的目录项信息，把最后<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>位置位，即当前目的目录项“或”上<span lang=EN-US>7</span>，表示对应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ��ӳ����ڴ�ҳ�����û����ģ����ҿɶ�д�����ڣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>Usr, R/W, Present</span>���� �����<span lang=EN-US>U/S</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页表映射的内存页面是用户级的，并且可读写、存在（<span
+lang=EN-US>Usr, R/W, Present</span>）。 （如果<span lang=EN-US>U/S</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>R/W</span>��û�����á���� <span lang=EN-US>U/S</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US> R/W</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ô�������û���Ĵ����ֻ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则<span
+lang=EN-US>R/W</span>就没有作用。如果 <span lang=EN-US>U/S</span>是<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，而<span
+lang=EN-US> R/W</span>是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，那么运行在用户层的代码就只能</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҳ�档���<span
-lang=EN-US>U/S</span>��<span lang=EN-US>R/W</span>����λ������ж�д��Ȩ�ޣ���Ȼ����Ե�ǰ������ҳĿ¼���Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读页面。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>U/S</span>和<span lang=EN-US>R/W</span>都置位，则就有读写的权限）。然后针对当前处理的页目录项对应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҳ����������Ҫ���Ƶ�ҳ����������������ں˿ռ䣬����踴��ͷ<span
-lang=EN-US>160</span>ҳ��Ӧ��ҳ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的页表，设置需要复制的页面项数。如果是在内核空间，则仅需复制头<span
+lang=EN-US>160</span>页对应的页表项</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>nr=
-160</span>������Ӧ�ڿ�ʼ<span lang=EN-US>640KB</span>�����ڴ档������Ҫ����һ��ҳ���е�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1024</span>��ҳ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（<span lang=EN-US>nr=
+160</span>），对应于开始<span lang=EN-US>640KB</span>物理内存。否则需要复制一个页表中的所有<span
+lang=EN-US>1024</span>个页表项</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>nr=
-1024</span>������ӳ��<span lang=EN-US>4MB</span>�����ڴ档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（<span lang=EN-US>nr=
+1024</span>），可映射<span lang=EN-US>4MB</span>物理内存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -74591,11 +74591,11 @@ nr = (from==0)?0xA0:1024;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ���ڵ�ǰҳ������ʼѭ������ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>���ڴ�ҳ������ȡ��Դҳ�������ݣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时对于当前页表，开始循环复制指定的<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>个内存页面表项。先取出源页表项内容，如果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰԴҳ��û��ʹ�ã�������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�������ø��Ƹñ������������һ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前源页面没有使用（项内容为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>），则不用复制该表项，继续处理下一项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -74613,17 +74613,17 @@ if (!this_page)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 continue;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ñ��������ݣ����������λ<span
-lang=EN-US>P=0</span>����ñ����Ӧ��ҳ������ڽ����豸�С���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该表项有内容，但是其存在位<span
+lang=EN-US>P=0</span>，则该表项对应的页面可能在交换设备中。于是先申</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ�ڴ棬���ӽ����豸�ж����ҳ�棨�������豸���еĻ�����Ȼ�󽫸�ҳ����Ƶ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>请<span lang=EN-US>1</span>页内存，并从交换设备中读入该页面（若交换设备中有的话）。然后将该页表项复制到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ��ҳ�����С����޸�Դҳ��������ָ�����������ڴ�ҳ�������ñ����־Ϊ��ҳ���ࡱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目的页表项中。并修改源页表项内容指向该新申请的内存页，并设置表项标志为“页面脏”</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>7</span>��Ȼ�����������һҳ�������λҳ������
-<span lang=EN-US>R/W </span>��־��λ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��������ҳ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>加上<span lang=EN-US>7</span>。然后继续处理下一页表项。否则复位页表项中
+<span lang=EN-US>R/W </span>标志（位<span lang=EN-US>1</span>置<span lang=EN-US>0</span>），即让页表项</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӧ���ڴ�ҳ��ֻ����Ȼ�󽫸�ҳ����Ƶ�Ŀ��ҳ���С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对应的内存页面只读，然后将该页表项复制到目的页表中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>146</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -74669,36 +74669,36 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ҳ������ָ����ҳ��ĵ�ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1MB</span>���ϣ�����Ҫ�����ڴ�ҳ��ӳ������<span lang=EN-US>mem_map[]</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果该页表项所指物理页面的地址在<span
+lang=EN-US>1MB</span>以上，则需要设置内存页面映射数组<span lang=EN-US>mem_map[]</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ǽ���ҳ��ţ�������Ϊ������ҳ��ӳ��������Ӧ�����������ô�����������λ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于是计算页面号，并以它为索引在页面映射数组相应项中增加引用次数。而对于位于<span
 lang=EN-US>1MB</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���µ�ҳ�棬˵�����ں�ҳ�棬��˲���Ҫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>mem_map[]</span>�������á���Ϊ <span lang=EN-US>mem_map[]</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下的页面，说明是内核页面，因此不需要对<span
+lang=EN-US>mem_map[]</span>进行设置。因为 <span lang=EN-US>mem_map[]</span>仅用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڹ������ڴ����е�ҳ��ʹ������� ��˶����ں��ƶ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�в��ҵ���<span lang=EN-US>fork()</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于管理主内存区中的页面使用情况。 因此对于内核移动到任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>中并且调用<span lang=EN-US>fork()</span>创建</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ʱ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>init()</span>�������ڴ�ʱ���Ƶ�ҳ�滹��Ȼ�����ں˴��������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>任务<span lang=EN-US>1</span>时（用于运行<span
+lang=EN-US>init()</span>），由于此时复制的页面还仍然都在内核代码区域，因此以下</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж��е���䲻��ִ�У�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0 </span>��ҳ����Ȼ������ʱ��д��ֻ�е����� <span lang=EN-US>fork() </span>�ĸ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断中的语句不会执行，任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0 </span>的页面仍然可以随时读写。只有当调用 <span lang=EN-US>fork() </span>的父进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���봦�����ڴ�����ҳ��λ�ô���<span
-lang=EN-US>1MB</span>��ʱ�Ż�ִ�С����������Ҫ�ڽ��̵���<span lang=EN-US>execve()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>代码处于主内存区（页面位置大于<span
+lang=EN-US>1MB</span>）时才会执行。这种情况需要在进程调用<span lang=EN-US>execve()</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��װ��ִ�����³������ʱ�Ż���֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并装载执行了新程序代码时才会出现。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 157</span>����京������Դҳ������ָ�ڴ�ҳҲΪֻ������Ϊ���ڿ�ʼ�����������̹����ڴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 157</span>行语句含义是令源页表项所指内存页也为只读。因为现在开始已有两个进程共用内存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ˡ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��������Ҫ����д�����������ͨ��ҳ�쳣д��������Ϊִ��д�����Ľ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>区了。若其中<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个进程需要进行写操作，则可以通过页异常写保护处理为执行写操作的进</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�̷���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ�¿���ҳ�棬Ҳ������дʱ���ƣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>copy on write</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程分配<span lang=EN-US>1</span>页新空闲页面，也即进行写时复制（<span
+lang=EN-US>copy on write</span>）操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -74706,7 +74706,7 @@ if (this_page &gt; <u><span style='color:blue'>LOW_MEM</span></u>) {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*from_page_table = this_page; // </span>��Դҳ����Ҳֻ����</p>
+*from_page_table = this_page; // </span>令源页表项也只读。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -74734,7 +74734,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>invalidate</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ˢ��ҳ�任���ٻ��塣</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>刷新页变换高速缓冲。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return 0;</span></p>
@@ -74768,35 +74768,35 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���溯����һ�ڴ�ҳ����ã�ӳ�䣩��ָ�����Ե�ַ����������ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面函数将一内存页面放置（映射）到指定线性地址处。它返回页面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��������ַ������ڴ治��<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�ڷ���ҳ����ҳ��ʱ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>的物理地址，如果内存不够<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>在访问页表或页面时<span lang=EN-US>)</span>，则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ�����ڴ�ҳ��ӳ�䵽���Ե�ַ�ռ�ָ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把一物理内存页面映射到线性地址空间指定处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����˵�ǰ����Ե�ַ�ռ���ָ����ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>����ҳ��ӳ�䵽���ڴ���ҳ��<span lang=EN-US>page</span>�ϡ���Ҫ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>或者说是把线性地址空间中指定地址<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>处的页面映射到主内存区页面<span lang=EN-US>page</span>上。主要</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������ҳĿ¼���ҳ����������ָ��ҳ�����Ϣ�����ɹ��򷵻�����ҳ���ַ��
-��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>工作是在相关页目录项和页表项中设置指定页面的信息。若成功则返回物理页面地址。
+在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȱҳ�쳣��<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>����<span lang=EN-US>do_no_page() </span>�л���ô˺���������ȱҳ������쳣�������κ�ȱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处理缺页异常的<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数<span lang=EN-US>do_no_page() </span>中会调用此函数。对于缺页引起的异常，由于任何缺</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳԵ�ʶ���ҳ�����޸�ʱ��������Ҫˢ��<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>��ҳ�任���壨���<span lang=EN-US>Translation Lookaside</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页缘故而对页表作修改时，并不需要刷新<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>的页变换缓冲（或称<span lang=EN-US>Translation Lookaside</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Buffer - TLB</span>������ʹҳ�����б�־<span
-lang=EN-US>P</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�޸ĳ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����Ϊ��Чҳ��ᱻ���壬��˵�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Buffer - TLB</span>），即使页表项中标志<span
+lang=EN-US>P</span>被从<span lang=EN-US>0</span>修改成<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。因为无效页项不会被缓冲，因此当</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�޸���һ����Ч��ҳ����ʱ����Ҫˢ�¡��ڴ˾ͱ���Ϊ���õ���<span
-lang=EN-US>Invalidate()</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>修改了一个无效的页表项时不需要刷新。在此就表现为不用调用<span
+lang=EN-US>Invalidate()</span>函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>page</span>�Ƿ�������ڴ�����ĳһҳ�棨ҳ֡��ҳ�򣩵�ָ�룻<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>�����Ե�ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>page</span>是分配的主内存区中某一页面（页帧，页框）的指针；<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>是线性地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>174</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>put_page</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -74815,26 +74815,26 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>178</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* NOTE !!! This uses the fact that _pg_dir=0 */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ע��<span lang=EN-US>!!!
-</span>����ʹ����ҳĿ¼������ַ<span lang=EN-US>_pg_dir=0</span>������<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>注意<span lang=EN-US>!!!
+</span>这里使用了页目录表基地址<span lang=EN-US>_pg_dir=0</span>的条件<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>179</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ������������ڴ�ҳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>page </span>����Ч�ԡ������ҳ��λ�õ���<span lang=EN-US>LOW_MEM</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1MB</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数给定物理内存页面<span
+lang=EN-US>page </span>的有效性。如果该页面位置低于<span lang=EN-US>LOW_MEM</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>1MB</span>）或</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ϵͳʵ�ʺ����ڴ�߶� <span
-lang=EN-US>HIGH_MEMORY</span>���򷢳����档<span lang=EN-US>LOW_MEM </span>�����ڴ��������е���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>超出系统实际含有内存高端 <span
+lang=EN-US>HIGH_MEMORY</span>，则发出警告。<span lang=EN-US>LOW_MEM </span>是主内存区可能有的最</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>С��ʼλ�á���ϵͳ�����ڴ�С�ڻ����<span
-lang=EN-US>6MB</span>ʱ�����ڴ�����ʼ��<span lang=EN-US>LOW_MEM</span>�����ٲ鿴һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>小起始位置。当系统物理内存小于或等于<span
+lang=EN-US>6MB</span>时，主内存区起始于<span lang=EN-US>LOW_MEM</span>处。再查看一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�¸�<span lang=EN-US>
-page</span>ҳ���Ƿ����Ѿ������ҳ�棬���ж������ڴ�ҳ��ӳ���ֽ�ͼ<span lang=EN-US> mem_map[]</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下该<span lang=EN-US>
+page</span>页面是否是已经申请的页面，即判断其在内存页面映射字节图<span lang=EN-US> mem_map[]</span>中相</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ӧ�ֽ��Ƿ��Ѿ���λ����û�����跢�����档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>应字节是否已经置位。若没有则需发出警告。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>180</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (page &lt; <u><span
@@ -74857,18 +74857,18 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����ݲ���ָ�������Ե�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>��������ҳĿ¼���ж�Ӧ��Ŀ¼��ָ�룬������ȡ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后根据参数指定的线性地址<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>计算其在页目录表中对应的目录项指针，并从中取得</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ҳ����ַ�� �����Ŀ¼����Ч��<span
-lang=EN-US>P=1</span>������ָ����ҳ�����ڴ��У������ȡ��ָ��ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>二级页表地址。 如果该目录项有效（<span
+lang=EN-US>P=1</span>），即指定的页表在内存中，则从中取得指定页表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ַ�ŵ�<span lang=EN-US>page_table
-</span>�����С���������һ����ҳ���ҳ��ʹ�ã����ڶ�ӦĿ¼��������Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>地址放到<span lang=EN-US>page_table
+</span>变量中。否则申请一空闲页面给页表使用，并在对应目录项中置相应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��־��<span lang=EN-US>7 �C
-User</span>��<span lang=EN-US>U/S</span>��<span lang=EN-US>R/W</span>����Ȼ�󽫸�ҳ����ַ�ŵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>page_table</span>�����С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标志（<span lang=EN-US>7 –
+User</span>、<span lang=EN-US>U/S</span>、<span lang=EN-US>R/W</span>）。然后将该页表地址放到<span
+lang=EN-US>page_table</span>变量中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>184</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; page_table =
@@ -74904,16 +74904,16 @@ page_table = (unsigned long *) tmp;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>192</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ҵ���ҳ��<span
-lang=EN-US> page_table </span>���������ҳ�������ݣ���������ҳ��<span lang=EN-US>page</span>�ĵ�ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后在找到的页表<span
+lang=EN-US> page_table </span>中设置相关页表项内容，即把物理页面<span lang=EN-US>page</span>的地址填入表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ͬʱ��λ<span lang=EN-US>3</span>����־��<span
-lang=EN-US>U/S</span>��<span lang=EN-US>W/R</span>��<span lang=EN-US>P</span>������ҳ������ҳ���е�����ֵ�������Ե�ַλ<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>项同时置位<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个标志（<span
+lang=EN-US>U/S</span>、<span lang=EN-US>W/R</span>、<span lang=EN-US>P</span>）。该页表项在页表中的索引值等于线性地址位<span
 lang=EN-US>21 --</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>λ<span lang=EN-US>12</span>��ɵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>10</span>���ص�ֵ��ÿ��ҳ��������<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>�<span lang=EN-US>0
--- 0x3ff</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>位<span lang=EN-US>12</span>组成的<span
+lang=EN-US>10</span>比特的值。每个页表共可有<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>项（<span lang=EN-US>0
+-- 0x3ff</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; page_table[(address&gt;&gt;12)
@@ -74922,12 +74922,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; page_table[(address&
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* no need for invalidate */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����Ҫˢ��ҳ�任���ٻ���<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>不需要刷新页变换高速缓冲<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>195</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return page;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������ҳ���ַ��</p>
+// </span>返回物理页面地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>196</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -74958,26 +74958,26 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����Ҳ������ҳ�����޸ı�־������һ�����������ò��Ǻܺã�<span
-lang=EN-US>exec.c</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>如果你也想设置页面已修改标志，则上一个函数工作得不是很好：<span
+lang=EN-US>exec.c</span>程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Ҫ�������á���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>exec.c</span>�к������ڷ���ҳ��֮ǰ�޸Ĺ�ҳ�����ݡ�Ϊ��ʵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>需要这种设置。因为<span
+lang=EN-US>exec.c</span>中函数会在放置页面之前修改过页面内容。为了实</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>VM</span>��������Ҫ����ȷ�������޸�״̬��־����������������������ͬ�ĺ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>现<span
+lang=EN-US>VM</span>，我们需要能正确设置已修改状态标志。因而下面就有了与上面相同的函</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������Ǹú����ڷ���ҳ��ʱ���ҳ���־Ϊ���޸�״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>数，但是该函数在放置页面时会把页面标志为已修改状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ�������޸Ĺ��������ڴ�ҳ��ӳ�䵽���Ե�ַ�ռ�ָ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把一内容已修改过的物理内存页面映射到线性地址空间指定处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�������һ������<span
-lang=EN-US>put_page()</span>������ȫһ�������˱�������<span lang=EN-US>223</span>������ҳ��������ʱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数与上一个函数<span
+lang=EN-US>put_page()</span>几乎完全一样，除了本函数在<span lang=EN-US>223</span>行设置页表项内容时，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͬʱ��������ҳ�����޸ı�־��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>6</span>��<span lang=EN-US>PAGE_DIRTY</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>同时还设置了页面已修改标志（位<span
+lang=EN-US>6</span>，<span lang=EN-US>PAGE_DIRTY</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>put_dirty_page</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -75069,20 +75069,20 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>227</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ȡ��д����ҳ�溯��������ҳ�쳣�жϹ�����д�����쳣�Ĵ�����дʱ���ƣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>取消写保护页面函数。用于页异常中断过程中写保护异常的处理（写时复制）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ں˴�������ʱ���½����븸���̱����óɹ�������������ڴ�ҳ�棬����������Щҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在内核创建进程时，新进程与父进程被设置成共享代码和数据内存页面，并且所有这些页面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ó�ֻ��ҳ�档�����½��̻�ԭ������Ҫ���ڴ�ҳ��д����ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU </span>�ͻ��⵽���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>均被设置成只读页面。而当新进程或原进程需要向内存页面写数据时，<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU </span>就会检测到这个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ҳ��д�����쳣������������������ں˾ͻ������ж�Ҫд��ҳ���Ƿ񱻹�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>情况并产生页面写保护异常。于是在这个函数中内核就会首先判断要写的页面是否被共享。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��û�����ҳ�����óɿ�дȻ���˳�����ҳ���ǳ��ڹ���״̬������Ҫ��������һ��ҳ�沢</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若没有则把页面设置成可写然后退出。若页面是出于共享状态，则需要重新申请一新页面并</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ʊ�дҳ�����ݣ��Թ�д���̵���ʹ�á�������ȡ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复制被写页面内容，以供写进程单独使用。共享被取消。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ϊҳ����ָ�룬��������ַ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入参数为页表项指针，是物理地址。<span
 lang=EN-US>[ un_wp_page -- Un-Write Protect Page]</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
@@ -75099,21 +75099,21 @@ old_page,new_page;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>231</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ����ָ����ҳ����������ҳ��λ�ã���ַ�����жϸ�ҳ���Ƿ��ǹ���ҳ�档���ԭ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先取参数指定的页表项中物理页面位置（地址）并判断该页面是否是共享页面。如果原</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ���ַ�����ڴ�Ͷ�<span
-lang=EN-US> LOW_MEM</span>����ʾ�����ڴ����У�����������ҳ��ӳ���ֽ�ͼ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页面地址大于内存低端<span
+lang=EN-US> LOW_MEM</span>（表示在主内存区中），并且其在页面映射字节图数组中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����ʾҳ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�Σ�ҳ��û�б������������ڸ�ҳ���ҳ��������<span lang=EN-US> R/W </span>��־</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>值为<span lang=EN-US>1</span>（表示页面仅被引用<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>次，页面没有被共享），则在该页面的页表项中置<span lang=EN-US> R/W </span>标志</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����д������ˢ��ҳ�任���ٻ��壬Ȼ�󷵻ء���������ڴ�ҳ���ʱֻ��һ������ʹ�ã�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（可写），并刷新页变换高速缓冲，然后返回。即如果该内存页面此时只被一个进程使用，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ҳ����ں��еĽ��̣���ֱ�Ӱ����Ը�Ϊ��д���ɣ���������������һ����ҳ�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并且不是内核中的进程，就直接把属性改为可写即可，不用再重新申请一个新页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>232</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; old_page =
-0xfffff000 &amp; *table_entry;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡָ��ҳ����������ҳ���ַ��</p>
+0xfffff000 &amp; *table_entry;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取指定页表项中物理页面地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>233</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (old_page &gt;= <u><span
@@ -75135,16 +75135,16 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>237</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ҫ�����ڴ���������һҳ����ҳ���ִ��д�����Ľ��̵���ʹ�ã�ȡ��ҳ�湲����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则就需要在主内存区内申请一页空闲页面给执行写操作的进程单独使用，取消页面共享。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ԭҳ������ڴ�Ͷˣ�����ζ�� <span
-lang=EN-US>mem_map[] &gt; 1</span>��ҳ���ǹ����ģ�����ԭҳ���ҳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果原页面大于内存低端（则意味着 <span
+lang=EN-US>mem_map[] &gt; 1</span>，页面是共享的），则将原页面的页</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ӳ���ֽ�����ֵ�ݼ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ȼ��ָ��ҳ�������ݸ���Ϊ��ҳ���ַ�����ÿɶ�д�ȱ�־</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>面映射字节数组值递减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。然后将指定页表项内容更新为新页面地址，并置可读写等标志</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>U/S</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>R/W</span>��<span lang=EN-US>P</span>������ˢ��ҳ�任���ٻ���֮�����ԭҳ�����ݸ��Ƶ���ҳ�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（<span lang=EN-US>U/S</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>R/W</span>、<span lang=EN-US>P</span>）。在刷新页变换高速缓冲之后，最后将原页面内容复制到新页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>238</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(new_page=<u><span
@@ -75153,7 +75153,7 @@ style='color:blue'>get_free_page</span></u>()))</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>239</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>oom</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// Out of Memory</span>���ڴ治��������</p>
+// Out of Memory</span>。内存不够处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>240</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (old_page &gt;= <u><span
@@ -75207,28 +75207,28 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���û���ͼ��һ����ҳ����дʱ���ú��������Ѵ��ڵ��ڴ�ҳ�棨дʱ���ƣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>当用户试图往一共享页面上写时，该函数处理已存在的内存页面（写时复制），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ͨ����ҳ�渴�Ƶ�һ���µ�ַ�ϲ��ҵݼ�ԭҳ��Ĺ�������ֵʵ�ֵġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>它是通过将页面复制到一个新地址上并且递减原页面的共享计数值实现的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������ڴ���ռ䣬���Ǿ���ʾ�γ�����Ϣ���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>如果它在代码空间，我们就显示段出错信息并退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ִ��д����ҳ�洦����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>执行写保护页面处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��д����ҳ�洦����������ҳ�쳣�жϴ��������е��õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>C</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>page.s</span>�����б����á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是写共享页面处理函数。是页异常中断处理过程中调用的<span
+lang=EN-US>C</span>函数。在<span lang=EN-US>page.s</span>程序中被调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>error_code
-</span>�� <span lang=EN-US>address </span>�ǽ�����дд����ҳ��ʱ��<span lang=EN-US> CPU</span>�����쳣���Զ����ɵġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数参数<span lang=EN-US>error_code
+</span>和 <span lang=EN-US>address </span>是进程在写写保护页面时由<span lang=EN-US> CPU</span>产生异常而自动生成的。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // error_code</span>ָ���������ͣ��μ����¿�ʼ���ġ��ڴ�ҳ������쳣��һ�ڣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>�ǲ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // error_code</span>指出出错类型，参见本章开始处的“内存页面出错异常”一节；<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>是产生</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�쳣��ҳ�����Ե�ַ��д����ҳ��ʱ�踴��ҳ�棨дʱ���ƣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>异常的页面线性地址。写共享页面时需复制页面（写时复制）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>254</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>do_wp_page</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -75237,20 +75237,20 @@ long error_code,unsigned long address)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>255</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ж�<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>���ƼĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>CR2</span>����������ҳ���쳣�����Ե�ַ��ʲô��Χ�С����<span lang=EN-US>address</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>控制寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>CR2</span>给出的引起页面异常的线性地址在什么范围中。如果<span lang=EN-US>address</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>С��<span lang=EN-US>
-TASK_SIZE</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x4000000</span>����<span lang=EN-US>64MB</span>������ʾ�쳣ҳ��λ�����ں˻�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>小于<span lang=EN-US>
+TASK_SIZE</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0x4000000</span>，即<span lang=EN-US>64MB</span>），表示异常页面位置在内核或任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>和任务<span lang=EN-US>1</span>所处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ե�ַ��Χ�ڣ����Ƿ���������Ϣ���ں˷�Χ�ڴ汻д�����������<span
-lang=EN-US> (address�C</span>��ǰ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的线性地址范围内，于是发出警告信息“内核范围内存被写保护”；如果<span
+lang=EN-US> (address–</span>当前</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̴�����ʼ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>����һ�����̵ĳ��ȣ�<span lang=EN-US>64MB</span>������ʾ<span lang=EN-US>address</span>��ָ�����Ե�ַ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程代码起始地址<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>大于一个进程的长度（<span lang=EN-US>64MB</span>），表示<span lang=EN-US>address</span>所指的线性地址不在引起</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�쳣�Ľ������Ե�ַ�ռ䷶Χ�ڣ����ڷ���������Ϣ���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>异常的进程线性地址空间范围内，则在发出出错信息后退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>256</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (address &lt; <u><span
@@ -75288,13 +75288,13 @@ space */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>264</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* stupid, stupid. I really want the libc.a from GNU */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�������ڻ���������������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>estdio</span>����ڴ���ռ�ִ��д����<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>我们现在还不能这样做：因为<span
+lang=EN-US>estdio</span>库会在代码空间执行写操作<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����̫�޴��ˡ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>GNU</span>�õ�<span lang=EN-US>libc.a</span>�⡣<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>真是太愚蠢了。我真想从<span
+lang=EN-US>GNU</span>得到<span lang=EN-US>libc.a</span>库。<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ե�ַλ�ڽ��̵Ĵ���ռ��У�����ִֹ�г�����Ϊ������ֻ���ġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果线性地址位于进程的代码空间中，则终止执行程序。因为代码是只读的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>265</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -75307,57 +75307,57 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>267</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #endif</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������溯��<span
-lang=EN-US>un_wp_page()</span>������ȡ��ҳ�汣������������ҪΪ��׼���ò�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>调用上面函数<span
+lang=EN-US>un_wp_page()</span>来处理取消页面保护。但首先需要为其准备好参数。参数是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ե�ַ<span lang=EN-US>address</span>ָ��ҳ����ҳ���е�ҳ����ָ�룬����㷽���ǣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>线性地址<span lang=EN-US>address</span>指定页面在页表中的页表项指针，其计算方法是：</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>
-((address&gt;&gt;10) &amp; 0xffc)</span>������ָ�����Ե�ַ��ҳ������ҳ���е�ƫ�Ƶ�ַ����Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>①<span lang=EN-US>
+((address&gt;&gt;10) &amp; 0xffc)</span>：计算指定线性地址中页表项在页表中的偏移地址；因为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������Ե�ַ�ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>(address&gt;&gt;12) </span>����ҳ�����е���������ÿ��ռ<span lang=EN-US>4</span>���ֽڣ���˳�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据线性地址结构，<span
+lang=EN-US>(address&gt;&gt;12) </span>就是页表项中的索引，但每项占<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个字节，因此乘</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 4</span>��<span lang=EN-US>(address&gt;&gt;12)&lt;&lt;2
-= (address&gt;&gt;10)&amp;0xffc </span>�Ϳɵõ�ҳ�����ڱ��е�ƫ�Ƶ�ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 4</span>后：<span lang=EN-US>(address&gt;&gt;12)&lt;&lt;2
+= (address&gt;&gt;10)&amp;0xffc </span>就可得到页表项在表中的偏移地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>&amp;0xffc</span>�������Ƶ�ַ��Χ��һ��ҳ���ڡ�
-����Ϊֻ�ƶ���<span lang=EN-US>10</span>λ��������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>λ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>与操作<span lang=EN-US>&amp;0xffc</span>用于限制地址范围在一个页面内。
+又因为只移动了<span lang=EN-US>10</span>位，因此最后<span lang=EN-US>2</span>位</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ե�ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>12 </span>λ�е����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>λ��ҲӦ���ε��� ��������Ե�ַ��ҳ������ҳ����ƫ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是线性地址低<span
+lang=EN-US>12 </span>位中的最高<span lang=EN-US>2</span>位，也应屏蔽掉。 因此求线性地址中页表项在页表中偏</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƶ�ֱַ��һЩ�ı�ʾ������<span
-lang=EN-US>(((address&gt;&gt;12) &amp; 0x3ff)&lt;&lt;2 )</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>移地址直观一些的表示方法是<span
+lang=EN-US>(((address&gt;&gt;12) &amp; 0x3ff)&lt;&lt;2 )</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>
-(0xfffff000 &amp; *((address&gt;&gt;20) &amp;0xffc))</span>������ȡĿ¼����ҳ���ĵ�ֵַ�����У�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>②<span lang=EN-US>
+(0xfffff000 &amp; *((address&gt;&gt;20) &amp;0xffc))</span>：用于取目录项中页表的地址值；其中，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ((address&gt;&gt;20)
-&amp;0xffc)</span>����ȡ���Ե�ַ�е�Ŀ¼��������Ŀ¼���е�ƫ��λ�á���Ϊ</p>
+&amp;0xffc)</span>用于取线性地址中的目录索引项在目录表中的偏移位置。因为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // address&gt;&gt;22 </span>��Ŀ¼������ֵ����ÿ��<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>���ֽڣ���˳���<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�� <span lang=EN-US>(address&gt;&gt;22)&lt;&lt;2
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // address&gt;&gt;22 </span>是目录项索引值，但每项<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>个字节，因此乘以<span lang=EN-US>4</span>后： <span lang=EN-US>(address&gt;&gt;22)&lt;&lt;2
 </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // = (address&gt;&gt;20) </span>����ָ������Ŀ¼���е�ƫ�Ƶ�ַ��
-<span lang=EN-US>&amp;0xffc</span>��������Ŀ¼������ֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // = (address&gt;&gt;20) </span>就是指定项在目录表中的偏移地址。
+<span lang=EN-US>&amp;0xffc</span>用于屏蔽目录项索引值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>λ����Ϊֻ�ƶ���<span
-lang=EN-US>20</span>λ��������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>λ��ҳ�����������ݣ�Ӧ�����ε�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中最后<span lang=EN-US>2</span>位。因为只移动了<span
+lang=EN-US>20</span>位，因此最后<span lang=EN-US>2</span>位是页表索引的内容，应该屏蔽掉。而</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // *((address&gt;&gt;20)
-&amp;0xffc) </span>����ȡָ��Ŀ¼���������ж�Ӧҳ����������ַ���������</p>
+&amp;0xffc) </span>则是取指定目录表项内容中对应页表的物理地址。最后与上</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0xffffff000</span>�������ε�ҳĿ¼�������е�һЩ��־λ��Ŀ¼���<span
-lang=EN-US>12</span>λ����ֱ�۱�ʾΪ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0xffffff000</span>用于屏蔽掉页目录项内容中的一些标志位（目录项低<span
+lang=EN-US>12</span>位）。直观表示为</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // (0xffffff000 &amp;
-*((unsigned long *) (((address&gt;&gt;22) &amp; 0x3ff)&lt;&lt;2)))</span>��</p>
+*((unsigned long *) (((address&gt;&gt;22) &amp; 0x3ff)&lt;&lt;2)))</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�� �ɢ���ҳ������ҳ����ƫ�Ƶ�ַ���� ����Ŀ¼���������ж�Ӧҳ����������ַ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>③ 由①中页表项在页表中偏移地址加上 ②中目录表项内容中对应页表的物理地址即可</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�õ�ҳ�����ָ�루������ַ��������Թ�����ҳ����и��ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>得到页表项的指针（物理地址）。这里对共享的页面进行复制。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>268</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -75380,13 +75380,13 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>273</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>дҳ����֤��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>写页面验证。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҳ�治��д������ҳ�档��<span
-lang=EN-US>fork.c</span>�е�<span lang=EN-US>34</span>�б��ڴ���֤ͨ�ú���<span lang=EN-US>verify_area()</span>���á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若页面不可写，则复制页面。在<span
+lang=EN-US>fork.c</span>中第<span lang=EN-US>34</span>行被内存验证通用函数<span lang=EN-US>verify_area()</span>调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>address</span>��ָ��ҳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>4G</span>�ռ��е����Ե�ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>address</span>是指定页面在<span
+lang=EN-US>4G</span>空间中的线性地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>274</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>write_verify</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -75401,20 +75401,20 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned long page;<
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>277</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡָ�����Ե�ַ��Ӧ��ҳĿ¼�����Ŀ¼���еĴ���λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>P</span>���ж�Ŀ¼���Ӧ��ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先取指定线性地址对应的页目录项，根据目录项中的存在位（<span
+lang=EN-US>P</span>）判断目录项对应的页表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƿ���ڣ�����λ<span
-lang=EN-US>P=1?</span>�����������ڣ�<span lang=EN-US>P=0</span>���򷵻ء�������������Ϊ���ڲ����ڵ�ҳ��û</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是否存在（存在位<span
+lang=EN-US>P=1?</span>），若不存在（<span lang=EN-US>P=0</span>）则返回。这样处理是因为对于不存在的页面没</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�й�����дʱ���ƿ��ԣ�����������Դ˲����ڵ�ҳ��ִ��д����ʱ��ϵͳ�ͻ���Ϊȱҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有共享和写时复制可言，并且若程序对此不存在的页面执行写操作时，系统就会因为缺页异</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȥִ��<span lang=EN-US>do_no_page()</span>����Ϊ����ط�ʹ��
-<span lang=EN-US>put_page()</span>����ӳ��һ������ҳ�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>常而去执行<span lang=EN-US>do_no_page()</span>，并为这个地方使用
+<span lang=EN-US>put_page()</span>函数映射一个物理页面。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ų����Ŀ¼����ȡҳ����ַ������ָ��ҳ����ҳ���е�ҳ����ƫ��ֵ���ö�Ӧ��ַ��ҳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着程序从目录项中取页表地址，加上指定页面在页表中的页表项偏移值，得对应地址的页</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ�롣�ڸñ����а����Ÿ������Ե�ַ��Ӧ������ҳ�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>表项指针。在该表项中包含着给定线性地址对应的物理页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>278</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!( (page =
@@ -75432,11 +75432,11 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; page &amp;=
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; page +=
 ((address&gt;&gt;10) &amp; 0xffc);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���жϸ�ҳ�����е�λ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>R/W</span>����λ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>P</span>����־�������ҳ�治��д��<span lang=EN-US>R/W=0</span>���Ҵ��ڣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后判断该页表项中的位<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>（<span lang=EN-US>R/W</span>）、位<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>P</span>）标志。如果该页面不可写（<span lang=EN-US>R/W=0</span>）且存在，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ô��ִ�й�������͸���ҳ�������дʱ���ƣ�������ʲôҲ������ֱ���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>那么就执行共享检验和复制页面操作（写时复制）。否则什么也不做，直接退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>282</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((3 &amp;
@@ -75455,14 +75455,14 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>286</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ȡ��һҳ�����ڴ�ҳ��ӳ�䵽ָ�����Ե�ַ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>取得一页空闲内存页并映射到指定线性地址处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // get_free_page()</span>��������ȡ�������ڴ�����һҳ�����ڴ档���������򲻽��ǻ�ȡ��һҳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // get_free_page()</span>仅是申请取得了主内存区的一页物理内存。而本函数则不仅是获取到一页</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڴ�ҳ�棬����һ������<span
-lang=EN-US>put_page()</span>��������ҳ��ӳ�䵽ָ�������Ե�ַ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>物理内存页面，还进一步调用<span
+lang=EN-US>put_page()</span>，将物理页面映射到指定的线性地址处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>address</span>��ָ��ҳ������Ե�ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>address</span>是指定页面的线性地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>287</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>get_empty_page</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -75477,12 +75477,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned long tmp;</
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>290</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ȡ��һ����ҳ�棬���߲��ܽ���ȡҳ����õ�ָ����ַ��������ʾ�ڴ治������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若不能取得一空闲页面，或者不能将所取页面放置到指定地址处，则显示内存不够的信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 292</span>����Ӣ��ע�͵ĺ����ǣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>free_page()</span>�����Ĳ���<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>Ҳû�й�ϵ���ú��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 292</span>行上英文注释的含义是：<span
+lang=EN-US>free_page()</span>函数的参数<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>也没有关系，该函数会忽略</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>它并能正常返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>291</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(tmp=<u><span
@@ -75536,37 +75536,37 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * try_to_share()</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;p&quot;</span>�м��λ�ڵ�ַ<span lang=EN-US>&quot;address&quot;</span>����ҳ�棬��ҳ���Ƿ���ڣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * try_to_share()</span>在任务<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;p&quot;</span>中检查位于地址<span lang=EN-US>&quot;address&quot;</span>处的页面，看页面是否存在，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�Ƿ�ɾ�������Ǹɾ��Ļ������뵱ǰ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>是否干净。如果是干净的话，就与当前任务共享。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�⣡���������Ѽٶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>p !=</span>��ǰ���񣬲������ǹ���ͬһ��ִ�г��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意！这里我们已假定<span
+lang=EN-US>p !=</span>当前任务，并且它们共享同一个执行程序或库程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ԶԵ�ǰ����ָ����ַ����ҳ����й���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>尝试对当前进程指定地址处的页面进行共享处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>��ͬһִ�д��룬Ҳ������Ϊ��ǰ��������<span lang=EN-US>p</span>����ִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>fork</span>����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前进程与进程<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>是同一执行代码，也可以认为当前进程是由<span lang=EN-US>p</span>进程执行<span
+lang=EN-US>fork</span>操作产生的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̣�������ǵĴ�������һ�������δ�����ݶ����������޸���ô���ݶ�����ҲӦһ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程，因此它们的代码内容一样。如果未对数据段内容作过修改那么数据段内容也应一样。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���� <span lang=EN-US>address
-</span>�ǽ����е��߼���ַ�����ǵ�ǰ�������� <span lang=EN-US>p </span>���̹���ҳ����߼�ҳ���ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数 <span lang=EN-US>address
+</span>是进程中的逻辑地址，即是当前进程欲与 <span lang=EN-US>p </span>进程共享页面的逻辑页面地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>p</span>�ǽ�������ҳ��Ľ��̡����<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>����<span lang=EN-US>address</span>����ҳ����ڲ���û�б��޸Ĺ��Ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程<span lang=EN-US>p</span>是将被共享页面的进程。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>进程<span lang=EN-US>address</span>处的页面存在并且没有被修改过的话，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���õ�ǰ������<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>���̹���֮��ͬʱ����Ҫ��ָ֤���ĵ�ַ���Ƿ��Ѿ�������ҳ�棬����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>就让当前进程与<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>进程共享之。同时还需要验证指定的地址处是否已经申请了页面，若是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������������أ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1 - </span>ҳ�湲�������ɹ���<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>ʧ�ܡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则出错，死机。返回：<span
+lang=EN-US>1 - </span>页面共享处理成功；<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>失败。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>305</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>try_to_share</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -75596,27 +75596,27 @@ phys_addr;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>312</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȷֱ����ָ������<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>�к͵�ǰ�������߼���ַ<span lang=EN-US>address</span>��Ӧ��ҳĿ¼�Ϊ�˼��㷽��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先分别求得指定进程<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>中和当前进程中逻辑地址<span lang=EN-US>address</span>对应的页目录项。为了计算方便</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ָ���߼���ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>����<span lang=EN-US>'</span>�߼�<span lang=EN-US>'</span>ҳĿ¼��ţ����Խ��̿ռ䣨<span
-lang=EN-US>0 - 64MB</span>�������ҳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>先求出指定逻辑地址<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>处的<span lang=EN-US>'</span>逻辑<span lang=EN-US>'</span>页目录项号，即以进程空间（<span
+lang=EN-US>0 - 64MB</span>）算出的页</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼��š���<span
-lang=EN-US>'</span>�߼�<span lang=EN-US>'</span>ҳĿ¼��ż��Ͻ���<span lang=EN-US>p </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU 4G</span>���Կռ�����ʼ��ַ��Ӧ��ҳĿ¼�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录项号。该<span
+lang=EN-US>'</span>逻辑<span lang=EN-US>'</span>页目录项号加上进程<span lang=EN-US>p </span>在<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU 4G</span>线性空间中起始地址对应的页目录项，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���õ�����<span lang=EN-US>p</span>�е�ַ
-<span lang=EN-US>address </span>��ҳ������Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>4G </span>���Կռ��е�ʵ��ҳĿ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>from_page</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即得到进程<span lang=EN-US>p</span>中地址
+<span lang=EN-US>address </span>处页面所对应的<span lang=EN-US>4G </span>线性空间中的实际页目录项<span
+lang=EN-US>from_page</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>'</span>�߼�<span
-lang=EN-US>'</span>ҳĿ¼��ż��ϵ�ǰ����<span lang=EN-US>CPU 4G </span>���Կռ�����ʼ��ַ��Ӧ��ҳĿ¼��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>而<span lang=EN-US>'</span>逻辑<span
+lang=EN-US>'</span>页目录项号加上当前进程<span lang=EN-US>CPU 4G </span>线性空间中起始地址对应的页目录项，即可最后</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�õ���ǰ�����е�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>��ҳ������Ӧ��<span lang=EN-US>4G</span>���Կռ��е�ʵ��ҳĿ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>to_page</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>得到当前进程中地址<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>处页面所对应的<span lang=EN-US>4G</span>线性空间中的实际页目录项<span
+lang=EN-US>to_page</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>313</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; from_page = to_page
@@ -75624,42 +75624,42 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; from_page = to_page
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>314</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; from_page +=
-((p-&gt;start_code&gt;&gt;20) &amp; 0xffc);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // p</span>����Ŀ¼�</p>
+((p-&gt;start_code&gt;&gt;20) &amp; 0xffc);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // p</span>进程目录项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>315</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; to_page += ((<u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;start_code&gt;&gt;20) &amp; 0xffc);&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ����Ŀ¼�</p>
+// </span>当前进程目录项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵõ�<span lang=EN-US>p</span>���̺͵�ǰ����<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>��Ӧ��Ŀ¼�������ֱ�Խ���<span lang=EN-US>p</span>�͵�ǰ���̽��д�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在得到<span lang=EN-US>p</span>进程和当前进程<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>对应的目录项后，下面分别对进程<span lang=EN-US>p</span>和当前进程进行处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ȶ�<span lang=EN-US>p</span>���̵ı�����в�����Ŀ����ȡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>������<span lang=EN-US> address</span>��Ӧ�������ڴ�ҳ���ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面首先对<span lang=EN-US>p</span>进程的表项进行操作。目标是取得<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>进程中<span lang=EN-US> address</span>对应的物理内存页面地址，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ҹ�����ҳ����ڣ����Ҹɾ���û�б��޸Ĺ������ࣩ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并且该物理页面存在，而且干净（没有被修改过，不脏）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ȡĿ¼�����ݡ������Ŀ¼����Ч��<span
-lang=EN-US>P=0</span>������ʾĿ¼���Ӧ�Ķ���ҳ�������ڣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>方法是先取目录项内容。如果该目录项无效（<span
+lang=EN-US>P=0</span>），表示目录项对应的二级页表不存在，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ƿ��ء�����ȡ��Ŀ¼���Ӧҳ����ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>from</span>���Ӷ�������߼���ַ<span lang=EN-US>address</span>��Ӧ��ҳ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于是返回。否则取该目录项对应页表地址<span
+lang=EN-US>from</span>，从而计算出逻辑地址<span lang=EN-US>address</span>对应的页表项</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ�룬��ȡ����ҳ����������ʱ������<span
-lang=EN-US>phys_addr</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指针，并取出该页表项内容临时保存在<span
+lang=EN-US>phys_addr</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>316</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* is there a page-directory at from? */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>��<span lang=EN-US>from</span>���Ƿ����ҳĿ¼�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>在<span lang=EN-US>from</span>处是否存在页目录项？<span
 lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>317</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; from = *(unsigned
 long *) from_page;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// p</span>����Ŀ¼�����ݡ�</p>
+// p</span>进程目录项内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>318</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(from &amp;
@@ -75672,30 +75672,30 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>320</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; from &amp;=
 0xfffff000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ҳ����ַ��</p>
+// </span>页表地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>321</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; from_page = from +
-((address&gt;&gt;10) &amp; 0xffc);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ����ָ�롣</p>
+((address&gt;&gt;10) &amp; 0xffc);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页表项指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>322</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; phys_addr =
-*(unsigned long *) from_page;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ҳ�������ݡ�</p>
+*(unsigned long *) from_page;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>页表项内容。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ſ���ҳ����ӳ�������ҳ���Ƿ���ڲ��Ҹɾ���
-<span lang=EN-US>0x41 </span>��Ӧҳ�����е�<span lang=EN-US>D</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Dirty</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接着看看页表项映射的物理页面是否存在并且干净。
+<span lang=EN-US>0x41 </span>对应页表项中的<span lang=EN-US>D</span>（<span lang=EN-US>Dirty</span>）和</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // P</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Present</span>����־�����ҳ�治�ɾ�����Ч�򷵻ء�Ȼ�����ǴӸñ�����ȡ������ҳ���ַ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // P</span>（<span lang=EN-US>Present</span>）标志。如果页面不干净或无效则返回。然后我们从该表项中取出物理页面地址</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ٱ�����<span lang=EN-US>phys_addr</span>�С���������ټ��һ���������ҳ���ַ����Ч�ԣ�������Ӧ�ó���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再保存在<span lang=EN-US>phys_addr</span>中。最后我们再检查一下这个物理页面地址的有效性，即它不应该超过</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������ֵַ��Ҳ��Ӧ��С���ڴ�Ͷ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(1MB)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>机器最大物理地址值，也不应该小于内存低端<span
+lang=EN-US>(1MB)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>323</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* is the page clean and present? */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����ҳ��ɾ����Ҵ�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>物理页面干净并且存在吗？<span
 lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>324</span></u><span
@@ -75709,7 +75709,7 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>326</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; phys_addr &amp;=
 0xfffff000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ҳ���ַ��</p>
+// </span>物理页面地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>327</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (phys_addr &gt;=
@@ -75722,23 +75722,23 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ȶԵ�ǰ���̵ı�����в�����Ŀ����ȡ�õ�ǰ������<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>��Ӧ��ҳ�����ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面首先对当前进程的表项进行操作。目标是取得当前进程中<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>对应的页表项地址，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ҹ�ҳ���û��ӳ������ҳ�棬����<span
-lang=EN-US>P=0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并且该页表项还没有映射物理页面，即其<span
+lang=EN-US>P=0</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ��ǰ����ҳĿ¼������<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>to</span>�������Ŀ¼����Ч��<span
-lang=EN-US>P=0</span>������Ŀ¼���Ӧ�Ķ���ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先取当前进程页目录项内容<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>to</span>。如果该目录项无效（<span
+lang=EN-US>P=0</span>），即目录项对应的二级页表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڣ�������һ����ҳ�������ҳ����������Ŀ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>to_page</span>���ݣ�����ָ����ڴ�ҳ�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>不存在，则申请一空闲页面来存放页表，并更新目录项<span
+lang=EN-US>to_page</span>内容，让其指向该内存页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>329</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; to = *(unsigned
 long *) to_page;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ����Ŀ¼�����ݡ�</p>
+// </span>当前进程目录项内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>330</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if (!(to &amp; 1))</span></p>
@@ -75759,27 +75759,27 @@ else</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>oom</span></u>();</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡĿ¼���е�ҳ����ַ<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>to</span>������ҳ��������ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>&lt;&lt;2</span>����ҳ�����ڱ���ƫ�Ƶ�ַ���õ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则取目录项中的页表地址<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>to</span>，加上页表项索引值<span
+lang=EN-US>&lt;&lt;2</span>，即页表项在表中偏移地址，得到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ�����ַ<span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>to_page</span>����Ը�ҳ��������ʱ���Ǽ������Ӧ������ҳ���Ѿ����ڣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页表项地址<span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>to_page</span>。针对该页表项，如果此时我们检查出其对应的物理页面已经存在，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҳ����Ĵ���λ<span
-lang=EN-US>P=1</span>����˵��ԭ�������빲������<span lang=EN-US>p</span>�ж�Ӧ������ҳ�棬�����������Լ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即页表项的存在位<span
+lang=EN-US>P=1</span>，则说明原本我们想共享进程<span lang=EN-US>p</span>中对应的物理页面，但现在我们自己</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ѿ�ռ���ˣ�ӳ���У�����ҳ�档����˵���ں˳�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>已经占有了（映射有）物理页面。于是说明内核出错，死机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>335</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; to &amp;=
 0xfffff000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ҳ����ַ��</p>
+// </span>页表地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>336</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; to_page = to +
 ((address&gt;&gt;10) &amp; 0xffc);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-</span>ҳ�����ַ��</p>
+</span>页表项地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>337</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (1 &amp;
@@ -75792,25 +75792,25 @@ already exists&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ҵ��˽���<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>���߼���ַ<span lang=EN-US>address</span>����Ӧ�ĸɾ����Ҵ��ڵ�����ҳ�棬����Ҳȷ���˵�ǰ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在找到了进程<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>中逻辑地址<span lang=EN-US>address</span>处对应的干净并且存在的物理页面，而且也确定了当前</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������߼���ַ<span
-lang=EN-US> address </span>����Ӧ�Ķ���ҳ�����ַ֮���������ڶ����ǽ��й���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程中逻辑地址<span
+lang=EN-US> address </span>所对应的二级页表项地址之后，我们现在对他们进行共享处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ܼ򵥣��������ȶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>���̵�ҳ��������޸ģ�������д������<span lang=EN-US>R/W=0</span>��ֻ������־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>方法很简单，就是首先对<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>进程的页表项进行修改，设置其写保护（<span lang=EN-US>R/W=0</span>，只读）标志，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���õ�ǰ���̸���<span
-lang=EN-US> p</span>���̵����ҳ�����ʱ��ǰ�����߼���ַ<span lang=EN-US> address </span>��ҳ�漴��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后让当前进程复制<span
+lang=EN-US> p</span>进程的这个页表项。此时当前进程逻辑地址<span lang=EN-US> address </span>处页面即被</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ӳ�䵽<span lang=EN-US>p</span>�����߼���ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>��ҳ��ӳ�������ҳ���ϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>映射到<span lang=EN-US>p</span>进程逻辑地址<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>处页面映射的物理页面上。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>339</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* share them: write-protect */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�����ǽ��й���������д����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>对它们进行共享处理：写保护<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>340</span></u><span
@@ -75821,10 +75821,10 @@ from_page &amp;= ~2;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *(unsigned long *)
 to_page = *(unsigned long *) from_page;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ˢ��ҳ�任���ٻ��塣��������������ҳ���ҳ��ţ�������Ӧҳ��ӳ���ֽ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>随后刷新页变换高速缓冲。计算所操作物理页面的页面号，并将对应页面映射字节数组项中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����õ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����󷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����ʾ���������ɹ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的引用递增<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。最后返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，表示共享处理成功。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>342</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -75837,7 +75837,7 @@ style='color:blue'>LOW_MEM</span></u>;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>344</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; phys_addr &gt;&gt;=
 12;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ҳ��š�</p>
+// </span>得页面号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>345</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -75882,55 +75882,55 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * share_page()</span>��ͼ�ҵ�һ�����̣��������뵱ǰ���̹���ҳ�档����<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * share_page()</span>试图找到一个进程，它可以与当前进程共享页面。参数<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ǰ�������ݿռ�������������ĳҳ���ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>当前进程数据空间中期望共享的某页面地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��������ͨ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>executable-&gt;i_count</span>����֤�Ƿ���С���������������ѹ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>首先我们通过检测<span
+lang=EN-US>executable-&gt;i_count</span>来查证是否可行。如果有其他任务已共享</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>inode</span>������Ӧ�ô���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该<span
+lang=EN-US>inode</span>，则它应该大于<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����ҳ�洦����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>共享页面处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڷ���ȱҳ�쳣ʱ�����ȿ����ܷ�������ͬһ��ִ���ļ����������̽���ҳ�湲��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在发生缺页异常时，首先看看能否与运行同一个执行文件的其他进程进行页面共享处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú��������ж�ϵͳ���Ƿ�����һ������Ҳ�����е�ǰ����һ����ִ���ļ������У�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先判断系统中是否有另一个进程也在运行当前进程一样的执行文件。若有，则在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ��ǰ����������Ѱ���������������ҵ�������������ͳ������乲��ָ����ַ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统当前所有任务中寻找这样的任务。若找到了这样的任务就尝试与其共享指定地址处的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ�档��ϵͳ��û�������������������뵱ǰ������ͬ��ִ���ļ�����ô����ҳ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页面。若系统中没有其他任务正在运行与当前进程相同的执行文件，那么共享页面操作的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ǰ�����������ڣ���˺��������˳����ж�ϵͳ���Ƿ�����һ������Ҳ��ִ��ͬһ��ִ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>前提条件不存在，因此函数立刻退出。判断系统中是否有另一个进程也在执行同一个执行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ��ķ��������ý����������ݽṹ�е� <span
-lang=EN-US>executable </span>�ֶΣ���<span lang=EN-US>library</span>�ֶΣ������ֶ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件的方法是利用进程任务数据结构中的 <span
+lang=EN-US>executable </span>字段（或<span lang=EN-US>library</span>字段）。该字段</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ���������ִ�г��򣨻�ʹ�õĿ��ļ������ڴ��е�
-<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣���ݸ� <span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����ô���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指向进程正在执行程序（或使用的库文件）在内存中的
+<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。根据该 <span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的引用次数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i_count </span>���ǿ��Խ��������жϡ� ���ڵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i_count</span>ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������ϵͳ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i_count </span>我们可以进行这种判断。 若节点的<span
+lang=EN-US>i_count</span>值大于<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，则表明系统中有两个进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ͬһ��ִ���ļ�������ļ��������ǿ����ٶ�����ṹ��������������Ƚ��Ƿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>正在运行同一个执行文件（或库文件），于是可以再对任务结构数组中所有任务比较是否</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͬ�� <span lang=EN-US>executable</span>�ֶΣ���<span
-lang=EN-US> library</span>�ֶΣ������ȷ�����������������ִͬ���ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有相同的 <span lang=EN-US>executable</span>字段（或<span
+lang=EN-US> library</span>字段）来最后确定多个进程运行着相同执行文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的情况。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>�������й���ҳ�����ִ���ļ����ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣<span lang=EN-US>address</span>�ǽ����е��߼���ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>inode</span>是欲进行共享页面进程执行文件的内存<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。<span lang=EN-US>address</span>是进程中的逻辑地址，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǵ�ǰ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>���̹���ҳ����߼�ҳ���ַ������<span lang=EN-US>1 �C</span>���������ɹ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0 - </span>ʧ�ܡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即是当前进程欲与<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>进程共享页面的逻辑页面地址。返回<span lang=EN-US>1 –</span>共享操作成功，<span
+lang=EN-US>0 - </span>失败。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>357</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> static int <u><span style='color:blue'>share_page</span></u>(struct
@@ -75946,14 +75946,14 @@ style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> ** p;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>360</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ��һ�²���ָ�����ڴ� <span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ü���ֵ��������ڴ� <span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����ü���ֵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检查一下参数指定的内存 <span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点引用计数值。如果该内存 <span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的引用计数值等于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>executable-&gt;i_count
-=1</span>������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ��գ���ʾ��ǰϵͳ��ֻ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1</span>（<span lang=EN-US>executable-&gt;i_count
+=1</span>）或者<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针空，表示当前系统中只有<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个进程在运行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ���ļ������ṩ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���Ч������޹������ԣ�ֱ���˳�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该执行文件或者提供的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点无效。因此无共享可言，直接退出函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>361</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
@@ -75963,34 +75963,34 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������������������������Ѱ���뵱ǰ���̿ɹ���ҳ��Ľ��̣���������ִͬ���ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则搜索任务数组中所有任务。寻找与当前进程可共享页面的进程，即运行相同执行文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һ�����̣������Զ�ָ����ַ��ҳ����й������������߼���ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>С�ڽ��̿�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的另一个进程，并尝试对指定地址的页面进行共享。若进程逻辑地址<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>小于进程库</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ����߼���ַ�ռ����ʼ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>LIBRARY_OFFSET</span>�������������ҳ���ڽ���ִ���ļ���Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件在逻辑地址空间的起始地址<span
+lang=EN-US>LIBRARY_OFFSET</span>，则表明共享的页面在进程执行文件对应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���߼���ַ�ռ䷶Χ�ڣ����Ǽ��һ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��Ƿ�����̵�ִ���ļ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣨������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的逻辑地址空间范围内，于是检查一下指定<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点是否与进程的执行文件<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点（即进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>executable</span>��ͬ��������ͬ�����Ѱ�ҡ��������߼���ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>���ڵ��ڽ��̿��ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的<span lang=EN-US>executable</span>相同，若不相同则继续寻找。若进程逻辑地址<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>大于等于进程库文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���߼���ַ�ռ����ʼ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>LIBRARY_OFFSET</span>���������Ҫ������ҳ���ڽ���ʹ�õĿ��ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在逻辑地址空间的起始地址<span
+lang=EN-US>LIBRARY_OFFSET</span>，则表明想要共享的页面在进程使用的库文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�У����Ǽ��ָ���ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US> inode </span>�Ƿ�����̵Ŀ��ļ�<span lang=EN-US> i</span>�ڵ���ͬ��������ͬ�����Ѱ�ҡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中，于是检查指定节点<span
+lang=EN-US> inode </span>是否与进程的库文件<span lang=EN-US> i</span>节点相同，若不相同则继续寻找。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ҵ�ĳ������<span
-lang=EN-US>p</span>����<span lang=EN-US>executable</span>��<span lang=EN-US>library</span>��ָ���Ľڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>inode</span>��ͬ�������ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果找到某个进程<span
+lang=EN-US>p</span>，其<span lang=EN-US>executable</span>或<span lang=EN-US>library</span>与指定的节点<span
+lang=EN-US>inode</span>相同，则调用页面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��̽����<span lang=EN-US>try_to_share()
-</span>����ҳ�湲���������������ɹ�����������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>试探函数<span lang=EN-US>try_to_share()
+</span>尝试页面共享。若共享操作成功，则函数返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。否则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ����ҳ�����ʧ�ܡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>表示共享页面操作失败。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>363</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (p = &amp;<u><span
@@ -76000,7 +76000,7 @@ style='color:blue'>FIRST_TASK</span></u> ; --p) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>364</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!*p)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������������У������Ѱ�ҡ�</p>
+// </span>如果该任务项空闲，则继续寻找。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>365</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76009,7 +76009,7 @@ continue;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>366</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u> == *p)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ǵ�ǰ����Ҳ����Ѱ�ҡ�</p>
+// </span>如果就是当前任务，也继续寻找。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>367</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76021,7 +76021,7 @@ if (address &lt; <u><span style='color:blue'>LIBRARY_OFFSET</span></u>) {</span>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>369</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (inode != (*p)-&gt;executable)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ִ���ļ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+if (inode != (*p)-&gt;executable)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程执行文件<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>370</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76033,8 +76033,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>372</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-if (inode != (*p)-&gt;library)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʹ�ÿ��ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+if (inode != (*p)-&gt;library)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程使用库文件<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>373</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76047,7 +76047,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>375</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>try_to_share</span></u>(address,*p))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Թ���ҳ�档</p>
+// </span>尝试共享页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>376</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76065,24 +76065,24 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>380</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ִ��ȱҳ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>执行缺页处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ʲ�����ҳ��Ĵ���������ҳ�쳣�жϴ��������е��ô˺�������<span
-lang=EN-US>page.s</span>�����б����á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>访问不存在页面的处理函数，页异常中断处理过程中调用此函数。在<span
+lang=EN-US>page.s</span>程序中被调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>error_code
-</span>�� <span lang=EN-US>address </span>�ǽ����ڷ���ҳ��ʱ��<span lang=EN-US> CPU</span>��ȱҳ�����쳣���Զ����ɡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数参数<span lang=EN-US>error_code
+</span>和 <span lang=EN-US>address </span>是进程在访问页面时由<span lang=EN-US> CPU</span>因缺页产生异常而自动生成。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // error_code</span>ָ���������ͣ��μ����¿�ʼ���ġ��ڴ�ҳ������쳣��һ�ڣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>�ǲ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // error_code</span>指出出错类型，参见本章开始处的“内存页面出错异常”一节；<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>是产生</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�쳣��ҳ�����Ե�ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>异常的页面线性地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú������Ȳ鿴��ȱҳ�Ƿ��ڽ����豸�У������򽻻����������������Ѽ��ص���ͬ�ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数首先查看所缺页是否在交换设备中，若是则交换进来。否则尝试与已加载的相同文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ҳ�湲��������ֻ�����ڽ��̶�̬�����ڴ�ҳ���ֻ��ӳ��һҳ�����ڴ�ҳ���ɡ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进行页面共享，或者只是由于进程动态申请内存页面而只需映射一页物理内存页即可。若共</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ɹ�����ôֻ�ܴ���Ӧ�ļ��ж�����ȱ������ҳ�浽ָ�����Ե�ַ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>享操作不成功，那么只能从相应文件中读入所缺的数据页面到指定线性地址处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>381</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>do_no_page</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -76110,20 +76110,20 @@ style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>388</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ж�<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>���ƼĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>CR2</span>����������ҳ���쳣�����Ե�ַ��ʲô��Χ�С����<span lang=EN-US>address</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>控制寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>CR2</span>给出的引起页面异常的线性地址在什么范围中。如果<span lang=EN-US>address</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>С��<span lang=EN-US>
-TASK_SIZE</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0x4000000</span>����<span lang=EN-US>64MB</span>������ʾ�쳣ҳ��λ�����ں˻�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>小于<span lang=EN-US>
+TASK_SIZE</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0x4000000</span>，即<span lang=EN-US>64MB</span>），表示异常页面位置在内核或任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>和任务<span lang=EN-US>1</span>所处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ե�ַ��Χ�ڣ����Ƿ���������Ϣ���ں˷�Χ�ڴ汻д�����������<span
-lang=EN-US> (address�C</span>��ǰ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的线性地址范围内，于是发出警告信息“内核范围内存被写保护”；如果<span
+lang=EN-US> (address–</span>当前</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̴�����ʼ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>����һ�����̵ĳ��ȣ�<span lang=EN-US>64MB</span>������ʾ<span lang=EN-US>address</span>��ָ�����Ե�ַ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程代码起始地址<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>大于一个进程的长度（<span lang=EN-US>64MB</span>），表示<span lang=EN-US>address</span>所指的线性地址不在引起</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�쳣�Ľ������Ե�ַ�ռ䷶Χ�ڣ����ڷ���������Ϣ���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>异常的进程线性地址空间范围内，则在发出出错信息后退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>389</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (address &lt; <u><span
@@ -76151,24 +76151,24 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>394</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����ָ�������Ե�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>������Ӧ�Ķ���ҳ����ָ�룬�����ݸ�ҳ���������ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后根据指定的线性地址<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>求出其对应的二级页表项指针，并根据该页表项内容判断</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // address</span>����ҳ���Ƿ��ڽ����豸�С����������ҳ�沢�˳�������������ȡָ�����Ե�ַ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // address</span>处的页面是否在交换设备中。若是则调入页面并退出。方法是首先取指定线性地址</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // address</span>��Ӧ��Ŀ¼�����ݡ������Ӧ�Ķ���ҳ�����ڣ���ȡ����Ŀ¼���ж���ҳ���ĵ�ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // address</span>对应的目录项内容。如果对应的二级页表存在，则取出该目录项中二级页表的地址，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ҳ����ƫ��ֵ���õ����Ե�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>��ҳ���Ӧ��ҳ�����ָ�룬�Ӷ����ҳ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>加上页表项偏移值即得到线性地址<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>处页面对应的页面表项指针，从而获得页表项内</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ݡ���ҳ�������ݲ�Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ҳ�������λ<span lang=EN-US>P=0</span>����˵����ҳ����ָ��������ҳ��Ӧ���ڽ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>容。若页表项内容不为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>并且页表项存在位<span lang=EN-US>P=0</span>，则说明该页表项指定的物理页面应该在交</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸�С����Ǵӽ����豸�е���ָ��ҳ����˳�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>换设备中。于是从交换设备中调入指定页面后退出函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>395</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; page = *(unsigned
-long *) ((address &gt;&gt; 20) &amp; 0xffc); // </span>ȡĿ¼�����ݡ�</p>
+long *) ((address &gt;&gt; 20) &amp; 0xffc); // </span>取目录项内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>396</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (page &amp; 1) {</span></p>
@@ -76176,17 +76176,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (page &amp; 1) {<
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>397</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 page &amp;= 0xfffff000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ҳ����ַ��</p>
+// </span>二级页表地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>398</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 page += (address &gt;&gt; 10) &amp; 0xffc;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ҳ����ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>页表项指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>399</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 tmp = *(unsigned long *) page;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ҳ�������ݡ�</p>
+// </span>页表项内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>400</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76195,7 +76195,7 @@ if (tmp &amp;&amp; !(1 &amp; tmp)) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>401</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>swap_in</span></u>((unsigned long *) page);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ӽ����豸��ҳ�档</p>
+// </span>从交换设备读页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>402</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76208,59 +76208,59 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>404</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ���Կռ���ָ����ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>��ҳ���ַ�������ָ�����Ե�ַ�ڽ��̿ռ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则取线性空间中指定地址<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>处页面地址，并算出指定线性地址在进程空间中相对于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̻�ַ��ƫ�Ƴ���ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>tmp</span>������Ӧ���߼���ַ���Ӷ��������ȱҳҳ����ִ���ļ�ӳ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程基址的偏移长度值<span
+lang=EN-US>tmp</span>，即对应的逻辑地址。从而可以算出缺页页面在执行文件映像中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڿ��ļ��еľ�����ʼ���ݿ�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>或在库文件中的具体起始数据块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>405</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; address &amp;=
 0xfffff000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// address</span>��ȱҳҳ���ַ��</p>
+// address</span>处缺页页面地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>406</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; tmp = address - <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;start_code;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȱҳҳ���Ӧ�߼���ַ��</p>
+// </span>缺页页面对应逻辑地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȱҳ��Ӧ���߼���ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>tmp</span>���ڿ�ӳ���ļ��ڽ����߼��ռ��е���ʼλ�ã�˵��ȱ�ٵ�ҳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果缺页对应的逻辑地址<span
+lang=EN-US>tmp</span>大于库映像文件在进程逻辑空间中的起始位置，说明缺少的页</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڿ�ӳ���ļ��С����Ǵӵ�ǰ�����������ݽṹ�п���ȡ�ÿ�ӳ���ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>library</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>面在库映像文件中。于是从当前进程任务数据结构中可以取得库映像文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US>library</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ȱҳ�ڿ��ļ��е���ʼ���ݿ��<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>�����ȱҳ��Ӧ���߼���ַ<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>С�ڽ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并计算出该缺页在库文件中的起始数据块号<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>。如果缺页对应的逻辑地址<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>小于进程</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ��ӳ���ļ����߼���ַ�ռ��ĩ��λ�ã���˵��ȱ�ٵ�ҳ���ڽ���ִ���ļ�ӳ���У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的执行映像文件在逻辑地址空间的末端位置，则说明缺少的页面在进程执行文件映像中，于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ǿ��Դӵ�ǰ�����������ݻ�����ȡ��ִ���ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��<span lang=EN-US>executable</span>�����������ȱҳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是可以从当前进程任务数据机构中取得执行文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号<span lang=EN-US>executable</span>，并计算出该缺页</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ���ļ�ӳ���е���ʼ���ݿ��<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>�����߼���ַ<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>�Ȳ���ִ���ļ�ӳ��ĵ�ַ��Χ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在执行文件映像中的起始数据块号<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>。若逻辑地址<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>既不在执行文件映像的地址范围</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڣ�Ҳ���ڿ��ļ��ռ䷶Χ�ڣ���˵��ȱҳ�ǽ��̷��ʶ�̬������ڴ�ҳ���������£����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内，也不在库文件空间范围内，则说明缺页是进程访问动态申请的内存页面数据所致，因此</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>û�ж�Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����ݿ�ţ����ÿգ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>没有对应<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和数据块号（都置空）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ���豸�ϴ�ŵ�ִ���ļ�ӳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�������ǳ���ͷ�ṹ������ڶ�ȡ���ļ�ʱ��Ҫ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因为块设备上存放的执行文件映像第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>块数据是程序头结构，因此在读取该文件时需要跳过</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ݡ�������Ҫ���ȼ���ȱҳ���ڵ����ݿ�š���Ϊÿ�����ݳ���Ϊ<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>块数据。所以需要首先计算缺页所在的数据块号。因为每块数据长度为<span
 lang=EN-US>BLOCK_SIZE =</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1KB</span>�����һҳ�ڴ�ɴ��<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>�����ݿ顣�����߼���ַ<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>�������ݿ��С�ټ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���ɵó�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1KB</span>，因此一页内存可存放<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>个数据块。进程逻辑地址<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>除以数据块大小再加<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>即可得出</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȱ�ٵ�ҳ����ִ��ӳ���ļ��е���ʼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>缺少的页面在执行映像文件中的起始块号<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>407</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (tmp &gt;= <u><span
@@ -76269,7 +76269,7 @@ style='color:blue'>LIBRARY_OFFSET</span></u> ) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>408</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;inode
 = <u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;library;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ļ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ȱҳ��ʼ��š�</p>
+// </span>库文件<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和缺页起始块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>409</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76283,7 +76283,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } else if (tmp &lt;
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>411</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode = <u><span style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;executable;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ִ���ļ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��ȱҳ��ʼ��š�</p>
+// </span>执行文件<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点和缺页起始块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>412</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76295,7 +76295,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } else {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>414</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 inode = <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ƕ�̬��������ݻ�ջ�ڴ�ҳ�档</p>
+// </span>是动态申请的数据或栈内存页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>415</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76304,20 +76304,20 @@ block = 0;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>416</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǽ��̷����䶯̬�����ҳ���Ϊ�˴��ջ��Ϣ�������ȱҳ�쳣����ֱ������һҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若是进程访问其动态申请的页面或为了存放栈信息而引起的缺页异常，则直接申请一页物</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڴ�ҳ�沢ӳ�䵽���Ե�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>�����ɡ�����˵����ȱҳ���ڽ���ִ���ļ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>理内存页面并映射到线性地址<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>处即可。否则说明所缺页面在进程执行文件或库文</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Χ�ڣ����Ǿͳ��Թ���ҳ����������ɹ����˳��������ɹ���ֻ������һҳ�����ڴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>件范围内，于是就尝试共享页面操作，若成功则退出。若不成功就只能申请一页物理内存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ��<span lang=EN-US>page</span>��Ȼ����豸�϶�ȡִ���ļ��е���Ӧҳ�沢���ã�ӳ�䣩������ҳ���߼���ַ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页面<span lang=EN-US>page</span>，然后从设备上读取执行文件中的相应页面并放置（映射）到进程页面逻辑地址</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tmp</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tmp</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>417</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!inode) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ƕ�̬����������ڴ�ҳ�档</p>
+// </span>是动态申请的数据内存页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>418</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76333,7 +76333,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>421</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>share_page</span></u>(inode,tmp))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����߼���ַ<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>��ҳ��Ĺ�����</p>
+// </span>尝试逻辑地址<span lang=EN-US>tmp</span>处页面的共享。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>422</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76342,7 +76342,7 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>423</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!(page = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>get_free_page</span></u>()))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����һҳ�����ڴ档</p>
+// </span>申请一页物理内存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>424</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76351,17 +76351,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>425</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* remember that 1 block is used for header */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>��ס��������ͷҪʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ݿ�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>记住，（程序）头要使用<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个数据块<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ź�ִ���ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬���ǾͿ��Դ�ӳ��λͼ���ҵ���Ӧ���豸�ж�Ӧ���豸</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据这个块号和执行文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，我们就可以从映射位图中找到对应块设备中对应的设备</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�߼���ţ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>nr[]</span>�����У�������<span lang=EN-US>bread_page()</span>���ɰ���<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>���߼�����뵽����ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>逻辑块号（保存在<span
+lang=EN-US>nr[]</span>数组中）。利用<span lang=EN-US>bread_page()</span>即可把这<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>个逻辑块读入到物理页面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // page</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // page</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>426</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0 ; i&lt;4 ;
@@ -76377,23 +76377,23 @@ style='color:blue'>bread_page</span></u>(page,inode-&gt;i_dev,nr);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڶ��豸�߼������ʱ�����ܻ��������һ�����������ִ���ļ��еĶ�ȡҳ��λ�ÿ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在读设备逻辑块操作时，可能会出现这样一种情况，即在执行文件中的读取页面位置可能离</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�β����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ҳ��ĳ��ȡ���˾Ϳ��ܶ���һЩ���õ���Ϣ������Ĳ������ǰ��ⲿ�ֳ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件尾不到<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个页面的长度。因此就可能读入一些无用的信息。下面的操作就是把这部分超</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ���ļ�<span lang=EN-US>end_data</span>�Ժ�Ĳ��ֽ������㴦������Ȼ������ҳ����ĩ�˳���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ��˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>出执行文件<span lang=EN-US>end_data</span>以后的部分进行清零处理。当然，若该页面离末端超过<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>页，说明不</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ǵ�ִ���ļ�ӳ���ж�ȡ��ҳ�棬���Ǵӿ��ļ��ж�ȡ�ģ���˲���ִ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是从执行文件映像中读取的页面，而是从库文件中读取的，因此不用执行清零操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>429</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i = tmp + 4096 - <u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;end_data;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ֽڳ���ֵ��</p>
+// </span>超出的字节长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>430</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (i&gt;4095)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ĩ�˳���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ�������㡣</p>
+// </span>离末端超过<span lang=EN-US>1</span>页则不用清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>431</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76401,12 +76401,12 @@ i = 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>432</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; tmp = page + 4096;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// tmp</span>ָ��ҳ��ĩ�ˡ�</p>
+// tmp</span>指向页面末端。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>433</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (i-- &gt; 0)
 {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ҳ��ĩ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ֽ����㡣</p>
+// </span>页面末端<span lang=EN-US>i</span>字节清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>434</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76419,10 +76419,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>436</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ȱҳ�쳣��һҳ����ҳ��ӳ�䵽ָ�����Ե�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>address</span>�����������ɹ��ͷ��ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后把引起缺页异常的一页物理页面映射到指定线性地址<span
+lang=EN-US>address</span>处。若操作成功就返回。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ͷ��ڴ�ҳ����ʾ�ڴ治����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则就释放内存页，显示内存不够。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>437</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -76445,50 +76445,50 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>442</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ڴ������ʼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>物理内存管理初始化。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�����<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>�����ڴ�������ҳ��Ϊ��λ���й���ǰ�ĳ�ʼ�����ù�����һ��ҳ�泤��Ϊ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数对<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>以上内存区域以页面为单位进行管理前的初始化设置工作。一个页面长度为</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 4KB</span>�ֽڡ��ú�����<span
-lang=EN-US> 1MB</span>�������������ڴ滮�ֳ�һ����ҳ�棬��ʹ��һ��ҳ��ӳ���ֽ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 4KB</span>字节。该函数把<span
+lang=EN-US> 1MB</span>以上所有物理内存划分成一个个页面，并使用一个页面映射字节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>mem_map[]
-</span>������������Щҳ�档���ھ���<span lang=EN-US>16MB</span>�ڴ������Ļ����������鹲��<span lang=EN-US>3840</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数组<span lang=EN-US>mem_map[]
+</span>来管理所有这些页面。对于具有<span lang=EN-US>16MB</span>内存容量的机器，该数组共有<span lang=EN-US>3840</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>
-((16MB - 1MB)/4KB)</span>�����ɹ���<span lang=EN-US>3840</span>������ҳ�档ÿ��һ�������ڴ�ҳ�汻ռ��ʱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>项<span lang=EN-US>
+((16MB - 1MB)/4KB)</span>，即可管理<span lang=EN-US>3840</span>个物理页面。每当一个物理内存页面被占用时就</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>
-mem_map[]</span>�ж�Ӧ�ĵ��ֽ�ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ͷ�һ������ҳ�棬�ͰѶ�Ӧ�ֽ�ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�� ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把<span lang=EN-US>
+mem_map[]</span>中对应的的字节值增<span lang=EN-US>1</span>；若释放一个物理页面，就把对应字节值减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。 若字</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US> 0</span>�����ʾ��Ӧҳ����У�
-���ֽ�ֵ���ڻ����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ʾ��Ӧҳ�汻ռ�û򱻲�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>节值为<span lang=EN-US> 0</span>，则表示对应页面空闲；
+若字节值大于或等于<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，则表示对应页面被占用或被不</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͬ������ռ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>同程序共享占用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڸð汾�� <span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>�ں��У�����ܹ���<span lang=EN-US> 16MB</span>�������ڴ棬����<span
-lang=EN-US>16MB</span>���ڴ潫���ò��á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在该版本的 <span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>内核中，最多能管理<span lang=EN-US> 16MB</span>的物理内存，大于<span
+lang=EN-US>16MB</span>的内存将弃置不用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ھ���<span lang=EN-US>16MB</span>�ڴ��<span
-lang=EN-US>PC</span>��ϵͳ����û������������ <span lang=EN-US>RAMDISK</span>������� <span
-lang=EN-US>start_mem</span>ͨ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于具有<span lang=EN-US>16MB</span>内存的<span
+lang=EN-US>PC</span>机系统，在没有设置虚拟盘 <span lang=EN-US>RAMDISK</span>的情况下 <span
+lang=EN-US>start_mem</span>通常</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>4MB</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>end_mem</span>��<span lang=EN-US>16MB</span>����˴�ʱ���ڴ�����Χ��<span
-lang=EN-US>4MB��16MB</span>������<span lang=EN-US>3072</span>������ҳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是<span lang=EN-US>4MB</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>end_mem</span>是<span lang=EN-US>16MB</span>。因此此时主内存区范围是<span
+lang=EN-US>4MB—16MB</span>，共有<span lang=EN-US>3072</span>个物理页面可</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����䡣����Χ<span
-lang=EN-US>0 - 1MB</span>�ڴ�ռ������ں�ϵͳ����ʵ�ں�ֻʹ��<span lang=EN-US>0 ��640Kb</span>��ʣ�µĲ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>供分配。而范围<span
+lang=EN-US>0 - 1MB</span>内存空间用于内核系统（其实内核只使用<span lang=EN-US>0 —640Kb</span>，剩下的部</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ֱ����ָ��ٻ�����豸�ڴ�ռ�ã���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>分被部分高速缓冲和设备内存占用）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>start_mem</span>�ǿ�����ҳ���������ڴ�����ʼ��ַ����ȥ��<span
-lang=EN-US>RAMDISK</span>��ռ�ڴ�ռ䣩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>start_mem</span>是可用作页面分配的主内存区起始地址（已去除<span
+lang=EN-US>RAMDISK</span>所占内存空间）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // end_mem</span>��ʵ�������ڴ�����ַ������ַ��Χ<span
-lang=EN-US>start_mem</span>��<span lang=EN-US>end_mem</span>�����ڴ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // end_mem</span>是实际物理内存最大地址。而地址范围<span
+lang=EN-US>start_mem</span>到<span lang=EN-US>end_mem</span>是主内存区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>443</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>mem_init</span></u>(long
@@ -76503,20 +76503,20 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>446</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>16MB</span>��Χ�������ڴ�ҳ���Ӧ���ڴ�ӳ���ֽ���������Ϊ��ռ��״̬������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先将<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>到<span
+lang=EN-US>16MB</span>范围内所有内存页面对应的内存映射字节数组项置为已占用状态，即各</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ֽ�ֵȫ�����ó�<span
-lang=EN-US>USED</span>��<span lang=EN-US>100</span>����<span lang=EN-US>PAGING_PAGES</span>������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>(PAGING_MEMORY&gt;&gt;12)</span>����<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>项字节值全部设置成<span
+lang=EN-US>USED</span>（<span lang=EN-US>100</span>）。<span lang=EN-US>PAGING_PAGES</span>被定义为<span
+lang=EN-US>(PAGING_MEMORY&gt;&gt;12)</span>，即<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������ڴ��ҳ����ڴ�ҳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>(15MB/4KB = 3840)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以上所有物理内存分页后的内存页面数<span
+lang=EN-US>(15MB/4KB = 3840)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>447</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>HIGH_MEMORY</span></u> = end_mem;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ڴ���߶ˣ�<span lang=EN-US>16MB</span>����</p>
+// </span>设置内存最高端（<span lang=EN-US>16MB</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>448</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0 ; i&lt;<u><span
@@ -76526,22 +76526,22 @@ style='color:blue'>PAGING_PAGES</span></u> ; i++)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>mem_map</span></u>[i] = <u><span style='color:blue'>USED</span></u>;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ��������ڴ�����ʼ�ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US> start_mem </span>��ҳ���Ӧ�ڴ�ӳ���ֽ����������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�����ڴ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后计算主内存区起始内存<span
+lang=EN-US> start_mem </span>处页面对应内存映射字节数组中项号<span lang=EN-US>i</span>和主内存区</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ��������ʱ <span
-lang=EN-US>mem_map[] </span>����ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>������Ӧ���ڴ����е�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��ҳ�档������ڴ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页面数。此时 <span
+lang=EN-US>mem_map[] </span>数组的第<span lang=EN-US>i</span>项正对应主内存区中第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个页面。最后将主内存区中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ���Ӧ�����������㣨��ʾ���У������ھ���<span
-lang=EN-US>16MB</span>�����ڴ��ϵͳ��<span lang=EN-US>mem_map[] </span>�ж�Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页面对应的数组项清零（表示空闲）。对于具有<span
+lang=EN-US>16MB</span>物理内存的系统，<span lang=EN-US>mem_map[] </span>中对应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 4Mb--16Mb</span>���ڴ���������㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 4Mb--16Mb</span>主内存区的项被清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>450</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i = <u><span
 style='color:blue'>MAP_NR</span></u>(start_mem);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���ڴ�����ʼλ�ô�ҳ��š�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>主内存区起始位置处页面号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>451</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; end_mem -=
@@ -76550,7 +76550,7 @@ start_mem;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>452</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; end_mem &gt;&gt;=
 12;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ڴ����е���ҳ������</p>
+// </span>主内存区中的总页面数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>453</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while
@@ -76559,7 +76559,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>454</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>mem_map</span></u>[i++]=0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ڴ���ҳ���Ӧ�ֽ�ֵ���㡣</p>
+// </span>主内存区页面对应字节值清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>455</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -76567,16 +76567,16 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>456</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾϵͳ�ڴ���Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>显示系统内存信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڴ�ӳ���ֽ�����<span
-lang=EN-US> mem_map[] </span>�е���Ϣ�Լ�ҳĿ¼��ҳ������ͳ��ϵͳ��ʹ�õ��ڴ�ҳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据内存映射字节数组<span
+lang=EN-US> mem_map[] </span>中的信息以及页目录和页表内容统计系统中使用的内存页</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ڴ������������ڴ�ҳ�������ú�����<span
-lang=EN-US> chr_drv/keyboard.S</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>186</span>�б����á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>面数和主内存区中总物理内存页面数。该函数在<span
+lang=EN-US> chr_drv/keyboard.S</span>程序第<span lang=EN-US>186</span>行被调用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������¡�<span lang=EN-US>Shift
-+ Scroll Lock</span>����ϼ�ʱ����ʾϵͳ�ڴ�ͳ����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即当按下“<span lang=EN-US>Shift
++ Scroll Lock</span>”组合键时会显示系统内存统计信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>457</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>show_mem</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -76598,11 +76598,11 @@ pg_tbl;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>462</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڴ�ӳ���ֽ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>mem_map[]</span>��ͳ��ϵͳ���ڴ���ҳ������<span lang=EN-US>total</span>���Լ����п���ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据内存映射字节数组<span
+lang=EN-US>mem_map[]</span>，统计系统主内存区页面总数<span lang=EN-US>total</span>，以及其中空闲页面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>free</span>�ͱ�������ҳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>shared</span>������Щ��Ϣ��ʾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数<span lang=EN-US>free</span>和被共享的页面数<span
+lang=EN-US>shared</span>。并这些信息显示。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>463</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -76616,7 +76616,7 @@ style='color:blue'>PAGING_PAGES</span></u> ; i++) {</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>mem_map</span></u>[i] == <u><span
 style='color:blue'>USED</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 1MB</span>�����ڴ�ϵͳռ�õ�ҳ�档</p>
+// 1MB</span>以上内存系统占用的页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>466</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76633,7 +76633,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>469</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>free</span></u>++;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ڴ�������ҳ��ͳ�ơ�</p>
+// </span>主内存区空闲页面统计。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>470</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76642,7 +76642,7 @@ else</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>471</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 shared += <u><span style='color:blue'>mem_map</span></u>[i]-1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ҳ�������ֽ�ֵ<span lang=EN-US>&gt;1</span>����</p>
+// </span>共享的页面数（字节值<span lang=EN-US>&gt;1</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>472</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
@@ -76658,21 +76658,21 @@ style='color:blue'>printk</span></u>(<i>&quot;%d pages shared\n\r&quot;</i>,shar
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͳ�ƴ�������ҳ�����߼�ҳ������ҳĿ¼��ǰ<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>��ں˴���ʹ�ã�����Ϊͳ�Ʒ�Χ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>统计处理器分页管理逻辑页面数。页目录表前<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>项供内核代码使用，不列为统计范围，因此</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɨ�账����ҳĿ¼��ӵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>5</span>�ʼ��������ѭ����������ҳĿ¼���ǰ<span lang=EN-US>4</span>���������Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扫描处理的页目录项从第<span
+lang=EN-US>5</span>项开始。方法是循环处理所有页目录项（除前<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个项），若对应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ķ���ҳ�����ڣ���ô��ͳ�ƶ���ҳ������ռ�õ��ڴ�ҳ�棨<span
-lang=EN-US>484</span>�У���Ȼ��Ը�ҳ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的二级页表存在，那么先统计二级页表本身占用的内存页面（<span
+lang=EN-US>484</span>行），然后对该页表中所</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҳ�����Ӧҳ���������ͳ�ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有页表项对应页面情况进行统计。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>475</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; k = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>һ������ռ��ҳ��ͳ��ֵ��</p>
+</span>一个进程占用页面统计值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>476</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for(i=4 ; i&lt;1024
@@ -76682,16 +76682,16 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for(i=4 ; i&lt;1024
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (1&amp;<u><span style='color:blue'>pg_dir</span></u>[i]) {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ҳĿ¼���Ӧ����ҳ����ַ���ڻ�����������ڴ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>HIGH_MEMORY</span>����˵����Ŀ¼��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（如果页目录项对应二级页表地址大于机器最高物理内存地址<span
+lang=EN-US>HIGH_MEMORY</span>，则说明该目录项</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����⡣������ʾ��Ŀ¼����Ϣ������������һ��Ŀ¼���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有问题。于是显示该目录项信息并继续处理下一个目录项。）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>478</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (<u><span style='color:blue'>pg_dir</span></u>[i]&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>HIGH_MEMORY</span></u>) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ŀ¼�����ݲ�������</p>
+// </span>目录项内容不正常。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>479</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76705,22 +76705,22 @@ i,<u><span style='color:blue'>pg_dir</span></u>[i]);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>481</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 continue;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// continue</span>֮ǰ�����<span lang=EN-US>i++</span>��</p>
+// continue</span>之前需插入<span lang=EN-US>i++</span>；</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>482</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ҳĿ¼���Ӧ����ҳ���ġ���ַ������<span
-lang=EN-US>LOW_MEM</span>����<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>�������һ������ռ�õ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果页目录项对应二级页表的“地址”大于<span
+lang=EN-US>LOW_MEM</span>（即<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>），则把一个进程占用的物理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ�ҳͳ��ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>k</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����ϵͳռ�õ����������ڴ�ҳͳ��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>free</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ȼ��ȡ��Ӧҳ����ַ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存页统计值<span
+lang=EN-US>k</span>增<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，把系统占用的所有物理内存页统计值<span lang=EN-US>free</span>增<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。然后取对应页表地址</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pg_tbl</span>�����Ը�ҳ��������ҳ�������ͳ�ơ������ǰҳ������ָ����ҳ����ڲ��Ҹ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // pg_tbl</span>，并对该页表中所有页表项进行统计。如果当前页表项所指物理页面存在并且该物理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ�桰��ַ������<span
-lang=EN-US>LOW_MEM</span>����ô�ͽ�ҳ�����Ӧҳ������ͳ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页面“地址”大于<span
+lang=EN-US>LOW_MEM</span>，那么就将页表项对应页面纳入统计值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>483</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76730,7 +76730,7 @@ style='color:blue'>LOW_MEM</span></u>)</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>484</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>free</span></u>++,k++;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ͳ��ҳ��ռ��ҳ�档</p>
+// </span>统计页表占用页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>485</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76744,10 +76744,10 @@ for(j=0 ; j&lt;1024 ; j++)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if ((pg_tbl[j]&amp;1) &amp;&amp; pg_tbl[j]&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>LOW_MEM</span></u>)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ҳ���ַ���ڻ�����������ڴ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>HIGH_MEMORY</span>����˵����ҳ�������������⣬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（若该物理页面地址大于机器最高物理内存地址<span
+lang=EN-US>HIGH_MEMORY</span>，则说明该页表项内容有问题，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʾ��ҳ�������ݡ�����ҳ�����Ӧҳ������ͳ��ֵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于是显示该页表项内容。否则将页表项对应页面纳入统计值。）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>488</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76768,24 +76768,24 @@ else</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>492</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-k++,<u><span style='color:blue'>free</span></u>++;&nbsp; // </span>ͳ��ҳ�����Ӧҳ�档</p>
+k++,<u><span style='color:blue'>free</span></u>++;&nbsp; // </span>统计页表项对应页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>493</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ÿ���������Կռ䳤����<span
-lang=EN-US>64MB</span>������һ������ռ��<span lang=EN-US>16</span>��Ŀ¼��������ÿͳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>16</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因每个任务线性空间长度是<span
+lang=EN-US>64MB</span>，所以一个任务占用<span lang=EN-US>16</span>个目录项。因此这里每统计了<span
+lang=EN-US>16</span>个</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼��Ͱѽ��̵�����ṹռ�õ�ҳ��ͳ�ƽ���������ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>k=0</span>���ʾ��ǰ��<span lang=EN-US>16</span>��ҳĿ¼����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录项就把进程的任务结构占用的页表统计进来。若此时<span
+lang=EN-US>k=0</span>则表示当前的<span lang=EN-US>16</span>个页目录所对</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ӧ�Ľ�����ϵͳ�в����ڣ�û�д��������Ѿ���ֹ����
-����ʾ�˶�Ӧ���̺ź���ռ�õ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>应的进程在系统中不存在（没有创建或者已经终止）。
+在显示了对应进程号和其占用的物理</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ�ҳͳ��ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>k</span>�󣬽�<span lang=EN-US>k</span>���㣬������ͳ����һ������ռ�õ��ڴ�ҳ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存页统计值<span
+lang=EN-US>k</span>后，将<span lang=EN-US>k</span>清零，以用于统计下一个进程占用的内存页面数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>494</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76794,7 +76794,7 @@ i++;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>495</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(i&amp;15) &amp;&amp; k) {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// k !=0 </span>��ʾ��Ӧ���̴��ڡ�</p>
+// k !=0 </span>表示相应进程存在。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>496</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -76817,7 +76817,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>500</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʾϵͳ������ʹ�õ��ڴ�ҳ������ڴ������ܵ��ڴ�ҳ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后显示系统中正在使用的内存页面和主内存区中总的内存页面数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>501</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -76846,7 +76846,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448030"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447434"></a><a name="_Toc53320653"><span lang=EN-US>13.2 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>13-2 linux/mm/page.s</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>13-2 linux/mm/page.s</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -76883,8 +76883,8 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>13-2 linux/
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * page.s</span>��������ײ�ҳ�쳣�������롣ʵ�ʹ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>memory.c</span>����ɡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * page.s</span>程序包含底层页异常处理代码。实际工作在<span
+lang=EN-US>memory.c</span>中完成。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -76892,7 +76892,7 @@ lang=EN-US>memory.c</span>����ɡ�</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
 .globl _page_fault&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>����Ϊȫ�ֱ���������<span lang=EN-US>traps.c</span>����������ҳ�쳣��������</p>
+# </span>声明为全局变量。将在<span lang=EN-US>traps.c</span>中用于设置页异常描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -76900,8 +76900,8 @@ lang=EN-US>memory.c</span>����ɡ�</p>
 _page_fault:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;xchgl %eax,(%esp)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ȡ�����뵽<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;xchgl %eax,(%esp)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>取出错码到<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pushl %ecx</span></p>
@@ -76919,7 +76919,7 @@ push %es</span></p>
 push %fs</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-movl $0x10,%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>���ں����ݶ�ѡ�����</p>
+movl $0x10,%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>置内核数据段选择符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 mov %dx,%ds</span></p>
@@ -76931,34 +76931,34 @@ mov %dx,%es</span></p>
 mov %dx,%fs</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-movl %cr2,%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>ȡ����ҳ���쳣�����Ե�ַ��</p>
+movl %cr2,%edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>取引起页面异常的线性地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-pushl %edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>�������Ե�ַ�ͳ�����ѹ��ջ�У���Ϊ�����ú����Ĳ�����</p>
+pushl %edx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>将该线性地址和出错码压入栈中，作为将调用函数的参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pushl %eax</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-testl $1,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����ҳ���ڱ�־<span
-lang=EN-US>P</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����������ȱҳ������쳣����ת��</p>
+testl $1,%eax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>测试页存在标志<span
+lang=EN-US>P</span>（位<span lang=EN-US>0</span>），如果不是缺页引起的异常则跳转。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jne 1f</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-call _do_no_page&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>����ȱҳ����������<span lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c,365</span>�У���</p>
+call _do_no_page&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;# </span>调用缺页处理函数（<span lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c,365</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 jmp 2f</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
-1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call _do_wp_page&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>����д��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c,247</span>�У���</p>
+1:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call _do_wp_page&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; # </span>调用写保护处理函数（<span
+lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c,247</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 2:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; addl $8,%esp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-# </span>����ѹ��ջ����������������ջ�мĴ������˳��жϡ�</p>
+# </span>丢弃压入栈的两个参数，弹出栈中寄存器并退出中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pop %fs</span></p>
@@ -76997,7 +76997,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448031"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447435"><span lang=EN-US>13.3 </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>13-3 linux/mm/swap.c</span></a></h2>
+黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>13-3 linux/mm/swap.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -77031,86 +77031,86 @@ Started 18.12.91</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������Ӧ�ð������󲿷�ִ���ڴ潻���Ĵ��루���ڴ浽���̻�֮����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>本程序应该包括绝大部分执行内存交换的代码（从内存到磁盘或反之）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>91</span>��<span lang=EN-US>12</span>��<span lang=EN-US>18</span>�տ�ʼ���ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>从<span
+lang=EN-US>91</span>年<span lang=EN-US>12</span>月<span lang=EN-US>18</span>日开始编制。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
-#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���ͷ�ļ���������һЩ�й��ڴ���ַ���������Ƕ�뺯����</p>
+#include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串头文件。定义了一些有关内存或字符串操作的嵌入函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/mm.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ����ͷ�ļ�������ҳ�泤�ȣ���һЩ�ڴ��������ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/mm.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存管理头文件。定义页面长度，和一些内存管理函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����ݣ�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序头文件。定义了任务结构<span lang=EN-US>task_struct</span>、任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的数据，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����һЩ�й��������������úͻ�ȡ��Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ������䡣</p>
+// </span>还有一些有关描述符参数设置和获取的嵌入式汇编函数宏语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/head.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // head</span>ͷ�ļ��������˶��������ļ򵥽ṹ���ͼ���ѡ���������</p>
+#include &lt;linux/head.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // head</span>头文件。定义了段描述符的简单结构，和几个选择符常量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�Ͷ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原型定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ÿ���ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>8</span>λ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ��<span lang=EN-US>4096</span>�ֽڣ�����<span lang=EN-US>32768</span>������λ����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������λ��Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ�ڴ棬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>每个字节<span lang=EN-US>8</span>位，因此<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>页（<span lang=EN-US>4096</span>字节）共有<span lang=EN-US>32768</span>个比特位。若<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个比特位对应<span lang=EN-US>1</span>页内存，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ɹ���<span
-lang=EN-US>32768</span>��ҳ�棬��Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>128MB</span>�ڴ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则最多可管理<span
+lang=EN-US>32768</span>个页面，对应<span lang=EN-US>128MB</span>内存容量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SWAP_BITS</span></u> (4096&lt;&lt;3)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����λ�����ꡣͨ��������ͬ��<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;op&quot;</span>���ɶ����ָ������λ���в��ԡ����û�������ֲ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>比特位操作宏。通过给定不同的<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;op&quot;</span>，可定义对指定比特位进行测试、设置或清除三种操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>��ָ�����Ե�ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>��ָ����ַ����ʼ�ı���λƫ��λ���ú�Ѹ�����ַ<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>是指定线性地址；<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>是指定地址处开始的比特位偏移位。该宏把给定地址<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>������λ��ֵ�����λ��־�����û�λ�ñ���λ�����ؽ�λ��־ֵ����ԭ����λֵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>个比特位的值放入进位标志，设置或复位该比特位并返回进位标志值（即原比特位值）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>25</span>���ϵ�һ��ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;op&quot;</span>�ַ��Ĳ�ͬ������γɲ�ͬ��ָ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>25</span>行上第一个指令随<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;op&quot;</span>字符的不同而组合形成不同的指令：</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>&quot;op&quot;=
-&quot;&quot;</span>ʱ������ָ��<span lang=EN-US>bt �C </span>��<span lang=EN-US>Bit
-Test</span>�����Բ���ԭֵ���ý�λλ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当<span lang=EN-US>&quot;op&quot;=
+&quot;&quot;</span>时，就是指令<span lang=EN-US>bt – </span>（<span lang=EN-US>Bit
+Test</span>）测试并用原值设置进位位。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>&quot;op&quot;=&quot;s&quot;</span>ʱ������ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>bts - </span>��<span lang=EN-US>Bit Test and Set</span>�����ñ���λֵ����ԭֵ���ý�λλ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当<span lang=EN-US>&quot;op&quot;=&quot;s&quot;</span>时，就是指令<span
+lang=EN-US>bts - </span>（<span lang=EN-US>Bit Test and Set</span>）设置比特位值并用原值设置进位位。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>&quot;op&quot;=&quot;r&quot;</span>ʱ������ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>btr - </span>��<span lang=EN-US>Bit Test and Reset</span>����λ����λֵ��ԭֵ���ý�λλ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当<span lang=EN-US>&quot;op&quot;=&quot;r&quot;</span>时，就是指令<span
+lang=EN-US>btr - </span>（<span lang=EN-US>Bit Test and Reset</span>）复位比特位值并原值设置进位位。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���룺<span lang=EN-US>%0
-�C </span>������ֵ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 -</span>λƫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>(nr)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 �C</span>��ַ<span lang=EN-US>(addr)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%3 �C </span>�Ӳ����Ĵ�����ֵ<span lang=EN-US>(0)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入：<span lang=EN-US>%0
+– </span>（返回值<span lang=EN-US>)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%1 -</span>位偏移<span
+lang=EN-US>(nr)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%2 –</span>基址<span lang=EN-US>(addr)</span>；<span
+lang=EN-US>%3 – </span>加操作寄存器初值<span lang=EN-US>(0)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ƕ������ѻ���ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>%2</span>���ͱ���ƫ��ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>%1</span>����ָ���ı���λֵ�ȱ��浽��λ��־<span
-lang=EN-US>CF</span>�У�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内嵌汇编代码把基地址（<span
+lang=EN-US>%2</span>）和比特偏移值（<span lang=EN-US>%1</span>）所指定的比特位值先保存到进位标志<span
+lang=EN-US>CF</span>中，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�����ã���λ���ñ���λ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>adcl</span>�Ǵ���λλ�ӣ����ڸ��ݽ�λλ<span lang=EN-US>CF</span>���ò�������<span
-lang=EN-US>%0</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后设置（复位）该比特位。指令<span
+lang=EN-US>adcl</span>是带进位位加，用于根据进位位<span lang=EN-US>CF</span>设置操作数（<span
+lang=EN-US>%0</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>CF
-= 1 </span>�򷵻ؼĴ���ֵ <span lang=EN-US>= 1</span>�����򷵻ؼĴ���ֵ <span lang=EN-US>= 0 </span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>CF
+= 1 </span>则返回寄存器值 <span lang=EN-US>= 1</span>，否则返回寄存器值 <span lang=EN-US>= 0 </span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>bitop</span></u>(name,op) \</span></p>
@@ -77140,20 +77140,20 @@ return __res; \</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ݲ�ͬ��<span
-lang=EN-US>op</span>�ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>����Ƕ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这里根据不同的<span
+lang=EN-US>op</span>字符定义<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个内嵌函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>bitop</span></u>(bit,<i>&quot;&quot;</i>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������Ƕ����<span lang=EN-US> bit(char * addr, unsigned int nr)</span>��</p>
+// </span>定义内嵌函数<span lang=EN-US> bit(char * addr, unsigned int nr)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>bitop</span></u>(setbit,<i>&quot;s&quot;</i>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������Ƕ����<span lang=EN-US> setbit(char * addr, unsigned int nr)</span>��</p>
+// </span>定义内嵌函数<span lang=EN-US> setbit(char * addr, unsigned int nr)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>bitop</span></u>(clrbit,<i>&quot;r&quot;</i>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������Ƕ����<span lang=EN-US> clrbit(char * addr, unsigned int nr)</span>��</p>
+// </span>定义内嵌函数<span lang=EN-US> clrbit(char * addr, unsigned int nr)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -77163,7 +77163,7 @@ style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>SWAP_DEV</span></u> = 0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ں˳�ʼ��ʱ���õĽ����豸�š�</p>
+// </span>内核初始化时设置的交换设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -77179,39 +77179,39 @@ We page all other pages.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ǴӲ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>task[0]</span>����ҳ�� <span lang=EN-US>�C </span>���������ں�ҳ�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>我们从不交换任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>（<span lang=EN-US>task[0]</span>）的页面 <span lang=EN-US>– </span>即不交换内核页面。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ֻ������ҳ����н���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>我们只对其他页面进行交换操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������ڴ�ҳ�档��������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ĩ�ˣ�<span lang=EN-US>64MB</span>������ʼ�������ڴ�ҳ�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个虚拟内存页面。即从任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>末端（<span lang=EN-US>64MB</span>）处开始的虚拟内存页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FIRST_VM_PAGE</span></u> (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>TASK_SIZE</span></u>&gt;&gt;12)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// = 64MB/4KB = 16384</span>��</p>
+// = 64MB/4KB = 16384</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>LAST_VM_PAGE</span></u> (1024*1024)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// = 4GB/4KB&nbsp; = 1048576</span>��</p>
+// = 4GB/4KB&nbsp; = 1048576</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VM_PAGES</span></u> (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>LAST_VM_PAGE</span></u> - <u><span style='color:blue'>FIRST_VM_PAGE</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// = 1032192</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʼ�ƣ���</p>
+// = 1032192</span>（从<span lang=EN-US>0</span>开始计）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ����ҳ�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>申请<span lang=EN-US>1</span>页交换页面。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ɨ����������ӳ��λͼ������Ӧλͼ������λ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���⣩������ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ĵ�һ������λ�ţ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扫描整个交换映射位图（除对应位图本身的位<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>以外），返回值为<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的第一个比特位号，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ŀǰ���еĽ���ҳ��š��������ɹ��򷵻ؽ���ҳ��ţ����򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即目前空闲的交换页面号。若操作成功则返回交换页面号，否则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 static int <u><span style='color:blue'>get_swap_page</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -77237,7 +77237,7 @@ if (clrbit(<u><span style='color:blue'>swap_bitmap</span></u>,nr))</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return nr;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ŀǰ���еĽ���ҳ��š�</p>
+// </span>返回目前空闲的交换页面号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
@@ -77246,14 +77246,14 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͷŽ����豸��ָ���Ľ���ҳ�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>释放交换设备中指定的交换页面。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڽ���λͼ������ָ��ҳ��Ŷ�Ӧ�ı���λ����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������ԭ���ñ���λ�͵���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ʾ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在交换位图中设置指定页面号对应的比特位（置<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>）。若原来该比特位就等于<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，则表示</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����豸��ԭ����ҳ���û�б�ռ�ã�����λͼ������������ʾ������Ϣ�����ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>交换设备中原来该页面就没有被占用，或者位图出错。于是显示出错信息并返回。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ������ҳ��š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数指定交换页面号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>swap_free</span></u>(int swap_nr)</span></p>
@@ -77287,11 +77287,11 @@ return;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ��ҳ�潻�����ڴ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把指定页面交换进内存中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ��ҳ����Ķ�Ӧҳ��ӽ����豸�ж��뵽��������ڴ�ҳ���С��޸Ľ���λͼ�ж�Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把指定页表项的对应页面从交换设备中读入到新申请的内存页面中。修改交换位图中对应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����λ����λ����ͬʱ�޸�ҳ�������ݣ�����ָ����ڴ�ҳ�棬��������Ӧ��־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>比特位（置位），同时修改页表项内容，让它指向该内存页面，并设置相应标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>swap_in</span></u>(unsigned long *table_ptr)</span></p>
@@ -77306,16 +77306,16 @@ unsigned long page;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ�齻��λͼ�Ͳ�����Ч�ԡ��������λͼ�����ڣ�����ָ��ҳ�����Ӧ��ҳ���Ѵ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检查交换位图和参数有效性。如果交换位图不存在，或者指定页表项对应的页面已存在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڴ��У����߽���ҳ���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US> 0</span>������ʾ������Ϣ���˳��������ѷŵ������豸��ȥ���ڴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于内存中，或者交换页面号为<span
+lang=EN-US> 0</span>，则显示警告信息并退出。对于已放到交换设备中去的内存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ�棬��Ӧҳ�����д�ŵ�Ӧ�ǽ���ҳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>*2</span>����<span lang=EN-US>(swap_nr &lt;&lt; 1)</span>���μ�����Գ��Խ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页面，相应页表项中存放的应是交换页面号<span
+lang=EN-US>*2</span>，即<span lang=EN-US>(swap_nr &lt;&lt; 1)</span>，参见下面对尝试交换函</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>try_to_swap_out()</span>�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>111</span>�е�˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数<span lang=EN-US>try_to_swap_out()</span>中第<span
+lang=EN-US>111</span>行的说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!<u><span style='color:blue'>swap_bitmap</span></u>) {</span></p>
@@ -77359,16 +77359,16 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ������һҳ�����ڴ沢�ӽ����豸�ж���ҳ���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>swap_nr</span>��ҳ�档�ڰ�ҳ�潻������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后申请一页物理内存并从交换设备中读入页面号为<span
+lang=EN-US>swap_nr</span>的页面。在把页面交换进来</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�󣬾Ͱѽ���λͼ�ж�Ӧ����λ��λ�������ԭ��������λ�ģ�˵���˴����ٴδӽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>后，就把交换位图中对应比特位置位。如果其原本就是置位的，说明此次是再次从交换设</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ж�����ͬ��ҳ�棬������ʾһ�¾�����Ϣ�������ҳ����ָ�������ҳ�棬������ҳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>备中读入相同的页面，于是显示一下警告信息。最后让页表项指向该物理页面，并设置页</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����޸ġ��û��ɶ�д�ʹ��ڱ�־��<span
-lang=EN-US>Dirty</span>��<span lang=EN-US>U/S</span>��<span lang=EN-US>R/W</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>P</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>面已修改、用户可读写和存在标志（<span
+lang=EN-US>Dirty</span>、<span lang=EN-US>U/S</span>、<span lang=EN-US>R/W</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>P</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(page = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_free_page</span></u>()))</span></p>
@@ -77378,7 +77378,7 @@ if (!(page = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_free_page</span></u>()))</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>read_swap_page</span></u>(swap_nr, (char *) page);&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/mm.h</span>�ж��塣</p>
+// </span>在<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/mm.h</span>中定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (setbit(<u><span style='color:blue'>swap_bitmap</span></u>,swap_nr))</span></p>
@@ -77394,17 +77394,17 @@ from same page\n\r&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���԰�ҳ�潻����ȥ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>尝试把页面交换出去。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҳ��û�б��޸Ĺ����ñ����ڽ����豸�У���Ϊ��Ӧҳ�滹������ֱ�Ӵ���Ӧӳ���ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若页面没有被修改过则不用保存在交换设备中，因为对应页面还可以再直接从相应映像文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж��롣���ǿ���ֱ���ͷŵ���Ӧ����ҳ�����¡����������һ������ҳ��ţ�Ȼ���ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中读入。于是可以直接释放掉相应物理页面了事。否则就申请一个交换页面号，然后把页面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ȥ����ʱ����ҳ���Ҫ�����ڶ�Ӧҳ�����У���������Ҫ����ҳ�������λ<span
-lang=EN-US>P = 0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>交换出去。此时交换页面号要保存在对应页表项中，并且仍需要保持页表项存在位<span
+lang=EN-US>P = 0</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ҳ����ָ�롣ҳ�潻�����ͷųɹ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数是页表项指针。页面交换或释放成功返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，否则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>try_to_swap_out</span></u>(unsigned long *
@@ -77420,10 +77420,10 @@ unsigned long swap_nr;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϲ�������Ч�ԡ�����Ҫ������ȥ���ڴ�ҳ�沢�����ڣ������Ч�����򼴿��˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先判断参数的有效性。若需要交换出去的内存页面并不存在（或称无效），则即可退出。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҳ����ָ��������ҳ���ַ���ڷ�ҳ�������ڴ�߶�<span
-lang=EN-US>PAGING_MEMORY</span>��<span lang=EN-US>15MB</span>����Ҳ�˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若页表项指定的物理页面地址大于分页管理的内存高端<span
+lang=EN-US>PAGING_MEMORY</span>（<span lang=EN-US>15MB</span>），也退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; page = *table_ptr;</span></p>
@@ -77444,12 +77444,12 @@ style='color:blue'>LOW_MEM</span></u> &gt; <u><span style='color:blue'>PAGING_ME
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڴ�ҳ���ѱ��޸Ĺ������Ǹ�ҳ���Ǳ������ģ���ôΪ���������Ч�ʣ�����ҳ�治��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若内存页面已被修改过，但是该页面是被共享的，那么为了提高运行效率，此类页面不宜</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ȥ������ֱ���˳�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����������һ����ҳ��ţ�������������ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>被交换出去，于是直接退出，函数返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。否则就申请一交换页面号，并把它保存在页表</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���У�Ȼ���ҳ�潻����ȥ���ͷŶ�Ӧ�����ڴ�ҳ�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>项中，然后把页面交换出去并释放对应物理内存页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (<u><span
@@ -77458,7 +77458,7 @@ style='color:blue'>PAGE_DIRTY</span></u> &amp; page) {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 page &amp;= 0xfffff000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ����ҳ���ַ��</p>
+// </span>取物理页面地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>107</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -77472,28 +77472,28 @@ return 0;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>109</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (!(swap_nr = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_swap_page</span></u>()))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���뽻��ҳ��š�</p>
+// </span>申请交换页面号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return 0;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ҫ�������豸�е�ҳ�棬��Ӧҳ�����н���ŵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(swap_nr &lt;&lt; 1)</span>�� ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于要到交换设备中的页面，相应页表项中将存放的是<span
+lang=EN-US>(swap_nr &lt;&lt; 1)</span>。 乘<span lang=EN-US>2</span>（左移<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>位）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ�˿ճ�ԭ��ҳ����Ĵ���λ��<span
-lang=EN-US>P</span>����ֻ�д���λ<span lang=EN-US>P=0</span>����ҳ�������ݲ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ҳ��Ż�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是为了空出原来页表项的存在位（<span
+lang=EN-US>P</span>）。只有存在位<span lang=EN-US>P=0</span>并且页表项内容不为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的页面才会</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڽ����豸�С�<span
-lang=EN-US> Intel</span>�ֲ�����ȷָ������һ������Ĵ���λ<span lang=EN-US> P = 0</span>ʱ����Чҳ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在交换设备中。<span
+lang=EN-US> Intel</span>手册中明确指出，当一个表项的存在位<span lang=EN-US> P = 0</span>时（无效页表项），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������λ��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>31��1</span>���ɹ�����ʹ�á�����д����ҳ����<span lang=EN-US>write_swap_page(nr,
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>所有其他位（位<span
+lang=EN-US>31—1</span>）可供随意使用。下面写交换页函数<span lang=EN-US>write_swap_page(nr,
 buffer)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>ll_rw_page(WRITE,SWAP_DEV,(nr),(buffer))</span>���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>linux/mm.h </span>�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>12</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>被定义为<span lang=EN-US>ll_rw_page(WRITE,SWAP_DEV,(nr),(buffer))</span>。参见<span
+lang=EN-US>linux/mm.h </span>文件第<span lang=EN-US>12</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>111</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -77503,7 +77503,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>invalidate</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>ˢ��<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>ҳ�任���ٻ��塣</p>
+</span>刷新<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>页变换高速缓冲。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -77520,7 +77520,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ҳ��û���޸Ĺ�����ô�Ͳ��ý�����ȥ����ֱ���ͷż��ɡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则表明页面没有修改过。那么就不用交换出去，而直接释放即可。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *table_ptr = 0;</span></p>
@@ -77561,22 +77561,22 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>�������������һ���ǳ����ӵ��߼�
-<span lang=EN-US>�C </span>���ڲ����߼��Ժò����ٶȿ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * OK</span>，这个函数中有一个非常复杂的逻辑
+<span lang=EN-US>– </span>用于产生逻辑性好并且速度快的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����롣������ǲ��Դ˲��ĵĻ�����ô������ܸ�����Щ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>机器码。如果我们不对此操心的话，那么事情可能更容易些。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڴ�ҳ��ŵ������豸�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把内存页面放到交换设备中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ե�ַ<span lang=EN-US>64MB</span>��Ӧ��Ŀ¼�<span
-lang=EN-US>FIRST_VM_PAGE&gt;&gt;10</span>����ʼ����������<span lang=EN-US>4GB</span>���Կռ䣬����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从线性地址<span lang=EN-US>64MB</span>对应的目录项（<span
+lang=EN-US>FIRST_VM_PAGE&gt;&gt;10</span>）开始，搜索整个<span lang=EN-US>4GB</span>线性空间，对有</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ЧҳĿ¼����ҳ����ҳ����ָ���������ڴ�ҳ��ִ�н����������豸��ȥ�ĳ��ԡ�һ���ɹ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>效页目录二级页表的页表项指定的物理内存页面执行交换到交换设备中去的尝试。一旦成功</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ػ���һ��ҳ�棬�ͷ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���ú�������<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>�б����á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>地换出一个页面，就返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。否则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。该函数会在<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>中被调用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>128</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>swap_out</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -77587,7 +77587,7 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; static int <u><span
 style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u> = <u><span style='color:blue'>FIRST_VM_PAGE</span></u>&gt;&gt;10;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ŀ¼��������</p>
+// </span>即任务<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个目录项索引。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>131</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; static int page_entry
@@ -77603,13 +77603,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int pg_table;</span>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ҳĿ¼�������Ҷ���ҳ�����ڵ�ҳĿ¼��<span
-lang=EN-US>pg_table</span>���ҵ����˳�ѭ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先搜索页目录表，查找二级页表存在的页目录项<span
+lang=EN-US>pg_table</span>。找到则退出循环，否则调整</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳĿ¼������Ӧʣ�����ҳ������<span
-lang=EN-US>counter</span>��Ȼ����������һҳĿ¼� ��ȫ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页目录项数对应剩余二级页表项数<span
+lang=EN-US>counter</span>，然后继续检测下一页目录项。 若全部搜索完</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��û���ҵ��ʺϵģ����ڵģ�ҳĿ¼������¼���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>还没有找到适合的（存在的）页目录项，就重新继续搜索。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>135</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while
@@ -77618,7 +77618,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>136</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;pg_table
 = <u><span style='color:blue'>pg_dir</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u>];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ҳĿ¼�����ݡ�</p>
+// </span>页目录项内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -77631,12 +77631,12 @@ break;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 counter -= 1024;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 1</span>��ҳ����Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>��ҳ֡��</p>
+// 1</span>个页表对应<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>个页帧。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u>++;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��һĿ¼�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>下一目录项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -77649,19 +77649,19 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ�õ�ǰĿ¼���ҳ��ָ�����Ը�ҳ���е�����<span
-lang=EN-US> 1024 </span>��ҳ�棬��һ���ý�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在取得当前目录项的页表指针后，针对该页表中的所有<span
+lang=EN-US> 1024 </span>个页面，逐一调用交换函数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // try_to_swap_out()</span>���Խ�����ȥ��һ��ĳ��ҳ��ɹ������������豸�оͷ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // try_to_swap_out()</span>尝试交换出去。一旦某个页面成功交换到交换设备中就返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。若对所</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ŀ¼�������ҳ�����ѳ���ʧ�ܣ�����ʾ�������ڴ����ꡱ�ľ��棬������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有目录项的所有页表都已尝试失败，则显示“交换内存用完”的警告，并返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>144</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pg_table &amp;=
 0xfffff000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ҳ��ָ�루��ַ����</p>
+// </span>页表指针（地址）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>145</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (counter--
@@ -77670,14 +77670,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; while (counter--
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>146</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 page_entry++;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ҳ������������ʼΪ<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>����</p>
+// </span>页表项索引（初始为<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ѿ����Դ����굱ǰҳ�������û���ܹ��ɹ��ؽ�����һ��ҳ�棬����ʱҳ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果已经尝试处理完当前页表所有项还没有能够成功地交换出一个页面，即此时页表项索引</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>���ڵ���<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>������ͬǰ���<span
-lang=EN-US>135 �C 143</span>��ִ����ͬ�Ĵ�����ѡ��һ������ҳ�����ڵ�ҳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>大于等于<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>，则如同前面第<span
+lang=EN-US>135 – 143</span>行执行相同的处理来选出一个二级页表存在的页</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ¼���ȡ����Ӧ����ҳ��ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目录项，并取得相应二级页表指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -77707,7 +77707,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 pg_table = <u><span style='color:blue'>pg_dir</span></u>[<u><span
-style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u>];&nbsp; // </span>ҳĿ¼�����ݡ�</p>
+style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u>];&nbsp; // </span>页目录项内容。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -77731,7 +77731,7 @@ break;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-pg_table &amp;= 0xfffff000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ��ָ�롣</p>
+pg_table &amp;= 0xfffff000;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页表指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -77777,51 +77777,51 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ȡ�׸�<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>ʵ���������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>:-)</span>����ҳ�棬�����Ϊ��ʹ�á����û�п���ҳ�棬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>获取首个<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>实际上是最后<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个<span lang=EN-US>:-)</span>空闲页面，并标记为已使用。如果没有空闲页面，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ͷ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>就返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ڴ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ��������ҳ�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>在主内存区中申请<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>页空闲物理页面。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ѿ�û�п��������ڴ�ҳ�棬�����ִ�н���������Ȼ���ٴ�����ҳ�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果已经没有可用物理内存页面，则调用执行交换处理。然后再次申请页面。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���룺<span lang=EN-US>%1(ax=0)
-- 0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2(LOW_MEM)</span>�ڴ��ֽ�λͼ��������ʼλ�ã�<span lang=EN-US>%3(cx=
-PAGING_PAGES)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入：<span lang=EN-US>%1(ax=0)
+- 0</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%2(LOW_MEM)</span>内存字节位图管理的起始位置；<span lang=EN-US>%3(cx=
+PAGING_PAGES)</span>；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %4(edi=mem_map+PAGING_PAGES-1)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %4(edi=mem_map+PAGING_PAGES-1)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������<span lang=EN-US>%0</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>ax = </span>����ҳ����ʼ��ַ��������������ҳ���������ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输出：返回<span lang=EN-US>%0</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>ax = </span>物理页面起始地址）。函数返回新页面的物理地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>%4</span>�Ĵ���ʵ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>mem_map[]</span>�ڴ��ֽ�λͼ�����һ���ֽڡ���������λͼĩ�˿�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>上面<span lang=EN-US>%4</span>寄存器实际指向<span
+lang=EN-US>mem_map[]</span>内存字节位图的最后一个字节。本函数从位图末端开始向</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ǰɨ������ҳ���־��ҳ������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>PAGING_PAGES</span>��������ҳ����У��ڴ�λͼ�ֽ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>前扫描所有页面标志（页面总数为<span
+lang=EN-US>PAGING_PAGES</span>），若有页面空闲（内存位图字节为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）则</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ҳ���ַ��ע�⣡������ֻ��ָ�������ڴ�����һҳ��������ҳ�棬����û��ӳ�䵽ĳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回页面地址。注意！本函数只是指出在主内存区的一页空闲物理页面，但并没有映射到某</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����̵ĵ�ַ�ռ���ȥ������� <span
-lang=EN-US>put_page() </span>���������ڰ�ָ��ҳ��ӳ�䵽ĳ�����̵ĵ�ַ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个进程的地址空间中去。后面的 <span
+lang=EN-US>put_page() </span>函数即用于把指定页面映射到某个进程的地址</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ռ��С���Ȼ�����ں�ʹ�ñ�����������Ҫ��ʹ��
-<span lang=EN-US>put_page() </span>����ӳ�䣬��Ϊ�ں˴����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>空间中。当然对于内核使用本函数并不需要再使用
+<span lang=EN-US>put_page() </span>进行映射，因为内核代码和</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݿռ䣨<span lang=EN-US>16MB</span>���Ѿ��Եȵ�ӳ�䵽������ַ�ռ䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数据空间（<span lang=EN-US>16MB</span>）已经对等地映射到物理地址空间。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>65</span>�ж�����һ���ֲ��Ĵ����������ñ�������������
-<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>�Ĵ����У��Ա��ڸ�Ч���ʺ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>65</span>行定义了一个局部寄存器变量。该变量将被保存在
+<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>寄存器中，以便于高效访问和</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ֶ�������ķ�����Ҫ������Ƕ�������С���ϸ˵���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>gcc</span>�ֲᡰ��ָ���Ĵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>操作。这种定义变量的方法主要用于内嵌汇编程序中。详细说明参见<span
+lang=EN-US>gcc</span>手册“在指定寄存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���еı�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>器中的变量”。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>172</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>get_free_page</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -77835,65 +77835,65 @@ lang=EN-US> register unsigned long __res asm(<i>&quot;ax&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ڴ�ӳ���ֽ�λͼ�в���ֵΪ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���ֽ��Ȼ��Ѷ�Ӧ�����ڴ�ҳ�����㡣����õ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先在内存映射字节位图中查找值为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的字节项，然后把对应物理内存页面清零。如果得到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҳ���ַ����ʵ�������ڴ�����������Ѱ�ҡ����û���ҵ�����ҳ����ȥ����ִ�н�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的页面地址大于实际物理内存容量则重新寻找。如果没有找到空闲页面则去调用执行交换处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������²��ҡ���󷵻ؿ�������ҳ���ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>理，并重新查找。最后返回空闲物理页面地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> repeat:</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>177</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;std ; repne ; scasb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�÷���λ��<span lang=EN-US>al(0)</span>���Ӧÿ��ҳ���<span lang=EN-US>(di)</span>���ݱȽϣ�</p>
+// </span>置方向位，<span lang=EN-US>al(0)</span>与对应每个页面的<span lang=EN-US>(di)</span>内容比较，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>178</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jne
 1f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���û�е���<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���ֽڣ�����ת����������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����</p>
+// </span>如果没有等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的字节，则跳转结束（返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>179</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movb
 $1,1(%%edi)\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 1
-=&gt;[1+edi], </span>����Ӧҳ���ڴ�ӳ�����λ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+=&gt;[1+edi], </span>将对应页面内存映像比特位置<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>180</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;sall
 $12,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ҳ����<span lang=EN-US>*4K = </span>���ҳ����ʼ��ַ��</p>
+// </span>页面数<span lang=EN-US>*4K = </span>相对页面起始地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>181</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;addl
 %2,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ټ��ϵͶ��ڴ��ַ����ҳ��ʵ��������ʼ��ַ��</p>
+// </span>再加上低端内存地址，得页面实际物理起始地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
-%%ecx,%%edx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҳ��ʵ����ʼ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>edx</span>�Ĵ�����</p>
+%%ecx,%%edx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将页面实际起始地址<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>edx</span>寄存器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>183</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
-$1024,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ecx</span>�ü���ֵ<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>��</p>
+$1024,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>ecx</span>置计数值<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>184</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;leal
-4092(%%edx),%%edi\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>4092+edx</span>��λ��<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>edi</span>����ҳ���ĩ�ˣ���</p>
+4092(%%edx),%%edi\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp; // </span>将<span lang=EN-US>4092+edx</span>的位置<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>edi</span>（该页面的末端）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>185</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;rep ;
 stosl\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>��ָ�ڴ����㣨�����򣬼�����ҳ�����㣩��</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>所指内存清零（反方向，即将该页面清零）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>186</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
 %%edx,%%eax\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ҳ����ʼ��ַ<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>������ֵ����</p>
+// </span>将页面起始地址<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>（返回值）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>187</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;1:&quot;</i></span></p>
@@ -77916,7 +77916,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;di&quot;</
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>192</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (__res &gt;= <u><span
-style='color:blue'>HIGH_MEMORY</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ���ַ����ʵ���ڴ�����������Ѱ�ҡ�</p>
+style='color:blue'>HIGH_MEMORY</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页面地址大于实际内存容量则重新寻找。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -77925,7 +77925,7 @@ goto repeat;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!__res
 &amp;&amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>swap_out</span></u>())&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��û�õ�����ҳ����ִ�н��������������²��ҡ�</p>
+// </span>若没得到空闲页面则执行交换处理，并重新查找。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>195</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -77933,7 +77933,7 @@ goto repeat;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>196</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return __res;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ؿ�������ҳ���ַ��</p>
+// </span>返回空闲物理页面地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>197</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -77941,7 +77941,7 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>198</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ潻����ʼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存交换初始化。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>199</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>init_swapping</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -77949,15 +77949,15 @@ lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>init_swapping</span></u>(void)</spa
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>200</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // blk_size[]</span>ָ��ָ�����豸�ŵĿ��豸�������顣�ÿ�������ÿһ���Ӧһ�����豸����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // blk_size[]</span>指向指定主设备号的块设备块数数组。该块数数组每一项对应一个子设备上所</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ӵ�е����ݿ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���С<span lang=EN-US>=1KB</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>拥有的数据块总数（<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>块大小<span lang=EN-US>=1KB</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>201</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; extern int *<u><span
 style='color:blue'>blk_size</span></u>[];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// blk_drv/ll_rw_blk.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>49</span>�С�</p>
+// blk_drv/ll_rw_blk.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>49</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>202</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int swap_size,i,j;</span></p>
@@ -77965,7 +77965,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; int swap_size,i,j;</
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>203</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���û�ж��彻���豸�򷵻ء���������豸û�����ÿ������飬����ʾ��Ϣ�����ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果没有定义交换设备则返回。如果交换设备没有设置块数数组，则显示信息并返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!<u><span
@@ -77992,11 +77992,11 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>209</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡָ�������豸�ŵĽ��������ݿ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>swap_size</span>����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�򷵻أ����ܿ���С��<span
-lang=EN-US>100</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取指定交换设备号的交换区数据块总数<span
+lang=EN-US>swap_size</span>。若为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>则返回，若总块数小于<span
+lang=EN-US>100</span>块</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʾ��Ϣ�������豸��̫С����Ȼ���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则显示信息“交换设备区太小”，然后退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>210</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; swap_size = <u><span
@@ -78027,14 +78027,14 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>216</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ݿ�����ת���ɶ�Ӧ�ɽ���ҳ����������ֵ���ܴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>SWAP_BITS</span>���ܱ�ʾ��ҳ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>交换数据块总数转换成对应可交换页面总数。该值不能大于<span
+lang=EN-US>SWAP_BITS</span>所能表示的页面数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ҳ���������ô���<span
-lang=EN-US> 32768</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>Ȼ������һҳ�����ڴ�������Ž���ҳ��λӳ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>即交换页面总数不得大于<span
+lang=EN-US> 32768</span>。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>然后申请一页物理内存用来存放交换页面位映射数组</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // swap_bitmap</span>������ÿ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���ش���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ����ҳ�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // swap_bitmap</span>，其中每<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>比特代表<span lang=EN-US>1</span>页交换页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>217</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; swap_size &gt;&gt;=
@@ -78069,18 +78069,18 @@ return;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>224</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // read_swap_page(nr, buffer)</span>������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>ll_rw_page(READ,SWAP_DEV,(nr),(buffer))</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // read_swap_page(nr, buffer)</span>被定义为<span
+lang=EN-US>ll_rw_page(READ,SWAP_DEV,(nr),(buffer))</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�μ�<span lang=EN-US>linux/mm.h</span>�ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>11</span>�С�����ѽ����豸�ϵ�ҳ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����<span lang=EN-US>swap_bitmap</span>ҳ���С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参见<span lang=EN-US>linux/mm.h</span>文件第<span
+lang=EN-US>11</span>行。这里把交换设备上的页面<span lang=EN-US>0</span>读到<span lang=EN-US>swap_bitmap</span>页面中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҳ���ǽ���������ҳ�档���е�<span
-lang=EN-US>4086</span>�ֽڿ�ʼ������<span lang=EN-US>10</span>���ַ��Ľ����豸������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该页面是交换区管理页面。其中第<span
+lang=EN-US>4086</span>字节开始处含有<span lang=EN-US>10</span>个字符的交换设备特征字</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>SWAP-SPACE</span>������û���ҵ��������ַ�������˵������һ����Ч�Ľ����豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符串“<span lang=EN-US>SWAP-SPACE</span>”。若没有找到该特征字符串，则说明不是一个有效的交换设备。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʾ��Ϣ���ͷŸ����������ҳ�沢�˳����������������ַ����ֽ����㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于是显示信息，释放刚申请的物理页面并退出函数。否则将特征字符串字节清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>225</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -78117,17 +78117,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>memset</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>swap_bitmap</span></u>+4086,0,10);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�������Ľ���λӳ��ͼ��Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>32768</span>������λȫΪ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����λͼ������λ�ı���λ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后检查读入的交换位映射图。应该<span
+lang=EN-US>32768</span>个比特位全为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，若位图中有置位的比特位<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ʾλͼ�����⣬������ʾ������Ϣ���ͷ�λͼռ�õ�ҳ�沢�˳�������Ϊ�˼ӿ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则表示位图有问题，于是显示出错信息、释放位图占用的页面并退出函数。为了加快检查</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ٶȣ��������Ƚ���ѡ�鿴λͼ��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����һ������ҳ���Ӧ�ı���λ����<span lang=EN-US>swap_size</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>速度，这里首先仅挑选查看位图中位<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>和最后一个交换页面对应的比特位，即<span lang=EN-US>swap_size</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ҳ���Ӧ�ı���λ���Լ����<span
-lang=EN-US>SWAP_BITS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>32768</span>������λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>交换页面对应的比特位，以及随后到<span
+lang=EN-US>SWAP_BITS</span>（<span lang=EN-US>32768</span>）比特位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>233</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i = 0 ; i &lt;
@@ -78171,13 +78171,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>242</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ������ϸ�ؼ��λ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��λ<span lang=EN-US>swap_size</span>���б���λ�Ƿ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����в���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�ı���λ���ڣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后再仔细地检测位<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>到位<span lang=EN-US>swap_size</span>所有比特位是否为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。若有不是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>的比特位存在，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ʾλͼ�����⣬�����ͷ�λͼռ�õ�ҳ�沢�˳�������������ʾ�����豸��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则表示位图有问题，于是释放位图占用的页面并退出函数。否则显示交换设备工作正常</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Լ�����ҳ�����ͽ����ռ����ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以及交换页面数和交换空间总字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>243</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; j = 0;</span></p>
@@ -78239,12 +78239,12 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<h1><a name="_Toc493448032"></a><a name="_Toc493447436"><span lang=EN-US>��14�� </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ں˰�������</span></a></h1>
+<h1><a name="_Toc493448032"></a><a name="_Toc493447436"><span lang=EN-US>第14章 </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>内核包含程序</span></a></h1>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448033"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447437"></a><a name="_Toc53320655"><span lang=EN-US>14.1 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-1 linux/include/a.out.h</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-1 linux/include/a.out.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -78265,42 +78265,42 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-1 linux/
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>6--108</span>���Ǹ��ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���֡�����Ŀ���ļ�ִ�нṹ�Լ���ز����ĺ궨�塣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>6--108</span>行是该文件第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>部分。定义目标文件执行结构以及相关操作的宏定义。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ���ļ�ͷ�ṹ���μ���������ϸ˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目标文件头结构。参见程序后的详细说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // =============================</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned long
-a_magic&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ���ļ�ħ����ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>N_MAGIC</span>�Ⱥ���ʡ�</p>
+a_magic&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行文件魔数。使用<span
+lang=EN-US>N_MAGIC</span>等宏访问。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned
 a_text&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���볤�ȣ��ֽ�����</p>
+// </span>代码长度，字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned
 a_data&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ݳ��ȣ��ֽ�����</p>
+// </span>数据长度，字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned
 a_bss&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�ļ��е�δ��ʼ�����������ȣ��ֽ�����</p>
+</span>文件中的未初始化数据区长度，字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned
 a_syms&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ��еķ��ű����ȣ��ֽ�����</p>
+// </span>文件中的符号表长度，字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned
 a_entry&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ִ�п�ʼ��ַ��</p>
+// </span>执行开始地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned
-a_trsize&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ض�λ��Ϣ���ȣ��ֽ�����</p>
+a_trsize&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>代码重定位信息长度，字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned
-a_drsize&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ض�λ��Ϣ���ȣ��ֽ�����</p>
+a_drsize&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数据重定位信息长度，字节数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // -----------------------------</span></p>
 
@@ -78349,7 +78349,7 @@ length of relocation info for data, in bytes */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȡ����<span lang=EN-US>exec</span>�ṹ�е�ħ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用于取上述<span lang=EN-US>exec</span>结构中的魔数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 #ifndef <u><span style='color:blue'>N_MAGIC</span></u></span></p>
@@ -78369,23 +78369,23 @@ style='color:blue'>exec</span></u>) ((<u><span style='color:blue'>exec</span></u
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u> <b><i>/*
 Code indicating object file or impure executable.&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ָ��ΪĿ���ļ����߲����Ŀ�ִ���ļ��Ĵ���<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>指明为目标文件或者不纯的可执行文件的代号<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʷ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>PDP-11</span>������ϣ�ħ�����������ǰ˽�����<span lang=EN-US>0407</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0x107</span>������λ��ִ�г���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>历史上最早在<span
+lang=EN-US>PDP-11</span>计算机上，魔数（幻数）是八进制数<span lang=EN-US>0407</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>0x107</span>）。它位于执行程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͷ�ṹ�Ŀ�ʼ����ԭ����<span
-lang=EN-US>PDP-11</span>��һ����תָ���ʾ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>7</span>���ֺ�Ĵ��뿪ʼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>头结构的开始处。原本是<span
+lang=EN-US>PDP-11</span>的一条跳转指令，表示跳转到随后<span lang=EN-US>7</span>个字后的代码开始处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������س���<span
-lang=EN-US>loader</span>���Ϳ����ڰ�ִ���ļ������ڴ��ֱ����ת��ָ�ʼ�����С� ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这样加载程序（<span
+lang=EN-US>loader</span>）就可以在把执行文件放入内存后直接跳转到指令开始处运行。 现在</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��û�г���ʹ�����ַ�����������˽�����ȴ��Ϊʶ���ļ����͵ı�־��ħ����������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>已没有程序使用这种方法，但这个八进制数却作为识别文件类型的标志（魔数）保留了下来。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // OMAGIC</span>������Ϊ��<span
-lang=EN-US>Old Magic </span>����˼��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // OMAGIC</span>可以认为是<span
+lang=EN-US>Old Magic </span>的意思。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>OMAGIC</span></u> 0407</span></p>
@@ -78393,9 +78393,9 @@ lang=EN-US>Old Magic </span>����˼��</p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u> <b><i>/*
 Code indicating pure executable.&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ָ��Ϊ����ִ���ļ��Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US> */&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // New Magic</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1975</span>���Ժ�ʼʹ�á��漰�����ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>指明为纯可执行文件的代号<span
+lang=EN-US> */&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // New Magic</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>1975</span>年以后开始使用。涉及虚存机制。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NMAGIC</span></u> 0410 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
@@ -78404,8 +78404,8 @@ lang=EN-US>1975</span>���Ժ�ʼʹ�á��漰�����ơ�</p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u> <b><i>/*
 Code indicating demand-paged executable.&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ָ��Ϊ�����ҳ�����Ŀ�ִ���ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US> */ // </span>��ͷ�ṹռ���ļ���ʼ��<span lang=EN-US>1K</span>�ռ䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>指明为需求分页处理的可执行文件<span
+lang=EN-US> */ // </span>其头结构占用文件开始处<span lang=EN-US>1K</span>空间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ZMAGIC</span></u>
@@ -78415,10 +78415,10 @@ lang=EN-US> */ // </span>��ͷ�ṹռ���ļ���ʼ��<span lang=
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 #endif <b><i>/* not OMAGIC */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u> // </span>���⻹��һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>QMAGIC</span>����Ϊ�˽�Լ����������������ִ���ļ���ͷ�ṹ�������մ�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u> // </span>另外还有一个<span
+lang=EN-US>QMAGIC</span>，是为了节约磁盘容量，把盘上执行文件的头结构与代码紧凑存放。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ж�ħ���ֶε���ȷ�ԡ����ħ�����ܱ�ʶ���򷵻��档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面宏用于判断魔数字段的正确性。如果魔数不能被识别，则返回真。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 #ifndef <u><span style='color:blue'>N_BADMAG</span></u></span></p>
@@ -78462,8 +78462,8 @@ style='color:blue'>x</span></u>) != <u><span style='color:blue'>ZMAGIC</span></u
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ŀ���ļ�ͷ�ṹĩ�˵�<span
-lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽ�֮��ĳ��ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>目标文件头结构末端到<span
+lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节之间的长度。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_N_HDROFF</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -78472,20 +78472,20 @@ style='color:blue'>x</span></u>) (<u><span style='color:blue'>SEGMENT_SIZE</span
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ڲ���Ŀ���ļ������ݣ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>.o</span>ģ���ļ��Ϳ�ִ���ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面宏用于操作目标文件的内容，包括<span
+lang=EN-US>.o</span>模块文件和可执行文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���벿����ʼƫ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>代码部分起始偏移值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ļ��� <span
-lang=EN-US>ZMAGIC</span>���͵ģ�����ִ���ļ�����ô���벿���Ǵ�ִ���ļ���<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽ�ƫ�ƴ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果文件是 <span
+lang=EN-US>ZMAGIC</span>类型的，即是执行文件，那么代码部分是从执行文件的<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节偏移处</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ������ִ�д��벿�ֽ���ִ��ͷ�ṹĩ�ˣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽڣ���ʼ�����ļ���ģ���ļ���<span lang=EN-US>OMAGIC</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>开始；否则执行代码部分紧随执行头结构末端（<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>字节）开始，即文件是模块文件（<span lang=EN-US>OMAGIC</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ͣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>类型）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 #ifndef <u><span style='color:blue'>N_TXTOFF</span></u></span></p>
@@ -78505,7 +78505,7 @@ style='color:blue'>x</span></u>)) + sizeof (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>e
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݲ�����ʼƫ��ֵ���Ӵ��벿��ĩ�˿�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数据部分起始偏移值。从代码部分末端开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 #ifndef <u><span style='color:blue'>N_DATOFF</span></u></span></p>
@@ -78520,7 +78520,7 @@ style='color:blue'>x</span></u>) + (<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>).a_
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ض�λ��Ϣƫ��ֵ�������ݲ���ĩ�˿�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>代码重定位信息偏移值。从数据部分末端开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 #ifndef <u><span style='color:blue'>N_TRELOFF</span></u></span></p>
@@ -78535,7 +78535,7 @@ style='color:blue'>x</span></u>) + (<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>).a_
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ض�λ��Ϣƫ��ֵ���Ӵ����ض�λ��Ϣĩ�˿�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数据重定位信息偏移值。从代码重定位信息末端开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>
 #ifndef <u><span style='color:blue'>N_DRELOFF</span></u></span></p>
@@ -78550,7 +78550,7 @@ style='color:blue'>x</span></u>) + (<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>).a_
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ű�ƫ��ֵ�����������ݶ��ض�λ��ĩ�˿�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符号表偏移值。从上面数据段重定位表末端开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>
 #ifndef <u><span style='color:blue'>N_SYMOFF</span></u></span></p>
@@ -78565,7 +78565,7 @@ style='color:blue'>x</span></u>) + (<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>).a_
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ�����Ϣƫ��ֵ���ڷ��ű�֮��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串信息偏移值。在符号表之后。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>
 #ifndef <u><span style='color:blue'>N_STROFF</span></u></span></p>
@@ -78580,12 +78580,12 @@ style='color:blue'>x</span></u>) + (<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>).a_
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Կ�ִ���ļ������ص��ڴ棨�߼��ռ䣩�е�λ��������в�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面对可执行文件被加载到内存（逻辑空间）中的位置情况进行操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u> <b><i>/*
 Address of text segment in memory after it is loaded.&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����μ��غ����ڴ��еĵ�ַ<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>代码段加载后在内存中的地址<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>
@@ -78594,7 +78594,7 @@ lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>N_TXTADDR</span></u>(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>x</span></u>) 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ɼ�������δӵ�ַ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʼִ�С�</p>
+// </span>可见，代码段从地址<span lang=EN-US>0</span>开始执行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>
 #endif</span></p>
@@ -78610,11 +78610,11 @@ that it is up to you to define SEGMENT_SIZE</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on
 machines not listed here.&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���ݶμ��غ����ڴ��еĵ�ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>数据段加载后在内存中的地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>ע�⣬��������û���г����ƵĻ�������Ҫ���Լ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>注意，对于下面没有列出名称的机器，需要你自己来定义</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��Ӧ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>对应的<span
 lang=EN-US>SEGMENT_SIZE */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u> #if
@@ -78671,8 +78671,8 @@ style='color:blue'>PAGE_SIZE</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>Linux
-0.12</span>�ں˰��ڴ�ҳ����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>4KB</span>���δ�С����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1KB</span>�����û��ʹ������Ķ��塣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这里，<span lang=EN-US>Linux
+0.12</span>内核把内存页定义为<span lang=EN-US>4KB</span>，段大小定义为<span lang=EN-US>1KB</span>。因此没有使用上面的定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PAGE_SIZE</span></u> 4096</span></p>
@@ -78682,7 +78682,7 @@ style='color:blue'>PAGE_SIZE</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Զ�Ϊ��Ĵ�С����λ��ʽ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以段为界的大小（进位方式）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_N_SEGMENT_ROUND</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -78692,7 +78692,7 @@ style='color:blue'>SEGMENT_SIZE</span></u> - 1))</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����β��ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>代码段尾地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_N_TXTENDADDR</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -78701,12 +78701,12 @@ style='color:blue'>x</span></u>)+(<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>).a_te
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݶο�ʼ��ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数据段开始地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ļ���<span lang=EN-US>OMAGIC</span>���͵ģ���ô���ݶξ�ֱ�ӽ������κ��档����Ļ����ݶε�ַ�Ӵ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果文件是<span lang=EN-US>OMAGIC</span>类型的，那么数据段就直接紧随代码段后面。否则的话数据段地址从代码</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�κ���α߽翪ʼ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1KB</span>�߽���룩������<span lang=EN-US>ZMAGIC</span>���͵��ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>段后面段边界开始（<span
+lang=EN-US>1KB</span>边界对齐）。例如<span lang=EN-US>ZMAGIC</span>类型的文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>
 #ifndef <u><span style='color:blue'>N_DATADDR</span></u></span></p>
@@ -78736,11 +78736,11 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* Address of bss segment in memory after it is loaded.&nbsp;
 */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* bss</span>�μ��ص��ڴ��Ժ�ĵ�ַ<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* bss</span>段加载到内存以后的地址<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>δ��ʼ�����ݶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>bbs</span>λ�����ݶκ��棬�������ݶΡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>未初始化数据段<span
+lang=EN-US>bbs</span>位于数据段后面，紧跟数据段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #ifndef <u><span style='color:blue'>N_BSSADDR</span></u></span></p>
@@ -78756,10 +78756,10 @@ lang=EN-US> #endif</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>109</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>110��185</span>���ǵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>���֡���Ŀ���ļ��еķ��ű������ز�������ж����˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>110—185</span>行是第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>部分。对目标文件中的符号表项和相关操作宏进行定义和说明。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // a.out</span>Ŀ���ļ��з��ű���ṹ�����ű���¼�ṹ�����μ���������ϸ˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // a.out</span>目标文件中符号表项结构（符号表记录结构）。参见程序后的详细说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #ifndef N_NLIST_DECLARED</span></p>
@@ -78785,7 +78785,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; } n_un;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char n_type;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ֽڷֳ�<span lang=EN-US>3</span>���ֶΣ�<span lang=EN-US>146--154</span>������Ӧ�ֶε������롣</p>
+// </span>该字节分成<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个字段，<span lang=EN-US>146--154</span>行是相应字段的屏蔽码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; char n_other;</span></p>
@@ -78805,8 +78805,8 @@ lang=EN-US> #endif</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>123</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���涨��<span lang=EN-US>nlist</span>�ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>n_type</span>�ֶ�ֵ�ĳ������š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面定义<span lang=EN-US>nlist</span>结构中<span
+lang=EN-US>n_type</span>字段值的常量符号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>124</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #ifndef <u><span style='color:blue'>N_UNDF</span></u></span></p>
@@ -78874,15 +78874,15 @@ lang=EN-US> #endif</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>145</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>������������<span
-lang=EN-US>nlist</span>�ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>n_type</span>�ֶε������루�˽��̱�ʾ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个常量定义是<span
+lang=EN-US>nlist</span>结构中<span lang=EN-US>n_type</span>字段的屏蔽码（八进程表示）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>146</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #ifndef <u><span style='color:blue'>N_EXT</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>N_EXT</span></u> 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 0x01</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0b0000,0001</span>�������Ƿ����ⲿ�ģ�ȫ�ֵģ���</p>
+// 0x01</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0b0000,0001</span>）符号是否是外部的（全局的）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #endif</span></p>
@@ -78892,18 +78892,18 @@ lang=EN-US> #ifndef <u><span style='color:blue'>N_TYPE</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>N_TYPE</span></u> 036&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// 0x1e</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0b0001,1110</span>�����ŵ�����λ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// 0x1e</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0b0001,1110</span>）符号的类型位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>151</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #endif</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #ifndef <u><span style='color:blue'>N_STAB</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// STAB -- </span>���ű����ͣ�<span lang=EN-US>Symbol table types</span>����</p>
+// STAB -- </span>符号表类型（<span lang=EN-US>Symbol table types</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>N_STAB</span></u> 0340&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 0xe0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0b1110,0000</span>���⼸���������ڷ��ŵ�������</p>
+// 0xe0</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0b1110,0000</span>）这几个比特用于符号调试器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #endif</span></p>
@@ -78941,15 +78941,15 @@ definition, libraries will</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;be searched to find a definition.&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���������ָ����һ�����ŵĶ�������Ϊ����һ�����ŵļ�����á����Ӹ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>下面的类型指明对一个符号的定义是作为对另一个符号的间接引用。紧接该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ŵ������ķ��ų���Ϊδ��������á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>符号的其他的符号呈现为未定义的引用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ּ�������ǲ��ԳƵġ���һ�����ŵ�ֵ�������������ӷ��ŵ�Ҫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>这种间接引用是不对称的。另一个符号的值将被用于满足间接符号的要求，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����֮��Ȼ�������һ������û�ж��壬����������Ѱ��һ������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>但反之则不然。如果另一个符号没有定义，则将搜索库来寻找一个定义<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
@@ -78996,21 +78996,21 @@ symbol</i></b></span></p>
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;in that it can satisfy undefined external
 references.&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����ķ����뼯��Ԫ���йء����о�����ͬ����<span
-lang=EN-US>N_SET[ATDB]</span>�ķ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>下面的符号与集合元素有关。所有具有相同名称<span
+lang=EN-US>N_SET[ATDB]</span>的符号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�γ�һ�����ϡ��ڴ��벿������Ϊ���Ϸ����˿ռ䣬����ÿ������Ԫ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>形成一个集合。在代码部分中已为集合分配了空间，并且每个集合元素</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��ֵ�����һ���֣�<span
-lang=EN-US>word</span>���Ŀռ��С��ռ�ĵ�һ���ִ��м��ϵĳ��ȣ�����Ԫ����Ŀ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>的值存放在一个字（<span
+lang=EN-US>word</span>）的空间中。空间的第一个字存有集合的长度（集合元素数目）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>���ϵĵ�ַ������һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>N_SETV</span>�����У����������뼯��ͬ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>集合的地址被放入一个<span
+lang=EN-US>N_SETV</span>符号中，它的名称与集合同名。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>������δ������ⲿ���÷��棬�÷��ŵ���Ϊ��һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>N_DATA</span>ȫ�ַ��š�<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>在满足未定义的外部引用方面，该符号的行为象一个<span
+lang=EN-US>N_DATA</span>全局符号。<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -79018,28 +79018,28 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>177</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* These appear as input to LD, in a .o file.&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>������Щ������<span
-lang=EN-US> .o </span>�ļ�������Ϊ���ӳ���<span lang=EN-US>LD</span>�����롣<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>以下这些符号在<span
+lang=EN-US> .o </span>文件中是作为链接程序<span lang=EN-US>LD</span>的输入。<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>178</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>N_SETA</span></u>&nbsp;
 0x14&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Absolute set element
-symbol */</i></b> &nbsp;/* </span>���Լ���Ԫ�ط���<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+symbol */</i></b> &nbsp;/* </span>绝对集合元素符号<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>179</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>N_SETT</span></u>&nbsp;
 0x16&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Text set element symbol
-*/</i></b> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>���뼯��Ԫ�ط���<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+*/</i></b> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>代码集合元素符号<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>180</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>N_SETD</span></u>&nbsp;
 0x18&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Data set element symbol
-*/</i></b>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>���ݼ���Ԫ�ط���<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+*/</i></b>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>数据集合元素符号<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>181</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>N_SETB</span></u>&nbsp;
 0x1A&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Bss set element symbol
-*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* Bss</span>����Ԫ�ط���<span
+*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* Bss</span>集合元素符号<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
@@ -79048,7 +79048,7 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>183</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* This is output from LD.&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>������<span lang=EN-US>LD</span>�������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>下面是<span lang=EN-US>LD</span>的输出。<span
 lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>184</span></u><span
@@ -79057,7 +79057,7 @@ lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>N_SETV</span></u>&nbsp;
 in data area.&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>ָ���������м���������<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+/* </span>指向数据区中集合向量。<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>185</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -79083,17 +79083,17 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;all of which apply to the text section.</i><
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Likewise, the data-relocation section
 applies to the data section.&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����ṹ���������ض�λ������ִ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>下面结构描述单个重定位操作的执行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�ļ��Ĵ����ض�λ��������Щ�ṹ��һ�����飬������Щ�����ڴ��벿�֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>文件的代码重定位部分是这些结构的一个数组，所有这些适用于代码部分。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>���Ƶأ������ض�λ�����������ݲ��֡�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>类似地，数据重定位部分用于数据部分。<span
 lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>192</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // a.out</span>Ŀ���ļ��д���������ض�λ��Ϣ�ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // a.out</span>目标文件中代码和数据重定位信息结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>relocation_info</span></u></span></p>
@@ -79105,7 +79105,7 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Address (within segment) to be
 relocated.&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>������Ҫ�ض�λ�ĵ�ַ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>段内需要重定位的地址。<span
 lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>196</span></u><span
@@ -79115,8 +79115,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; int r_address;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* The meaning of r_symbolnum depends on
 r_extern.&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* r_symbolnum</span>�ĺ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>r_extern</span>�йء�<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* r_symbolnum</span>的含义与<span
+lang=EN-US>r_extern</span>有关。<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>198</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned int r_symbolnum:24;</span></p>
@@ -79132,10 +79132,10 @@ changes in its own address</i></b></span></p>
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;as well as for changes in the
 symbol or section specified.&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>������ζ��ֵ��һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pc</span>��ص�ƫ��ֵ����������Լ���ַ�ռ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>非零意味着值是一个<span
+lang=EN-US>pc</span>相关的偏移值，因而在其自己地址空间</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�Լ����Ż�ָ���Ľڸı�ʱ����Ҫ���ض�λ<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>以及符号或指定的节改变时，需要被重定位<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>202</span></u><span
@@ -79149,11 +79149,11 @@ relocated.</i></b></span></p>
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Thus, a value of 2 indicates
 1&lt;&lt;2 bytes.&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>��Ҫ���ض�λ���ֶγ��ȣ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�Ĵη�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>需要被重定位的字段长度（是<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的次方）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��ˣ���ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>���ʾ<span lang=EN-US>1&lt;&lt;2</span>�ֽ�����<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>因此，若值是<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>则表示<span lang=EN-US>1&lt;&lt;2</span>字节数。<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned int r_length:2;</span></p>
@@ -79181,20 +79181,20 @@ is N_TEXT, N_DATA, N_BSS or N_ABS</i></b></span></p>
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(the
 N_EXT bit may be set also, but signifies nothing).&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* 1 =&gt; </span>�Է��ŵ�ֵ�ض�λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* 1 =&gt; </span>以符号的值重定位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-r_symbolnum</span>���ļ����ű��з��ŵ�������</p>
+r_symbolnum</span>是文件符号表中符号的索引。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0
-=&gt; </span>�Զεĵ�ַ�����ض�λ��</p>
+=&gt; </span>以段的地址进行重定位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-r_symbolnum</span>��<span lang=EN-US>N_TEXT</span>��<span lang=EN-US>N_DATA</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>N_BSS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>N_ABS</span></p>
+r_symbolnum</span>是<span lang=EN-US>N_TEXT</span>、<span lang=EN-US>N_DATA</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>N_BSS</span>或<span lang=EN-US>N_ABS</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-(N_EXT</span>����λҲ���Ա����ã����Ǻ�������<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+(N_EXT</span>比特位也可以被设置，但是毫无意义<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>212</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned int r_extern:1;</span></p>
@@ -79207,10 +79207,10 @@ an object file</i></b></span></p>
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;it is desirable to clear
 them.&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>û��ʹ�õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>������λ�����ǵ�����дһ��Ŀ���ļ�ʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>没有使用的<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>个比特位，但是当进行写一个目标文件时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��ý����Ǹ�λ����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>最好将它们复位掉。<span
 lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>215</span></u><span
@@ -79250,7 +79250,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448034"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447438"></a><a name="_Toc53320656"><span lang=EN-US>14.2 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-2 linux/include/const.h</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-2 linux/include/const.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -79268,44 +79268,44 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-2 linux/
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>BUFFER_END</span></u> 0x200000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���建��ʹ���ڴ��ĩ�ˣ�������û��ʹ�øó�������</p>
+// </span>定义缓冲使用内存的末端（代码中没有使用该常量）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ����ݽṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i_mode</span>�ֶεĸ���־λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点数据结构中<span
+lang=EN-US>i_mode</span>字段的各标志位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>I_TYPE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0170000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ����ͣ����������룩��</p>
+0170000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指明<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点类型（类型屏蔽码）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>I_DIRECTORY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0040000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ŀ¼�ļ���</p>
+0040000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是目录文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>I_REGULAR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0100000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ǳ����ļ�������Ŀ¼�ļ��������ļ���</p>
+0100000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是常规文件，不是目录文件或特殊文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>I_BLOCK_SPECIAL</span></u> 0060000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ǿ��豸�����ļ���</p>
+// </span>是块设备特殊文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>I_CHAR_SPECIAL</span></u>&nbsp; 0020000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ַ��豸�����ļ���</p>
+// </span>是字符设备特殊文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>I_NAMED_PIPE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0010000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ܵ��ڵ㡣</p>
+0010000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是命名管道节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>I_SET_UID_BIT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0004000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ��ʱ������Ч�û�<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>���͡�</p>
+0004000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在执行时设置有效用户<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>I_SET_GID_BIT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0002000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ��ʱ������Ч��<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>���͡�</p>
+0002000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在执行时设置有效组<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -79332,7 +79332,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448035"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447439"></a><a name="_Toc53320657"><span lang=EN-US>14.3 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-3 linux/include/ctype.h</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-3 linux/include/ctype.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -79351,162 +79351,162 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-3 linux/
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_U</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x01&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* upper */</i></b> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�ñ���λ���ڴ�д�ַ�<span lang=EN-US>[A-Z]</span>��</p>
+</span>该比特位用于大写字符<span lang=EN-US>[A-Z]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_L</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x02&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* lower */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ñ���λ����Сд�ַ�<span lang=EN-US>[a-z]</span>��</p>
+// </span>该比特位用于小写字符<span lang=EN-US>[a-z]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_D</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x04&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* digit */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ñ���λ��������<span lang=EN-US>[0-9]</span>��</p>
+// </span>该比特位用于数字<span lang=EN-US>[0-9]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_C</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x08&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* cntrl */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ñ���λ���ڿ����ַ���</p>
+// </span>该比特位用于控制字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_P</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x10&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;<b><i>/* punct */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ñ���λ���ڱ���ַ���</p>
+// </span>该比特位用于标点字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_S</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* white space (space/lf/tab) */</i></b> // </span>�հ��ַ�����ո�<span
-lang=EN-US>\t</span>��<span lang=EN-US>\n</span>�ȡ�</p>
+0x20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* white space (space/lf/tab) */</i></b> // </span>空白字符，如空格、<span
+lang=EN-US>\t</span>、<span lang=EN-US>\n</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_X</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x40&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* hex digit */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ñ���λ����ʮ���������֡�</p>
+// </span>该比特位用于十六进制数字。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_SP</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x80&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* hard space (0x20) */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ñ���λ���ڿո��ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x20</span>����</p>
+0x80&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* hard space (0x20) */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该比特位用于空格字符（<span
+lang=EN-US>0x20</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
 extern unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>_ctype</span></u>[];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ַ��������飨��������������ַ���Ӧ��������ԡ�</p>
+// </span>字符特性数组（表），定义各个字符对应上面的属性。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
 extern char <u><span style='color:blue'>_ctmp</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>һ����ʱ�ַ��������ڶ���<span lang=EN-US>lib/ctype.c</span>�У���</p>
+// </span>一个临时字符变量（在定义<span lang=EN-US>lib/ctype.c</span>中）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������һЩȷ���ַ����͵ĺꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面是一些确定字符类型的宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>isalnum</span></u>(c) ((<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_ctype</span></u>+1)[c]&amp;(<u><span style='color:blue'>_U</span></u>|<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_L</span></u>|<u><span style='color:blue'>_D</span></u>))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ַ�������<span lang=EN-US>[A-Z]</span>��<span lang=EN-US>[a-z]</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>[0-9]</span>��</p>
+// </span>是字符或数字<span lang=EN-US>[A-Z]</span>、<span lang=EN-US>[a-z]</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>[0-9]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>isalpha</span></u>(c) ((<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_ctype</span></u>+1)[c]&amp;(<u><span style='color:blue'>_U</span></u>|<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_L</span></u>))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-</span>���ַ���</p>
+</span>是字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>iscntrl</span></u>(c) ((<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_ctype</span></u>+1)[c]&amp;(<u><span style='color:blue'>_C</span></u>))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ǿ����ַ���</p>
+// </span>是控制字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>isdigit</span></u>(c) ((<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_ctype</span></u>+1)[c]&amp;(<u><span style='color:blue'>_D</span></u>))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����֡�</p>
+// </span>是数字。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>isgraph</span></u>(c) ((<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_ctype</span></u>+1)[c]&amp;(<u><span style='color:blue'>_P</span></u>|<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_U</span></u>|<u><span style='color:blue'>_L</span></u>|<u><span
-style='color:blue'>_D</span></u>))&nbsp; // </span>��ͼ���ַ���</p>
+style='color:blue'>_D</span></u>))&nbsp; // </span>是图形字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>islower</span></u>(c) ((<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_ctype</span></u>+1)[c]&amp;(<u><span style='color:blue'>_L</span></u>))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��Сд�ַ���</p>
+// </span>是小写字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>isprint</span></u>(c) ((<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_ctype</span></u>+1)[c]&amp;(<u><span style='color:blue'>_P</span></u>|<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_U</span></u>|<u><span style='color:blue'>_L</span></u>|<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_D</span></u>|<u><span style='color:blue'>_SP</span></u>))&nbsp;
-// </span>�ǿɴ�ӡ�ַ���</p>
+// </span>是可打印字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ispunct</span></u>(c) ((<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_ctype</span></u>+1)[c]&amp;(<u><span style='color:blue'>_P</span></u>))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ǳ����š�</p>
+// </span>是标点符号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>isspace</span></u>(c) ((<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_ctype</span></u>+1)[c]&amp;(<u><span style='color:blue'>_S</span></u>))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ǿհ��ַ���ո�<span lang=EN-US>,\f,\n,\r,\t,\v</span>��</p>
+// </span>是空白字符如空格<span lang=EN-US>,\f,\n,\r,\t,\v</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>isupper</span></u>(c) ((<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_ctype</span></u>+1)[c]&amp;(<u><span style='color:blue'>_U</span></u>))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ǵ�д�ַ���</p>
+// </span>是大写字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>isxdigit</span></u>(c) ((<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_ctype</span></u>+1)[c]&amp;(<u><span style='color:blue'>_D</span></u>|<u><span
-style='color:blue'>_X</span></u>))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʮ���������֡�</p>
+style='color:blue'>_X</span></u>))&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是十六进制数字。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������У������ǰʹ����ǰ׺��<span
-lang=EN-US>unsigned</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>c </span>Ӧ�ü����ţ�����ʾ�� <span
-lang=EN-US>(c)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在下面两个定义中，宏参数前使用了前缀（<span
+lang=EN-US>unsigned</span>），因此<span lang=EN-US>c </span>应该加括号，即表示成 <span
+lang=EN-US>(c)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ�ڳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>c</span>������һ�����ӵı���ʽ�����磬���������<span lang=EN-US>a + b</span>�����������ţ����ں궨</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因为在程序中<span
+lang=EN-US>c</span>可能是一个复杂的表达式。例如，如果参数是<span lang=EN-US>a + b</span>，若不加括号，则在宏定</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���б���ˣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(unsigned) a + b</span>������Ȼ���ԡ��������ž�����ȷ��ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>(unsigned)(a
-+ b)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>义中变成了：<span
+lang=EN-US>(unsigned) a + b</span>。这显然不对。加了括号就能正确表示成<span lang=EN-US>(unsigned)(a
++ b)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>isascii</span></u>(c) (((unsigned)
 c)&lt;=0x7f)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>�ַ���</p>
+// </span>是<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>toascii</span></u>(c) (((unsigned)
 c)&amp;0x7f)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ת����<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>�ַ���</p>
+// </span>转换成<span lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������궨����ʹ��һ����ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>_ctmp</span>��ԭ���ǣ��ں궨���У���Ĳ���ֻ�ܱ�ʹ��һ�Ρ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下两个宏定义中使用一个临时变量<span
+lang=EN-US>_ctmp</span>的原因是：在宏定义中，宏的参数只能被使用一次。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڶ��߳���˵���ǲ���ȫ�ģ���Ϊ���������߳̿�����ͬһʱ��ʹ�����������ʱ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>但对于多线程来说这是不安全的，因为两个或多个线程可能在同一时刻使用这个公共临时变量。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��˴�<span lang=EN-US>Linux
-2.2.x</span>�汾��ʼ����Ϊʹ������������ȡ���������궨�塣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因此从<span lang=EN-US>Linux
+2.2.x</span>版本开始更改为使用两个函数来取代这两个宏定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>tolower</span></u>(c) (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_ctmp</span></u>=c,<u><span style='color:blue'>isupper</span></u>(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_ctmp</span></u>)?<u><span style='color:blue'>_ctmp</span></u>-(<i>'A'</i>-<i>'a'</i>):<u><span
-style='color:blue'>_ctmp</span></u>)&nbsp; // </span>ת����Сд�ַ���</p>
+style='color:blue'>_ctmp</span></u>)&nbsp; // </span>转换成小写字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>toupper</span></u>(c) (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_ctmp</span></u>=c,<u><span style='color:blue'>islower</span></u>(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>_ctmp</span></u>)?<u><span style='color:blue'>_ctmp</span></u>-(<i>'a'</i>-<i>'A'</i>):<u><span
-style='color:blue'>_ctmp</span></u>)&nbsp; // </span>ת���ɴ�д�ַ���</p>
+style='color:blue'>_ctmp</span></u>)&nbsp; // </span>转换成大写字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -79531,7 +79531,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448036"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447440"></a><a name="_Toc53320658"><span lang=EN-US>14.4 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-4&nbsp;
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-4&nbsp;
 linux/include/errno.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -79582,270 +79582,270 @@ NOTE! Remember to change strerror() if you change this file!</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * ok</span>��������û�еõ��κ������йس����ŵ����ϣ���ֻ��ʹ����<span
-lang=EN-US>minix</span>ϵͳ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * ok</span>，由于我没有得到任何其他有关出错号的资料，我只能使用与<span
+lang=EN-US>minix</span>系统</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ͬ�ĳ������ˡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>相同的出错号了。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ϣ����Щ��<span
-lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>���ݵĻ�����һ���̶����������ģ��Ҳ�֪��������<span lang=EN-US>POSIX</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>希望这些是<span
+lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>兼容的或者在一定程度上是这样的，我不知道（而且<span lang=EN-US>POSIX</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>û�и�����<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>Ҫ������ǵĻ쵰��׼��Ҫ��Ǯ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>没有告诉我<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>要获得他们的混蛋标准需要出钱）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����û��ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>minix</span>������<span lang=EN-US>_SIGN</span>�أ������ں˵ķ���ֵ�����Լ���������š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>我们没有使用<span
+lang=EN-US>minix</span>那样的<span lang=EN-US>_SIGN</span>簇，所以内核的返回值必须自己辨别正负号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�⣡�����ı���ļ��Ļ�������ҲҪ�޸�<span
-lang=EN-US>strerror()</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意！如果你改变该文件的话，记着也要修改<span
+lang=EN-US>strerror()</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ�����Լ��ܶ�⺯������һ�������ֵ�Ա�ʾ����ʧ�ܻ���������ֵͨ��ѡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>-1</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统调用以及很多库函数返回一个特殊的值以表示操作失败或出错。这个值通常选择<span
+lang=EN-US>-1</span>或者</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һЩ�ض���ֵ����ʾ�������������ֵ��˵���������ˡ�
-�����Ҫ֪�����������ͣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其他一些特定的值来表示。但是这个返回值仅说明错误发生了。
+如果需要知道出错的类型，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ҫ�鿴��ʾϵͳ�����ŵı���<span
-lang=EN-US>errno</span>���ñ�������<span lang=EN-US> errno.h </span>�ļ����������ڳ���ʼִ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>就需要查看表示系统出错号的变量<span
+lang=EN-US>errno</span>。该变量即在<span lang=EN-US> errno.h </span>文件中声明。在程序开始执</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ�ñ���ֵ����ʼ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>行时该变量值被初始化为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>errno</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڳ���ʱ��ϵͳ���û�ѳ����ŷ��ڱ���<span
-lang=EN-US>errno</span>�У���ֵ����Ȼ�󷵻�<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>����˳�������Ҫ֪</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在出错时，系统调用会把出错号放在变量<span
+lang=EN-US>errno</span>中（负值），然后返回<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>。因此程序若需要知</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ţ�����Ҫ�鿴<span
-lang=EN-US>errno</span>��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>道具体错误号，就需要查看<span
+lang=EN-US>errno</span>的值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ERROR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 99&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>һ�����</p>
+// </span>一般错误。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EPERM</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����û�����ɡ�</p>
+// </span>操作没有许可。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ENOENT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ���Ŀ¼�����ڡ�</p>
+// </span>文件或目录不存在。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ESRCH</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ָ���Ľ��̲����ڡ�</p>
+// </span>指定的进程不存在。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EINTR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�жϵ�ϵͳ���á�</p>
+// </span>中断的系统调用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EIO</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>/</span>�������</p>
+// </span>输入<span lang=EN-US>/</span>输出错。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ENXIO</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ָ���豸���ַ�����ڡ�</p>
+// </span>指定设备或地址不存在。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>E2BIG</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����б�̫����</p>
+// </span>参数列表太长。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ENOEXEC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ִ�г����ʽ����</p>
+// </span>执行程序格式错误。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EBADF</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ����<span lang=EN-US>(</span>������<span lang=EN-US>)</span>����</p>
+// </span>文件句柄<span lang=EN-US>(</span>描述符<span lang=EN-US>)</span>错误。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ECHILD</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 10&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�ӽ��̲����ڡ�</p>
+</span>子进程不存在。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EAGAIN</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 11&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��Դ��ʱ�����á�</p>
+// </span>资源暂时不可用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ENOMEM</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ڴ治�㡣</p>
+// </span>内存不足。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EACCES</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 13&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>û������Ȩ�ޡ�</p>
+// </span>没有许可权限。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EFAULT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 14&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ַ����</p>
+// </span>地址错。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ENOTBLK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 15&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ǿ��豸�ļ���</p>
+// </span>不是块设备文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EBUSY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 16&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��Դ��æ��</p>
+// </span>资源正忙。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EEXIST</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 17&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ��Ѵ��ڡ�</p>
+// </span>文件已存在。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EXDEV</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 18&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ƿ����ӡ�</p>
+// </span>非法连接。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ENODEV</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 19 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�豸�����ڡ�</p>
+</span>设备不存在。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ENOTDIR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ŀ¼�ļ���</p>
+// </span>不是目录文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EISDIR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 21&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��Ŀ¼�ļ���</p>
+// </span>是目录文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EINVAL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 22&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������Ч��</p>
+// </span>参数无效。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ENFILE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 23&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ϵͳ���ļ���̫�ࡣ</p>
+// </span>系统打开文件数太多。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EMFILE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 24&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ļ���̫�ࡣ</p>
+// </span>打开文件数太多。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ENOTTY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 25&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǡ����<span lang=EN-US>IO</span>���Ʋ���<span lang=EN-US>(</span>û��<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+// </span>不恰当的<span lang=EN-US>IO</span>控制操作<span lang=EN-US>(</span>没有<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ETXTBSY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 26&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʹ�á�</p>
+// </span>不再使用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EFBIG</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 27&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ�̫��</p>
+// </span>文件太大。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ENOSPC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 28&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�豸�������豸�Ѿ�û�пռ䣩��</p>
+// </span>设备已满（设备已经没有空间）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ESPIPE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 29&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��Ч���ļ�ָ���ض�λ��</p>
+// </span>无效的文件指针重定位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EROFS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 30&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ�ϵͳֻ����</p>
+// </span>文件系统只读。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EMLINK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 31&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����̫�ࡣ</p>
+// </span>连接太多。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EPIPE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;32&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ܵ�����</p>
+// </span>管道错。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EDOM</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 33&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>(domain)</span>������</p>
+// </span>域<span lang=EN-US>(domain)</span>出错。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ERANGE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 34&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���̫��</p>
+// </span>结果太大。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EDEADLK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 35&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������Դ������</p>
+// </span>避免资源死锁。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ENAMETOOLONG</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 36&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ���̫����</p>
+// </span>文件名太长。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ENOLCK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 37&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>û���������á�</p>
+// </span>没有锁定可用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ENOSYS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 38&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ܻ�û��ʵ�֡�</p>
+// </span>功能还没有实现。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ENOTEMPTY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 39&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ŀ¼���ա�</p>
+// </span>目录不空。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;<u>60</u></span><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* Should never be seen by user programs */</i></b> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�û�����Ӧ�ü������������д����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>用户程序不应该见到下面这两中错误号<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ERESTARTSYS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 512&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ִ��ϵͳ���á�</p>
+// </span>重新执行系统调用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ERESTARTNOINTR</span></u>&nbsp; 513&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ִ��ϵͳ���ã����жϡ�</p>
+// </span>重新执行系统调用，无中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -79870,7 +79870,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448037"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447441"></a><a name="_Toc53320659"><span lang=EN-US>14.5 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-5&nbsp;
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-5&nbsp;
 linux/include/fcntl.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -79888,73 +79888,73 @@ linux/include/fcntl.h</span></a></h2>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>3</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷ�ļ��������˻�����ϵͳ�������͡�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>类型头文件。定义了基本的系统数据类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> <b><i>/*
 open/fcntl - NOCTTY, NDELAY isn't implemented yet */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* open/fcntl - NOCTTY</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>NDELAY</span>���ڻ�û��ʵ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* open/fcntl - NOCTTY</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>NDELAY</span>现在还没有实现<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>O_ACCMODE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 00003&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ�����ģʽ�����롣</p>
+// </span>文件访问模式屏蔽码。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ�<span lang=EN-US>open()</span>���ļ����ƺ���<span
-lang=EN-US>fcntl()</span>ʹ�õ��ļ�����ģʽ��ͬʱֻ��ʹ������֮һ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>打开文件<span lang=EN-US>open()</span>和文件控制函数<span
+lang=EN-US>fcntl()</span>使用的文件访问模式。同时只能使用三者之一。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>O_RDONLY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 00&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ֻ����ʽ���ļ���</p>
+// </span>以只读方式打开文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>O_WRONLY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 01&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ֻд��ʽ���ļ���</p>
+// </span>以只写方式打开文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>O_RDWR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 02&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Զ�д��ʽ���ļ���</p>
+// </span>以读写方式打开文件。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ļ������Ͳ�����־������<span
-lang=EN-US>open()</span>�������������ģʽ��<span lang=EN-US>'</span>λ��<span lang=EN-US>'</span>�ķ�ʽһ��ʹ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面是文件创建和操作标志，用于<span
+lang=EN-US>open()</span>。可与上面访问模式用<span lang=EN-US>'</span>位或<span lang=EN-US>'</span>的方式一起使用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>O_CREAT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-00100&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* not fcntl */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>����ļ������ھʹ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>fcntl</span>�������á�</p>
+00100&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* not fcntl */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>如果文件不存在就创建。<span
+lang=EN-US>fcntl</span>函数不用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>O_EXCL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-00200&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* not fcntl */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>��ռʹ���ļ���־��</p>
+00200&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* not fcntl */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>独占使用文件标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>O_NOCTTY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-00400&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* not fcntl */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>����������նˡ�</p>
+00400&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* not fcntl */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>不分配控制终端。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>O_TRUNC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-01000&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* not fcntl */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>���ļ��Ѵ�������д�������򳤶Ƚ�Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+01000&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* not fcntl */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>若文件已存在且是写操作，则长度截为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>O_APPEND</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 02000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ӷ�ʽ�򿪣��ļ�ָ����Ϊ�ļ�β��</p>
+// </span>以添加方式打开，文件指针置为文件尾。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>O_NONBLOCK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-04000&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* not fcntl */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>��������ʽ�򿪺Ͳ����ļ���</p>
+04000&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* not fcntl */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>非阻塞方式打开和操作文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>O_NDELAY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>O_NONBLOCK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������ʽ�򿪺Ͳ����ļ���</p>
+// </span>非阻塞方式打开和操作文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -79969,66 +79969,66 @@ tested.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���涨����<span lang=EN-US>fcntl</span>�����ע��Ŀǰ�������û��֧�֣�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>下面定义了<span lang=EN-US>fcntl</span>的命令。注意目前锁定命令还没有支持，而其他</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ʵ���ϻ�û�в��Թ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>命令实际上还没有测试过。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ����<span lang=EN-US>(</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>fcntl()</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>cmd</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件句柄<span lang=EN-US>(</span>描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>操作函数<span lang=EN-US>fcntl()</span>的命令（<span lang=EN-US>cmd</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>F_DUPFD</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* dup */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ļ����Ϊ��С��ֵ�ľ����</p>
+// </span>拷贝文件句柄为最小数值的句柄。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>F_GETFD</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* get f_flags */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�����־����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����־<span lang=EN-US>FD_CLOEXEC</span>��</p>
+1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* get f_flags */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取句柄标志。仅<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个标志<span lang=EN-US>FD_CLOEXEC</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>F_SETFD</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* set f_flags */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>�����ļ������־��</p>
+2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* set f_flags */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>设置文件句柄标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>F_GETFL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* more flags (cloexec) */</i></b>&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ�ļ�״̬��־�ͷ���ģʽ��</p>
+// </span>取文件状态标志和访问模式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>F_SETFL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ļ�״̬��־�ͷ���ģʽ��</p>
+// </span>设置文件状态标志和访问模式。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ļ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>fcntl()</span>�ĵ���������<span lang=EN-US>lock</span>��ָ��<span lang=EN-US>flock</span>�ṹ��ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面是文件锁定命令。<span
+lang=EN-US>fcntl()</span>的第三个参数<span lang=EN-US>lock</span>是指向<span lang=EN-US>flock</span>结构的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>F_GETLK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* not implemented */</i></b>&nbsp;
-// </span>������ֹ������<span lang=EN-US>flock</span>�ṹ��</p>
+// </span>返回阻止锁定的<span lang=EN-US>flock</span>结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>F_SETLK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>(F_RDLCK</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>F_WRLCK)</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>(F_UNLCK)</span>������</p>
+6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置<span lang=EN-US>(F_RDLCK</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>F_WRLCK)</span>或清除<span lang=EN-US>(F_UNLCK)</span>锁定。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>F_SETLKW</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ����û����������</p>
+7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待设置或清除锁定。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u> <b><i>/*
 for F_[GET|SET]FL */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����<span lang=EN-US>
-F_GETFL</span>��<span lang=EN-US>F_SETFL */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>用于<span lang=EN-US>
+F_GETFL</span>或<span lang=EN-US>F_SETFL */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ִ��<span lang=EN-US>exec()</span>�غ���ʱ��Ҫ�رյ��ļ������<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>ִ��ʱ�ر�<span lang=EN-US> - Close On EXECution)</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在执行<span lang=EN-US>exec()</span>簇函数时需要关闭的文件句柄。<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>执行时关闭<span lang=EN-US> - Close On EXECution)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FD_CLOEXEC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -80036,7 +80036,7 @@ lang=EN-US>(</span>ִ��ʱ�ر�<span lang=EN-US> - Close On EXECution)</sp
 bit set goes */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>ʵ����ֻҪ��λΪ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>实际上只要低位为<span lang=EN-US>1</span>即可<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -80048,79 +80048,79 @@ level. POSIX wants them.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* OK</span>���������������ͣ��κκ����ж���û��ʵ�֡�<span
-lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>��׼Ҫ����Щ���͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* OK</span>，以下是锁定类型，任何函数中都还没有实现。<span
+lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>标准要求这些类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>F_RDLCK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ļ�������</p>
+0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>共享或读文件锁定。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>F_WRLCK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ռ��д�ļ�������</p>
+1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>独占或写文件锁定。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>F_UNLCK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�������</p>
+2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件解锁。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u> <b><i>/*
 Once again - not implemented, but ... */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ͬ��<span lang=EN-US> - </span>Ҳ��û��ʵ�֣�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>同样<span lang=EN-US> - </span>也还没有实现，但是<span
 lang=EN-US>... */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ������������ݽṹ����������Ӱ���ļ��ε�����<span
-lang=EN-US>(l_type)</span>����ʼƫ��<span lang=EN-US>(l_whence)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件锁定操作数据结构。描述了受影响文件段的类型<span
+lang=EN-US>(l_type)</span>、开始偏移<span lang=EN-US>(l_whence)</span>、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ƫ��<span lang=EN-US>(l_start)</span>����������<span
-lang=EN-US>(l_len)</span>��ʵʩ�����Ľ���<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>相对偏移<span lang=EN-US>(l_start)</span>、锁定长度<span
+lang=EN-US>(l_len)</span>和实施锁定的进程<span lang=EN-US>id</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>flock</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-short l_type;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ͣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>F_RDLCK</span>��<span lang=EN-US>F_WRLCK</span>��<span lang=EN-US>F_UNLCK</span>����</p>
+short l_type;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>锁定类型（<span
+lang=EN-US>F_RDLCK</span>，<span lang=EN-US>F_WRLCK</span>，<span lang=EN-US>F_UNLCK</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-short l_whence;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼƫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>(SEEK_SET</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SEEK_CUR</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SEEK_END)</span>��</p>
+short l_whence;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>开始偏移<span
+lang=EN-US>(SEEK_SET</span>，<span lang=EN-US>SEEK_CUR</span>或<span lang=EN-US>SEEK_END)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>off_t</span></u>
-l_start;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������Ŀ�ʼ�������ƫ�ƣ��ֽ�������</p>
+l_start;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>阻塞锁定的开始处。相对偏移（字节数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>off_t</span></u> l_len;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���������Ĵ�С�������<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��Ϊ���ļ�ĩβ��</p>
+// </span>阻塞锁定的大小；如果是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>则为到文件末尾。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>pid_t</span></u> l_pid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����Ľ���<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��</p>
+// </span>加锁的进程<span lang=EN-US>id</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u> };</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʹ��������־������ĺ���ԭ�͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下是使用上述标志或命令的函数原型。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ļ�����дһ���Ѵ����ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>创建新文件或重写一个已存在文件。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>���������ļ����ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>mode</span>�Ǵ����ļ������ԣ���<span lang=EN-US>include/sys/stat.h</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>是欲创建文件的文件名，<span
+lang=EN-US>mode</span>是创建文件的属性（见<span lang=EN-US>include/sys/stat.h</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>creat</span></u>(const char * filename,<u><span
 style='color:blue'>mode_t</span></u> mode);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ������������Ӱ���ļ��Ĵ򿪡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件句柄操作，会影响文件的打开。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>fildes</span>���ļ������<span
-lang=EN-US>cmd</span>�ǲ������������<span lang=EN-US>23--30</span>�С��ú����������¼�����ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>fildes</span>是文件句柄，<span
+lang=EN-US>cmd</span>是操作命令，见上面<span lang=EN-US>23--30</span>行。该函数可有以下几种形式：</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // int fcntl(int fildes, int
 cmd);</span></p>
@@ -80135,10 +80135,10 @@ cmd, struct flock *lock);</span></p>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>fcntl</span></u>(int fildes,int cmd,
 ...);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ������ļ����ļ����֮�佨����ϵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>打开文件。在文件与文件句柄之间建立联系。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>�������ļ����ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>flags</span>������<span lang=EN-US>7-17</span>���ϵı�־����ϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>filename</span>是欲打开文件的文件名，<span
+lang=EN-US>flags</span>是上面<span lang=EN-US>7-17</span>行上的标志的组合。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>open</span></u>(const char * filename,
@@ -80167,7 +80167,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448038"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447442"></a><a name="_Toc53320660"><span lang=EN-US>14.6 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-6&nbsp;
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-6&nbsp;
 linux/include/signal.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -80186,24 +80186,24 @@ linux/include/signal.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u>
 #include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>����ͷ�ļ��������˻�����ϵͳ�������͡�</p>
+</span>类型头文件。定义了基本的系统数据类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u>
 typedef int <u><span style='color:blue'>sig_atomic_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ź�ԭ�Ӳ������͡�</p>
+// </span>定义信号原子操作类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 typedef unsigned int <u><span style='color:blue'>sigset_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* 32 bits */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>�����źż����͡�</p>
+<b><i>/* 32 bits */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>定义信号集类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_NSIG</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-32&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ź�����<span
-lang=EN-US> -- 32 </span>�֡�</p>
+32&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义信号种类<span
+lang=EN-US> -- 32 </span>种。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NSIG</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -80212,185 +80212,185 @@ lang=EN-US> -- 32 </span>�֡�</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Щ��<span lang=EN-US>Linux
-0.12</span>�ں��ж�����źš����а�����<span lang=EN-US>POSIX.1</span>Ҫ�������<span lang=EN-US>20</span>���źš�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下这些是<span lang=EN-US>Linux
+0.12</span>内核中定义的信号。其中包括了<span lang=EN-US>POSIX.1</span>要求的所有<span lang=EN-US>20</span>个信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGHUP</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// Hang Up &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>�ҶϿ����ն˻���̡�</p>
+// Hang Up &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>挂断控制终端或进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGINT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// Interrupt &nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>���Լ��̵��жϡ�</p>
+// Interrupt &nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>来自键盘的中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGQUIT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// Quit &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>���Լ��̵��˳���</p>
+// Quit &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>来自键盘的退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGILL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// Illeagle &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>�Ƿ�ָ�</p>
+// Illeagle &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>非法指令。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGTRAP</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// Trap&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>���ٶϵ㡣</p>
+// Trap&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>跟踪断点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGABRT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// Abort&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>�쳣������</p>
+// Abort&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>异常结束。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGIOT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// IO Trap&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>ͬ�ϡ�</p>
+// IO Trap&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>同上。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGUNUSED</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// Unused&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>û��ʹ�á�</p>
+// Unused&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>没有使用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGFPE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// FPE&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>Э������������</p>
+// FPE&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>协处理器出错。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGKILL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// Kill&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>ǿ�Ƚ�����ֹ��</p>
+// Kill&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>强迫进程终止。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGUSR1</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// User1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>�û��ź�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����̿�ʹ�á�</p>
+// User1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>用户信号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，进程可使用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGSEGV</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 11&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// Segment Violation -- </span>��Ч�ڴ����á�</p>
+// Segment Violation -- </span>无效内存引用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGUSR2</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// User2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>�û��ź�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�����̿�ʹ�á�</p>
+// User2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>用户信号<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，进程可使用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGPIPE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 13&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// Pipe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>�ܵ�д�������޶��ߡ�</p>
+// Pipe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>管道写出错，无读者。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGALRM</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 14&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// Alarm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>ʵʱ��ʱ��������</p>
+// Alarm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>实时定时器报警。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGTERM</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 15&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// Terminate&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>������ֹ��</p>
+// Terminate&nbsp;&nbsp; -- </span>进程终止。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGSTKFLT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 16&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// Stack Fault -- </span>ջ������Э����������</p>
+// Stack Fault -- </span>栈出错（协处理器）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGCHLD</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 17&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// Child &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>�ӽ���ֹͣ����ֹ��</p>
+// Child &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>子进程停止或被终止。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGCONT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 18&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-Continue &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>�ָ����̼���ִ�С�</p>
+Continue &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>恢复进程继续执行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGSTOP</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 19&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// Stop &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>ֹͣ���̵�ִ�С�</p>
+// Stop &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>停止进程的执行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGTSTP</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// TTY Stop &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-- tty</span>����ֹͣ���̣��ɺ��ԡ�</p>
+// TTY Stop &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-- tty</span>发出停止进程，可忽略。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGTTIN</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 21&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// TTY In &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>��̨�����������롣</p>
+// TTY In &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-- </span>后台进程请求输入。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIGTTOU</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 22&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// TTY Out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;-- </span>��̨�������������</p>
+// TTY Out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;-- </span>后台进程请求输出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u> <b><i>/*
 Ok, I haven't implemented sigactions, but trying to keep headers POSIX */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* OK</span>���һ�û��ʵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>sigactions</span>�ı��ƣ�����ͷ�ļ�����ϣ������<span lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>��׼<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* OK</span>，我还没有实现<span
+lang=EN-US>sigactions</span>的编制，但在头文件中仍希望遵守<span lang=EN-US>POSIX</span>标准<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ԭע���Ѿ���ʱ����Ϊ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0.12</span>�ں����Ѿ�ʵ����<span lang=EN-US>sigaction()</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>�ṹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>上面原注释已经过时，因为在<span
+lang=EN-US>0.12</span>内核中已经实现了<span lang=EN-US>sigaction()</span>。下面是<span
+lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>结构</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sa_flags</span>��־�ֶο�ȡ�ķ��ų���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sa_flags</span>标志字段可取的符号常数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SA_NOCLDSTOP</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ӽ��̴���ֹͣ״̬���Ͳ���<span lang=EN-US>SIGCHLD</span>������</p>
+// </span>当子进程处于停止状态，就不对<span lang=EN-US>SIGCHLD</span>处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;<u>38</u></span><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SA_INTERRUPT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x20000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ���ñ��ź��жϺ���������ϵͳ���á�</p>
+0x20000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统调用被信号中断后不重新启动系统调用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SA_NOMASK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x40000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ֹ��ָ�����źŴ������������յ����źš�</p>
+0x40000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>不阻止在指定的信号处理程序中再收到该信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SA_ONESHOT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x80000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�źž��һ�������ù��ͻָ���Ĭ�ϴ��������</p>
+0x80000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号句柄一旦被调用过就恢复到默认处理句柄。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���³�������<span
-lang=EN-US>sigprocmask(how, )-- </span>�ı������źż�<span lang=EN-US>(</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>�����ڸı�ú�������Ϊ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下常量用于<span
+lang=EN-US>sigprocmask(how, )-- </span>改变阻塞信号集<span lang=EN-US>(</span>屏蔽码<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。用于改变该函数的行为。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIG_BLOCK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0&nbsp; <b><i>/* for blocking signals */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������źż��м��ϸ����źš�</p>
+0&nbsp; <b><i>/* for blocking signals */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在阻塞信号集中加上给定信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIG_UNBLOCK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-1&nbsp; <b><i>/* for unblocking signals */</i></b> // </span>�������źż���ɾ��ָ���źš�</p>
+1&nbsp; <b><i>/* for unblocking signals */</i></b> // </span>从阻塞信号集中删除指定信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIG_SETMASK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-2&nbsp; <b><i>/* for setting the signal mask */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������źż���</p>
+2&nbsp; <b><i>/* for setting the signal mask */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置阻塞信号集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������Ŷ���ʾָ���޷���ֵ�ĺ���ָ�룬�Ҷ���һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>int</span>���Ͳ�����������ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下两个常数符号都表示指向无返回值的函数指针，且都有一个<span
+lang=EN-US>int</span>整型参数。这两个指针</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֵ���߼��Ͻ�ʵ���ϲ����ܳ��ֵĺ�����ֵַ������Ϊ����<span
-lang=EN-US>signal</span>�����ĵڶ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>值是逻辑上讲实际上不可能出现的函数地址值。可作为下面<span
+lang=EN-US>signal</span>函数的第二个参数。用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڸ�֪�ںˣ����ں˴����źŻ���Զ��źŵĴ�����ʹ�÷����μ�<span
-lang=EN-US> kernel/signal.c</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于告知内核，让内核处理信号或忽略对信号的处理。使用方法参见<span
+lang=EN-US> kernel/signal.c</span>程序，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>94--96</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>94--96</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIG_DFL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -80398,14 +80398,14 @@ lang=EN-US> kernel/signal.c</span>����</p>
 handling */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ĭ���źŴ��������źž������</p>
+// </span>默认信号处理程序（信号句柄）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIG_IGN</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ((void (*)(int))1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* ignore signal */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����źŵĴ�������</p>
+// </span>忽略信号的处理程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;<u>48</u></span><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIG_ERR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -80413,46 +80413,46 @@ lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SIG_ERR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�źŴ������ش���</p>
+// </span>信号处理返回错误。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���涨���ʼ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>�ṹ�ź�������ĺꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面定义初始操作设置<span
+lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>结构信号屏蔽码的宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 #ifdef notdef</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>sigemptyset</span></u>(mask) ((*(mask) =
-0), 1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>mask</span>���㡣</p>
+0), 1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将<span lang=EN-US>mask</span>清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>sigfillset</span></u>(mask) ((*(mask) =
-~0), 1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>mask</span>���б���λ��λ��</p>
+~0), 1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将<span lang=EN-US>mask</span>所有比特位置位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>
 #endif</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>�����ݽṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面是<span lang=EN-US>sigaction</span>的数据结构。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sa_handler</span>�Ƕ�Ӧĳ�ź�ָ��Ҫ��ȡ���ж��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>SIG_DFL</span>����<span lang=EN-US>SIG_IGN</span>�����Ը�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sa_handler</span>是对应某信号指定要采取的行动。可以用上面的<span
+lang=EN-US>SIG_DFL</span>，或<span lang=EN-US>SIG_IGN</span>来忽略该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�źţ�Ҳ������ָ�������źź�����һ��ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号，也可以是指向处理该信号函数的一个指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sa_mask</span>�����˶��źŵ������룬���źų���ִ��ʱ����������Щ�źŵĴ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sa_mask</span>给出了对信号的屏蔽码，在信号程序执行时将阻塞对这些信号的处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a style='text-indent:20.0pt'><span lang=EN-US>// sa_flags</span>ָ���ı��źŴ������̵��źż���������<span
-lang=EN-US>37-40</span>�е�λ��־����ġ�</p>
+<p class=a style='text-indent:20.0pt'><span lang=EN-US>// sa_flags</span>指定改变信号处理过程的信号集。它是由<span
+lang=EN-US>37-40</span>行的位标志定义的。</p>
 
-<p class=a style='text-indent:20.0pt'><span lang=EN-US>// sa_restorer</span>�ǻָ�����ָ�룬�ɺ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>Libc</span>�ṩ�����������û�̬��ջ���μ�<span lang=EN-US>signal.c</span>��</p>
+<p class=a style='text-indent:20.0pt'><span lang=EN-US>// sa_restorer</span>是恢复函数指针，由函数库<span
+lang=EN-US>Libc</span>提供，用于清理用户态堆栈。参见<span lang=EN-US>signal.c</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���⣬���𴥷��źŴ������ź�Ҳ��������������ʹ����<span
-lang=EN-US>SA_NOMASK</span>��־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>另外，引起触发信号处理的信号也将被阻塞，除非使用了<span
+lang=EN-US>SA_NOMASK</span>标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>sigaction</span></u> {</span></p>
@@ -80473,26 +80473,26 @@ void (*sa_restorer)(void);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>signal</span>����������Ϊ�ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>_sig</span>��װһ�µ��źŴ��������źž��������<span lang=EN-US>sigaction()</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面<span lang=EN-US>signal</span>函数用于是为信号<span
+lang=EN-US>_sig</span>安装一新的信号处理程序（信号句柄），与<span lang=EN-US>sigaction()</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ơ��ú�����������������ָ����Ҫ������ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>_sig</span>������һ���������޷���ֵ�ĺ���ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>类似。该函数含有两个参数：指定需要捕获的信号<span
+lang=EN-US>_sig</span>；具有一个参数且无返回值的函数指针</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // _func</span>���ú�������ֵҲ�Ǿ���һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>int</span>���������һ��<span lang=EN-US>(int)</span>�����޷���ֵ�ĺ���ָ�룬����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // _func</span>。该函数返回值也是具有一个<span
+lang=EN-US>int</span>参数（最后一个<span lang=EN-US>(int)</span>）且无返回值的函数指针，它是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������źŵ�ԭ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>处理该信号的原处理句柄。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>
 void (*signal(int _sig, void (*_func)(int)))(int);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������ڷ����źš�<span
-lang=EN-US>kill() </span>�������κν��̻�����鷢���źš�<span lang=EN-US>raise()</span>������ǰ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面两函数用于发送信号。<span
+lang=EN-US>kill() </span>用于向任何进程或进程组发送信号。<span lang=EN-US>raise()</span>用于向当前进</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������źš������õȼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>kill(getpid(),sig)</span>���μ�<span lang=EN-US>kernel/exit.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>60</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程自身发送信号。其作用等价于<span
+lang=EN-US>kill(getpid(),sig)</span>。参见<span lang=EN-US>kernel/exit.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>60</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>raise</span></u>(int sig);</span></p>
@@ -80501,39 +80501,39 @@ lang=EN-US>60</span>�С�</p>
 <u><span style='color:blue'>kill</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>pid_t</span></u>
 pid, int sig);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڽ��̵�����ṹ�У�����һ���Ա���λ��ʾ��ǰ���̴�������<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>λ�ź��ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>signal</span>���⣬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在进程的任务结构中，除有一个以比特位表示当前进程待处理的<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>位信号字段<span lang=EN-US>signal</span>以外，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һ��ͬ���Ա���λ��ʾ���������ν��̵�ǰ�����źż��������źż������ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>blocked</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>还有一个同样以比特位表示的用于屏蔽进程当前阻塞信号集（屏蔽信号集）的字段<span
+lang=EN-US>blocked</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ҳ��<span lang=EN-US>32</span>λ��ÿ�����ش���һ����Ӧ�������źš��޸Ľ��̵������źż�����������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>也是<span lang=EN-US>32</span>位，每个比特代表一个对应的阻塞信号。修改进程的屏蔽信号集可以阻塞或解除阻塞</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ�����źš� ������������������ڲ������������źż�����Ȼ��ʵ�������ܼ򵥣���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>所指定的信号。 以下五个函数就是用于操作进程屏蔽信号集，虽然简单实现起来很简单，但</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���汾�ں��л�δʵ�֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>本版本内核中还未实现。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>sigaddset()
-</span>�� <span lang=EN-US>sigdelset() </span>���ڶ��źż��е��źŽ�������ɾ�޸ġ� <span
-lang=EN-US>sigaddset()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数<span lang=EN-US>sigaddset()
+</span>和 <span lang=EN-US>sigdelset() </span>用于对信号集中的信号进行增、删修改。 <span
+lang=EN-US>sigaddset()</span>用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>mask</span>ָ����źż�������ָ�����ź�<span
-lang=EN-US>signo</span>��<span lang=EN-US>sigdelset</span>��֮������<span
-lang=EN-US>sigemptyset()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于向<span lang=EN-US>mask</span>指向的信号集中增加指定的信号<span
+lang=EN-US>signo</span>。<span lang=EN-US>sigdelset</span>则反之。函数<span
+lang=EN-US>sigemptyset()</span>和</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sigfillset() </span>���ڳ�ʼ�����������źż���
-ÿ��������ʹ���źż�ǰ������Ҫʹ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sigfillset() </span>用于初始化进程屏蔽信号集。
+每个程序在使用信号集前，都需要使用这两个函</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��֮һ�������źż����г�ʼ���� <span
-lang=EN-US>sigemptyset()</span>����������ε������źţ�Ҳ����Ӧ���е�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数之一对屏蔽信号集进行初始化。 <span
+lang=EN-US>sigemptyset()</span>用于清空屏蔽的所有信号，也即响应所有的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�źš�<span lang=EN-US>sigfillset()</span>���źż������������źţ�Ҳ�����������źš���Ȼ
-<span lang=EN-US>SIGINT</span>�� <span lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号。<span lang=EN-US>sigfillset()</span>向信号集中置入所有信号，也即屏蔽所有信号。当然
+<span lang=EN-US>SIGINT</span>和 <span lang=EN-US>SIGSTOP</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ǲ��ܱ����εġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是不能被屏蔽的。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sigismember()</span>���ڲ���һ��ָ���ź��Ƿ����źż��У�<span
-lang=EN-US>1 - </span>�ǣ�<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>���ǣ�<span lang=EN-US>-1 - </span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sigismember()</span>用于测试一个指定信号是否在信号集中（<span
+lang=EN-US>1 - </span>是，<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>不是，<span lang=EN-US>-1 - </span>出错）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sigaddset</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>sigset_t</span></u>
@@ -80555,41 +80555,41 @@ style='color:blue'>sigset_t</span></u> *mask);</span></p>
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sigismember</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>sigset_t</span></u>
 *mask, int signo); <b><i>/* 1 - is, 0 - not, -1 error */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>set</span>�е��źŽ��м�⣬���Ƿ��й�����źš���<span
-lang=EN-US>set</span>�з��ؽ����е�ǰ���������źż���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对<span lang=EN-US>set</span>中的信号进行检测，看是否有挂起的信号。在<span
+lang=EN-US>set</span>中返回进程中当前被阻塞的信号集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sigpending</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>sigset_t</span></u>
 *set);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���溯�����ڸı����Ŀǰ���������źż����ź������룩����<span
-lang=EN-US>oldset</span>����<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>����ͨ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面函数用于改变进程目前被阻塞的信号集（信号屏蔽码）。若<span
+lang=EN-US>oldset</span>不是<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，则通过其</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ؽ��̵�ǰ�����źż�����<span
-lang=EN-US>set</span>ָ�벻��<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>how</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>41-43</span>�У�ָʾ�޸Ľ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回进程当前屏蔽信号集。若<span
+lang=EN-US>set</span>指针不是<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，则根据<span lang=EN-US>how</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>41-43</span>行）指示修改进程屏蔽</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�źż���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号集。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sigprocmask</span></u>(int how, <u><span
 style='color:blue'>sigset_t</span></u> *set, <u><span style='color:blue'>sigset_t</span></u>
 *oldset);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���溯����<span lang=EN-US>
-sigmask </span>��ʱ�滻���̵��ź�������<span lang=EN-US>,</span>Ȼ����ͣ�ý���ֱ���յ�һ���źš�����׽</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面函数用<span lang=EN-US>
+sigmask </span>临时替换进程的信号屏蔽码<span lang=EN-US>,</span>然后暂停该进程直到收到一个信号。若捕捉</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ĳһ�źŲ��Ӹ��źŴ��������з��أ���ú���Ҳ���أ������ź��������ָ������õ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>到某一信号并从该信号处理程序中返回，则该函数也返回，并且信号屏蔽码会恢复到调用调用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ǰ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>前的值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sigsuspend</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>sigset_t</span></u>
 *sigmask);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sigaction() </span>�������ڸı�������յ�ָ���ź�ʱ����ȡ���ж������ı��źŵĴ�������ܡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // sigaction() </span>函数用于改变进程在收到指定信号时所采取的行动，即改变信号的处理句柄能。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�μ���<span lang=EN-US>kernel/signal.c</span>�����˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参见对<span lang=EN-US>kernel/signal.c</span>程序的说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>sigaction</span></u>(int sig, struct <u><span
@@ -80619,7 +80619,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448039"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447443"></a><a name="_Toc53320661"><span lang=EN-US>14.7 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-7 linux/include/stdarg.h</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-7 linux/include/stdarg.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -80636,8 +80636,8 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-7 linux/
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>3</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u>
-typedef char *<u><span style='color:blue'>va_list</span></u>;&nbsp; // </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>va_list</span>��һ���ַ�ָ�����͡�</p>
+typedef char *<u><span style='color:blue'>va_list</span></u>;&nbsp; // </span>定义<span
+lang=EN-US>va_list</span>是一个字符指针类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -80647,16 +80647,16 @@ Amount of space required in an argument list for an arg of type TYPE.</i></b></s
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;TYPE
 may alternatively be an expression whose type is used.&nbsp; */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>�������������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>TYPE</span>��<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>�����б���Ҫ��Ŀռ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;/* </span>下面给出了类型为<span
+lang=EN-US>TYPE</span>的<span lang=EN-US>arg</span>参数列表所要求的空间容量。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; TYPE</span>Ҳ������ʹ�ø����͵�һ������ʽ<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; TYPE</span>也可以是使用该类型的一个表达式<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������䶨����ȡ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>TYPE</span>���͵��ֽڳ���ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>int</span>����<span lang=EN-US>(4)</span>�ı�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面这句定义了取整后的<span
+lang=EN-US>TYPE</span>类型的字节长度值。是<span lang=EN-US>int</span>长度<span lang=EN-US>(4)</span>的倍数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__va_rounded_size</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -80668,32 +80668,32 @@ sizeof (int)) * sizeof (int))</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ʼ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>AP</span>��ʹ��ָ�򴫸������Ŀɱ�������ĵ�һ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面这个宏初始化指针<span
+lang=EN-US>AP</span>，使其指向传给函数的可变参数表的第一个参数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵ�һ�ε���<span
-lang=EN-US>va_arg</span>��<span lang=EN-US>va_end</span>֮ǰ���������ȵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>va_start</span>�ꡣ����<span lang=EN-US>LASTARG</span>�Ǻ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在第一次调用<span
+lang=EN-US>va_arg</span>或<span lang=EN-US>va_end</span>之前，必须首先调用<span
+lang=EN-US>va_start</span>宏。参数<span lang=EN-US>LASTARG</span>是函数定义</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ұ߲����ı�ʶ������<span
-lang=EN-US>'...'</span>��ߵ�һ����ʶ����<span lang=EN-US>AP</span>�ǿɱ����������ָ�룬<span
-lang=EN-US>LASTARG</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中最右边参数的标识符，即<span
+lang=EN-US>'...'</span>左边的一个标识符。<span lang=EN-US>AP</span>是可变参数表参数指针，<span
+lang=EN-US>LASTARG</span>是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���һ��ָ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>&amp;(LASTARG) </span>����ȡ���ַ������ָ�룩�����Ҹ�ָ�����ַ����͡�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后一个指定参数。<span
+lang=EN-US>&amp;(LASTARG) </span>用于取其地址（即其指针），并且该指针是字符类型。加上</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // LASTARG</span>�Ŀ���ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>AP</span>���ǿɱ�������е�һ��������ָ�롣�ú�û�з���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // LASTARG</span>的宽度值后<span
+lang=EN-US>AP</span>就是可变参数表中第一个参数的指针。该宏没有返回值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>17</span>���ϵĺ���
-<span lang=EN-US>__builtin_saveregs() </span>����<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>�Ŀ����<span
-lang=EN-US>libgcc2.c</span>�ж���ģ����ڱ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>17</span>行上的函数
+<span lang=EN-US>__builtin_saveregs() </span>是在<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>的库程序<span
+lang=EN-US>libgcc2.c</span>中定义的，用于保存</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ĵ����� ���˵���μ� <span
-lang=EN-US>gcc</span>�ֲᡰ<span lang=EN-US>Target Description Macros</span>�����С�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>寄存器。 相关说明参见 <span
+lang=EN-US>gcc</span>手册“<span lang=EN-US>Target Description Macros</span>”章中“<span
 lang=EN-US>Implementing the</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Varargs Macros</span>��С�ڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Varargs Macros</span>”小节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
 #ifndef __sparc__</span></p>
@@ -80729,15 +80729,15 @@ AP = ((char *) &amp;(LASTARG) + <u><span style='color:blue'>__va_rounded_size</s
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ú����ڱ����ú������һ���������ء�<span
-lang=EN-US>va_end</span>�����޸�<span lang=EN-US>AP</span>ʹ�������µ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面该宏用于被调用函数完成一次正常返回。<span
+lang=EN-US>va_end</span>可以修改<span lang=EN-US>AP</span>使其在重新调用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // va_start</span>֮ǰ���ܱ�ʹ�á�<span
-lang=EN-US>va_end</span>������<span lang=EN-US>va_arg</span>�������еĲ������ٱ����á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // va_start</span>之前不能被使用。<span
+lang=EN-US>va_end</span>必须在<span lang=EN-US>va_arg</span>读完所有的参数后再被调用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>va_end</span></u> (<u><span style='color:blue'>va_list</span></u>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* Defined in gnulib */</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>��<span lang=EN-US>gnulib</span>�ж���<span
+<b><i>/* Defined in gnulib */</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>在<span lang=EN-US>gnulib</span>中定义<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
@@ -80745,19 +80745,19 @@ lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������չ����ʽʹ������һ�������ݲ���������ͬ�����ͺ�ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面宏用于扩展表达式使其与下一个被传递参数具有相同的类型和值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ȱʡֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>va_arg </span>�������ַ����޷����ַ��͸������͡��ڵ�һ��ʹ�� <span lang=EN-US>va_arg</span>ʱ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于缺省值，<span
+lang=EN-US>va_arg </span>可以用字符、无符号字符和浮点类型。在第一次使用 <span lang=EN-US>va_arg</span>时，它返</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ر��еĵ�һ��������������ÿ�ε��ö������ر��е���һ������������ͨ���ȷ���<span
-lang=EN-US>AP</span>��Ȼ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回表中的第一个参数，后续的每次调用都将返回表中的下一个参数。这是通过先访问<span
+lang=EN-US>AP</span>，然</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ֵ��ָ����һ����ʵ�ֵġ�<span
-lang=EN-US>va_arg </span>ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>TYPE </span>����ɷ��ʺͶ�λ��һ�ÿ����һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>后增加其值以指向下一项来实现的。<span
+lang=EN-US>va_arg </span>使用<span lang=EN-US>TYPE </span>来完成访问和定位下一项，每调用一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>va_arg</span>�������޸�<span
-lang=EN-US>AP</span>��ָʾ���е���һ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>次<span lang=EN-US>va_arg</span>，它就修改<span
+lang=EN-US>AP</span>以指示表中的下一参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>va_arg</span></u>(AP, <u><span
@@ -80796,7 +80796,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448040"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447444"></a><a name="_Toc53320662"><span lang=EN-US>14.8 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-8 linux/include/stddef.h</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-8 linux/include/stddef.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -80821,7 +80821,7 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-8 linux/
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u>
 typedef long <u><span style='color:blue'>ptrdiff_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>����ָ�������������͡�</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>两个指针相减结果的类型。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 #endif</span></p>
@@ -80837,7 +80837,7 @@ typedef long <u><span style='color:blue'>ptrdiff_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
 typedef unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>size_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// sizeof</span><span style='font-family:����'>���ص����͡�</span></p>
+// sizeof</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>返回的类型。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
 #endif</span></p>
@@ -80850,26 +80850,26 @@ typedef unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>size_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u> ((void *)0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ָ�롣</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>空指针。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���涨����һ������ĳ��Ա��������ƫ��λ�õĺꡣʹ�øú����ȷ��һ����Ա���ֶΣ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面定义了一个计算某成员在类型中偏移位置的宏。使用该宏可以确定一个成员（字段）在</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������Ľṹ�����дӽṹ��ʼ��������ֽ�ƫ��������Ľ��������Ϊ</span> <span
-lang=EN-US>size_t </span><span style='font-family:����'>��������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>包含它的结构类型中从结构开始处算起的字节偏移量。宏的结果是类型为</span> <span
+lang=EN-US>size_t </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>的整数常</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ʽ��������һ�������÷���</span><span lang=EN-US>((TYPE *)0)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ǽ�һ������</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����Ͷ�䣨</span><span lang=EN-US>type cast</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>数表达式。这里是一个技巧用法。</span><span lang=EN-US>((TYPE *)0)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>是将一个整数</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>类型投射（</span><span lang=EN-US>type cast</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）成数</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ݶ���ָ�����ͣ�Ȼ���ڸý���Ͻ������㡣</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>据对象指针类型，然后在该结果上进行运算。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>offsetof</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -80901,7 +80901,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448041"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447445"></a><a name="_Toc53320663"><span lang=EN-US>14.9 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-9 linux/include/string.h</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-9 linux/include/string.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -80980,18 +80980,18 @@ used through-out, making for &quot;slightly&quot; unclear code :-)</i></b></span
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����ַ���ͷ�ļ�����Ƕ��������ʽ�����������ַ�������������ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>gcc</span>ʱ��ͬʱ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>这个字符串头文件以内嵌函数的形式定义了所有字符串操作函数。使用<span
+lang=EN-US>gcc</span>时，同时</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ٶ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ds=es=</span>���ݿռ䣬��Ӧ���ǳ���ġ���������ַ����������Ǿ��ֹ����д���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>假定了<span
+lang=EN-US>ds=es=</span>数据空间，这应该是常规的。绝大多数字符串函数都是经手工进行大量</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�Ż��ģ������Ǻ���<span
-lang=EN-US>strtok</span>��<span lang=EN-US>strstr</span>��<span lang=EN-US>str[c]spn</span>������Ӧ����������������ȴ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>优化的，尤其是函数<span
+lang=EN-US>strtok</span>、<span lang=EN-US>strstr</span>、<span lang=EN-US>str[c]spn</span>。它们应该能正常工作，但却不是那</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ô�������⡣���еĲ��������϶���ʹ�üĴ���������ɵģ���ʹ�ú������������ࡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>么容易理解。所有的操作基本上都是使用寄存器集来完成的，这使得函数即快又整洁。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���еط���ʹ�����ַ���ָ�����ʹ�ô��롰��΢����������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>所有地方都使用了字符串指令，这又使得代码“稍微”难以理解<span
 lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
@@ -81005,15 +81005,15 @@ lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>&nbsp;
 </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��һ���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(src)</span>��������һ���ַ���<span lang=EN-US>(dest)</span>��ֱ������<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�ַ���ֹͣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>将一个字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>(src)</span>拷贝到另一个字符串<span lang=EN-US>(dest)</span>，直到遇到<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>字符后停止。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>dest
-- </span>Ŀ���ַ���ָ�룬<span lang=EN-US>src - </span>Դ�ַ���ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>dest
+- </span>目的字符串指针，<span lang=EN-US>src - </span>源字符串指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - esi(src)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - edi(dest)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - esi(src)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - edi(dest)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 extern inline char * <u><span style='color:blue'>strcpy</span></u>(char *
@@ -81023,49 +81023,49 @@ dest,const char *src)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;1:\tlodsb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>DS:[esi]</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽ�<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>esi</span>��</p>
+// </span>加载<span lang=EN-US>DS:[esi]</span>处<span lang=EN-US>1</span>字节<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>，并更新<span
+lang=EN-US>esi</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;stosb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�洢�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>al</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
-Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ES:[edi]</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>��</p>
+// </span>存储字节<span lang=EN-US>al</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
+Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>ES:[edi]</span>，并更新<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;testb %%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�մ洢���ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+// </span>刚存储的字节是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>？</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;jne 1b&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����������ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������������</p>
+// </span>不是则向后跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>处，否则结束。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ::<i>&quot;S&quot;</i> (src),<i>&quot;D&quot;</i> (dest):<i>&quot;si&quot;</i>,<i>&quot;di&quot;</i>,<i>&quot;ax&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u> return
 dest;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ŀ���ַ���ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>返回目的字符串指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����Դ�ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>���ֽڵ�Ŀ���ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>拷贝源字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>个字节到目的字符串。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Դ������С��<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>���ֽڣ��͸��ӿ��ַ�<span lang=EN-US>(NULL)</span>��Ŀ���ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果源串长度小于<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>个字节，就附加空字符<span lang=EN-US>(NULL)</span>到目的字符串。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>dest
-- </span>Ŀ���ַ���ָ�룬<span lang=EN-US>src - </span>Դ�ַ���ָ�룬<span lang=EN-US>count - </span>�����ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>dest
+- </span>目的字符串指针，<span lang=EN-US>src - </span>源字符串指针，<span lang=EN-US>count - </span>拷贝字节数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - esi(src)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - edi(dest)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 - ecx(count)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - esi(src)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - edi(dest)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2 - ecx(count)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
 extern inline char * <u><span style='color:blue'>strncpy</span></u>(char *
@@ -81075,38 +81075,38 @@ dest,const char *src,int <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>)</span></p
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;1:\tdecl %2\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US>ecx--</span>��<span lang=EN-US>count--</span>����</p>
+// </span>寄存器<span lang=EN-US>ecx--</span>（<span lang=EN-US>count--</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;js 2f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���<span lang=EN-US>count&lt;0</span>����ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��������</p>
+// </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>count&lt;0</span>则向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，结束。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;lodsb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽ�<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>esi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>取<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span>处<span lang=EN-US>1</span>字节<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>esi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;stosb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�洢���ֽ�<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>������<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>存储该字节<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>，并且<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;testb %%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+// </span>该字节是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>？</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;jne 1b\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ǣ�����ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������������</p>
+// </span>不是，则向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>处继续拷贝。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;rep\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������Ŀ�Ĵ��д��ʣ������Ŀ��ַ���</p>
+// </span>否则，在目的串中存放剩余个数的空字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;stosb\n&quot;</i></span></p>
@@ -81120,20 +81120,20 @@ style='color:blue'>count</span></u>):<i>&quot;si&quot;</i>,<i>&quot;di&quot;</i>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 return dest;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ŀ���ַ���ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>返回目的字符串指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��Դ�ַ���������Ŀ���ַ�����ĩβ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>将源字符串拷贝到目的字符串的末尾处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>dest
-- </span>Ŀ���ַ���ָ�룬<span lang=EN-US>src - </span>Դ�ַ���ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>dest
+- </span>目的字符串指针，<span lang=EN-US>src - </span>源字符串指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - esi(src)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - edi(dest)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 - eax(0)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(-1)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - esi(src)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - edi(dest)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2 - eax(0)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(-1)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>
 extern inline char * <u><span style='color:blue'>strcat</span></u>(char *
@@ -81143,39 +81143,39 @@ dest,const char * src)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>
 __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;repne\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>al</span>��<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>�ֽڣ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>比较<span lang=EN-US>al</span>与<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>字节，并更新<span
+lang=EN-US>edi++</span>，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;scasb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ֱ���ҵ�Ŀ�Ĵ�����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>���ֽڣ���ʱ<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>��ָ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>直到找到目的串中是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>的字节，此时<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>已指向后<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;decl %1\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ�ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>让<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>指向<span lang=EN-US>0</span>值字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;1:\tlodsb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡԴ�ַ����ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>esi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>取源字符串字节<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>，并<span
+lang=EN-US>esi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;stosb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�����ֽڴ浽<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>����<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+</span>将该字节存到<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>，并<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;testb %%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+// </span>该字节是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>？</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;jne 1b&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ǣ��������ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���������������������</p>
+// </span>不是，则向后跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>处继续拷贝，否则结束。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ::<i>&quot;S&quot;</i> (src),<i>&quot;D&quot;</i> (dest),<i>&quot;a&quot;</i>
@@ -81183,21 +81183,21 @@ lang=EN-US>esi++</span>��</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>
 return dest;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ŀ���ַ���ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>返回目的字符串指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��Դ�ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>count</span>���ֽڸ��Ƶ�Ŀ���ַ�����ĩβ���������һ���ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>将源字符串的<span
+lang=EN-US>count</span>个字节复制到目的字符串的末尾处，最后添一空字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>dest
-- </span>Ŀ���ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>src - </span>Դ�ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>count - </span>�����Ƶ��ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>dest
+- </span>目的字符串，<span lang=EN-US>src - </span>源字符串，<span lang=EN-US>count - </span>欲复制的字节数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - esi(src)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - edi(dest)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 - eax(0)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(-1)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%4 - (count)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - esi(src)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - edi(dest)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2 - eax(0)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(-1)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%4 - (count)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>
 extern inline char * <u><span style='color:blue'>strncat</span></u>(char *
@@ -81207,59 +81207,59 @@ dest,const char * src,int <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>)</span></
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>
 __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;repne\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>al</span>��<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>�ֽڣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>比较<span lang=EN-US>al</span>与<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>字节，<span
+lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;scasb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ֱ���ҵ�Ŀ�Ĵ���ĩ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ�ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>直到找到目的串的末端<span lang=EN-US>0</span>值字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;decl %1\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-edi</span>ָ���<span lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ�ֽڡ�</p>
+edi</span>指向该<span lang=EN-US>0</span>值字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;movl %4,%3\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ֽ���<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��</p>
+// </span>欲复制字节数<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US>ecx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;1:\tdecl %3\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ecx--</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʼ��������</p>
+// ecx--</span>（从<span lang=EN-US>0</span>开始计数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;js 2f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ecx &lt;0 ?</span>��������ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����</p>
+// ecx &lt;0 ?</span>，是则向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>2</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;lodsb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ȡ<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span>�����ֽ�<span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>esi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>否则取<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span>处的字节<span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>esi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;stosb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�洢��<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>����<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>存储到<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>处，<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;testb %%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ֽ�ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+// </span>该字节值为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>？</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;jne 1b\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����������ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����������ơ�</p>
+// </span>不是则向后跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>处，继续复制。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;2:\txorl %2,%2\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>al</span>���㡣</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>al</span>清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>&quot;stosb&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�浽<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>����</p>
+// </span>存到<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ::<i>&quot;S&quot;</i> (src),<i>&quot;D&quot;</i> (dest),<i>&quot;a&quot;</i>
@@ -81271,32 +81271,32 @@ style='color:blue'>count</span></u>)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>
 return dest;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ŀ���ַ���ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>返回目的字符串指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u> }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��һ���ַ�������һ���ַ������бȽϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>将一个字符串与另一个字符串进行比较。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>cs
-- </span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ct - </span>�ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>cs
+- </span>字符串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，<span lang=EN-US>ct - </span>字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(__res)</span>����ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - edi(cs)</span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ָ�룬<span lang=EN-US>%2
-- esi(ct)</span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(__res)</span>返回值，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - edi(cs)</span>字符串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>指针，<span lang=EN-US>%2
+- esi(ct)</span>字符串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ������<span
-lang=EN-US>1 &gt; </span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>1 = </span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>1 &lt; </span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：如果串<span
+lang=EN-US>1 &gt; </span>串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，则返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>；串<span
+lang=EN-US>1 = </span>串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>；串<span
+lang=EN-US>1 &lt; </span>串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，则返回<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>90</span>�ж�����һ���ֲ��Ĵ����������ñ�������������<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>�Ĵ����У��Ա��ڸ�Ч���ʺͲ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>90</span>行定义了一个局部寄存器变量。该变量将被保存在<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>寄存器中，以便于高效访问和操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ֶ�������ķ�����Ҫ������Ƕ�������С���ϸ˵���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>gcc</span>�ֲ�<span lang=EN-US>��</span>ָ���Ĵ����еı���<span lang=EN-US>��</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这种定义变量的方法主要用于内嵌汇编程序中。详细说明参见<span
+lang=EN-US>gcc</span>手册<span lang=EN-US>“</span>指定寄存器中的变量<span lang=EN-US>”</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>
 extern inline int <u><span style='color:blue'>strcmp</span></u>(const char *
@@ -81305,58 +81305,58 @@ cs,const char * ct)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>
-register int __res __asm__(<i>&quot;ax&quot;</i>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // __res</span>�ǼĴ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>(eax)</span>��</p>
+register int __res __asm__(<i>&quot;ax&quot;</i>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // __res</span>是寄存器变量<span
+lang=EN-US>(eax)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>
 __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;1:\tlodsb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>esi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>取字符串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的字节<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>esi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;scasb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// al</span>���ַ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>���Ƚϣ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// al</span>与字符串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的字节<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>作比较，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;jne 2f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ȣ�����ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+// </span>如果不相等，则向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>2</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;testb %%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ�ֽ����ַ�����β����</p>
+// </span>该字节是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>值字节吗（字符串结尾）？</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;jne 1b\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ǣ��������ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������Ƚϡ�</p>
+// </span>不是，则向后跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，继续比较。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>&quot;xorl %%eax,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ǣ��򷵻�ֵ<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>���㣬</p>
+// </span>是，则返回值<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>清零，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;jmp 3f\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>��������</p>
+// </span>向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>3</span>，结束。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<i>&quot;2:\tmovl $1,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // eax</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<i>&quot;2:\tmovl $1,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // eax</span>中置<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jl
 3f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ��Ƚ��д�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ַ�<span lang=EN-US>&lt;</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ַ����򷵻���ֵ������</p>
+// </span>若前面比较中串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字符<span lang=EN-US>&lt;</span>串<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>字符，则返回正值结束。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;negl
 %%eax\n&quot;</i>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>����<span lang=EN-US>eax = -eax</span>�����ظ�ֵ��������</p>
+</span>否则<span lang=EN-US>eax = -eax</span>，返回负值，结束。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>102</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;3:&quot;</i></span></p>
@@ -81367,7 +81367,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;=a&quot;</
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> return __res;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���رȽϽ����</p>
+// </span>返回比较结果。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -81375,21 +81375,21 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��ǰ<span lang=EN-US>count</span>���ַ����бȽϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>字符串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>与字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的前<span lang=EN-US>count</span>个字符进行比较。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>cs
-- </span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ct - </span>�ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>count - </span>�Ƚϵ��ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>cs
+- </span>字符串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，<span lang=EN-US>ct - </span>字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>，<span lang=EN-US>count - </span>比较的字符数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// %0 - eax(__res)</span>����ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - edi(cs)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ָ�룬<span lang=EN-US>%2
-- esi(ct)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>ָ�룬<span lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(count)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// %0 - eax(__res)</span>返回值，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - edi(cs)</span>串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>指针，<span lang=EN-US>%2
+- esi(ct)</span>串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>指针，<span lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(count)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ������<span
-lang=EN-US>1 &gt; </span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>1 = </span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>1 &lt; </span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：如果串<span
+lang=EN-US>1 &gt; </span>串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，则返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>；串<span
+lang=EN-US>1 = </span>串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>；串<span
+lang=EN-US>1 &lt; </span>串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，则返回<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>107</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern inline int <u><span style='color:blue'>strncmp</span></u>(const
@@ -81400,72 +81400,72 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>109</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> register int __res __asm__(<i>&quot;ax&quot;</i>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// __res</span>�ǼĴ�������<span lang=EN-US>(eax)</span>��</p>
+// __res</span>是寄存器变量<span lang=EN-US>(eax)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>111</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;1:\tdecl
 %3\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// count--</span>��</p>
+// count--</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>112</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;js
 2f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���<span lang=EN-US>count&lt;0</span>������ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+// </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>count&lt;0</span>，则向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>2</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;lodsb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���ַ�<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>esi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>取串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的字符<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>esi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>&quot;scasb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>al</span>�봮<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>������<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>比较<span lang=EN-US>al</span>与串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的字符<span
+lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>，并且<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>115</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jne
 3f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ȣ�����ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>��</p>
+// </span>如果不相等，则向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>3</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;testb
-%%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�ַ���</p>
+%%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该字符是<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>字符吗？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jne
 1b\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ǣ��������ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������Ƚϡ�</p>
+// </span>不是，则向后跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，继续比较。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>&quot;2:\txorl
-%%eax,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>���㣨����ֵ����</p>
+%%eax,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>字符，则<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>清零（返回值）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jmp
 4f\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>4</span>��������</p>
+// </span>向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>4</span>，结束。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>120</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;3:\tmovl
-$1,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // eax</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+$1,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // eax</span>中置<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>121</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jl
 4f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ǰ��Ƚ��д�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ַ�<span lang=EN-US>&lt;</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ַ����򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������</p>
+// </span>如果前面比较中串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字符<span lang=EN-US>&lt;</span>串<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>字符，则返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>结束。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;negl %%eax\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>eax = -eax</span>�����ظ�ֵ��������</p>
+// </span>否则<span lang=EN-US>eax = -eax</span>，返回负值，结束。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>123</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;4:&quot;</i></span></p>
@@ -81477,7 +81477,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;=a&quot;</
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>125</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> return __res;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���رȽϽ����</p>
+// </span>返回比较结果。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>126</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -81485,16 +81485,16 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>127</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ַ�����Ѱ�ҵ�һ��ƥ����ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>在字符串中寻找第一个匹配的字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>s
-- </span>�ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>c - </span>��Ѱ�ҵ��ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>s
+- </span>字符串，<span lang=EN-US>c - </span>欲寻找的字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(__res)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - esi(</span>�ַ���ָ��<span lang=EN-US>s)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2
-- eax(</span>�ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(__res)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - esi(</span>字符串指针<span lang=EN-US>s)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2
+- eax(</span>字符<span lang=EN-US>c)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ������ַ����е�һ�γ���ƥ���ַ���ָ�롣��û���ҵ�ƥ����ַ����򷵻ؿ�ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：返回字符串中第一次出现匹配字符的指针。若没有找到匹配的字符，则返回空指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>128</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern inline char * <u><span style='color:blue'>strchr</span></u>(const
@@ -81504,58 +81504,58 @@ char * s,char c)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> register char * __res __asm__(<i>&quot;ax&quot;</i>); // __res</span>�ǼĴ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>(eax)</span>��</p>
+lang=EN-US> register char * __res __asm__(<i>&quot;ax&quot;</i>); // __res</span>是寄存器变量<span
+lang=EN-US>(eax)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>131</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>132</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movb
 %%al,%%ah\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����Ƚ��ַ��Ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>��</p>
+// </span>将欲比较字符移到<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;1:\tlodsb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ�ַ������ַ�<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>esi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>取字符串中字符<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>esi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;cmpb
-%%ah,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ������ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>al</span>��ָ���ַ�<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>��Ƚϡ�</p>
+%%ah,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串中字符<span
+lang=EN-US>al</span>与指定字符<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>相比较。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>135</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
 2f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ȣ�����ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����</p>
+// </span>若相等，则向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>2</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>136</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;testb
-%%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // al</span>���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�ַ��𣿣��ַ�����β����</p>
+%%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // al</span>中字符是<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>字符吗？（字符串结尾？）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jne
 1b\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ǣ��������ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������Ƚϡ�</p>
+// </span>若不是，则向后跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，继续比较。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
 $1,%1\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ǣ���˵��û���ҵ�ƥ���ַ���<span lang=EN-US>esi</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+// </span>是，则说明没有找到匹配字符，<span lang=EN-US>esi</span>置<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;2:\tmovl
-%1,%0\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ��ƥ���ַ���һ���ֽڴ���ָ��ֵ����<span
+%1,%0\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将指向匹配字符后一个字节处的指针值放入<span
 lang=EN-US>eax</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;decl
 %0&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ָ�����Ϊָ��ƥ����ַ���</p>
+// </span>将指针调整为指向匹配的字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;=a&quot;</i>
@@ -81563,7 +81563,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;=a&quot;</
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> return __res;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>返回指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -81571,16 +81571,16 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>144</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>Ѱ���ַ�����ָ���ַ����һ�γ��ֵĵط��������������ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>寻找字符串中指定字符最后一次出现的地方。（反向搜索字符串）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>s
-- </span>�ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>c - </span>��Ѱ�ҵ��ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>s
+- </span>字符串，<span lang=EN-US>c - </span>欲寻找的字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - edx(__res)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - edx(0)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 - esi(</span>�ַ���ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>s)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%3 - eax(</span>�ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - edx(__res)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - edx(0)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2 - esi(</span>字符串指针<span
+lang=EN-US>s)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%3 - eax(</span>字符<span lang=EN-US>c)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ������ַ��������һ�γ���ƥ���ַ���ָ�롣��û���ҵ�ƥ����ַ����򷵻ؿ�ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：返回字符串中最后一次出现匹配字符的指针。若没有找到匹配的字符，则返回空指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>145</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern inline char * <u><span style='color:blue'>strrchr</span></u>(const
@@ -81590,52 +81590,52 @@ char * s,char c)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> register char * __res __asm__(<i>&quot;dx&quot;</i>); // __res</span>�ǼĴ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>(edx)</span>��</p>
+lang=EN-US> register char * __res __asm__(<i>&quot;dx&quot;</i>); // __res</span>是寄存器变量<span
+lang=EN-US>(edx)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movb
 %%al,%%ah\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ѱ�ҵ��ַ��Ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>��</p>
+// </span>将欲寻找的字符移到<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;1:\tlodsb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ�ַ������ַ�<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>esi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>取字符串中字符<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>esi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>151</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;cmpb
-%%ah,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ������ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>al</span>��ָ���ַ�<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>���Ƚϡ�</p>
+%%ah,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符串中字符<span
+lang=EN-US>al</span>与指定字符<span lang=EN-US>ah</span>作比较。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jne
 2f\n\t&quot;</i> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>������ȣ�����ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����</p>
+</span>若不相等，则向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>2</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
 %%esi,%0\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-</span>���ַ�ָ�뱣�浽<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>�С�</p>
+</span>将字符指针保存到<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;decl
 %0\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ָ�����һλ��ָ���ַ�����ƥ���ַ�����</p>
+// </span>指针后退一位，指向字符串中匹配字符处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;2:\ttestb
-%%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƚϵ��ַ���<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�𣨵��ַ���β����</p>
+%%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>比较的字符是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>吗（到字符串尾）？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jne
 1b&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����������ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���������Ƚϡ�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>不是则向后跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>处，继续比较。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;=d&quot;</i>
@@ -81644,7 +81644,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;=d&quot;</
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> return __res;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>返回指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -81652,21 +81652,21 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ѱ�ҵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���ַ����У����ַ������е��κ��ַ����������ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>在字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>中寻找第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个字符序列，该字符序列中的任何字符都包含在字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>cs
-- </span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ָ�룬<span lang=EN-US>ct - </span>�ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>cs
+- </span>字符串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>指针，<span lang=EN-US>ct - </span>字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - esi(__res)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(0)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 - ecx(-1)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%3 - esi(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>cs)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%4 - (</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>ct)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - esi(__res)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(0)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2 - ecx(-1)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%3 - esi(</span>串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>指针<span lang=EN-US>cs)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%4 - (</span>串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>指针<span lang=EN-US>ct)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�а����ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>���κ��ַ����׸��ַ����еĳ���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回字符串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>中包含字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>中任何字符的首个字符序列的长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern inline int <u><span style='color:blue'>strspn</span></u>(const
@@ -81676,87 +81676,87 @@ char * cs, const char * ct)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> register char * __res __asm__(<i>&quot;si&quot;</i>); // __res</span>�ǼĴ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>(esi)</span>��</p>
+lang=EN-US> register char * __res __asm__(<i>&quot;si&quot;</i>); // __res</span>是寄存器变量<span
+lang=EN-US>(esi)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
 %4,%%edi\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-</span>���ȼ��㴮<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ��ȡ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>ָ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>edi</span>�С�</p>
+</span>首先计算串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度。串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>指针放入<span
+lang=EN-US>edi</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>166</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;repne\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>al(0)</span>�봮<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�е��ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>������<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>比较<span lang=EN-US>al(0)</span>与串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>中的字符（<span
+lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>），并<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>167</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;scasb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������Ⱦͼ����Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>(ecx</span>�𲽵ݼ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+// </span>如果不相等就继续比较<span lang=EN-US>(ecx</span>逐步递减<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;notl
 %%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-ecx</span>��ÿλȡ����</p>
+ecx</span>中每位取反。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>169</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;decl
 %%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ecx--</span>���ô�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ���ֵ��</p>
+// ecx--</span>，得串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
-%%ecx,%%edx\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ���ֵ�ݷ���<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>�С�</p>
+%%ecx,%%edx\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度值暂放入<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;1:\tlodsb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ַ�<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>esi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>取串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>字符<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>esi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>172</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;testb
-%%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ�𣨴�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��β����</p>
+%%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该字符等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>值吗（串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>结尾）？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>173</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
 2f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ǣ�����ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����</p>
+// </span>如果是，则向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>2</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>174</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
 %4,%%edi\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-</span>ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>ͷָ�����<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>�С�</p>
+</span>取串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>头指针放入<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
-%%edx,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ٽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ���ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>�С�</p>
+%%edx,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再将串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度值放入<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;repne\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>al</span>�봮<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>������<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>比较<span lang=EN-US>al</span>与串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>中字符<span
+lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>，并且<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>177</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;scasb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������Ⱦͼ����Ƚϡ�</p>
+// </span>如果不相等就继续比较。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>178</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
 1b\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ȣ��������ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+// </span>如果相等，则向后跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>179</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;2:\tdecl
 %0&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// esi--</span>��ָ�����һ�������ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�е��ַ���</p>
+// esi--</span>，指向最后一个包含在串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>中的字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>180</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;=S&quot;</i>
@@ -81768,7 +81768,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;ax&quot;</
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> return __res-cs;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ַ����еĳ���ֵ��</p>
+// </span>返回字符序列的长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>183</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -81776,20 +81776,20 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>184</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>Ѱ���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�в������ַ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���κ��ַ����׸��ַ����С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>寻找字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>中不包含字符串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>中任何字符的首个字符序列。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>cs
-- </span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ָ�룬<span lang=EN-US>ct - </span>�ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>cs
+- </span>字符串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>指针，<span lang=EN-US>ct - </span>字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - esi(__res)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(0)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 - ecx(-1)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%3 - esi(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>cs)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%4 - (</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>ct)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - esi(__res)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(0)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2 - ecx(-1)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%3 - esi(</span>串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>指针<span lang=EN-US>cs)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%4 - (</span>串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>指针<span lang=EN-US>ct)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�в������ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>���κ��ַ����׸��ַ����еĳ���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回字符串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>中不包含字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>中任何字符的首个字符序列的长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>185</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern inline int <u><span style='color:blue'>strcspn</span></u>(const
@@ -81799,86 +81799,86 @@ char * cs, const char * ct)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>187</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> register char * __res __asm__(<i>&quot;si&quot;</i>); // __res</span>�ǼĴ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>(esi)</span>��</p>
+lang=EN-US> register char * __res __asm__(<i>&quot;si&quot;</i>); // __res</span>是寄存器变量<span
+lang=EN-US>(esi)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
 %4,%%edi\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-</span>���ȼ��㴮<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ��ȡ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>ָ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>edi</span>�С�</p>
+</span>首先计算串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度。串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>指针放入<span
+lang=EN-US>edi</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;repne\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>al(0)</span>�봮<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�е��ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>������<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>比较<span lang=EN-US>al(0)</span>与串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>中的字符（<span
+lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>），并<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>191</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;scasb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������Ⱦͼ����Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>(ecx</span>�𲽵ݼ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+// </span>如果不相等就继续比较<span lang=EN-US>(ecx</span>逐步递减<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>192</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;notl
 %%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ecx</span>��ÿλȡ����</p>
+// ecx</span>中每位取反。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;decl %%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ecx--</span>���ô�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ���ֵ��</p>
+// ecx--</span>，得串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
-%%ecx,%%edx\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ���ֵ�ݷ���<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>�С�</p>
+%%ecx,%%edx\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度值暂放入<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>195</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;1:\tlodsb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ַ�<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>esi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>取串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>字符<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>esi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>196</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;testb
-%%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ�𣨴�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��β����</p>
+%%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该字符等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>值吗（串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>结尾）？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>197</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
 2f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>����ǣ�����ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����</p>
+</span>如果是，则向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>2</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>198</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
 %4,%%edi\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-</span>ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>ͷָ�����<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>�С�</p>
+</span>取串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>头指针放入<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>199</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
-%%edx,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ٽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ���ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>�С�</p>
+%%edx,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再将串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度值放入<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>200</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;repne\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>al</span>�봮<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>������<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>比较<span lang=EN-US>al</span>与串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>中字符<span
+lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>，并且<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>201</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;scasb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�������Ⱦͼ����Ƚϡ�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>如果不相等就继续比较。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>202</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jne
 1b\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ȣ��������ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+// </span>如果不相等，则向后跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>203</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;2:\tdecl
 %0&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// esi--</span>��ָ�����һ�������ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�е��ַ���</p>
+// esi--</span>，指向最后一个包含在串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>中的字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;=S&quot;</i>
@@ -81890,7 +81890,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;ax&quot;</
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>206</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> return __res-cs;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ַ����еĳ���ֵ��</p>
+// </span>返回字符序列的长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>207</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -81898,20 +81898,20 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>208</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ѱ���׸��������ַ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�е��κ��ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>在字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>中寻找首个包含在字符串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>中的任何字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>cs
-- </span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ָ�룬<span lang=EN-US>ct - </span>�ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>cs
+- </span>字符串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的指针，<span lang=EN-US>ct - </span>字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 -esi(__res)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 -eax(0)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 -ecx(0xffffffff)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%3 -esi(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>cs)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%4 -(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>ct)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 -esi(__res)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 -eax(0)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2 -ecx(0xffffffff)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%3 -esi(</span>串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>指针<span lang=EN-US>cs)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%4 -(</span>串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>指针<span lang=EN-US>ct)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���׸������ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>���ַ���ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回字符串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>中首个包含字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>中字符的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>209</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern inline char * <u><span style='color:blue'>strpbrk</span></u>(const
@@ -81921,96 +81921,96 @@ char * cs,const char * ct)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>211</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> register char * __res __asm__(<i>&quot;si&quot;</i>); // __res</span>�ǼĴ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>(esi)</span>��</p>
+lang=EN-US> register char * __res __asm__(<i>&quot;si&quot;</i>); // __res</span>是寄存器变量<span
+lang=EN-US>(esi)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>212</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
 %4,%%edi\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-</span>���ȼ��㴮<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ��ȡ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>ָ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>edi</span>�С�</p>
+</span>首先计算串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度。串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>指针放入<span
+lang=EN-US>edi</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>214</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;repne\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>al(0)</span>�봮<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�е��ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>������<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>比较<span lang=EN-US>al(0)</span>与串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>中的字符（<span
+lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>），并<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>215</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;scasb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������Ⱦͼ����Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>(ecx</span>�𲽵ݼ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+// </span>如果不相等就继续比较<span lang=EN-US>(ecx</span>逐步递减<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>216</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;notl
 %%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ecx</span>��ÿλȡ����</p>
+// ecx</span>中每位取反。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>217</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;decl
 %%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ecx--</span>���ô�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ���ֵ��</p>
+// ecx--</span>，得串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>218</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
-%%ecx,%%edx\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ���ֵ�ݷ���<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>�С�</p>
+%%ecx,%%edx\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度值暂放入<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>219</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;1:\tlodsb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ַ�<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>esi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>取串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>字符<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>esi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>220</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;testb
-%%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ�𣨴�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��β����</p>
+%%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该字符等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>值吗（串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>结尾）？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>221</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
 2f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ǣ�����ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����</p>
+// </span>如果是，则向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>2</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>222</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl %4,%%edi\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>ͷָ�����<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>�С�</p>
+// </span>取串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>头指针放入<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>223</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
-%%edx,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ٽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ���ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>�С�</p>
+%%edx,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再将串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度值放入<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>224</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;repne\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>al</span>�봮<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>������<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>比较<span lang=EN-US>al</span>与串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>中字符<span
+lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>，并且<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>225</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;scasb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������Ⱦͼ����Ƚϡ�</p>
+// </span>如果不相等就继续比较。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>226</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jne
 1b\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�������ȣ��������ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+</span>如果不相等，则向后跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>227</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;decl
 %0\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// esi--</span>��ָ��һ�������ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�е��ַ���</p>
+// esi--</span>，指向一个包含在串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>中的字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jmp
 3f\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>����</p>
+// </span>向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>3</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>229</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;2:\txorl
 %0,%0\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>û���ҵ����������ģ�������ֵΪ<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+// </span>没有找到符合条件的，将返回值为<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>230</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;3:&quot;</i></span></p>
@@ -82025,7 +82025,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;ax&quot;</
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>233</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> return __res;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ָ��ֵ��</p>
+// </span>返回指针值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>234</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -82033,20 +82033,20 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>235</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ѱ���׸�ƥ�������ַ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>在字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>中寻找首个匹配整个字符串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的字符串。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>cs
-- </span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ָ�룬<span lang=EN-US>ct - </span>�ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>cs
+- </span>字符串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的指针，<span lang=EN-US>ct - </span>字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 -eax(__res)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 -eax(0)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 -ecx(0xffffffff)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%3 -esi(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>cs)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%4 -(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>ct)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 -eax(__res)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 -eax(0)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2 -ecx(0xffffffff)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%3 -esi(</span>串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>指针<span lang=EN-US>cs)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%4 -(</span>串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>指针<span lang=EN-US>ct)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ������ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���׸�ƥ���ַ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���ַ���ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：返回字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>中首个匹配字符串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的字符串指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>236</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern inline char * <u><span style='color:blue'>strstr</span></u>(const
@@ -82056,32 +82056,32 @@ char * cs,const char * ct)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>238</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> register char * __res __asm__(<i>&quot;ax&quot;</i>); // __res</span>�ǼĴ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>(eax)</span>��</p>
+lang=EN-US> register char * __res __asm__(<i>&quot;ax&quot;</i>); // __res</span>是寄存器变量<span
+lang=EN-US>(eax)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>239</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>240</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
 %4,%%edi\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-</span>���ȼ��㴮<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ��ȡ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>ָ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>edi</span>�С�</p>
+</span>首先计算串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度。串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>指针放入<span
+lang=EN-US>edi</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>241</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;repne\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>al(0)</span>�봮<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�е��ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>������<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>比较<span lang=EN-US>al(0)</span>与串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>中的字符（<span
+lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>），并<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>242</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;scasb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������Ⱦͼ����Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>(ecx</span>�𲽵ݼ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+// </span>如果不相等就继续比较<span lang=EN-US>(ecx</span>逐步递减<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>243</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;notl
 %%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ecx</span>��ÿλȡ����</p>
+// ecx</span>中每位取反。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>244</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;decl
@@ -82089,37 +82089,37 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;decl
 searchstring='' */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>ע�⣡���������Ϊ�գ�������<span lang=EN-US>Z</span>��־<span lang=EN-US> */ </span><span
-lang=EN-US>// </span>�ô�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ���ֵ��</p>
+/* </span>注意！如果搜索串为空，将设置<span lang=EN-US>Z</span>标志<span lang=EN-US> */ </span><span
+lang=EN-US>// </span>得串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>245</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
-%%ecx,%%edx\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ���ֵ�ݷ���<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>�С�</p>
+%%ecx,%%edx\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度值暂放入<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>246</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;1:\tmovl
-%4,%%edi\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>ͷָ�����<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>�С�</p>
+%4,%%edi\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>头指针放入<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>247</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
-%%esi,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��ָ�븴�Ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>�С�</p>
+%%esi,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将串<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>的指针复制到<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>248</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
-%%edx,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ٽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ���ֵ����<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>�С�</p>
+%%edx,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再将串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度值放入<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>249</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;repe\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ƚϴ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ʹ�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(ds:[esi],es:[edi])</span>��<span lang=EN-US>esi++,edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>比较串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>和串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字符<span
+lang=EN-US>(ds:[esi],es:[edi])</span>，<span lang=EN-US>esi++,edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>250</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;cmpsb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����Ӧ�ַ���Ⱦ�һֱ�Ƚ���ȥ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>若对应字符相等就一直比较下去。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>251</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
@@ -82127,34 +82127,34 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
 works for empty string, see above */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>�Կմ�ͬ����Ч��������<span lang=EN-US> */ // </span>��ȫ��ȣ���ת�����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+/* </span>对空串同样有效，见上面<span lang=EN-US> */ // </span>若全相等，则转到标号<span lang=EN-US>2</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>252</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;xchgl
-%%eax,%%esi\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>ͷָ��<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>esi</span>���ȽϽ���Ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span>��</p>
+%%eax,%%esi\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>串<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>头指针<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US>esi</span>，比较结果的串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>指针<span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>eax</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>253</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;incl %%esi\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ͷָ��ָ����һ���ַ���</p>
+// </span>串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>头指针指向下一个字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>254</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;cmpb
-$0,-1(%%eax)\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>(eax-1)</span>��ָ�ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+$0,-1(%%eax)\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>串<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>指针<span lang=EN-US>(eax-1)</span>所指字节是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>吗？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>255</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jne
 1b\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������Ӵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>���ַ���ʼ�Ƚϡ�</p>
+// </span>不是则转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，继续从串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个字符开始比较。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>256</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;xorl
-%%eax,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>����ʾû���ҵ�ƥ�䡣</p>
+%%eax,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>清<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>，表示没有找到匹配。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>257</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;2:&quot;</i></span></p>
@@ -82169,7 +82169,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;cx&quot;</
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>260</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> return __res;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���رȽϽ����</p>
+// </span>返回比较结果。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>261</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -82177,16 +82177,16 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>262</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ַ������ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>计算字符串长度。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>s
-- </span>�ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>s
+- </span>字符串。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - ecx(__res)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - edi(</span>�ַ���ָ��<span lang=EN-US>s)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2
-- eax(0)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(0xffffffff)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - ecx(__res)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - edi(</span>字符串指针<span lang=EN-US>s)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2
+- eax(0)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(0xffffffff)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ������ַ����ĳ��ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：返回字符串的长度。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>263</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern inline int <u><span style='color:blue'>strlen</span></u>(const
@@ -82197,29 +82197,29 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>265</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> register int __res __asm__(<i>&quot;cx&quot;</i>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// __res</span>�ǼĴ�������<span lang=EN-US>(ecx)</span>��</p>
+// __res</span>是寄存器变量<span lang=EN-US>(ecx)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>266</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>267</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;repne\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// al(0)</span>���ַ������ַ�<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>�Ƚϣ�</p>
+// al(0)</span>与字符串中字符<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>比较，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>268</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;scasb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������Ⱦ�һֱ�Ƚϡ�</p>
+// </span>若不相等就一直比较。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>269</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;notl
 %0\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ecx</span>ȡ����</p>
+// ecx</span>取反。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>270</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;decl
 %0&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ecx--</span>�����ַ����ó���ֵ��</p>
+// ecx--</span>，得字符串得长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>271</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;=c&quot;</i>
@@ -82228,7 +82228,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;=c&quot;</
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>272</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> return __res;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ַ�������ֵ��</p>
+// </span>返回字符串长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>273</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -82238,48 +82238,48 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>275</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern char * <u><span style='color:blue'>___strtok</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʱ���ָ�����汻�����ַ���<span lang=EN-US>1(s)</span>��ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>用于临时存放指向下面被分析字符串<span lang=EN-US>1(s)</span>的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>276</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�е��ַ����ַ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ָ�ɱ��<span lang=EN-US>(tokern)</span>���С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>利用字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>中的字符将字符串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>分割成标记<span lang=EN-US>(tokern)</span>序列。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�����ǰ��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>(token)</span>�����У����ɷָ���ַ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�е�һ�������ַ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>看作是包含零个或多个单词<span
+lang=EN-US>(token)</span>的序列，并由分割符字符串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>中的一个或多个字符</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ֿ�����һ�ε��� <span
-lang=EN-US>strtok()</span>ʱ��������ָ���ַ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>token</span>���ַ���ָ�룬���ڷ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>分开。第一次调用 <span
+lang=EN-US>strtok()</span>时，将返回指向字符串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>中第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个<span lang=EN-US>token</span>首字符的指针，并在返</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>token</span>ʱ��һ
-<span lang=EN-US>null</span>�ַ�д���ָ����������ʹ�� <span lang=EN-US>null </span>��Ϊ�ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ĵ��ã��������ַ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回<span lang=EN-US>token</span>时将一
+<span lang=EN-US>null</span>字符写到分割符处。后续使用 <span lang=EN-US>null </span>作为字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>的调用，将用这种方</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ɨ���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��ֱ��û��<span lang=EN-US>token </span>Ϊֹ���ڲ�ͬ�ĵ��ù����У��ָ����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>���Բ�ͬ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>法继续扫描字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，直到没有<span lang=EN-US>token </span>为止。在不同的调用过程中，分割符串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>可以不同。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>s
-- </span>���������ַ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>ct - </span>���������ָ�����ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>s
+- </span>待处理的字符串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，<span lang=EN-US>ct - </span>包含各个分割符的字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>%0
-- ebx(__res)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - esi(__strtok)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>汇编输出：<span lang=EN-US>%0
+- ebx(__res)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%1 - esi(__strtok)</span>；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������룺<span lang=EN-US>%2
-- ebx(__strtok)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%3 - esi(</span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>s)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%4 - (</span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ct)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>汇编输入：<span lang=EN-US>%2
+- ebx(__strtok)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%3 - esi(</span>字符串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>指针<span
+lang=EN-US>s)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%4 - (</span>字符串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>指针<span
+lang=EN-US>ct)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ������ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>s</span>�е�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>token</span>�����û���ҵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>token</span>���򷵻�һ��<span lang=EN-US>null</span>ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：返回字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>s</span>中第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个<span lang=EN-US>token</span>，如果没有找到<span
+lang=EN-US>token</span>，则返回一个<span lang=EN-US>null</span>指针。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʹ���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>s</span>ָ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>null</span>�ĵ��ã�����ԭ�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>s</span>��������һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>token</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>后续使用字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>s</span>指针为<span lang=EN-US>null</span>的调用，将在原字符串<span lang=EN-US>s</span>中搜索下一个<span
+lang=EN-US>token</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>277</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern inline char * <u><span style='color:blue'>strtok</span></u>(char
@@ -82293,73 +82293,73 @@ lang=EN-US> register char * __res __asm__(<i>&quot;si&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>280</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;testl %1,%1\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���Ȳ���<span lang=EN-US>esi(</span>�ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>s)</span>�Ƿ���<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>首先测试<span lang=EN-US>esi(</span>字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>指针<span lang=EN-US>s)</span>是否是<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>281</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jne
 1f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ǣ���������״ε��ñ���������ת���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+// </span>如果不是，则表明是首次调用本函数，跳转标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>282</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;testl
 %0,%0\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>����ʾ�˴��Ǻ������ã���<span lang=EN-US>ebx(__strtok)</span>��</p>
+// </span>若是<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，表示此次是后续调用，测<span lang=EN-US>ebx(__strtok)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>283</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
 8f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>ָ����<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�����ܴ�������ת������</p>
+// </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>指针是<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，则不能处理，跳转结束。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>284</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;<i>&quot;movl
 %0,%1\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>ָ�븴�Ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>esi</span>��</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>指针复制到<span lang=EN-US>esi</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>285</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;1:\txorl
-%0,%0\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>ebx</span>ָ�롣</p>
+%0,%0\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>清<span
+lang=EN-US>ebx</span>指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>286</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
-$-1,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>ecx = 0xffffffff</span>��</p>
+$-1,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>置<span
+lang=EN-US>ecx = 0xffffffff</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>287</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;xorl
-%%eax,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>��</p>
+%%eax,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>清零<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>288</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>289</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
 %4,%%edi\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-</span>�������ַ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ��ȡ�<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>ָ���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+</span>下面求字符串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度。<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>指向字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>290</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;repne\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>al(0)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>�Ƚϣ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>al(0)</span>与<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>比较，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>291</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;scasb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ֱ���ҵ��ַ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�Ľ���<span lang=EN-US>null</span>�ַ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>ecx==0</span>��</p>
+// </span>直到找到字符串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的结束<span lang=EN-US>null</span>字符，或计数<span
+lang=EN-US>ecx==0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>292</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;notl
 %%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>ȡ����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>取反，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>293</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;decl
 %%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// ecx--</span>���õ��ַ���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ���ֵ��</p>
+// ecx--</span>，得到字符串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>294</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
@@ -82367,177 +82367,177 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
 <b><i>/* empty delimeter-string */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>�ָ���ַ�����<span lang=EN-US> */ // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ת���<span lang=EN-US>7</span>��</p>
+/* </span>分割符字符串空<span lang=EN-US> */ // </span>若串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>长度为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则转标号<span lang=EN-US>7</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>295</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
-%%ecx,%%edx\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�����ݴ���<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>��</p>
+%%ecx,%%edx\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>将串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>长度暂存入<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>296</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;2:\tlodsb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���ַ�<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>esi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>取串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的字符<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>esi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>297</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;testb
-%%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ַ�Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+%%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该字符为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>值吗<span lang=EN-US>(</span>串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>结束<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>298</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
 7f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ǣ�����ת���<span lang=EN-US>7</span>��</p>
+// </span>如果是，则跳转标号<span lang=EN-US>7</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>299</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
 %4,%%edi\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-edi</span>�ٴ�ָ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ס�</p>
+edi</span>再次指向串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>首。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>300</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
-%%edx,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ĳ���ֵ���������<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��</p>
+%%edx,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>的长度值置入计数器<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>301</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;repne\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>al</span>�д�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���ַ��봮<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�������ַ��Ƚϣ�</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>al</span>中串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的字符与串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>中所有字符比较，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>302</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;scasb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�жϸ��ַ��Ƿ�Ϊ�ָ����</p>
+// </span>判断该字符是否为分割符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>303</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
 2b\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���ҵ���ͬ�ַ����ָ����������ת���<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+// </span>若能在串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>中找到相同字符（分割符），则跳转标号<span lang=EN-US>2</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>304</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;decl
 %1\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����Ƿָ������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>esi</span>ָ���ʱ�ĸ��ַ���</p>
+// </span>若不是分割符，则串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>指针<span lang=EN-US>esi</span>指向此时的该字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>305</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;cmpb
 $0,(%1)\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ַ���<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�ַ���</p>
+// </span>该字符是<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>字符吗？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>306</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
 7f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ǣ�����ת���<span lang=EN-US>7</span>����</p>
+// </span>若是，则跳转标号<span lang=EN-US>7</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>307</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
 %1,%0\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ַ���ָ��<span lang=EN-US>esi</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>��</p>
+// </span>将该字符的指针<span lang=EN-US>esi</span>存放在<span lang=EN-US>ebx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>308</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<i>&quot;3:\tlodsb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��һ���ַ�<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>esi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>取串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>下一个字符<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>al</span>，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>esi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>309</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;testb
-%%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�ַ���</p>
+%%al,%%al\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该字符是<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>字符吗？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>310</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
 5f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ǣ���ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��������ת�����<span lang=EN-US>5</span>��</p>
+// </span>若是，表示串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>结束，跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>5</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>311</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
 %4,%%edi\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-edi</span>�ٴ�ָ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ס�</p>
+edi</span>再次指向串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>首。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>312</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl %%edx,%%ecx\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����ֵ���������<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>��</p>
+// </span>串<span lang=EN-US>2</span>长度值置入计数器<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>313</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;repne\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>al</span>�д�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���ַ��봮<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��ÿ���ַ��Ƚϣ�</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>al</span>中串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的字符与串<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>中每个字符比较，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>314</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;scasb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>al</span>�ַ��Ƿ��Ƿָ����</p>
+// </span>测试<span lang=EN-US>al</span>字符是否是分割符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>315</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jne
 3b\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����Ƿָ������ת���<span lang=EN-US>3</span>����⴮<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����һ���ַ���</p>
+// </span>若不是分割符则跳转标号<span lang=EN-US>3</span>，检测串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>中下一个字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>316</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;decl %1\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Ƿָ������<span lang=EN-US>esi--</span>��ָ��÷ָ���ַ���</p>
+// </span>若是分割符，则<span lang=EN-US>esi--</span>，指向该分割符字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>317</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;cmpb
 $0,(%1)\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�÷ָ����<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�ַ���</p>
+// </span>该分割符是<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>字符吗？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>318</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
 5f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ǣ�����ת�����<span lang=EN-US>5</span>��</p>
+// </span>若是，则跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>5</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>319</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movb
 $0,(%1)\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ǣ��򽫸÷ָ����<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�ַ��滻����</p>
+// </span>若不是，则将该分割符用<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>字符替换掉。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>320</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;incl
 %1\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-esi</span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����һ���ַ���Ҳ��ʣ�മ�ס�</p>
+esi</span>指向串<span lang=EN-US>1</span>中下一个字符，也即剩余串首。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>321</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jmp
 6f\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ת���<span lang=EN-US>6</span>����</p>
+// </span>跳转标号<span lang=EN-US>6</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>322</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;5:\txorl
 %1,%1\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// esi</span>���㡣</p>
+// esi</span>清零。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>323</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;6:\tcmpb
-$0,(%0)\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ebx</span>ָ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�ַ���</p>
+$0,(%0)\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ebx</span>指针指向<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>字符吗？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>324</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jne
 7f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ǣ�����ת���<span lang=EN-US>7</span>��</p>
+// </span>若不是，则跳转标号<span lang=EN-US>7</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>325</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;xorl
 %0,%0\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ǣ�����<span lang=EN-US>ebx=NULL</span>��</p>
+// </span>若是，则让<span lang=EN-US>ebx=NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>326</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;7:\ttestl
-%0,%0\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ebx</span>ָ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+%0,%0\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ebx</span>指针为<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>吗？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>327</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jne
 8f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����������ת<span lang=EN-US>8</span>�����������롣</p>
+// </span>若不是则跳转<span lang=EN-US>8</span>，结束汇编代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>328</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
 %0,%1\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>esi</span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>esi</span>置为<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>329</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;8:&quot;</i></span></p>
@@ -82556,7 +82556,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;ax&quot;</
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>333</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> return __res;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ָ����<span lang=EN-US>token</span>��ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>返回指向新<span lang=EN-US>token</span>的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>334</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -82564,14 +82564,14 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>335</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ڴ�鸴�ơ���Դ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>src</span>����ʼ����<span lang=EN-US>n</span>���ֽڵ�Ŀ�ĵ�ַ<span lang=EN-US>dest</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>内存块复制。从源地址<span
+lang=EN-US>src</span>处开始复制<span lang=EN-US>n</span>个字节到目的地址<span lang=EN-US>dest</span>处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>dest
-- </span>���Ƶ�Ŀ�ĵ�ַ��<span lang=EN-US>src - </span>���Ƶ�Դ��ַ��<span lang=EN-US>n - </span>�����ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>dest
+- </span>复制的目的地址，<span lang=EN-US>src - </span>复制的源地址，<span lang=EN-US>n - </span>复制字节数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - ecx(n)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - esi(src)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 - edi(dest)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - ecx(n)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - esi(src)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2 - edi(dest)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>336</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern inline void * <u><span style='color:blue'>memcpy</span></u>(void
@@ -82582,16 +82582,16 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>338</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>339</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;rep\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ظ�ִ�и���<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>���ֽڣ�</p>
+// </span>重复执行复制<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>个字节，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>340</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>&quot;movsb&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span>��<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>esi++</span>��<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>从<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span>到<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>esi++</span>，<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>341</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ::<i>&quot;c&quot;</i>
@@ -82602,7 +82602,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;cx&quot;</
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>343</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> return dest;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ŀ�ĵ�ַ��</p>
+// </span>返回目的地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>344</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -82610,20 +82610,20 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>345</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ڴ���ƶ���ͬ�ڴ�鸴�ƣ��������ƶ��ķ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>内存块移动。同内存块复制，但考虑移动的方向。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>dest
-- </span>���Ƶ�Ŀ�ĵ�ַ��<span lang=EN-US>src - </span>���Ƶ�Դ��ַ��<span lang=EN-US>n - </span>�����ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>dest
+- </span>复制的目的地址，<span lang=EN-US>src - </span>复制的源地址，<span lang=EN-US>n - </span>复制字节数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>dest&lt;src</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%0 - ecx(n)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - esi(src)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%2 - edi(dest)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若<span lang=EN-US>dest&lt;src</span>则：<span
+lang=EN-US>%0 - ecx(n)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%1 - esi(src)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%2 - edi(dest)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>%0
-- ecx(n)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - esi(src+n-1)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 -
-edi(dest+n-1)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则：<span lang=EN-US>%0
+- ecx(n)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%1 - esi(src+n-1)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2 -
+edi(dest+n-1)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������Ϊ�˷�ֹ�ڸ���ʱ������ص����ǡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这样操作是为了防止在复制时错误地重叠覆盖。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>346</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern inline void * <u><span style='color:blue'>memmove</span></u>(void
@@ -82637,16 +82637,16 @@ lang=EN-US> if (dest&lt;src)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>349</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>350</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;rep\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span>��<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>esi++</span>��<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>从<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span>到<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>esi++</span>，<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>351</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movsb&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ظ�ִ�и���<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>重复执行复制<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>352</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ::<i>&quot;c&quot;</i>
@@ -82660,16 +82660,16 @@ lang=EN-US> else</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>355</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;std\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�÷���λ����ĩ�˿�ʼ���ơ�</p>
+// </span>置方向位，从末端开始复制。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>356</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;rep\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span>��<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>esi--</span>��<span lang=EN-US>edi--</span>��</p>
+// </span>从<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span>到<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>esi--</span>，<span lang=EN-US>edi--</span>，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>357</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movsb&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>���ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>复制<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>个字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>358</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ::<i>&quot;c&quot;</i>
@@ -82687,22 +82687,22 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>362</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>n</span>���ֽڵ������ڴ棨�����ַ���������ʹ����<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�ֽ�Ҳ��ֹͣ�Ƚϡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>比较<span lang=EN-US>n</span>个字节的两块内存（两个字符串），即使遇上<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>字节也不停止比较。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>cs
-- </span>�ڴ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ַ��<span lang=EN-US>ct - </span>�ڴ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��ַ��<span lang=EN-US>count - </span>�Ƚϵ��ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>cs
+- </span>内存块<span lang=EN-US>1</span>地址，<span lang=EN-US>ct - </span>内存块<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>地址，<span lang=EN-US>count - </span>比较的字节数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(__res)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(0)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 - edi(</span>�ڴ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%3 - esi(</span>�ڴ��<span lang=EN-US>2)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%4 - ecx(count)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(__res)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(0)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2 - edi(</span>内存块<span
+lang=EN-US>1)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%3 - esi(</span>内存块<span lang=EN-US>2)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%4 - ecx(count)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ�����<span lang=EN-US>1&gt;</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>2 </span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����<span lang=EN-US>1&lt;</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>������<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>����<span lang=EN-US>1==</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：若块<span lang=EN-US>1&gt;</span>块<span
+lang=EN-US>2 </span>返回<span lang=EN-US>1</span>；块<span lang=EN-US>1&lt;</span>块<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>，返回<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>；块<span lang=EN-US>1==</span>块<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>，则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>363</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern inline int <u><span style='color:blue'>memcmp</span></u>(const
@@ -82713,41 +82713,41 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>365</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> register int __res __asm__(<i>&quot;ax&quot;</i>);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// __res</span>�ǼĴ���������</p>
+// __res</span>是寄存器变量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>366</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>367</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;repe\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���������ظ���</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>如果相等则重复，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>368</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;cmpsb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ƚ�<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span>��<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>�����ݣ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>esi++</span>��<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>比较<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span>与<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>的内容，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>esi++</span>，<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>369</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
 1f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ͬ������ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������<span lang=EN-US>0(eax)</span>ֵ</p>
+// </span>如果都相同，则跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，返回<span lang=EN-US>0(eax)</span>值</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>370</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
 $1,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-</span>����<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+</span>否则<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>置<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>371</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jl
 1f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>���ڴ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>���ݵ�ֵ<span lang=EN-US>&lt;</span>�ڴ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������ת���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+</span>若内存块<span lang=EN-US>2</span>内容的值<span lang=EN-US>&lt;</span>内存块<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，则跳转标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>372</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;negl
 %%eax\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>eax = -eax</span>��</p>
+// </span>否则<span lang=EN-US>eax = -eax</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>373</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;1:&quot;</i></span></p>
@@ -82762,7 +82762,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;si&quot;</
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>376</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> return __res;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���رȽϽ����</p>
+// </span>返回比较结果。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>377</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -82770,18 +82770,18 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>378</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>n</span>�ֽڴ�С���ڴ��<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��Ѱ��ָ���ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>在<span lang=EN-US>n</span>字节大小的内存块<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>字符串<span lang=EN-US>)</span>中寻找指定字符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>cs
-- </span>ָ���ڴ���ַ��<span lang=EN-US>c - </span>ָ�����ַ���<span lang=EN-US>count - </span>�ڴ�鳤�ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>cs
+- </span>指定内存块地址，<span lang=EN-US>c - </span>指定的字符，<span lang=EN-US>count - </span>内存块长度。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - edi(__res)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(</span>�ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 - edi(</span>�ڴ���ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>cs)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(</span>�ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>count)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - edi(__res)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(</span>字符<span lang=EN-US>c)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2 - edi(</span>内存块地址<span
+lang=EN-US>cs)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(</span>字节数<span lang=EN-US>count)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ص�һ��ƥ���ַ���ָ�룬���û���ҵ����򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回第一个匹配字符的指针，如果没有找到，则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>379</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern inline void * <u><span style='color:blue'>memchr</span></u>(const
@@ -82791,11 +82791,11 @@ void * cs,char c,int <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>381</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> register void * __res __asm__(<i>&quot;di&quot;</i>); // __res</span>�ǼĴ���������</p>
+lang=EN-US> register void * __res __asm__(<i>&quot;di&quot;</i>); // __res</span>是寄存器变量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>382</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> if (!<u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ڴ�鳤��<span lang=EN-US>==0</span>���򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��û���ҵ���</p>
+// </span>如果内存块长度<span lang=EN-US>==0</span>，则返回<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>，没有找到。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>383</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return <u><span
@@ -82803,30 +82803,30 @@ style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>384</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>385</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;repne\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����������ظ�ִ��������䣬</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>如果不相等则重复执行下面语句，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>386</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;scasb\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// al</span>���ַ���<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>�ַ����Ƚϣ�����<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// al</span>中字符与<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>字符作比较，并且<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>387</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
 1f\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����������ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+// </span>如果相等则向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>388</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movl
 $1,%0\n&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+// </span>否则<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>中置<span lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>389</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;1:\tdecl
 %0&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>ָ���ҵ����ַ�������<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>����</p>
+// </span>让<span lang=EN-US>edi</span>指向找到的字符（或是<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>390</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;=D&quot;</i>
@@ -82838,7 +82838,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;cx&quot;</
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>392</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> return __res;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ַ�ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>返回字符指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>393</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
@@ -82846,14 +82846,14 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>394</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ַ���дָ�������ڴ�顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>用字符填写指定长度内存块。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ַ�<span lang=EN-US>c</span>��д<span
-lang=EN-US>s</span>ָ����ڴ����򣬹���<span lang=EN-US>count</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用字符<span lang=EN-US>c</span>填写<span
+lang=EN-US>s</span>指向的内存区域，共填<span lang=EN-US>count</span>字节。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(</span>�ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>c)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - edi(</span>�ڴ��ַ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%2 - ecx(</span>�ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>count)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(</span>字符<span
+lang=EN-US>c)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%1 - edi(</span>内存地址<span lang=EN-US>)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%2 - ecx(</span>字节数<span lang=EN-US>count)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>395</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern inline void * <u><span style='color:blue'>memset</span></u>(void
@@ -82864,16 +82864,16 @@ lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>397</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;cld\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�巽��λ��</p>
+// </span>清方向位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>398</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;rep\n\t&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ظ�<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>ָ���Ĵ�����ִ��</p>
+// </span>重复<span lang=EN-US>ecx</span>指定的次数，执行</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>399</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;stosb&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>al</span>���ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>�У�����<span
-lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>al</span>中字符存入<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>中，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>400</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ::<i>&quot;a&quot;</i>
@@ -82913,7 +82913,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448042"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447446"></a><a name="_Toc53320664"><span lang=EN-US>14.10 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-10 linux/include/termios.h</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-10 linux/include/termios.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -82936,246 +82936,246 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-10 linux
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TTY_BUF_SIZE</span></u> 1024&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// tty</span>�еĻ��������ȡ�</p>
+// tty</span>中的缓冲区长度。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> <b><i>/*
 0x54 is just a magic number to make these relatively uniqe ('T') */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* 0x54</span>ֻ��һ��ħ����Ŀ����Ϊ��ʹ��Щ����Ψһ<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* 0x54</span>只是一个魔数，目的是为了使这些常数唯一<span
 lang=EN-US>('T') */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>�豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>ioctl</span>���������<span lang=EN-US>ioctl</span>����������ڵ�λ���С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>设备的<span
+lang=EN-US>ioctl</span>调用命令集。<span lang=EN-US>ioctl</span>将命令编码在低位字中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>TC[*]</span>�ĺ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面名称<span lang=EN-US>TC[*]</span>的含义是<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>控制命令。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��Ӧ�ն�<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ�е���Ϣ<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�μ�<span lang=EN-US>tcgetattr())</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取相应终端<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构中的信息<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>参见<span lang=EN-US>tcgetattr())</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCGETS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5401</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ӧ�ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ�е���Ϣ<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�μ�<span lang=EN-US>tcsetattr()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>TCSANOW)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置相应终端<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构中的信息<span lang=EN-US>(</span>参见<span lang=EN-US>tcsetattr()</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>TCSANOW)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCSETS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5402</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ն�<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>����Ϣ֮ǰ����Ҫ�ȵȴ�����������������ݴ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�ľ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>�������޸Ĳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在设置终端<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>的信息之前，需要先等待输出队列中所有数据处理完<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>耗尽<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。对于修改参数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӱ����������������Ҫʹ��������ʽ<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�μ�<span lang=EN-US>tcsetattr()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>TCSADRAIN</span>ѡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>会影响输出的情况，就需要使用这种形式<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>参见<span lang=EN-US>tcsetattr()</span>，<span lang=EN-US>TCSADRAIN</span>选项<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCSETSW</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5403</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>����Ϣ֮ǰ����Ҫ�ȵȴ�����������������ݴ����꣬����ˢ��<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>���<span lang=EN-US>)</span>������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在设置<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>的信息之前，需要先等待输出队列中所有数据处理完，并且刷新<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>清空<span lang=EN-US>)</span>输入队列。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ã��μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>tcsetattr()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>TCSAFLUSH</span>ѡ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>再设置（参见<span
+lang=EN-US>tcsetattr()</span>，<span lang=EN-US>TCSAFLUSH</span>选项）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCSETSF</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5404</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��Ӧ�ն�<span lang=EN-US>termio</span>�ṹ�е���Ϣ<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�μ�<span lang=EN-US>tcgetattr())</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取相应终端<span lang=EN-US>termio</span>结构中的信息<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>参见<span lang=EN-US>tcgetattr())</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCGETA</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5405</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ӧ�ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>termio</span>�ṹ�е���Ϣ<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�μ�<span lang=EN-US>tcsetattr()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>TCSANOW</span>ѡ��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置相应终端<span
+lang=EN-US>termio</span>结构中的信息<span lang=EN-US>(</span>参见<span lang=EN-US>tcsetattr()</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>TCSANOW</span>选项<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCSETA</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5406</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ն�<span lang=EN-US>termio</span>����Ϣ֮ǰ����Ҫ�ȵȴ�����������������ݴ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�ľ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>�������޸Ĳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在设置终端<span lang=EN-US>termio</span>的信息之前，需要先等待输出队列中所有数据处理完<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>耗尽<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。对于修改参数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӱ����������������Ҫʹ��������ʽ<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�μ�<span lang=EN-US>tcsetattr()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>TCSADRAIN</span>ѡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>会影响输出的情况，就需要使用这种形式<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>参见<span lang=EN-US>tcsetattr()</span>，<span lang=EN-US>TCSADRAIN</span>选项<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCSETAW</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5407</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>termio</span>����Ϣ֮ǰ����Ҫ�ȵȴ�����������������ݴ����꣬����ˢ��<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>���<span lang=EN-US>)</span>������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在设置<span lang=EN-US>termio</span>的信息之前，需要先等待输出队列中所有数据处理完，并且刷新<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>清空<span lang=EN-US>)</span>输入队列。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ã��μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>tcsetattr()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>TCSAFLUSH</span>ѡ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>再设置（参见<span
+lang=EN-US>tcsetattr()</span>，<span lang=EN-US>TCSAFLUSH</span>选项）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCSETAF</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5408</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ�������д������<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��������ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>break</span>���μ�<span lang=EN-US>tcsendbreak()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>tcdrain()</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待输出队列处理完毕<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>空<span lang=EN-US>)</span>，若参数值是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则发送一个<span
+lang=EN-US>break</span>（参见<span lang=EN-US>tcsendbreak()</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>tcdrain()</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCSBRK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5409</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ<span lang=EN-US>/</span>ֹͣ���ơ��������ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�����������������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������¿������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>开始<span lang=EN-US>/</span>停止控制。如果参数值是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则挂起输出；如果是<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，则重新开启挂起的输出；如果是<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������룻�����<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>�������¿�����������루�μ�<span lang=EN-US>tcflow()</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则挂起输入；如果是<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>，则重新开启挂起的输入（参见<span lang=EN-US>tcflow()</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCXONC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x540A</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ˢ����д�������û���ͻ����յ���û�ж����ݡ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ˢ��<span lang=EN-US>(</span>���<span lang=EN-US>)</span>������У����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>刷新已写输出但还没发送或已收但还没有读数据。如果参数是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则刷新<span lang=EN-US>(</span>清空<span lang=EN-US>)</span>输入队列；如果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����ˢ��������У������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>����ˢ�������������У��μ�<span lang=EN-US>tcflush()</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，则刷新输出队列；如果是<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>，则刷新输入和输出队列（参见<span lang=EN-US>tcflush()</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCFLSH</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x540B</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>TIOC[*]</span>�ĺ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>tty </span>��������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面名称<span lang=EN-US>TIOC[*]</span>的含义是<span
+lang=EN-US>tty </span>输入输出控制命令。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ն˴�����·ר��ģʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置终端串行线路专用模式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCEXCL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x540C</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ�ն˴�����·ר��ģʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复位终端串行线路专用模式。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCNXCL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x540D</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>Ϊ�����նˡ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(TIOCNOTTY - </span>��ֹ<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>Ϊ�����ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>为控制终端。<span
+lang=EN-US>(TIOCNOTTY - </span>禁止<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>为控制终端<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCSCTTY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x540E</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡָ���ն��豸���̵���<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>���μ�<span lang=EN-US>tcgetpgrp()</span>���ó�������������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取指定终端设备进程的组<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>，参见<span lang=EN-US>tcgetpgrp()</span>。该常数符号名称是<span
 lang=EN-US>&quot;Terminal IO Control</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Get PGRP &quot;</span>����д����ȡǰ̨������<span
-lang=EN-US>ID</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Get PGRP &quot;</span>的缩写。读取前台进程组<span
+lang=EN-US>ID</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCGPGRP</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x540F</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ���ն��豸���̵���<span
-lang=EN-US>id(</span>�μ�<span lang=EN-US>tcsetpgrp())</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置指定终端设备进程的组<span
+lang=EN-US>id(</span>参见<span lang=EN-US>tcsetpgrp())</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCSPGRP</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5410</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������л�δ�ͳ����ַ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回输出队列中还未送出的字符数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCOUTQ</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5411</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ģ���ն����롣��������һ��ָ���ַ���ָ����Ϊ����������װ���ַ������ն��ϼ���ġ��û�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>模拟终端输入。该命令以一个指向字符的指针作为参数，并假装该字符是在终端上键入的。用户</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڸÿ����ն��Ͼ��г����û�Ȩ�޻���ж�����Ȩ�ޡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>必须在该控制终端上具有超级用户权限或具有读许可权限。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCSTI</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5412</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ�ն��豸���ڴ�С��Ϣ���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>winsize</span>�ṹ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取终端设备窗口大小信息（参见<span
+lang=EN-US>winsize</span>结构）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCGWINSZ</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5413</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ն��豸���ڴ�С��Ϣ���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>winsize</span>�ṹ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置终端设备窗口大小信息（参见<span
+lang=EN-US>winsize</span>结构）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCSWINSZ</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5414</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>modem</span>״̬�������ߵĵ�ǰ״̬����λ��־�����μ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>185-196</span>�У���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回<span lang=EN-US>modem</span>状态控制引线的当前状态比特位标志集（参见下面<span
+lang=EN-US>185-196</span>行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCMGET</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5415</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���õ���<span lang=EN-US>modem</span>״̬�������ߵ�״̬<span
-lang=EN-US>(true</span>��<span lang=EN-US>false)(Individual control line Set)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置单个<span lang=EN-US>modem</span>状态控制引线的状态<span
+lang=EN-US>(true</span>或<span lang=EN-US>false)(Individual control line Set)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCMBIS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5416</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��λ����<span lang=EN-US>modem</span>״̬�������ߵ�״̬<span
-lang=EN-US>(Individual control line clear)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复位单个<span lang=EN-US>modem</span>状态控制引线的状态<span
+lang=EN-US>(Individual control line clear)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCMBIC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5417</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>modem</span>״̬���ߵ�״̬�����ĳһ����λ��λ����<span
-lang=EN-US>modem</span>��Ӧ��״̬���߽���Ϊ��Ч��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置<span lang=EN-US>modem</span>状态引线的状态。如果某一比特位置位，则<span
+lang=EN-US>modem</span>对应的状态引线将置为有效。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCMSET</span></u>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0x5418</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ�����ز�����־<span
-lang=EN-US>(1 - </span>������<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>�ر�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取软件载波检测标志<span
+lang=EN-US>(1 - </span>开启；<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>关闭<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڱ������ӵ��ն˻������豸�������ز���־�ǿ����ģ�����ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>modem</span>��·���ն˻��豸</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于本地连接的终端或其他设备，软件载波标志是开启的，对于使用<span
+lang=EN-US>modem</span>线路的终端或设备</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ǹرյġ�Ϊ����ʹ�������� <span
-lang=EN-US>ioctl</span>���ã�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>��·Ӧ������ <span lang=EN-US>O_NDELAY
-</span>��ʽ�򿪵ģ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>则是关闭的。为了能使用这两个 <span
+lang=EN-US>ioctl</span>调用，<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>线路应该是以 <span lang=EN-US>O_NDELAY
+</span>方式打开的，这样</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // open()</span>�Ͳ���ȴ��ز���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // open()</span>就不会等待载波。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCGSOFTCAR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x5419</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ز�����־<span
-lang=EN-US>(1 - </span>������<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>�ر�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置软件载波检测标志<span
+lang=EN-US>(1 - </span>开启；<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>关闭<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCSSOFTCAR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x541A</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������л�δȡ���ַ�����Ŀ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回输入队列中还未取走字符的数目。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;<u>36</u></span><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FIONREAD</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -83187,76 +83187,76 @@ lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FIONREAD</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڴ�С<span lang=EN-US>(Window
-size)</span>���Խṹ���ڴ��ڻ����п����ڻ�����Ļ��Ӧ�ó���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>窗口大小<span lang=EN-US>(Window
+size)</span>属性结构。在窗口环境中可用于基于屏幕的应用程序。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ioctls</span>�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>TIOCGWINSZ</span>��<span lang=EN-US>TIOCSWINSZ</span>��������ȡ��������Щ��Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ioctls</span>中的<span
+lang=EN-US>TIOCGWINSZ</span>和<span lang=EN-US>TIOCSWINSZ</span>可用来读取或设置这些信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>winsize</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;unsigned short ws_row;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ַ�������</p>
+// </span>窗口字符行数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-unsigned short ws_col;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ�������</p>
+unsigned short ws_col;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>窗口字符列数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-unsigned short ws_xpixel;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڿ��ȣ�����ֵ��</p>
+unsigned short ws_xpixel;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>窗口宽度，象素值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-unsigned short ws_ypixel;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ڸ߶ȣ�����ֵ��</p>
+unsigned short ws_ypixel;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>窗口高度，象素值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u> };</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // AT&amp;T</span>ϵͳ<span
-lang=EN-US>V</span>��<span lang=EN-US>termio</span>�ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // AT&amp;T</span>系统<span
+lang=EN-US>V</span>的<span lang=EN-US>termio</span>结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NCC</span></u> 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// termio</span>�ṹ�п����ַ�����ĳ��ȡ�</p>
+// termio</span>结构中控制字符数组的长度。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>termio</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned short c_iflag;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* input mode flags
-*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ģʽ��־��</p>
+*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入模式标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned short c_oflag;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* output mode
-flags */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ģʽ��־��</p>
+flags */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输出模式标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned short c_cflag;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* control mode
-flags */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ģʽ��־��</p>
+flags */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制模式标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned short c_lflag;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* local mode flags
-*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ģʽ��־��</p>
+*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>本地模式标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned char c_line;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* line
-discipline */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��·��̣����ʣ���</p>
+discipline */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>线路规程（速率）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned char c_cc[<u><span style='color:blue'>NCC</span></u>];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* control characters */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ַ����顣</p>
+<b><i>/* control characters */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制字符数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u> };</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // POSIX</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // POSIX</span>的<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NCCS</span></u> 17&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// termios</span>�ṹ�п����ַ����鳤�ȡ�</p>
+// termios</span>结构中控制字符数组长度。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>termios</span></u> {</span></p>
@@ -83264,655 +83264,655 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>termios</span></u> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>tcflag_t</span></u> c_iflag;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/* input mode flags */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ģʽ��־��</p>
+// </span>输入模式标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>tcflag_t</span></u> c_oflag;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/* output mode flags */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ģʽ��־��</p>
+// </span>输出模式标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>tcflag_t</span></u> c_cflag;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/* control mode flags */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ģʽ��־��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/* control mode flags */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制模式标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>tcflag_t</span></u> c_lflag;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/* local mode flags */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ģʽ��־��</p>
+// </span>本地模式标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>cc_t</span></u> c_line;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/* line discipline */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��·��̣����ʣ���</p>
+// </span>线路规程（速率）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>cc_t</span></u> c_cc[<u><span style='color:blue'>NCCS</span></u>];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/* control characters */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ַ����顣</p>
+// </span>控制字符数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u> };</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ǿ����ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>c_cc[]</span>���������ֵ���������ʼֵ������<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/tty.h</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下是控制字符数组<span
+lang=EN-US>c_cc[]</span>中项的索引值。该数组初始值定义在<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/tty.h</span>中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ը�����������е�ֵ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>��<span lang=EN-US>\0</span>������ô������ĳһ��ֵ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程序可以更改这个数组中的值。如果定义了<span
+lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>（<span lang=EN-US>\0</span>），那么当数组某一项值</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���� <span lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE
-</span>��ֵʱ����ʾ��ֹʹ����������Ӧ�������ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等于 <span lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE
+</span>的值时，表示禁止使用数组中相应的特殊字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;<u>66</u></span><span
-lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* c_cc characters */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* c_cc</span>�����е��ַ�<span
+lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* c_cc characters */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* c_cc</span>数组中的字符<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VINTR</span></u> 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;// c_cc[VINTR]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = INTR &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(^C)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>\003</span>���ж��ַ���</p>
+&nbsp;// c_cc[VINTR]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = INTR &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(^C)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>\003</span>，中断字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VQUIT</span></u> 1&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-c_cc[VQUIT]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = QUIT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (^\)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>\034</span>���˳��ַ���</p>
+c_cc[VQUIT]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = QUIT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (^\)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>\034</span>，退出字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VERASE</span></u> 2 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-c_cc[VERASE]&nbsp;&nbsp; = ERASE&nbsp;&nbsp; (^H)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>\177</span>�������ַ���</p>
+c_cc[VERASE]&nbsp;&nbsp; = ERASE&nbsp;&nbsp; (^H)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>\177</span>，擦出字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VKILL</span></u> 3&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-c_cc[VKILL]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = KILL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (^U)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>\025</span>����ֹ�ַ���ɾ���У���</p>
+c_cc[VKILL]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = KILL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (^U)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>\025</span>，终止字符（删除行）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VEOF</span></u> 4&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-c_cc[VEOF]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = EOF &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(^D)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>\004</span>���ļ������ַ���</p>
+c_cc[VEOF]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = EOF &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(^D)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>\004</span>，文件结束字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VTIME</span></u> 5&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-c_cc[VTIME]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = TIME &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(\0)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>\0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>��ʱ��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�μ�����˵��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+c_cc[VTIME]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = TIME &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(\0)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>\0</span>，<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>定时器值<span lang=EN-US>(</span>参见后面说明<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VMIN</span></u> 6&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-c_cc[VMIN]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = MIN &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(\1)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>\1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>��ʱ��ֵ��</p>
+c_cc[VMIN]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = MIN &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(\1)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>\1</span>，<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>定时器值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VSWTC</span></u> 7&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-c_cc[VSWTC]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = SWTC&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (\0)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>\0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>�����ַ���</p>
+c_cc[VSWTC]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = SWTC&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (\0)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>\0</span>，<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>交换字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VSTART</span></u>
 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // c_cc[VSTART]&nbsp;&nbsp; =
-START&nbsp;&nbsp; (^Q)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>\021</span>����ʼ�ַ���</p>
+START&nbsp;&nbsp; (^Q)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>\021</span>，开始字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VSTOP</span></u>
 9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-c_cc[VSTOP]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = STOP &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(^S)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>\023</span>��ֹͣ�ַ���</p>
+c_cc[VSTOP]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = STOP &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(^S)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>\023</span>，停止字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VSUSP</span></u> 10 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-c_cc[VSUSP]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = SUSP &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(^Z)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>\032</span>�������ַ���</p>
+c_cc[VSUSP]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = SUSP &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(^Z)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>\032</span>，挂起字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VEOL</span></u> 11&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-c_cc[VEOL]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = EOL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (\0)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>\0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>�н����ַ���</p>
+c_cc[VEOL]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = EOL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (\0)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>\0</span>，<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>行结束字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VREPRINT</span></u> 12 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-c_cc[VREPRINT] = REPRINT (^R)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>\022</span>������ʾ�ַ���</p>
+c_cc[VREPRINT] = REPRINT (^R)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>\022</span>，重显示字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VDISCARD</span></u> 13 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-c_cc[VDISCARD] = DISCARD (^O)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>\017</span>�������ַ���</p>
+c_cc[VDISCARD] = DISCARD (^O)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>\017</span>，丢弃字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VWERASE</span></u> 14&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-c_cc[VWERASE]&nbsp; = WERASE &nbsp;(^W)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>\027</span>�����ʲ����ַ���</p>
+c_cc[VWERASE]&nbsp; = WERASE &nbsp;(^W)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>\027</span>，单词擦除字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VLNEXT</span></u> 15&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-c_cc[VLNEXT]&nbsp;&nbsp; = LNEXT&nbsp;&nbsp; (^V)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>\026</span>����һ���ַ���</p>
+c_cc[VLNEXT]&nbsp;&nbsp; = LNEXT&nbsp;&nbsp; (^V)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>\026</span>，下一行字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VEOL2</span></u> 16&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-c_cc[VEOL2]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = EOL2 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(\0)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>\0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>�н����ַ�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+c_cc[VEOL2]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = EOL2 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(\0)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>\0</span>，<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; </span>行结束字符<span lang=EN-US>2</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // termios</span>�ṹ����ģʽ�ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>c_iflag</span>���ֱ�־�ķ��ų�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // termios</span>结构输入模式字段<span
+lang=EN-US>c_iflag</span>各种标志的符号常数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;<u>85</u></span><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* c_iflag bits */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* c_iflag</span>����λ<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* c_iflag</span>比特位<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>IGNBRK</span></u>&nbsp;
-0000001&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>BREAK</span>������</p>
+0000001&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入时忽略<span
+lang=EN-US>BREAK</span>条件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>BRKINT</span></u>&nbsp; 0000002&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>BREAK</span>ʱ����<span lang=EN-US>SIGINT</span>�źš�</p>
+// </span>在<span lang=EN-US>BREAK</span>时产生<span lang=EN-US>SIGINT</span>信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>IGNPAR</span></u>&nbsp; 0000004&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������żУ��������ַ���</p>
+// </span>忽略奇偶校验出错的字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PARMRK</span></u>&nbsp; 0000010&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����żУ�����</p>
+// </span>标记奇偶校验错。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>INPCK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp; 0000020&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����������żУ�顣</p>
+// </span>允许输入奇偶校验。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ISTRIP</span></u>&nbsp; 0000040&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ַ���<span lang=EN-US>8</span>λ��</p>
+// </span>屏蔽字符第<span lang=EN-US>8</span>位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>INLCR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp; 0000100 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>����ʱ�����з�<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>ӳ��ɻس���<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>��</p>
+</span>输入时将换行符<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>映射成回车符<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>IGNCR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp; 0000200&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Իس���<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>��</p>
+// </span>忽略回车符<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ICRNL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp; 0000400&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʱ���س���<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>ӳ��ɻ��з�<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>��</p>
+// </span>在输入时将回车符<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>映射成换行符<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>IUCLC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp; 0001000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʱ����д�ַ�ת����Сд�ַ���</p>
+// </span>在输入时将大写字符转换成小写字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>IXON</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0002000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʼ<span lang=EN-US>/</span>ֹͣ��<span lang=EN-US>XON/XOFF</span>��������ơ�</p>
+// </span>允许开始<span lang=EN-US>/</span>停止（<span lang=EN-US>XON/XOFF</span>）输出控制。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>IXANY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp; 0004000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����κ��ַ����������</p>
+// </span>允许任何字符重启输出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>IXOFF</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp; 0010000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʼ<span lang=EN-US>/</span>ֹͣ��<span lang=EN-US>XON/XOFF</span>��������ơ�</p>
+// </span>允许开始<span lang=EN-US>/</span>停止（<span lang=EN-US>XON/XOFF</span>）输入控制。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>IMAXBEL</span></u> 0020000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���������ʱ���塣</p>
+// </span>输入队列满时响铃。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // termios</span>�ṹ�����ģʽ�ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>c_oflag</span>���ֱ�־�ķ��ų�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // termios</span>结构中输出模式字段<span
+lang=EN-US>c_oflag</span>各种标志的符号常数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* c_oflag bits */</i></b>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/*
-c_oflag</span>����λ<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+c_oflag</span>比特位<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>102</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>OPOST</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000001&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�����������</p>
+0000001&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行输出处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>103</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>OLCUC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000002&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʱ��Сд�ַ�ת���ɴ�д�ַ���</p>
+0000002&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在输出时将小写字符转换成大写字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ONLCR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000004&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʱ�����з�<span
-lang=EN-US>NL</span>ӳ��ɻس�<span lang=EN-US>-</span>���з�<span lang=EN-US>CR-NL</span>��</p>
+0000004&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在输出时将换行符<span
+lang=EN-US>NL</span>映射成回车<span lang=EN-US>-</span>换行符<span lang=EN-US>CR-NL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>OCRNL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000010&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ʱ���س���<span
-lang=EN-US>CR</span>ӳ��ɻ��з�<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>��</p>
+0000010&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在输出时将回车符<span
+lang=EN-US>CR</span>映射成换行符<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ONOCR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000020&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�в�����س���<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>��</p>
+0000020&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>列不输出回车符<span lang=EN-US>CR</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>107</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ONLRET</span></u>&nbsp; 0000040&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���з�<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>ִ�лس����Ĺ��ܡ�</p>
+// </span>换行符<span lang=EN-US>NL</span>执行回车符的功能。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>108</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>OFILL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000100&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ӳ�ʱʹ������ַ�����ʹ��ʱ���ӳ١�</p>
+0000100&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>延迟时使用填充字符而不使用时间延迟。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>109</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>OFDEL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000200&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>��<span lang=EN-US>DEL</span>�����δ���ã���ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>ASCII
-NULL</span>��</p>
+0000200&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>填充字符是<span
+lang=EN-US>ASCII</span>码<span lang=EN-US>DEL</span>。如果未设置，则使用<span lang=EN-US>ASCII
+NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NLDLY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000400&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ѡ�����ӳ١�</p>
+0000400&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>选择换行延迟。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>111</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>NL0</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ӳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+0000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>换行延迟类型<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>112</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>NL1</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000400&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ӳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+0000400&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>换行延迟类型<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CRDLY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0003000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ѡ��س��ӳ١�</p>
+0003000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>选择回车延迟。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>CR0</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�س��ӳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+0000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回车延迟类型<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>115</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>CR1</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0001000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�س��ӳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+0001000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回车延迟类型<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>CR2</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0002000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�س��ӳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+0002000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回车延迟类型<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>CR3</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0003000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�س��ӳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>��</p>
+0003000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回车延迟类型<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TABDLY</span></u>&nbsp; 0014000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ѡ��ˮƽ�Ʊ��ӳ١�</p>
+// </span>选择水平制表延迟。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>TAB0</span></u>&nbsp;
-0000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ˮƽ�Ʊ��ӳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+0000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>水平制表延迟类型<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>120</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>TAB1</span></u>&nbsp;
-0004000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ˮƽ�Ʊ��ӳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+0004000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>水平制表延迟类型<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>121</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>TAB2</span></u>&nbsp;
-0010000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ˮƽ�Ʊ��ӳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��</p>
+0010000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>水平制表延迟类型<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>TAB3</span></u>&nbsp;
-0014000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ˮƽ�Ʊ��ӳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>��</p>
+0014000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>水平制表延迟类型<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>123</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>XTABS</span></u>
-0014000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ʊ���<span
-lang=EN-US>TAB</span>���ɿո񣬸�ֵ��ʾ�ո�����</p>
+0014000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将制表符<span
+lang=EN-US>TAB</span>换成空格，该值表示空格数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>124</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>BSDLY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0020000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ѡ���˸��ӳ١�</p>
+0020000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>选择退格延迟。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>125</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>BS0</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�˸��ӳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+0000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>退格延迟类型<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>126</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>BS1</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0020000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�˸��ӳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+0020000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>退格延迟类型<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>127</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>VTDLY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0040000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ʊ��ӳ١�</p>
+0040000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>纵向制表延迟。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>128</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>VT0</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ʊ��ӳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+0000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>纵向制表延迟类型<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>129</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>VT1</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0040000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����Ʊ��ӳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+0040000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>纵向制表延迟类型<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FFDLY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0040000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ѡ��ҳ�ӳ١�</p>
+0040000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>选择换页延迟。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>131</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>FF0</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҳ�ӳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+0000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>换页延迟类型<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>132</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>FF1</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0040000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҳ�ӳ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+0040000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>换页延迟类型<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // termios</span>�ṹ�п���ģʽ��־�ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>c_cflag</span>��־�ķ��ų�����<span lang=EN-US>8</span>����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // termios</span>结构中控制模式标志字段<span
+lang=EN-US>c_cflag</span>标志的符号常数（<span lang=EN-US>8</span>进制数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* c_cflag bit meaning */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* c_cflag
-</span>����λ�ĺ���<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+</span>比特位的含义<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>135</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CBAUD</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000017&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������λ�����롣</p>
+0000017&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>传输速率位屏蔽码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>136</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>B0</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* hang up */</i></b>&nbsp;
-/* </span>�Ҷ���·<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>挂断线路<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>B50</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000001&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US> 50</span>��</p>
+0000001&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>波特率<span
+lang=EN-US> 50</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>B75</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000002&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US> 75</span>��</p>
+0000002&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>波特率<span
+lang=EN-US> 75</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>B110</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000003&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US> 110</span>��</p>
+0000003&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>波特率<span
+lang=EN-US> 110</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>B134</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000004&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US> 134</span>��</p>
+0000004&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>波特率<span
+lang=EN-US> 134</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>B150</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000005&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US> 150</span>��</p>
+0000005&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>波特率<span
+lang=EN-US> 150</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>B200</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000006&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US> 200</span>��</p>
+0000006&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>波特率<span
+lang=EN-US> 200</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>B300</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000007&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US> 300</span>��</p>
+0000007&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>波特率<span
+lang=EN-US> 300</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>144</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>B600</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000010&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US> 600</span>��</p>
+0000010&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>波特率<span
+lang=EN-US> 600</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>145</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>B1200</span></u>&nbsp;
-0000011&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US> 1200</span>��</p>
+0000011&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>波特率<span
+lang=EN-US> 1200</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>146</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>B1800</span></u>&nbsp;
-0000012&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US> 1800</span>��</p>
+0000012&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>波特率<span
+lang=EN-US> 1800</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>B2400</span></u>&nbsp;
-0000013&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US> 2400</span>��</p>
+0000013&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>波特率<span
+lang=EN-US> 2400</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>B4800</span></u>&nbsp;
-0000014&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US> 4800</span>��</p>
+0000014&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>波特率<span
+lang=EN-US> 4800</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>B9600</span></u>&nbsp;
-0000015&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US> 9600</span>��</p>
+0000015&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>波特率<span
+lang=EN-US> 9600</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>B19200</span></u> 0000016&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������<span lang=EN-US> 19200</span>��</p>
+// </span>波特率<span lang=EN-US> 19200</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>151</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>B38400</span></u> 0000017&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������<span lang=EN-US> 38400</span>��</p>
+// </span>波特率<span lang=EN-US> 38400</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EXTA</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>B19200</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��չ������<span lang=EN-US>A</span>��</p>
+// </span>扩展波特率<span lang=EN-US>A</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EXTB</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>B38400</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��չ������<span lang=EN-US>B</span>��</p>
+// </span>扩展波特率<span lang=EN-US>B</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CSIZE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000060&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ�λ���������롣</p>
+0000060&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符位宽度屏蔽码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>CS5</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ÿ�ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>5</span>����λ��</p>
+0000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>每字符<span
+lang=EN-US>5</span>比特位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>CS6</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000020&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ÿ�ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>6</span>����λ��</p>
+0000020&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>每字符<span
+lang=EN-US>6</span>比特位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>CS7</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000040&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ÿ�ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>7</span>����λ��</p>
+0000040&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>每字符<span
+lang=EN-US>7</span>比特位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>CS8</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000060&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ÿ�ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>����λ��</p>
+0000060&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>每字符<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>比特位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CSTOPB</span></u>&nbsp; 0000100&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������ֹͣλ��������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+// </span>设置两个停止位，而不是<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CREAD</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000200&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�������ա�</p>
+0000200&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>允许接收。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PARENB</span></u> &nbsp;0000400&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ʱ������żλ������ʱ������żУ�顣</p>
+// </span>开启输出时产生奇偶位、输入时进行奇偶校验。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PARODD</span></u> &nbsp;0001000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>/</span>����У������У�顣</p>
+// </span>输入<span lang=EN-US>/</span>输入校验是奇校验。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>HUPCL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0002000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����̹رպ�Ҷϡ�</p>
+0002000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后进程关闭后挂断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CLOCAL</span></u>&nbsp; 0004000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Ե��ƽ����<span lang=EN-US>(modem)</span>������·��</p>
+// </span>忽略调制解调器<span lang=EN-US>(modem)</span>控制线路。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CIBAUD</span></u>&nbsp; 03600000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* input baud rate (not used) */</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>���벨����<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>δʹ��<span lang=EN-US>) */</span></p>
+<b><i>/* input baud rate (not used) */</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>输入波特率<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>未使用<span lang=EN-US>) */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>166</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CRTSCTS</span></u>
-020000000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* flow control */</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>������<span
+020000000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* flow control */</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>流控制<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>167</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // termios</span>�ṹ�б���ģʽ��־�ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>c_lflag</span>�ķ��ų�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // termios</span>结构中本地模式标志字段<span
+lang=EN-US>c_lflag</span>的符号常数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* c_lflag bits */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* c_lflag</span>����λ<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* c_lflag</span>比特位<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>169</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ISIG</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000001&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>���յ��ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>INTR</span>��<span lang=EN-US>QUIT</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SUSP</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>DSUSP</span>��������Ӧ���źš�</p>
+0000001&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>当收到字符<span
+lang=EN-US>INTR</span>、<span lang=EN-US>QUIT</span>、<span lang=EN-US>SUSP</span>或<span
+lang=EN-US>DSUSP</span>，产生相应的信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ICANON</span></u>&nbsp; 0000002&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����淶ģʽ����ģʽ����</p>
+// </span>开启规范模式（熟模式）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>XCASE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000004&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>ICANON</span>�����ն��Ǵ�д�ַ��ġ�</p>
+0000004&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若设置了<span
+lang=EN-US>ICANON</span>，则终端是大写字符的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>172</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ECHO</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000010&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ַ���</p>
+0000010&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>回显输入字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>173</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ECHOE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000020&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>ICANON</span>����<span lang=EN-US>ERASE/WERASE</span>������ǰһ�ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>���ʡ�</p>
+0000020&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若设置了<span
+lang=EN-US>ICANON</span>，则<span lang=EN-US>ERASE/WERASE</span>将擦除前一字符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>单词。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>174</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ECHOK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0000040&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>ICANON</span>����<span lang=EN-US>KILL</span>�ַ���������ǰ�С�</p>
+0000040&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若设置了<span
+lang=EN-US>ICANON</span>，则<span lang=EN-US>KILL</span>字符将擦除当前行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ECHONL</span></u>&nbsp; 0000100&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>ICANON</span>����ʹ<span lang=EN-US>ECHO</span>û�п���Ҳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>NL</span>�ַ���</p>
+// </span>如设置了<span lang=EN-US>ICANON</span>，则即使<span lang=EN-US>ECHO</span>没有开启也回显<span
+lang=EN-US>NL</span>字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NOFLSH</span></u>&nbsp; 0000200&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������<span lang=EN-US>SIGINT</span>��<span lang=EN-US>SIGQUIT</span>�ź�ʱ��ˢ������������У���</p>
+// </span>当生成<span lang=EN-US>SIGINT</span>和<span lang=EN-US>SIGQUIT</span>信号时不刷新输入输出队列，当</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>SIGSUSP</span>�ź�ʱ��ˢ��������С�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>生成<span lang=EN-US>SIGSUSP</span>信号时，刷新输入队列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>177</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TOSTOP</span></u>&nbsp; 0000400&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>�źŵ���̨���̵Ľ����飬�ú�̨������ͼд</p>
+// </span>发送<span lang=EN-US>SIGTTOU</span>信号到后台进程的进程组，该后台进程试图写</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Լ��Ŀ����նˡ�</p>
+// </span>自己的控制终端。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>178</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ECHOCTL</span></u> 0001000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>ECHO</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>TAB</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>NL</span>��<span lang=EN-US>START</span>��<span lang=EN-US>STOP</span>�����<span
+// </span>若设置了<span lang=EN-US>ECHO</span>，则除<span lang=EN-US>TAB</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>NL</span>、<span lang=EN-US>START</span>和<span lang=EN-US>STOP</span>以外的<span
 lang=EN-US>ASCII</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����źŽ������Գ���<span lang=EN-US>^X</span>ʽ����<span
-lang=EN-US>X</span>ֵ�ǿ��Ʒ�<span lang=EN-US>+0x40</span>��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>控制信号将被回显成象<span lang=EN-US>^X</span>式样，<span
+lang=EN-US>X</span>值是控制符<span lang=EN-US>+0x40</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>179</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ECHOPRT</span></u> 0002000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>ICANON</span>��<span lang=EN-US>IECHO</span>�����ַ��ڲ���ʱ����ʾ��</p>
+// </span>若设置了<span lang=EN-US>ICANON</span>和<span lang=EN-US>IECHO</span>，则字符在擦除时将显示。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>180</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ECHOKE</span></u>&nbsp; 0004000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>ICANON</span>����<span lang=EN-US>KILL</span>ͨ���������ϵ������ַ������ԡ�</p>
+// </span>若设置了<span lang=EN-US>ICANON</span>，则<span lang=EN-US>KILL</span>通过擦除行上的所有字符被回显。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>181</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FLUSHO</span></u>&nbsp; 0010000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ˢ�¡�ͨ������<span lang=EN-US>DISCARD</span>�ַ����ñ�־����ת��</p>
+// </span>输出被刷新。通过键入<span lang=EN-US>DISCARD</span>字符，该标志被翻转。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PENDIN</span></u>&nbsp; 0040000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����һ���ַ��Ƕ�ʱ����������е������ַ��������ԡ�</p>
+// </span>当下一个字符是读时，输入队列中的所有字符将被重显。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>183</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>IEXTEN</span></u>&nbsp; 0100000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʵ��ʱ��������봦����</p>
+// </span>开启实现时定义的输入处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>184</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>185</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* modem lines */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* modem</span>��·�źŷ��ų���<span
+lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* modem lines */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* modem</span>线路信号符号常数<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>186</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCM_LE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x001&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��·����<span lang=EN-US>(Line
-Enable)</span>��</p>
+0x001&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>线路允许<span lang=EN-US>(Line
+Enable)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>187</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCM_DTR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x002&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ն˾���<span lang=EN-US>(Data
-Terminal Ready)</span>��</p>
+0x002&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数据终端就绪<span lang=EN-US>(Data
+Terminal Ready)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCM_RTS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x004&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>(Request
-to Send)</span>��</p>
+0x004&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>请求发送<span lang=EN-US>(Request
+to Send)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCM_ST</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x008&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ݷ���<span lang=EN-US>(Serial
-Transfer)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>[??]</span></p>
+0x008&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>串行数据发送<span lang=EN-US>(Serial
+Transfer)</span>。<span lang=EN-US>[??]</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCM_SR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x010&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ݽ���<span lang=EN-US>(Serial
-Receive)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>[??]</span></p>
+0x010&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>串行数据接收<span lang=EN-US>(Serial
+Receive)</span>。<span lang=EN-US>[??]</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>191</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCM_CTS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x020&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>(Clear
-To Send)</span>��</p>
+0x020&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>清除发送<span lang=EN-US>(Clear
+To Send)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>192</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCM_CAR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x040&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ز����<span lang=EN-US>(Carrier
-Detect)</span>��</p>
+0x040&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>载波监测<span lang=EN-US>(Carrier
+Detect)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCM_RNG</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x080&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָʾ<span lang=EN-US>(Ring
-indicate)</span>��</p>
+0x080&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>响铃指示<span lang=EN-US>(Ring
+indicate)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCM_DSR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x100&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����豸����<span lang=EN-US>(Data
-Set Ready)</span>��</p>
+0x100&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数据设备就绪<span lang=EN-US>(Data
+Set Ready)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>195</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCM_CD</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -83926,146 +83926,146 @@ lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TIOCM_RI</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>198</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* tcflow() and TCXONC use these */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* tcflow()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>TCXONC</span>ʹ����Щ���ų���<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* tcflow() and TCXONC use these */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* tcflow()</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>TCXONC</span>使用这些符号常数<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>199</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCOOFF</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;Terminal Control Output OFF&quot;</span>����д����</p>
+0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>挂起输出（是<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;Terminal Control Output OFF&quot;</span>的缩写）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>200</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCOON</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����������������</p>
+1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>重启被挂起的输出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>201</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCIOFF</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ����һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>STOP</span>�ַ���ʹ�豸ֹͣ��ϵͳ�������ݡ�</p>
+2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统传输一个<span
+lang=EN-US>STOP</span>字符，使设备停止向系统传输数据。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>202</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCION</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ����һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>START</span>�ַ���ʹ�豸��ʼ��ϵͳ�������ݡ�</p>
+3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统传输一个<span
+lang=EN-US>START</span>字符，使设备开始向系统传输数据。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>203</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
-lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* tcflush() and TCFLSH use these */</i></b>&nbsp; /* tcflush()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>TCFLSH</span>ʹ����Щ���ų���<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* tcflush() and TCFLSH use these */</i></b>&nbsp; /* tcflush()</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>TCFLSH</span>使用这些符号常数<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCIFLUSH</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����յ������ݵ�������</p>
+0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>清接收到的数据但不读。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>206</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCOFLUSH</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����д�����ݵ������͡�</p>
+1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>清已写的数据但不传送。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>207</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCIOFLUSH</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����յ������ݵ�����������д�����ݵ������͡�</p>
+2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>清接收到的数据但不读。清已写的数据但不传送。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>208</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>209</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* tcsetattr uses these */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* tcsetattr()</span>ʹ����Щ���ų���<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* tcsetattr()</span>使用这些符号常数<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>210</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCSANOW</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�ı�����������</p>
+0 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>改变立即发生。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>211</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCSADRAIN</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ı���������д�����������֮������</p>
+1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>改变在所有已写的输出被传输之后发生。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>212</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TCSAFLUSH</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ı���������д�����������֮���������н��յ���</p>
+2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>改变在所有已写的输出被传输之后并且在所有接收到但</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��û�ж�ȡ�����ݱ�����֮������</p>
+// </span>还没有读取的数据被丢弃之后发生。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Щ�����ڱ��뻷���ĺ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>libc.a</span>��ʵ�֣��ں���û�С��ں�����ʵ���У���Щ����ͨ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下这些函数在编译环境的函数库<span
+lang=EN-US>libc.a</span>中实现，内核中没有。在函数库实现中，这些函数通过</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ϵͳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>ioctl()</span>��ʵ�֡��й�<span lang=EN-US>ioctl()</span>ϵͳ���ã���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>fs/ioctl.c</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>调用系统调用<span
+lang=EN-US>ioctl()</span>来实现。有关<span lang=EN-US>ioctl()</span>系统调用，请参见<span
+lang=EN-US>fs/ioctl.c</span>程序。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>termios_p</span>��ָ<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ�еĽ��ղ����ʡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回<span lang=EN-US>termios_p</span>所指<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构中的接收波特率。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>214</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern <u><span style='color:blue'>speed_t</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>cfgetispeed</span></u>(struct <u><span style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>
 *termios_p);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>termios_p</span>��ָ<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ�еķ��Ͳ����ʡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回<span lang=EN-US>termios_p</span>所指<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构中的发送波特率。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>215</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern <u><span style='color:blue'>speed_t</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>cfgetospeed</span></u>(struct <u><span style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>
 *termios_p);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>termios_p</span>��ָ<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ�еĽ��ղ���������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>speed</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将<span lang=EN-US>termios_p</span>所指<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构中的接收波特率设置为<span lang=EN-US>speed</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>216</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>cfsetispeed</span></u>(struct
 <u><span style='color:blue'>termios</span></u> *termios_p, <u><span
 style='color:blue'>speed_t</span></u> speed);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>termios_p</span>��ָ<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ�еķ��Ͳ���������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>speed</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将<span lang=EN-US>termios_p</span>所指<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构中的发送波特率设置为<span lang=EN-US>speed</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>217</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>cfsetospeed</span></u>(struct
 <u><span style='color:blue'>termios</span></u> *termios_p, <u><span
 style='color:blue'>speed_t</span></u> speed);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ�<span lang=EN-US>fildes</span>��ָ������д������ݱ����ͳ�ȥ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待<span lang=EN-US>fildes</span>所指对象已写输出数据被传送出去。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>218</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>tcdrain</span></u>(int
 fildes);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>/</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>fildes</span>��ָ�������ݵĽ��պͷ��͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>挂起<span lang=EN-US>/</span>重启<span
+lang=EN-US>fildes</span>所指对象数据的接收和发送。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>219</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>tcflow</span></u>(int
 fildes, int action);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>fildes</span>ָ������������д����û�����Լ��������յ�����û�ж�ȡ�����ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>丢弃<span lang=EN-US>fildes</span>指定对象所有已写但还没传送以及所有已收到但还没有读取的数据。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>220</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>tcflush</span></u>(int
 fildes, int queue_selector);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ����<span lang=EN-US>fildes</span>��Ӧ����Ĳ����������䱣����<span
-lang=EN-US>termios_p</span>��ָ�ĵط���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>获取与句柄<span lang=EN-US>fildes</span>对应对象的参数，并将其保存在<span
+lang=EN-US>termios_p</span>所指的地方。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>221</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>tcgetattr</span></u>(int
 fildes, struct <u><span style='color:blue'>termios</span></u> *termios_p);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ն�ʹ���첽�������ݴ��䣬����һ��ʱ������������һϵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>ֵ����λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果终端使用异步串行数据传输，则在一定时间内连续传输一系列<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>值比特位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>222</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>tcsendbreak</span></u>(int
 fildes, int duration);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>termios_p</span>��ָ�����ݣ��������ն���صĲ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>使用<span lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构指针<span
+lang=EN-US>termios_p</span>所指的数据，设置与终端相关的参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>223</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>tcsetattr</span></u>(int fildes,
@@ -84100,7 +84100,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448043"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447447"></a><a name="_Toc53320665"><span lang=EN-US>14.11 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-11 linux/include/time.h</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-11 linux/include/time.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -84124,8 +84124,8 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-11 linux
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u>
 typedef long <u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>GMT 1970</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����ҹ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>ʱ��ʼ�Ƶ�ʱ�䣨�룩��</p>
+// </span>从<span lang=EN-US>GMT 1970</span>年<span lang=EN-US>1</span>月<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>日午夜<span lang=EN-US>0</span>时起开始计的时间（秒）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 #endif</span></p>
@@ -84159,13 +84159,13 @@ typedef unsigned int <u><span style='color:blue'>size_t</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CLOCKS_PER_SEC</span></u> 100&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ϵͳʱ�ӵδ�Ƶ�ʣ�<span lang=EN-US>100HZ</span>��</p>
+// </span>系统时钟滴答频率，<span lang=EN-US>100HZ</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 typedef long <u><span style='color:blue'>clock_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ӽ��̿�ʼִ�м����ϵͳ������ʱ�ӵδ�����</p>
+// </span>从进程开始执行计起的系统经过的时钟滴答数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -84174,47 +84174,47 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tm</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int tm_sec;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US> [0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>59]</span>��</p>
+// </span>秒数<span lang=EN-US> [0</span>，<span lang=EN-US>59]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int tm_min;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������<span lang=EN-US> [ 0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>59]</span>��</p>
+// </span>分钟数<span lang=EN-US> [ 0</span>，<span lang=EN-US>59]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int tm_hour;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Сʱ��<span lang=EN-US> [0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>59]</span>��</p>
+// </span>小时数<span lang=EN-US> [0</span>，<span lang=EN-US>59]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;int tm_mday;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 1</span>���µ�����<span lang=EN-US> [0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>31]</span>��</p>
+// 1</span>个月的天数<span lang=EN-US> [0</span>，<span lang=EN-US>31]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int tm_mon;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 1</span>�����·�<span lang=EN-US> [0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>11]</span>��</p>
+// 1</span>年中月份<span lang=EN-US> [0</span>，<span lang=EN-US>11]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int tm_year;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1900</span>�꿪ʼ��������</p>
+// </span>从<span lang=EN-US>1900</span>年开始的年数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int tm_wday;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 1</span>�����е�ĳ��<span lang=EN-US> [0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>6]</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US> =0</span>����</p>
+// 1</span>星期中的某天<span lang=EN-US> [0</span>，<span lang=EN-US>6]</span>（星期天<span
+lang=EN-US> =0</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int tm_yday;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-1</span>���е�ĳ��<span lang=EN-US> [0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>365]</span>��</p>
+1</span>年中的某天<span lang=EN-US> [0</span>，<span lang=EN-US>365]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int tm_isdst;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʱ��־������<span lang=EN-US> - </span>ʹ�ã�<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>û��ʹ�ã�����<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>��Ч��</p>
+// </span>夏令时标志。正数<span lang=EN-US> - </span>使用；<span lang=EN-US>0 - </span>没有使用；负数<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>无效。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u> };</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж��Ƿ�Ϊ����ĺꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断是否为闰年的宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__isleap</span></u>(year)&nbsp; \</span></p>
@@ -84225,29 +84225,29 @@ lang=EN-US> - </span>��Ч��</p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
 </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������й�ʱ������ĺ���ԭ�͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下是有关时间操作的函数原型。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȷ��������ʹ��ʱ�䡣���س������ô�����ʱ�䣨�δ������Ľ���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>确定处理器使用时间。返回程序所用处理器时间（滴答数）的近似值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>clock_t</span></u> <u><span style='color:blue'>clock</span></u>(void);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡʱ�䣨�����������ش�<span
-lang=EN-US>1970.1.1:0:0:0</span>��ʼ����������Ϊ����ʱ�䣩��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取时间（秒数）。返回从<span
+lang=EN-US>1970.1.1:0:0:0</span>开始的秒数（称为日历时间）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u> <u><span style='color:blue'>time</span></u>(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u> * tp);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱ������ʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>time2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>time1</span>֮�侭����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>计算时间差。返回时间<span
+lang=EN-US>time2</span>与<span lang=EN-US>time1</span>之间经过的秒数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 double <u><span style='color:blue'>difftime</span></u>(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u> time2, <u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u>
 time1);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>tm</span>�ṹ��ʾ��ʱ��ת��������ʱ�䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将<span lang=EN-US>tm</span>结构表示的时间转换成日历时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u> <u><span style='color:blue'>mktime</span></u>(struct
@@ -84255,47 +84255,47 @@ style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u> <u><span style='color:blue'>mktime</span></
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>tm</span>�ṹ��ʾ��ʱ��ת����һ���ַ���������ָ��ô���ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将<span lang=EN-US>tm</span>结构表示的时间转换成一个字符串。返回指向该串的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 char * <u><span style='color:blue'>asctime</span></u>(const struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>tm</span></u> * tp);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʱ��ת����һ���ַ�����ʽ���硰<span
-lang=EN-US>Wed Jun 30 21:49:08:1993\n��</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将日历时间转换成一个字符串形式，如“<span
+lang=EN-US>Wed Jun 30 21:49:08:1993\n”</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 char * <u><span style='color:blue'>ctime</span></u>(const <u><span
 style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u> * tp);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʱ��ת����<span
-lang=EN-US>tm</span>�ṹ��ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>UTC</span>ʱ�䣨<span lang=EN-US>UTC - </span>����ʱ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>Universal Time Code</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将日历时间转换成<span
+lang=EN-US>tm</span>结构表示的<span lang=EN-US>UTC</span>时间（<span lang=EN-US>UTC - </span>世界时间代码<span
+lang=EN-US>Universal Time Code</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tm</span></u> * <u><span style='color:blue'>gmtime</span></u>(const
 <u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u> *tp);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʱ��ת����<span
-lang=EN-US>tm</span>�ṹ��ʾ��ָ��ʱ��<span lang=EN-US>(Time Zone)</span>��ʱ�䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将日历时间转换成<span
+lang=EN-US>tm</span>结构表示的指定时区<span lang=EN-US>(Time Zone)</span>的时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tm</span></u> *<u><span style='color:blue'>localtime</span></u>(const
 <u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u> * tp);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>tm</span>�ṹ��ʾ��ʱ�����ø�ʽ�ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>fmt</span>ת������󳤶�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>smax</span>���ַ�����������洢��<span
-lang=EN-US>s</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将<span lang=EN-US>tm</span>结构表示的时间利用格式字符串<span
+lang=EN-US>fmt</span>转换成最大长度为<span lang=EN-US>smax</span>的字符串并将结果存储在<span
+lang=EN-US>s</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>size_t</span></u> <u><span style='color:blue'>strftime</span></u>(char
 * s, <u><span style='color:blue'>size_t</span></u> smax, const char * fmt,
 const struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tm</span></u> * tp);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ��ʱ��ת����Ϣ��ʹ�û�������<span
-lang=EN-US>TZ</span>����<span lang=EN-US>zname</span>�������г�ʼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>初始化时间转换信息，使用环境变量<span
+lang=EN-US>TZ</span>，对<span lang=EN-US>zname</span>变量进行初始化。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱ����ص�ʱ��ת�������н��Զ����øú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在与时区相关的时间转换函数中将自动调用该函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>tzset</span></u>(void);</span></p>
@@ -84325,7 +84325,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448044"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447448"></a><a name="_Toc53320666"><span lang=EN-US>14.12 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-12 linux/include/unistd.h</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-12 linux/include/unistd.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -84344,53 +84344,53 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-12 linux
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u> <b><i>/*
 ok, this may be a joke, but I'm working on it */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* ok, </span>��Ҳ���Ǹ���Ц�������������ִ���<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* ok, </span>这也许是个玩笑，但我正在着手处理<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ų���ָ������<span
-lang=EN-US>IEEE</span>��׼<span lang=EN-US>1003.1</span>ʵ�ֵİ汾�ţ���һ������ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面符号常数指出符合<span
+lang=EN-US>IEEE</span>标准<span lang=EN-US>1003.1</span>实现的版本号，是一个整数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_POSIX_VERSION</span></u> 198808L</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // chown()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>fchown()</span>��ʹ�������ڽ��̵�Ȩ�ޡ�<span lang=EN-US>/* </span>ֻ�г����û�����ִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>chown</span>������<span lang=EN-US>..</span>��<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // chown()</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>fchown()</span>的使用受限于进程的权限。<span lang=EN-US>/* </span>只有超级用户可以执行<span
+lang=EN-US>chown</span>（我想<span lang=EN-US>..</span>）<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_POSIX_CHOWN_RESTRICTED</span></u> <b><i>/*
 only root can do a chown (I think..) */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>(NAME_MAX)</span>��·�������������󣬶������Զ��ضϡ�<span
-lang=EN-US>/* </span>·�������ضϣ������뿴�ں˴��룩<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>长于<span lang=EN-US>(NAME_MAX)</span>的路径名将产生错误，而不会自动截断。<span
+lang=EN-US>/* </span>路径名不截断（但是请看内核代码）<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_POSIX_NO_TRUNC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <b><i>/* no pathname truncation (but see in kernel) */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������Ž�������ַ�ֵ����ֵ����ֹ�ն˶���Ĵ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>/* </span>��ֹ��<span lang=EN-US>^C</span>�������ַ�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面这个符号将定义成字符值，该值将禁止终端对其的处理。<span
+lang=EN-US>/* </span>禁止象<span lang=EN-US>^C</span>这样的字符<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // _POSIX_VDISABLE</span>���ڿ����ն�ĳЩ�����ַ��Ĺ��ܡ���һ���ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>c_cc[]</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // _POSIX_VDISABLE</span>用于控制终端某些特殊字符的功能。当一个终端<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构中<span lang=EN-US>c_cc[]</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ĳ���ַ�����ֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>��ֵʱ����ʾ��ֹʹ����Ӧ�������ַ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数组某项字符代码值等于<span
+lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>的值时，表示禁止使用相应的特殊字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span></u> <i>'\0'</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <b><i>/* character to disable things like ^C */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳʵ��֧����ҵ���ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统实现支持作业控制。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;<u>10</u></span><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_POSIX_JOB_CONTROL</span></u></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ÿ�����̶���һ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>set-user-ID</span>��һ�����<span lang=EN-US>set-group-ID</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US> /* </span>�Ѿ�ʵ�֡�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>每个进程都有一保存的<span
+lang=EN-US>set-user-ID</span>和一保存的<span lang=EN-US>set-group-ID</span>。<span
+lang=EN-US> /* </span>已经实现。<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_POSIX_SAVED_IDS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -84400,15 +84400,15 @@ lang=EN-US> /* </span>�Ѿ�ʵ�֡�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>STDIN_FILENO</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��׼�����ļ���������������š�</p>
+// </span>标准输入文件句柄（描述符）号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>STDOUT_FILENO</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��׼����ļ�����š�</p>
+// </span>标准输出文件句柄号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>STDERR_FILENO</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��׼�����ļ�����š�</p>
+// </span>标准出错文件句柄号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -84417,7 +84417,7 @@ lang=EN-US> /* </span>�Ѿ�ʵ�֡�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ((void
-*)0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ָ�롣</p>
+*)0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义空指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 #endif</span></p>
@@ -84425,128 +84425,128 @@ lang=EN-US> /* </span>�Ѿ�ʵ�֡�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u> <b><i>/*
-access */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�ļ�����<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+access */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>文件访问<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���¶���ķ��ų�������<span
-lang=EN-US>access()</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下定义的符号常数用于<span
+lang=EN-US>access()</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>F_OK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ļ��Ƿ���ڡ�</p>
+// </span>检测文件是否存在。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>X_OK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ƿ��ִ�У���������</p>
+// </span>检测是否可执行（搜索）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>W_OK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ƿ��д��</p>
+// </span>检测是否可写。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>R_OK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ƿ�ɶ���</p>
+// </span>检测是否可读。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u> <b><i>/*
-lseek */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�ļ�ָ���ض�λ<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+lseek */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>文件指针重定位<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���·��ų�������<span
-lang=EN-US>lseek()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>fcntl()</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下符号常数用于<span
+lang=EN-US>lseek()</span>和<span lang=EN-US>fcntl()</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SEEK_SET</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ���дָ������Ϊƫ��ֵ��</p>
+0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将文件读写指针设置为偏移值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u> #define
 <u><span style='color:blue'>SEEK_CUR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ���дָ������Ϊ��ǰֵ����ƫ��ֵ��</p>
+1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将文件读写指针设置为当前值加上偏移值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SEEK_END</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ���дָ������Ϊ�ļ����ȼ���ƫ��ֵ��</p>
+2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将文件读写指针设置为文件长度加上偏移值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u> <b><i>/*
 _SC stands for System Configuration. We don't use them much */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* _SC</span>��ʾϵͳ���á����Ǻ���ʹ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* _SC</span>表示系统配置。我们很少使用<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ķ��ų�������<span
-lang=EN-US>sysconf()</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面的符号常数用于<span
+lang=EN-US>sysconf()</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_SC_ARG_MAX</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������</p>
+1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最大变量数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_SC_CHILD_MAX</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ӽ����������</p>
+2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>子进程最大数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_SC_CLOCKS_PER_SEC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ÿ��δ�����</p>
+3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>每秒滴答数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_SC_NGROUPS_MAX</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������</p>
+4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最大组数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_SC_OPEN_MAX</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ļ�����</p>
+5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最大打开文件数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_SC_JOB_CONTROL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ҵ���ơ�</p>
+6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>作业控制。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_SC_SAVED_IDS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ı�ʶ����</p>
+7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>保存的标识符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_SC_VERSION</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�汾��</p>
+8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>版本。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u> <b><i>/*
 more (possibly) configurable things - now pathnames */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����ģ����ܵģ������ò���<span
-lang=EN-US> - </span>��������·����<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>更多的（可能的）可配置参数<span
+lang=EN-US> - </span>现在用于路径名<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ķ��ų�������<span
-lang=EN-US>pathconf()</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面的符号常数用于<span
+lang=EN-US>pathconf()</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_PC_LINK_MAX</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������</p>
+1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>连接最大数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_PC_MAX_CANON</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��󳣹��ļ�����</p>
+2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最大常规文件数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_PC_MAX_INPUT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������볤�ȡ�</p>
+3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最大输入长度。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_PC_NAME_MAX</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������󳤶ȡ�</p>
+4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>名称最大长度。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_PC_PATH_MAX</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>·����󳤶ȡ�</p>
+5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>路径最大长度。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_PC_PIPE_BUF</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ܵ������С��</p>
+6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>管道缓冲大小。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_PC_NO_TRUNC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ������ضϡ�</p>
+7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件名不截断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_PC_VDISABLE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -84554,30 +84554,30 @@ lang=EN-US>pathconf()</span>������</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_PC_CHOWN_RESTRICTED</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ı��������ޡ�</p>
+9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>改变宿主受限。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�״̬ͷ�ļ��������ļ����ļ�ϵͳ״̬�ṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>�ͳ�����</p>
+#include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件状态头文件。含有文件或文件系统状态结构<span
+lang=EN-US>stat{}</span>和常量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;<u>54</u></span><span
 lang=EN-US> #include &lt;sys/time.h&gt;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/times.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����˽���������ʱ��ṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>tms</span>�Լ�<span lang=EN-US>times()</span>����ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/times.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义了进程中运行时间结构<span
+lang=EN-US>tms</span>以及<span lang=EN-US>times()</span>函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/utsname.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ���ƽṹͷ�ļ���</p>
+#include &lt;sys/utsname.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span>系统名称结构头文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;<u>57</u></span><span
 lang=EN-US> #include &lt;sys/resource.h&gt;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>
-#include &lt;utime.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�û�ʱ��ͷ�ļ��������˷��ʺ��޸�ʱ��ṹ�Լ�<span
-lang=EN-US>utime()</span>ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;utime.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用户时间头文件。定义了访问和修改时间结构以及<span
+lang=EN-US>utime()</span>原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -84587,8 +84587,8 @@ lang=EN-US>utime()</span>ԭ�͡�</p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u><span
 style='color:blue'> </span></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʵ�ֵ�ϵͳ���÷��ų���������ϵͳ���ú�����������ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�μ�<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/sys.h) </span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下是实现的系统调用符号常数，用作系统调用函数表中索引值<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>参见<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/sys.h) </span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__NR_setup</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -84597,7 +84597,7 @@ going */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__NR_exit</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* __NR_setup</span>�����ڳ�ʼ����������ϵͳ<span
+1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* __NR_setup</span>仅用于初始化，以启动系统<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>
@@ -84936,31 +84936,31 @@ lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__NR_uselib</span></u>&nbsp;&nbs
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���¶���ϵͳ����Ƕ��ʽ���꺯����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下定义系统调用嵌入式汇编宏函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ϵͳ���ú꺯����<span
-lang=EN-US>type name(void)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>不带参数的系统调用宏函数。<span
+lang=EN-US>type name(void)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(__res)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(__NR_##name)</span>������<span lang=EN-US>name</span>��ϵͳ���õ����ƣ���
-<span lang=EN-US>__NR_ </span>����γ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(__res)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(__NR_##name)</span>。其中<span lang=EN-US>name</span>是系统调用的名称，与
+<span lang=EN-US>__NR_ </span>组合形成上面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ϵͳ���÷��ų������Ӷ�������ϵͳ���ñ��к���ָ��Ѱַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的系统调用符号常数，从而用来对系统调用表中函数指针寻址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��������ֵ���ڵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>���򷵻ظ�ֵ�������ó�����<span lang=EN-US>errno</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>-1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：如果返回值大于等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则返回该值，否则置出错号<span lang=EN-US>errno</span>，并返回<span
+lang=EN-US>-1</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں궨���У�����������Ƿ���֮�������������ľ���<span
-lang=EN-US>'##'</span>�����ʾ�ں��滻ʱ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在宏定义中，若在两个标记符号之间有两个连续的井号<span
+lang=EN-US>'##'</span>，则表示在宏替换时会把这两个标记</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������һ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>139</span>���ϵ�<span lang=EN-US>__NR_##name</span>�����滻�˲���<span
-lang=EN-US>name</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>fork</span>��֮��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符号连接在一起。例如下面第<span
+lang=EN-US>139</span>行上的<span lang=EN-US>__NR_##name</span>，在替换了参数<span
+lang=EN-US>name</span>（例如是<span lang=EN-US>fork</span>）之后，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ڳ����г��ֵĽ����Ƿ���<span
-lang=EN-US>__NR_fork</span>���μ���<span lang=EN-US>The C Programming Language</span>����¼<span
-lang=EN-US>A.12.3</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后在程序中出现的将会是符号<span
+lang=EN-US>__NR_fork</span>。参见《<span lang=EN-US>The C Programming Language</span>》附录<span
+lang=EN-US>A.12.3</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_syscall0</span></u>(type,name)
@@ -84977,22 +84977,22 @@ lang=EN-US> long __res; \</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__ volatile (<i>&quot;int $0x80&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ϵͳ�ж�<span lang=EN-US>0x80</span>��</p>
+// </span>调用系统中断<span lang=EN-US>0x80</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; : <i>&quot;=a&quot;</i>
 (__res) \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ֵ<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>eax(__res)</span>��</p>
+// </span>返回值<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US>eax(__res)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; : <i>&quot;0&quot;</i>
-(__NR_##name)); \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ϊϵͳ�жϵ��ú�<span
-lang=EN-US>__NR_name</span>��</p>
+(__NR_##name)); \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入为系统中断调用号<span
+lang=EN-US>__NR_name</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> if (__res &gt;= 0) \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ֵ<span lang=EN-US>&gt;=0</span>����ֱ�ӷ��ظ�ֵ��</p>
+// </span>如果返回值<span lang=EN-US>&gt;=0</span>，则直接返回该值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return (type)
@@ -85000,7 +85000,7 @@ __res; \</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <u><span style='color:blue'>errno</span></u> = -__res; \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ó����ţ�������<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>��</p>
+// </span>否则置出错号，并返回<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> return -1; \</span></p>
@@ -85011,11 +85011,11 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��������ϵͳ���ú꺯����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数的系统调用宏函数。<span
 lang=EN-US>type name(atype a)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(__res)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(__NR_name)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 - ebx(a)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(__res)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(__NR_name)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2 - ebx(a)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_syscall1</span></u>(type,name,atype,a)
@@ -85060,12 +85060,12 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��������ϵͳ���ú꺯����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个参数的系统调用宏函数。<span
 lang=EN-US>type name(atype a, btype b)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(__res)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(__NR_name)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 - ebx(a)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(b)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(__res)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(__NR_name)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2 - ebx(a)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(b)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_syscall2</span></u>(type,name,atype,a,btype,b)
@@ -85111,12 +85111,12 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>3</span>��������ϵͳ���ú꺯����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个参数的系统调用宏函数。<span
 lang=EN-US>type name(atype a, btype b, ctype c)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(__res)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(__NR_name)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 - ebx(a)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(b)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%4 - edx(c)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(__res)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(__NR_name)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%2 - ebx(a)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(b)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%4 - edx(c)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_syscall3</span></u>(type,name,atype,a,btype,b,ctype,c)
@@ -85170,13 +85170,13 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>errno</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ţ�ȫ�ֱ�����</p>
+// </span>出错号，全局变量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӧ��ϵͳ���õĺ���ԭ�Ͷ��塣<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��ϸ˵���μ�<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/sys.h )</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对应各系统调用的函数原型定义。<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>详细说明参见<span lang=EN-US>include/linux/sys.h )</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>206</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>access</span></u>(const char *
@@ -85249,13 +85249,13 @@ style='color:blue'>file</span></u>, char * arg0, ...);</span></p>
 lang=EN-US> int <u><span style='color:blue'>execle</span></u>(const char *
 pathname, char * arg0, ...);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ǰ�Ĺؼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>volatile</span>���ڸ��߱�����<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>�ú������᷵�ء���������<span
-lang=EN-US>gcc</span>��������һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数名前的关键字<span
+lang=EN-US>volatile</span>用于告诉编译器<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>该函数不会返回。这样可让<span
+lang=EN-US>gcc</span>产生更好一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Щ�Ĵ��룬����Ҫ����ʹ������ؼ��ֿ��Ա������ĳЩ��δ��ʼ�������ģ��پ�����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>些的代码，更重要的是使用这个关键字可以避免产生某些（未初始化变量的）假警告信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ͬ��<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>�ĺ�������˵����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等同于<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>的函数属性说明：<span
 lang=EN-US>void do_exit(int error_code) __attribute__ ((noreturn));</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>224</span></u><span
@@ -85503,7 +85503,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448045"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447449"></a><a name="_Toc53320667"><span lang=EN-US>14.13 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-13 linux/include/utime.h</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-13 linux/include/utime.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -85523,25 +85523,25 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-13 linux
 #include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp; /* I know - shouldn't do this, but .. */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/*
-</span>��֪��<span lang=EN-US> - </span>��Ӧ��������������<span lang=EN-US>.. */</span></p>
+</span>我知道<span lang=EN-US> - </span>不应该这样做，但是<span lang=EN-US>.. */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>utimbuf</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u>
-actime;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�����ʱ�䡣��<span
-lang=EN-US>1970.1.1:0:0:0</span>��ʼ��������</p>
+actime;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件访问时间。从<span
+lang=EN-US>1970.1.1:0:0:0</span>开始的秒数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u> modtime;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ��޸�ʱ�䡣��<span lang=EN-US>1970.1.1:0:0:0</span>��ʼ��������</p>
+// </span>文件修改时间。从<span lang=EN-US>1970.1.1:0:0:0</span>开始的秒数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> };</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ļ����ʺ��޸�ʱ�亯����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置文件访问和修改时间函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>utime</span></u>(const char *filename,
@@ -85571,7 +85571,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448046"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447450"></a><a name="_Toc53320669"><span lang=EN-US>14.14 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-14 linux/include/asm/io.h</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-14 linux/include/asm/io.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -85579,10 +85579,10 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-14 linux
 
 </span></div>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>Ӳ���˿��ֽ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>硬件端口字节输出函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>value
-- </span>������ֽڣ�<span lang=EN-US>port - </span>�˿ڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>value
+- </span>欲输出字节；<span lang=EN-US>port - </span>端口。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>1</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>outb</span></u>(value,port) \</span></p>
@@ -85595,10 +85595,10 @@ __asm__ (<i>&quot;outb %%al,%%dx&quot;</i>::<i>&quot;a&quot;</i> (value),<i>&quo
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>Ӳ���˿��ֽ����뺯����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>硬件端口字节输入函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>port
-- </span>�˿ڡ����ض�ȡ���ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>port
+- </span>端口。返回读取的字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>inb</span></u>(port) ({ \</span></p>
@@ -85617,10 +85617,10 @@ __asm__ volatile (<i>&quot;inb %%dx,%%al&quot;</i>:<i>&quot;=a&quot;</i> (_v):<i
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ӳٵ�Ӳ���˿��ֽ����������ʹ��������ת������ӳ�һ�ᡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>带延迟的硬件端口字节输出函数。使用两条跳转语句来延迟一会。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>value
-- </span>������ֽڣ�<span lang=EN-US>port - </span>�˿ڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>value
+- </span>欲输出字节；<span lang=EN-US>port - </span>端口。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>outb_p</span></u>(value,port) \</span></p>
@@ -85631,12 +85631,12 @@ __asm__ (<i>&quot;outb %%al,%%dx\n&quot;</i> \</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;\tjmp 1f\n&quot;</i>
 \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��������һ����䴦����</p>
+// </span>向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>处（即下一条语句处）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;1:\tjmp 1f\n&quot;</i>
-\&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ��ת�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+\&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>向前跳转到标号<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;1:&quot;</i>::<i>&quot;a&quot;</i> (value),<i>&quot;d&quot;</i>
@@ -85644,10 +85644,10 @@ lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ӳٵ�Ӳ���˿��ֽ����뺯����ʹ��������ת������ӳ�һ�ᡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>带延迟的硬件端口字节输入函数。使用两条跳转语句来延迟一会。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>port
-- </span>�˿ڡ����ض�ȡ���ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>port
+- </span>端口。返回读取的字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>inb_p</span></u>(port) ({ \</span></p>
@@ -85661,13 +85661,13 @@ __asm__ volatile (<i>&quot;inb %%dx,%%al\n&quot;</i> \</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;\tjmp 1f\n&quot;</i>
 \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��ǰ��ת�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��������һ����䴦����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>向前跳转到标号<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>处（即下一条语句处）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;1:\tjmp 1f\n&quot;</i>
 \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��ǰ��ת�����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+</span>向前跳转到标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;1:&quot;</i>:<i>&quot;=a&quot;</i> (_v):<i>&quot;d&quot;</i> (port));
@@ -85696,7 +85696,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448047"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447451"></a><a name="_Toc53320670"><span lang=EN-US>14.15 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-15
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-15
 linux/include/asm/memory.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -85726,29 +85726,29 @@ es deserves to die if it isn't careful.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע��<span
-lang=EN-US>!!!memcpy(dest,src,n)</span>����μĴ���<span lang=EN-US>ds=es=</span>ͨ�����ݶΡ����ں���ʹ�õ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意<span
+lang=EN-US>!!!memcpy(dest,src,n)</span>假设段寄存器<span lang=EN-US>ds=es=</span>通常数据段。在内核中使用的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���к��������ڸü��裨<span
-lang=EN-US>ds=es=</span>�ں˿ռ䣬<span lang=EN-US>fs=</span>�ֲ����ݿռ䣬<span
-lang=EN-US>gs=null</span>��<span lang=EN-US>,</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>所有函数都基于该假设（<span
+lang=EN-US>ds=es=</span>内核空间，<span lang=EN-US>fs=</span>局部数据空间，<span
+lang=EN-US>gs=null</span>）<span lang=EN-US>,</span>具有良好</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Ϊ��Ӧ�ó���Ҳ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>ds=es=</span>�û����ݿռ䣩������κ��û���������Ķ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>行为的应用程序也是这样（<span
+lang=EN-US>ds=es=</span>用户数据空间）。如果任何用户程序随意改动了</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * es</span>�Ĵ������������򲢲�������ϵͳ���������ɵġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * es</span>寄存器而出错，则并不是由于系统程序错误造成的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ڴ�鸴�ơ���Դ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>src</span>����ʼ����<span lang=EN-US>n</span>���ֽڵ�Ŀ�ĵ�ַ<span lang=EN-US>dest</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>内存块复制。从源地址<span
+lang=EN-US>src</span>处开始复制<span lang=EN-US>n</span>个字节到目的地址<span lang=EN-US>dest</span>处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>dest
-- </span>���Ƶ�Ŀ�ĵ�ַ��<span lang=EN-US>src - </span>���Ƶ�Դ��ַ��<span lang=EN-US>n - </span>�����ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>dest
+- </span>复制的目的地址，<span lang=EN-US>src - </span>复制的源地址，<span lang=EN-US>n - </span>复制字节数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - edi(</span>Ŀ�ĵ�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>dest)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - esi(</span>Դ��ַ<span lang=EN-US>src)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%2 - ecx(</span>�ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>n)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - edi(</span>目的地址<span
+lang=EN-US>dest)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>%1 - esi(</span>源地址<span lang=EN-US>src)</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>%2 - ecx(</span>字节数<span lang=EN-US>n)</span>，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>memcpy</span></u>(dest,src,n) ({ \</span></p>
@@ -85758,11 +85758,11 @@ void * _res = dest; \</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
 __asm__ (<i>&quot;cld;rep;movsb&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span>���Ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>esi++</span>��<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>��</p>
+// </span>从<span lang=EN-US>ds:[esi]</span>复制到<span lang=EN-US>es:[edi]</span>，并且<span
+lang=EN-US>esi++</span>，<span lang=EN-US>edi++</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������<span lang=EN-US>ecx(n)</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>共复制<span lang=EN-US>ecx(n)</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ::<i>&quot;D&quot;</i> ((long)(_res)),<i>&quot;S&quot;</i> ((long)(src)),<i>&quot;c&quot;</i>
@@ -85794,7 +85794,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448048"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447452"></a><a name="_Toc53320671"><span lang=EN-US>14.16 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-16
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-16
 linux/include/asm/segment.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -85803,19 +85803,19 @@ linux/include/asm/segment.h</span></a></h2>
 
 </span></div>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>����ָ����ַ�����ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>读取<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>段中指定地址处的字节。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>addr
-- </span>ָ�����ڴ��ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>addr
+- </span>指定的内存地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - (</span>���ص��ֽ�<span
-lang=EN-US>_v)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - (</span>�ڴ��ַ<span lang=EN-US>addr)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - (</span>返回的字节<span
+lang=EN-US>_v)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - (</span>内存地址<span lang=EN-US>addr)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ������ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>fs:[addr]</span>�����ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：返回内存<span
+lang=EN-US>fs:[addr]</span>处的字节。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>3</span>�ж�����һ���Ĵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>_v</span>���ñ�������������һ���Ĵ����У��Ա��ڸ�Ч���ʺͲ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>3</span>行定义了一个寄存器变量<span
+lang=EN-US>_v</span>，该变量将被保存在一个寄存器中，以便于高效访问和操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>1</span></u>
 extern inline unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_byte</span></u>(const
@@ -85839,16 +85839,16 @@ return _v;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>����ָ����ַ�����֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>读取<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>段中指定地址处的字。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>addr
-- </span>ָ�����ڴ��ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>addr
+- </span>指定的内存地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - (</span>���ص���<span
-lang=EN-US>_v)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - (</span>�ڴ��ַ<span lang=EN-US>addr)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - (</span>返回的字<span
+lang=EN-US>_v)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - (</span>内存地址<span lang=EN-US>addr)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ������ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>fs:[addr]</span>�����֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：返回内存<span
+lang=EN-US>fs:[addr]</span>处的字。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
 extern inline unsigned short <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_word</span></u>(const
@@ -85872,17 +85872,17 @@ return _v;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>����ָ����ַ���ĳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(4</span>�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>读取<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>段中指定地址处的长字<span
+lang=EN-US>(4</span>字节<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>addr
-- </span>ָ�����ڴ��ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>addr
+- </span>指定的内存地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - (</span>���صĳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>_v)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - (</span>�ڴ��ַ<span lang=EN-US>addr)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - (</span>返回的长字<span
+lang=EN-US>_v)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - (</span>内存地址<span lang=EN-US>addr)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ������ڴ�<span
-lang=EN-US>fs:[addr]</span>���ĳ��֡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：返回内存<span
+lang=EN-US>fs:[addr]</span>处的长字。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 extern inline unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs_long</span></u>(const
@@ -85906,15 +85906,15 @@ return _v;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��һ�ֽڴ����<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>����ָ���ڴ��ַ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>将一字节存放在<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>段中指定内存地址处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>val
-- </span>�ֽ�ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>�ڴ��ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>val
+- </span>字节值；<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>内存地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - </span>�Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�ֽ�ֵ<span lang=EN-US>val)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - (</span>�ڴ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - </span>寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>字节值<span lang=EN-US>val)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - (</span>内存地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 extern inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>put_fs_byte</span></u>(char
@@ -85930,15 +85930,15 @@ __asm__ (<i>&quot;movb %0,%%fs:%1&quot;</i>::<i>&quot;r&quot;</i> (val),<i>&quot
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��һ�ִ����<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>����ָ���ڴ��ַ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>将一字存放在<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>段中指定内存地址处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>val
-- </span>��ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>�ڴ��ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>val
+- </span>字值；<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>内存地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - </span>�Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>val)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - (</span>�ڴ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - </span>寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>字值<span lang=EN-US>val)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - (</span>内存地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 extern inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>put_fs_word</span></u>(short
@@ -85954,15 +85954,15 @@ __asm__ (<i>&quot;movw %0,%%fs:%1&quot;</i>::<i>&quot;r&quot;</i> (val),<i>&quot
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��һ���ִ����<span
-lang=EN-US>fs</span>����ָ���ڴ��ַ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>将一长字存放在<span
+lang=EN-US>fs</span>段中指定内存地址处。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>val
-- </span>����ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>�ڴ��ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>val
+- </span>长字值；<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>内存地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - </span>�Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����ֵ<span lang=EN-US>val)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - (</span>�ڴ��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - </span>寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>长字值<span lang=EN-US>val)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - (</span>内存地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
 extern inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>put_fs_long</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -85996,25 +85996,25 @@ It seems to work, but I don't know if I'm doing something subtly wrong.</i></b><
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���Ҹ���<span
-lang=EN-US>GNU</span>������Ӧ����ϸ�������Ĵ��롣��Щ������ʹ�ã����Ҳ�֪���Ƿ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>比我更懂<span
+lang=EN-US>GNU</span>汇编的人应该仔细检查下面的代码。这些代码能使用，但我不知道是否</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����һЩС����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>含有一些小错误。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * --- TYT</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>1991</span>��<span lang=EN-US>11</span>��<span lang=EN-US>24</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * --- TYT</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>1991</span>年<span lang=EN-US>11</span>月<span lang=EN-US>24</span>日</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * [ </span>��Щ����û�д���<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * [ </span>这些代码没有错误，<span
 lang=EN-US>Linus ]</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>�μĴ���ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>ѡ���<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>取<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>段寄存器值<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>选择符<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ�<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>�μĴ���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>段寄存器值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 extern inline unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>get_fs</span></u>() </span></p>
@@ -86034,9 +86034,9 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;mov %%fs,%%ax&quot;</i>:<i>&quot;=a&quot;</i> (_v):);</span></p
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>�μĴ���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>取<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>段寄存器值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ�<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>�μĴ���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>段寄存器值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>
 extern inline unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>get_ds</span></u>() </span></p>
@@ -86056,10 +86056,10 @@ return _v;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>�μĴ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>设置<span lang=EN-US>fs</span>段寄存器。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>val
-- </span>��ֵ��ѡ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>val
+- </span>段值（选择符）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>
 extern inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>set_fs</span></u>(unsigned long
@@ -86093,7 +86093,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448049"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447453"></a><a name="_Toc57984849"></a><a name="_Toc53320672"><span
-lang=EN-US>14.17 </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-17
+lang=EN-US>14.17 </span><span style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-17
 linux/include/asm/system.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -86102,50 +86102,50 @@ linux/include/asm/system.h</span></a></h2>
 
 </span></div>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ƶ����û�ģʽ���С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>移动到用户模式运行。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�������<span lang=EN-US>iret</span>ָ��ʵ�ִ��ں�ģʽ�ƶ�����ʼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��ȥִ�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该函数利用<span lang=EN-US>iret</span>指令实现从内核模式移动到初始任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>中去执行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>1</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>move_to_user_mode</span></u>() \</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>2</span></u>
 __asm__ (<i>&quot;movl %%esp,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ջָ��<span lang=EN-US>esp</span>��<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>�Ĵ����С�</p>
+// </span>保存堆栈指针<span lang=EN-US>esp</span>到<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>寄存器中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>3</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;pushl $0x17\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Ƚ���ջ��ѡ���<span lang=EN-US>(SS)</span>��ջ��</p>
+// </span>首先将堆栈段选择符<span lang=EN-US>(SS)</span>入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;pushl %%eax\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ȼ�󽫱���Ķ�ջָ��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>(esp)</span>��ջ��</p>
+// </span>然后将保存的堆栈指针值<span lang=EN-US>(esp)</span>入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;pushfl\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����־�Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US>(eflags)</span>������ջ��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>将标志寄存器<span lang=EN-US>(eflags)</span>内容入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;pushl $0x0f\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>Task0</span>�����ѡ���<span lang=EN-US>(cs)</span>��ջ��</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>Task0</span>代码段选择符<span lang=EN-US>(cs)</span>入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;pushl $1f\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ƫ�Ƶ�ַ<span lang=EN-US>(eip)</span>��ջ��</p>
+// </span>将下面标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>的偏移地址<span lang=EN-US>(eip)</span>入栈。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;iret\n&quot;</i>
 \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ִ���жϷ���ָ������ת��������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����</p>
+// </span>执行中断返回指令，则会跳转到下面标号<span lang=EN-US>1</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<i>&quot;1:\tmovl $0x17,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ��ʼִ������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<i>&quot;1:\tmovl $0x17,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时开始执行任务<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;movw %%ax,%%ds\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ���μĴ���ָ�򱾾ֲ��������ݶΡ�</p>
+// </span>初始化段寄存器指向本局部表的数据段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;movw %%ax,%%es\n\t&quot;</i> \</span></p>
@@ -86163,44 +86163,44 @@ lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>sti</span></u>() __asm__ (<i>&quot;sti&quot;</i>::)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ж�Ƕ����꺯����</p>
+// </span>开中断嵌入汇编宏函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>cli</span></u>() __asm__ (<i>&quot;cli&quot;</i>::)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���жϡ�</p>
+// </span>关中断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>nop</span></u>() __asm__ (<i>&quot;nop&quot;</i>::)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ղ�����</p>
+// </span>空操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>iret</span></u>() __asm__ (<i>&quot;iret&quot;</i>::)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�жϷ��ء�</p>
+// </span>中断返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�������������ꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>设置门描述符宏。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݲ����е��жϻ��쳣�������̵�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>��������������<span lang=EN-US>type</span>����Ȩ����Ϣ<span
-lang=EN-US>dpl</span>������λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据参数中的中断或异常处理过程地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>、门描述符类型<span lang=EN-US>type</span>和特权级信息<span
+lang=EN-US>dpl</span>，设置位于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ַ<span lang=EN-US>gate_addr</span>����������������ע�⣺���桰ƫ�ơ�ֵ��������ں˴�������ݶ���˵�ģ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>地址<span lang=EN-US>gate_addr</span>处的门描述符。（注意：下面“偏移”值是相对于内核代码或数据段来说的）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>gate_addr
--</span>��������ַ��<span lang=EN-US>type -</span>������������ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>dpl -</span>��������Ȩ����<span
-lang=EN-US>addr -</span>ƫ�Ƶ�ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>gate_addr
+-</span>描述符地址；<span lang=EN-US>type -</span>描述符类型域值；<span lang=EN-US>dpl -</span>描述符特权级；<span
+lang=EN-US>addr -</span>偏移地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - (</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>dpl,type</span>��ϳɵ����ͱ�־��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1
-- (</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڵ�ַ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - (</span>由<span
+lang=EN-US>dpl,type</span>组合成的类型标志字<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1
+- (</span>描述符低<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节地址<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %2 - (</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڵ�ַ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%3 - edx(</span>����ƫ�Ƶ�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%4 - eax(</span>�����к��ж�ѡ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0x8)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %2 - (</span>描述符高<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>字节地址<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%3 - edx(</span>程序偏移地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%4 - eax(</span>高字中含有段选择符<span
+lang=EN-US>0x8)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_set_gate</span></u>(gate_addr,type,dpl,addr)
@@ -86208,15 +86208,15 @@ lang=EN-US>0x8)</span>��</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 __asm__ (<i>&quot;movw %%dx,%%ax\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ƫ�Ƶ�ַ������ѡ�����ϳ���������<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>(eax)</span>��</p>
+// </span>将偏移地址低字与选择符组合成描述符低<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节<span lang=EN-US>(eax)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;movw %0,%%dx\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ͱ�־����ƫ�Ƹ�����ϳ���������<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>(edx)</span>��</p>
+// </span>将类型标志字与偏移高字组合成描述符高<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节<span lang=EN-US>(edx)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;movl %%eax,%1\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ֱ��������������ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽں͸�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>分别设置门描述符的低<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节和高<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>&quot;movl %%edx,%2&quot;</i> \</span></p>
@@ -86238,14 +86238,14 @@ __asm__ (<i>&quot;movw %%dx,%%ax\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ж��ź������Զ����������жϣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>设置中断门函数（自动屏蔽随后的中断）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>n
-- </span>�жϺţ�<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>�жϳ���ƫ�Ƶ�ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>n
+- </span>中断号；<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>中断程序偏移地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &amp;idt[n]</span>���ж������������жϺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>n</span>��Ӧ���ƫ��ֵ���ж���������������<span lang=EN-US>14</span>����Ȩ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &amp;idt[n]</span>是中断描述符表中中断号<span
+lang=EN-US>n</span>对应项的偏移值；中断描述符的类型是<span lang=EN-US>14</span>，特权级是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>set_intr_gate</span></u>(n,addr) \</span></p>
@@ -86256,14 +86256,14 @@ style='color:blue'>idt</span></u>[n],14,0,addr)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���������ź�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>设置陷阱门函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>n
-- </span>�жϺţ�<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>�жϳ���ƫ�Ƶ�ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>n
+- </span>中断号；<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>中断程序偏移地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &amp;idt[n]</span>���ж������������жϺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>n</span>��Ӧ���ƫ��ֵ���ж���������������<span lang=EN-US>15</span>����Ȩ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &amp;idt[n]</span>是中断描述符表中中断号<span
+lang=EN-US>n</span>对应项的偏移值；中断描述符的类型是<span lang=EN-US>15</span>，特权级是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>set_trap_gate</span></u>(n,addr) \</span></p>
@@ -86274,19 +86274,19 @@ style='color:blue'>idt</span></u>[n],15,0,addr)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����ϵͳ�����ź�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>设置系统陷阱门函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>set_trap_gate()</span>���õ�����������Ȩ��Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>3</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>set_system_gate()</span>���õ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>上面<span lang=EN-US>set_trap_gate()</span>设置的描述符的特权级为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，而这里是<span lang=EN-US>3</span>。因此<span lang=EN-US>set_system_gate()</span>设置的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�жϴ��������ܹ������г���ִ�С����絥�����ԡ���������ͱ߽糬������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中断处理过程能够被所有程序执行。例如单步调试、溢出出错和边界超出出错处理。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>n
-- </span>�жϺţ�<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>�жϳ���ƫ�Ƶ�ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>n
+- </span>中断号；<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>中断程序偏移地址。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &amp;idt[n]</span>���ж������������жϺ�<span
-lang=EN-US>n</span>��Ӧ���ƫ��ֵ���ж���������������<span lang=EN-US>15</span>����Ȩ����<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // &amp;idt[n]</span>是中断描述符表中中断号<span
+lang=EN-US>n</span>对应项的偏移值；中断描述符的类型是<span lang=EN-US>15</span>，特权级是<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>set_system_gate</span></u>(n,addr) \</span></p>
@@ -86297,19 +86297,19 @@ style='color:blue'>idt</span></u>[n],15,3,addr)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ö��������������ں���û���õ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>设置段描述符函数（内核中没有用到）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>gate_addr
--</span>��������ַ��<span lang=EN-US>type -</span>��������������ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>dpl -</span>��������Ȩ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>gate_addr
+-</span>描述符地址；<span lang=EN-US>type -</span>描述符中类型域值；<span lang=EN-US>dpl -</span>描述符特权层值；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // base - </span>�εĻ���ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>limit - </span>���޳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // base - </span>段的基地址；<span
+lang=EN-US>limit - </span>段限长。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��μ����������ĸ�ʽ��ע�⣬���︳ֵ����Ū���ˡ�<span
-lang=EN-US>43</span>��Ӧ���� <span lang=EN-US>*((gate_addr)+1)</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>请参见段描述符的格式。注意，这里赋值对象弄反了。<span
+lang=EN-US>43</span>行应该是 <span lang=EN-US>*((gate_addr)+1)</span>，而</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 49</span>�в��� <span
-lang=EN-US>*(gate_addr)</span>�������ں˴�����û���õ�����꣬����<span lang=EN-US>Linus</span>û�в��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 49</span>行才是 <span
+lang=EN-US>*(gate_addr)</span>。不过内核代码中没有用到这个宏，所以<span lang=EN-US>Linus</span>没有察觉<span
 lang=EN-US> :-)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
@@ -86318,7 +86318,7 @@ lang=EN-US> :-)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 *(gate_addr) = ((base) &amp; 0xff000000) | \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>描述符低<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (((base) &amp; 0x00ff0000)&gt;&gt;16) | \</span></p>
@@ -86336,74 +86336,74 @@ lang=EN-US> :-)</span></p>
 ((type)&lt;&lt;8); \</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*((gate_addr)+1) = (((base) &amp; 0x0000ffff)&lt;&lt;16) | \&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+*((gate_addr)+1) = (((base) &amp; 0x0000ffff)&lt;&lt;16) | \&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>描述符高<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ((limit) &amp; 0x0ffff); }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ȫ�ֱ�����������״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ֲ�����������״̬�κ;ֲ����εĳ��Ⱦ������ó�<span lang=EN-US>104</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>在全局表中设置任务状态段<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>局部表描述符。状态段和局部表段的长度均被设置成<span lang=EN-US>104</span>字节。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>n
-- </span>��ȫ�ֱ�����������<span lang=EN-US>n</span>����Ӧ�ĵ�ַ��<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ֲ��������ڴ�Ļ���ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>n
+- </span>在全局表中描述符项<span lang=EN-US>n</span>所对应的地址；<span lang=EN-US>addr - </span>状态段<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>局部表所在内存的基地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; type - </span>�������еı�־�����ֽڡ�</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; type - </span>描述符中的标志类型字节。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(</span>��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - (</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>n</span>�ĵ�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 - (</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>n</span>�ĵ�ַƫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(</span>地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - (</span>描述符项<span lang=EN-US>n</span>的地址<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%2 - (</span>描述符项<span lang=EN-US>n</span>的地址偏移<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>处<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %3 - (</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>n</span>�ĵ�ַƫ��<span lang=EN-US>4</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%4 - (</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>n</span>�ĵ�ַƫ��<span lang=EN-US>5</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %3 - (</span>描述符项<span
+lang=EN-US>n</span>的地址偏移<span lang=EN-US>4</span>处<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span
+lang=EN-US>%4 - (</span>描述符项<span lang=EN-US>n</span>的地址偏移<span lang=EN-US>5</span>处<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %5 - (</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>n</span>�ĵ�ַƫ��<span lang=EN-US>6</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>%6 - (</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>n</span>�ĵ�ַƫ��<span lang=EN-US>7</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %5 - (</span>描述符项<span
+lang=EN-US>n</span>的地址偏移<span lang=EN-US>6</span>处<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span
+lang=EN-US>%6 - (</span>描述符项<span lang=EN-US>n</span>的地址偏移<span lang=EN-US>7</span>处<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_set_tssldt_desc</span></u>(n,addr,type) \</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>
 __asm__ (<i>&quot;movw $104,%1\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>����<span lang=EN-US>LDT</span>�����ȷ���������������<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0-1</span>�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+// </span>将<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>（或<span lang=EN-US>LDT</span>）长度放入描述符长度域<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>第<span lang=EN-US>0-1</span>字节<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;movw %%ax,%2\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ַ�ĵ��ַ�����������<span lang=EN-US>2-3</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>将基地址的低字放入描述符第<span lang=EN-US>2-3</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;rorl $16,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ַ������ѭ������<span lang=EN-US>ax</span>�У������������ִ�����</p>
+// </span>将基地址高字右循环移入<span lang=EN-US>ax</span>中（低字则进入高字处）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;movb %%al,%3\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ַ�����е��ֽ�������������<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>将基地址高字中低字节移入描述符第<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;movb $&quot;</i> type <i>&quot;,%4\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����־�����ֽ������������ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>5</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>将标志类型字节移入描述符的第<span lang=EN-US>5</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;movb $0x00,%5\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>6</span>�ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+// </span>描述符的第<span lang=EN-US>6</span>字节置<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;movb %%ah,%6\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ַ�����и��ֽ�������������<span lang=EN-US>7</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>将基地址高字中高字节移入描述符第<span lang=EN-US>7</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;rorl $16,%%eax&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ѭ��<span lang=EN-US>16</span>���أ�<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>�ָ�ԭֵ��</p>
+// </span>再右循环<span lang=EN-US>16</span>比特，<span lang=EN-US>eax</span>恢复原值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ::<i>&quot;a&quot;</i> (addr), <i>&quot;m&quot;</i> (*(n)), <i>&quot;m&quot;</i>
@@ -86418,19 +86418,19 @@ lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0-1</span>�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>)</
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ȫ�ֱ�����������״̬����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>在全局表中设置任务状态段描述符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // n - </span>�Ǹ���������ָ�룻<span
-lang=EN-US>addr - </span>�����������жεĻ���ֵַ������״̬����������������<span lang=EN-US>0x89</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // n - </span>是该描述符的指针；<span
+lang=EN-US>addr - </span>是描述符项中段的基地址值。任务状态段描述符的类型是<span lang=EN-US>0x89</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>set_tss_desc</span></u>(n,addr) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_set_tssldt_desc</span></u>(((char *) (n)),addr,<i>&quot;0x89&quot;</i>)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ȫ�ֱ������þֲ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>在全局表中设置局部表描述符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // n - </span>�Ǹ���������ָ�룻<span
-lang=EN-US>addr - </span>�����������жεĻ���ֵַ���ֲ�������������������<span lang=EN-US>0x82</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // n - </span>是该描述符的指针；<span
+lang=EN-US>addr - </span>是描述符项中段的基地址值。局部表段描述符的类型是<span lang=EN-US>0x82</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>set_ldt_desc</span></u>(n,addr) <u><span
@@ -86452,7 +86452,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448050"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447454"></a><a name="_Toc53320674"><span lang=EN-US>14.18 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-18 linux/include/linux/config.h</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-18 linux/include/linux/config.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -86477,8 +86477,8 @@ Defines for what uname() should return </i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>uname()</span>����Ӧ�÷��ص�ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>定义<span
+lang=EN-US>uname()</span>函数应该返回的值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -86505,25 +86505,25 @@ lang=EN-US>uname()</span>����Ӧ�÷��ص�ֵ��</p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u> <b><i>/*
 Don't touch these, unless you really know what your doing. */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�벻Ҫ�����޸����涨��ֵ��������֪���Լ����ڸ�ʲô��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>请不要随意修改下面定义值，除非你知道自己正在干什么。<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEF_INITSEG</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x9000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������򽫱��ƶ����Ķ�ֵ��</p>
+0x9000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>引导扇区程序将被移动到的段值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEF_SYSSEG</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x1000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������ϵͳģ����ص��ڴ�Ķ�ֵ��</p>
+0x1000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>引导扇区程序把系统模块加载到内存的段值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEF_SETUPSEG</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x9020&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // setup</span>���������ڴ��λ�á�</p>
+0x9020&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // setup</span>程序所处内存段位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEF_SYSSIZE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x3000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں�ϵͳģ��Ĭ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>16</span>�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>=1</span>�ڣ���</p>
+0x3000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核系统模块默认最大节数（<span
+lang=EN-US>16</span>字节<span lang=EN-US>=1</span>节）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -86539,10 +86539,10 @@ root-device by changing the line ROOT_DEV = XXX in boot/bootsect.s</i></b></span
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ļ�ϵͳ�豸�Ѳ�����Ӳ������ˡ�ͨ���޸�<span
-lang=EN-US>boot/bootsect.s</span>�ļ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>根文件系统设备已不再是硬编码的了。通过修改<span
+lang=EN-US>boot/bootsect.s</span>文件中行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * ROOT_DEV = XXX</span>������Ըı���豸��Ĭ������ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * ROOT_DEV = XXX</span>，你可以改变根设备的默认设置值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -86557,8 +86557,8 @@ The keyboard is now defined in kernel/chr_dev/keyboard.S</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ڼ������ͱ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/chr_dev/keyboard.S</span>�����ж��塣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>现在键盘类型被放在<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/chr_dev/keyboard.S</span>程序中定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -86605,17 +86605,17 @@ commas:</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ͨ����<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>�ܹ�������ʱ��<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>�л�ȡ�������²���������������δ֪ԭ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>通常，<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>能够在启动时从<span lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>中获取驱动器德参数，但是若由于未知原因</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��û�еõ���Щ����ʱ����ʹ���������޲ߡ������������������Զ���<span
-lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>而没有得到这些参数时，会使程序束手无策。对于这种情况，你可以定义<span
+lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���а���Ӳ�̵�������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>其中包括硬盘的所有信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * HD_TYPE</span>��Ӧ����������������ʽ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * HD_TYPE</span>宏应该象下面这样的形式：</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
@@ -86624,7 +86624,7 @@ sect, cyl, wpcom, lzone, ctl}</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����������Ӳ�̵������������Ϣ���ö��ŷֿ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>对于有两个硬盘的情况，参数信息需用逗号分开：</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
@@ -86663,9 +86663,9 @@ HD_TYPE undefined. This is the normal thing to do.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������һ�����ӣ�����Ӳ�̣���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>3</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面是一个例子，两个硬盘，第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个是类型<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个是类型<span
+lang=EN-US>3</span>：</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
@@ -86674,17 +86674,17 @@ lang=EN-US>3</span>��</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�⣺��Ӧ����Ӳ�̣������ͷ��<span
-lang=EN-US>&lt;=8</span>����<span lang=EN-US>ctl</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������ͷ������<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意：对应所有硬盘，若其磁头数<span
+lang=EN-US>&lt;=8</span>，则<span lang=EN-US>ctl</span>等于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，若磁头数多于<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>个，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>ctl=8</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>则<span
+lang=EN-US>ctl=8</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���������<span
-lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>����Ӳ�̵����ͣ���ôֻ�費����<span lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>������Ĭ�ϲ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>如果你想让<span
+lang=EN-US>BIOS</span>给出硬盘的类型，那么只需不定义<span lang=EN-US>HD_TYPE</span>。这是默认操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -86711,7 +86711,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448051"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447455"></a><a name="_Toc53320675"><span lang=EN-US>14.19 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-19
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-19
 linux/include/linux/fdreg.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -86738,19 +86738,19 @@ linux/include/linux/fdreg.h</span></a></h2>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ļ��к���һЩ���̿�������һЩ���塣��Щ��Ϣ�жദ��Դ�������ȡ��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>Sanches</span><span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>Canton</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>该文件中含有一些软盘控制器的一些定义。这些信息有多处来源，大多数取自</span><span
+lang=EN-US>Sanches</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>Canton</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>&quot;IBM</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>΢�ͼ����������Ա�ֲ�</span><span lang=EN-US>&quot;</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>һ�顣</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>编著的</span><span lang=EN-US>&quot;IBM</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>微型计算机：程序员手册</span><span lang=EN-US>&quot;</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>一书。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u>
 #ifndef <u><span style='color:blue'>_FDREG_H</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ö��������ų��������ظ�������ͷ�ļ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>该定义用来排除代码中重复包含此头文件。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_FDREG_H</span></u></span></p>
@@ -86759,7 +86759,7 @@ style='font-family:����'>�ö��������ų�����
 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>һЩ�������ͺ�����ԭ��˵����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>一些软盘类型函数的原型说明。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>ticks_to_floppy_on</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -86783,26 +86783,26 @@ nr);</span></p>
 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������й����̿�����һЩ�˿ںͷ��ŵĶ��塣</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面是有关软盘控制器一些端口和符号的定义。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 /* Fd controller regs. S&amp;C, about page 340 */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���̿�����</span><span lang=EN-US>(FDC)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ĵ����˿ڡ�ժ��</span><span lang=EN-US>S&amp;C</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����Լ</span><span lang=EN-US>340</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ҳ</span><span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>软盘控制器</span><span lang=EN-US>(FDC)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>寄存器端口。摘自</span><span lang=EN-US>S&amp;C</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>书中约</span><span lang=EN-US>340</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>页</span><span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FD_STATUS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x3f4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��״̬�Ĵ����˿ڡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>主状态寄存器端口。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FD_DATA</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x3f5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ݶ˿ڡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>数据端口。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FD_DOR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -86810,7 +86810,7 @@ style='font-family:����'>���ݶ˿ڡ�</span></p>
 Digital Output Register */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>��������Ĵ�����Ҳ��Ϊ���ֿ��ƼĴ�������</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>数字输出寄存器（也称为数字控制寄存器）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FD_DIR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -86819,7 +86819,7 @@ Digital Input Register (read) */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>��������Ĵ�����</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>数字输入寄存器。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FD_DCR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -86827,7 +86827,7 @@ Digital Input Register (read) */</i></b></span></p>
 Diskette Control Register (write)*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>���ݴ����ʿ��ƼĴ�����</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>数据传输率控制寄存器。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 </span></p>
@@ -86836,7 +86836,7 @@ Diskette Control Register (write)*/</i></b></span></p>
 /* Bits of main status register */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��״̬�Ĵ���������λ�ĺ���</span> <span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>主状态寄存器各比特位的含义</span> <span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>STATUS_BUSYMASK</span></u>
@@ -86844,7 +86844,7 @@ style='font-family:����'>��״̬�Ĵ���������λ�
 drive busy mask */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>������æλ��ÿλ��Ӧһ������������</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>驱动器忙位（每位对应一个驱动器）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>STATUS_BUSY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -86852,7 +86852,7 @@ drive busy mask */</i></b></span></p>
 FDC busy */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>���̿�����æ��</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>软盘控制器忙。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>STATUS_DMA</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -86860,10 +86860,10 @@ FDC busy */</i></b></span></p>
 0- DMA mode */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 0 - </span><span style='font-family:����'>Ϊ</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ݴ���ģʽ��</span><span lang=EN-US>1 - </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ϊ��</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ģʽ��</span></p>
+// 0 - </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>为</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>数据传输模式，</span><span lang=EN-US>1 - </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>为非</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>模式。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>STATUS_DIR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -86871,10 +86871,10 @@ style='font-family:����'>ģʽ��</span></p>
 0- cpu-&gt;fdc */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>���䷽��</span><span lang=EN-US>0 - CPU </span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US> fdc</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>1 - </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�෴��</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>传输方向：</span><span lang=EN-US>0 - CPU </span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>à</span><span lang=EN-US> fdc</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>1 - </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>相反。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>STATUS_READY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -86882,7 +86882,7 @@ style='font-family:����'>�෴��</span></p>
 Data reg ready */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>���ݼĴ�������λ��</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>数据寄存器就绪位。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 </span></p>
@@ -86891,9 +86891,9 @@ Data reg ready */</i></b></span></p>
 /* Bits of FD_ST0 */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>״̬�ֽ�</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ST0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������λ�ĺ���</span><span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>状态字节</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>（</span><span lang=EN-US>ST0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）各比特位的含义</span><span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST0_DS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -86901,7 +86901,7 @@ style='font-family:����'>��������λ�ĺ���</span>
 drive select mask */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>������ѡ��ţ������ж�ʱ�������ţ���</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>驱动器选择号（发生中断时驱动器号）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST0_HA</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -86909,7 +86909,7 @@ drive select mask */</i></b></span></p>
 Head (Address) */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ͷ�š�</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>磁头号。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST0_NR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -86918,7 +86918,7 @@ Not Ready */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>����������δ׼���á�</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>磁盘驱动器未准备好。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST0_ECE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -86926,7 +86926,7 @@ Not Ready */</i></b></span></p>
 Equipment chech error */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>�豸����������ŵ�У׼��������</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>设备检测出错（零磁道校准出错）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST0_SE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -86935,7 +86935,7 @@ Seek end */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>Ѱ��������У������ִ�н�����</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>寻道或重新校正操作执行结束。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST0_INTR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -86943,13 +86943,13 @@ Seek end */</i></b></span></p>
 Interrupt code mask */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>�жϴ���λ���ж�ԭ�򣩣�</span><span lang=EN-US>00 -
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>��������������</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>中断代码位（中断原因），</span><span lang=EN-US>00 -
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>命令正常结束；</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 01 - </span><span style='font-family:����'>�����쳣������</span><span lang=EN-US>10 -
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>������Ч��</span><span lang=EN-US>11 - FDD</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����״̬�ı䡣</span></p>
+// 01 - </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>命令异常结束；</span><span lang=EN-US>10 -
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>命令无效；</span><span lang=EN-US>11 - FDD</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>就绪状态改变。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>
 </span></p>
@@ -86958,9 +86958,9 @@ style='font-family:����'>����״̬�ı䡣</span></p>
 /* Bits of FD_ST1 */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>״̬�ֽ�</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ST1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������λ�ĺ���</span><span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>状态字节</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>（</span><span lang=EN-US>ST1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）各比特位的含义</span><span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST1_MAM</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -86968,8 +86968,8 @@ style='font-family:����'>��������λ�ĺ���</span>
 Missing Address Mark */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>δ�ҵ���ַ��־</span><span lang=EN-US>(ID AM)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>未找到地址标志</span><span lang=EN-US>(ID AM)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST1_WP</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -86977,7 +86977,7 @@ style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
 Write Protect */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>д������</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>写保护。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST1_ND</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -86985,7 +86985,7 @@ Write Protect */</i></b></span></p>
 No Data - unreadable */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>δ�ҵ�ָ����������</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>未找到指定的扇区。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST1_OR</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -86994,8 +86994,8 @@ OverRun */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>���ݴ��䳬ʱ��</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���������ϣ���</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>数据传输超时（</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>控制器故障）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST1_CRC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87003,7 +87003,7 @@ style='font-family:����'>���������ϣ���</span></
 CRC error in data or addr */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// CRC</span><span style='font-family:����'>���������</span></p>
+// CRC</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>检验出错。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST1_EOC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87011,7 +87011,7 @@ CRC error in data or addr */</i></b></span></p>
 End Of Cylinder */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>���ʳ���һ���ŵ��ϵ���������š�</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>访问超过一个磁道上的最大扇区号。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 </span></p>
@@ -87020,9 +87020,9 @@ End Of Cylinder */</i></b></span></p>
 /* Bits of FD_ST2 */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>״̬�ֽ�</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ST2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������λ�ĺ���</span><span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>状态字节</span><span lang=EN-US>2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>（</span><span lang=EN-US>ST2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）各比特位的含义</span><span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST2_MAM</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87030,7 +87030,7 @@ style='font-family:����'>��������λ�ĺ���</span>
 Missing Addess Mark (again) */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>δ�ҵ����ݵ�ַ��־��</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>未找到数据地址标志。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST2_BC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87038,7 +87038,7 @@ Missing Addess Mark (again) */</i></b></span></p>
 Bad Cylinder */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>�ŵ�����</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>磁道坏。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST2_SNS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87046,7 +87046,7 @@ Bad Cylinder */</i></b></span></p>
 Scan Not Satisfied */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>������ɨ�裩���������㡣</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>检索（扫描）条件不满足。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST2_SEH</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87054,7 +87054,7 @@ Scan Not Satisfied */</i></b></span></p>
 Scan Equal Hit */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>�����������㡣</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>检索条件满足。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST2_WC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87062,7 +87062,7 @@ Scan Equal Hit */</i></b></span></p>
 Wrong Cylinder */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>�ŵ������棩�Ų�����</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>磁道（柱面）号不符。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST2_CRC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87070,8 +87070,8 @@ Wrong Cylinder */</i></b></span></p>
 CRC error in data field */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>���ݳ�</span><span lang=EN-US>CRC</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>У�����</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>数据场</span><span lang=EN-US>CRC</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>校验错。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST2_CM</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87079,7 +87079,7 @@ style='font-family:����'>У�����</span></p>
 Control Mark = deleted */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>����������ɾ����־��</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>读数据遇到删除标志。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>
 </span></p>
@@ -87088,9 +87088,9 @@ Control Mark = deleted */</i></b></span></p>
 /* Bits of FD_ST3 */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>״̬�ֽ�</span><span lang=EN-US>3</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>ST3</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������λ�ĺ���</span><span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>状态字节</span><span lang=EN-US>3</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>（</span><span lang=EN-US>ST3</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）各比特位的含义</span><span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST3_HA</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87098,7 +87098,7 @@ style='font-family:����'>��������λ�ĺ���</span>
 Head (Address) */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ͷ�š�</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>磁头号。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST3_TZ</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87107,7 +87107,7 @@ Track Zero signal (1=track 0) */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>��ŵ��źš�</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>零磁道信号。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ST3_WP</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87115,7 +87115,7 @@ Track Zero signal (1=track 0) */</i></b></span></p>
 Write Protect */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>д������</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>写保护。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>
 </span></p>
@@ -87124,7 +87124,7 @@ Write Protect */</i></b></span></p>
 /* Values for FD_COMMAND */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������</span><span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>软盘命令码</span><span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FD_RECALIBRATE</span></u>&nbsp;
@@ -87132,9 +87132,9 @@ style='font-family:����'>����������</span><span lang
 move to track 0 */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>����У��</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ͷ�˵���ŵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>重新校正</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>磁头退到零磁道</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FD_SEEK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87142,7 +87142,7 @@ style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
 seek track */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>��ͷѰ����</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>磁头寻道。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FD_READ</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87150,9 +87150,9 @@ seek track */</i></b></span></p>
 read with MT, MFM, SKip deleted */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>�����ݣ�</span><span lang=EN-US>MT</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ŵ�������</span><span lang=EN-US>MFM</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʽ������ɾ�����ݣ���</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>读数据（</span><span lang=EN-US>MT</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>多磁道操作，</span><span lang=EN-US>MFM</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>格式，跳过删除数据）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FD_WRITE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87160,9 +87160,9 @@ style='font-family:����'>��ʽ������ɾ�����ݣ
 write with MT, MFM */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>д���ݣ�</span><span lang=EN-US>MT</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>MFM</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>写数据（</span><span lang=EN-US>MT</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>MFM</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FD_SENSEI</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87170,7 +87170,7 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
 Sense Interrupt Status */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>����ж�״̬��</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>检测中断状态。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FD_SPECIFY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87178,7 +87178,7 @@ Sense Interrupt Status */</i></b></span></p>
 specify HUT etc */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>�趨�������������������ʡ���ͷж��ʱ��ȣ���</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>设定驱动器参数（步进速率、磁头卸载时间等）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>
 </span></p>
@@ -87187,22 +87187,22 @@ specify HUT etc */</i></b></span></p>
 /* DMA commands */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* DMA </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>命令</span><span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DMA_READ</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x46&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // DMA</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���̣�</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʽ�֣���</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�˿�</span><span lang=EN-US>12</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>11</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>读盘，</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>方式字（送</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>端口</span><span lang=EN-US>12</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>11</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DMA_WRITE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x4A&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // DMA</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>д�̣�</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʽ�֡�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>写盘，</span><span lang=EN-US>DMA</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>方式字。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>
 </span></p>
@@ -87229,7 +87229,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448052"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447456"></a><a name="_Toc53320676"><span lang=EN-US>14.20 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-20 linux/include/linux/fs.h</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-20 linux/include/linux/fs.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -87249,7 +87249,7 @@ structures etc.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ļ�����ĳЩ��Ҫ�ļ����ṹ�Ķ���ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>本文件含有某些重要文件表结构的定义等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -87264,7 +87264,7 @@ structures etc.</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷ�ļ��������˻�����ϵͳ�������͡�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>类型头文件。定义了基本的系统数据类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -87304,35 +87304,35 @@ file system. These are major numbers.)</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ϵͳ�������豸���£�����<span
-lang=EN-US>minix</span>ϵͳ��һ�����������ǿ���ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>minix</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>系统所含的设备如下：（与<span
+lang=EN-US>minix</span>系统的一样，所以我们可以使用<span lang=EN-US>minix</span>的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ļ�ϵͳ��������Щ�����豸�š���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>文件系统。以下这些是主设备号。）</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 0 - </span>û���õ���<span
-lang=EN-US>nodev</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 0 - </span>没有用到（<span
+lang=EN-US>nodev</span>）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 1 - /dev/mem &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>�ڴ��豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 1 - /dev/mem &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>内存设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 2 - /dev/fd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�����豸��</p>
+</span>软盘设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 3 - /dev/hd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>Ӳ���豸��</p>
+</span>硬盘设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 4 - /dev/ttyx&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-tty</span>�����ն��豸��</p>
+tty</span>串行终端设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 5 - /dev/tty&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tty</span>�ն��豸��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tty</span>终端设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 6 - /dev/lp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>��ӡ�豸��</p>
+</span>打印设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 7 - unnamed pipes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>û�������Ĺܵ���</p>
+</span>没有命名的管道。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -87342,7 +87342,7 @@ tty</span>�����ն��豸��</p>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>IS_SEEKABLE</span></u>(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>x</span></u>) ((<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>)&gt;=1
 &amp;&amp; (<u><span style='color:blue'>x</span></u>)&lt;=3)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ж��豸�Ƿ��ǿ���Ѱ�Ҷ�λ�ġ�</p>
+// </span>判断设备是否是可以寻找定位的。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -87367,77 +87367,77 @@ silly, but somewhat useful */</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_init</span></u>(long
 buffer_end);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ٻ�������ʼ��������</p>
+// </span>高速缓冲区初始化函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR</span></u>(a)
 (((unsigned)(a))&gt;&gt;8)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ���ֽڣ����豸�ţ���</p>
+// </span>取高字节（主设备号）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MINOR</span></u>(a) ((a)&amp;0xff)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ���ֽڣ����豸�ţ���</p>
+// </span>取低字节（次设备号）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NAME_LEN</span></u> 14&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ֳ���ֵ��</p>
+// </span>名字长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ROOT_INO</span></u> 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+// </span>根<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>I_MAP_SLOTS</span></u> 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// i</span>�ڵ�λͼ������</p>
+// i</span>节点位图槽数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>Z_MAP_SLOTS</span></u> 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�߼��飨���ο飩λͼ������</p>
+// </span>逻辑块（区段块）位图槽数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SUPER_MAGIC</span></u> 0x137F&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ�ϵͳħ����</p>
+// </span>文件系统魔数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_OPEN</span></u> 20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���������ļ�����</p>
+// </span>进程最多打开文件数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_INODE</span></u> 32&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ϵͳͬʱ���ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>I</span>�ڵ������</p>
+// </span>系统同时最多使用<span lang=EN-US>I</span>节点个数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_FILE</span></u> 64&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ϵͳ����ļ��������ļ�������������</p>
+// </span>系统最多文件个数（文件数组项数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_SUPER</span></u> 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ϵͳ���������������������������������</p>
+// </span>系统所含超级块个数（超级块数组项数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_HASH</span></u> 307&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������<span lang=EN-US>Hash</span>����������ֵ��</p>
+// </span>缓冲区<span lang=EN-US>Hash</span>表数组项数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_BUFFERS</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>nr_buffers</span></u>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>ϵͳ����������������ʼ�����ٸı䡣</p>
+</span>系统所含缓冲块个数。初始化后不再改变。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>BLOCK_SIZE</span></u> 1024&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ݿ鳤�ȣ��ֽ�ֵ����</p>
+// </span>数据块长度（字节值）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>BLOCK_SIZE_BITS</span></u> 10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ݿ鳤����ռ����λ����</p>
+// </span>数据块长度所占比特位数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 #ifndef <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u></span></p>
@@ -87450,15 +87450,15 @@ style='color:blue'>nr_buffers</span></u>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ÿ���߼���ɴ�ŵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>每个逻辑块可存放的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>INODES_PER_BLOCK</span></u> ((<u><span
 style='color:blue'>BLOCK_SIZE</span></u>)/(sizeof (struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>d_inode</span></u>)))</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ÿ���߼���ɴ�ŵ�Ŀ¼������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>每个逻辑块可存放的目录项数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DIR_ENTRIES_PER_BLOCK</span></u> ((<u><span
@@ -87467,7 +87467,7 @@ style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u>)))</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ܵ�ͷ���ܵ�β���ܵ���С���ܵ��գ����ܵ��������ܵ�ͷָ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>管道头、管道尾、管道大小、管道空？、管道满？、管道头指针递增。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;<u>58</u></span><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PIPE_READ_WAIT</span></u>(inode)
@@ -87502,7 +87502,7 @@ style='color:blue'>PIPE_SIZE</span></u>(inode)==(<u><span style='color:blue'>PAG
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;<u>66</u></span><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NIL_FILP</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-((struct <u><span style='color:blue'>file</span></u> *)0)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ļ��ṹָ�롣</p>
+((struct <u><span style='color:blue'>file</span></u> *)0)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>空文件结构指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SEL_IN</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -87521,14 +87521,14 @@ lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NIL_FILP</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>
 typedef char <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_block</span></u>[<u><span
 style='color:blue'>BLOCK_SIZE</span></u>];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�黺������</p>
+// </span>块缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ͷ���ݽṹ������Ϊ��Ҫ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>缓冲块头数据结构。（极为重要！！！）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڳ����г���<span
-lang=EN-US>bh</span>����ʾ<span lang=EN-US>buffer_head</span>���͵���д��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在程序中常用<span
+lang=EN-US>bh</span>来表示<span lang=EN-US>buffer_head</span>类型的缩写。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> {</span></p>
@@ -87536,143 +87536,143 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;char
 *
 b_data;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* pointer to data block (1024 bytes) */</i></b> //</span>ָ�롣</p>
+<b><i>/* pointer to data block (1024 bytes) */</i></b> //</span>指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned long b_blocknr;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/*
-block number */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��š�</p>
+block number */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned short
 b_dev;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/*
-device (0 = free) */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>����Դ���豸�š�</p>
+device (0 = free) */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>数据源的设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-unsigned char b_uptodate;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���±�־����ʾ�����Ƿ��Ѹ��¡�</p>
+unsigned char b_uptodate;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>更新标志：表示数据是否已更新。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned char b_dirt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<b><i>/* 0-clean,1-dirty */</i></b> //</span>�޸ı�־<span lang=EN-US>:0</span>δ�޸�<span
-lang=EN-US>,1</span>���޸�<span lang=EN-US>.</span></p>
+<b><i>/* 0-clean,1-dirty */</i></b> //</span>修改标志<span lang=EN-US>:0</span>未修改<span
+lang=EN-US>,1</span>已修改<span lang=EN-US>.</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned char b_count;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/*
-users using this block */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʹ�õ��û�����</p>
+users using this block */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>使用的用户数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned char
 b_lock;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* 0
-- ok, 1 -locked */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>�������Ƿ�������</p>
+- ok, 1 -locked */</i></b>&nbsp; // </span>缓冲区是否被锁定。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> * b_wait;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ָ��ȴ��û���������������</p>
+// </span>指向等待该缓冲区解锁的任务。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * b_prev;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// hash</span>������ǰһ�飨���ĸ�ָ�����ڻ������Ĺ�������</p>
+// hash</span>队列上前一块（这四个指针用于缓冲区的管理）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * b_next;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// hash</span>��������һ�顣</p>
+// hash</span>队列上下一块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * b_prev_free;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���б���ǰһ�顣</p>
+// </span>空闲表上前一块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * b_next_free;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���б�����һ�顣</p>
+// </span>空闲表上下一块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u> };</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ϵ������ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(i</span>�ڵ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>���ݽṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>磁盘上的索引节点<span
+lang=EN-US>(i</span>节点<span lang=EN-US>)</span>数据结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>d_inode</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-unsigned short i_mode;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ����ͺ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>(rwx</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+unsigned short i_mode;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件类型和属性<span
+lang=EN-US>(rwx</span>位<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-unsigned short i_uid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�û�<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>���ļ�ӵ���߱�ʶ������</p>
+unsigned short i_uid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用户<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>（文件拥有者标识符）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-unsigned long i_size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ���С���ֽ�������</p>
+unsigned long i_size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件大小（字节数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-unsigned long i_time;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�޸�ʱ�䣨��<span
-lang=EN-US>1970.1.1:0</span>�����룩��</p>
+unsigned long i_time;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>修改时间（自<span
+lang=EN-US>1970.1.1:0</span>算起，秒）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-unsigned char i_gid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>id(</span>�ļ�ӵ�������ڵ���<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+unsigned char i_gid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>组<span
+lang=EN-US>id(</span>文件拥有者所在的组<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-unsigned char i_nlinks;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������ٸ��ļ�Ŀ¼��ָ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣩��</p>
+unsigned char i_nlinks;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>链接数（多少个文件目录项指向该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-unsigned short i_zone[9];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֱ��<span lang=EN-US>(0-6)</span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>(7)</span>��˫�ؼ��<span lang=EN-US>(8)</span>�߼���š�</p>
+unsigned short i_zone[9];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>直接<span lang=EN-US>(0-6)</span>、间接<span
+lang=EN-US>(7)</span>或双重间接<span lang=EN-US>(8)</span>逻辑块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// zone</span>��������˼����������Σ����߼��顣</p>
+// zone</span>是区的意思，可译成区段，或逻辑块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>96</span></u> };</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ڴ��е�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹ��ǰ<span lang=EN-US>7</span>����<span lang=EN-US>d_inode</span>��ȫһ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这是在内存中的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构。前<span lang=EN-US>7</span>项与<span lang=EN-US>d_inode</span>完全一样。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>98</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-unsigned short i_mode;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ����ͺ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>(rwx</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+unsigned short i_mode;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件类型和属性<span
+lang=EN-US>(rwx</span>位<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-i_uid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>�û�<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>���ļ�ӵ���߱�ʶ������</p>
+i_uid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// </span>用户<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>（文件拥有者标识符）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned long
-i_size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ���С���ֽ�������</p>
+i_size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件大小（字节数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>102</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned long
-i_mtime;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�޸�ʱ�䣨��<span
-lang=EN-US>1970.1.1:0</span>�����룩��</p>
+i_mtime;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>修改时间（自<span
+lang=EN-US>1970.1.1:0</span>算起，秒）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>103</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char
-i_gid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>id(</span>�ļ�ӵ�������ڵ���<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+i_gid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>组<span
+lang=EN-US>id(</span>文件拥有者所在的组<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char
-i_nlinks;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�Ŀ¼����������</p>
+i_nlinks;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件目录项链接数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-i_zone[9];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֱ��<span lang=EN-US>(0-6)</span>�����<span
-lang=EN-US>(7)</span>��˫�ؼ��<span lang=EN-US>(8)</span>�߼���š�</p>
+i_zone[9];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>直接<span lang=EN-US>(0-6)</span>、间接<span
+lang=EN-US>(7)</span>或双重间接<span lang=EN-US>(8)</span>逻辑块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>106</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* these are in memory also */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>107</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; struct <u><span
-style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> * i_wait;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�Ľ��̡�</p>
+style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> * i_wait;&nbsp; // </span>等待该<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点的进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>108</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; struct <u><span
@@ -87681,50 +87681,50 @@ pipes */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>109</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned long i_atime;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʱ�䡣</p>
+// </span>最后访问时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned long
-i_ctime;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ������޸�ʱ�䡣</p>
+i_ctime;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点自身修改时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>111</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-i_dev;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ����ڵ��豸�š�</p>
+i_dev;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点所在的设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>112</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-i_num;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ�š�</p>
+i_num;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-i_count;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ㱻ʹ�õĴ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʾ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���С�</p>
+i_count;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点被使用的次数，<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>表示该<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点空闲。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>114</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char
-i_lock;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������־��</p>
+i_lock;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>锁定标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>115</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char
-i_dirt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���޸�<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��־��</p>
+i_dirt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>已修改<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>脏<span lang=EN-US>)</span>标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char
-i_pipe;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ܵ���־��</p>
+i_pipe;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>管道标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char
-i_mount;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��װ��־��</p>
+i_mount;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>安装标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>118</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char
-i_seek;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ѱ��־<span
-lang=EN-US>(lseek</span>ʱ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+i_seek;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>搜寻标志<span
+lang=EN-US>(lseek</span>时<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>119</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char
-i_update;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���±�־��</p>
+i_update;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>更新标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>120</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> };</span></p>
@@ -87732,34 +87732,34 @@ lang=EN-US> };</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>121</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ��ṹ���������ļ������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�֮�佨����ϵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件结构（用于在文件句柄与<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点之间建立关系）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>file</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>123</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-f_mode;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�����ģʽ��<span
-lang=EN-US>RW</span>λ��</p>
+f_mode;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件操作模式（<span
+lang=EN-US>RW</span>位）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>124</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-f_flags;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ��򿪺Ϳ��Ƶı�־��</p>
+f_flags;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件打开和控制的标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>125</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-f_count;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӧ�ļ����ü���ֵ��</p>
+f_count;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对应文件引用计数值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>126</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; struct <u><span
-style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * f_inode;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ���Ӧ<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * f_inode;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指向对应<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>127</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>off_t</span></u> f_pos;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ�λ�ã���дƫ��ֵ����</p>
+// </span>文件位置（读写偏移值）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>128</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> };</span></p>
@@ -87767,92 +87767,92 @@ lang=EN-US> };</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>129</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ��д��̳�����ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存中磁盘超级块结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>131</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-s_ninodes;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵ�����</p>
+s_ninodes;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>节点数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>132</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-s_nzones;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�߼�������</p>
+s_nzones;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>逻辑块数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>133</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-s_imap_blocks;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ�λͼ��ռ�õ����ݿ�����</p>
+s_imap_blocks;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点位图所占用的数据块数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-s_zmap_blocks;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�߼���λͼ��ռ�õ����ݿ�����</p>
+s_zmap_blocks;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>逻辑块位图所占用的数据块数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>135</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-s_firstdatazone; // </span>��һ�������߼���š�</p>
+s_firstdatazone; // </span>第一个数据逻辑块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>136</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-s_log_zone_size; // log(</span>���ݿ���<span lang=EN-US>/</span>�߼���<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>Ϊ�ף���</p>
+s_log_zone_size; // log(</span>数据块数<span lang=EN-US>/</span>逻辑块<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。（以<span lang=EN-US>2</span>为底）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>137</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned long
-s_max_size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ���󳤶ȡ�</p>
+s_max_size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件最大长度。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-s_magic;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�ϵͳħ����</p>
+s_magic;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件系统魔数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* These are only in memory */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; struct <u><span
-style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * s_imap[8]; // i</span>�ڵ�λͼ�����ָ������<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>ռ��<span lang=EN-US>8</span>�飬�ɱ�ʾ<span lang=EN-US>64M)</span>��</p>
+style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * s_imap[8]; // i</span>节点位图缓冲块指针数组<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>占用<span lang=EN-US>8</span>块，可表示<span lang=EN-US>64M)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>141</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; struct <u><span
-style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * s_zmap[8]; // </span>�߼���λͼ�����ָ�����飨ռ��<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>�飩��</p>
+style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * s_zmap[8]; // </span>逻辑块位图缓冲块指针数组（占用<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>块）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>142</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-s_dev;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ڵ��豸�š�</p>
+s_dev;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>超级块所在的设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>143</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * s_isup;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����װ���ļ�ϵͳ��Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣<span lang=EN-US>(isup-super
+// </span>被安装的文件系统根目录的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。<span lang=EN-US>(isup-super
 i)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>144</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * s_imount;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����װ����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+// </span>被安装到的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>145</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned long
-s_time;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�޸�ʱ�䡣</p>
+s_time;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>修改时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>146</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; struct <u><span
-style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> * s_wait;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ��ó�����Ľ��̡�</p>
+style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> * s_wait;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待该超级块的进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>147</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char
-s_lock;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������־��</p>
+s_lock;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>被锁定标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char
-s_rd_only;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֻ����־��</p>
+s_rd_only;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>只读标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned char
-s_dirt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���޸�<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��־��</p>
+s_dirt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>已修改<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>脏<span lang=EN-US>)</span>标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> };</span></p>
@@ -87860,44 +87860,44 @@ lang=EN-US> };</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>151</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ϳ�����ṹ������<span
-lang=EN-US>125-132</span>����ȫһ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>磁盘上超级块结构。上面<span
+lang=EN-US>125-132</span>行完全一样。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>d_super_block</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-s_ninodes;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڵ�����</p>
+s_ninodes;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>节点数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-s_nzones;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�߼�������</p>
+s_nzones;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>逻辑块数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-s_imap_blocks;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ�λͼ��ռ�õ����ݿ�����</p>
+s_imap_blocks;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点位图所占用的数据块数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-s_zmap_blocks;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�߼���λͼ��ռ�õ����ݿ�����</p>
+s_zmap_blocks;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>逻辑块位图所占用的数据块数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-s_firstdatazone; // </span>��һ�������߼��顣</p>
+s_firstdatazone; // </span>第一个数据逻辑块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-s_log_zone_size; // log(</span>���ݿ���<span lang=EN-US>/</span>�߼���<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>Ϊ�ף���</p>
+s_log_zone_size; // log(</span>数据块数<span lang=EN-US>/</span>逻辑块<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。（以<span lang=EN-US>2</span>为底）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned long
-s_max_size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ���󳤶ȡ�</p>
+s_max_size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件最大长度。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-s_magic;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�ϵͳħ����</p>
+s_magic;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件系统魔数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> };</span></p>
@@ -87905,19 +87905,19 @@ lang=EN-US> };</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�Ŀ¼��ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件目录项结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>163</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> struct <u><span style='color:blue'>dir_entry</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; unsigned short
-inode;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>�ڵ�š�</p>
+inode;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // i</span>节点号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; char name[<u><span
 style='color:blue'>NAME_LEN</span></u>];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ���������<span lang=EN-US>NAME_LEN=14</span>��</p>
+// </span>文件名，长度<span lang=EN-US>NAME_LEN=14</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>166</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> };</span></p>
@@ -87928,58 +87928,58 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>inode_table</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_INODE</span></u>];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����飨<span lang=EN-US>32</span>���</p>
+// </span>定义<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表数组（<span lang=EN-US>32</span>项）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>169</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>file</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>file_table</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_FILE</span></u>];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ������飨<span lang=EN-US>64</span>���</p>
+// </span>文件表数组（<span lang=EN-US>64</span>项）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_SUPER</span></u>];
-// </span>���������飨<span lang=EN-US>8</span>���</p>
+// </span>超级块数组（<span lang=EN-US>8</span>项）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>start_buffer</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������ʼ�ڴ�λ�á�</p>
+// </span>缓冲区起始内存位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>172</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>nr_buffers</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���������</p>
+// </span>缓冲块数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>173</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���̲�������ԭ�͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>磁盘操作函数原型。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������������Ƿ�ı䡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>检测驱动器中软盘是否改变。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>174</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>check_disk_change</span></u>(int
 dev);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ָ�����������̸��������������̸������򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�����򷵻�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>检测指定软驱中软盘更换情况。如果软盘更换了则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，否则返回<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy_change</span></u>(unsigned
 int nr);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ָ������������ȴ���ʱ�䣨���õȴ���ʱ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置启动指定驱动器所需等待的时间（设置等待定时器）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>ticks_to_floppy_on</span></u>(unsigned
 int dev);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>启动指定驱动器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>177</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy_on</span></u>(unsigned
 int dev);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ر�ָ����������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>关闭指定的软盘驱动器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>178</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>floppy_off</span></u>(unsigned
@@ -87987,54 +87987,54 @@ int dev);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�������ļ�ϵͳ���������õĺ���ԭ�͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>以下是文件系统操作管理用的函数原型。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�����ļ���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指定的文件截为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>179</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>truncate</span></u>(struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ˢ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ���Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>刷新<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>180</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>sync_inodes</span></u>(void);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ�ָ����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待指定的<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>181</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>wait_on</span></u>(struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�߼���<span lang=EN-US>(</span>���Σ����̿�<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>λͼ������ȡ���ݿ�<span lang=EN-US>block</span>���豸�϶�Ӧ���߼���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>逻辑块<span lang=EN-US>(</span>区段，磁盘块<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>位图操作。取数据块<span lang=EN-US>block</span>在设备上对应的逻辑块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>bmap</span></u>(struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode,int block);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ݿ�<span lang=EN-US>block</span>���豸�϶�Ӧ���߼��飬���������豸�ϵ��߼���š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>创建数据块<span lang=EN-US>block</span>在设备上对应的逻辑块，并返回在设备上的逻辑块号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>183</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>create_block</span></u>(struct
 <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode,int block);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡָ��·������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>获取指定路径名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>184</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>namei</span></u>(const char * pathname);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡָ��·������<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬������������ӡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取指定路径名的<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，不跟随符号链接。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>185</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>lnamei</span></u>(const char * pathname);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����·����Ϊ���ļ�������׼����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据路径名为打开文件操作作准备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>186</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>open_namei</span></u>(const
@@ -88044,118 +88044,118 @@ char * pathname, int flag, int mode,</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> ** res_inode);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͷ�һ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��д���豸<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>释放一个<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>回写入设备<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>iput</span></u>(struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸��ȡָ���ڵ�ŵ�һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从设备读取指定节点号的一个<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>iget</span></u>(int dev,int nr);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>(inode_table)</span>�л�ȡһ������<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点表<span
+lang=EN-US>(inode_table)</span>中获取一个空闲<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>get_empty_inode</span></u>(void);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ������һ���ܵ��ڵ㡣����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ָ�루�����<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��ʧ�ܣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>获取（申请一）管道节点。返回为<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点指针（如果是<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>则失败）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>191</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>get_pipe_inode</span></u>(void);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڹ�ϣ���в���ָ�������ݿ顣�����ҵ���Ļ���ͷָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在哈希表中查找指定的数据块。返回找到块的缓冲头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>192</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>get_hash_table</span></u>(int dev, int block);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸��ȡָ���飨���Ȼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>hash</span>���в��ң���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从设备读取指定块（首先会在<span
+lang=EN-US>hash</span>表中查找）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>getblk</span></u>(int dev, int block);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д���ݿ顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写数据块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>ll_rw_block</span></u>(int
 rw, struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * bh);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д����ҳ�棬��ÿ��<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>�����ݿ顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写数据页面，即每次<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>块数据块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>195</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>ll_rw_page</span></u>(int
 rw, int dev, int nr, char * buffer);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͷ�ָ������顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>释放指定缓冲块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>196</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>brelse</span></u>(struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * <u><span style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡָ�������ݿ顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取指定的数据块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>197</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US style='color:blue'> </span><span lang=EN-US>extern struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * <u><span style='color:blue'>bread</span></u>(int
 dev,int block);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�黺������ָ����ַ���ڴ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读<span lang=EN-US>4</span>块缓冲区到指定地址的内存中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>198</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>bread_page</span></u>(unsigned
 long addr,int dev,int b[4]);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡͷһ��ָ�������ݿ飬����Ǻ�����Ҫ���Ŀ顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取头一个指定的数据块，并标记后续将要读的块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>199</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>buffer_head</span></u> * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>breada</span></u>(int dev,int block,...);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>����һ�����̿飨���Σ��߼��飩�������߼����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>向设备<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>申请一个磁盘块（区段，逻辑块）。返回逻辑块号</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>200</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>new_block</span></u>(int
 dev);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͷ��豸�������е��߼���<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>���Σ����̿�<span lang=EN-US>)block</span>����λָ���߼���<span
-lang=EN-US>block</span>���߼���λͼ����λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>释放设备数据区中的逻辑块<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>区段，磁盘块<span lang=EN-US>)block</span>。复位指定逻辑块<span
+lang=EN-US>block</span>的逻辑块位图比特位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>201</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>free_block</span></u>(int
 dev, int block);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ�豸<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>����һ����<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣬����<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为设备<span lang=EN-US>dev</span>建立一个新<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点，返回<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>202</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>new_inode</span></u>(int dev);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͷ�һ��<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ㣨ɾ���ļ�ʱ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>释放一个<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点（删除文件时）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>203</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>free_inode</span></u>(struct
 <u><span style='color:blue'>m_inode</span></u> * inode);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ˢ��ָ���豸��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>刷新指定设备缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sync_dev</span></u>(int dev);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡָ���豸�ĳ����顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取指定设备的超级块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>super_block</span></u> * <u><span
@@ -88167,7 +88167,7 @@ lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>ROOT_DEV</span></u>;</span></
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>207</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��װ���ļ�ϵͳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>安装根文件系统。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>208</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>mount_root</span></u>(void);</span></p>
@@ -88197,7 +88197,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448053"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447457"></a><a name="_Toc53320677"><span lang=EN-US>14.21 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-21
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-21
 linux/include/linux/hdreg.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -88221,10 +88221,10 @@ a ques).</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ļ�����һЩ<span
-lang=EN-US>AT</span>Ӳ�̿������Ķ��塣���Ը������ϡ����֤ĳЩ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>本文件含有一些<span
+lang=EN-US>AT</span>硬盘控制器的定义。来自各种资料。请查证某些</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���壨�����ʺŵ�ע�ͣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>定义（带有问号的注释）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -88239,8 +88239,8 @@ lang=EN-US>AT</span>Ӳ�̿������Ķ��塣���Ը����
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> <b><i>/*
 Hd controller regs. Ref: IBM AT Bios-listing */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>Ӳ�̿������Ĵ����˿ڡ��μ���<span
-lang=EN-US>IBM AT Bios</span>����<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>硬盘控制器寄存器端口。参见：<span
+lang=EN-US>IBM AT Bios</span>程序<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>HD_DATA</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -88288,139 +88288,139 @@ address, read=status, write=cmd */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>HD_CMD</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x3f6&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ƼĴ����˿ڡ�</p>
+0x3f6&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制寄存器端口。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u> <b><i>/*
 Bits of HD_STATUS */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>Ӳ��״̬�Ĵ�����λ�Ķ���<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>硬盘状态寄存器各位的定义<span
 lang=EN-US>(HD_STATUS) */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ERR_STAT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x01&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ִ�д���</p>
+0x01&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>命令执行错误。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>INDEX_STAT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x02&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�յ�������</p>
+0x02&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>收到索引。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ECC_STAT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x04&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Corrected error */</i></b>&nbsp; // ECC</span>У�����</p>
+0x04&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Corrected error */</i></b>&nbsp; // ECC</span>校验错。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DRQ_STAT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x08&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������</p>
+0x08&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>请求服务。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SEEK_STAT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ѱ��������</p>
+0x10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>寻道结束。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WRERR_STAT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ϡ�</p>
+0x20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>驱动器故障。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>READY_STAT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x40&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������׼���ã���������</p>
+0x40&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>驱动器准备好（就绪）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>BUSY_STAT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x80&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������æµ��</p>
+0x80&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制器忙碌。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u> <b><i>/*
 Values for HD_COMMAND */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>Ӳ������ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>HD_CMD</span>��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>硬盘命令值（<span
+lang=EN-US>HD_CMD</span>）<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WIN_RESTORE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x10&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������У������������λ����</p>
+0x10&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>驱动器重新校正（驱动器复位）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WIN_READ</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x20&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������</p>
+0x20&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读扇区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WIN_WRITE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x30&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>д������</p>
+0x30&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>写扇区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WIN_VERIFY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x40&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������顣</p>
+0x40&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扇区检验。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WIN_FORMAT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x50&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʽ���ŵ���</p>
+0x50&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>格式化磁道。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WIN_INIT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x60&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ʼ����</p>
+0x60&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制器初始化。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WIN_SEEK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x70&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ѱ����</p>
+0x70&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>寻道。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WIN_DIAGNOSE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x90&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ϡ�</p>
+0x90&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制器诊断。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WIN_SPECIFY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x91&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������������</p>
+0x91&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>建立驱动器参数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u> <b><i>/*
 Bits for HD_ERROR */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����Ĵ���������λ�ĺ��壨<span
-lang=EN-US>HD_ERROR</span>��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>错误寄存器各比特位的含义（<span
+lang=EN-US>HD_ERROR</span>）<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ִ�п������������ʱ��������������ʱ�Ĳ�ͬ������ֱ��г���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>执行控制器诊断命令时含义与其他命令时的不同。下面分别列出：</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
 ==================================================</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�������ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��������ʱ</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>诊断命令时<span
+lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>其他命令时</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
 --------------------------------------------------</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x01&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>�޴���<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x01&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>无错误<span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>���ݱ�־��ʧ</p>
+</span>数据标志丢失</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x02&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>����������<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�ŵ�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+</span>控制器出错<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+</span>磁道<span lang=EN-US>0</span>错</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x03&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>������������<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
+</span>扇区缓冲区错<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x04&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-ECC</span>������<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�������</p>
+ECC</span>部件错<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+</span>命令放弃</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x05&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>���ƴ�������<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+</span>控制处理器错<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ID</span>δ�ҵ�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ID</span>未找到</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;// 0x40&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-ECC</span>����</p>
+ECC</span>错误</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x80&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>������</p>
+</span>坏扇区</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 //---------------------------------------------------</span></p>
@@ -88451,7 +88451,7 @@ ECC</span>����</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ӳ�̷������ṹ���μ������б�����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>硬盘分区表结构。参见下面列表后信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>partition</span></u> {</span></p>
@@ -88522,7 +88522,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448054"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447458"></a><a name="_Toc53320678"><span lang=EN-US>14.22 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-22
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-22
 linux/include/linux/head.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -88541,11 +88541,11 @@ linux/include/linux/head.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u>
 typedef struct <u><span style='color:blue'>desc_struct</span></u> {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����˶������������ݽṹ���ýṹ��˵��ÿ������</p>
+// </span>定义了段描述符的数据结构。该结构仅说明每个描述</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;unsigned
-long a,b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>���ֽڹ��ɣ�ÿ��������������<span lang=EN-US>256</span>�</p>
+long a,b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>符是由<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>个字节构成，每个描述符表共有<span lang=EN-US>256</span>项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> } <u><span
 style='color:blue'>desc_table</span></u>[256];</span></p>
@@ -88554,45 +88554,45 @@ style='color:blue'>desc_table</span></u>[256];</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
 extern unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>pg_dir</span></u>[1024];&nbsp;
-// </span>�ڴ�ҳĿ¼���顣ÿ��Ŀ¼��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽڡ���������ַ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ʼ��</p>
+// </span>内存页目录数组。每个目录项为<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节。从物理地址<span lang=EN-US>0</span>开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
 extern <u><span style='color:blue'>desc_table</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>idt</span></u>,<u><span style='color:blue'>gdt</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ж�����������ȫ������������</p>
+// </span>中断描述符表，全局描述符表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>GDT_NUL</span></u> 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ȫ�����������ĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����á�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>全局描述符表的第<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>项，不用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>GDT_CODE</span></u> 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����ں˴�����������</p>
+// </span>第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>项，是内核代码段描述符项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>GDT_DATA</span></u> 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����ں����ݶ��������</p>
+// </span>第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>项，是内核数据段描述符项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>GDT_TMP</span></u> 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>3</span>�ϵͳ����������<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>û��ʹ�á�</p>
+// </span>第<span lang=EN-US>3</span>项，系统段描述符，<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>没有使用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>LDT_NUL</span></u> 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ÿ���ֲ����������ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����á�</p>
+// </span>每个局部描述符表的第<span lang=EN-US>0</span>项，不用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>LDT_CODE</span></u> 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����û����������������</p>
+// </span>第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>项，是用户程序代码段描述符项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>LDT_DATA</span></u> 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>����û��������ݶ��������</p>
+// </span>第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>项，是用户程序数据段描述符项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -88617,7 +88617,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448055"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447459"></a><a name="_Toc53320679"><span lang=EN-US>14.23 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-23
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-23
 linux/include/linux/kernel.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -88635,94 +88635,94 @@ linux/include/linux/kernel.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'kernel.h'</span>������һЩ���ú�����ԭ�͵ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'kernel.h'</span>定义了一些常用函数的原型等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��֤������ַ��ʼ���ڴ���Ƿ��ޡ���������׷���ڴ档<span
-lang=EN-US>( kernel/fork.c, 24 )</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>验证给定地址开始的内存块是否超限。若超限则追加内存。<span
+lang=EN-US>( kernel/fork.c, 24 )</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>verify_area</span></u>(void * addr,int <u><span
 style='color:blue'>count</span></u>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ�ں˳�����Ϣ��Ȼ�������ѭ����<span
-lang=EN-US>( kernel/panic.c, 16 )</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>显示内核出错信息，然后进入死循环。<span
+lang=EN-US>( kernel/panic.c, 16 )</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ǰ�Ĺؼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>volatile</span>���ڸ��߱�����<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>�ú������᷵�ء���������<span
-lang=EN-US>gcc</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数名前的关键字<span
+lang=EN-US>volatile</span>用于告诉编译器<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>该函数不会返回。这样可让<span
+lang=EN-US>gcc</span>产生更好</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һЩ�Ĵ��룬����Ҫ����ʹ������ؼ��ֿ��Ա������ĳδ��ʼ�������ļپ�����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一些的代码，更重要的是使用这个关键字可以避免产生某未初始化变量的假警告信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u>
 volatile void <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(const char * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>str</span></u>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����˳��������� <span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/exit.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>262 </span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程退出处理。（ <span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/exit.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>262 </span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u>
 volatile void <u><span style='color:blue'>do_exit</span></u>(long error_code);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��׼��ӡ����ʾ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>( init/main.c, 151)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标准打印（显示）函数。<span
+lang=EN-US>( init/main.c, 151)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>printf</span></u>(const char * fmt, ...);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں�ר�õĴ�ӡ��Ϣ������������<span
-lang=EN-US>printf()</span>��ͬ��<span lang=EN-US>( kernel/printk.c, 21 )</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核专用的打印信息函数，功能与<span
+lang=EN-US>printf()</span>相同。<span lang=EN-US>( kernel/printk.c, 21 )</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>printk</span></u>(const char * fmt, ...);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����̨��ʾ�������� <span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/chr_drv/console.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>995</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>控制台显示函数。（ <span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/chr_drv/console.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>995</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>console_print</span></u>(const char * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>str</span></u>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>��дָ�����ȵ��ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>( kernel/chr_drv/tty_io.c, 290 )</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>往<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>上写指定长度的字符串。<span
+lang=EN-US>( kernel/chr_drv/tty_io.c, 290 )</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_write</span></u>(unsigned ch,char * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>,int <u><span style='color:blue'>count</span></u>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ͨ���ں��ڴ���亯����<span
-lang=EN-US>( lib/malloc.c, 117)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>通用内核内存分配函数。<span
+lang=EN-US>( lib/malloc.c, 117)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
 void * <u><span style='color:blue'>malloc</span></u>(unsigned int size);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͷ�ָ������ռ�õ��ڴ档<span
-lang=EN-US>( lib/malloc.c, 182)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>释放指定对象占用的内存。<span
+lang=EN-US>( lib/malloc.c, 182)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>free_s</span></u>(void * obj, int size);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ӳ�̴�����ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/blk_drv/hd.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>318</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>硬盘处理超时。（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/blk_drv/hd.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>318</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;<u>13</u></span><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_times_out</span></u>(void);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֹͣ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/chr_drv/console.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>944</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>停止蜂鸣。（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/chr_drv/console.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>944</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>sysbeepstop</span></u>(void);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/chr_drv/console.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>981</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>黑屏处理。（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/chr_drv/console.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>981</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>blank_screen</span></u>(void);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ָ�����������Ļ����<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/chr_drv/console.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>988</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>恢复被黑屏的屏幕。（<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/chr_drv/console.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>988</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>unblank_screen</span></u>(void);</span></p>
@@ -88731,21 +88731,21 @@ extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>unblank_screen</span></u>(void);</span><
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;<u>18</u></span><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>beepcount</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����ʱ����઼�����<span lang=EN-US>kernel/chr_drv/console.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>988</span>����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>蜂鸣时间嘀嗒计数（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/chr_drv/console.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>988</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>hd_timeout</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ӳ�̳�ʱ�δ�ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>kernel/blk_drv/blk.h</span>����</p>
+// </span>硬盘超时滴答值（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/blk_drv/blk.h</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>blankinterval</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�趨����Ļ�������ʱ�䡣</p>
+// </span>设定的屏幕黑屏间隔时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>blankcount</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʱ�������<span lang=EN-US>kernel/chr_drv/console.c</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>138</span>��<span lang=EN-US>139</span>����</p>
+// </span>黑屏时间计数（<span lang=EN-US>kernel/chr_drv/console.c</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>138</span>、<span lang=EN-US>139</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -88777,23 +88777,23 @@ permissions checks first, and check suser() last.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���溯�����Ժ����ʽ����ģ�������ĳ�������������Գ�Ϊһ���������ӳ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面函数是以宏的形式定义的，但是在某方面来看它可以成为一个真正的子程序，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���������<span
-lang=EN-US>true</span>ʱ�������ñ�־�����ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>root</span>�û�Ȩ�޵Ľ��������˱�־������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>如果返回是<span
+lang=EN-US>true</span>时它将设置标志（如果使用<span lang=EN-US>root</span>用户权限的进程设置了标志，则用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ִ��<span
-lang=EN-US>BSD</span>��ʽ�ļ��ʴ�����������ζ����Ӧ������ִ�г���Ȩ�޼�飬�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>于执行<span
+lang=EN-US>BSD</span>方式的计帐处理）。这意味着你应该首先执行常规权限检查，最后再</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���<span
-lang=EN-US>suser()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>检测<span
+lang=EN-US>suser()</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>suser</span></u>() (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>-&gt;euid ==
-0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ƿ��ǳ����û���</p>
+0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>检测是否是超级用户。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -88815,7 +88815,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448056"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447460"><span lang=EN-US>14.24 </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-24 linux/include/linux/math_emu.h</span></a></h2>
+黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-24 linux/include/linux/math_emu.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -88840,34 +88840,34 @@ name="_Toc493447460"><span lang=EN-US>14.24 </span><span style='font-family:
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; 8 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; 9 #include
-&lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span><span style='font-family:����'>���ȳ���ͷ�ļ�������������ṹ</span><span
-lang=EN-US>task_struct</span><span style='font-family:����'>������</span><span
-lang=EN-US>0 </span><span style='font-family:����'>�����ݣ�</span></p>
+&lt;linux/sched.h&gt;&nbsp; // </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>调度程序头文件。定义了任务结构</span><span
+lang=EN-US>task_struct</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>、任务</span><span
+lang=EN-US>0 </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>的数据，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>����һЩ�й��������������úͻ�ȡ��Ƕ��ʽ��ຯ������䡣</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>还有一些有关描述符参数设置和获取的嵌入式汇编函数宏语句。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;10 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // CPU</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����쳣�ж�</span><span lang=EN-US>int 7</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ʱ��ջ�зֲ������ݹ��ɵĽṹ����ϵͳ����ʱ�ں�ջ�����ݷֲ����ơ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>产生异常中断</span><span lang=EN-US>int 7</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>时在栈中分布的数据构成的结构，与系统调用时内核栈中数据分布类似。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;11 struct info {</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long ___math_ret;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // math_emulate()</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ߣ�</span><span lang=EN-US>int7</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ص�ַ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>调用者（</span><span lang=EN-US>int7</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）返回地址。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;13&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long ___orig_eip;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>��ʱ����ԭ</span><span lang=EN-US>EIP </span><span style='font-family:����'>�ĵط���</span></p>
+宋体'>临时保存原</span><span lang=EN-US>EIP </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>的地方。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;14&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long ___edi;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�쳣�ж�</span><span lang=EN-US>int7 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������ջ�ļĴ�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>异常中断</span><span lang=EN-US>int7 </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>处理过程入栈的寄存器。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;15&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long ___esi;</span></p>
@@ -88876,13 +88876,13 @@ long ___esi;</span></p>
 long ___ebp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;17&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-long ___sys_call_ret; // </span><span style='font-family:����'>�ж�</span><span
-lang=EN-US>7 </span><span style='font-family:����'>����ʱ��ȥִ��ϵͳ���õķ��ش������롣</span></p>
+long ___sys_call_ret; // </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>中断</span><span
+lang=EN-US>7 </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>返回时将去执行系统调用的返回处理代码。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;18&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long ___eax;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���²��֣�</span><span lang=EN-US>18--30 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�У���ϵͳ����ʱջ�нṹ��ͬ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>以下部分（</span><span lang=EN-US>18--30 </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行）与系统调用时栈中结构相同。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;19&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;long
 ___ebx;</span></p>
@@ -88895,8 +88895,8 @@ ___edx;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;22&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long ___orig_eax;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>�粻��ϵͳ���ö��������ж�ʱ����ֵΪ</span><span lang=EN-US>-1</span><span style='font-family:
-����'>��</span></p>
+宋体'>如不是系统调用而是其它中断时，该值为</span><span lang=EN-US>-1</span><span style='font-family:
+宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;23&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;long
 ___fs;</span></p>
@@ -88909,8 +88909,8 @@ ___ds;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;26&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long ___eip;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 26 -- 30 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span> <span style='font-family:����'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>CPU </span><span style='font-family:����'>�Զ���ջ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>行</span> <span style='font-family:宋体'>由</span><span
+lang=EN-US>CPU </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>自动入栈。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;27&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;long
 ___cs;</span></p>
@@ -88929,8 +88929,8 @@ ___ss;</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;32 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ϊ��������</span><span lang=EN-US>info</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ṹ�и��ֶΣ�ջ�����ݣ��������һЩ������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>为便于引用</span><span lang=EN-US>info</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>结构中各字段（栈中数据）所定义的一些常量。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;33 #define EAX (info-&gt;___eax)</span></p>
 
@@ -88974,44 +88974,44 @@ style='font-family:����'>�ṹ�и��ֶΣ�ջ�����ݣ�
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;49 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ֹ��ѧЭ�����������������</span><span lang=EN-US>math_emulation.c</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ʵ��</span><span lang=EN-US>(L488</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�У���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>终止数学协处理器仿真操作。在</span><span lang=EN-US>math_emulation.c</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>程序中实现</span><span lang=EN-US>(L488</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>52-53</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���Ϻ궨���ʵ�������ǰ�</span><span lang=EN-US>__math_abort</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���¶���Ϊһ�����᷵�صĺ���</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下面</span><span lang=EN-US>52-53</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>行上宏定义的实际作用是把</span><span lang=EN-US>__math_abort</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>重新定义为一个不会返回的函数</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ǰ�������</span><span lang=EN-US>volatile</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ú��ǰ���֣�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>（即在前面加上了</span><span lang=EN-US>volatile</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）。该宏的前部分：</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // (volatile void
 (*)(struct info *,unsigned int)) </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ǻ������Ͷ��壬��������ָ��</span><span lang=EN-US> __math_abort</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����Ķ��塣����������Ӧ�Ĳ�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>是函数类型定义，用于重新指明</span><span lang=EN-US> __math_abort</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>函数的定义。后面是其相应的参数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ؼ���</span><span lang=EN-US>volatile </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ں�����ǰ�����κ�����������֪ͨ</span><span lang=EN-US>gcc </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ú������᷵��</span><span lang=EN-US>,</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>关键词</span><span lang=EN-US>volatile </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>放在函数名前来修饰函数，是用来通知</span><span lang=EN-US>gcc </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>编译器该函数不会返回</span><span lang=EN-US>,</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>gcc </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��������һЩ�Ĵ��롣��ϸ˵����μ���</span><span lang=EN-US>3</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US> $3.3.2</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ݡ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>以让</span><span lang=EN-US>gcc </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>产生更好一些的代码。详细说明请参见第</span><span lang=EN-US>3</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>章</span><span lang=EN-US> $3.3.2</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>节内容。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ĺ궨�壬����ҪĿ�ľ�������</span><span lang=EN-US>__math_abort</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������������ͨ�з��غ�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>因此下面的宏定义，其主要目的就是利用</span><span lang=EN-US>__math_abort</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，让它即可用作普通有返回函数，</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֿ�����ʹ�ú궨��</span><span lang=EN-US>math_abort() </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ʱ���������صĺ�����</span> </p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>又可以在使用宏定义</span><span lang=EN-US>math_abort() </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>时用作不返回的函数。</span> </p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;50 void __math_abort(struct info *,
 unsigned int);</span></p>
@@ -89044,48 +89044,48 @@ which breaks things in math_emulate.c. Shit. I</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Gcc</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ǿ�������޴��Ķ������⣺��ֻ��ʹ������</span><span lang=EN-US>long</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������������ʾ</span><span lang=EN-US>64</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���ص�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>会强迫这种愚蠢的对齐问题：我只想使用两个</span><span lang=EN-US>long</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>类型数据来表示</span><span lang=EN-US>64</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>比特的</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʱʵ��β��������</span><span lang=EN-US>gcc</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ȴ�Ὣ�ýṹ��</span><span lang=EN-US>12</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ֽ������룬�⽫����</span><span lang=EN-US>math_emulate.c</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>临时实数尾数，但是</span><span lang=EN-US>gcc</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>却会将该结构以</span><span lang=EN-US>12</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>字节来对齐，这将导致</span><span lang=EN-US>math_emulate.c</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�г�������⡣����������Ҫĳ�ַǶ��롰</span><span lang=EN-US>no-align</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������ָ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>中程序出问题。唉，我真需要某种非对齐“</span><span lang=EN-US>no-align</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>”编译指令。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;61 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʱʵ����Ӧ�Ľṹ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>临时实数对应的结构。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;62 typedef struct {</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;63  long
 a,b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>64</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����β��������</span><span lang=EN-US>a</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ϊ��</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ��</span><span lang=EN-US>b</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ϊ��</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ������</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ�̶�λ����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>共</span><span lang=EN-US>64</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>比特尾数。其中</span><span lang=EN-US>a</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>为低</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位，</span><span lang=EN-US>b</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>为高</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位（包括</span><span lang=EN-US>1</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位固定位）。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;64  short exponent;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>ָ��ֵ��</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>指数值。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;65 } temp_real;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;66 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ϊ�˽������Ӣ��ע�������ἰ�Ķ����������ƵĽṹ������ͬ����</span><span lang=EN-US>temp_real</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ṹ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>为了解决上面英文注释中所提及的对齐问题而设计的结构，作用同上面</span><span lang=EN-US>temp_real</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>结构。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;67 typedef struct {</span></p>
 
@@ -89098,11 +89098,11 @@ style='font-family:����'>�ṹ��</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;71 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>temp_real</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����ֵ</span><span lang=EN-US>a</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ֵ��</span><span lang=EN-US>80387</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ջ�Ĵ���</span><span lang=EN-US>b (ST(i))</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>把</span><span lang=EN-US>temp_real</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>类型值</span><span lang=EN-US>a</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>赋值给</span><span lang=EN-US>80387</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>栈寄存器</span><span lang=EN-US>b (ST(i))</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;72 #define real_to_real(a,b) \</span></p>
 
@@ -89112,87 +89112,87 @@ style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;74 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʵ����˫���ȣ��ṹ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>长实数（双精度）结构。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;75 typedef struct {</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;76  long a,b;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-a </span><span style='font-family:����'>Ϊ��ʵ���ĵ�</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ��</span><span lang=EN-US>b</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ϊ��</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ��</span></p>
+a </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>为长实数的低</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位；</span><span lang=EN-US>b</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>为高</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;77 } long_real;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;78 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;79 typedef long short_real;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����ʵ�����͡�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>定义短实数类型。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;80</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ʱ�����ṹ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>临时整数结构。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;81 typedef struct {</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;82  long
 a,b;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // a </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ϊ��</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ��</span><span lang=EN-US>b</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Ϊ��</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ��</span> </p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>为低</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位；</span><span lang=EN-US>b</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>为高</span><span lang=EN-US>32</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位。</span> </p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;83  short
 sign;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>���ű�־��</span></p>
+宋体'>符号标志。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;84 } temp_int;</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;85 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 80387</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>Э�������ڲ���״̬�ּĴ������ݶ�Ӧ�Ľṹ�����μ�ͼ</span><span lang=EN-US>11-6</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>协处理器内部的状态字寄存器内容对应的结构。（参见图</span><span lang=EN-US>11-6</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;86 struct swd {</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;87  int
 ie:1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��Ч�����쳣��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>无效操作异常。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;88  int
 de:1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ǹ���쳣��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>非规格化异常。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;89  int
 ze:1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����쳣��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>除零异常。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;90  int
 oe:1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������쳣��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>上溢出异常。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;91  int
 ue:1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������쳣��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>下溢出异常。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;92  int
 pe:1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�����쳣��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>精度异常。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;93  int
 sf:1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ջ������־����ʾ�ۼ��������ɵ��쳣��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>栈出错标志，表示累加器溢出造成的异常。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;94  int
 ir:1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ir, b: </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>6</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ�κ�δ�����쳣����������λ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>若上面</span><span lang=EN-US>6</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位任何未屏蔽异常发生，则置位。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;95  int
 c0:1;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // c0--c3: </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���������λ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>条件码比特位。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;96  int c1:1;</span></p>
 
@@ -89200,9 +89200,9 @@ style='font-family:����'>���������λ��</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;98  int
 top:3;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָʾ</span><span lang=EN-US>80387</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�е�ǰλ��ջ����</span><span lang=EN-US>80</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ�Ĵ�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>指示</span><span lang=EN-US>80387</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中当前位于栈顶的</span><span lang=EN-US>80</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位寄存器。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;99  int c3:1;</span></p>
 
@@ -89213,63 +89213,63 @@ style='font-family:����'>λ�Ĵ�����</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>102 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 80387</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ڲ��Ĵ������Ʒ�ʽ������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>内部寄存器控制方式常量。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>103 #define I387
 (current-&gt;tss.i387)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-</span><span style='font-family:����'>���̵�</span><span lang=EN-US>80387</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>״̬��Ϣ���μ�</span><span lang=EN-US>sched.h</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ļ���</span></p>
+</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>进程的</span><span lang=EN-US>80387</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>状态信息。参见</span><span lang=EN-US>sched.h</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>文件。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>104 #define SWD (*(struct swd *)
-&amp;I387.swd)&nbsp;&nbsp; // 80387</span><span style='font-family:����'>��״̬�����֡�</span></p>
+&amp;I387.swd)&nbsp;&nbsp; // 80387</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>中状态控制字。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>105 #define ROUNDING ((I387.cwd &gt;&gt;
-10) &amp; 3)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span style='font-family:����'>ȡ��������������Ʒ�ʽ��</span></p>
+10) &amp; 3)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>取控制字中舍入控制方式。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>106 #define PRECISION ((I387.cwd &gt;&gt;
-8) &amp; 3)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span style='font-family:����'>ȡ�������о��ȿ��Ʒ�ʽ��</span></p>
+8) &amp; 3)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>取控制字中精度控制方式。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>107 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���徫����Чλ������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>定义精度有效位常量。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>108 #define BITS24 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>������Ч����</span><span lang=EN-US>24</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ�����μ�ͼ</span><span lang=EN-US>11-6</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>精度有效数：</span><span lang=EN-US>24</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位。（参见图</span><span lang=EN-US>11-6</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>）</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>109 #define BITS53 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>������Ч����</span><span lang=EN-US>53</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ��</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>精度有效数：</span><span lang=EN-US>53</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>110 #define BITS64 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>������Ч����</span><span lang=EN-US>64</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>λ��</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>精度有效数：</span><span lang=EN-US>64</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>位。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>111 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������뷽ʽ������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>定义舍入方式常量。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>112 #define ROUND_NEAREST&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>���뷽ʽ�����뵽�����ż����</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>舍入方式：舍入到最近或偶数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>113 #define ROUND_DOWN&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>���뷽ʽ���������ޡ�</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>舍入方式：趋向负无限。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>114 #define ROUND_UP 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>���뷽ʽ�����������ޡ�</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>舍入方式：趋向正无限。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>115 #define ROUND_0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>���뷽ʽ�������</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>舍入方式：趋向截</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>116 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������塣</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>常数定义。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>117 #define CONSTZ&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (temp_real_unaligned) {0x0000,0x0000,0x0000,0x0000,0x0000}&nbsp; // 0</span></p>
@@ -89295,8 +89295,8 @@ style='font-family:����'>�������塣</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>124 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>80387</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��״̬</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>设置</span><span lang=EN-US>80387</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>各状态</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>125 #define set_IE() (I387.swd |=
 1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
@@ -89314,8 +89314,8 @@ style='font-family:����'>��״̬</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>131 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>80387</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����������</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>设置</span><span lang=EN-US>80387</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>各控制条件</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>132 #define set_C0() (I387.swd |= 0x0100)</span></p>
 
@@ -89332,15 +89332,15 @@ style='font-family:����'>����������</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>138 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�������ָ���в�����ʹ�õ�����Ч��ֵַ��������ָ����Ѱַģʽ�ֽڼ�����Ч��ֵַ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>计算仿真指令中操作数使用到的有效地址值，即根据指令中寻址模式字节计算有效地址值。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������</span><span lang=EN-US>__info - </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ж�ʱջ�����ݶ�Ӧ�ṹ��</span><span lang=EN-US>__code - </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>ָ����롣</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>参数：</span><span lang=EN-US>__info - </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>中断时栈中内容对应结构；</span><span lang=EN-US>__code - </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>指令代码。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���أ���Ч��ֵַ��</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>返回：有效地址值。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>139 char * ea(struct info * __info,
 unsigned short __code);</span></p>
@@ -89352,8 +89352,8 @@ unsigned short __code);</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>142 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>������������ת����������</span><span lang=EN-US>convert.c</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ļ���ʵ�֡�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>各种数据类型转换函数。在</span><span lang=EN-US>convert.c</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>文件中实现。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>143 void short_to_temp(const short_real *
 __a, temp_real * __b);</span></p>
@@ -89380,7 +89380,7 @@ temp_real * __b);</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>151 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ȡ�����������ĺ�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>存取各种类型数的函数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>152 void get_short_real(temp_real *, struct
 info *, unsigned short);</span></p>
@@ -89431,7 +89431,7 @@ info *, unsigned short);</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>168 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���渡��ӷ�ָ��ĺ�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>仿真浮点加法指令的函数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>169 void fadd(const temp_real *, const
 temp_real *, temp_real *);</span></p>
@@ -89443,7 +89443,7 @@ temp_real *, temp_real *);</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>172 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���渡��˷�ָ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>仿真浮点乘法指令。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>173 void fmul(const temp_real *, const
 temp_real *, temp_real *);</span></p>
@@ -89455,7 +89455,7 @@ temp_real *, temp_real *);</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>176 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>���渡�����ָ�</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>仿真浮点除法指令。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>177 void fdiv(const temp_real *, const
 temp_real *, temp_real *);</span></p>
@@ -89467,21 +89467,21 @@ temp_real *, temp_real *);</span></p>
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>180 </span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ȽϺ�����</span></p>
+style='font-family:宋体'>比较函数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>181 void fcom(const temp_real *, const temp_real
-*);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span style='font-family:����'>���渡��ָ��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>FCOM</span><span style='font-family:����'>���Ƚ���������</span></p>
+*);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>仿真浮点指令</span><span
+lang=EN-US>FCOM</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>，比较两个数。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>182 void fucom(const temp_real *, const
-temp_real *);&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span style='font-family:����'>���渡��ָ��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>FUCOM</span><span style='font-family:����'>���޴���Ƚϡ�</span></p>
+temp_real *);&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>仿真浮点指令</span><span
+lang=EN-US>FUCOM</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>，无次序比较。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>183 void ftst(const temp_real
 *);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span><span style='font-family:����'>���渡��ָ��</span><span lang=EN-US>FTST</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>��ջ���ۼ�����</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�Ƚϡ�</span></p>
+// </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>仿真浮点指令</span><span lang=EN-US>FTST</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>，栈顶累加器与</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>比较。</span></p>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>184 </span></p>
 
@@ -89507,7 +89507,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448057"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447461"></a><a name="_Toc53320680"><span lang=EN-US>14.25 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-25 linux/include/linux/mm.h</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-25 linux/include/linux/mm.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -89525,29 +89525,29 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-25 linux
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PAGE_SIZE</span></u> 4096&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ�ڴ�ҳ���ֽ�����ע����ٻ���鳤����<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>定义<span lang=EN-US>1</span>页内存页面字节数。注意高速缓冲块长度是<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�Ͷ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原型定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ź�ͷ�ļ��������źŷ��ų������źŽṹ�Լ��źŲ�������ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;signal.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>信号头文件。定义信号符号常量，信号结构以及信号操作函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>SWAP_DEV</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�ڴ�ҳ�潻���豸�š�������<span lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c</span>�ļ��У���<span lang=EN-US>36</span>�С�</p>
+</span>内存页面交换设备号。定义在<span lang=EN-US>mm/memory.c</span>文件中，第<span lang=EN-US>36</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ӽ����豸�����д���������ڴ�ҳ�档<span
-lang=EN-US>ll_rw_page()</span>������<span lang=EN-US>blk_drv/ll_rw_block.c</span>�ļ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从交换设备读入和写出被交换内存页面。<span
+lang=EN-US>ll_rw_page()</span>定义在<span lang=EN-US>blk_drv/ll_rw_block.c</span>文件中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>�����ڴ�����ҳ��ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>buffer</span>�Ƕ�<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>是主内存区中页面号；<span
+lang=EN-US>buffer</span>是读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>read_swap_page</span></u>(nr,buffer) <u><span
@@ -89561,21 +89561,21 @@ style='color:blue'>SWAP_DEV</span></u>,(nr),(buffer));</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ڴ�����ȡ��������ҳ�档����Ѿ�û�п����ڴ��ˣ��򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在主内存区中取空闲物理页面。如果已经没有可用内存了，则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
 extern unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>get_free_page</span></u>(void);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ�������޸Ĺ��������ڴ�ҳ��ӳ�䵽���Ե�ַ�ռ�ָ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>put_page()</span>������ȫһ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>把一内容已修改过的物理内存页面映射到线性地址空间指定处。与<span
+lang=EN-US>put_page()</span>几乎完全一样。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 extern unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>put_dirty_page</span></u>(unsigned
 long page,unsigned long address);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //</span>�ͷ�������ַ<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>��ʼ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ���ڴ档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //</span>释放物理地址<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>开始的<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>页面内存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>free_page</span></u>(unsigned long
@@ -89589,23 +89589,23 @@ void <u><span style='color:blue'>swap_in</span></u>(unsigned long *table_ptr);</
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ʾ�ڴ������������Ϣ�����˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>显示内存已用完出错信息，并退出。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���溯����ǰ�Ĺؼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>volatile</span>���ڸ��߱�����<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>�ú������᷵�ء���������<span
-lang=EN-US>gcc</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面函数名前的关键字<span
+lang=EN-US>volatile</span>用于告诉编译器<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>该函数不会返回。这样可让<span
+lang=EN-US>gcc</span>产生更好</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>һЩ�Ĵ��룬����Ҫ����ʹ������ؼ��ֿ��Ա������ĳЩ��δ��ʼ�������ģ��پ�����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>一些的代码，更重要的是使用这个关键字可以避免产生某些（未初始化变量的）假警告信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 extern inline volatile void <u><span style='color:blue'>oom</span></u>(void)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // do_exit()</span>Ӧ��ʹ���˳����룬���������ź�ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>SIGSEGV(11) </span>��ֵͬ�ĳ����뺬���ǡ���Դ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // do_exit()</span>应该使用退出代码，这里用了信号值<span
+lang=EN-US>SIGSEGV(11) </span>相同值的出错码含义是“资源</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ�����á�������ͬ�塣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>暂时不可用”，正好同义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>printk</span></u>(<i>&quot;out of memory\n\r&quot;</i>);</span></p>
@@ -89617,16 +89617,16 @@ lang=EN-US>SIGSEGV(11) </span>��ֵͬ�ĳ����뺬���ǡ���
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ˢ��ҳ�任���ٻ���꺯����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>刷新页变换高速缓冲宏函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ϊ����ߵ�ַת����Ч�ʣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>�����ʹ�õ�ҳ�����ݴ����оƬ�и��ٻ����С����޸Ĺ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>为了提高地址转换的效率，<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>将最近使用的页表数据存放在芯片中高速缓冲中。在修改过</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ����Ϣ֮�󣬾���Ҫˢ�¸û������� ����ʹ�����¼���ҳĿ¼��ַ�Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>cr3 </span>�ķ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页表信息之后，就需要刷新该缓冲区。 这里使用重新加载页目录基址寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>cr3 </span>的方法来</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ˢ�¡�����<span
-lang=EN-US>eax = 0</span>����ҳĿ¼�Ļ�ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进行刷新。下面<span
+lang=EN-US>eax = 0</span>，是页目录的基址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>invalidate</span></u>() \</span></p>
@@ -89639,48 +89639,48 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;movl %%eax,%%cr3&quot;</i>::<i>&quot;a&quot;</i> (0))</span></p
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u> <b><i>/*
 these are not to be changed without changing head.s etc */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���涨������Ҫ�Ķ�������Ҫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>head.s</span>���ļ��е������Ϣһ��ı�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>下面定义若需要改动，则需要与<span
+lang=EN-US>head.s</span>等文件中的相关信息一起改变<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Linux 0.12</span>�ں�Ĭ��֧�ֵ�����ڴ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>16MB</span>�������޸���Щ�������ʺϸ�����ڴ档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Linux 0.12</span>内核默认支持的最大内存容量是<span
+lang=EN-US>16MB</span>，可以修改这些定义以适合更多的内存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>LOW_MEM</span></u> 0x100000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���������ڴ�Ͷˣ�<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>����</p>
+// </span>机器物理内存低端（<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 extern unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>HIGH_MEMORY</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ʵ�������ڴ���߶˵�ַ��</p>
+// </span>存放实际物理内存最高端地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PAGING_MEMORY</span></u> (15*1024*1024)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ҳ�ڴ�<span lang=EN-US>15MB</span>�����ڴ������<span lang=EN-US>15M</span>��</p>
+// </span>分页内存<span lang=EN-US>15MB</span>。主内存区最多<span lang=EN-US>15M</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PAGING_PAGES</span></u> (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>PAGING_MEMORY</span></u>&gt;&gt;12)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ҳ��������ڴ�ҳ������<span lang=EN-US>3840</span>����</p>
+// </span>分页后的物理内存页面数（<span lang=EN-US>3840</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MAP_NR</span></u>(addr) (((addr)-<u><span
-style='color:blue'>LOW_MEM</span></u>)&gt;&gt;12)&nbsp; // </span>ָ���ڴ��ַӳ��Ϊҳ��š�</p>
+style='color:blue'>LOW_MEM</span></u>)&gt;&gt;12)&nbsp; // </span>指定内存地址映射为页面号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>USED</span></u> 100&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>ҳ�汻ռ�ñ�־���μ�<span lang=EN-US>449</span>�С�</p>
+</span>页面被占用标志，参见<span lang=EN-US>449</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ�ӳ���ֽ�ͼ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽڴ���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>ҳ�ڴ棩��ÿ��ҳ���Ӧ���ֽ����ڱ�־ҳ�浱ǰ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存映射字节图（<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>字节代表<span lang=EN-US>1</span>页内存）。每个页面对应的字节用于标志页面当前被引用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ռ�ã���������������ӳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>15Mb</span>���ڴ�ռ䡣�ڳ�ʼ������<span lang=EN-US>mem_init()</span>�У����ڲ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（占用）次数。它最大可以映射<span
+lang=EN-US>15Mb</span>的内存空间。在初始化函数<span lang=EN-US>mem_init()</span>中，对于不</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ڴ���ҳ���λ�þ���Ԥ�ȱ����ó�<span
-lang=EN-US>USED</span>��<span lang=EN-US>100</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>能用作主内存区页面的位置均都预先被设置成<span
+lang=EN-US>USED</span>（<span lang=EN-US>100</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 extern unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>mem_map</span></u> [ <u><span
@@ -89688,34 +89688,34 @@ style='color:blue'>PAGING_PAGES</span></u> ];</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���涨��ķ��ų�����ӦҳĿ¼�����ҳ��������ҳ�������е�һЩ��־λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面定义的符号常量对应页目录表项和页表（二级页表）项中的一些标志位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PAGE_DIRTY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x40&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>λ<span lang=EN-US>6</span>��ҳ���ࣨ���޸ģ���</p>
+// </span>位<span lang=EN-US>6</span>，页面脏（已修改）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PAGE_ACCESSED</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp; 0x20&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>λ<span lang=EN-US>5</span>��ҳ�汻���ʹ���</p>
+// </span>位<span lang=EN-US>5</span>，页面被访问过。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PAGE_USER</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x04&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>λ<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��ҳ�����ڣ�<span lang=EN-US>1-</span>�û���<span
-lang=EN-US>0-</span>�����û���</p>
+// </span>位<span lang=EN-US>2</span>，页面属于：<span lang=EN-US>1-</span>用户；<span
+lang=EN-US>0-</span>超级用户。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PAGE_RW</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x02&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;//
-</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����дȨ��<span lang=EN-US>1�C</span>д��<span
-lang=EN-US>0�C</span>����</p>
+</span>位<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，读写权：<span lang=EN-US>1–</span>写；<span
+lang=EN-US>0–</span>读。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PAGE_PRESENT</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0x01&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>λ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ҳ����ڣ�<span lang=EN-US>1-</span>���ڣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>0-</span>�����ڡ�</p>
+// </span>位<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，页面存在：<span lang=EN-US>1-</span>存在；<span
+lang=EN-US>0-</span>不存在。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -89740,7 +89740,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448058"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447462"></a><a name="_Toc53320681"><span lang=EN-US>14.26 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-26
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-26
 linux/include/linux/sched.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -89759,7 +89759,7 @@ linux/include/linux/sched.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>HZ</span></u> 100&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>����ϵͳʱ�ӵδ�Ƶ��<span lang=EN-US>(1</span>�ٺ��ȣ�ÿ���δ�<span
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>定义系统时钟滴答频率<span lang=EN-US>(1</span>百赫兹，每个滴答<span
 lang=EN-US>10ms)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u> </span></p>
@@ -89767,17 +89767,17 @@ lang=EN-US>10ms)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_TASKS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 64&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ϵͳ��ͬʱ������񣨽��̣�����</p>
+// </span>系统中同时最多任务（进程）数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TASK_SIZE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x04000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>ÿ������ĳ��ȣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>64MB</span>����</p>
+0x04000000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>每个任务的长度（<span
+lang=EN-US>64MB</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>LIBRARY_SIZE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0x00400000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��̬���ؿⳤ�ȣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>4MB</span>����</p>
+0x00400000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>动态加载库长度（<span
+lang=EN-US>4MB</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -89786,7 +89786,7 @@ lang=EN-US>4MB</span>����</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
 #error <i>&quot;TASK_SIZE must be multiple of 4M&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���񳤶ȱ�����<span lang=EN-US>4MB</span>�ı�����</p>
+// </span>任务长度必须是<span lang=EN-US>4MB</span>的倍数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
 #endif</span></p>
@@ -89797,8 +89797,8 @@ lang=EN-US>4MB</span>����</p>
 (<u><span style='color:blue'>LIBRARY_SIZE</span></u> &amp; 0x3fffff)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
-#error <i>&quot;LIBRARY_SIZE must be a multiple of 4M&quot;</i>&nbsp; // </span>�ⳤ��Ҳ������<span
-lang=EN-US>4MB</span>�ı�����</p>
+#error <i>&quot;LIBRARY_SIZE must be a multiple of 4M&quot;</i>&nbsp; // </span>库长度也必须是<span
+lang=EN-US>4MB</span>的倍数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 #endif</span></p>
@@ -89811,7 +89811,7 @@ style='color:blue'>TASK_SIZE</span></u>/2))</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 #error <i>&quot;LIBRARY_SIZE too damn big!&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ؿ�ĳ��Ȳ��ô������񳤶ȵ�һ�롣</p>
+// </span>加载库的长度不得大于任务长度的一半。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 #endif</span></p>
@@ -89824,15 +89824,15 @@ style='color:blue'>NR_TASKS</span></u>) != 0x10000)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 #error <i>&quot;TASK_SIZE*NR_TASKS must be 4GB&quot;</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���񳤶�<span lang=EN-US>*</span>�����ܸ�������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>4GB</span>��</p>
+// </span>任务长度<span lang=EN-US>*</span>任务总个数必须为<span lang=EN-US>4GB</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 #endif</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڽ����߼���ַ�ռ��ж�̬�ⱻ���ص�λ�ã�<span
-lang=EN-US>60MB</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在进程逻辑地址空间中动态库被加载的位置（<span
+lang=EN-US>60MB</span>处）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>LIBRARY_OFFSET</span></u> (<u><span
@@ -89840,8 +89840,8 @@ style='color:blue'>TASK_SIZE</span></u> - <u><span style='color:blue'>LIBRARY_SI
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����<span lang=EN-US>CT_TO_SECS
-</span>��<span lang=EN-US>CT_TO_USECS</span>���ڰ�ϵͳ��ǰ�����ת��������ֵ��΢��ֵ��ʾ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面宏<span lang=EN-US>CT_TO_SECS
+</span>和<span lang=EN-US>CT_TO_USECS</span>用于把系统当前嘀嗒数转换成用秒值加微秒值表示。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CT_TO_SECS</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -89859,12 +89859,12 @@ style='color:blue'>HZ</span></u>)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FIRST_TASK</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>task</span></u>[0]&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�Ƚ����⣬�������������������һ�����š�</p>
+</span>任务<span lang=EN-US>0</span>比较特殊，所以特意给它单独定义一个符号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>LAST_TASK</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>task</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_TASKS</span></u>-1]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���������е����һ������</p>
+// </span>任务数组中的最后一项任务。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -89903,27 +89903,27 @@ long, max 32 files/proc&quot;</i></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ﶨ���˽�������ʱ���ܴ���״̬��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这里定义了进程运行时可能处的状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TASK_RUNNING</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������л���׼��������</p>
+0&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程正在运行或已准备就绪。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-1&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̴��ڿ��жϵȴ�״̬��</p>
+1&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程处于可中断等待状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-2&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̴��ڲ����жϵȴ�״̬����Ҫ����<span lang=EN-US>I/O</span>�����ȴ���</p>
+2&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程处于不可中断等待状态，主要用于<span lang=EN-US>I/O</span>操作等待。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TASK_ZOMBIE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-3&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̴��ڽ���״̬���Ѿ�ֹͣ���У��������̻�û���źš�</p>
+3&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程处于僵死状态，已经停止运行，但父进程还没发信号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TASK_STOPPED</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-4&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ֹͣ��</p>
+4&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程已停止。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -89932,21 +89932,21 @@ long, max 32 files/proc&quot;</i></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NULL</span></u> ((void *) 0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>Ϊ��ָ�롣</p>
+// </span>定义<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>为空指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>
 #endif</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ƽ��̵�ҳĿ¼ҳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>Linus</span>��Ϊ�����ں�����ӵĺ���֮һ��<span lang=EN-US>( mm/memory.c, 105 )</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>复制进程的页目录页表。<span
+lang=EN-US>Linus</span>认为这是内核中最复杂的函数之一。<span lang=EN-US>( mm/memory.c, 105 )</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>copy_page_tables</span></u>(unsigned
 long from, unsigned long to, long size);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͷ�ҳ����ָ�����ڴ�鼰ҳ��������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>释放页表所指定的内存块及页表本身。<span
 lang=EN-US>( mm/memory.c, 150 )</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u> extern
@@ -89955,34 +89955,34 @@ unsigned long size);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȳ���ĳ�ʼ��������<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>调度程序的初始化函数。<span
 lang=EN-US>( kernel/sched.c, 385 )</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>sched_init</span></u>(void);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���̵��Ⱥ�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>进程调度函数。<span
 lang=EN-US>( kernel/sched.c, 104 )</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>schedule</span></u>(void);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�쳣<span lang=EN-US>(</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>�жϴ�����ʼ�������������жϵ����Ų������ж������źš�<span lang=EN-US>(
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>异常<span lang=EN-US>(</span>陷阱<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>中断处理初始化函数，设置中断调用门并允许中断请求信号。<span lang=EN-US>(
 kernel/traps.c, 181 )</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>trap_init</span></u>(void);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ�ں˳�����Ϣ��Ȼ�������ѭ����<span
-lang=EN-US>( kernel/panic.c, 16 )</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>显示内核出错信息，然后进入死循环。<span
+lang=EN-US>( kernel/panic.c, 16 )</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>
 extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(const char * <u><span
 style='color:blue'>str</span></u>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>��дָ�����ȵ��ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>( kernel/chr_drv/tty_io.c, 290 )</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>往<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>上写指定长度的字符串。<span
+lang=EN-US>( kernel/chr_drv/tty_io.c, 290 )</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_write</span></u>(unsigned minor,char
@@ -89992,54 +89992,54 @@ extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_write</span></u>(unsigned minor,char
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>
 typedef int (*<u><span style='color:blue'>fn_ptr</span></u>)();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���庯��ָ�����͡�</p>
+// </span>定义函数指针类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ѧЭ������ʹ�õĽṹ����Ҫ���ڱ�������л�ʱ<span
-lang=EN-US>i387</span>��ִ��״̬��Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面是数学协处理器使用的结构，主要用于保存进程切换时<span
+lang=EN-US>i387</span>的执行状态信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>i387_struct</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cwd;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>������<span lang=EN-US>(Control word)</span>��</p>
+</span>控制字<span lang=EN-US>(Control word)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>swd</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>״̬��<span lang=EN-US>(Status word)</span>��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>状态字<span lang=EN-US>(Status word)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; twd;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>(Tag word)</span>��</p>
+</span>标记字<span lang=EN-US>(Tag word)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; fip;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>Э����������ָ�롣</p>
+</span>协处理器代码指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; fcs;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>Э����������μĴ�����</p>
+</span>协处理器代码段寄存器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; foo;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ڴ��������ƫ��λ�á�</p>
+// </span>内存操作数的偏移位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; fos;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ڴ�������Ķ�ֵ��</p>
+// </span>内存操作数的段值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; st_space[20];&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* 8*10 bytes for each
 FP-reg = 80 bytes */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u> };&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* 8</span>��<span lang=EN-US>10</span>�ֽڵ�Э�������ۼ�����<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+/* 8</span>个<span lang=EN-US>10</span>字节的协处理器累加器。<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����״̬�����ݽṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>任务状态段数据结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tss_struct</span></u> {</span></p>
@@ -90147,183 +90147,183 @@ lang=EN-US> };</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������񣨽��̣����ݽṹ�����Ϊ������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面是任务（进程）数据结构，或称为进程描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // long
 state&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>���������״̬��<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>�������У�<span lang=EN-US>0</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&gt;0</span>��ֹͣ����</p>
+</span>任务的运行状态（<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>不可运行，<span lang=EN-US>0</span>可运行<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>就绪<span lang=EN-US>)</span>，<span lang=EN-US>&gt;0</span>已停止）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // long
 counter&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>��������ʱ�����<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�ݼ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>���δ�����������ʱ��Ƭ��</p>
+</span>任务运行时间计数<span lang=EN-US>(</span>递减<span lang=EN-US>)</span>（滴答数），运行时间片。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // long
 priority&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>������������ʼ����ʱ<span lang=EN-US>counter=priority</span>��Խ������Խ����</p>
+</span>优先数。任务开始运行时<span lang=EN-US>counter=priority</span>，越大运行越长。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // long
 signal&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;</span>�ź�λͼ��ÿ������λ����һ���źţ��ź�ֵ<span lang=EN-US>=</span>λƫ��ֵ<span lang=EN-US>+1</span>��</p>
+&nbsp;</span>信号位图，每个比特位代表一种信号，信号值<span lang=EN-US>=</span>位偏移值<span lang=EN-US>+1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // struct sigaction
-sigaction[32]&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�ź�ִ�����Խṹ����Ӧ�źŽ�Ҫִ�еĲ����ͱ�־��Ϣ��</p>
+sigaction[32]&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>信号执行属性结构，对应信号将要执行的操作和标志信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // long
 blocked&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�����ź������루��Ӧ�ź�λͼ����</p>
+</span>进程信号屏蔽码（对应信号位图）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // -------------------</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // int
 exit_code&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>����ִ��ֹͣ���˳��룬�丸���̻�ȡ��</p>
+</span>任务执行停止的退出码，其父进程会取。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned long start_code&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>����ε�ַ��</p>
+</span>代码段地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned long
-end_code&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>���볤�ȣ��ֽ�������</p>
+end_code&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>代码长度（字节数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned long
-end_data&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>���볤��<span lang=EN-US>
-+ </span>���ݳ��ȣ��ֽ�������</p>
+end_data&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>代码长度<span lang=EN-US>
++ </span>数据长度（字节数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned long
-brk&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�ܳ��ȣ��ֽ�������</p>
+brk&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>总长度（字节数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned long
-start_stack&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��ջ�ε�ַ��</p>
+start_stack&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>堆栈段地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // long
 pid&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>���̱�ʶ��<span lang=EN-US>(</span>���̺�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+</span>进程标识号<span lang=EN-US>(</span>进程号<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // long
 pgrp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>������š�</p>
+</span>进程组号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // long
 session&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�Ự�š�</p>
+</span>会话号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // long
 leader&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�Ự���졣</p>
+</span>会话首领。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // int
-groups[NGROUPS]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>����������š�һ�����̿����ڶ���顣</p>
+groups[NGROUPS]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>进程所属组号。一个进程可属于多个组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // task_struct
-*p_pptr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>ָ�򸸽��̵�ָ�롣</p>
+*p_pptr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>指向父进程的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // task_struct
-*p_cptr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>ָ�������ӽ��̵�ָ�롣</p>
+*p_cptr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>指向最新子进程的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // task_struct
-*p_ysptr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>ָ����Լ��󴴽������ڽ��̵�ָ�롣</p>
+*p_ysptr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>指向比自己后创建的相邻进程的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // task_struct
-*p_osptr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>ָ����Լ��紴�������ڽ��̵�ָ�롣</p>
+*p_osptr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>指向比自己早创建的相邻进程的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned short
-uid&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�û���ʶ�ţ��û�<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>����</p>
+uid&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>用户标识号（用户<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned short
-euid&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��Ч�û�<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>��</p>
+euid&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>有效用户<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned short
-suid&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>������û�<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>��</p>
+suid&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>保存的用户<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned short
-gid&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>���ʶ�ţ���<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>����</p>
+gid&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>组标识号（组<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned short
-egid&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��Ч��<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>��</p>
+egid&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>有效组<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned short
-sgid&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�������<span
-lang=EN-US>id</span>��</p>
+sgid&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>保存的组<span
+lang=EN-US>id</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // long
 timeout&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�ں˶�ʱ��ʱֵ��</p>
+</span>内核定时超时值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // long
 alarm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>������ʱֵ���δ�������</p>
+</span>报警定时值（滴答数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // long
 utime&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�û�̬����ʱ�䣨�δ�������</p>
+</span>用户态运行时间（滴答数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // long
 stime&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>ϵͳ̬����ʱ�䣨�δ�������</p>
+</span>系统态运行时间（滴答数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // long
 cutime&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�ӽ����û�̬����ʱ�䡣</p>
+</span>子进程用户态运行时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // long
 cstime&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�ӽ���ϵͳ̬����ʱ�䡣</p>
+</span>子进程系统态运行时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // long
 start_time&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>���̿�ʼ����ʱ�̡�</p>
+</span>进程开始运行时刻。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // struct rlimit
-rlim[RLIM_NLIMITS] &nbsp;</span>������Դʹ��ͳ�����顣</p>
+rlim[RLIM_NLIMITS] &nbsp;</span>进程资源使用统计数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned int
-flags;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>�����̵ı�־���������<span
-lang=EN-US>149</span>�п�ʼ���壨��δʹ�ã���</p>
+flags;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>各进程的标志，在下面第<span
+lang=EN-US>149</span>行开始定义（还未使用）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned short
-used_math&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��־���Ƿ�ʹ����Э��������</p>
+used_math&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>标志：是否使用了协处理器。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ------------------------</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // int
 tty&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>����ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ն˵����豸�š�<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>��ʾû��ʹ�á�</p>
+</span>进程使用<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>终端的子设备号。<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>表示没有使用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned short
-umask&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�ļ�������������λ��</p>
+umask&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>文件创建属性屏蔽位。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // struct m_inode *
-pwd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��ǰ����Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹָ�롣</p>
+pwd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>当前工作目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // struct m_inode *
-root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��Ŀ¼<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹָ�롣</p>
+root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>根目录<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // struct m_inode *
-executable&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>ִ���ļ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹָ�롣</p>
+executable&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>执行文件<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // struct m_inode *
-library&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�����ؿ��ļ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�ṹָ�롣</p>
+library&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>被加载库文件<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点结构指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // unsigned long
-close_on_exec&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>ִ��ʱ�ر��ļ����λͼ��־�����μ�<span lang=EN-US>include/fcntl.h</span>��</p>
+close_on_exec&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>执行时关闭文件句柄位图标志。（参见<span lang=EN-US>include/fcntl.h</span>）</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // struct file *
-filp[NR_OPEN]&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�ļ��ṹָ��������<span lang=EN-US>32</span>�����ż����ļ���������ֵ��</p>
+filp[NR_OPEN]&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>文件结构指针表，最多<span lang=EN-US>32</span>项。表项号即是文件描述符的值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // struct desc_struct
-ldt[3]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�ֲ�����������<span lang=EN-US>0-</span>�գ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1-</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>cs</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2-</span>���ݺͶ�ջ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ds&amp;ss</span>��</p>
+ldt[3]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>局部描述符表。<span lang=EN-US>0-</span>空，<span
+lang=EN-US>1-</span>代码段<span lang=EN-US>cs</span>，<span lang=EN-US>2-</span>数据和堆栈段<span
+lang=EN-US>ds&amp;ss</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // struct tss_struct
-tss&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>���̵�����״̬����Ϣ�ṹ��</p>
+tss&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>进程的任务状态段信息结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;//
 ======================================</span></p>
@@ -90490,8 +90490,8 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;* Per process flags</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ÿ�����̵ı�־<span
-lang=EN-US> */&nbsp; /* </span>��ӡ���뾯����Ϣ����δʵ�֣�������<span lang=EN-US>486 */</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>每个进程的标志<span
+lang=EN-US> */&nbsp; /* </span>打印对齐警告信息。还未实现，仅用于<span lang=EN-US>486 */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PF_ALIGNWARN</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -90520,17 +90520,17 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * INIT_TASK</span>�������õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��������������޸ģ������Ը�<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * INIT_TASK</span>用于设置第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个任务表，若想修改，责任自负<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>！</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>Base = 0</span>���γ�<span lang=EN-US>limit = 0x9ffff</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>=640kB</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>基址<span
+lang=EN-US>Base = 0</span>，段长<span lang=EN-US>limit = 0x9ffff</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>=640kB</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ӧ��������ṹ�ĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>���������Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对应上面任务结构的第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个任务的信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>156</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>INIT_TASK</span></u> \</span></p>
@@ -90609,15 +90609,15 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>174</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* ldt */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-{0x9f,0xc0fa00}, \&nbsp; // </span>���볤<span lang=EN-US>640K</span>����ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>0x0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>G=1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>D=1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>DPL=3</span>��<span lang=EN-US>P=1 TYPE=0xa</span></p>
+{0x9f,0xc0fa00}, \&nbsp; // </span>代码长<span lang=EN-US>640K</span>，基址<span
+lang=EN-US>0x0</span>，<span lang=EN-US>G=1</span>，<span lang=EN-US>D=1</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>DPL=3</span>，<span lang=EN-US>P=1 TYPE=0xa</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>175</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-{0x9f,0xc0f200}, \&nbsp; // </span>���ݳ�<span lang=EN-US>640K</span>����ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>0x0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>G=1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>D=1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>DPL=3</span>��<span lang=EN-US>P=1 TYPE=0x2</span></p>
+{0x9f,0xc0f200}, \&nbsp; // </span>数据长<span lang=EN-US>640K</span>，基址<span
+lang=EN-US>0x0</span>，<span lang=EN-US>G=1</span>，<span lang=EN-US>D=1</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>DPL=3</span>，<span lang=EN-US>P=1 TYPE=0x2</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>176</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }, \</span></p>
@@ -90656,29 +90656,29 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>185</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> *<u><span
 style='color:blue'>task</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>NR_TASKS</span></u>];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ָ�����顣</p>
+// </span>任务指针数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>186</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> *<u><span
-style='color:blue'>last_task_used_math</span></u>; // </span>��һ��ʹ�ù�Э�������Ľ��̡�</p>
+style='color:blue'>last_task_used_math</span></u>; // </span>上一个使用过协处理器的进程。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>187</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> *<u><span
 style='color:blue'>current</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ���н��̽ṹָ�������</p>
+// </span>当前运行进程结构指针变量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern unsigned long volatile <u><span style='color:blue'>jiffies</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ӿ�����ʼ����ĵδ�����<span lang=EN-US>10ms/</span>�δ𣩡�</p>
+// </span>从开机开始算起的滴答数（<span lang=EN-US>10ms/</span>滴答）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>startup_time</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʱ�䡣��<span lang=EN-US>1970:0:0:0</span>��ʼ��ʱ��������</p>
+// </span>开机时间。从<span lang=EN-US>1970:0:0:0</span>开始计时的秒数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>190</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>jiffies_offset</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�����ۼ���Ҫ������ʱ���������</p>
+</span>用于累计需要调整的时间嘀嗒数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>191</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
@@ -90687,42 +90687,42 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CURRENT_TIME</span></u> (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>startup_time</span></u>+(<u><span style='color:blue'>jiffies</span></u>+<u><span
 style='color:blue'>jiffies_offset</span></u>)/<u><span style='color:blue'>HZ</span></u>)&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰʱ�䣨��������</p>
+// </span>当前时间（秒数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>193</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���Ӷ�ʱ����������ʱʱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>jiffies</span>�δ�������ʱ��ʱ���ú���<span lang=EN-US>*fn()</span>����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>添加定时器函数（定时时间<span
+lang=EN-US>jiffies</span>滴答数，定时到时调用函数<span lang=EN-US>*fn()</span>）。<span
 lang=EN-US>( kernel/sched.c )</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>add_timer</span></u>(long <u><span
 style='color:blue'>jiffies</span></u>, void (*fn)(void));</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����жϵĵȴ�˯�ߡ�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>不可中断的等待睡眠。<span
 lang=EN-US>( kernel/sched.c )</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>195</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>sleep_on</span></u>(struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> ** p);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���жϵĵȴ�˯�ߡ�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>可中断的等待睡眠。<span
 lang=EN-US>( kernel/sched.c )</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>196</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>interruptible_sleep_on</span></u>(struct
 <u><span style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> ** p);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȷ����˯�ߵĽ��̡�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>明确唤醒睡眠的进程。<span
 lang=EN-US>( kernel/sched.c )</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>197</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern void <u><span style='color:blue'>wake_up</span></u>(struct <u><span
 style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> ** p);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��鵱ǰ�����Ƿ���ָ�����û���<span
-lang=EN-US>grp</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>检查当前进程是否在指定的用户组<span
+lang=EN-US>grp</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>198</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>in_group_p</span></u>(<u><span
@@ -90746,103 +90746,103 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>Ѱ�ҵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>��ȫ�ֱ��е���ڡ�<span lang=EN-US>0-</span>û����<span
-lang=EN-US>nul</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1-</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>cs</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>2-</span>���ݶ�<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>��<span lang=EN-US>3-</span>ϵͳ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>寻找第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>在全局表中的入口。<span lang=EN-US>0-</span>没有用<span
+lang=EN-US>nul</span>，<span lang=EN-US>1-</span>代码段<span lang=EN-US>cs</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>2-</span>数据段<span lang=EN-US>ds</span>，<span lang=EN-US>3-</span>系统段<span
 lang=EN-US>syscall</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 4-</span>����״̬��<span
-lang=EN-US>TSS0</span>��<span lang=EN-US>5-</span>�ֲ���<span lang=EN-US>LTD0</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>6-</span>����״̬��<span lang=EN-US>TSS1</span>���ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 4-</span>任务状态段<span
+lang=EN-US>TSS0</span>，<span lang=EN-US>5-</span>局部表<span lang=EN-US>LTD0</span>，<span
+lang=EN-US>6-</span>任务状态段<span lang=EN-US>TSS1</span>，等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ӹ�Ӣ��ע�Ϳ��Բ��뵽��<span
-lang=EN-US>Linus</span>��ʱ�����ϵͳ���õĴ���ר�ŷ���<span lang=EN-US>GDT</span>���е�<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>�������Ķ��С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从该英文注释可以猜想到，<span
+lang=EN-US>Linus</span>当时曾想把系统调用的代码专门放在<span lang=EN-US>GDT</span>表中第<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>个独立的段中。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������û�������������Ǿ�һֱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>GDT</span>���е�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�������������<span lang=EN-US>syscall</span>�������һ�ԡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>但后来并没有那样做，于是就一直把<span
+lang=EN-US>GDT</span>表中第<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个描述符项（上面<span lang=EN-US>syscall</span>项）闲置在一旁。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���涨��꣺ȫ�ֱ��е�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������״̬��<span lang=EN-US>(TSS)</span>��������ѡ��������š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面定义宏：全局表中第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个任务状态段<span lang=EN-US>(TSS)</span>描述符的选择符索引号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FIRST_TSS_ENTRY</span></u> 4</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȫ�ֱ��е�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>���ֲ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>(LDT)</span>��������ѡ��������š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>全局表中第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个局部描述符表<span
+lang=EN-US>(LDT)</span>描述符的选择符索引号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FIRST_LDT_ENTRY</span></u> (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>FIRST_TSS_ENTRY</span></u>+1)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�궨�壬������ȫ�ֱ��е�<span
-lang=EN-US>n</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>����������ѡ���ֵ��ƫ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>宏定义，计算在全局表中第<span
+lang=EN-US>n</span>个任务的<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>段描述符的选择符值（偏移量）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ÿ��������ռ<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>�ֽڣ����<span lang=EN-US>FIRST_TSS_ENTRY&lt;&lt;3 </span>��ʾ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>GDT</span>���е���ʼƫ��λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因每个描述符占<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>字节，因此<span lang=EN-US>FIRST_TSS_ENTRY&lt;&lt;3 </span>表示该描述符在<span
+lang=EN-US>GDT</span>表中的起始偏移位置。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊÿ������ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>LDT</span>����������ռ��<span lang=EN-US>16</span>�ֽڣ������Ҫ <span lang=EN-US>n&lt;&lt;4
-</span>����ʾ��Ӧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因为每个任务使用<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>和<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个<span
+lang=EN-US>LDT</span>描述符，共占用<span lang=EN-US>16</span>字节，因此需要 <span lang=EN-US>n&lt;&lt;4
+</span>来表示对应</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // TSS</span>��ʼλ�á��ú�õ���ֵ����Ҳ�Ǹ�<span
-lang=EN-US>TSS</span>��ѡ���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // TSS</span>起始位置。该宏得到的值正好也是该<span
+lang=EN-US>TSS</span>的选择符值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>206</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_TSS</span></u>(n) ((((unsigned
 long) n)&lt;&lt;4)+(<u><span style='color:blue'>FIRST_TSS_ENTRY</span></u>&lt;&lt;3))</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�궨�壬������ȫ�ֱ��е�<span
-lang=EN-US>n</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>LDT</span>����������ѡ���ֵ��ƫ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>宏定义，计算在全局表中第<span
+lang=EN-US>n</span>个任务的<span lang=EN-US>LDT</span>段描述符的选择符值（偏移量）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>207</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_LDT</span></u>(n) ((((unsigned
 long) n)&lt;&lt;4)+(<u><span style='color:blue'>FIRST_LDT_ENTRY</span></u>&lt;&lt;3))</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�궨�壬�ѵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>n</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>��ѡ������ص�����Ĵ���<span lang=EN-US>TR</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>宏定义，把第<span
+lang=EN-US>n</span>个任务的<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>段选择符加载到任务寄存器<span lang=EN-US>TR</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>208</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ltr</span></u>(n) __asm__(<i>&quot;ltr
 %%ax&quot;</i>::<i>&quot;a&quot;</i> (<u><span style='color:blue'>_TSS</span></u>(n)))</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�궨�壬�ѵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>n</span>�������<span lang=EN-US>LDT</span>��ѡ������ص��ֲ����������Ĵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>LDTR</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>宏定义，把第<span
+lang=EN-US>n</span>个任务的<span lang=EN-US>LDT</span>段选择符加载到局部描述符表寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>LDTR</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>209</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>lldt</span></u>(n) __asm__(<i>&quot;lldt
 %%ax&quot;</i>::<i>&quot;a&quot;</i> (<u><span style='color:blue'>_LDT</span></u>(n)))</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��ǰ�������������ţ������������е�����ֵ������̺�<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>��ͬ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取当前运行任务的任务号（是任务数组中的索引值，与进程号<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>不同）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ�<span lang=EN-US>n
-- </span>��ǰ����š�����<span lang=EN-US>( kernel/traps.c )</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：<span lang=EN-US>n
+- </span>当前任务号。用于<span lang=EN-US>( kernel/traps.c )</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>210</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>str</span></u>(n) \</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>211</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;str %%ax\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������Ĵ�����<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>�ε�ѡ������Ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>ax</span>�С�</p>
+// </span>将任务寄存器中<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>段的选择符复制到<span lang=EN-US>ax</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>212</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;subl
 %2,%%eax\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // (eax -
-FIRST_TSS_ENTRY*8)</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
+FIRST_TSS_ENTRY*8)</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
 lang=EN-US>eax</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;shrl
 $4,%%eax&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// (eax/16)</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>eax = </span>��ǰ����š�</p>
+// (eax/16)</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US>eax = </span>当前任务号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>214</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;=a&quot;</i>
@@ -90875,55 +90875,55 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * switch_to(n)</span>���л���ǰ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>nr</span>����<span lang=EN-US>n</span>�����ȼ������<span lang=EN-US>n</span>���ǵ�ǰ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * switch_to(n)</span>将切换当前任务到任务<span
+lang=EN-US>nr</span>，即<span lang=EN-US>n</span>。首先检测任务<span lang=EN-US>n</span>不是当前任务，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������ʲôҲ�����˳�����������л���������������ϴ����У�ʹ�ù���ѧ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>如果是则什么也不做退出。如果我们切换到的任务最近（上次运行）使用过数学</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>Э�������Ļ������踴λ���ƼĴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>cr0</span>�е�<span lang=EN-US>TS</span>��־��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>协处理器的话，则还需复位控制寄存器<span
+lang=EN-US>cr0</span>中的<span lang=EN-US>TS</span>标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ת��һ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>TSS</span>��ѡ�����ɵĵ�ַ�������<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>���������л�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>跳转到一个任务的<span
+lang=EN-US>TSS</span>段选择符组成的地址处会造成<span lang=EN-US>CPU</span>进行任务切换操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���룺<span lang=EN-US>%0
-- </span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>__tmp</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;%1 - </span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>__tmp.b</span>�������ڴ����<span
-lang=EN-US>TSS</span>��ѡ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>输入：<span lang=EN-US>%0
+- </span>指向<span lang=EN-US>__tmp</span>；<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+&nbsp;&nbsp;%1 - </span>指向<span lang=EN-US>__tmp.b</span>处，用于存放新<span
+lang=EN-US>TSS</span>的选择符；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx - </span>������<span lang=EN-US>n</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>TSS</span>��ѡ�����<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; ecx - </span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>n</span>������ṹָ��<span lang=EN-US>task[n]</span>��</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dx - </span>新任务<span lang=EN-US>n</span>的<span
+lang=EN-US>TSS</span>段选择符；<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; ecx - </span>新任务<span
+lang=EN-US>n</span>的任务结构指针<span lang=EN-US>task[n]</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʱ���ݽṹ<span
-lang=EN-US>__tmp</span>�����齨<span lang=EN-US>177</span>��Զ��ת��<span lang=EN-US>far
-jump</span>��ָ��Ĳ��������ò�������<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其中临时数据结构<span
+lang=EN-US>__tmp</span>用于组建<span lang=EN-US>177</span>行远跳转（<span lang=EN-US>far
+jump</span>）指令的操作数。该操作数由<span lang=EN-US>4</span>字节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ƫ�Ƶ�ַ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽڵĶ�ѡ�����ɡ����<span
-lang=EN-US>__tmp</span>��<span lang=EN-US>a</span>��ֵ��<span lang=EN-US>32</span>λƫ��ֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>b</span>�ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>偏移地址和<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字节的段选择符组成。因此<span
+lang=EN-US>__tmp</span>中<span lang=EN-US>a</span>的值是<span lang=EN-US>32</span>位偏移值，而<span
+lang=EN-US>b</span>的低<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字节是新</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // TSS</span>�ε�ѡ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽڲ��ã�����ת��<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>��ѡ�������������л�����<span
-lang=EN-US>TSS</span>��Ӧ�Ľ��̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // TSS</span>段的选择符（高<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>字节不用）。跳转到<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>段选择符会造成任务切换到该<span
+lang=EN-US>TSS</span>对应的进程。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������л��ĳ���ת��<span
-lang=EN-US>a</span>ֵ���á�<span lang=EN-US>177</span>���ϵ��ڴ�����תָ��ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>6</span>�ֽڲ�������Ϊ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>对于造成任务切换的长跳转，<span
+lang=EN-US>a</span>值无用。<span lang=EN-US>177</span>行上的内存间接跳转指令使用<span
+lang=EN-US>6</span>字节操作数作为跳</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>תĿ�ĵصĳ�ָ�룬���ʽΪ��<span
-lang=EN-US>jmp 16</span>λ��ѡ�����<span lang=EN-US>32</span>λƫ��ֵ�������ڴ��в������ı�ʾ˳</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>转目的地的长指针，其格式为：<span
+lang=EN-US>jmp 16</span>位段选择符：<span lang=EN-US>32</span>位偏移值。但在内存中操作数的表示顺</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������෴�������л�����֮�����ж�ԭ�����ϴ�ִ���Ƿ�ʹ�ù�Э������ʱ����ͨ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>序与这里正好相反。任务切换回来之后，在判断原任务上次执行是否使用过协处理器时，是通过</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ԭ����ָ���뱣����<span
-lang=EN-US>last_task_used_math</span>�����е��ϴ�ʹ�ù�Э����������ָ����бȽ϶�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将原任务指针与保存在<span
+lang=EN-US>last_task_used_math</span>变量中的上次使用过协处理器任务指针进行比较而</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ģ��μ��ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>���й�<span lang=EN-US>math_state_restore()</span>������˵����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>作出的，参见文件<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/sched.c</span>中有关<span lang=EN-US>math_state_restore()</span>函数的说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>222</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>switch_to</span></u>(n) {\</span></p>
@@ -90933,51 +90933,51 @@ lang=EN-US> struct {long a,b;} __tmp; \</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>224</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;cmpl %%ecx,_current\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>n</span>�ǵ�ǰ������<span lang=EN-US>?(current
+// </span>任务<span lang=EN-US>n</span>是当前任务吗<span lang=EN-US>?(current
 ==task[n]?)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>225</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;je
 1f\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ǣ���ʲô���������˳���</p>
+// </span>是，则什么都不做，退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>226</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movw
 %%dx,%1\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>��<span lang=EN-US>16</span>λѡ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>__tmp.b</span>�С�</p>
+// </span>将新任务<span lang=EN-US>TSS</span>的<span lang=EN-US>16</span>位选择符存入<span
+lang=EN-US>__tmp.b</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>227</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;xchgl
-%%ecx,_current\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // current = task[n]</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>ecx = </span>���л���������</p>
+%%ecx,_current\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // current = task[n]</span>；<span
+lang=EN-US>ecx = </span>被切换出的任务。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>&quot;ljmp
 %0\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ִ�г���ת��<span lang=EN-US>*&amp;__tmp</span>����������л���</p>
+// </span>执行长跳转至<span lang=EN-US>*&amp;__tmp</span>，造成任务切换。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������л�������Ż����ִ���������䡣</p>
+// </span>在任务切换回来后才会继续执行下面的语句。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>229</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;cmpl
-%%ecx,_last_task_used_math\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ԭ�����ϴ�ʹ�ù�Э��������</p>
+%%ecx,_last_task_used_math\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>原任务上次使用过协处理器吗？</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>230</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;jne
 1f\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>û������ת���˳���</p>
+// </span>没有则跳转，退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>231</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;clts\n&quot;</i>
 \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ԭ�����ϴ�ʹ�ù�Э������������<span lang=EN-US>cr0</span>�е�����</p>
+// </span>原任务上次使用过协处理器，则清<span lang=EN-US>cr0</span>中的任务</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>232</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;1:&quot;</i>
 \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�л���־<span lang=EN-US>TS</span>��</p>
+// </span>切换标志<span lang=EN-US>TS</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>233</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ::<i>&quot;m&quot;</i>
@@ -90994,8 +90994,8 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>236</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ҳ���ַ��׼�������ں˴�����û���κεط�����<span
-lang=EN-US>!!</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>页面地址对准。（在内核代码中没有任何地方引用<span
+lang=EN-US>!!</span>）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>237</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PAGE_ALIGN</span></u>(n)
@@ -91004,15 +91004,15 @@ lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PAGE_ALIGN</span></u>(n)
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>238</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����λ�ڵ�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>���������еĸ�����ַ�ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>(</span>����ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>base)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置位于地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>处描述符中的各基地址字段<span lang=EN-US>(</span>基地址是<span
+lang=EN-US>base)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - </span>��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>ƫ��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - </span>��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>ƫ��<span lang=EN-US>4</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 - </span>��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>ƫ��<span lang=EN-US>7</span>��<span lang=EN-US>edx - </span>����ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>base</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - </span>地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>偏移<span lang=EN-US>2</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - </span>地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>偏移<span lang=EN-US>4</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%2 - </span>地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>偏移<span lang=EN-US>7</span>；<span lang=EN-US>edx - </span>基地址<span
+lang=EN-US>base</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>239</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_set_base</span></u>(addr,base)
@@ -91020,30 +91020,30 @@ lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_set_base</span></u>(addr,base)
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>240</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;movw %%dx,%0\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>��ַ<span lang=EN-US>base</span>��<span lang=EN-US>16</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>15-0)</span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>[addr+2]</span>��</p>
+</span>基址<span lang=EN-US>base</span>低<span lang=EN-US>16</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>位<span lang=EN-US>15-0)</span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>[addr+2]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>241</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;rorl
 $16,%%edx\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-edx</span>�л�ַ��<span lang=EN-US>16</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>(</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>31-16)</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>dx</span>��</p>
+edx</span>中基址高<span lang=EN-US>16</span>位<span lang=EN-US>(</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>31-16)</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US>dx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>242</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movb
 %%dl,%1\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ַ��<span lang=EN-US>16</span>λ�еĵ�<span lang=EN-US>8</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>23-16)</span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>[addr+4]</span>��</p>
+// </span>基址高<span lang=EN-US>16</span>位中的低<span lang=EN-US>8</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>位<span lang=EN-US>23-16)</span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>[addr+4]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>243</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movb
 %%dh,%2&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ַ��<span lang=EN-US>16</span>λ�еĸ�<span lang=EN-US>8</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>31-24)</span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>[addr+7]</span>��</p>
+// </span>基址高<span lang=EN-US>16</span>位中的高<span lang=EN-US>8</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>位<span lang=EN-US>31-24)</span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>[addr+7]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>244</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ::<i>&quot;m&quot;</i>
@@ -91063,17 +91063,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>248</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;dx&quot;</i>)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>������<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>�Ĵ����е�ֵ�ѱ�Ƕ�������ı��ˡ�</p>
+// </span>告诉<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>编译器<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>寄存器中的值已被嵌入汇编程序改变了。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>249</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����λ�ڵ�ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>���������еĶ��޳��ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�γ���<span lang=EN-US>limit)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置位于地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>处描述符中的段限长字段<span lang=EN-US>(</span>段长是<span lang=EN-US>limit)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - </span>��ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>addr</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - </span>��ַ<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>ƫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>6</span>����<span lang=EN-US>edx - </span>�γ�ֵ<span lang=EN-US>limit</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - </span>地址<span
+lang=EN-US>addr</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - </span>地址<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>偏移<span
+lang=EN-US>6</span>处；<span lang=EN-US>edx - </span>段长值<span lang=EN-US>limit</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>250</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_set_limit</span></u>(addr,limit)
@@ -91081,39 +91081,39 @@ lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_set_limit</span></u>(addr,limit
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>251</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;movw %%dx,%0\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�γ�<span lang=EN-US>limit</span>��<span lang=EN-US>16</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>15-0)</span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>[addr]</span>��</p>
+// </span>段长<span lang=EN-US>limit</span>低<span lang=EN-US>16</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>位<span lang=EN-US>15-0)</span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>[addr]</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>252</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;rorl
 $16,%%edx\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //
-edx</span>�еĶγ���<span lang=EN-US>4</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>(</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>19-16)</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span
-lang=EN-US>dl</span>��</p>
+edx</span>中的段长高<span lang=EN-US>4</span>位<span lang=EN-US>(</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>19-16)</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span
+lang=EN-US>dl</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>253</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movb
 %1,%%dh\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>ȡԭ<span lang=EN-US>[addr+6]</span>�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
-Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>dh</span>�����и�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>λ��Щ��־��</p>
+</span>取原<span lang=EN-US>[addr+6]</span>字节<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:
+Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>dh</span>，其中高<span lang=EN-US>4</span>位是些标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>254</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;andb
-$0xf0,%%dh\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>dh</span>�ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>(</span>����Ŷγ���λ<span
-lang=EN-US>19-16)</span>��</p>
+$0xf0,%%dh\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>清<span
+lang=EN-US>dh</span>的低<span lang=EN-US>4</span>位<span lang=EN-US>(</span>将存放段长的位<span
+lang=EN-US>19-16)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>255</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;orb
 %%dh,%%dl\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ԭ��<span lang=EN-US>4</span>λ��־�Ͷγ��ĸ�<span lang=EN-US>4</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>19-16)</span>�ϳ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽڣ�</p>
+// </span>将原高<span lang=EN-US>4</span>位标志和段长的高<span lang=EN-US>4</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>位<span lang=EN-US>19-16)</span>合成<span lang=EN-US>1</span>字节，</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>256</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movb
 %%dl,%1&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Ż�<span lang=EN-US>[addr+6]</span>����</p>
+// </span>并放会<span lang=EN-US>[addr+6]</span>处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>257</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ::<i>&quot;m&quot;</i>
@@ -91133,15 +91133,15 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;dx&quot;</
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>261</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���þֲ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>ldt</span>�������Ļ���ַ�ֶΡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置局部描述符表中<span
+lang=EN-US>ldt</span>描述符的基地址字段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>262</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>set_base</span></u>(ldt,base) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_set_base</span></u>( ((char *)&amp;(ldt)) , base )</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���þֲ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>ldt</span>�������Ķγ��ֶΡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设置局部描述符表中<span
+lang=EN-US>ldt</span>描述符的段长字段。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>263</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>set_limit</span></u>(ldt,limit)
@@ -91151,13 +91151,13 @@ lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>set_limit</span></u>(ldt,limit)
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>264</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ӵ�ַ<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>����������ȡ�λ���ַ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>_set_base()</span>�����෴��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从地址<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>处描述符中取段基地址。功能与<span
+lang=EN-US>_set_base()</span>正好相反。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // edx - </span>��Ż���ַ<span
-lang=EN-US>(__base)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - </span>��ַ<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>ƫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%2 - </span>��ַ<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>ƫ��<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%3 - addr</span>ƫ��<span lang=EN-US>7</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // edx - </span>存放基地址<span
+lang=EN-US>(__base)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - </span>地址<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>偏移<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%2 - </span>地址<span lang=EN-US>addr</span>偏移<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%3 - addr</span>偏移<span lang=EN-US>7</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>265</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_get_base</span></u>(addr) ({\</span></p>
@@ -91167,33 +91167,33 @@ lang=EN-US> unsigned long __base; \</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>267</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> __asm__(<i>&quot;movb %3,%%dh\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>[addr+7]</span>����ַ��<span lang=EN-US>16</span>λ�ĸ�<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>(</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>31-24)</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>dh</span>��</p>
+// </span>取<span lang=EN-US>[addr+7]</span>处基址高<span lang=EN-US>16</span>位的高<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>位<span lang=EN-US>(</span>位<span lang=EN-US>31-24)</span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>dh</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>268</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movb
 %2,%%dl\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>[addr+4]</span>����ַ��<span lang=EN-US>16</span>λ�ĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>(</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>23-16)</span><span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>dl</span>��</p>
+// </span>取<span lang=EN-US>[addr+4]</span>处基址高<span lang=EN-US>16</span>位的低<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>位<span lang=EN-US>(</span>位<span lang=EN-US>23-16)</span><span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>dl</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>269</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;shll
-$16,%%edx\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ַ��<span
-lang=EN-US>16</span>λ�Ƶ�<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>�и�<span lang=EN-US>16</span>λ����</p>
+$16,%%edx\n\t&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>基地址高<span
+lang=EN-US>16</span>位移到<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>中高<span lang=EN-US>16</span>位处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>270</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <i>&quot;movw
 %1,%%dx&quot;</i> \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>[addr+2]</span>����ַ��<span lang=EN-US>16</span>λ<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>λ<span lang=EN-US>15-0)</span><span lang=EN-US
-style='font-family:Wingdings'>��</span><span lang=EN-US>dx</span>��</p>
+// </span>取<span lang=EN-US>[addr+2]</span>处基址低<span lang=EN-US>16</span>位<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>位<span lang=EN-US>15-0)</span><span lang=EN-US
+style='font-family:Wingdings'>è</span><span lang=EN-US>dx</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>271</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;=d&quot;</i>
 (__base) \&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ӷ�<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>�к���<span lang=EN-US>32</span>λ�Ķλ���ַ��</p>
+// </span>从而<span lang=EN-US>edx</span>中含有<span lang=EN-US>32</span>位的段基地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>272</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; :<i>&quot;m&quot;</i>
@@ -91213,8 +91213,8 @@ lang=EN-US> __base;})</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>276</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ�ֲ�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>ldt</span>��ָ���������еĻ���ַ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取局部描述符表中<span
+lang=EN-US>ldt</span>所指段描述符中的基地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>277</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>get_base</span></u>(ldt) <u><span
@@ -91223,17 +91223,17 @@ style='color:blue'>_get_base</span></u>( ((char *)&amp;(ldt)) )</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>278</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ��ѡ���<span lang=EN-US>segment</span>ָ�����������еĶ��޳�ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取段选择符<span lang=EN-US>segment</span>指定的描述符中的段限长值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��<span lang=EN-US>lsl</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>Load Segment Limit</span>��д������ָ������������ȡ����ɢ���޳�����λƴ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指令<span lang=EN-US>lsl</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>Load Segment Limit</span>缩写。它从指定段描述符中取出分散的限长比特位拼成完整的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���޳�ֵ����ָ���Ĵ����С����õĶ��޳���ʵ���ֽ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��������ﻹ��Ҫ��<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ŷ��ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>段限长值放入指定寄存器中。所得的段限长是实际字节数减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>，因此这里还需要加<span lang=EN-US>1</span>后才返回。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - </span>��Ŷγ�ֵ<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�ֽ���<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - </span>��ѡ���<span
-lang=EN-US>segment</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - </span>存放段长值<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>字节数<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - </span>段选择符<span
+lang=EN-US>segment</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>279</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>get_limit</span></u>(segment)
@@ -91274,7 +91274,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448059"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447463"></a><a name="_Toc53320682"><span lang=EN-US>14.27 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-27
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-27
 linux/include/linux/sys.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -91292,8 +91292,8 @@ Why isn't this a .c file?&nbsp; Enquiring minds....</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>Ϊʲô�ⲻ��һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>.c</span>�ļ��������Խ��Լ�����<span lang=EN-US>....</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>为什么这不是一个<span
+lang=EN-US>.c</span>文件？动动脑筋自己想想<span lang=EN-US>....</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -91301,83 +91301,83 @@ lang=EN-US>.c</span>�ļ��������Խ��Լ�����<span
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setup</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 0 - </span>ϵͳ������ʼ�����ú����� &nbsp;&nbsp;<span lang=EN-US>(kernel/blk_drv/hd.c)</span></p>
+// 0 - </span>系统启动初始化设置函数。 &nbsp;&nbsp;<span lang=EN-US>(kernel/blk_drv/hd.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_exit</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 1 - </span>�����˳���<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 1 - </span>程序退出。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/exit.c )</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_fork</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 2 - </span>�������̡�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 2 - </span>创建进程。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/system_call.s)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_read</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 3 - </span>���ļ���<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 3 - </span>读文件。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fs/read_write.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_write</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 4 - </span>д�ļ���<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 4 - </span>写文件。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fs/read_write.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_open</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 5 - </span>���ļ���<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(fs/open.c)</span></p>
+// 5 - </span>打开文件。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(fs/open.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_close</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 6 - </span>�ر��ļ���<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 6 - </span>关闭文件。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fs/open.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_waitpid</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 7 - </span>�ȴ�������ֹ��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 7 - </span>等待进程终止。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/exit.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_creat</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 8 - </span>�����ļ���<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 8 - </span>创建文件。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fs/open.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_link</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 9 - </span>����һ���ļ���Ӳ���ӡ�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (fs/namei.c)</span></p>
+// 9 - </span>创建一个文件的硬连接。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (fs/namei.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_unlink</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 10 - </span>ɾ��һ���ļ���<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��ɾ���ļ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span
+// 10 - </span>删除一个文件名<span lang=EN-US>(</span>或删除文件<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。<span
 lang=EN-US> (fs/namei.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_execve</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 11 - </span>ִ�г���<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 11 - </span>执行程序。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/system_call.s)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_chdir</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 12 - </span>���ĵ�ǰĿ¼��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 12 - </span>更改当前目录。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fs/open.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_time</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 13 - </span>ȡ��ǰʱ�䡣<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 13 - </span>取当前时间。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_mknod</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 14 - </span>������<span lang=EN-US>/</span>�ַ������ļ���<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 14 - </span>建立块<span lang=EN-US>/</span>字符特殊文件。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fs/namei.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_chmod</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 15 - </span>�޸��ļ����ԡ�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(fs/open.c)</span></p>
+// 15 - </span>修改文件属性。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(fs/open.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_chown</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 16 - </span>�޸��ļ������������顣<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (fs/open.c)</span></p>
+// 16 - </span>修改文件宿主和所属组。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (fs/open.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_break</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -91387,167 +91387,167 @@ extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_break</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_stat</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 18 - </span>ʹ��·����ȡ�ļ�״̬��Ϣ��<span lang=EN-US>(fs/stat.c)</span></p>
+// 18 - </span>使用路径名取文件状态信息。<span lang=EN-US>(fs/stat.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_lseek</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 19 - </span>���¶�λ��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>д�ļ�ƫ�ơ�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 19 - </span>重新定位读<span lang=EN-US>/</span>写文件偏移。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fs/read_write.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getpid</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 20 - </span>ȡ����<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 20 - </span>取进程<span lang=EN-US>id</span>。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sched.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_mount</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 21 - </span>��װ�ļ�ϵͳ��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 21 - </span>安装文件系统。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fs/super.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_umount</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 22 - </span>ж���ļ�ϵͳ��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 22 - </span>卸载文件系统。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fs/super.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setuid</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 23 - </span>���ý����û�<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 23 - </span>设置进程用户<span lang=EN-US>id</span>。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getuid</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 24 - </span>ȡ�����û�<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 24 - </span>取进程用户<span lang=EN-US>id</span>。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sched.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_stime</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 25 - </span>����ϵͳʱ�����ڡ�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 25 - </span>设置系统时间日期。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_ptrace</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 26 - </span>������ԡ�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 26 - </span>程序调试。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_alarm</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 27 - </span>���ñ�����<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 27 - </span>设置报警。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sched.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_fstat</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 28 - </span>ʹ���ļ����ȡ�ļ���״̬��Ϣ��<span lang=EN-US>(fs/stat.c)</span></p>
+// 28 - </span>使用文件句柄取文件的状态信息。<span lang=EN-US>(fs/stat.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_pause</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 29 - </span>��ͣ�������С�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 29 - </span>暂停进程运行。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sched.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_utime</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 30 - </span>�ı��ļ��ķ��ʺ��޸�ʱ�䡣<span lang=EN-US>(fs/open.c)</span></p>
+// 30 - </span>改变文件的访问和修改时间。<span lang=EN-US>(fs/open.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_stty</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 31 - </span>�޸��ն������á�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 31 - </span>修改终端行设置。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_gtty</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 32 - </span>ȡ�ն���������Ϣ��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 32 - </span>取终端行设置信息。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_access</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 33 - </span>����û���һ���ļ��ķ���Ȩ�ޡ�<span lang=EN-US>(fs/open.c)</span></p>
+// 33 - </span>检查用户对一个文件的访问权限。<span lang=EN-US>(fs/open.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_nice</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 34 - </span>���ý���ִ������Ȩ��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 34 - </span>设置进程执行优先权。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sched.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_ftime</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 35 - </span>ȡ���ں�ʱ�䡣<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 35 - </span>取日期和时间。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_sync</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 36 - </span>ͬ�����ٻ������豸�����ݡ�<span lang=EN-US>(fs/buffer.c)</span></p>
+// 36 - </span>同步高速缓冲与设备中数据。<span lang=EN-US>(fs/buffer.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_kill</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 37 - </span>��ֹһ�����̡�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 37 - </span>终止一个进程。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/exit.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_rename</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 38 - </span>�����ļ�����<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 38 - </span>更改文件名。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_mkdir</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// 39 - </span>����Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// 39 - </span>创建目录。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fs/namei.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_rmdir</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 40 - </span>ɾ��Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 40 - </span>删除目录。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fs/namei.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_dup</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 41 - </span>�����ļ������<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 41 - </span>复制文件句柄。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fs/fcntl.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_pipe</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 42 - </span>�����ܵ���<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 42 - </span>创建管道。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(fs/pipe.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_times</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 43 - </span>ȡ����ʱ�䡣<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 43 - </span>取运行时间。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_prof</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 44 - </span>����ִ��ʱ������<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 44 - </span>程序执行时间区域。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_brk</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 45 - </span>�޸����ݶγ��ȡ�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 45 - </span>修改数据段长度。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setgid</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 46 - </span>���ý�����<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 46 - </span>设置进程组<span lang=EN-US>id</span>。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getgid</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 47 - </span>ȡ������<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 47 - </span>取进程组<span lang=EN-US>id</span>。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sched.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_signal</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 48 - </span>�źŴ�����<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 48 - </span>信号处理。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/signal.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_geteuid</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 49 - </span>ȡ������Ч�û�<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 49 - </span>取进程有效用户<span lang=EN-US>id</span>。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kenrl/sched.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getegid</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 50 - </span>ȡ������Ч��<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 50 - </span>取进程有效组<span lang=EN-US>id</span>。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kenrl/sched.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_acct</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 51 - </span>���̼��ʡ�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 51 - </span>进程记帐。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>
@@ -91562,12 +91562,12 @@ extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_lock</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_ioctl</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 54 - </span>�豸����������ơ�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 54 - </span>设备输入输出控制。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fs/ioctl.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_fcntl</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 55 - </span>�ļ�������Ʋ�����<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;(fs/fcntl.c)</span></p>
+// 55 - </span>文件句柄控制操作。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;(fs/fcntl.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_mpx</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -91575,148 +91575,148 @@ extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_mpx</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setpgid</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 57 - </span>���ý�����<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 57 - </span>设置进程组<span lang=EN-US>id</span>。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_ulimit</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 58 - </span>ͳ�ƽ���ʹ����Դ����� <span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
+// 58 - </span>统计进程使用资源情况。 <span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u> extern
 int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_uname</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 59 - </span>��ʾϵͳ��Ϣ��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
+// 59 - </span>显示系统信息。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_umask</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 60 - </span>ȡĬ���ļ����������롣<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;(kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
+// 60 - </span>取默认文件创建属性码。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;(kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_chroot</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 61 - </span>�ı��Ŀ¼��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 61 - </span>改变根目录。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fs/open.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_ustat</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// 62 - </span>ȡ�ļ�ϵͳ��Ϣ��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// 62 - </span>取文件系统信息。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fs/open.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_dup2</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 63 - </span>�����ļ������<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 63 - </span>复制文件句柄。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fs/fcntl.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getppid</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 64 - </span>ȡ������<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 64 - </span>取父进程<span lang=EN-US>id</span>。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sched.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getpgrp</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 65 - </span>ȡ������<span lang=EN-US>id</span>������<span lang=EN-US>getpgid(0)</span>��<span
+// 65 - </span>取进程组<span lang=EN-US>id</span>，等于<span lang=EN-US>getpgid(0)</span>。<span
 lang=EN-US>(kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setsid</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 66 - </span>���»Ự�����г���<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 66 - </span>在新会话中运行程序。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_sigaction</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 67 - </span>�ı��źŴ������̡�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 67 - </span>改变信号处理过程。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/signal.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>73</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_sgetmask</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 68 - </span>ȡ�ź������롣<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 68 - </span>取信号屏蔽码。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/signal.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_ssetmask</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 69 - </span>�����ź������롣<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 69 - </span>设置信号屏蔽码。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;(kernel/signal.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setreuid</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 70 - </span>������ʵ��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>����Ч�û�<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span
+// 70 - </span>设置真实与<span lang=EN-US>/</span>或有效用户<span lang=EN-US>id</span>。<span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp; (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>76</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setregid</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 71 - </span>������ʵ��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>����Ч��<span lang=EN-US>id</span>��<span
+// 71 - </span>设置真实与<span lang=EN-US>/</span>或有效组<span lang=EN-US>id</span>。<span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_sigpending</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 73 - </span>�����δ�������źš�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (kernel/signal.c)</span></p>
+// 73 - </span>检查暂未处理的信号。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (kernel/signal.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_sigsuspend</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 72 - </span>ʹ���������������̡�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (kernel/signal.c)</span></p>
+// 72 - </span>使用新屏蔽码挂起进程。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (kernel/signal.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_sethostname</span></u>();&nbsp; //
-74 - </span>������������<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+74 - </span>设置主机名。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setrlimit</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 75 - </span>������Դʹ�����ơ�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 75 - </span>设置资源使用限制。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getrlimit</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 76 - </span>ȡ�ý���ʹ����Դ�����ơ�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
+// 76 - </span>取得进程使用资源的限制。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getrusage</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 // 77 - </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>
-extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_gettimeofday</span></u>(); // 78 - </span>��ȡ����ʱ�䡣<span
+extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_gettimeofday</span></u>(); // 78 - </span>获取当日时间。<span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>
-extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_settimeofday</span></u>(); // 79 - </span>���õ���ʱ�䡣<span
+extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_settimeofday</span></u>(); // 79 - </span>设置当日时间。<span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_getgroups</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 80 - </span>ȡ�ý����������ʶ�š�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
+// 80 - </span>取得进程所有组标识号。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_setgroups</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 81 - </span>���ý������ʶ�����顣<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
+// 81 - </span>设置进程组标识号数组。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (kernel/sys.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_select</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 82 - </span>�ȴ��ļ�������״̬�ı䡣<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; (fs/select.c)</span></p>
+// 82 - </span>等待文件描述符状态改变。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; (fs/select.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_symlink</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 83 - </span>�����������ӡ�<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-(fs/namei.c</span>��<span lang=EN-US>767)</span></p>
+// 83 - </span>建立符号链接。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+(fs/namei.c</span>，<span lang=EN-US>767)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>89</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_lstat</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 84 - </span>ȡ���������ļ�״̬��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (fs/stat.c</span>��<span
+// 84 - </span>取符号链接文件状态。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (fs/stat.c</span>，<span
 lang=EN-US>47)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>90</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_readlink</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 85 - </span>��ȡ���������ļ���Ϣ��<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (fs/stat.c</span>��<span
+// 85 - </span>读取符号链接文件信息。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (fs/stat.c</span>，<span
 lang=EN-US>69)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>91</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_uselib</span></u>();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 86 - </span>ѡ�����⡣<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// 86 - </span>选择共享库。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (fs/exec.c, 42)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>92</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ���ú���ָ���������ϵͳ�����жϴ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>(int 0x80)</span>����Ϊ��ת����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统调用函数指针表。用于系统调用中断处理程序<span
+lang=EN-US>(int 0x80)</span>，作为跳转表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>93</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>fn_ptr</span></u> <u><span style='color:blue'>sys_call_table</span></u>[]
@@ -91811,7 +91811,7 @@ lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>110</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> <b><i>/* So we don't have to do any more manual updating.... */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����������������Ǿ������ֹ�����ϵͳ������Ŀ��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>下面这样定义后，我们就无需手工更新系统调用数目了<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>111</span></u><span
@@ -91838,7 +91838,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448060"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447464"></a><a name="_Toc53320683"><span lang=EN-US>14.28 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-28
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-28
 linux/include/linux/tty.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -91867,16 +91867,16 @@ offsets into 'tty_queue'</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'tty.h'</span>�ж�����<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>����ʹ�õ�ĳЩ�ṹ������һЩ���塣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * 'tty.h'</span>中定义了<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>程序使用的某些结构和其他一些定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�⣡���޸�����Ķ���ʱ��һ��Ҫ���<span
-lang=EN-US>rs_io.s</span>��<span lang=EN-US>con_io.s</span>�����в���������⡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意！在修改这里的定义时，一定要检查<span
+lang=EN-US>rs_io.s</span>或<span lang=EN-US>con_io.s</span>程序中不会出现问题。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ϵͳ����Щ������ֱ��д�ڳ����еģ���Ҫ��һЩ<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_queue</span>�е�ƫ��ֵ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>在系统中有些常量是直接写在程序中的（主要是一些<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_queue</span>中的偏移值）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -91892,63 +91892,63 @@ lang=EN-US>tty_queue</span>�е�ƫ��ֵ����</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MAX_CONSOLES</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����������̨������</p>
+// </span>最大虚拟控制台数量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_SERIALS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ն�������</p>
+2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>串行终端数量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u> #define
 <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_PTYS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>α�ն�������</p>
+4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>伪终端数量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>NR_CONSOLES</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������̨������</p>
+// </span>虚拟控制台数量。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
-#include &lt;termios.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ն������������ͷ�ļ�����Ҫ��������첽ͨ�ſڵ��ն˽ӿڡ�</p>
+#include &lt;termios.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>终端输入输出函数头文件。主要定义控制异步通信口的终端接口。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TTY_BUF_SIZE</span></u> 1024&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// tty</span>��������������У���С��</p>
+// tty</span>缓冲区（缓冲队列）大小。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>�ַ�����������ݽṹ������<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_struc</span>�ṹ�еĶ���д�͸������淶��������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>字符缓冲队列数据结构。用于<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_struc</span>结构中的读、写和辅助（规范）缓冲队列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_queue</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned long data;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���л������к����ַ�����ֵ�����ǵ�ǰ�ַ�������</p>
+// </span>队列缓冲区中含有字符行数值（不是当前字符数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ڴ����նˣ����Ŵ��ж˿ڵ�ַ��</p>
+// </span>对于串口终端，则存放串行端口地址。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>head</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������������ͷָ�롣</p>
+// </span>缓冲区中数据头指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;unsigned long tail;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������������βָ�롣</p>
+// </span>缓冲区中数据尾指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>task_struct</span></u> * proc_list;&nbsp; //
-</span>�ȴ������еĽ����б���</p>
+</span>等待本队列的进程列表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 char <u><span style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>TTY_BUF_SIZE</span></u>];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���еĻ�������</p>
+// </span>队列的缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u> };</span></p>
 
@@ -91956,84 +91956,84 @@ char <u><span style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>[<u><span style='color:blue'>TTY_
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>IS_A_CONSOLE</span></u>(min)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-(((min) &amp; 0xC0) == 0x00)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ�������նˡ�</p>
+(((min) &amp; 0xC0) == 0x00)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是一个控制终端。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>IS_A_SERIAL</span></u>(min)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-(((min) &amp; 0xC0) == 0x40)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ�������նˡ�</p>
+(((min) &amp; 0xC0) == 0x40)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是一个串行终端。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>IS_A_PTY</span></u>(min)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ((min) &amp; 0x80)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��һ��α�նˡ�</p>
+// </span>是一个伪终端。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>IS_A_PTY_MASTER</span></u>(min)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-(((min) &amp; 0xC0) == 0x80)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ����α�նˡ�</p>
+(((min) &amp; 0xC0) == 0x80)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是一个主伪终端。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>IS_A_PTY_SLAVE</span></u>(min)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-(((min) &amp; 0xC0) == 0xC0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ����α�նˡ�</p>
+(((min) &amp; 0xC0) == 0xC0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是一个辅伪终端。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PTY_OTHER</span></u>(min)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ((min) ^ 0x40)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����α�նˡ�</p>
+// </span>其他伪终端。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���¶�����<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ȴ������л����������꺯������<span
-lang=EN-US>tail</span>��ǰ��<span lang=EN-US>head</span>�ں󣬲μ�<span lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>��ͼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下定义了<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>等待队列中缓冲区操作宏函数。（<span
+lang=EN-US>tail</span>在前，<span lang=EN-US>head</span>在后，参见<span lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>的图）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // a</span>������ָ��ǰ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽڣ����ѳ����������Ҳ࣬��ָ��ѭ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // a</span>缓冲区指针前移<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>字节，若已超出缓冲区右侧，则指针循环。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>INC</span></u>(a) ((a) = ((a)+1) &amp; (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>TTY_BUF_SIZE</span></u>-1))</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // a</span>������ָ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�ֽڣ���ѭ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // a</span>缓冲区指针后退<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>字节，并循环。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEC</span></u>(a) ((a) = ((a)-1) &amp; (<u><span
 style='color:blue'>TTY_BUF_SIZE</span></u>-1))</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ָ�����еĻ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>清空指定队列的缓冲区。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EMPTY</span></u>(a) ((a)-&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>head</span></u> == (a)-&gt;tail)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������ɴ���ַ��ĳ��ȣ����������ȣ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>缓冲区还可存放字符的长度（空闲区长度）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>LEFT</span></u>(a) (((a)-&gt;tail-(a)-&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>head</span></u>-1)&amp;(<u><span style='color:blue'>TTY_BUF_SIZE</span></u>-1))</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����������һ��λ�á�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>缓冲区中最后一个位置。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>LAST</span></u>(a) ((a)-&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>[(<u><span style='color:blue'>TTY_BUF_SIZE</span></u>-1)&amp;((a)-&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>head</span></u>-1)])</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>�Ļ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>缓冲区满（如果为<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>的话）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FULL</span></u>(a) (!<u><span
 style='color:blue'>LEFT</span></u>(a))</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������Ѵ���ַ��ĳ��ȣ��ַ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>缓冲区中已存放字符的长度（字符数）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>CHARS</span></u>(a) (((a)-&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>head</span></u>-(a)-&gt;tail)&amp;(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>TTY_BUF_SIZE</span></u>-1))</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>queue</span>�����������ȡһ�ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>tail</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>tail+=1)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从<span lang=EN-US>queue</span>队列项缓冲区中取一字符<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>从<span lang=EN-US>tail</span>处，并且<span lang=EN-US>tail+=1)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>GETCH</span></u>(queue,c) \</span></p>
@@ -92042,8 +92042,8 @@ lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>tail</span>��������<sp
 (void)({c=(queue)-&gt;<u><span style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>[(queue)-&gt;tail];<u><span
 style='color:blue'>INC</span></u>((queue)-&gt;tail);})</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>queue</span>����������з���һ�ַ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>head</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>head+=1</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>往<span lang=EN-US>queue</span>队列项缓冲区中放置一字符（在<span
+lang=EN-US>head</span>处，并且<span lang=EN-US>head+=1</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>PUTCH</span></u>(c,queue) \</span></p>
@@ -92055,51 +92055,51 @@ style='color:blue'>head</span></u>);})</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж��ն˼����ַ����͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断终端键盘字符类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>INTR_CHAR</span></u>(tty) ((tty)-&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_cc[<u><span style='color:blue'>VINTR</span></u>])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�жϷ������ж��ź�<span lang=EN-US>SIGINT</span>��</p>
+// </span>中断符。发中断信号<span lang=EN-US>SIGINT</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>QUIT_CHAR</span></u>(tty) ((tty)-&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_cc[<u><span style='color:blue'>VQUIT</span></u>])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�˳��������˳��ź�<span lang=EN-US>SIGQUIT</span>��</p>
+// </span>退出符。发退出信号<span lang=EN-US>SIGQUIT</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ERASE_CHAR</span></u>(tty) ((tty)-&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_cc[<u><span style='color:blue'>VERASE</span></u>])&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������������һ���ַ���</p>
+// </span>削除符。擦除一个字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>KILL_CHAR</span></u>(tty) ((tty)-&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_cc[<u><span style='color:blue'>VKILL</span></u>])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ɾ���С�ɾ��һ���ַ���</p>
+// </span>删除行。删除一行字符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EOF_CHAR</span></u>(tty) ((tty)-&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_cc[<u><span style='color:blue'>VEOF</span></u>])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ���������</p>
+// </span>文件结束符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>START_CHAR</span></u>(tty) ((tty)-&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_cc[<u><span style='color:blue'>VSTART</span></u>])&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʼ�����ָ������</p>
+// </span>开始符。恢复输出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>STOP_CHAR</span></u>(tty) ((tty)-&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_cc[<u><span style='color:blue'>VSTOP</span></u>])&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ֹͣ����ֹͣ�����</p>
+// </span>停止符。停止输出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SUSPEND_CHAR</span></u>(tty) ((tty)-&gt;<u><span
 style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>.c_cc[<u><span style='color:blue'>VSUSP</span></u>])&nbsp;
-// </span>��������������ź�<span lang=EN-US>SIGTSTP</span>��</p>
+// </span>挂起符。发挂起信号<span lang=EN-US>SIGTSTP</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>���ݽṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>数据结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u> {</span></p>
@@ -92107,82 +92107,82 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>termios</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>termios</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ն�<span lang=EN-US>io</span>���ԺͿ����ַ����ݽṹ��</p>
+// </span>终端<span lang=EN-US>io</span>属性和控制字符数据结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;int pgrp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���������顣</p>
+// </span>所属进程组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int session;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Ự�š�</p>
+// </span>会话号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int stopped;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ֹͣ��־��</p>
+// </span>停止标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 void (*<u><span style='color:blue'>write</span></u>)(struct <u><span
-style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u> * tty);&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>д����ָ�롣</p>
+style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u> * tty);&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty</span>写函数指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>64</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_queue</span></u> *read_q;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// tty</span>�����С�</p>
+// tty</span>读队列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>65</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_queue</span></u> *write_q;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// tty</span>д���С�</p>
+// tty</span>写队列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>66</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_queue</span></u> *secondary;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// tty</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��Ź淶ģʽ�ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+// tty</span>辅助队列<span lang=EN-US>(</span>存放规范模式字符序列<span lang=EN-US>)</span>，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>67</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 };&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ɳ�Ϊ�淶<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>ģʽ���С�</p>
+// </span>可称为规范<span lang=EN-US>(</span>熟<span lang=EN-US>)</span>模式队列。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>68</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u>
 extern struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_struct</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>tty_table</span></u>[];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// tty</span>�ṹ���顣</p>
+// tty</span>结构数组。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>fg_console</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ǰ̨����̨�š�</p>
+// </span>前台控制台号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ն�������<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_table[] </span>��ȡ��Ӧ�ն˺�<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>tty </span>�ṹָ�롣��<span lang=EN-US>73</span>�к�벿������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据终端类型在<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_table[] </span>中取对应终端号<span lang=EN-US>nr</span>的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty </span>结构指针。第<span lang=EN-US>73</span>行后半部分用于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������豸��<span
-lang=EN-US>dev</span>��<span lang=EN-US>tty_table[]</span>����ѡ���Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ�����<span lang=EN-US>dev = 0</span>����ʾ����ʹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>根据子设备号<span
+lang=EN-US>dev</span>在<span lang=EN-US>tty_table[]</span>表中选择对应的<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构。如果<span lang=EN-US>dev = 0</span>，表示正在使用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ǰ̨�նˣ����ֱ��ʹ���ն˺�<span
-lang=EN-US>fg_console </span>��Ϊ <span lang=EN-US>tty_table[] </span>������ȡ <span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>前台终端，因此直接使用终端号<span
+lang=EN-US>fg_console </span>作为 <span lang=EN-US>tty_table[] </span>项索引取 <span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构。如果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // dev</span>����<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ô��Ҫ������������ǣ���
-<span lang=EN-US>dev </span>�������ն˺ţ��� <span lang=EN-US>dev </span>�Ǵ����ն˺Ż���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // dev</span>大于<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，那么就要分两种情况考虑：①
+<span lang=EN-US>dev </span>是虚拟终端号；② <span lang=EN-US>dev </span>是串行终端号或者</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>α�ն˺š����������ն���<span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ�� <span lang=EN-US>tty_table[]</span>���������� <span
-lang=EN-US>dev-1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0 -- 63</span>��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>伪终端号。对于虚拟终端其<span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构在 <span lang=EN-US>tty_table[]</span>中索引项是 <span
+lang=EN-US>dev-1</span>（<span lang=EN-US>0 -- 63</span>）。对于</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������նˣ������ǵ� <span
-lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ��������� <span lang=EN-US>dev</span>�����磬���<span lang=EN-US>dev
-= 64</span>����ʾ��һ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其它类型终端，则它们的 <span
+lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构索引项就是 <span lang=EN-US>dev</span>。例如，如果<span lang=EN-US>dev
+= 64</span>，表示是一个串</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ն�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>tty </span>�ṹ���� <span lang=EN-US>ttb_table[dev]</span>�� ���<span
-lang=EN-US>dev = 1</span>�����Ӧ�ն˵�<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>�ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>行终端<span lang=EN-US>1</span>，则其<span
+lang=EN-US>tty </span>结构就是 <span lang=EN-US>ttb_table[dev]</span>。 如果<span
+lang=EN-US>dev = 1</span>，则对应终端的<span lang=EN-US>tty</span>结构是</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty_table[0]</span>���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>�����<span lang=EN-US>70 -- 73</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // tty_table[0]</span>。参见<span
+lang=EN-US>tty_io.c</span>程序第<span lang=EN-US>70 -- 73</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>TTY_TABLE</span></u>(nr) \</span></p>
@@ -92193,19 +92193,19 @@ style='color:blue'>tty_table</span></u> + ((nr) ? (((nr) &lt; 64)? (nr)-1:(nr))
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>74</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ն�<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ�пɸ��ĵ������ַ�����<span lang=EN-US>c_cc[]</span>�ĳ�ʼֵ����<span
-lang=EN-US>termios</span>�ṹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这里给出了终端<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构中可更改的特殊字符数组<span lang=EN-US>c_cc[]</span>的初始值。该<span
+lang=EN-US>termios</span>结构</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>include/termios.h</span>�С�<span
-lang=EN-US>POSIX.1</span>������<span lang=EN-US>11</span>�������ַ�������<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>ϵͳ�����ⶨ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>定义在<span lang=EN-US>include/termios.h</span>中。<span
+lang=EN-US>POSIX.1</span>定义了<span lang=EN-US>11</span>个特殊字符，但是<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>系统还另外定</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>SVR4</span>ʹ�õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>6</span>�������ַ������������<span lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>\0</span>������ô��ĳһ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>义了<span lang=EN-US>SVR4</span>使用的<span
+lang=EN-US>6</span>个特殊字符。如果定义了<span lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>\0</span>），那么当某一项值等</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>��ֵʱ����ʾ��ֹʹ����Ӧ�������ַ���<span
-lang=EN-US>[8</span>����ֵ<span lang=EN-US>]</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>于<span lang=EN-US>_POSIX_VDISABLE</span>的值时，表示禁止使用相应的特殊字符。<span
+lang=EN-US>[8</span>进制值<span lang=EN-US>]</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>75</span></u> <b><i>/*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 intr=^C&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -92228,25 +92228,25 @@ werase=^W&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; lnext=^V</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u> <b><i>*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�ж�<span lang=EN-US>intr=^C&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>�˳�<span lang=EN-US>quit=^|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>ɾ��<span
-lang=EN-US>erase=del&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>��ֹ<span lang=EN-US>kill=^U</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>中断<span lang=EN-US>intr=^C&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+</span>退出<span lang=EN-US>quit=^|&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>删除<span
+lang=EN-US>erase=del&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>终止<span lang=EN-US>kill=^U</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ļ�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>文件结束<span
 lang=EN-US>eof=^D&nbsp;
 vtime=\0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 vmin=\1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sxtc=\0</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ʼ<span
-lang=EN-US>start=^Q&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>ֹͣ<span lang=EN-US>stop=^S&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</span>����<span lang=EN-US>susp=^Z&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</span>�н���<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>开始<span
+lang=EN-US>start=^Q&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>停止<span lang=EN-US>stop=^S&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+</span>挂起<span lang=EN-US>susp=^Z&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</span>行结束<span
 lang=EN-US>eol=\0</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>reprint=^R&nbsp; </span>����<span lang=EN-US>discard=^U&nbsp;
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>重显<span
+lang=EN-US>reprint=^R&nbsp; </span>丢弃<span lang=EN-US>discard=^U&nbsp;
 werase=^W&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; lnext=^V</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�н���<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>行结束<span
 lang=EN-US>eol2=\0</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
@@ -92258,16 +92258,16 @@ lang=EN-US>eol2=\0</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>rs_init</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�첽����ͨ�ų�ʼ����<span lang=EN-US>(kernel/chr_drv/serial.c)</span></p>
+// </span>异步串行通信初始化。<span lang=EN-US>(kernel/chr_drv/serial.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>con_init</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ն˳�ʼ����<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// </span>控制终端初始化。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/chr_drv/console.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>tty_init</span></u>(void);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// tty</span>��ʼ����<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+// tty</span>初始化。<span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (kernel/chr_drv/tty_io.c)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u> </span></p>
@@ -92340,7 +92340,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448061"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447465"><span lang=EN-US>14.29 </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-29 linux/include/sys/param.h</span></a></h2>
+黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-29 linux/include/sys/param.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -92358,18 +92358,18 @@ name="_Toc493447465"><span lang=EN-US>14.29 </span><span style='font-family:
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>HZ</span></u> 100&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ϵͳʱ��Ƶ�ʣ�ÿ���ж�<span lang=EN-US>100</span>�Ρ�</p>
+// </span>系统时钟频率，每秒中断<span lang=EN-US>100</span>次。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>EXEC_PAGESIZE</span></u> 4096&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ҳ���С��</p>
+// </span>页面大小。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NGROUPS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 32&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Max number of groups per user */</i></b>
-/* </span>ÿ������������<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+/* </span>每个进程最多组号<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>NOGROUP</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -92379,7 +92379,7 @@ name="_Toc493447465"><span lang=EN-US>14.29 </span><span style='font-family:
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MAXHOSTNAMELEN</span></u> 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������󳤶ȣ�<span lang=EN-US>8</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+// </span>主机名最大长度，<span lang=EN-US>8</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -92406,7 +92406,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448062"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447466"><span lang=EN-US>14.30 </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-30 linux/include/sys/resource.h</span></a></h2>
+黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-30 linux/include/sys/resource.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -92423,8 +92423,8 @@ Resource control/accounting header file for linux</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Linux</span>��Դ����<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>���ͷ�ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Linux</span>资源控制<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>审计头文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -92436,9 +92436,9 @@ lang=EN-US>/</span>���ͷ�ļ���</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���·��ų����ͽṹ����<span
-lang=EN-US>getrusage()</span>���μ�<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sys.c</span>�ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>412</span>�п�ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下符号常数和结构用于<span
+lang=EN-US>getrusage()</span>。参见<span lang=EN-US>kernel/sys.c</span>文件第<span
+lang=EN-US>412</span>行开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> <b><i>/*</i></b></span></p>
 
@@ -92461,41 +92461,41 @@ structure will lose.&nbsp; This reduces the chances of that happening.</i></b></
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * rusage</span>�ṹ�Ķ���ȡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>BSD 4.3 Reno</span>ϵͳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * rusage</span>结构的定义取自<span
+lang=EN-US>BSD 4.3 Reno</span>系统。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������ڻ�û��֧�ָýṹ�е�������Щ�ֶΣ������ǿ��ܻ�֧�����ǵ�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>我们现在还没有支持该结构中的所有这些字段，但我们可能会支持它们的<span
 lang=EN-US>....</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>����Ļ���ÿ�����������µ��ֶΣ���Щ����������ṹ�ĳ���ͻ�����⡣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>否则的话，每当我们增加新的字段，那些依赖于这个结构的程序就会出问题。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ڰ������ֶζ����������Ϳ��Ա����������鷢����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>现在把所有字段都包括进来就可以避免这种事情发生。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>getrusage()</span>�Ĳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>who</span>��ʹ�õķ��ų�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面是<span lang=EN-US>getrusage()</span>的参数<span
+lang=EN-US>who</span>所使用的符号常数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>RUSAGE_SELF</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ص�ǰ���̵���Դ������Ϣ��</p>
+0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回当前进程的资源利用信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>RUSAGE_CHILDREN</span></u> -1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ص�ǰ��������ֹ�͵ȴ��ŵ��ӽ��̵���Դ������Ϣ��</p>
+// </span>返回当前进程已终止和等待着的子进程的资源利用信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // rusage</span>�ǽ��̵���Դ����ͳ�ƽṹ������<span
-lang=EN-US>getrusage()</span>����ָ�����̶���Դ���õ�ͳ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // rusage</span>是进程的资源利用统计结构，用于<span
+lang=EN-US>getrusage()</span>返回指定进程对资源利用的统计值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Linux 0.12</span>�ں˽�ʹ����ǰ�����ֶΣ����Ƕ���<span
-lang=EN-US>timeval</span>�ṹ��<span lang=EN-US>include/sys/time.h</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Linux 0.12</span>内核仅使用了前两个字段，它们都是<span
+lang=EN-US>timeval</span>结构（<span lang=EN-US>include/sys/time.h</span>）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ru_utime �C </span>�������û�̬����ʱ��ͳ��ֵ��<span
-lang=EN-US>ru_stime �C </span>�������ں�̬����ʱ��ͳ��ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // ru_utime – </span>进程在用户态运行时间统计值；<span
+lang=EN-US>ru_stime – </span>进程在内核态运行时间统计值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 struct&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>rusage</span></u> {</span></p>
@@ -92583,8 +92583,8 @@ ru_nivcsw;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>getrlimit()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>setrlimit()</span>ʹ�õķ��ų����ͽṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面是<span lang=EN-US>getrlimit()</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>setrlimit()</span>使用的符号常数和结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u> <b><i>/*</i></b></span></p>
 
@@ -92595,61 +92595,61 @@ Resource limits</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Դ���ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>资源限制。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>Linux
-0.12</span>�ں������������Դ���࣬��<span lang=EN-US>getrlimit()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>setrlimit()</span>�е�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下是<span lang=EN-US>Linux
+0.12</span>内核中所定义的资源种类，是<span lang=EN-US>getrlimit()</span>和<span lang=EN-US>setrlimit()</span>中第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个参数</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // resource </span>��ȡֵ��Χ�� ��ʵ��Щ���ų������ǽ�������ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US> rlim[] </span>�����������ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // resource </span>的取值范围。 其实这些符号常数就是进程任务结构中<span
+lang=EN-US> rlim[] </span>数组的项索引值。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // rlim[]</span>�����ÿһ���һ��<span
-lang=EN-US>rlimit</span>�ṹ���ýṹ�������<span lang=EN-US>58</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // rlim[]</span>数组的每一项都是一个<span
+lang=EN-US>rlimit</span>结构，该结构见下面第<span lang=EN-US>58</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>RLIMIT_CPU</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* CPU time in ms
-*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>ʹ�õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>ʱ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>使用的<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>时间<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>RLIMIT_FSIZE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Maximum
-filesize */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����ļ�����<span
+filesize */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>最大文件长度<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>RLIMIT_DATA</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* max data size
-*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>������ݳ���<span
+*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>最大数据长度<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>RLIMIT_STACK</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* max stack size
-*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���ջ����<span
+*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>最大栈长度<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>RLIMIT_CORE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* max core file
-size */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>���<span lang=EN-US>core</span>�ļ�����<span
+size */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>最大<span lang=EN-US>core</span>文件长度<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>RLIMIT_RSS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* max resident
-set size */</i></b> /* </span>���פ������С<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+set size */</i></b> /* </span>最大驻留集大小<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������˷���<span
-lang=EN-US>notdef</span>����Ҳ�������·��ų������塣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果定义了符号<span
+lang=EN-US>notdef</span>，则也包括以下符号常数定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
 #ifdef notdef</span></p>
@@ -92657,33 +92657,33 @@ lang=EN-US>notdef</span>����Ҳ�������·��ų���
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>RLIMIT_MEMLOCK</span></u>&nbsp;
 6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* max
-locked-in-memory address space*/</i></b> /* </span>������<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+locked-in-memory address space*/</i></b> /* </span>锁定区<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>RLIMIT_NPROC</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* max number of
-processes */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����ӽ�����<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+processes */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>最大子进程数<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>RLIMIT_OFILE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b><i>/* max number of
-open files */</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>�����ļ���<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+open files */</i></b>&nbsp; /* </span>最大打开文件数<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 #endif</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ų���������<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>�����Ƶ���Դ���ࡣ<span lang=EN-US>RLIM_NLIMITS=6</span>����˽�ǰ��<span
-lang=EN-US>6</span>����Ч��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>这个符号常数定义了<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>中限制的资源种类。<span lang=EN-US>RLIM_NLIMITS=6</span>，因此仅前面<span
+lang=EN-US>6</span>项有效。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>RLIM_NLIMITS</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ��Դ���ޣ������޸ġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>表示资源无限，或不能修改。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>RLIM_INFINITY</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -92691,18 +92691,18 @@ lang=EN-US>6</span>����Ч��</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Դ���޽ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>资源界限结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>rlimit</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; rlim_cur;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ǰ��Դ���ƣ���������ƣ�<span lang=EN-US>soft limit</span>����</p>
+// </span>当前资源限制，或称软限制（<span lang=EN-US>soft limit</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; rlim_max;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ӳ���ƣ�<span lang=EN-US>hard limit</span>����</p>
+// </span>硬限制（<span lang=EN-US>hard limit</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u> };</span></p>
 
@@ -92729,7 +92729,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448063"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447467"></a><a name="_Toc53320685"><span lang=EN-US>14.31 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-31 linux/include/sys/stat.h</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-31 linux/include/sys/stat.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -92755,47 +92755,47 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>stat</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>dev_t</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp; st_dev;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�����ļ����豸�š�</p>
+</span>含有文件的设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>ino_t</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp; st_ino;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�ļ�<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�š�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>文件<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>umode_t</span></u> st_mode;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�ļ����ͺ����ԣ������棩��</p>
+</span>文件类型和属性（见下面）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>nlink_t</span></u> st_nlink;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>ָ���ļ�����������</p>
+</span>指定文件的连接数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>uid_t</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp; st_uid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�ļ����û�<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��ʶ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>�š�</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>文件的用户<span lang=EN-US>(</span>标识<span lang=EN-US>)</span>号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>gid_t</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-st_gid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�����š�</p>
+st_gid;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件的组号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>dev_t</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp; st_rdev;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�豸��<span lang=EN-US>(</span>����ļ���������ַ��ļ�����ļ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+</span>设备号<span lang=EN-US>(</span>如果文件是特殊的字符文件或块文件<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>off_t</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-st_size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ���С���ֽ�����������ļ��ǳ����ļ�����</p>
+st_size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件大小（字节数）（如果文件是常规文件）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u>&nbsp; st_atime;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�ϴΣ���󣩷���ʱ�䡣</p>
+</span>上次（最后）访问时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u>&nbsp; st_mtime;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>����޸�ʱ�䡣</p>
+</span>最后修改时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u>&nbsp; st_ctime;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>���ڵ��޸�ʱ�䡣</p>
+</span>最后节点修改时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u> };</span></p>
 
@@ -92803,190 +92803,190 @@ st_size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ���С���ֽ�
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>st_mode</span>�ֶ����õ�ֵ����ķ������ơ���Щֵ���ð˽��Ʊ�ʾ���μ���<span
-lang=EN-US>12</span>���ļ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面是为<span lang=EN-US>st_mode</span>字段所用的值定义的符号名称。这些值均用八进制表示。参见第<span
+lang=EN-US>12</span>章文件</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ��ͼ<span lang=EN-US>12-5</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ������ֶ����ݣ��� Ϊ���ڼ��䣬��Щ�������ƾ�ΪһЩӢ�ĵ��ʵ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统中图<span lang=EN-US>12-5</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>节点属性字段内容）。 为便于记忆，这些符号名称均为一些英文单词的首</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ĸ����д��϶��ɡ� ��������<span
-lang=EN-US> S_IFMT </span>��ÿ����ĸ�ֱ��������<span lang=EN-US> State</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>Inode</span>��<span lang=EN-US>File</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字母或缩写组合而成。 例如名称<span
+lang=EN-US> S_IFMT </span>的每个字母分别代表单词<span lang=EN-US> State</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>Inode</span>、<span lang=EN-US>File</span>、</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Mask</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Type</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US> S_IFREG </span>����<span lang=EN-US>State</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Inode</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>File</span>��<span lang=EN-US>REGular</span>������д��ĸ����ϣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // Mask</span>和<span lang=EN-US>Type</span>；而名称<span
+lang=EN-US> S_IFREG </span>则是<span lang=EN-US>State</span>、<span lang=EN-US>Inode</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>File</span>和<span lang=EN-US>REGular</span>几个大写字母的组合；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>S_IRWXU</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>State</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Inode</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Read</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>Write</span>��<span lang=EN-US>eXecute</span>��<span lang=EN-US>User</span>����ϡ��������ƿ��Դ����ơ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>名称<span lang=EN-US>S_IRWXU</span>是<span
+lang=EN-US>State</span>、<span lang=EN-US>Inode</span>、<span lang=EN-US>Read</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>Write</span>、<span lang=EN-US>eXecute</span>和<span lang=EN-US>User</span>的组合。其它名称可以此类推。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ����ͣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件类型：</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IFMT</span></u>&nbsp; 00170000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�ļ����ͱ���λ�����루<span lang=EN-US>8</span>���Ʊ�ʾ����</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>文件类型比特位屏蔽码（<span lang=EN-US>8</span>进制表示）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;<u>21</u></span><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IFLNK</span></u>&nbsp;
-0120000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�������ӡ�</p>
+0120000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>符号链接。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IFREG</span></u>&nbsp; 0100000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����ļ���</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>常规文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IFBLK</span></u>&nbsp; 0060000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�����⣨�豸���ļ��������<span lang=EN-US>dev/fd0</span>��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>块特殊（设备）文件，如磁盘<span lang=EN-US>dev/fd0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IFDIR</span></u>&nbsp; 0040000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>Ŀ¼��</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>目录。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IFCHR</span></u>&nbsp; 0020000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>�ַ��豸�ļ���</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>字符设备文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IFIFO</span></u>&nbsp; 0010000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;// FIFO</span>�����ļ���</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;// FIFO</span>特殊文件。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�����λ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件属性位：</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // S_ISUID</span>���ڲ����ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>set-user-ID</span>��־�Ƿ���λ�����ñ�־��λ����ִ�и��ļ�ʱ�����̵�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // S_ISUID</span>用于测试文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>set-user-ID</span>标志是否置位。若该标志置位，则当执行该文件时，进程的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ч�û�<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>��������Ϊ���ļ��������û�<span
-lang=EN-US>ID</span>��<span lang=EN-US>S_ISGID</span>���������<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>������ͬ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>有效用户<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>将被设置为该文件宿主的用户<span
+lang=EN-US>ID</span>。<span lang=EN-US>S_ISGID</span>则是针对组<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>进行相同处理。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_ISUID</span></u>&nbsp; 0004000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ִ��ʱ�����û�<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>��<span lang=EN-US>set-user-ID</span>����</p>
+// </span>执行时设置用户<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>（<span lang=EN-US>set-user-ID</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_ISGID</span></u>&nbsp; 0002000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ִ��ʱ������<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>��<span lang=EN-US>set-group-ID</span>����</p>
+// </span>执行时设置组<span lang=EN-US>ID</span>（<span lang=EN-US>set-group-ID</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_ISVTX</span></u>&nbsp; 0001000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����Ŀ¼������ɾ����־��</p>
+// </span>对于目录，受限删除标志。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;<u>31</u></span><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_ISLNK</span></u>(m)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (((m) &amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IFMT</span></u>) == <u><span
-style='color:blue'>S_IFLNK</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ƿ���������ļ���</p>
+style='color:blue'>S_IFLNK</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>测试是否符号链接文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_ISREG</span></u>(m)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (((m) &amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IFMT</span></u>) == <u><span
-style='color:blue'>S_IFREG</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ƿ񳣹��ļ���</p>
+style='color:blue'>S_IFREG</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>测试是否常规文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_ISDIR</span></u>(m)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (((m) &amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IFMT</span></u>) == <u><span
-style='color:blue'>S_IFDIR</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƿ�Ŀ¼�ļ���</p>
+style='color:blue'>S_IFDIR</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是否目录文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_ISCHR</span></u>(m)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (((m) &amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IFMT</span></u>) == <u><span
-style='color:blue'>S_IFCHR</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƿ��ַ��豸�ļ���</p>
+style='color:blue'>S_IFCHR</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是否字符设备文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_ISBLK</span></u>(m)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (((m) &amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IFMT</span></u>) == <u><span
-style='color:blue'>S_IFBLK</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƿ���豸�ļ���</p>
+style='color:blue'>S_IFBLK</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是否块设备文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_ISFIFO</span></u>(m)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 (((m) &amp; <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IFMT</span></u>) == <u><span
-style='color:blue'>S_IFIFO</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƿ�<span
-lang=EN-US>FIFO</span>�����ļ���</p>
+style='color:blue'>S_IFIFO</span></u>)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是否<span
+lang=EN-US>FIFO</span>特殊文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�����Ȩ�ޣ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件访问权限：</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IRWXU</span></u> 00700&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������Զ���д��ִ��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>���������������ĸ����<span lang=EN-US>User</span>����</p>
+// </span>宿主可以读、写、执行<span lang=EN-US>/</span>搜索（名称最后字母代表<span lang=EN-US>User</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IRUSR</span></u> 00400&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���������ɡ�</p>
+// </span>宿主读许可。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IWUSR</span></u> 00200&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����д���ɡ�</p>
+// </span>宿主写许可。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IXUSR</span></u> 00100&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ִ��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>�������ɡ�</p>
+// </span>宿主执行<span lang=EN-US>/</span>搜索许可。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IRWXG</span></u> 00070&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Ա���Զ���д��ִ��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>���������������ĸ����<span lang=EN-US>Group</span>����</p>
+// </span>组成员可以读、写、执行<span lang=EN-US>/</span>搜索（名称最后字母代表<span lang=EN-US>Group</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IRGRP</span></u> 00040&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Ա�����ɡ�</p>
+// </span>组成员读许可。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IWGRP</span></u> 00020&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Աд���ɡ�</p>
+// </span>组成员写许可。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IXGRP</span></u> 00010&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���Աִ��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>�������ɡ�</p>
+// </span>组成员执行<span lang=EN-US>/</span>搜索许可。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IRWXO</span></u> 00007&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����˶���д��ִ��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>�������ɣ����������ĸ<span lang=EN-US>O</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>Other</span>����</p>
+// </span>其他人读、写、执行<span lang=EN-US>/</span>搜索许可（名称最后字母<span lang=EN-US>O</span>代表<span
+lang=EN-US>Other</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IROTH</span></u> 00004&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����˶����ɣ����<span lang=EN-US>3</span>����ĸ����<span lang=EN-US>Other</span>����</p>
+// </span>其他人读许可（最后<span lang=EN-US>3</span>个字母代表<span lang=EN-US>Other</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IWOTH</span></u> 00002&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;// </span>������д���ɡ�</p>
+&nbsp;// </span>其他人写许可。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>S_IXOTH</span></u> 00001&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ִ��<span lang=EN-US>/</span>�������ɡ�</p>
+// </span>其他人执行<span lang=EN-US>/</span>搜索许可。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>chmod</span></u>(const char *_path, <u><span
-style='color:blue'>mode_t</span></u> mode);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�޸��ļ����ԡ�</p>
+style='color:blue'>mode_t</span></u> mode);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>修改文件属性。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>fstat</span></u>(int fildes, struct <u><span
-style='color:blue'>stat</span></u> *stat_buf);&nbsp; // </span>ȡָ���ļ�������ļ�״̬��Ϣ��</p>
+style='color:blue'>stat</span></u> *stat_buf);&nbsp; // </span>取指定文件句柄的文件状态信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>mkdir</span></u>(const char *_path, <u><span
-style='color:blue'>mode_t</span></u> mode);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ŀ¼��</p>
+style='color:blue'>mode_t</span></u> mode);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>创建目录。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>mkfifo</span></u>(const char *_path, <u><span
-style='color:blue'>mode_t</span></u> mode);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ܵ��ļ���</p>
+style='color:blue'>mode_t</span></u> mode);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>创建管道文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>
 extern int <u><span style='color:blue'>stat</span></u>(const char *filename,
-struct <u><span style='color:blue'>stat</span></u> *stat_buf); // </span>ȡָ���ļ������ļ�״̬��Ϣ��</p>
+struct <u><span style='color:blue'>stat</span></u> *stat_buf); // </span>取指定文件名的文件状态信息。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u>
 extern <u><span style='color:blue'>mode_t</span></u> <u><span style='color:
 blue'>umask</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>mode_t</span></u> mask);&nbsp;
-// </span>�������������롣</p>
+// </span>设置属性屏蔽码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -93011,7 +93011,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448064"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447468"><span lang=EN-US>14.32 </span><span style='font-family:
-����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-32 linux/include/sys/time.h</span></a></h2>
+黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-32 linux/include/sys/time.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -93029,38 +93029,38 @@ name="_Toc493447468"><span lang=EN-US>14.32 </span><span style='font-family:
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u> <b><i>/*
 gettimofday returns this */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// gettimeofday()</span>�������ظ�ʱ��ṹ��</p>
+// gettimeofday()</span>函数返回该时间结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>timeval</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 long&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; tv_sec;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/*
-seconds */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�롣</p>
+seconds */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>秒。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;long&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 tv_usec;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* microseconds */</i></b>&nbsp;
-// </span>΢�롣</p>
+// </span>微秒。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> };</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ʱ�����ṹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>tz</span>Ϊʱ����<span lang=EN-US>Time Zone</span>������д��<span lang=EN-US>DST</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>Daylight Saving Time</span>��������ʱ����д��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>时间区结构。<span
+lang=EN-US>tz</span>为时区（<span lang=EN-US>Time Zone</span>）的缩写，<span lang=EN-US>DST</span>（<span
+lang=EN-US>Daylight Saving Time</span>）是夏令时的缩写。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>timezone</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; tz_minuteswest; <b><i>/* minutes west of Greenwich
-*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������������ʱ�䡣</p>
+*/</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>格林威治西部分钟时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; tz_dsttime;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* type
-of dst correction */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ʱ������ʱ�䡣</p>
+of dst correction */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>夏令时区调整时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u> };</span></p>
 
@@ -93069,17 +93069,17 @@ of dst correction */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DST_NONE</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* not on dst */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʱ��</p>
+// </span>非夏令时。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DST_USA</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* USA style dst */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// USA</span>��ʽ������ʱ��</p>
+// USA</span>形式的夏令时。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>17</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DST_AUST</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Australian style dst */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������ʽ������ʱ��</p>
+// </span>澳洲形式的夏令时。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DST_WET</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -93116,8 +93116,8 @@ of dst correction */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ��������������ú꣬����<span
-lang=EN-US>select()</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件描述符集的设置宏，用于<span
+lang=EN-US>select()</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>FD_SET</span></u>(fd,fdsetp)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -93149,7 +93149,7 @@ NB: timercmp does not work for &gt;= or &lt;=.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // timeval</span>ʱ��ṹ�Ĳ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // timeval</span>时间结构的操作函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>timerisset</span></u>(tvp)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -93181,27 +93181,27 @@ defining a timer setting.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>�ڲ���ʱ�����ƺͽṹ�����ڶ��嶨ʱ�����á�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>内部定时器名称和结构，用于定义定时器设置。<span
 lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ITIMER_REAL</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʵ��ʱ��ݼ���</p>
+// </span>以实际时间递减。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ITIMER_VIRTUAL</span></u>&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Խ�������ʱ��ݼ���</p>
+// </span>以进程虚拟时间递减。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>ITIMER_PROF</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�Խ�������ʱ����ߵ�ϵͳ����ʱ�Խ���ʱ��ݼ���</p>
+// </span>以进程虚拟时间或者当系统运行时以进程时间递减。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڲ�ʱ��ṹ������<span
-lang=EN-US>it</span>��<span lang=EN-US>Internal Timer</span>�����ڲ���ʱ������д��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内部时间结构。其中<span
+lang=EN-US>it</span>（<span lang=EN-US>Internal Timer</span>）是内部定时器的缩写。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 struct&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>itimerval</span></u> {</span></p>
@@ -93263,7 +93263,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448065"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447469"></a><a name="_Toc53320686"><span lang=EN-US>14.33 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-33
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-33
 linux/include/sys/times.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -93281,7 +93281,7 @@ linux/include/sys/times.h</span></a></h2>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>3</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷ�ļ��������˻�����ϵͳ�������͡�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>类型头文件。定义了基本的系统数据类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -93289,20 +93289,20 @@ linux/include/sys/times.h</span></a></h2>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>tms</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u> tms_utime;&nbsp; // </span>�û�ʹ�õ�<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>ʱ�䡣</p>
+<u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u> tms_utime;&nbsp; // </span>用户使用的<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u> tms_stime;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ���ںˣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>ʱ�䡣</p>
+<u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u> tms_stime;&nbsp; // </span>系统（内核）<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u> tms_cutime; // </span>����ֹ���ӽ���ʹ�õ��û�<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>ʱ�䡣</p>
+<u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u> tms_cutime; // </span>已终止的子进程使用的用户<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u> tms_cstime; // </span>����ֹ���ӽ���ʹ�õ�ϵͳ<span
-lang=EN-US>CPU</span>ʱ�䡣</p>
+<u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u> tms_cstime; // </span>已终止的子进程使用的系统<span
+lang=EN-US>CPU</span>时间。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u> };</span></p>
 
@@ -93337,7 +93337,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448066"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447470"></a><a name="_Toc53320687"><span lang=EN-US>14.34 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-34
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-34
 linux/include/sys/types.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -93362,7 +93362,7 @@ linux/include/sys/types.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u>
 typedef unsigned int <u><span style='color:blue'>size_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ڶ���Ĵ�С�����ȣ���</p>
+// </span>用于对象的大小（长度）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 #endif</span></p>
@@ -93377,7 +93377,7 @@ typedef unsigned int <u><span style='color:blue'>size_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
 typedef long <u><span style='color:blue'>time_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ʱ�䣨����ƣ���</p>
+// </span>用于时间（以秒计）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>
 #endif</span></p>
@@ -93411,27 +93411,27 @@ typedef long <u><span style='color:blue'>ptrdiff_t</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>
 typedef int <u><span style='color:blue'>pid_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ڽ��̺źͽ�����š�</p>
+// </span>用于进程号和进程组号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>24</span></u>
 typedef unsigned short <u><span style='color:blue'>uid_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����û��ţ��û���ʶ�ţ���</p>
+// </span>用于用户号（用户标识号）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 typedef unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>gid_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>������š�</p>
+// </span>用于组号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 typedef unsigned short <u><span style='color:blue'>dev_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����豸�š�</p>
+// </span>用于设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 typedef unsigned short <u><span style='color:blue'>ino_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ļ����кš�</p>
+// </span>用于文件序列号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
 typedef unsigned short <u><span style='color:blue'>mode_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����ĳЩ�ļ����ԡ�</p>
+// </span>用于某些文件属性。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 typedef unsigned short <u><span style='color:blue'>umode_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -93439,22 +93439,22 @@ typedef unsigned short <u><span style='color:blue'>umode_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbs
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 typedef unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>nlink_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�������Ӽ�����</p>
+// </span>用于连接计数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 typedef int <u><span style='color:blue'>daddr_t</span></u>;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 typedef long <u><span style='color:blue'>off_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ļ����ȣ���С����</p>
+// </span>用于文件长度（大小）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u>
 typedef unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>u_char</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�޷����ַ����͡�</p>
+// </span>无符号字符类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 typedef unsigned short <u><span style='color:blue'>ushort</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�޷��Ŷ��������͡�</p>
+// </span>无符号短整数类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -93471,22 +93471,22 @@ typedef unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>tcflag_t</span></u>;</span></p
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 typedef unsigned long <u><span style='color:blue'>fd_set</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ�����������ÿ���ش���<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����������</p>
+// </span>文件描述符集。每比特代表<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 typedef struct { int quot,rem; } <u><span style='color:blue'>div_t</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>DIV</span>������</p>
+// </span>用于<span lang=EN-US>DIV</span>操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 typedef struct { long quot,rem; } <u><span style='color:blue'>ldiv_t</span></u>;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ڳ�<span lang=EN-US>DIV</span>������</p>
+// </span>用于长<span lang=EN-US>DIV</span>操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ�ϵͳ�����ṹ������<span
-lang=EN-US>ustat()</span>��������������ֶ�δʹ�ã����Ƿ���<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件系统参数结构，用于<span
+lang=EN-US>ustat()</span>函数。最后两个字段未使用，总是返回<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>45</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>ustat</span></u> {</span></p>
@@ -93494,19 +93494,19 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>ustat</span></u> {</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>daddr_t</span></u>
 f_tfree;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ϵͳ�ܿ��п�����</p>
+// </span>系统总空闲块数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>ino_t</span></u> f_tinode;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ܿ���<span lang=EN-US>i</span>�ڵ�����</p>
+// </span>总空闲<span lang=EN-US>i</span>节点数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 char f_fname[6];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ�ϵͳ���ơ�</p>
+// </span>文件系统名称。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 char f_fpack[6];&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ�ϵͳѹ�����ơ�</p>
+// </span>文件系统压缩名称。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u> };</span></p>
 
@@ -93535,7 +93535,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448067"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447471"></a><a name="_Toc53320688"><span lang=EN-US>14.35 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-35
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-35
 linux/include/sys/utsname.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -93553,10 +93553,10 @@ linux/include/sys/utsname.h</span></a></h2>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>3</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>4</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ͷ�ļ��������˻�����ϵͳ�������͡�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>类型头文件。定义了基本的系统数据类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/param.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ں˲����ļ���</p>
+#include &lt;sys/param.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内核参数文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>5</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -93564,20 +93564,20 @@ linux/include/sys/utsname.h</span></a></h2>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>utsname</span></u> {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-char sysname[9];&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ǰ����ϵͳ�����ơ�</p>
+char sysname[9];&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>当前运行系统的名称。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 char nodename[<u><span style='color:blue'>MAXHOSTNAMELEN</span></u>+1];&nbsp;
-// </span>��ʵ����ص������нڵ����ƣ��������ƣ���</p>
+// </span>与实现相关的网络中节点名称（主机名称）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-char <u><span style='color:blue'>release</span></u>[9];&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ϵͳʵ�ֵĵ�ǰ���м���</p>
+char <u><span style='color:blue'>release</span></u>[9];&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>本操作系统实现的当前发行级别。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-char version[9];&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���η��еĲ���ϵͳ�汾����</p>
+char version[9];&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>本次发行的操作系统版本级别。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-char machine[9];&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ���е�Ӳ���������ơ�</p>
+char machine[9];&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统运行的硬件类型名称。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u> };</span></p>
 
@@ -93610,7 +93610,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448068"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447472"></a><a name="_Toc53320689"><span lang=EN-US>14.36 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-36 linux/include/sys/wait.h</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>14-36 linux/include/sys/wait.h</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -93633,102 +93633,102 @@ style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>14-36 linux
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_LOW</span></u>(v)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-( (v) &amp; 0377)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ���ֽڣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>8</span>���Ʊ�ʾ����</p>
+( (v) &amp; 0377)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取低字节（<span
+lang=EN-US>8</span>进制表示）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>_HIGH</span></u>(v)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-( ((v) &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0377)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ���ֽڡ�</p>
+( ((v) &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0377)&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取高字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> <b><i>/*
 options for waitpid, WUNTRACED not supported */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* waitpid</span>��ѡ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>WUNTRACED</span>δ��֧��<span lang=EN-US> */ </span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* waitpid</span>的选项，其中<span
+lang=EN-US>WUNTRACED</span>未被支持<span lang=EN-US> */ </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // [ </span>ע����ʵ<span
-lang=EN-US>0.12</span>�ں��Ѿ�֧��<span lang=EN-US>WUNTRACED</span>ѡ���������ע��Ӧ������ǰ�ں˰汾���������ġ�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // [ </span>注：其实<span
+lang=EN-US>0.12</span>内核已经支持<span lang=EN-US>WUNTRACED</span>选项。上面这条注释应该是以前内核版本遗留下来的。<span
 lang=EN-US> ]</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���³��������Ǻ���<span
-lang=EN-US>waitpid(pid_t pid, long *stat_addr, int options)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>options</span>ʹ�õ�ѡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下常数符号是函数<span
+lang=EN-US>waitpid(pid_t pid, long *stat_addr, int options)</span>中<span
+lang=EN-US>options</span>使用的选项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WNOHANG</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���û��״̬Ҳ��Ҫ���𣬲����̷��ء�</p>
+1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果没有状态也不要挂起，并立刻返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WUNTRACED</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ִֹͣ�е��ӽ���״̬��</p>
+2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>报告停止执行的子进程状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���º궨�������ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>�������ص�״̬�֣���<span lang=EN-US>20</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>21</span>�еĲ���<span lang=EN-US>*stat_loc</span>���ĺ��塣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以下宏定义用于判断<span
+lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>函数返回的状态字（第<span lang=EN-US>20</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>21</span>行的参数<span lang=EN-US>*stat_loc</span>）的含义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WIFEXITED</span></u>(s)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-(!((s)&amp;0xFF)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ӽ��������˳�����Ϊ�档</p>
+(!((s)&amp;0xFF)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果子进程正常退出，则为真。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>14</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WIFSTOPPED</span></u>(s)&nbsp;&nbsp;
-(((s)&amp;0xFF)==0x7F) // </span>����ӽ�����ֹͣ�ţ���Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>true</span>��</p>
+(((s)&amp;0xFF)==0x7F) // </span>如果子进程正停止着，则为<span lang=EN-US>true</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WEXITSTATUS</span></u>(s)&nbsp;
-(((s)&gt;&gt;8)&amp;0xFF)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����˳�״̬��</p>
+(((s)&gt;&gt;8)&amp;0xFF)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回退出状态。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WTERMSIG</span></u>(s)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-((s)&amp;0x7F)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ص��½�����ֹ���ź�ֵ���ź�������</p>
+((s)&amp;0x7F)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回导致进程终止的信号值（信号量）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>&nbsp;<u>17</u></span><span
 lang=EN-US> #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WCOREDUMP</span></u>(s)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-((s)&amp;0x80)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�жϽ����Ƿ�ִ�����ڴ�ӳ��ת����<span
-lang=EN-US>dumpcore</span>����</p>
+((s)&amp;0x80)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断进程是否执行了内存映像转储（<span
+lang=EN-US>dumpcore</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>18</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WSTOPSIG</span></u>(s)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-(((s)&gt;&gt;8)&amp;0xFF)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ص��½���ֹͣ���ź�ֵ��</p>
+(((s)&gt;&gt;8)&amp;0xFF)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回导致进程停止的信号值。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>19</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>WIFSIGNALED</span></u>(s)&nbsp; (((unsigned
-int)(s)-1 &amp; 0xFFFF) &lt; 0xFF) // </span>�������δ��׽�źŶ�</p>
+int)(s)-1 &amp; 0xFFFF) &lt; 0xFF) // </span>如果由于未捕捉信号而</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ӽ����˳���Ϊ�档</p>
+// </span>导致子进程退出则为真。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // wait()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>waitpit()</span>�����������̻�ȡ�����ӽ���֮һ��״̬��Ϣ������ѡ��������ȡ�Ѿ���ֹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // wait()</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>waitpit()</span>函数允许进程获取与其子进程之一的状态信息。各种选项允许获取已经终止或</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֹͣ���ӽ���״̬��Ϣ������������������������ӽ��̵�״̬��Ϣ���򱨸��˳���ǲ�ָ���ġ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>停止的子进程状态信息。如果存在两个或两个以上子进程的状态信息，则报告的顺序是不指定的。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // wait()</span>������ǰ���̣�ֱ�����ӽ���֮һ�˳�����ֹ���������յ�Ҫ����ֹ�ý��̵��źţ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // wait()</span>将挂起当前进程，直到其子进程之一退出（终止），或者收到要求终止该进程的信号，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ҫ����һ���źž�����źŴ������򣩡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>或者是需要调用一个信号句柄（信号处理程序）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // waitpid()</span>����ǰ���̣�ֱ��<span
-lang=EN-US>pid</span>ָ�����ӽ����˳�����ֹ�������յ�Ҫ����ֹ�ý��̵��źţ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // waitpid()</span>挂起当前进程，直到<span
+lang=EN-US>pid</span>指定的子进程退出（终止）或者收到要求终止该进程的信号，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ҫ����һ���źž�����źŴ������򣩡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>或者是需要调用一个信号句柄（信号处理程序）。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>pid=
--1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>options=0</span>����<span lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>wait()</span>����һ������������Ϊ����<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>��<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>pid=
+-1</span>，<span lang=EN-US>options=0</span>，则<span lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>的作用与<span
+lang=EN-US>wait()</span>函数一样。否则其行为将随<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>和<span
 lang=EN-US>options</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����Ĳ�ͬ����ͬ�����μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>kernel/exit.c,142</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数的不同而不同。（参见<span
+lang=EN-US>kernel/exit.c,142</span>）</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>�ǽ��̺ţ�<span
-lang=EN-US>*stat_loc</span>�Ǳ���״̬��Ϣλ�õ�ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>options</span>�ǵȴ�ѡ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>10</span>��<span lang=EN-US>11</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数<span lang=EN-US>pid</span>是进程号；<span
+lang=EN-US>*stat_loc</span>是保存状态信息位置的指针；<span lang=EN-US>options</span>是等待选项，见第<span
+lang=EN-US>10</span>，<span lang=EN-US>11</span>行。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>pid_t</span></u> <u><span style='color:blue'>wait</span></u>(int
@@ -93759,12 +93759,12 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<h1><a name="_Toc493448069"></a><a name="_Toc493447473"><span lang=EN-US>��15�� </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ں˿⺯������</span></a></h1>
+<h1><a name="_Toc493448069"></a><a name="_Toc493447473"><span lang=EN-US>第15章 </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>内核库函数程序</span></a></h1>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448070"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447474"></a><a name="_Toc56863283"></a><a name="_Toc53320691"><span
-lang=EN-US>15.1 </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-1
+lang=EN-US>15.1 </span><span style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-1
 linux/lib/_exit.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -93790,33 +93790,33 @@ linux/lib/_exit.c</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__LIBRARY__</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����һ�����ų�����������˵����</p>
+// </span>定义一个符号常量，见下行说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>��׼ͷ�ļ��������˸��ַ��ų��������ͣ��������˸��ֺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>标准头文件。定义了各种符号常数和类型，并声明了各种函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>���򻹺�ϵͳ���úź���Ƕ���<span
-lang=EN-US>syscall0()</span>�ȡ�</p>
+// </span>若定义了<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>，则还含系统调用号和内嵌汇编<span
+lang=EN-US>syscall0()</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ں�ʹ�õĳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�˳�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��ֹ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>内核使用的程序<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>退出<span lang=EN-US>)</span>终止函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֱ�ӵ���ϵͳ�ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>�����ܺ�<span lang=EN-US>__NR_exit</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>直接调用系统中断<span
+lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>，功能号<span lang=EN-US>__NR_exit</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>exit_code
-- </span>�˳��롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>exit_code
+- </span>退出码。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ǰ�Ĺؼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>volatile</span>���ڸ��߱�����<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>�ú������᷵�ء���������<span
-lang=EN-US>gcc</span>��������һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数名前的关键字<span
+lang=EN-US>volatile</span>用于告诉编译器<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>该函数不会返回。这样可让<span
+lang=EN-US>gcc</span>产生更好一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Щ�Ĵ��룬����Ҫ����ʹ������ؼ��ֿ��Ա������ĳЩ��δ��ʼ�������ģ��پ�����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>些的代码，更重要的是使用这个关键字可以避免产生某些（未初始化变量的）假警告信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ͬ��<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>�ĺ�������˵����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等同于<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>的函数属性说明：<span
 lang=EN-US>void do_exit(int error_code) __attribute__ ((noreturn));</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
@@ -93824,9 +93824,9 @@ volatile void <u><span style='color:blue'>_exit</span></u>(int exit_code)</span>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(</span>ϵͳ���ú�<span
-lang=EN-US>__NR_exit)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - ebx(</span>�˳���<span
-lang=EN-US>exit_code)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(</span>系统调用号<span
+lang=EN-US>__NR_exit)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - ebx(</span>退出码<span
+lang=EN-US>exit_code)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 __asm__(<i>&quot;int $0x80&quot;</i>::<i>&quot;a&quot;</i> (<u><span
@@ -93852,7 +93852,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448071"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447475"></a><a name="_Toc56863284"></a><a name="_Toc53320692"><span
-lang=EN-US>15.2 </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-2
+lang=EN-US>15.2 </span><span style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-2
 linux/lib/close.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -93879,21 +93879,21 @@ linux/lib/close.c</i></b></span></p>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__LIBRARY__</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>��׼ͷ�ļ��������˸��ַ��ų��������ͣ��������˸��ֺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>标准头文件。定义了各种符号常数和类型，并声明了各种函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�綨����<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>���򻹺�ϵͳ���úź���Ƕ���<span
-lang=EN-US>syscall0()</span>�ȡ�</p>
+// </span>如定义了<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>，则还含系统调用号和内嵌汇编<span
+lang=EN-US>syscall0()</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ر��ļ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>关闭文件函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����õ��ú꺯����Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>int close(int fd)</span>��ֱ�ӵ�����ϵͳ�ж�<span lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>__NR_close</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面该调用宏函数对应：<span
+lang=EN-US>int close(int fd)</span>。直接调用了系统中断<span lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>，参数是<span
+lang=EN-US>__NR_close</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>���ļ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其中<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>是文件描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_syscall1</span></u>(int,<u><span style='color:blue'>close</span></u>,int,fd)</span></p>
@@ -93918,7 +93918,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448072"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447476"></a><a name="_Toc56863285"></a><a name="_Toc53320693"><span
-lang=EN-US>15.3 </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-3
+lang=EN-US>15.3 </span><span style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-3
 linux/lib/ctype.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -93942,21 +93942,21 @@ linux/lib/ctype.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;ctype.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ�����ͷ�ļ���������һЩ�й��ַ������жϺ�ת���ĺꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;ctype.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符类型头文件。定义了一些有关字符类型判断和转换的宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
 char <u><span style='color:blue'>_ctmp</span></u>; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>һ����ʱ�ַ���������<span lang=EN-US>ctype.h</span>�ļ���ת���ַ��꺯��ʹ�á�</p>
+</span>一个临时字符变量，供<span lang=EN-US>ctype.h</span>文件中转换字符宏函数使用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>�������˸����ַ���Ӧ�����ԣ���Щ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>_C</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>ctype.h</span>�ж��塣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符特性数组<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>表<span lang=EN-US>)</span>，定义了各个字符对应的属性，这些属性类型<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>如<span lang=EN-US>_C</span>等<span lang=EN-US>)</span>在<span
+lang=EN-US>ctype.h</span>中定义。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ж��ַ��ǿ����ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(_C)</span>����д�ַ�<span lang=EN-US>(_U)</span>��Сд�ַ�<span lang=EN-US>(_L)</span>���������͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用于判断字符是控制字符<span
+lang=EN-US>(_C)</span>、大写字符<span lang=EN-US>(_U)</span>、小写字符<span lang=EN-US>(_L)</span>等所属类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
 unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>_ctype</span></u>[] =
@@ -94139,7 +94139,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448073"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447477"></a><a name="_Toc56863286"></a><a name="_Toc53320694"><span
-lang=EN-US>15.4 </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-4
+lang=EN-US>15.4 </span><span style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-4
 linux/lib/dup.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -94166,21 +94166,21 @@ linux/lib/dup.c</i></b></span></p>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__LIBRARY__</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>��׼ͷ�ļ��������˸��ַ��ų��������ͣ��������˸��ֺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>标准头文件。定义了各种符号常数和类型，并声明了各种函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�綨����<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>���򻹺�ϵͳ���úź���Ƕ���<span
-lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>�ȡ�</p>
+// </span>如定义了<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>，则还含系统调用号和内嵌汇编<span
+lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ļ�������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>复制文件描述符函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����õ��ú꺯����Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>int dup(int fd)</span>��ֱ�ӵ�����ϵͳ�ж�<span lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>__NR_dup</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面该调用宏函数对应：<span
+lang=EN-US>int dup(int fd)</span>。直接调用了系统中断<span lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>，参数是<span
+lang=EN-US>__NR_dup</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>���ļ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其中<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>是文件描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_syscall1</span></u>(int,<u><span style='color:blue'>dup</span></u>,int,fd)</span></p>
@@ -94203,7 +94203,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448074"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447478"></a><a name="_Toc56863287"></a><a name="_Toc53320695"><span
-lang=EN-US>15.5 </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-5
+lang=EN-US>15.5 </span><span style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-5
 linux/lib/errno.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -94247,7 +94247,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448075"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447479"></a><a name="_Toc56863288"></a><a name="_Toc53320696"><span
-lang=EN-US>15.6 </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-6
+lang=EN-US>15.6 </span><span style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-6
 linux/lib/execve.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -94274,26 +94274,26 @@ linux/lib/execve.c</i></b></span></p>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__LIBRARY__</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>��׼ͷ�ļ��������˸��ַ��ų��������ͣ��������˸��ֺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>标准头文件。定义了各种符号常数和类型，并声明了各种函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�綨����<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>���򻹺�ϵͳ���úź���Ƕ���<span lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>�ȡ�</p>
+</span>如定义了<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>，则还含系统调用号和内嵌汇编<span lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ز�ִ���ӽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>)</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>加载并执行子进程<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>其他程序<span lang=EN-US>)</span>函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����õ��ú꺯����Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>int execve(const char * file, char ** argv, char ** envp)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面该调用宏函数对应：<span
+lang=EN-US>int execve(const char * file, char ** argv, char ** envp)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>file
-- </span>��ִ�г����ļ�����<span lang=EN-US>argv - </span>�����в���ָ�����飻<span lang=EN-US>envp
-- </span>��������ָ�����顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>file
+- </span>被执行程序文件名；<span lang=EN-US>argv - </span>命令行参数指针数组；<span lang=EN-US>envp
+- </span>环境变量指针数组。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֱ�ӵ�����ϵͳ�ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>__NR_execve</span>���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>include/unistd.h</span>��<span lang=EN-US>fs/exec.c</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>直接调用了系统中断<span
+lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>，参数是<span lang=EN-US>__NR_execve</span>。参见<span
+lang=EN-US>include/unistd.h</span>和<span lang=EN-US>fs/exec.c</span>程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_syscall3</span></u>(int,<u><span style='color:blue'>execve</span></u>,const
@@ -94320,7 +94320,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448076"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447480"></a><a name="_Toc56863289"></a><a name="_Toc53320697"><span
-lang=EN-US>15.7 </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-7
+lang=EN-US>15.7 </span><span style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-7
 linux/lib/malloc.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -94465,110 +94465,110 @@ so it isn't all that bad.</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; malloc.c
-- Linux</span>��ͨ���ں��ڴ���亯����</p>
+- Linux</span>的通用内核内存分配函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>Theodore Ts'o</span>����<span lang=EN-US> (tytso@mit.edu), 11/29/91</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>由<span
+lang=EN-US>Theodore Ts'o</span>编制<span lang=EN-US> (tytso@mit.edu), 11/29/91</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ú�������д�ɾ����ܵؿ죬�Ӷ����Դ��жϲ���ô˺�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该函数被编写成尽可能地快，从而可以从中断层调用此函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ƣ�ʹ�øú���һ�����ܷ��������ڴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>4k</span>��Ҳ��<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>���ڴ�ҳ��Ĵ�С��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>限制：使用该函数一次所能分配的最大内存是<span
+lang=EN-US>4k</span>，也即<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>中内存页面的大小。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��д�ú�������ѭ��һ�������ÿҳ<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����Ϊһ���洢Ͱ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��������Ҫ���ɶ���Ĵ�С��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>编写该函数所遵循的一般规则是每页<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>被称为一个存储桶<span lang=EN-US>)</span>仅分配所要容纳对象的大小。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��һҳ�ϵ����ж����ͷź󣬸�ҳ�Ϳ��Է���ͨ�ÿ����ڴ�ء���<span
-lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>当一页上的所有对象都释放后，该页就可以返回通用空闲内存池。当<span
+lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>被调用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ʱ������Ѱ������Ҫ�����С�Ĵ洢Ͱ�����Ӹô洢Ͱ�з���һ���ڴ档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>时，它会寻找满足要求的最小的存储桶，并从该存储桶中分配一块内存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ÿ���洢Ͱ����һ����Ϊ������õĴ洢Ͱ�����������м�¼��ҳ�����ж��ٶ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>每个存储桶都有一个作为其控制用的存储桶描述符，其中记录了页面上有多少对象正被</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ʹ���Լ���ҳ�Ͽ����ڴ���б�������洢Ͱ����һ�����洢Ͱ������Ҳ�Ǵ洢��ʹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>使用以及该页上空闲内存的列表。就象存储桶自身一样，存储桶描述符也是存储在使用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * get_free_page()</span>���뵽��ҳ���ϵģ�������洢Ͱ��ͬ���ǣ�Ͱ��������ռ�õ�ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * get_free_page()</span>申请到的页面上的，但是与存储桶不同的是，桶描述符所占用的页面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����ٻ��ͷŸ�ϵͳ�����˵���һ��ϵͳ��Լֻ��Ҫ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>ҳ��Ͱ������ҳ�棬��Ϊһ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>将不再会释放给系统。幸运的是一个系统大约只需要<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>到<span lang=EN-US>2</span>页的桶描述符页面，因为一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ҳ����Դ��<span
-lang=EN-US>256</span>��Ͱ������<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>�ڴ�Ĵ洢Ͱҳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>�����ϵͳΪͰ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>个页面可以存放<span
+lang=EN-US>256</span>个桶描述符<span lang=EN-US>(</span>对应<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>内存的存储桶页面<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。如果系统为桶描述符分</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���������ڴ棬��ô�϶�ϵͳʲô�ط���������<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>配了许多内存，那么肯定系统什么地方出了问题<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�⣡<span
-lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>free()</span>���߹ر����жϵĴ��벿�ֶ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意！<span
+lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>和<span lang=EN-US>free()</span>两者关闭了中断的代码部分都调用了<span
+lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>和</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; free_page()</span>��������ʹ<span lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>free()</span>���԰�ȫ�ر����жϳ����е���</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; free_page()</span>函数，以使<span lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>free()</span>可以安全地被从中断程序中调用</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (</span>��������룬������<span lang=EN-US>NFS</span>�ȱ����뵽<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>��ʱ�Ϳ�����Ҫ���ֹ���<span lang=EN-US>)</span>����ǰ</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (</span>当网络代码，尤其是<span lang=EN-US>NFS</span>等被加入到<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>中时就可能需要这种功能<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。但前</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>���Ǽ���<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>free_page()</span>�ǿ��԰�ȫ�����жϼ�������ʹ�õģ�</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>提是假设<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>free_page()</span>是可以安全地在中断级程序中使用的，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>����һ�������˷�ҳ����֮��Ϳ��ܲ��ǰ�ȫ�ġ�������������������ô����</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>这在一旦加入了分页处理之后就可能不是安全的。如果真是这种情况，那么我们</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>����Ҫ�޸�<span lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>����Ԥ�ȷ��䡱��ҳ���õ��ڴ棬���<span
-lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>free()</span></p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>就需要修改<span lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>来“预先分配”几页不用的内存，如果<span
+lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>和<span lang=EN-US>free()</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�����жϳ����е���ʱ�Ϳ��԰�ȫ��ʹ����Щҳ�档</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>被从中断程序中调用时就可以安全地使用这些页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>������Ҫ���ǵ�����<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>��Ӧ��˯�ߣ������˯�ߵĻ�����Ϊ�˷�ֹ</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>另外需要考虑到的是<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>不应该睡眠；如果会睡眠的话，则为了防止</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�κξ���������������Ҫ��ϸ�ذ���˳�� �ؼ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>�ǿ��������</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>任何竞争条件，代码需要仔细地安排顺序。 关键在于如果<span
+lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>是可以重入地</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�����õĻ�����ô�ͻ���ڲ���Ҫ��ҳ�汻��ϵͳ��ȡ�ߵĻ��ᡣ��������Ͱ����</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>被调用的话，那么就会存在不必要的页面被从系统中取走的机会。除了用于桶描述</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>����ҳ�棬��Щ�����ҳ�����ջ��ͷŸ�ϵͳ�����Բ�������������������á�</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>符的页面，这些额外的页面最终会释放给系统，所以并不是象想象的那样不好。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/mm.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ����ͷ�ļ�������ҳ���С�����һЩҳ���ͷź���ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/mm.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存管理头文件。含有页面大小定义和一些页面释放函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ������������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵȵ�Ƕ��ʽ���ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义了设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等的嵌入式汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�洢Ͱ�������ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>存储桶描述符结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/*
@@ -94576,29 +94576,29 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 void&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*page;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ͱ��������Ӧ���ڴ�ҳ��ָ�롣</p>
+*page;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该桶描述符对应的内存页面指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*next;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ��������ָ�롣</p>
+*next;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下一个描述符指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 void&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*freeptr;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��Ͱ�п����ڴ�λ�õ�ָ�롣</p>
+*freeptr;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指向本桶中空闲内存位置的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned short&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; refcnt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ü�����</p>
+// </span>引用计数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned short&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-bucket_size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������Ӧ�洢Ͱ�Ĵ�С��</p>
+bucket_size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>本描述符对应存储桶的大小。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u> };</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�洢Ͱ������Ŀ¼�ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>存储桶描述符目录结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>_bucket_dir</span></u> {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/*
@@ -94606,12 +94606,12 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>_bucket_dir</span></u> {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ô洢Ͱ�Ĵ�С<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该存储桶的大小<span lang=EN-US>(</span>字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*chain;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ô洢ͰĿ¼���Ͱ����������ָ�롣</p>
+*chain;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该存储桶目录项的桶描述符链表指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u> };</span></p>
 
@@ -94651,22 +94651,22 @@ Note that this list *must* be kept in order.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���������Ǵ�ŵ�һ��������С�洢Ͱ������ָ��ĵط���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面是我们存放第一个给定大小存储桶描述符指针的地方。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>�ں˷���������ָ����С�Ķ�����ô���Ǿ�ϣ������ָ���Ĵ�С�ӵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>如果<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>内核分配了许多指定大小的对象，那么我们就希望将该指定的大小加到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���б�<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>�У���Ϊ��������ʹ�ڴ�ķ������Ч�����ǣ���Ϊһҳ�����ڴ�ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该列表<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>链表<span lang=EN-US>)</span>中，因为这样可以使内存的分配更有效。但是，因为一页完整内存页面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���������б���ָ����С�����ж���������Ҫ����������Ĳ��Բ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>必须用于列表中指定大小的所有对象，所以需要做总数方面的测试操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�洢ͰĿ¼�б�<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>存储桶目录列表<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>数组<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>_bucket_dir</span></u> <u><span
@@ -94674,39 +94674,39 @@ style='color:blue'>bucket_dir</span></u>[] = {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 16,&nbsp;&nbsp; (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *)
-0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 16</span>�ֽڳ��ȵ��ڴ�顣</p>
+0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 16</span>字节长度的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 32,&nbsp;&nbsp; (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *)
-0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 32</span>�ֽڳ��ȵ��ڴ�顣</p>
+0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 32</span>字节长度的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 64,&nbsp;&nbsp; (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *)
-0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 64</span>�ֽڳ��ȵ��ڴ�顣</p>
+0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 64</span>字节长度的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 128,&nbsp; (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *) 0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 128</span>�ֽڳ��ȵ��ڴ�顣</p>
+// 128</span>字节长度的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 256,&nbsp; (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *) 0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 256</span>�ֽڳ��ȵ��ڴ�顣</p>
+// 256</span>字节长度的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 512,&nbsp; (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *) 0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 512</span>�ֽڳ��ȵ��ڴ�顣</p>
+// 512</span>字节长度的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 1024, (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *) 0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 1024</span>�ֽڳ��ȵ��ڴ�顣</p>
+// 1024</span>字节长度的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 2048, (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *) 0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 2048</span>�ֽڳ��ȵ��ڴ�顣</p>
+// 2048</span>字节长度的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 4096, (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *) 0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 4096</span>�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>(1</span>ҳ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>�ڴ档</p>
+// 4096</span>字节<span lang=EN-US>(1</span>页<span lang=EN-US>)</span>内存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 0,&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;(struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u>
@@ -94723,7 +94723,7 @@ This contains a linked list of free bucket descriptor blocks</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����Ǻ��п���Ͱ�������ڴ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面是含有空闲桶描述符内存块的链表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -94743,14 +94743,14 @@ This routine initializes a bucket description page.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������ӳ������ڳ�ʼ��һҳͰ������ҳ�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面的子程序用于初始化一页桶描述符页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ʼ��Ͱ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>初始化桶描述符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ͱ����������������<span
-lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>ָ���һ������Ͱ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>建立空闲桶描述符链表，并让<span
+lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>指向第一个空闲桶描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>
 static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>init_bucket_desc</span></u>()</span></p>
@@ -94767,7 +94767,7 @@ int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һҳ�ڴ棬���ڴ��Ͱ�����������ʧ�ܣ�����ʾ��ʼ��Ͱ������ʱ�ڴ治��������Ϣ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>申请一页内存，用于存放桶描述符。如果失败，则显示初始化桶描述符时内存不够出错信息，死机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>102</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; first = bdesc =
@@ -94781,7 +94781,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!bdesc)</span></
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;Out of memory in init_bucket_desc()&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ���һҳ�ڴ��пɴ�ŵ�Ͱ������������Ȼ����佨����������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先计算一页内存中可存放的桶描述符数量，然后对其建立单向连接指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i = <u><span
@@ -94817,16 +94817,16 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*/</i></
 /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>������������ģ�Ŀ����Ϊ�˱�����<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>˯��ʱ���ӳ����ֱ�</p>
+* </span>这是在最后处理的，目的是为了避免在<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>睡眠时该子程序又被</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>���ö�����ľ���������</p>
+* </span>调用而引起的竞争条件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ͱ������ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>���������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将空闲桶描述符指针<span
+lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>加入链表中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bdesc-&gt;next = <u><span
@@ -94842,13 +94842,13 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���䶯̬�ڴ溯����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>分配动态内存函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>len
-- </span>������ڴ�鳤�ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>len
+- </span>请求的内存块长度。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ�ָ�򱻷����ڴ��ָ�롣���ʧ���򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：指向被分配内存的指针。如果失败则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void *<u><span style='color:blue'>malloc</span></u>(unsigned int
@@ -94891,14 +94891,14 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*/</i></
 /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>�������������洢ͰĿ¼<span lang=EN-US>bucket_dir</span>��Ѱ���ʺ������Ͱ��С��</p>
+* </span>首先我们搜索存储桶目录<span lang=EN-US>bucket_dir</span>来寻找适合请求的桶大小。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����洢ͰĿ¼��Ѱ���ʺ������ڴ���С��Ͱ���������������Ŀ¼���Ͱ�ֽ�������������ֽ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>搜索存储桶目录，寻找适合申请内存块大小的桶描述符链表。如果目录项的桶字节数大于请求的字节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ҵ��˶�Ӧ��ͰĿ¼�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数，就找到了对应的桶目录项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>127</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (bdir = <u><span
@@ -94912,10 +94912,10 @@ if (bdir-&gt;size &gt;= len)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������Ŀ¼��û���ҵ����ʴ�С��Ŀ¼��������������ڴ���С̫�󣬳����˸�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果搜索完整个目录都没有找到合适大小的目录项，则表明所请求的内存块大小太大，超出了该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ķ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ҳ��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��������ʾ������Ϣ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程序的分配限制<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>最长为<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个页面<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。于是显示出错信息，死机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!bdir-&gt;size)
@@ -94950,7 +94950,7 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*/</i></
 /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>�����������������п��пռ��Ͱ��������</p>
+* </span>现在我们来搜索具有空闲空间的桶描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
@@ -94958,11 +94958,11 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*/</i></
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>cli</span></u>();&nbsp; <b><i>/* Avoid race conditions */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>Ϊ�˱�����־������������ȹ��ж�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>为了避免出现竞争条件，首先关中断<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ӦͰĿ¼�������������������Ҿ��п��пռ��Ͱ�����������Ͱ�������Ŀ����ڴ�ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>搜索对应桶目录项中描述符链表，查找具有空闲空间的桶描述符。如果桶描述符的空闲内存指针</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // freeptr</span>��Ϊ�գ����ʾ�ҵ�����Ӧ��Ͱ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // freeptr</span>不为空，则表示找到了相应的桶描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (bdesc =
@@ -94994,7 +94994,7 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*/</i></
 /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>���û���ҵ����п��пռ��Ͱ����������ô���Ǿ�Ҫ�½���һ����Ŀ¼�����������</p>
+* </span>如果没有找到具有空闲空间的桶描述符，那么我们就要新建立一个该目录项的描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*/</span></p>
 
@@ -95012,12 +95012,12 @@ int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i;</
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>��Ϊ��ʱ����ʾ��һ�ε��øó��򣬻������������п�Ͱ�������������ꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若<span lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>还为空时，表示第一次调用该程序，或者链表中所有空桶描述符都已用完。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ����Ҫ����һ��ҳ�沢�����Ͻ�������ʼ������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>��ָ���һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时就需要申请一个页面并在其上建立并初始化空闲描述符链表。<span
+lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>会指向第一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ͱ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个空闲桶描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if
@@ -95027,8 +95027,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>init_bucket_desc</span></u>();</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>ָ��Ŀ���Ͱ������������<span
-lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>ָ����һ������Ͱ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取<span lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>指向的空闲桶描述符，并让<span
+lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>指向下一个空闲桶描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -95038,11 +95038,11 @@ bdesc = <u><span style='color:blue'>free_bucket_desc</span></u>;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>free_bucket_desc</span></u> = bdesc-&gt;next;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ�����µ�Ͱ������������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��Ͱ�Ĵ�С���ڶ�ӦͰĿ¼�Ĵ�С������һ�ڴ�ҳ�棬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>初始化该新的桶描述符。令其引用数量等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>；桶的大小等于对应桶目录的大小；申请一内存页面，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ҳ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>page</span>ָ���ҳ�棻�����ڴ�ָ��Ҳָ���ҳ��ͷ����Ϊ��ʱȫΪ���С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>让描述符的页面指针<span
+lang=EN-US>page</span>指向该页面；空闲内存指针也指向该页开头，因为此时全为空闲。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -95056,7 +95056,7 @@ bdesc-&gt;bucket_size = bdir-&gt;size;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bdesc-&gt;page = bdesc-&gt;freeptr = (void *) cp = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_free_page</span></u>();</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ڴ�ҳ�����ʧ�ܣ�����ʾ������Ϣ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果申请内存页面操作失败，则显示出错信息，死机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -95072,12 +95072,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <b><i>/* Set up the chain of free objects */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>�ڸ�ҳ�����ڴ��н������ж�������<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>在该页空闲内存中建立空闲对象链表<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ը�ͰĿ¼��ָ����Ͱ��СΪ���󳤶ȣ��Ը�ҳ�ڴ���л��֣���ʹÿ������Ŀ�ʼ<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以该桶目录项指定的桶大小为对象长度，对该页内存进行划分，并使每个对象的开始<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>字节设置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ����һ�����ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>成指向下一对象的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -95096,13 +95096,13 @@ cp += bdir-&gt;size;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���һ������ʼ����ָ������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0(NULL)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后一个对象开始处的指针设置为<span
+lang=EN-US>0(NULL)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���ø�Ͱ����������һ������ָ���ֶ�ָ���ӦͰĿ¼��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>chain</span>��ָ������������ͰĿ¼��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后让该桶描述符的下一描述符指针字段指向对应桶目录项指针<span
+lang=EN-US>chain</span>所指的描述符，而桶目录的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // chain</span>ָ���Ͱ��������Ҳ���������������뵽����������ͷ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // chain</span>指向该桶描述符，也即将该描述符插入到描述符链链头处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -95111,7 +95111,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bdesc-&gt;next = bdir-&gt;chain; <b><i>/* OK, link it in! */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* OK</span>���������룡<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+/* OK</span>，将其链入！<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>166</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bdir-&gt;chain
@@ -95120,10 +95120,10 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>167</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ�뼴���ڸ���������Ӧҳ��ĵ�ǰ����ָ�롣Ȼ������ÿ��пռ�ָ��ָ����һ�����ж���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回指针即等于该描述符对应页面的当前空闲指针。然后调整该空闲空间指针指向下一个空闲对象，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʹ�������ж�Ӧҳ���ж������ü�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并使描述符中对应页面中对象引用计数增<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; retval = (void *)
@@ -95136,12 +95136,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bdesc-&gt;freeptr =
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bdesc-&gt;refcnt++;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��󿪷��жϣ�������ָ������ڴ�����ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后开放中断，并返回指向空闲内存对象的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>sti</span></u>();&nbsp; <b><i>/* OK, we're safe again */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* OK</span>�����������ְ�ȫ��<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+/* OK</span>，现在我们又安全了<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>172</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return(retval);</span></p>
@@ -95178,23 +95178,23 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������ͷ��ӳ��������֪���ͷŶ���Ĵ�С����<span
-lang=EN-US>free_s()</span>��ʹ�ø���Ϣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面是释放子程序。如果你知道释放对象的大小，则<span
+lang=EN-US>free_s()</span>将使用该信息加速</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Ѱ��ӦͰ���������ٶȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>搜寻对应桶描述符的速度。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ǽ�����һ���꣬ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;free(x)&quot;</span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>&quot;free_s(x,
-0)&quot;</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>我们将定义一个宏，使得<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;free(x)&quot;</span>成为<span lang=EN-US>&quot;free_s(x,
+0)&quot;</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ͷŴ洢Ͱ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>释放存储桶对象。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>obj
-- </span>��Ӧ����ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>size - </span>��С��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>obj
+- </span>对应对象指针；<span lang=EN-US>size - </span>大小。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>free_s</span></u>(void *obj, int
@@ -95224,7 +95224,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Calculate
 what page this object lives in */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>����ö������ڵ�ҳ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>计算该对象所在的页面<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; page = (void
@@ -95235,7 +95235,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Now search
 the buckets looking for that page */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>���������洢ͰĿ¼�������ӵ�Ͱ��������Ѱ�Ҹ�ҳ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>现在搜索存储桶目录项所链接的桶描述符，寻找该页面<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span></p>
 
@@ -95252,7 +95252,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <b><i>/* If size is zero then this conditional is always false */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>size</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�������������϶���<span
+/* </span>如果参数<span lang=EN-US>size</span>是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则下面条件肯定是<span
 lang=EN-US>false */ </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
@@ -95263,12 +95263,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 continue;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ӦĿ¼�������ӵ����������������Ҷ�Ӧҳ�档���ĳ������ҳ��ָ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>page</span>���ʾ�ҵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>搜索对应目录项中链接的所有描述符，查找对应页面。如果某描述符页面指针等于<span
+lang=EN-US>page</span>则表示找到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ӧ������������ת��<span
-lang=EN-US>found</span>����������������ж�Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>page</span>������������ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>prev</span>ָ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>了相应的描述符，跳转到<span
+lang=EN-US>found</span>。如果描述符不含有对应<span lang=EN-US>page</span>，则让描述符指针<span
+lang=EN-US>prev</span>指向该描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>196</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -95293,7 +95293,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>201</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������˶�ӦĿ¼���������������û���ҵ�ָ����ҳ�棬����ʾ������Ϣ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若搜索了对应目录项的所有描述符都没有找到指定的页面，则显示出错信息，死机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>202</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -95303,15 +95303,15 @@ free_s()&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>203</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> found:</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ҵ���Ӧ��Ͱ�����������ȹ��жϡ�Ȼ�󽫸ö����ڴ��������п���������У���ʹ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>找到对应的桶描述符后，首先关中断。然后将该对象内存块链入空闲块对象链表中，并使该描述符</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ķ������ü�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的对象引用计数减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>cli</span></u>(); <b><i>/* To avoid race conditions */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>Ϊ�˱��⾺������<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>为了避免竞争条件<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *((void **)obj) =
@@ -95324,8 +95324,8 @@ obj;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>207</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bdesc-&gt;refcnt--;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ü����ѵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�������ǾͿ����ͷŶ�Ӧ���ڴ�ҳ��͸�Ͱ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果引用计数已等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则我们就可以释放对应的内存页面和该桶描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>208</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
@@ -95350,15 +95350,15 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>������Ҫȷ��<span lang=EN-US>prev</span>��Ȼ����ȷ�ģ���ĳ�����³���ж�������</p>
+* </span>我们需要确信<span lang=EN-US>prev</span>仍然是正确的，若某程序粗鲁地中断了我们</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>���п��ܲ����ˡ�</p>
+* </span>就有可能不是了。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>prev</span>�Ѿ���������������������ǰһ����������������������ǰ��������ǰһ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>prev</span>已经不是搜索到的描述符的前一个描述符，则重新搜索当前描述符的前一个描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -95380,7 +95380,7 @@ if (prev-&gt;next == bdesc)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ҵ���ǰһ�����������������������ɾ����ǰ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果找到该前一个描述符，则从描述符链中删除当前描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>218</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -95390,14 +95390,14 @@ if (prev)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 prev-&gt;next = bdesc-&gt;next;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>prev==NULL</span>����˵����ǰһ���������Ǹ�Ŀ¼���׸���������Ҳ��Ŀ¼����<span
-lang=EN-US>chain</span>Ӧ��ֱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>prev==NULL</span>，则说明当前一个描述符是该目录项首个描述符，也即目录项中<span
+lang=EN-US>chain</span>应该直接</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��ǰ������<span
-lang=EN-US>bdesc</span>�������ʾ���������⣬����ʾ������Ϣ����������ˣ�Ϊ�˽���ǰ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指向当前描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>bdesc</span>，否则表示链表有问题，则显示出错信息，死机。因此，为了将当前描述符</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ɾ����Ӧ����<span
-lang=EN-US>chain</span>ָ����һ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从链表中删除，应该让<span
+lang=EN-US>chain</span>指向下一个描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>220</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -95419,7 +95419,7 @@ bdir-&gt;chain = bdesc-&gt;next;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>224</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͷŵ�ǰ���������������ڴ�ҳ�棬�������������������������������ʼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>释放当前描述符所操作的内存页面，并将该描述符插入空闲描述符链表开始处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>225</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -95437,7 +95437,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���жϣ����ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>开中断，返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>229</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<u><span
@@ -95471,7 +95471,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448077"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447481"></a><a name="_Toc56863290"></a><a name="_Toc53320698"><span
-lang=EN-US>15.8 </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-8
+lang=EN-US>15.8 </span><span style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-8
 linux/lib/open.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -95498,40 +95498,40 @@ linux/lib/open.c</i></b></span></p>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__LIBRARY__</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>��׼ͷ�ļ��������˸��ַ��ų��������ͣ��������˸��ֺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>标准头文件。定义了各种符号常数和类型，并声明了各种函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>�綨����<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>���򻹺�ϵͳ���úź���Ƕ���<span lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>�ȡ�</p>
+</span>如定义了<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>，则还含系统调用号和内嵌汇编<span lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
-#include &lt;stdarg.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��׼����ͷ�ļ����Ժ����ʽ������������б�����Ҫ˵����<span
-lang=EN-US>-</span>��</p>
+#include &lt;stdarg.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标准参数头文件。以宏的形式定义变量参数列表。主要说明了<span
+lang=EN-US>-</span>个</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>(va_list)</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>(va_start,
-va_arg</span>��<span lang=EN-US>va_end)</span>������</p>
+// </span>类型<span lang=EN-US>(va_list)</span>和三个宏<span lang=EN-US>(va_start,
+va_arg</span>和<span lang=EN-US>va_end)</span>，用于</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// vsprintf</span>��<span lang=EN-US>vprintf</span>��<span lang=EN-US>vfprintf</span>������</p>
+// vsprintf</span>、<span lang=EN-US>vprintf</span>、<span lang=EN-US>vfprintf</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ļ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>打开文件函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�򿪲��п��ܴ���һ���ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>打开并有可能创建一个文件。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>filename
-- </span>�ļ�����<span lang=EN-US>flag - </span>�ļ��򿪱�־��<span lang=EN-US>...</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>filename
+- </span>文件名；<span lang=EN-US>flag - </span>文件打开标志；<span lang=EN-US>...</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��ļ������������������ó����룬������<span
-lang=EN-US>-1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：文件描述符，若出错则置出错码，并返回<span
+lang=EN-US>-1</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>13</span>�ж�����һ���Ĵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>res</span>���ñ�������������һ���Ĵ����У��Ա��ڸ�Ч���ʺͲ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>13</span>行定义了一个寄存器变量<span
+lang=EN-US>res</span>，该变量将被保存在一个寄存器中，以便于高效访问和操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ����ŵļĴ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>������ô���԰Ѹþ�д��<span lang=EN-US>��register int res
-asm(&quot;ax&quot;);</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若想指定存放的寄存器（例如<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>），那么可以把该句写成<span lang=EN-US>“register int res
+asm(&quot;ax&quot;);</span>”。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>open</span></u>(const char * filename, int flag,
@@ -95547,19 +95547,19 @@ register int res;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>va_start()</span>�꺯����ȡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>flag</span>���������ָ�룬Ȼ�����ϵͳ�ж�<span lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>open</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>利用<span lang=EN-US>va_start()</span>宏函数，取得<span
+lang=EN-US>flag</span>后面参数的指针，然后调用系统中断<span lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>，功能<span
+lang=EN-US>open</span>进行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ��򿪲�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件打开操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(</span>���ص��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(</span>ϵͳ�жϵ��ù��ܺ�<span lang=EN-US>__NR_open)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(</span>返回的描述符或出错码<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(</span>系统中断调用功能号<span lang=EN-US>__NR_open)</span>；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %2 - ebx(</span>�ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>filename)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(</span>���ļ���־<span
-lang=EN-US>flag)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%4 - edx(</span>��������ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>mode)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %2 - ebx(</span>文件名<span
+lang=EN-US>filename)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(</span>打开文件标志<span
+lang=EN-US>flag)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%4 - edx(</span>后随参数文件属性<span
+lang=EN-US>mode)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>va_start</span></u>(arg,flag);</span></p>
@@ -95577,8 +95577,8 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;int $0x80&quot;</i></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;d&quot;</i> (<u><span style='color:blue'>va_arg</span></u>(arg,int)));</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ�жϵ��÷���ֵ���ڻ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ��һ���ļ�����������ֱ�ӷ���֮��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统中断调用返回值大于或等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示是一个文件描述符，则直接返回之。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (res&gt;=0)</span></p>
@@ -95586,8 +95586,8 @@ if (res&gt;=0)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return res;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����˵������ֵС��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�������һ�������롣���øó����벢����<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则说明返回值小于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则代表一个出错码。设置该出错码并返回<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>errno</span></u> = -res;</span></p>
@@ -95615,7 +95615,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448078"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447482"></a><a name="_Toc56863291"></a><a name="_Toc53320699"><span
-lang=EN-US>15.9 </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-9
+lang=EN-US>15.9 </span><span style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-9
 linux/lib/setsid.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -95642,21 +95642,21 @@ linux/lib/setsid.c</i></b></span></p>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__LIBRARY__</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>��׼ͷ�ļ��������˸��ַ��ų��������ͣ��������˸��ֺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>标准头文件。定义了各种符号常数和类型，并声明了各种函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�綨����<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>���򻹺�ϵͳ���úź���Ƕ���<span
-lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>�ȡ�</p>
+// </span>如定义了<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>，则还含系统调用号和内嵌汇编<span
+lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����һ���Ự�����ý�����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>创建一个会话并设置进程组号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ϵͳ���ú��Ӧ�ں�����<span
-lang=EN-US>pid_t setsid()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面系统调用宏对应于函数：<span
+lang=EN-US>pid_t setsid()</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ����ý��̵ĻỰ��ʶ��<span
-lang=EN-US>(session ID)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：调用进程的会话标识符<span
+lang=EN-US>(session ID)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_syscall0</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>pid_t</span></u>,<u><span
@@ -95680,7 +95680,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448079"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447483"></a><a name="_Toc56863292"></a><a name="_Toc53320700"><span
-lang=EN-US>15.10 </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-10
+lang=EN-US>15.10 </span><span style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-10
 linux/lib/string.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -95705,7 +95705,7 @@ linux/lib/string.c</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 #ifndef __GNUC__&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��Ҫ<span lang=EN-US>GNU</span>��<span lang=EN-US>C</span>���������롣</p>
+// </span>需要<span lang=EN-US>GNU</span>的<span lang=EN-US>C</span>编译器编译。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
 #error I want gcc!</span></p>
@@ -95745,7 +95745,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448080"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447484"></a><a name="_Toc56863293"></a><a name="_Toc53320701"><span
-lang=EN-US>15.11 </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-11
+lang=EN-US>15.11 </span><span style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-11
 linux/lib/wait.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -95772,32 +95772,32 @@ linux/lib/wait.c</i></b></span></p>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__LIBRARY__</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>��׼ͷ�ļ��������˸��ַ��ų��������ͣ��������˸��ֺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>标准头文件。定义了各种符号常数和类型，并声明了各种函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�綨����<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>���򻹺�ϵͳ���úź���Ƕ���<span
-lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>�ȡ�</p>
+// </span>如定义了<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>，则还含系统调用号和内嵌汇编<span
+lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/wait.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>wait()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>����س������š�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/wait.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待调用头文件。定义系统调用<span
+lang=EN-US>wait()</span>和<span lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>及相关常数符号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ȴ�������ֹϵͳ���ú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>等待进程终止系统调用函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ṹ��Ӧ�ں�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该下面宏结构对应于函数：<span
 lang=EN-US>pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int * wait_stat, int options)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>pid
-- </span>�ȴ�����ֹ���̵Ľ���<span lang=EN-US>id</span>������������ָ����������������ض���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>pid
+- </span>等待被终止进程的进程<span lang=EN-US>id</span>，或者是用于指定特殊情况的其他特定数值；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; wait_stat - </span>���ڴ��״̬��Ϣ��<span
-lang=EN-US>options - WNOHANG</span>��<span lang=EN-US>WUNTRACED</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; wait_stat - </span>用于存放状态信息；<span
+lang=EN-US>options - WNOHANG</span>或<span lang=EN-US>WUNTRACED</span>或是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_syscall3</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>pid_t</span></u>,<u><span
@@ -95806,8 +95806,8 @@ style='color:blue'>waitpid</span></u>,<u><span style='color:blue'>pid_t</span></
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// wait()</span>ϵͳ���á�ֱ�ӵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// wait()</span>系统调用。直接调用<span
+lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>pid_t</span></u> <u><span style='color:blue'>wait</span></u>(int
@@ -95838,7 +95838,7 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448081"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447485"></a><a name="_Toc56863294"></a><a name="_Toc53320702"><span
-lang=EN-US>15.12 </span><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-12
+lang=EN-US>15.12 </span><span style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-12
 linux/lib/write.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -95865,25 +95865,25 @@ linux/lib/write.c</i></b></span></p>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__LIBRARY__</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>��׼ͷ�ļ��������˸��ַ��ų��������ͣ��������˸��ֺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>标准头文件。定义了各种符号常数和类型，并声明了各种函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�綨����<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>���򻹺�ϵͳ���úź���Ƕ���<span
-lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>�ȡ�</p>
+// </span>如定义了<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>，则还含系统调用号和内嵌汇编<span
+lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>д�ļ�ϵͳ���ú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>写文件系统调用函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�ṹ��Ӧ�ں�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该宏结构对应于函数：<span
 lang=EN-US>int write(int fd, const char * buf, off_t count)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>fd
-- </span>�ļ���������<span lang=EN-US>buf - </span>д������ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>count - </span>д�ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>fd
+- </span>文件描述符；<span lang=EN-US>buf - </span>写缓冲区指针；<span lang=EN-US>count - </span>写字节数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��ɹ�ʱ����д����ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(0</span>��ʾд��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>������ʱ������<span
-lang=EN-US>-1</span>�����������˳����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：成功时返回写入的字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>(0</span>表示写入<span lang=EN-US>0</span>字节<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；出错时将返回<span
+lang=EN-US>-1</span>，并且设置了出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_syscall3</span></u>(int,<u><span style='color:blue'>write</span></u>,int,fd,const
@@ -95906,12 +95906,12 @@ clear=all style='page-break-before:always'>
 
 <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<h1><a name="_Toc493448082"></a><a name="_Toc493447486"><span lang=EN-US>��16�� </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>�ں˴�����ϳ���</span></a></h1>
+<h1><a name="_Toc493448082"></a><a name="_Toc493447486"><span lang=EN-US>第16章 </span><span
+style='font-family:宋体'>内核创建组合程序</span></a></h1>
 
 <h2 style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm'><a name="_Toc493448083"></a><a
 name="_Toc493447487"></a><a name="_Toc53320703"><span lang=EN-US>16.1 </span><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>16-1 linux/tools/build.c</span></a></h2>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>16-1 linux/tools/build.c</span></a></h2>
 
 <div class=926 align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -95965,25 +95965,25 @@ the right amount. It also writes some system data to stderr.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ó����������ͬ�ĳ����д�������ӳ���ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该程序从三个不同的程序中创建磁盘映像文件：</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * - bootsect</span>�����ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>8086</span>�������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>510</span>�ֽڣ����ڼ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * - bootsect</span>：该文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>8086</span>机器码最长为<span lang=EN-US>510</span>字节，用于加载其他程序。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * - setup</span>�����ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>8086</span>�������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>4</span>��������������������ϵͳ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * - setup</span>：该文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>8086</span>机器码最长为<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个磁盘扇区，用于设置系统参数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * - system</span>��ʵ��ϵͳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>80386</span>���롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * - system</span>：实际系统的<span
+lang=EN-US>80386</span>代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ó������ȼ�����г���ģ��������Ƿ���ȷ��������������ն�����ʾ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该程序首先检查所有程序模块的类型是否正确，并将检查结果在终端上显示出来，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>Ȼ��ɾ��ģ��ͷ�����������ȷ�ĳ��ȡ��ó���Ҳ�ὫһЩϵͳ����д��<span
-lang=EN-US>stderr</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>然后删除模块头部并扩充大正确的长度。该程序也会将一些系统数据写到<span
+lang=EN-US>stderr</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -96003,11 +96003,11 @@ Added swap-device specification: Linux 20.12.91</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * tytso</span>�Ըó��������޸ģ�������ָ�����ļ��豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * tytso</span>对该程序作了修改，以允许指定根文件设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������ָ�������豸���ܣ�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>添加了指定交换设备功能：<span
 lang=EN-US>Linus 20.12.91</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
@@ -96016,81 +96016,81 @@ lang=EN-US>Linus 20.12.91</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 #include &lt;stdio.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* fprintf */&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ʹ�����е�<span lang=EN-US>fprintf()</span>������</p>
+// </span>使用其中的<span lang=EN-US>fprintf()</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 #include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ַ�������������</p>
+// </span>字符串操作函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 #include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* contains exit */&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>exit</span>����ԭ��˵����</p>
+// </span>含<span lang=EN-US>exit</span>函数原型说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp; /* unistd.h needs this */&nbsp; // </span>��ͷ�ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>unistd.h</span>�ļ�ʹ�á�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp; /* unistd.h needs this */&nbsp; // </span>该头文件供<span
+lang=EN-US>unistd.h</span>文件使用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 #include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ļ�״̬��Ϣ�ṹ���塣</p>
+// </span>含文件状态信息结构定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 #include &lt;linux/fs.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ�ϵͳͷ�ļ���</p>
+// </span>文件系统头文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 #include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* contains read/write */&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>read/write</span>����ԭ��˵����</p>
+// </span>含<span lang=EN-US>read/write</span>函数原型说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 #include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ļ�����ģʽ���ų�����</p>
+// </span>包含文件操作模式符号常数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MINIX_HEADER</span></u> 32&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// minix</span>������Ŀ���ļ�ģ��ͷ������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+// minix</span>二进制目标文件模块头部长度为<span lang=EN-US>32</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>GCC_HEADER</span></u> 1024&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// GCC</span>ͷ����Ϣ����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+// GCC</span>头部信息长度为<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SYS_SIZE</span></u> 0x3000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// system</span>�ļ������<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�ֽ���Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>SYS_SIZE*16=128KB)</span>��</p>
+// system</span>文件最长节数<span lang=EN-US>(</span>字节数为<span lang=EN-US>SYS_SIZE*16=128KB)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ĭ�ϵذ�<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>���ļ�ϵͳ�����豸����Ϊ�ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ�̵ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������ϣ����豸��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0x0306</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>默认地把<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>根文件系统所在设备设置为在第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘的第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个分区上（即设备号为<span lang=EN-US>0x0306</span>），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>Linus</span>��ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>ʱ���ѵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ӳ������<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>ϵͳ�̣�����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是因为<span lang=EN-US>Linus</span>当时开发<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>时，把第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个硬盘用作<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>系统盘，而第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘用作为<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ĸ��ļ�ϵͳ�̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的根文件系统盘。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEFAULT_MAJOR_ROOT</span></u> 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ĭ�ϸ��豸���豸��<span lang=EN-US> - 3</span>��Ӳ�̣���</p>
+// </span>默认根设备主设备号<span lang=EN-US> - 3</span>（硬盘）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEFAULT_MINOR_ROOT</span></u> 6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ĭ�ϸ��豸���豸��<span lang=EN-US> - 6</span>����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ�̵ĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��������</p>
+// </span>默认根设备次设备号<span lang=EN-US> - 6</span>（第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘的第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>分区）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEFAULT_MAJOR_SWAP</span></u> 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ĭ�Ͻ����豸���豸�š�</p>
+// </span>默认交换设备主设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEFAULT_MINOR_SWAP</span></u> 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ĭ�Ͻ����豸���豸�š�</p>
+// </span>默认交换设备次设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -96100,23 +96100,23 @@ max nr of sectors of setup: don't change unless you also change</i></b></span></
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u> <b><i>&nbsp;*
 bootsect etc */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����ָ��<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>ģ��ռ���������������Ҫ�ı��ֵ������Ҳ�ı�<span
-lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>����Ӧ�ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>下面指定<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>模块占的最大扇区数：不要改变该值，除非也改变<span
+lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>等相应文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SETUP_SECTS</span></u> 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// setup</span>��󳤶�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>4</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>2KB</span>����</p>
+// setup</span>最大长度为<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个扇区（<span lang=EN-US>2KB</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>STRINGIFY</span></u>(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>x</span></u>) #x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>x</span>ת�����ַ������ͣ����ڳ�����ʾ����С�</p>
+// </span>把<span lang=EN-US>x</span>转换成字符串类型，用于出错显示语句中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ʾ������Ϣ������ֹ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>显示出错信息，并终止程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(char * <u><span
@@ -96134,7 +96134,7 @@ fprintf(stderr,<i>&quot;%s\n&quot;</i>,<u><span style='color:blue'>str</span></u
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ����ʹ�÷��������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>显示程序使用方法，并退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>usage</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -96149,7 +96149,7 @@ system [rootdev] [&gt; image]&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>主程序开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>main</span></u>(int argc, char ** <u><span
@@ -96174,11 +96174,11 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>stat</span></u> sb;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ��<span lang=EN-US>build</span>����ִ��ʱʵ�������в��������������ݲ�����������Ӧ���á����<span
-lang=EN-US>build</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检查<span lang=EN-US>build</span>程序执行时实际命令行参数个数，并根据参数个数作相应设置。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>build</span>程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����в�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>��<span lang=EN-US>6</span>��������������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����������ʾ�����÷����˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>命令行参数个数不是<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>到<span lang=EN-US>6</span>个（程序名算作<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个），则显示程序用法并退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if ((argc &lt; 4) || (argc &gt; 6))</span></p>
@@ -96186,15 +96186,15 @@ if ((argc &lt; 4) || (argc &gt; 6))</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>usage</span></u>();</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������ж���<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>����������ô������豸���������̣�<span lang=EN-US>&quot;FLOPPY&quot;</span>������ȡ���豸�ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若程序命令行上有多于<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>个参数，那么如果根设备名不是软盘（<span lang=EN-US>&quot;FLOPPY&quot;</span>），则取该设备文件的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>״̬��Ϣ����ȡ״̬��������ʾ��Ϣ���˳�������ȡ���豸��״̬�ṹ�е����豸�źʹ��豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>状态信息。若取状态出错则显示信息并退出，否则取该设备名状态结构中的主设备号和次设备号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>��Ϊ���豸�š�������豸����<span
-lang=EN-US>FLOPPY</span>�豸���������豸�źʹ��豸��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ���豸�ǵ�ǰ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;// </span>作为根设备号。如果根设备就是<span
+lang=EN-US>FLOPPY</span>设备，则让主设备号和次设备号取<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。表示根设备是当前</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>启动引导设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (argc &gt; 4) {</span></p>
@@ -96219,7 +96219,7 @@ device.&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 major_root = <u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR</span></u>(sb.st_rdev);&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ�豸��״̬�ṹ���豸�š�</p>
+// </span>取设备名状态结构中设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 minor_root = <u><span style='color:blue'>MINOR</span></u>(sb.st_rdev);</span></p>
@@ -96236,7 +96236,7 @@ minor_root = 0;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ֻ��<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�����������豸�źʹ��豸�ŵ���ϵͳĬ�ϵĸ��豸�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若参数只有<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个，则让主设备号和次设备号等于系统默认的根设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 } else {</span></p>
@@ -96250,15 +96250,15 @@ minor_root = <u><span style='color:blue'>DEFAULT_MINOR_ROOT</span></u>;</span></
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������������<span
-lang=EN-US>6</span>����������ô������һ����ʾ�����豸�Ĳ��������ޣ�<span lang=EN-US>&quot;NONE&quot;</span>������ȡ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若程序命令行上有<span
+lang=EN-US>6</span>个参数，那么如果最后一个表示交换设备的参数不是无（<span lang=EN-US>&quot;NONE&quot;</span>），则取该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�豸�ļ���״̬��Ϣ����ȡ״̬��������ʾ��Ϣ���˳�������ȡ���豸��״̬�ṹ�е����豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设备文件的状态信息。若取状态出错则显示信息并退出，否则取该设备名状态结构中的主设备号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ʹ��豸����Ϊ�����豸�š�������һ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;NONE&quot;</span>�����ý����豸�����豸�źʹ��豸</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和次设备号作为交换设备号。如果最后一个参数就是<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;NONE&quot;</span>，则让交换设备的主设备号和次设备</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡΪ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ�����豸���ǵ�ǰ���������豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号取为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。表示交换设备就是当前启动引导设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (argc == 6) {</span></p>
@@ -96283,7 +96283,7 @@ device.&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 major_swap = <u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR</span></u>(sb.st_rdev);&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ�豸��״̬�ṹ���豸�š�</p>
+// </span>取设备名状态结构中设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 minor_swap = <u><span style='color:blue'>MINOR</span></u>(sb.st_rdev);</span></p>
@@ -96300,10 +96300,10 @@ minor_swap = 0;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������û��<span lang=EN-US>6</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>5</span>������ʾ��������û�д������豸�������Ǿ��ý����豸���豸�źʹ��豸</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若参数没有<span lang=EN-US>6</span>个而是<span
+lang=EN-US>5</span>个，表示命令行上没有带交换设备名。于是就让交换设备主设备号和次设备</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ŵ���ϵͳĬ�ϵĽ����豸�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号等于系统默认的交换设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } else {</span></p>
@@ -96321,13 +96321,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ڱ�׼�����ն�����ʾ������ѡ��ĸ��豸�������豸�źͽ����豸�������豸�š����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接下来在标准错误终端上显示上面所选择的根设备主、次设备号和交换设备主、次设备号。如果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸�Ų�����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�����̣���<span lang=EN-US>3</span>��Ӳ�̣���Ҳ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ȡϵͳĬ���豸��������ʾ������Ϣ���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>主设备号不等于<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>（软盘）或<span lang=EN-US>3</span>（硬盘），也不为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（取系统默认设备），则显示出错信息并退出。</p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ն˵ı�׼����������ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>Image</span>����˱�������������ں˴������ݣ������ں�ӳ���ļ���</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>终端的标准输出被定向到文件<span
+lang=EN-US>Image</span>，因此被用于输出保存内核代码数据，生成内核映像文件。</p>
 
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; fprintf(stderr, <i>&quot;Root
@@ -96381,15 +96381,15 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���濪ʼִ�ж�ȡ�����ļ����ݲ�������Ӧ�ĸ��ƴ��������ȳ�ʼ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1KB</span>�ĸ��ƻ���������ȫ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面开始执行读取各个文件内容并进行相应的复制处理。首先初始化<span
+lang=EN-US>1KB</span>的复制缓冲区，置全<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����ֻ����ʽ�򿪲���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>ָ�����ļ���<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>�������ж�ȡ<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽڵ�<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>ִ���ļ�ͷ�ṹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后以只读方式打开参数<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>指定的文件（<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>）。从中读取<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>字节的<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>执行文件头结构</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݣ��μ��б���˵������������<span
-lang=EN-US>buf</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内容（参见列表后说明）到缓冲区<span
+lang=EN-US>buf</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for
@@ -96415,14 +96415,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Unable to read header of
 'boot'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>ͷ���ṹ�ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>�Ƿ�Ϊһ����Ч��<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>ִ���ļ������ǣ�����ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接下来根据<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>头部结构判断<span
+lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>是否为一个有效的<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>执行文件。若是，则从文件中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>512</span>�ֽڵ�����������������ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取<span lang=EN-US>512</span>字节的引导扇区代码和数据。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x0301 - MINIX</span>ͷ��<span
-lang=EN-US>a_magic</span>ħ����<span lang=EN-US>0x10 - a_flag</span>��ִ�У�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x04 - a_cpu, Intel 8086</span>�����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x0301 - MINIX</span>头部<span
+lang=EN-US>a_magic</span>魔数；<span lang=EN-US>0x10 - a_flag</span>可执行；<span
+lang=EN-US>0x04 - a_cpu, Intel 8086</span>机器码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
@@ -96433,9 +96433,9 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Non-Minix header of
 'boot'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж�ͷ�������ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>a_hdrlen</span>���ֽڣ��Ƿ���ȷ��<span lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽڣ����������ֽ�����û���ã���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断头部长度字段<span
+lang=EN-US>a_hdrlen</span>（字节）是否正确（<span lang=EN-US>32</span>字节）。（后三字节正好没有用，是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>124</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
@@ -96446,8 +96446,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Non-Minix header of
 'boot'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж����ݶγ�<span
-lang=EN-US>a_data</span>�ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>(long)</span>�����Ƿ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断数据段长<span
+lang=EN-US>a_data</span>字段<span lang=EN-US>(long)</span>内容是否为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>126</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
@@ -96458,8 +96458,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Illegal data segment in
 'boot'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж϶�<span lang=EN-US>a_bss</span>�ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(long)</span>�����Ƿ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断堆<span lang=EN-US>a_bss</span>字段<span
+lang=EN-US>(long)</span>内容是否为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>128</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
@@ -96469,8 +96469,8 @@ style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>)[4]!=0)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Illegal bss in 'boot'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж�ִ�е�<span lang=EN-US>a_entry</span>�ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(long)</span>�����Ƿ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断执行点<span lang=EN-US>a_entry</span>字段<span
+lang=EN-US>(long)</span>内容是否为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
@@ -96481,8 +96481,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Non-Minix header of
 'boot'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�жϷ��ű����ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>a_sym</span>�������Ƿ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断符号表长字段<span
+lang=EN-US>a_sym</span>的内容是否为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>132</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
@@ -96493,13 +96493,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Illegal symbol table in
 'boot'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ж϶���ȷ�������¶�ȡ�ļ�������ʵ�ʴ������ݣ�Ӧ�÷��ض�ȡ�ֽ���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>512</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在上述判断都正确的条件下读取文件中随后的实际代码数据，应该返回读取字节数为<span
+lang=EN-US>512</span>字节。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>�ļ��а�������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������������������������ݣ��������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽ�Ӧ���ǿ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因为<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>文件中包含的是<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个扇区的引导扇区代码和数据，并且最后<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字节应该是可引导</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��־<span lang=EN-US>0xAA55</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标志<span lang=EN-US>0xAA55</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i=<u><span
@@ -96527,8 +96527,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Boot block hasn't got boot
 flag (0xAA55)&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������<span lang=EN-US>506</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>507</span>ƫ�ƴ����Ž����豸�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>508</span>��<span lang=EN-US>509</span>ƫ�ƴ����Ÿ��豸�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>引导扇区的<span lang=EN-US>506</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>507</span>偏移处需存放交换设备号，<span lang=EN-US>508</span>、<span lang=EN-US>509</span>偏移处需存放根设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -96546,14 +96546,14 @@ style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>[508] = (char) minor_root;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>[509] = (char) major_root;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�󽫸�<span lang=EN-US>512</span>�ֽڵ�����д����׼���<span
-lang=EN-US>stdout</span>����д���ֽ������ԣ�����ʾ������Ϣ���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后将该<span lang=EN-US>512</span>字节的数据写到标准输出<span
+lang=EN-US>stdout</span>，若写出字节数不对，则显示出错信息并退出。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>linux/Makefile</span>�У�<span
-lang=EN-US>build</span>�����׼������ض����ں�ӳ���ļ���<span lang=EN-US>Image</span>�ϣ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在<span lang=EN-US>linux/Makefile</span>中，<span
+lang=EN-US>build</span>程序标准输出被重定向到内核映像文件名<span lang=EN-US>Image</span>上，因此引导</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������ݻᱻд��<span
-lang=EN-US>Image</span>��ʼ��<span lang=EN-US>512</span>�ֽڴ������ر�<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>ģ���ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扇区代码和数据会被写到<span
+lang=EN-US>Image</span>开始的<span lang=EN-US>512</span>字节处。最后关闭<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>模块文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>144</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i=<u><span
@@ -96573,15 +96573,15 @@ style='color:blue'>close</span></u> (id);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ֻ����ʽ�򿪲���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>ָ�����ļ���<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>�������ж�ȡ<span lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>ִ���ļ�ͷ�ṹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面以只读方式打开参数<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>指定的文件（<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>）。从中读取<span lang=EN-US>32</span>字节的<span
+lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>执行文件头结构</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>buf</span>�С�������ʽ��������ͬ��������ֻ����ʽ��ָ�����ļ�<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>�����ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内容到缓冲区<span
+lang=EN-US>buf</span>中。处理方式与上面相同。首先以只读方式打开指定的文件<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>。从中读</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>ִ���ļ�ͷ�ṹ���ݵ�������<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取<span lang=EN-US>32</span>字节的<span
+lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>执行文件头结构内容到缓冲区<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((id=<u><span
@@ -96603,14 +96603,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Unable to read header of
 'setup'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>ͷ���ṹ�ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>setup</span>�Ƿ�Ϊһ����Ч��<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>ִ���ļ������ǣ�����ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接下来根据<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>头部结构判断<span
+lang=EN-US>setup</span>是否为一个有效的<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>执行文件。若是，则从文件中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>512</span>�ֽڵ�����������������ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取<span lang=EN-US>512</span>字节的引导扇区代码和数据。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x0301- MINIX</span>ͷ��<span
-lang=EN-US>a_magic</span>ħ����<span lang=EN-US>0x10- a_flag</span>��ִ�У�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x04- a_cpu, Intel 8086</span>�����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x0301- MINIX</span>头部<span
+lang=EN-US>a_magic</span>魔数；<span lang=EN-US>0x10- a_flag</span>可执行；<span
+lang=EN-US>0x04- a_cpu, Intel 8086</span>机器码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
@@ -96621,9 +96621,9 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Non-Minix header of
 'setup'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж�ͷ�������ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>a_hdrlen</span>���ֽڣ��Ƿ���ȷ��<span lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽڣ����������ֽ�����û���ã���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断头部长度字段<span
+lang=EN-US>a_hdrlen</span>（字节）是否正确（<span lang=EN-US>32</span>字节）。（后三字节正好没有用，是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
@@ -96634,17 +96634,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Non-Minix header of
 'setup'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж����ݶγ��ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>a_data</span>�����ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>a_bss</span>����ʼִ�е��ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>a_entry</span>�ͷ��ű��ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>a_sym</span>������</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断数据段长字段<span
+lang=EN-US>a_data</span>、堆字段<span lang=EN-US>a_bss</span>、起始执行点字段<span
+lang=EN-US>a_entry</span>和符号表字段<span lang=EN-US>a_sym</span>的内容</p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƿ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����붼Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是否为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。必须都为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>)[3]!=0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ݶγ�<span lang=EN-US>a_data</span>�ֶΡ�</p>
+// </span>数据段长<span lang=EN-US>a_data</span>字段。</p>
 
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -96654,7 +96654,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>)[4]!=0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>a_bss</span>�ֶΡ�</p>
+// </span>堆<span lang=EN-US>a_bss</span>字段。</p>
 
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -96664,7 +96664,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>)[5] != 0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ִ����ʼ��<span lang=EN-US>a_entry</span>�ֶΡ�</p>
+// </span>执行起始点<span lang=EN-US>a_entry</span>字段。</p>
 
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -96680,18 +96680,18 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Illegal symbol table in
 'setup'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ж϶���ȷ�������¶�ȡ�ļ�������ʵ�ʴ������ݣ�����д���ն˱�׼�����ͬʱͳ��</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在上述判断都正确的条件下读取文件中随后的实际代码数据，并且写到终端标准输出。同时统计</p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>д�ĳ��ȣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�������ڲ���������ر�<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>�ļ���֮���ж�һ������<span
-lang=EN-US>setup</span>ִ��д�����Ĵ���</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>写的长度（<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>），并在操作结束后关闭<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>文件。之后判断一下利用<span
+lang=EN-US>setup</span>执行写操作的代码</p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ݳ���ֵ����ֵ���ܴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(SETUP_SECTS * 512)</span>�ֽڣ�����͵������޸�<span lang=EN-US>build</span>��<span
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和数据长度值，该值不能大于<span
+lang=EN-US>(SETUP_SECTS * 512)</span>字节，否则就得重新修改<span lang=EN-US>build</span>、<span
 lang=EN-US>bootsect</span></p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>�������趨��<span
-lang=EN-US>setup</span>��ռ�����������±����ںˡ���һ����������ʾ<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>ʵ�ʳ���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>程序中设定的<span
+lang=EN-US>setup</span>所占扇区数并重新编译内核。若一切正常就显示<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>实际长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0 ; (c=<u><span
@@ -96709,7 +96709,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>close</span></u> (id);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//</span>�ر�<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>ģ���ļ���</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//</span>关闭<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>模块文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>169</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (i &gt; <u><span
@@ -96728,13 +96728,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; fprintf(stderr,<i>&quot;Setup
 is %d bytes.\n&quot;</i>,i);</span></p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڽ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>buf</span>����֮���ж�ʵ��д��<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>(SETUP_SECTS4*512)</span>����ֵ���<span lang=EN-US>setup</span></p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在将缓冲区<span
+lang=EN-US>buf</span>清零之后，判断实际写的<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>长度与<span
+lang=EN-US>(SETUP_SECTS4*512)</span>的数值差，若<span lang=EN-US>setup</span></p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����С�ڸó��ȣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>4*512</span>�ֽڣ�������<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>4*512</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>长度小于该长度（<span
+lang=EN-US>4*512</span>字节），则用<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>字符将<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>填足为<span
+lang=EN-US>4*512</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>173</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (c=0 ;
@@ -96779,23 +96779,23 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>183</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���濪ʼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>system</span>ģ���ļ������ļ�ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>gas</span>���룬��˾���<span
-lang=EN-US>GNU a.out</span>Ŀ���ļ���ʽ��</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面开始处理<span
+lang=EN-US>system</span>模块文件。该文件使用<span lang=EN-US>gas</span>编译，因此具有<span
+lang=EN-US>GNU a.out</span>目标文件格式。</p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ֻ����ʽ���ļ�������ȡ����<span
-lang=EN-US>a.out</span>��ʽͷ���ṹ��Ϣ��<span lang=EN-US>1KB</span>���ȣ������ж�<span
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先以只读方式打开文件，并读取其中<span
+lang=EN-US>a.out</span>格式头部结构信息（<span lang=EN-US>1KB</span>长度）。在判断<span
 lang=EN-US>system</span></p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ����Ч��<span
-lang=EN-US>a.out</span>��ʽ�ļ�֮�󣬾ͰѸ��ļ������������ݶ�д����׼�����<span lang=EN-US>Image</span>�ļ���</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是一个有效的<span
+lang=EN-US>a.out</span>格式文件之后，就把该文件随后的所有数据都写到标准输出（<span lang=EN-US>Image</span>文件）</p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�У����رո��ļ���Ȼ����ʾ<span
-lang=EN-US>system</span>ģ��ĳ��ȡ���<span lang=EN-US>system</span>��������ݳ��ȳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>SYS_SIZE</span>��</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中，并关闭该文件。然后显示<span
+lang=EN-US>system</span>模块的长度。若<span lang=EN-US>system</span>代码和数据长度超过<span
+lang=EN-US>SYS_SIZE</span>节</p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>128KB</span>�ֽڣ�������ʾ������Ϣ���˳������޴����򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ�����˳���</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（即<span lang=EN-US>128KB</span>字节），则显示出错信息并退出。若无错，则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示正常退出。</p>
 
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>184</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((id=<u><span
@@ -96820,7 +96820,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>)[5] != 0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>ִ����ڵ��ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>a_entry</span>ֵӦΪ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+</span>执行入口点字段<span lang=EN-US>a_entry</span>值应为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
diff --git a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-1.html b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-1.html
index 80d22af..efaa568 100644
--- a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-1.html
+++ b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-1.html
@@ -10,24 +10,24 @@
 	{font-family:Wingdings;
 	panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:宋体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	{font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@黑体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@宋体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����С���μ���";}
+	{font-family:"\@方正小标宋简体";}
  /* Style Definitions */
  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
 	{margin:0cm;
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 h1
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 1 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 1 Char";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ h1
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h2
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 2 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 2 Char";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ h2
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h3
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 3 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ h3
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h4
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 4 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 4 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ h4
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h5
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 5 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 5 Char";
 	margin-top:14.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:14.5pt;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ h5
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h6
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 6 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 6 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ h6
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 7 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 7 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 8 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 8 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.MsoHeading9, li.MsoHeading9, div.MsoHeading9
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 9 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 9 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -330,20 +330,20 @@ p.MsoToc9, li.MsoToc9, div.MsoToc9
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע�ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"脚注文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoCommentText, li.MsoCommentText, div.MsoCommentText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注文字 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳü Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页眉 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -353,14 +353,14 @@ p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页脚 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoIndexHeading, li.MsoIndexHeading, div.MsoIndexHeading
-	{mso-style-name:"��������\,������Ŀ\,������Ŀ1\,������Ŀ2";
+	{mso-style-name:"索引标题\,索引类目\,索引类目1\,索引类目2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ p.MsoList4, li.MsoList4, div.MsoList4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
-	{mso-style-link:"���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"日期 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -422,36 +422,36 @@ p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
-	{mso-style-name:"������\,��������";
+	{mso-style-name:"超链接\,超级链接";
 	color:blue;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
 	{color:purple;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 p
-	{mso-style-name:"��ͨ\(��վ\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)1\,��ͨ \(Web\)2\,��ͨ \(Web\)3";
+	{mso-style-name:"普通\(网站\)\,普通 \(Web\)\,普通 \(Web\)1\,普通 \(Web\)2\,普通 \(Web\)3";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 pre
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 tt
-	{font-family:����;}
+	{font-family:黑体;}
 p.MsoCommentSubject, li.MsoCommentSubject, div.MsoCommentSubject
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注主题 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注框文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1, li.1, div.1
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ1;
+	{mso-style-name:样式1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -470,30 +470,30 @@ p.1, li.1, div.1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a, li.a, div.a
-	{mso-style-name:�������;
-	mso-style-link:"������� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序;
+	mso-style-link:"代码程序 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Char
-	{mso-style-name:"������� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"代码程序 Char";
+	mso-style-link:代码程序;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a0, li.a0, div.a0
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.0, li.0, div.0
-	{mso-style-name:����0;
+	{mso-style-name:封面0;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ p.0, li.0, div.0
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.10, li.10, div.10
-	{mso-style-name:����1;
+	{mso-style-name:封面1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -509,25 +509,25 @@ p.10, li.10, div.10
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.11, li.11, div.11
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���1;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a1, li.a1, div.a1
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -535,11 +535,11 @@ p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.post, li.post, div.post
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ p.post, li.post, div.post
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3, li.3, div.3
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -555,44 +555,44 @@ p.3, li.3, div.3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar1CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar1CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char, li.5Char, div.5Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5CharChar0, li.5CharChar0, div.5CharChar0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char0, li.5Char0, div.5Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5, li.5, div.5
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -600,28 +600,28 @@ p.5, li.5, div.5
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.2, li.2, div.2
-	{mso-style-name:�������2;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.20, li.20, div.20
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.21, li.21, div.21
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -629,18 +629,18 @@ p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a2, li.a2, div.a2
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ����;
+	{mso-style-name:图居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.110, li.110, div.110
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����1";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中1";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -649,32 +649,32 @@ p.110, li.110, div.110
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.1Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 1 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 1";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 1 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 1";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.22, li.22, div.22
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ �б� 2 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 列表 2 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.23, li.23, div.23
-	{mso-style-name:�б�2;
+	{mso-style-name:列表2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.50, li.50, div.50
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.111, li.111, div.111
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ11;
+	{mso-style-name:样式11;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -685,20 +685,20 @@ p.111, li.111, div.111
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.12, li.12, div.12
-	{mso-style-name:�������1;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.13, li.13, div.13
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.01, li.01, div.01
-	{mso-style-name:����01;
+	{mso-style-name:封面01;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ p.01, li.01, div.01
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.112, li.112, div.112
-	{mso-style-name:����11;
+	{mso-style-name:封面11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -714,24 +714,24 @@ p.112, li.112, div.112
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.113, li.113, div.113
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���11;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题11;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.14, li.14, div.14
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post1;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.31, li.31, div.31
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������31;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体31;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -755,35 +755,35 @@ p.31, li.31, div.31
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char1, li.5Char1, div.5Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar1, li.5CharChar1, div.5CharChar1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char10, li.5Char10, div.5Char10
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.51, li.51, div.51
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.120, li.120, div.120
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ12;
+	{mso-style-name:样式12;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ p.120, li.120, div.120
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.02, li.02, div.02
-	{mso-style-name:����02;
+	{mso-style-name:封面02;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ p.02, li.02, div.02
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.121, li.121, div.121
-	{mso-style-name:����12;
+	{mso-style-name:封面12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -810,17 +810,17 @@ p.121, li.121, div.121
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.122, li.122, div.122
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���12;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题12;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@ p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post2;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.32, li.32, div.32
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������32;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体32;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -844,21 +844,21 @@ p.32, li.32, div.32
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char2, li.5Char2, div.5Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.52, li.52, div.52
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.130, li.130, div.130
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ13;
+	{mso-style-name:样式13;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -877,13 +877,13 @@ p.130, li.130, div.130
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.30, li.30, div.30
-	{mso-style-name:�������3;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.03, li.03, div.03
-	{mso-style-name:����03;
+	{mso-style-name:封面03;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ p.03, li.03, div.03
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.131, li.131, div.131
-	{mso-style-name:����13;
+	{mso-style-name:封面13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -899,24 +899,24 @@ p.131, li.131, div.131
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.132, li.132, div.132
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���13;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题13;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.33, li.33, div.33
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post3;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -932,7 +932,7 @@ p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.330, li.330, div.330
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������33;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体33;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -940,36 +940,36 @@ p.330, li.330, div.330
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char20, li.5Char20, div.5Char20
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar2, li.5CharChar2, div.5CharChar2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char3, li.5Char3, div.5Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.53, li.53, div.53
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -977,11 +977,11 @@ p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar5
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.54, li.54, div.54
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5紧密;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:9.0pt;
@@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ p.54, li.54, div.54
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.24, li.24, div.24
-	{mso-style-name:����2�Ŵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:居中2号粗宋体;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ p.24, li.24, div.24
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.15, li.15, div.15
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1008,7 +1008,7 @@ p.15, li.15, div.15
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.25, li.25, div.25
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 2 + �о�\: �����о�";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 2 + 行距\: 单倍行距";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1021,33 +1021,33 @@ p.25, li.25, div.25
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.2Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 2 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 2";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 2 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 2";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.34, li.34, div.34
-	{mso-style-name:�б�3;
+	{mso-style-name:列表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.35, li.35, div.35
-	{mso-style-name:��3;
+	{mso-style-name:表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.4, li.4, div.4
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��4;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.40, li.40, div.40
-	{mso-style-name:�б�4;
+	{mso-style-name:列表4;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1058,166 +1058,166 @@ p.40, li.40, div.40
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.41, li.41, div.41
-	{mso-style-name:��4;
+	{mso-style-name:表4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.55, li.55, div.55
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��5;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.56, li.56, div.56
-	{mso-style-name:�б�5;
+	{mso-style-name:列表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.57, li.57, div.57
-	{mso-style-name:��5;
+	{mso-style-name:表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.6, li.6, div.6
-	{mso-style-name:�б�6;
+	{mso-style-name:列表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.60, li.60, div.60
-	{mso-style-name:��6;
+	{mso-style-name:表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.61, li.61, div.61
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��6;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.7, li.7, div.7
-	{mso-style-name:�б�7;
+	{mso-style-name:列表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.70, li.70, div.70
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��7;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.71, li.71, div.71
-	{mso-style-name:��7;
+	{mso-style-name:表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.8, li.8, div.8
-	{mso-style-name:�б�8;
+	{mso-style-name:列表8;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.9, li.9, div.9
-	{mso-style-name:�б�9;
+	{mso-style-name:列表9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.90, li.90, div.90
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��9;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.100, li.100, div.100
-	{mso-style-name:�б�10;
+	{mso-style-name:列表10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.101, li.101, div.101
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��10;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.114, li.114, div.114
-	{mso-style-name:�б�11;
+	{mso-style-name:列表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.115, li.115, div.115
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��11;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.116, li.116, div.116
-	{mso-style-name:��11;
+	{mso-style-name:表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.123, li.123, div.123
-	{mso-style-name:�б�12;
+	{mso-style-name:列表12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.124, li.124, div.124
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��12;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.133, li.133, div.133
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��13;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明13;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明13 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.13Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��13;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明13 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明13;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.134, li.134, div.134
-	{mso-style-name:�б�13;
+	{mso-style-name:列表13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.26, li.26, div.26
-	{mso-style-name:��¼2;
+	{mso-style-name:附录2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@ p.26, li.26, div.26
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.36, li.36, div.36
-	{mso-style-name:��¼3;
+	{mso-style-name:附录3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1239,12 +1239,12 @@ p.36, li.36, div.36
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.3Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 3";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 3";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.16, li.16, div.16
-	{mso-style-name:��¼1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1255,14 +1255,14 @@ p.16, li.16, div.16
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.17, li.17, div.17
-	{mso-style-name:��¼��1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录表1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.42, li.42, div.42
-	{mso-style-name:��¼4;
+	{mso-style-name:附录4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1272,19 +1272,19 @@ p.42, li.42, div.42
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.4Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 4 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 4";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 4 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 4";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a3, li.a3, div.a3
-	{mso-style-name:��¼ͼ˵��;
+	{mso-style-name:附录图说明;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.27, li.27, div.27
-	{mso-style-name:�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1297,7 +1297,7 @@ p.27, li.27, div.27
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
-	{mso-style-name:�ο�����;
+	{mso-style-name:参考标题;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1308,7 +1308,7 @@ p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.18, li.18, div.18
-	{mso-style-name:��������1;
+	{mso-style-name:索引标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1319,7 +1319,7 @@ p.18, li.18, div.18
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.19, li.19, div.19
-	{mso-style-name:�б�1;
+	{mso-style-name:列表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ p.19, li.19, div.19
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
-	{mso-style-name:��1;
+	{mso-style-name:表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1341,14 +1341,14 @@ p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.37, li.37, div.37
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.62, li.62, div.62
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中字体6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1357,8 +1357,8 @@ p.62, li.62, div.62
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
-	{mso-style-name:���Ĵ���;
-	mso-style-link:"���Ĵ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:正文代码;
+	mso-style-link:"正文代码 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1366,11 +1366,11 @@ p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"���Ĵ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:���Ĵ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"正文代码 Char";
+	mso-style-link:正文代码;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.43, li.43, div.43
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 4 +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 4 +";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1380,7 +1380,7 @@ p.43, li.43, div.43
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.140, li.140, div.140
-	{mso-style-name:��14;
+	{mso-style-name:表14;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1391,8 +1391,8 @@ p.140, li.140, div.140
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.141, li.141, div.141
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��14;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明14;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明14 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1403,11 +1403,11 @@ p.141, li.141, div.141
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.14Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��14;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明14 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明14;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ�Ŀ¼��;
+	{mso-style-name:文件目录表;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1415,8 +1415,8 @@ p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� +";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 +";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 + Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1424,39 +1424,39 @@ p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 + Char";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 +";
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a8, li.a8, div.a8
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:表格题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a9, li.a9, div.a9
-	{mso-style-name:�б���ע;
+	{mso-style-name:列表题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.aa, li.aa, div.aa
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��ע;
+	{mso-style-name:图题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ab, li.ab, div.ab
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:程序题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
-	{mso-style-name:��������;
+	{mso-style-name:框中文字;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:21.0pt;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1469,7 +1469,7 @@ p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.125, li.125, div.125
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����2";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中2";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1480,14 +1480,14 @@ p.125, li.125, div.125
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.ad, li.ad, div.ad
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ���� ��� ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 宋体 五号 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
-	{mso-style-name:�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1498,16 +1498,16 @@ p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.38, li.38, div.38
-	{mso-style-name:�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
-	font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 p.63, li.63, div.63
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1515,7 +1515,7 @@ p.63, li.63, div.63
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.64, li.64, div.64
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6�������;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号左对齐;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:10.0pt;
@@ -1523,8 +1523,8 @@ p.64, li.64, div.64
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.65, li.65, div.65
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������6�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号;
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字6号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1533,11 +1533,11 @@ p.65, li.65, div.65
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.6Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������6�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ������6��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字6号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图中文字6号;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��;
+	{mso-style-name:图标;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1545,7 +1545,7 @@ p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.28, li.28, div.28
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图标2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ p.28, li.28, div.28
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af, li.af, div.af
-	{mso-style-name:ϰ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:习题标题;
 	margin-top:6.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1563,9 +1563,9 @@ p.af, li.af, div.af
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:14.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
-	{mso-style-name:���ֱ��1;
+	{mso-style-name:部分编号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1573,14 +1573,14 @@ p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
 	font-size:16.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af0, li.af0, div.af0
-	{mso-style-name:������;
+	{mso-style-name:表标题;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.af1, li.af1, div.af1
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1629,7 +1629,7 @@ p.RightText, li.RightText, div.RightText
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
-	{mso-style-name:��������С��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字小五;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1637,8 +1637,8 @@ p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
-	{mso-style-name:�ؼ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ؼ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:关键词;
+	mso-style-link:"关键词 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1646,12 +1646,12 @@ p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"�ؼ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ؼ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"关键词 Char";
+	mso-style-link:关键词;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ļ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:文件名;
+	mso-style-link:"文件名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1659,12 +1659,12 @@ p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"�ļ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ļ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"文件名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:文件名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
-	{mso-style-name:ѡ��;
-	mso-style-link:"ѡ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:选项;
+	mso-style-link:"选项 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1672,12 +1672,12 @@ p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char5
-	{mso-style-name:"ѡ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ѡ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"选项 Char";
+	mso-style-link:选项;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:命令行;
+	mso-style-link:"命令行 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1685,12 +1685,12 @@ p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char6
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"命令行 Char";
+	mso-style-link:命令行;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:函数名;
+	mso-style-link:"函数名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1698,12 +1698,12 @@ p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char7
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"函数名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:函数名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
-	{mso-style-name:�Ĵ�����;
-	mso-style-link:"�Ĵ����� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:寄存器名;
+	mso-style-link:"寄存器名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1711,12 +1711,12 @@ p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char8
-	{mso-style-name:"�Ĵ����� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�Ĵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:"寄存器名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:寄存器名;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:变量名;
+	mso-style-link:"变量名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1724,83 +1724,83 @@ p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char9
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"变量名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:变量名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.58, li.58, div.58
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.59, li.59, div.59
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5�ſ���;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号靠左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.926, li.926, div.926
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ������� + ���\:  9\.26 ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 代码程序 + 左侧\:  9\.26 厘米";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 5 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 5";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 5 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 5";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.6Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 6 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 6";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 6 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 6";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.7Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 7 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 7";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 7 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 7";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.8Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 8 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 8";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 8 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 8";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.9Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 9 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 9";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 9 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 9";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.Chara
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע�ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע�ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"脚注文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:脚注文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charb
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注文字 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注文字;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charc
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳü Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳü;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页眉 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页眉;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chard
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页脚 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页脚;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chare
-	{mso-style-name:"���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"日期 Char";
+	mso-style-link:日期;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.HTMLChar
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charf
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;
+	{mso-style-name:"批注主题 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注主题;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.Charf0
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע���ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注框文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注框文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 .MsoChpDefault
 	{font-size:10.0pt;}
  /* Page Definitions */
@@ -1825,7 +1825,7 @@ ul
 <div class=WordSection1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
 
 <p class=ab><a name="_Toc56863283"></a><a name="_Toc53320691"><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-1 linux/lib/_exit.c</span></a></p>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-1 linux/lib/_exit.c</span></a></p>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -1849,33 +1849,33 @@ linux/lib/_exit.c</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__LIBRARY__</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����һ�����ų�����������˵����</p>
+// </span>定义一个符号常量，见下行说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>��׼ͷ�ļ��������˸��ַ��ų��������ͣ��������˸��ֺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>标准头文件。定义了各种符号常数和类型，并声明了各种函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��������<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>���򻹺�ϵͳ���úź���Ƕ���<span
-lang=EN-US>syscall0()</span>�ȡ�</p>
+// </span>若定义了<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>，则还含系统调用号和内嵌汇编<span
+lang=EN-US>syscall0()</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ں�ʹ�õĳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�˳�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��ֹ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>内核使用的程序<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>退出<span lang=EN-US>)</span>终止函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֱ�ӵ���ϵͳ�ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>�����ܺ�<span lang=EN-US>__NR_exit</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>直接调用系统中断<span
+lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>，功能号<span lang=EN-US>__NR_exit</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>exit_code
-- </span>�˳��롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>exit_code
+- </span>退出码。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ǰ�Ĺؼ���<span
-lang=EN-US>volatile</span>���ڸ��߱�����<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>�ú������᷵�ء���������<span
-lang=EN-US>gcc</span>��������һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>函数名前的关键字<span
+lang=EN-US>volatile</span>用于告诉编译器<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>该函数不会返回。这样可让<span
+lang=EN-US>gcc</span>产生更好一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Щ�Ĵ��룬����Ҫ����ʹ������ؼ��ֿ��Ա������ĳЩ��δ��ʼ�������ģ��پ�����Ϣ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>些的代码，更重要的是使用这个关键字可以避免产生某些（未初始化变量的）假警告信息。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ͬ��<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>�ĺ�������˵����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等同于<span lang=EN-US>gcc</span>的函数属性说明：<span
 lang=EN-US>void do_exit(int error_code) __attribute__ ((noreturn));</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
@@ -1883,9 +1883,9 @@ volatile void <u><span style='color:blue'>_exit</span></u>(int exit_code)</span>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u> {</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(</span>ϵͳ���ú�<span
-lang=EN-US>__NR_exit)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - ebx(</span>�˳���<span
-lang=EN-US>exit_code)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(</span>系统调用号<span
+lang=EN-US>__NR_exit)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - ebx(</span>退出码<span
+lang=EN-US>exit_code)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 __asm__(<i>&quot;int $0x80&quot;</i>::<i>&quot;a&quot;</i> (<u><span
diff --git a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-10.html b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-10.html
index 7f45f76..fd983e4 100644
--- a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-10.html
+++ b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-10.html
@@ -10,24 +10,24 @@
 	{font-family:Wingdings;
 	panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:宋体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	{font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@黑体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@宋体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����С���μ���";}
+	{font-family:"\@方正小标宋简体";}
  /* Style Definitions */
  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
 	{margin:0cm;
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 h1
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 1 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 1 Char";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ h1
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h2
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 2 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 2 Char";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ h2
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h3
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 3 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ h3
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h4
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 4 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 4 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ h4
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h5
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 5 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 5 Char";
 	margin-top:14.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:14.5pt;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ h5
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h6
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 6 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 6 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ h6
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 7 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 7 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 8 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 8 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.MsoHeading9, li.MsoHeading9, div.MsoHeading9
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 9 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 9 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -330,20 +330,20 @@ p.MsoToc9, li.MsoToc9, div.MsoToc9
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע�ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"脚注文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoCommentText, li.MsoCommentText, div.MsoCommentText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注文字 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳü Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页眉 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -353,14 +353,14 @@ p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页脚 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoIndexHeading, li.MsoIndexHeading, div.MsoIndexHeading
-	{mso-style-name:"��������\,������Ŀ\,������Ŀ1\,������Ŀ2";
+	{mso-style-name:"索引标题\,索引类目\,索引类目1\,索引类目2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ p.MsoList4, li.MsoList4, div.MsoList4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
-	{mso-style-link:"���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"日期 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -422,36 +422,36 @@ p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
-	{mso-style-name:"������\,��������";
+	{mso-style-name:"超链接\,超级链接";
 	color:blue;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
 	{color:purple;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 p
-	{mso-style-name:"��ͨ\(��վ\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)1\,��ͨ \(Web\)2\,��ͨ \(Web\)3";
+	{mso-style-name:"普通\(网站\)\,普通 \(Web\)\,普通 \(Web\)1\,普通 \(Web\)2\,普通 \(Web\)3";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 pre
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 tt
-	{font-family:����;}
+	{font-family:黑体;}
 p.MsoCommentSubject, li.MsoCommentSubject, div.MsoCommentSubject
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注主题 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注框文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1, li.1, div.1
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ1;
+	{mso-style-name:样式1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -470,30 +470,30 @@ p.1, li.1, div.1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a, li.a, div.a
-	{mso-style-name:�������;
-	mso-style-link:"������� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序;
+	mso-style-link:"代码程序 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Char
-	{mso-style-name:"������� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"代码程序 Char";
+	mso-style-link:代码程序;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a0, li.a0, div.a0
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.0, li.0, div.0
-	{mso-style-name:����0;
+	{mso-style-name:封面0;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ p.0, li.0, div.0
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.10, li.10, div.10
-	{mso-style-name:����1;
+	{mso-style-name:封面1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -509,25 +509,25 @@ p.10, li.10, div.10
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.11, li.11, div.11
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���1;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a1, li.a1, div.a1
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -535,11 +535,11 @@ p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.post, li.post, div.post
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ p.post, li.post, div.post
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3, li.3, div.3
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -555,44 +555,44 @@ p.3, li.3, div.3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar1CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar1CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char, li.5Char, div.5Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5CharChar0, li.5CharChar0, div.5CharChar0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char0, li.5Char0, div.5Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5, li.5, div.5
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -600,28 +600,28 @@ p.5, li.5, div.5
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.2, li.2, div.2
-	{mso-style-name:�������2;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.20, li.20, div.20
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.21, li.21, div.21
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -629,18 +629,18 @@ p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a2, li.a2, div.a2
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ����;
+	{mso-style-name:图居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.110, li.110, div.110
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����1";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中1";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -649,32 +649,32 @@ p.110, li.110, div.110
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.1Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 1 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 1";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 1 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 1";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.22, li.22, div.22
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ �б� 2 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 列表 2 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.23, li.23, div.23
-	{mso-style-name:�б�2;
+	{mso-style-name:列表2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.50, li.50, div.50
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.111, li.111, div.111
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ11;
+	{mso-style-name:样式11;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -685,20 +685,20 @@ p.111, li.111, div.111
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.12, li.12, div.12
-	{mso-style-name:�������1;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.13, li.13, div.13
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.01, li.01, div.01
-	{mso-style-name:����01;
+	{mso-style-name:封面01;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ p.01, li.01, div.01
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.112, li.112, div.112
-	{mso-style-name:����11;
+	{mso-style-name:封面11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -714,24 +714,24 @@ p.112, li.112, div.112
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.113, li.113, div.113
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���11;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题11;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.14, li.14, div.14
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post1;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.31, li.31, div.31
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������31;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体31;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -755,35 +755,35 @@ p.31, li.31, div.31
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char1, li.5Char1, div.5Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar1, li.5CharChar1, div.5CharChar1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char10, li.5Char10, div.5Char10
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.51, li.51, div.51
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.120, li.120, div.120
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ12;
+	{mso-style-name:样式12;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ p.120, li.120, div.120
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.02, li.02, div.02
-	{mso-style-name:����02;
+	{mso-style-name:封面02;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ p.02, li.02, div.02
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.121, li.121, div.121
-	{mso-style-name:����12;
+	{mso-style-name:封面12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -810,17 +810,17 @@ p.121, li.121, div.121
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.122, li.122, div.122
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���12;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题12;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@ p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post2;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.32, li.32, div.32
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������32;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体32;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -844,21 +844,21 @@ p.32, li.32, div.32
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char2, li.5Char2, div.5Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.52, li.52, div.52
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.130, li.130, div.130
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ13;
+	{mso-style-name:样式13;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -877,13 +877,13 @@ p.130, li.130, div.130
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.30, li.30, div.30
-	{mso-style-name:�������3;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.03, li.03, div.03
-	{mso-style-name:����03;
+	{mso-style-name:封面03;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ p.03, li.03, div.03
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.131, li.131, div.131
-	{mso-style-name:����13;
+	{mso-style-name:封面13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -899,24 +899,24 @@ p.131, li.131, div.131
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.132, li.132, div.132
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���13;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题13;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.33, li.33, div.33
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post3;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -932,7 +932,7 @@ p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.330, li.330, div.330
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������33;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体33;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -940,36 +940,36 @@ p.330, li.330, div.330
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char20, li.5Char20, div.5Char20
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar2, li.5CharChar2, div.5CharChar2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char3, li.5Char3, div.5Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.53, li.53, div.53
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -977,11 +977,11 @@ p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar5
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.54, li.54, div.54
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5紧密;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:9.0pt;
@@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ p.54, li.54, div.54
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.24, li.24, div.24
-	{mso-style-name:����2�Ŵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:居中2号粗宋体;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ p.24, li.24, div.24
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.15, li.15, div.15
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1008,7 +1008,7 @@ p.15, li.15, div.15
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.25, li.25, div.25
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 2 + �о�\: �����о�";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 2 + 行距\: 单倍行距";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1021,33 +1021,33 @@ p.25, li.25, div.25
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.2Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 2 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 2";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 2 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 2";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.34, li.34, div.34
-	{mso-style-name:�б�3;
+	{mso-style-name:列表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.35, li.35, div.35
-	{mso-style-name:��3;
+	{mso-style-name:表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.4, li.4, div.4
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��4;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.40, li.40, div.40
-	{mso-style-name:�б�4;
+	{mso-style-name:列表4;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1058,166 +1058,166 @@ p.40, li.40, div.40
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.41, li.41, div.41
-	{mso-style-name:��4;
+	{mso-style-name:表4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.55, li.55, div.55
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��5;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.56, li.56, div.56
-	{mso-style-name:�б�5;
+	{mso-style-name:列表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.57, li.57, div.57
-	{mso-style-name:��5;
+	{mso-style-name:表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.6, li.6, div.6
-	{mso-style-name:�б�6;
+	{mso-style-name:列表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.60, li.60, div.60
-	{mso-style-name:��6;
+	{mso-style-name:表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.61, li.61, div.61
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��6;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.7, li.7, div.7
-	{mso-style-name:�б�7;
+	{mso-style-name:列表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.70, li.70, div.70
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��7;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.71, li.71, div.71
-	{mso-style-name:��7;
+	{mso-style-name:表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.8, li.8, div.8
-	{mso-style-name:�б�8;
+	{mso-style-name:列表8;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.9, li.9, div.9
-	{mso-style-name:�б�9;
+	{mso-style-name:列表9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.90, li.90, div.90
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��9;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.100, li.100, div.100
-	{mso-style-name:�б�10;
+	{mso-style-name:列表10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.101, li.101, div.101
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��10;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.114, li.114, div.114
-	{mso-style-name:�б�11;
+	{mso-style-name:列表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.115, li.115, div.115
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��11;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.116, li.116, div.116
-	{mso-style-name:��11;
+	{mso-style-name:表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.123, li.123, div.123
-	{mso-style-name:�б�12;
+	{mso-style-name:列表12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.124, li.124, div.124
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��12;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.133, li.133, div.133
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��13;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明13;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明13 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.13Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��13;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明13 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明13;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.134, li.134, div.134
-	{mso-style-name:�б�13;
+	{mso-style-name:列表13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.26, li.26, div.26
-	{mso-style-name:��¼2;
+	{mso-style-name:附录2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@ p.26, li.26, div.26
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.36, li.36, div.36
-	{mso-style-name:��¼3;
+	{mso-style-name:附录3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1239,12 +1239,12 @@ p.36, li.36, div.36
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.3Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 3";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 3";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.16, li.16, div.16
-	{mso-style-name:��¼1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1255,14 +1255,14 @@ p.16, li.16, div.16
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.17, li.17, div.17
-	{mso-style-name:��¼��1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录表1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.42, li.42, div.42
-	{mso-style-name:��¼4;
+	{mso-style-name:附录4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1272,19 +1272,19 @@ p.42, li.42, div.42
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.4Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 4 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 4";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 4 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 4";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a3, li.a3, div.a3
-	{mso-style-name:��¼ͼ˵��;
+	{mso-style-name:附录图说明;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.27, li.27, div.27
-	{mso-style-name:�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1297,7 +1297,7 @@ p.27, li.27, div.27
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
-	{mso-style-name:�ο�����;
+	{mso-style-name:参考标题;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1308,7 +1308,7 @@ p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.18, li.18, div.18
-	{mso-style-name:��������1;
+	{mso-style-name:索引标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1319,7 +1319,7 @@ p.18, li.18, div.18
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.19, li.19, div.19
-	{mso-style-name:�б�1;
+	{mso-style-name:列表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ p.19, li.19, div.19
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
-	{mso-style-name:��1;
+	{mso-style-name:表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1341,14 +1341,14 @@ p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.37, li.37, div.37
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.62, li.62, div.62
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中字体6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1357,8 +1357,8 @@ p.62, li.62, div.62
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
-	{mso-style-name:���Ĵ���;
-	mso-style-link:"���Ĵ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:正文代码;
+	mso-style-link:"正文代码 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1366,11 +1366,11 @@ p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"���Ĵ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:���Ĵ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"正文代码 Char";
+	mso-style-link:正文代码;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.43, li.43, div.43
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 4 +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 4 +";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1380,7 +1380,7 @@ p.43, li.43, div.43
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.140, li.140, div.140
-	{mso-style-name:��14;
+	{mso-style-name:表14;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1391,8 +1391,8 @@ p.140, li.140, div.140
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.141, li.141, div.141
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��14;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明14;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明14 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1403,11 +1403,11 @@ p.141, li.141, div.141
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.14Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��14;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明14 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明14;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ�Ŀ¼��;
+	{mso-style-name:文件目录表;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1415,8 +1415,8 @@ p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� +";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 +";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 + Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1424,39 +1424,39 @@ p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 + Char";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 +";
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a8, li.a8, div.a8
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:表格题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a9, li.a9, div.a9
-	{mso-style-name:�б���ע;
+	{mso-style-name:列表题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.aa, li.aa, div.aa
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��ע;
+	{mso-style-name:图题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ab, li.ab, div.ab
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:程序题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
-	{mso-style-name:��������;
+	{mso-style-name:框中文字;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:21.0pt;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1469,7 +1469,7 @@ p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.125, li.125, div.125
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����2";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中2";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1480,14 +1480,14 @@ p.125, li.125, div.125
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.ad, li.ad, div.ad
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ���� ��� ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 宋体 五号 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
-	{mso-style-name:�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1498,16 +1498,16 @@ p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.38, li.38, div.38
-	{mso-style-name:�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
-	font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 p.63, li.63, div.63
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1515,7 +1515,7 @@ p.63, li.63, div.63
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.64, li.64, div.64
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6�������;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号左对齐;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:10.0pt;
@@ -1523,8 +1523,8 @@ p.64, li.64, div.64
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.65, li.65, div.65
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������6�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号;
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字6号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1533,11 +1533,11 @@ p.65, li.65, div.65
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.6Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������6�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ������6��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字6号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图中文字6号;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��;
+	{mso-style-name:图标;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1545,7 +1545,7 @@ p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.28, li.28, div.28
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图标2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ p.28, li.28, div.28
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af, li.af, div.af
-	{mso-style-name:ϰ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:习题标题;
 	margin-top:6.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1563,9 +1563,9 @@ p.af, li.af, div.af
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:14.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
-	{mso-style-name:���ֱ��1;
+	{mso-style-name:部分编号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1573,14 +1573,14 @@ p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
 	font-size:16.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af0, li.af0, div.af0
-	{mso-style-name:������;
+	{mso-style-name:表标题;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.af1, li.af1, div.af1
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1629,7 +1629,7 @@ p.RightText, li.RightText, div.RightText
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
-	{mso-style-name:��������С��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字小五;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1637,8 +1637,8 @@ p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
-	{mso-style-name:�ؼ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ؼ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:关键词;
+	mso-style-link:"关键词 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1646,12 +1646,12 @@ p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"�ؼ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ؼ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"关键词 Char";
+	mso-style-link:关键词;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ļ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:文件名;
+	mso-style-link:"文件名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1659,12 +1659,12 @@ p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"�ļ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ļ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"文件名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:文件名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
-	{mso-style-name:ѡ��;
-	mso-style-link:"ѡ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:选项;
+	mso-style-link:"选项 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1672,12 +1672,12 @@ p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char5
-	{mso-style-name:"ѡ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ѡ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"选项 Char";
+	mso-style-link:选项;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:命令行;
+	mso-style-link:"命令行 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1685,12 +1685,12 @@ p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char6
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"命令行 Char";
+	mso-style-link:命令行;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:函数名;
+	mso-style-link:"函数名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1698,12 +1698,12 @@ p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char7
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"函数名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:函数名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
-	{mso-style-name:�Ĵ�����;
-	mso-style-link:"�Ĵ����� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:寄存器名;
+	mso-style-link:"寄存器名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1711,12 +1711,12 @@ p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char8
-	{mso-style-name:"�Ĵ����� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�Ĵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:"寄存器名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:寄存器名;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:变量名;
+	mso-style-link:"变量名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1724,83 +1724,83 @@ p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char9
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"变量名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:变量名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.58, li.58, div.58
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.59, li.59, div.59
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5�ſ���;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号靠左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.926, li.926, div.926
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ������� + ���\:  9\.26 ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 代码程序 + 左侧\:  9\.26 厘米";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 5 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 5";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 5 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 5";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.6Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 6 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 6";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 6 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 6";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.7Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 7 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 7";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 7 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 7";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.8Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 8 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 8";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 8 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 8";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.9Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 9 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 9";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 9 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 9";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.Chara
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע�ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע�ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"脚注文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:脚注文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charb
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注文字 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注文字;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charc
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳü Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳü;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页眉 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页眉;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chard
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页脚 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页脚;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chare
-	{mso-style-name:"���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"日期 Char";
+	mso-style-link:日期;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.HTMLChar
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charf
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;
+	{mso-style-name:"批注主题 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注主题;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.Charf0
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע���ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注框文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注框文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 .MsoChpDefault
 	{font-size:10.0pt;}
  /* Page Definitions */
@@ -1825,7 +1825,7 @@ ul
 <div class=WordSection1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
 
 <p class=ab><a name="_Toc56863292"></a><a name="_Toc53320700"><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-10 linux/lib/string.c</span></a></p>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-10 linux/lib/string.c</span></a></p>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -1849,7 +1849,7 @@ linux/lib/string.c</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
 #ifndef __GNUC__&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��Ҫ<span lang=EN-US>GNU</span>��<span lang=EN-US>C</span>���������롣</p>
+// </span>需要<span lang=EN-US>GNU</span>的<span lang=EN-US>C</span>编译器编译。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
 #error I want gcc!</span></p>
diff --git a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-11.html b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-11.html
index 2efc32b..dd06233 100644
--- a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-11.html
+++ b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-11.html
@@ -10,24 +10,24 @@
 	{font-family:Wingdings;
 	panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:宋体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	{font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@黑体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@宋体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����С���μ���";}
+	{font-family:"\@方正小标宋简体";}
  /* Style Definitions */
  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
 	{margin:0cm;
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 h1
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 1 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 1 Char";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ h1
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h2
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 2 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 2 Char";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ h2
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h3
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 3 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ h3
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h4
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 4 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 4 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ h4
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h5
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 5 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 5 Char";
 	margin-top:14.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:14.5pt;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ h5
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h6
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 6 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 6 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ h6
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 7 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 7 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 8 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 8 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.MsoHeading9, li.MsoHeading9, div.MsoHeading9
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 9 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 9 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -330,20 +330,20 @@ p.MsoToc9, li.MsoToc9, div.MsoToc9
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע�ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"脚注文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoCommentText, li.MsoCommentText, div.MsoCommentText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注文字 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳü Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页眉 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -353,14 +353,14 @@ p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页脚 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoIndexHeading, li.MsoIndexHeading, div.MsoIndexHeading
-	{mso-style-name:"��������\,������Ŀ\,������Ŀ1\,������Ŀ2";
+	{mso-style-name:"索引标题\,索引类目\,索引类目1\,索引类目2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ p.MsoList4, li.MsoList4, div.MsoList4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
-	{mso-style-link:"���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"日期 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -422,36 +422,36 @@ p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
-	{mso-style-name:"������\,��������";
+	{mso-style-name:"超链接\,超级链接";
 	color:blue;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
 	{color:purple;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 p
-	{mso-style-name:"��ͨ\(��վ\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)1\,��ͨ \(Web\)2\,��ͨ \(Web\)3";
+	{mso-style-name:"普通\(网站\)\,普通 \(Web\)\,普通 \(Web\)1\,普通 \(Web\)2\,普通 \(Web\)3";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 pre
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 tt
-	{font-family:����;}
+	{font-family:黑体;}
 p.MsoCommentSubject, li.MsoCommentSubject, div.MsoCommentSubject
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注主题 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注框文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1, li.1, div.1
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ1;
+	{mso-style-name:样式1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -470,30 +470,30 @@ p.1, li.1, div.1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a, li.a, div.a
-	{mso-style-name:�������;
-	mso-style-link:"������� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序;
+	mso-style-link:"代码程序 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Char
-	{mso-style-name:"������� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"代码程序 Char";
+	mso-style-link:代码程序;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a0, li.a0, div.a0
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.0, li.0, div.0
-	{mso-style-name:����0;
+	{mso-style-name:封面0;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ p.0, li.0, div.0
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.10, li.10, div.10
-	{mso-style-name:����1;
+	{mso-style-name:封面1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -509,25 +509,25 @@ p.10, li.10, div.10
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.11, li.11, div.11
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���1;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a1, li.a1, div.a1
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -535,11 +535,11 @@ p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.post, li.post, div.post
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ p.post, li.post, div.post
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3, li.3, div.3
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -555,44 +555,44 @@ p.3, li.3, div.3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar1CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar1CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char, li.5Char, div.5Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5CharChar0, li.5CharChar0, div.5CharChar0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char0, li.5Char0, div.5Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5, li.5, div.5
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -600,28 +600,28 @@ p.5, li.5, div.5
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.2, li.2, div.2
-	{mso-style-name:�������2;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.20, li.20, div.20
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.21, li.21, div.21
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -629,18 +629,18 @@ p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a2, li.a2, div.a2
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ����;
+	{mso-style-name:图居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.110, li.110, div.110
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����1";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中1";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -649,32 +649,32 @@ p.110, li.110, div.110
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.1Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 1 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 1";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 1 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 1";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.22, li.22, div.22
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ �б� 2 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 列表 2 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.23, li.23, div.23
-	{mso-style-name:�б�2;
+	{mso-style-name:列表2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.50, li.50, div.50
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.111, li.111, div.111
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ11;
+	{mso-style-name:样式11;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -685,20 +685,20 @@ p.111, li.111, div.111
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.12, li.12, div.12
-	{mso-style-name:�������1;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.13, li.13, div.13
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.01, li.01, div.01
-	{mso-style-name:����01;
+	{mso-style-name:封面01;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ p.01, li.01, div.01
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.112, li.112, div.112
-	{mso-style-name:����11;
+	{mso-style-name:封面11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -714,24 +714,24 @@ p.112, li.112, div.112
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.113, li.113, div.113
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���11;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题11;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.14, li.14, div.14
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post1;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.31, li.31, div.31
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������31;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体31;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -755,35 +755,35 @@ p.31, li.31, div.31
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char1, li.5Char1, div.5Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar1, li.5CharChar1, div.5CharChar1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char10, li.5Char10, div.5Char10
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.51, li.51, div.51
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.120, li.120, div.120
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ12;
+	{mso-style-name:样式12;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ p.120, li.120, div.120
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.02, li.02, div.02
-	{mso-style-name:����02;
+	{mso-style-name:封面02;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ p.02, li.02, div.02
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.121, li.121, div.121
-	{mso-style-name:����12;
+	{mso-style-name:封面12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -810,17 +810,17 @@ p.121, li.121, div.121
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.122, li.122, div.122
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���12;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题12;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@ p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post2;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.32, li.32, div.32
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������32;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体32;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -844,21 +844,21 @@ p.32, li.32, div.32
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char2, li.5Char2, div.5Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.52, li.52, div.52
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.130, li.130, div.130
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ13;
+	{mso-style-name:样式13;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -877,13 +877,13 @@ p.130, li.130, div.130
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.30, li.30, div.30
-	{mso-style-name:�������3;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.03, li.03, div.03
-	{mso-style-name:����03;
+	{mso-style-name:封面03;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ p.03, li.03, div.03
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.131, li.131, div.131
-	{mso-style-name:����13;
+	{mso-style-name:封面13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -899,24 +899,24 @@ p.131, li.131, div.131
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.132, li.132, div.132
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���13;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题13;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.33, li.33, div.33
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post3;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -932,7 +932,7 @@ p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.330, li.330, div.330
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������33;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体33;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -940,36 +940,36 @@ p.330, li.330, div.330
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char20, li.5Char20, div.5Char20
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar2, li.5CharChar2, div.5CharChar2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char3, li.5Char3, div.5Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.53, li.53, div.53
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -977,11 +977,11 @@ p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar5
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.54, li.54, div.54
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5紧密;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:9.0pt;
@@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ p.54, li.54, div.54
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.24, li.24, div.24
-	{mso-style-name:����2�Ŵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:居中2号粗宋体;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ p.24, li.24, div.24
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.15, li.15, div.15
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1008,7 +1008,7 @@ p.15, li.15, div.15
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.25, li.25, div.25
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 2 + �о�\: �����о�";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 2 + 行距\: 单倍行距";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1021,33 +1021,33 @@ p.25, li.25, div.25
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.2Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 2 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 2";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 2 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 2";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.34, li.34, div.34
-	{mso-style-name:�б�3;
+	{mso-style-name:列表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.35, li.35, div.35
-	{mso-style-name:��3;
+	{mso-style-name:表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.4, li.4, div.4
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��4;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.40, li.40, div.40
-	{mso-style-name:�б�4;
+	{mso-style-name:列表4;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1058,166 +1058,166 @@ p.40, li.40, div.40
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.41, li.41, div.41
-	{mso-style-name:��4;
+	{mso-style-name:表4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.55, li.55, div.55
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��5;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.56, li.56, div.56
-	{mso-style-name:�б�5;
+	{mso-style-name:列表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.57, li.57, div.57
-	{mso-style-name:��5;
+	{mso-style-name:表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.6, li.6, div.6
-	{mso-style-name:�б�6;
+	{mso-style-name:列表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.60, li.60, div.60
-	{mso-style-name:��6;
+	{mso-style-name:表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.61, li.61, div.61
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��6;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.7, li.7, div.7
-	{mso-style-name:�б�7;
+	{mso-style-name:列表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.70, li.70, div.70
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��7;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.71, li.71, div.71
-	{mso-style-name:��7;
+	{mso-style-name:表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.8, li.8, div.8
-	{mso-style-name:�б�8;
+	{mso-style-name:列表8;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.9, li.9, div.9
-	{mso-style-name:�б�9;
+	{mso-style-name:列表9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.90, li.90, div.90
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��9;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.100, li.100, div.100
-	{mso-style-name:�б�10;
+	{mso-style-name:列表10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.101, li.101, div.101
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��10;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.114, li.114, div.114
-	{mso-style-name:�б�11;
+	{mso-style-name:列表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.115, li.115, div.115
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��11;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.116, li.116, div.116
-	{mso-style-name:��11;
+	{mso-style-name:表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.123, li.123, div.123
-	{mso-style-name:�б�12;
+	{mso-style-name:列表12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.124, li.124, div.124
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��12;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.133, li.133, div.133
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��13;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明13;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明13 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.13Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��13;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明13 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明13;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.134, li.134, div.134
-	{mso-style-name:�б�13;
+	{mso-style-name:列表13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.26, li.26, div.26
-	{mso-style-name:��¼2;
+	{mso-style-name:附录2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@ p.26, li.26, div.26
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.36, li.36, div.36
-	{mso-style-name:��¼3;
+	{mso-style-name:附录3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1239,12 +1239,12 @@ p.36, li.36, div.36
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.3Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 3";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 3";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.16, li.16, div.16
-	{mso-style-name:��¼1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1255,14 +1255,14 @@ p.16, li.16, div.16
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.17, li.17, div.17
-	{mso-style-name:��¼��1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录表1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.42, li.42, div.42
-	{mso-style-name:��¼4;
+	{mso-style-name:附录4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1272,19 +1272,19 @@ p.42, li.42, div.42
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.4Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 4 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 4";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 4 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 4";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a3, li.a3, div.a3
-	{mso-style-name:��¼ͼ˵��;
+	{mso-style-name:附录图说明;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.27, li.27, div.27
-	{mso-style-name:�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1297,7 +1297,7 @@ p.27, li.27, div.27
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
-	{mso-style-name:�ο�����;
+	{mso-style-name:参考标题;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1308,7 +1308,7 @@ p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.18, li.18, div.18
-	{mso-style-name:��������1;
+	{mso-style-name:索引标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1319,7 +1319,7 @@ p.18, li.18, div.18
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.19, li.19, div.19
-	{mso-style-name:�б�1;
+	{mso-style-name:列表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ p.19, li.19, div.19
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
-	{mso-style-name:��1;
+	{mso-style-name:表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1341,14 +1341,14 @@ p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.37, li.37, div.37
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.62, li.62, div.62
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中字体6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1357,8 +1357,8 @@ p.62, li.62, div.62
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
-	{mso-style-name:���Ĵ���;
-	mso-style-link:"���Ĵ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:正文代码;
+	mso-style-link:"正文代码 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1366,11 +1366,11 @@ p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"���Ĵ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:���Ĵ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"正文代码 Char";
+	mso-style-link:正文代码;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.43, li.43, div.43
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 4 +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 4 +";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1380,7 +1380,7 @@ p.43, li.43, div.43
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.140, li.140, div.140
-	{mso-style-name:��14;
+	{mso-style-name:表14;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1391,8 +1391,8 @@ p.140, li.140, div.140
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.141, li.141, div.141
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��14;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明14;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明14 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1403,11 +1403,11 @@ p.141, li.141, div.141
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.14Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��14;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明14 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明14;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ�Ŀ¼��;
+	{mso-style-name:文件目录表;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1415,8 +1415,8 @@ p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� +";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 +";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 + Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1424,39 +1424,39 @@ p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 + Char";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 +";
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a8, li.a8, div.a8
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:表格题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a9, li.a9, div.a9
-	{mso-style-name:�б���ע;
+	{mso-style-name:列表题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.aa, li.aa, div.aa
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��ע;
+	{mso-style-name:图题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ab, li.ab, div.ab
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:程序题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
-	{mso-style-name:��������;
+	{mso-style-name:框中文字;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:21.0pt;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1469,7 +1469,7 @@ p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.125, li.125, div.125
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����2";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中2";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1480,14 +1480,14 @@ p.125, li.125, div.125
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.ad, li.ad, div.ad
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ���� ��� ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 宋体 五号 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
-	{mso-style-name:�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1498,16 +1498,16 @@ p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.38, li.38, div.38
-	{mso-style-name:�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
-	font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 p.63, li.63, div.63
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1515,7 +1515,7 @@ p.63, li.63, div.63
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.64, li.64, div.64
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6�������;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号左对齐;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:10.0pt;
@@ -1523,8 +1523,8 @@ p.64, li.64, div.64
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.65, li.65, div.65
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������6�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号;
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字6号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1533,11 +1533,11 @@ p.65, li.65, div.65
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.6Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������6�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ������6��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字6号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图中文字6号;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��;
+	{mso-style-name:图标;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1545,7 +1545,7 @@ p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.28, li.28, div.28
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图标2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ p.28, li.28, div.28
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af, li.af, div.af
-	{mso-style-name:ϰ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:习题标题;
 	margin-top:6.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1563,9 +1563,9 @@ p.af, li.af, div.af
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:14.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
-	{mso-style-name:���ֱ��1;
+	{mso-style-name:部分编号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1573,14 +1573,14 @@ p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
 	font-size:16.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af0, li.af0, div.af0
-	{mso-style-name:������;
+	{mso-style-name:表标题;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.af1, li.af1, div.af1
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1629,7 +1629,7 @@ p.RightText, li.RightText, div.RightText
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
-	{mso-style-name:��������С��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字小五;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1637,8 +1637,8 @@ p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
-	{mso-style-name:�ؼ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ؼ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:关键词;
+	mso-style-link:"关键词 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1646,12 +1646,12 @@ p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"�ؼ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ؼ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"关键词 Char";
+	mso-style-link:关键词;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ļ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:文件名;
+	mso-style-link:"文件名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1659,12 +1659,12 @@ p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"�ļ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ļ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"文件名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:文件名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
-	{mso-style-name:ѡ��;
-	mso-style-link:"ѡ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:选项;
+	mso-style-link:"选项 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1672,12 +1672,12 @@ p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char5
-	{mso-style-name:"ѡ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ѡ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"选项 Char";
+	mso-style-link:选项;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:命令行;
+	mso-style-link:"命令行 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1685,12 +1685,12 @@ p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char6
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"命令行 Char";
+	mso-style-link:命令行;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:函数名;
+	mso-style-link:"函数名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1698,12 +1698,12 @@ p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char7
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"函数名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:函数名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
-	{mso-style-name:�Ĵ�����;
-	mso-style-link:"�Ĵ����� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:寄存器名;
+	mso-style-link:"寄存器名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1711,12 +1711,12 @@ p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char8
-	{mso-style-name:"�Ĵ����� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�Ĵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:"寄存器名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:寄存器名;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:变量名;
+	mso-style-link:"变量名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1724,83 +1724,83 @@ p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char9
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"变量名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:变量名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.58, li.58, div.58
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.59, li.59, div.59
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5�ſ���;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号靠左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.926, li.926, div.926
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ������� + ���\:  9\.26 ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 代码程序 + 左侧\:  9\.26 厘米";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 5 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 5";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 5 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 5";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.6Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 6 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 6";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 6 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 6";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.7Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 7 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 7";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 7 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 7";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.8Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 8 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 8";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 8 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 8";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.9Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 9 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 9";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 9 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 9";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.Chara
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע�ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע�ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"脚注文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:脚注文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charb
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注文字 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注文字;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charc
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳü Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳü;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页眉 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页眉;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chard
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页脚 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页脚;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chare
-	{mso-style-name:"���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"日期 Char";
+	mso-style-link:日期;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.HTMLChar
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charf
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;
+	{mso-style-name:"批注主题 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注主题;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.Charf0
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע���ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注框文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注框文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 .MsoChpDefault
 	{font-size:10.0pt;}
  /* Page Definitions */
@@ -1825,7 +1825,7 @@ ul
 <div class=WordSection1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
 
 <p class=ab><a name="_Toc56863293"></a><a name="_Toc53320701"><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-11 linux/lib/wait.c</span></a></p>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-11 linux/lib/wait.c</span></a></p>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -1851,32 +1851,32 @@ linux/lib/wait.c</i></b></span></p>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__LIBRARY__</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>��׼ͷ�ļ��������˸��ַ��ų��������ͣ��������˸��ֺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>标准头文件。定义了各种符号常数和类型，并声明了各种函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�綨����<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>���򻹺�ϵͳ���úź���Ƕ���<span
-lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>�ȡ�</p>
+// </span>如定义了<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>，则还含系统调用号和内嵌汇编<span
+lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/wait.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ȴ�����ͷ�ļ�������ϵͳ����<span
-lang=EN-US>wait()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>����س������š�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/wait.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>等待调用头文件。定义系统调用<span
+lang=EN-US>wait()</span>和<span lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>及相关常数符号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ȴ�������ֹϵͳ���ú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>等待进程终止系统调用函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ṹ��Ӧ�ں�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该下面宏结构对应于函数：<span
 lang=EN-US>pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int * wait_stat, int options)</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>pid
-- </span>�ȴ�����ֹ���̵Ľ���<span lang=EN-US>id</span>������������ָ����������������ض���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>pid
+- </span>等待被终止进程的进程<span lang=EN-US>id</span>，或者是用于指定特殊情况的其他特定数值；</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; wait_stat - </span>���ڴ��״̬��Ϣ��<span
-lang=EN-US>options - WNOHANG</span>��<span lang=EN-US>WUNTRACED</span>����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; wait_stat - </span>用于存放状态信息；<span
+lang=EN-US>options - WNOHANG</span>或<span lang=EN-US>WUNTRACED</span>或是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_syscall3</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>pid_t</span></u>,<u><span
@@ -1885,8 +1885,8 @@ style='color:blue'>waitpid</span></u>,<u><span style='color:blue'>pid_t</span></
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>12</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// wait()</span>ϵͳ���á�ֱ�ӵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// wait()</span>系统调用。直接调用<span
+lang=EN-US>waitpid()</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>13</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>pid_t</span></u> <u><span style='color:blue'>wait</span></u>(int
diff --git a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-12.html b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-12.html
index 621ed6e..7564efb 100644
--- a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-12.html
+++ b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-12.html
@@ -10,24 +10,24 @@
 	{font-family:Wingdings;
 	panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:宋体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	{font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@黑体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@宋体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����С���μ���";}
+	{font-family:"\@方正小标宋简体";}
  /* Style Definitions */
  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
 	{margin:0cm;
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 h1
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 1 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 1 Char";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ h1
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h2
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 2 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 2 Char";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ h2
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h3
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 3 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ h3
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h4
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 4 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 4 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ h4
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h5
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 5 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 5 Char";
 	margin-top:14.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:14.5pt;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ h5
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h6
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 6 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 6 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ h6
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 7 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 7 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 8 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 8 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.MsoHeading9, li.MsoHeading9, div.MsoHeading9
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 9 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 9 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -330,20 +330,20 @@ p.MsoToc9, li.MsoToc9, div.MsoToc9
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע�ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"脚注文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoCommentText, li.MsoCommentText, div.MsoCommentText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注文字 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳü Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页眉 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -353,14 +353,14 @@ p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页脚 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoIndexHeading, li.MsoIndexHeading, div.MsoIndexHeading
-	{mso-style-name:"��������\,������Ŀ\,������Ŀ1\,������Ŀ2";
+	{mso-style-name:"索引标题\,索引类目\,索引类目1\,索引类目2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ p.MsoList4, li.MsoList4, div.MsoList4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
-	{mso-style-link:"���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"日期 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -422,36 +422,36 @@ p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
-	{mso-style-name:"������\,��������";
+	{mso-style-name:"超链接\,超级链接";
 	color:blue;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
 	{color:purple;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 p
-	{mso-style-name:"��ͨ\(��վ\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)1\,��ͨ \(Web\)2\,��ͨ \(Web\)3";
+	{mso-style-name:"普通\(网站\)\,普通 \(Web\)\,普通 \(Web\)1\,普通 \(Web\)2\,普通 \(Web\)3";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 pre
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 tt
-	{font-family:����;}
+	{font-family:黑体;}
 p.MsoCommentSubject, li.MsoCommentSubject, div.MsoCommentSubject
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注主题 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注框文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1, li.1, div.1
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ1;
+	{mso-style-name:样式1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -470,30 +470,30 @@ p.1, li.1, div.1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a, li.a, div.a
-	{mso-style-name:�������;
-	mso-style-link:"������� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序;
+	mso-style-link:"代码程序 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Char
-	{mso-style-name:"������� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"代码程序 Char";
+	mso-style-link:代码程序;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a0, li.a0, div.a0
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.0, li.0, div.0
-	{mso-style-name:����0;
+	{mso-style-name:封面0;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ p.0, li.0, div.0
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.10, li.10, div.10
-	{mso-style-name:����1;
+	{mso-style-name:封面1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -509,25 +509,25 @@ p.10, li.10, div.10
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.11, li.11, div.11
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���1;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a1, li.a1, div.a1
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -535,11 +535,11 @@ p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.post, li.post, div.post
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ p.post, li.post, div.post
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3, li.3, div.3
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -555,44 +555,44 @@ p.3, li.3, div.3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar1CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar1CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char, li.5Char, div.5Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5CharChar0, li.5CharChar0, div.5CharChar0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char0, li.5Char0, div.5Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5, li.5, div.5
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -600,28 +600,28 @@ p.5, li.5, div.5
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.2, li.2, div.2
-	{mso-style-name:�������2;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.20, li.20, div.20
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.21, li.21, div.21
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -629,18 +629,18 @@ p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a2, li.a2, div.a2
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ����;
+	{mso-style-name:图居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.110, li.110, div.110
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����1";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中1";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -649,32 +649,32 @@ p.110, li.110, div.110
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.1Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 1 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 1";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 1 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 1";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.22, li.22, div.22
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ �б� 2 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 列表 2 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.23, li.23, div.23
-	{mso-style-name:�б�2;
+	{mso-style-name:列表2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.50, li.50, div.50
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.111, li.111, div.111
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ11;
+	{mso-style-name:样式11;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -685,20 +685,20 @@ p.111, li.111, div.111
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.12, li.12, div.12
-	{mso-style-name:�������1;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.13, li.13, div.13
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.01, li.01, div.01
-	{mso-style-name:����01;
+	{mso-style-name:封面01;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ p.01, li.01, div.01
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.112, li.112, div.112
-	{mso-style-name:����11;
+	{mso-style-name:封面11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -714,24 +714,24 @@ p.112, li.112, div.112
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.113, li.113, div.113
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���11;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题11;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.14, li.14, div.14
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post1;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.31, li.31, div.31
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������31;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体31;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -755,35 +755,35 @@ p.31, li.31, div.31
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char1, li.5Char1, div.5Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar1, li.5CharChar1, div.5CharChar1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char10, li.5Char10, div.5Char10
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.51, li.51, div.51
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.120, li.120, div.120
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ12;
+	{mso-style-name:样式12;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ p.120, li.120, div.120
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.02, li.02, div.02
-	{mso-style-name:����02;
+	{mso-style-name:封面02;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ p.02, li.02, div.02
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.121, li.121, div.121
-	{mso-style-name:����12;
+	{mso-style-name:封面12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -810,17 +810,17 @@ p.121, li.121, div.121
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.122, li.122, div.122
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���12;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题12;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@ p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post2;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.32, li.32, div.32
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������32;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体32;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -844,21 +844,21 @@ p.32, li.32, div.32
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char2, li.5Char2, div.5Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.52, li.52, div.52
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.130, li.130, div.130
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ13;
+	{mso-style-name:样式13;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -877,13 +877,13 @@ p.130, li.130, div.130
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.30, li.30, div.30
-	{mso-style-name:�������3;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.03, li.03, div.03
-	{mso-style-name:����03;
+	{mso-style-name:封面03;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ p.03, li.03, div.03
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.131, li.131, div.131
-	{mso-style-name:����13;
+	{mso-style-name:封面13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -899,24 +899,24 @@ p.131, li.131, div.131
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.132, li.132, div.132
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���13;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题13;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.33, li.33, div.33
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post3;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -932,7 +932,7 @@ p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.330, li.330, div.330
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������33;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体33;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -940,36 +940,36 @@ p.330, li.330, div.330
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char20, li.5Char20, div.5Char20
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar2, li.5CharChar2, div.5CharChar2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char3, li.5Char3, div.5Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.53, li.53, div.53
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -977,11 +977,11 @@ p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar5
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.54, li.54, div.54
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5紧密;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:9.0pt;
@@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ p.54, li.54, div.54
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.24, li.24, div.24
-	{mso-style-name:����2�Ŵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:居中2号粗宋体;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ p.24, li.24, div.24
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.15, li.15, div.15
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1008,7 +1008,7 @@ p.15, li.15, div.15
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.25, li.25, div.25
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 2 + �о�\: �����о�";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 2 + 行距\: 单倍行距";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1021,33 +1021,33 @@ p.25, li.25, div.25
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.2Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 2 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 2";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 2 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 2";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.34, li.34, div.34
-	{mso-style-name:�б�3;
+	{mso-style-name:列表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.35, li.35, div.35
-	{mso-style-name:��3;
+	{mso-style-name:表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.4, li.4, div.4
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��4;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.40, li.40, div.40
-	{mso-style-name:�б�4;
+	{mso-style-name:列表4;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1058,166 +1058,166 @@ p.40, li.40, div.40
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.41, li.41, div.41
-	{mso-style-name:��4;
+	{mso-style-name:表4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.55, li.55, div.55
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��5;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.56, li.56, div.56
-	{mso-style-name:�б�5;
+	{mso-style-name:列表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.57, li.57, div.57
-	{mso-style-name:��5;
+	{mso-style-name:表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.6, li.6, div.6
-	{mso-style-name:�б�6;
+	{mso-style-name:列表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.60, li.60, div.60
-	{mso-style-name:��6;
+	{mso-style-name:表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.61, li.61, div.61
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��6;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.7, li.7, div.7
-	{mso-style-name:�б�7;
+	{mso-style-name:列表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.70, li.70, div.70
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��7;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.71, li.71, div.71
-	{mso-style-name:��7;
+	{mso-style-name:表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.8, li.8, div.8
-	{mso-style-name:�б�8;
+	{mso-style-name:列表8;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.9, li.9, div.9
-	{mso-style-name:�б�9;
+	{mso-style-name:列表9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.90, li.90, div.90
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��9;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.100, li.100, div.100
-	{mso-style-name:�б�10;
+	{mso-style-name:列表10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.101, li.101, div.101
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��10;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.114, li.114, div.114
-	{mso-style-name:�б�11;
+	{mso-style-name:列表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.115, li.115, div.115
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��11;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.116, li.116, div.116
-	{mso-style-name:��11;
+	{mso-style-name:表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.123, li.123, div.123
-	{mso-style-name:�б�12;
+	{mso-style-name:列表12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.124, li.124, div.124
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��12;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.133, li.133, div.133
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��13;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明13;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明13 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.13Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��13;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明13 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明13;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.134, li.134, div.134
-	{mso-style-name:�б�13;
+	{mso-style-name:列表13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.26, li.26, div.26
-	{mso-style-name:��¼2;
+	{mso-style-name:附录2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@ p.26, li.26, div.26
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.36, li.36, div.36
-	{mso-style-name:��¼3;
+	{mso-style-name:附录3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1239,12 +1239,12 @@ p.36, li.36, div.36
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.3Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 3";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 3";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.16, li.16, div.16
-	{mso-style-name:��¼1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1255,14 +1255,14 @@ p.16, li.16, div.16
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.17, li.17, div.17
-	{mso-style-name:��¼��1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录表1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.42, li.42, div.42
-	{mso-style-name:��¼4;
+	{mso-style-name:附录4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1272,19 +1272,19 @@ p.42, li.42, div.42
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.4Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 4 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 4";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 4 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 4";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a3, li.a3, div.a3
-	{mso-style-name:��¼ͼ˵��;
+	{mso-style-name:附录图说明;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.27, li.27, div.27
-	{mso-style-name:�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1297,7 +1297,7 @@ p.27, li.27, div.27
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
-	{mso-style-name:�ο�����;
+	{mso-style-name:参考标题;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1308,7 +1308,7 @@ p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.18, li.18, div.18
-	{mso-style-name:��������1;
+	{mso-style-name:索引标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1319,7 +1319,7 @@ p.18, li.18, div.18
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.19, li.19, div.19
-	{mso-style-name:�б�1;
+	{mso-style-name:列表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ p.19, li.19, div.19
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
-	{mso-style-name:��1;
+	{mso-style-name:表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1341,14 +1341,14 @@ p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.37, li.37, div.37
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.62, li.62, div.62
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中字体6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1357,8 +1357,8 @@ p.62, li.62, div.62
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
-	{mso-style-name:���Ĵ���;
-	mso-style-link:"���Ĵ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:正文代码;
+	mso-style-link:"正文代码 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1366,11 +1366,11 @@ p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"���Ĵ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:���Ĵ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"正文代码 Char";
+	mso-style-link:正文代码;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.43, li.43, div.43
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 4 +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 4 +";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1380,7 +1380,7 @@ p.43, li.43, div.43
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.140, li.140, div.140
-	{mso-style-name:��14;
+	{mso-style-name:表14;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1391,8 +1391,8 @@ p.140, li.140, div.140
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.141, li.141, div.141
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��14;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明14;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明14 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1403,11 +1403,11 @@ p.141, li.141, div.141
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.14Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��14;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明14 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明14;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ�Ŀ¼��;
+	{mso-style-name:文件目录表;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1415,8 +1415,8 @@ p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� +";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 +";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 + Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1424,39 +1424,39 @@ p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 + Char";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 +";
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a8, li.a8, div.a8
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:表格题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a9, li.a9, div.a9
-	{mso-style-name:�б���ע;
+	{mso-style-name:列表题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.aa, li.aa, div.aa
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��ע;
+	{mso-style-name:图题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ab, li.ab, div.ab
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:程序题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
-	{mso-style-name:��������;
+	{mso-style-name:框中文字;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:21.0pt;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1469,7 +1469,7 @@ p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.125, li.125, div.125
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����2";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中2";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1480,14 +1480,14 @@ p.125, li.125, div.125
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.ad, li.ad, div.ad
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ���� ��� ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 宋体 五号 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
-	{mso-style-name:�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1498,16 +1498,16 @@ p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.38, li.38, div.38
-	{mso-style-name:�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
-	font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 p.63, li.63, div.63
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1515,7 +1515,7 @@ p.63, li.63, div.63
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.64, li.64, div.64
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6�������;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号左对齐;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:10.0pt;
@@ -1523,8 +1523,8 @@ p.64, li.64, div.64
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.65, li.65, div.65
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������6�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号;
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字6号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1533,11 +1533,11 @@ p.65, li.65, div.65
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.6Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������6�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ������6��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字6号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图中文字6号;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��;
+	{mso-style-name:图标;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1545,7 +1545,7 @@ p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.28, li.28, div.28
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图标2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ p.28, li.28, div.28
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af, li.af, div.af
-	{mso-style-name:ϰ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:习题标题;
 	margin-top:6.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1563,9 +1563,9 @@ p.af, li.af, div.af
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:14.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
-	{mso-style-name:���ֱ��1;
+	{mso-style-name:部分编号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1573,14 +1573,14 @@ p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
 	font-size:16.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af0, li.af0, div.af0
-	{mso-style-name:������;
+	{mso-style-name:表标题;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.af1, li.af1, div.af1
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1629,7 +1629,7 @@ p.RightText, li.RightText, div.RightText
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
-	{mso-style-name:��������С��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字小五;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1637,8 +1637,8 @@ p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
-	{mso-style-name:�ؼ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ؼ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:关键词;
+	mso-style-link:"关键词 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1646,12 +1646,12 @@ p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"�ؼ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ؼ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"关键词 Char";
+	mso-style-link:关键词;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ļ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:文件名;
+	mso-style-link:"文件名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1659,12 +1659,12 @@ p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"�ļ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ļ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"文件名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:文件名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
-	{mso-style-name:ѡ��;
-	mso-style-link:"ѡ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:选项;
+	mso-style-link:"选项 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1672,12 +1672,12 @@ p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char5
-	{mso-style-name:"ѡ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ѡ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"选项 Char";
+	mso-style-link:选项;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:命令行;
+	mso-style-link:"命令行 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1685,12 +1685,12 @@ p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char6
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"命令行 Char";
+	mso-style-link:命令行;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:函数名;
+	mso-style-link:"函数名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1698,12 +1698,12 @@ p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char7
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"函数名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:函数名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
-	{mso-style-name:�Ĵ�����;
-	mso-style-link:"�Ĵ����� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:寄存器名;
+	mso-style-link:"寄存器名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1711,12 +1711,12 @@ p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char8
-	{mso-style-name:"�Ĵ����� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�Ĵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:"寄存器名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:寄存器名;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:变量名;
+	mso-style-link:"变量名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1724,83 +1724,83 @@ p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char9
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"变量名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:变量名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.58, li.58, div.58
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.59, li.59, div.59
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5�ſ���;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号靠左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.926, li.926, div.926
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ������� + ���\:  9\.26 ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 代码程序 + 左侧\:  9\.26 厘米";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 5 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 5";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 5 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 5";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.6Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 6 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 6";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 6 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 6";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.7Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 7 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 7";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 7 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 7";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.8Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 8 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 8";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 8 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 8";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.9Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 9 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 9";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 9 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 9";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.Chara
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע�ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע�ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"脚注文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:脚注文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charb
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注文字 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注文字;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charc
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳü Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳü;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页眉 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页眉;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chard
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页脚 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页脚;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chare
-	{mso-style-name:"���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"日期 Char";
+	mso-style-link:日期;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.HTMLChar
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charf
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;
+	{mso-style-name:"批注主题 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注主题;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.Charf0
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע���ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注框文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注框文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 .MsoChpDefault
 	{font-size:10.0pt;}
  /* Page Definitions */
@@ -1825,7 +1825,7 @@ ul
 <div class=WordSection1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
 
 <p class=ab><a name="_Toc56863294"></a><a name="_Toc53320702"><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-12 linux/lib/write.c</span></a></p>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-12 linux/lib/write.c</span></a></p>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -1851,25 +1851,25 @@ linux/lib/write.c</i></b></span></p>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__LIBRARY__</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>��׼ͷ�ļ��������˸��ַ��ų��������ͣ��������˸��ֺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>标准头文件。定义了各种符号常数和类型，并声明了各种函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�綨����<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>���򻹺�ϵͳ���úź���Ƕ���<span
-lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>�ȡ�</p>
+// </span>如定义了<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>，则还含系统调用号和内嵌汇编<span
+lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>д�ļ�ϵͳ���ú�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>写文件系统调用函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ú�ṹ��Ӧ�ں�����<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该宏结构对应于函数：<span
 lang=EN-US>int write(int fd, const char * buf, off_t count)</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>fd
-- </span>�ļ���������<span lang=EN-US>buf - </span>д������ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>count - </span>д�ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>fd
+- </span>文件描述符；<span lang=EN-US>buf - </span>写缓冲区指针；<span lang=EN-US>count - </span>写字节数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��ɹ�ʱ����д����ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(0</span>��ʾд��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>)</span>������ʱ������<span
-lang=EN-US>-1</span>�����������˳����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：成功时返回写入的字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>(0</span>表示写入<span lang=EN-US>0</span>字节<span lang=EN-US>)</span>；出错时将返回<span
+lang=EN-US>-1</span>，并且设置了出错号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_syscall3</span></u>(int,<u><span style='color:blue'>write</span></u>,int,fd,const
diff --git a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-2.html b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-2.html
index e84495f..53cfe2a 100644
--- a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-2.html
+++ b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-2.html
@@ -10,24 +10,24 @@
 	{font-family:Wingdings;
 	panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:宋体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	{font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@黑体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@宋体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����С���μ���";}
+	{font-family:"\@方正小标宋简体";}
  /* Style Definitions */
  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
 	{margin:0cm;
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 h1
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 1 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 1 Char";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ h1
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h2
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 2 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 2 Char";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ h2
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h3
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 3 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ h3
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h4
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 4 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 4 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ h4
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h5
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 5 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 5 Char";
 	margin-top:14.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:14.5pt;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ h5
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h6
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 6 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 6 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ h6
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 7 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 7 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 8 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 8 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.MsoHeading9, li.MsoHeading9, div.MsoHeading9
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 9 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 9 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -330,20 +330,20 @@ p.MsoToc9, li.MsoToc9, div.MsoToc9
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע�ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"脚注文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoCommentText, li.MsoCommentText, div.MsoCommentText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注文字 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳü Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页眉 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -353,14 +353,14 @@ p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页脚 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoIndexHeading, li.MsoIndexHeading, div.MsoIndexHeading
-	{mso-style-name:"��������\,������Ŀ\,������Ŀ1\,������Ŀ2";
+	{mso-style-name:"索引标题\,索引类目\,索引类目1\,索引类目2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ p.MsoList4, li.MsoList4, div.MsoList4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
-	{mso-style-link:"���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"日期 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -422,36 +422,36 @@ p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
-	{mso-style-name:"������\,��������";
+	{mso-style-name:"超链接\,超级链接";
 	color:blue;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
 	{color:purple;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 p
-	{mso-style-name:"��ͨ\(��վ\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)1\,��ͨ \(Web\)2\,��ͨ \(Web\)3";
+	{mso-style-name:"普通\(网站\)\,普通 \(Web\)\,普通 \(Web\)1\,普通 \(Web\)2\,普通 \(Web\)3";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 pre
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 tt
-	{font-family:����;}
+	{font-family:黑体;}
 p.MsoCommentSubject, li.MsoCommentSubject, div.MsoCommentSubject
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注主题 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注框文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1, li.1, div.1
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ1;
+	{mso-style-name:样式1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -470,30 +470,30 @@ p.1, li.1, div.1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a, li.a, div.a
-	{mso-style-name:�������;
-	mso-style-link:"������� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序;
+	mso-style-link:"代码程序 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Char
-	{mso-style-name:"������� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"代码程序 Char";
+	mso-style-link:代码程序;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a0, li.a0, div.a0
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.0, li.0, div.0
-	{mso-style-name:����0;
+	{mso-style-name:封面0;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ p.0, li.0, div.0
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.10, li.10, div.10
-	{mso-style-name:����1;
+	{mso-style-name:封面1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -509,25 +509,25 @@ p.10, li.10, div.10
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.11, li.11, div.11
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���1;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a1, li.a1, div.a1
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -535,11 +535,11 @@ p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.post, li.post, div.post
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ p.post, li.post, div.post
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3, li.3, div.3
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -555,44 +555,44 @@ p.3, li.3, div.3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar1CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar1CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char, li.5Char, div.5Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5CharChar0, li.5CharChar0, div.5CharChar0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char0, li.5Char0, div.5Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5, li.5, div.5
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -600,28 +600,28 @@ p.5, li.5, div.5
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.2, li.2, div.2
-	{mso-style-name:�������2;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.20, li.20, div.20
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.21, li.21, div.21
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -629,18 +629,18 @@ p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a2, li.a2, div.a2
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ����;
+	{mso-style-name:图居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.110, li.110, div.110
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����1";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中1";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -649,32 +649,32 @@ p.110, li.110, div.110
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.1Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 1 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 1";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 1 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 1";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.22, li.22, div.22
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ �б� 2 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 列表 2 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.23, li.23, div.23
-	{mso-style-name:�б�2;
+	{mso-style-name:列表2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.50, li.50, div.50
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.111, li.111, div.111
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ11;
+	{mso-style-name:样式11;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -685,20 +685,20 @@ p.111, li.111, div.111
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.12, li.12, div.12
-	{mso-style-name:�������1;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.13, li.13, div.13
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.01, li.01, div.01
-	{mso-style-name:����01;
+	{mso-style-name:封面01;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ p.01, li.01, div.01
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.112, li.112, div.112
-	{mso-style-name:����11;
+	{mso-style-name:封面11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -714,24 +714,24 @@ p.112, li.112, div.112
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.113, li.113, div.113
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���11;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题11;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.14, li.14, div.14
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post1;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.31, li.31, div.31
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������31;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体31;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -755,35 +755,35 @@ p.31, li.31, div.31
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char1, li.5Char1, div.5Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar1, li.5CharChar1, div.5CharChar1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char10, li.5Char10, div.5Char10
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.51, li.51, div.51
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.120, li.120, div.120
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ12;
+	{mso-style-name:样式12;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ p.120, li.120, div.120
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.02, li.02, div.02
-	{mso-style-name:����02;
+	{mso-style-name:封面02;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ p.02, li.02, div.02
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.121, li.121, div.121
-	{mso-style-name:����12;
+	{mso-style-name:封面12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -810,17 +810,17 @@ p.121, li.121, div.121
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.122, li.122, div.122
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���12;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题12;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@ p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post2;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.32, li.32, div.32
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������32;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体32;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -844,21 +844,21 @@ p.32, li.32, div.32
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char2, li.5Char2, div.5Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.52, li.52, div.52
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.130, li.130, div.130
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ13;
+	{mso-style-name:样式13;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -877,13 +877,13 @@ p.130, li.130, div.130
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.30, li.30, div.30
-	{mso-style-name:�������3;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.03, li.03, div.03
-	{mso-style-name:����03;
+	{mso-style-name:封面03;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ p.03, li.03, div.03
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.131, li.131, div.131
-	{mso-style-name:����13;
+	{mso-style-name:封面13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -899,24 +899,24 @@ p.131, li.131, div.131
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.132, li.132, div.132
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���13;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题13;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.33, li.33, div.33
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post3;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -932,7 +932,7 @@ p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.330, li.330, div.330
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������33;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体33;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -940,36 +940,36 @@ p.330, li.330, div.330
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char20, li.5Char20, div.5Char20
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar2, li.5CharChar2, div.5CharChar2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char3, li.5Char3, div.5Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.53, li.53, div.53
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -977,11 +977,11 @@ p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar5
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.54, li.54, div.54
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5紧密;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:9.0pt;
@@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ p.54, li.54, div.54
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.24, li.24, div.24
-	{mso-style-name:����2�Ŵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:居中2号粗宋体;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ p.24, li.24, div.24
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.15, li.15, div.15
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1008,7 +1008,7 @@ p.15, li.15, div.15
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.25, li.25, div.25
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 2 + �о�\: �����о�";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 2 + 行距\: 单倍行距";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1021,33 +1021,33 @@ p.25, li.25, div.25
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.2Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 2 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 2";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 2 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 2";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.34, li.34, div.34
-	{mso-style-name:�б�3;
+	{mso-style-name:列表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.35, li.35, div.35
-	{mso-style-name:��3;
+	{mso-style-name:表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.4, li.4, div.4
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��4;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.40, li.40, div.40
-	{mso-style-name:�б�4;
+	{mso-style-name:列表4;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1058,166 +1058,166 @@ p.40, li.40, div.40
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.41, li.41, div.41
-	{mso-style-name:��4;
+	{mso-style-name:表4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.55, li.55, div.55
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��5;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.56, li.56, div.56
-	{mso-style-name:�б�5;
+	{mso-style-name:列表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.57, li.57, div.57
-	{mso-style-name:��5;
+	{mso-style-name:表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.6, li.6, div.6
-	{mso-style-name:�б�6;
+	{mso-style-name:列表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.60, li.60, div.60
-	{mso-style-name:��6;
+	{mso-style-name:表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.61, li.61, div.61
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��6;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.7, li.7, div.7
-	{mso-style-name:�б�7;
+	{mso-style-name:列表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.70, li.70, div.70
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��7;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.71, li.71, div.71
-	{mso-style-name:��7;
+	{mso-style-name:表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.8, li.8, div.8
-	{mso-style-name:�б�8;
+	{mso-style-name:列表8;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.9, li.9, div.9
-	{mso-style-name:�б�9;
+	{mso-style-name:列表9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.90, li.90, div.90
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��9;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.100, li.100, div.100
-	{mso-style-name:�б�10;
+	{mso-style-name:列表10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.101, li.101, div.101
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��10;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.114, li.114, div.114
-	{mso-style-name:�б�11;
+	{mso-style-name:列表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.115, li.115, div.115
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��11;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.116, li.116, div.116
-	{mso-style-name:��11;
+	{mso-style-name:表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.123, li.123, div.123
-	{mso-style-name:�б�12;
+	{mso-style-name:列表12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.124, li.124, div.124
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��12;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.133, li.133, div.133
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��13;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明13;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明13 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.13Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��13;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明13 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明13;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.134, li.134, div.134
-	{mso-style-name:�б�13;
+	{mso-style-name:列表13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.26, li.26, div.26
-	{mso-style-name:��¼2;
+	{mso-style-name:附录2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@ p.26, li.26, div.26
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.36, li.36, div.36
-	{mso-style-name:��¼3;
+	{mso-style-name:附录3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1239,12 +1239,12 @@ p.36, li.36, div.36
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.3Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 3";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 3";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.16, li.16, div.16
-	{mso-style-name:��¼1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1255,14 +1255,14 @@ p.16, li.16, div.16
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.17, li.17, div.17
-	{mso-style-name:��¼��1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录表1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.42, li.42, div.42
-	{mso-style-name:��¼4;
+	{mso-style-name:附录4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1272,19 +1272,19 @@ p.42, li.42, div.42
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.4Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 4 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 4";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 4 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 4";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a3, li.a3, div.a3
-	{mso-style-name:��¼ͼ˵��;
+	{mso-style-name:附录图说明;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.27, li.27, div.27
-	{mso-style-name:�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1297,7 +1297,7 @@ p.27, li.27, div.27
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
-	{mso-style-name:�ο�����;
+	{mso-style-name:参考标题;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1308,7 +1308,7 @@ p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.18, li.18, div.18
-	{mso-style-name:��������1;
+	{mso-style-name:索引标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1319,7 +1319,7 @@ p.18, li.18, div.18
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.19, li.19, div.19
-	{mso-style-name:�б�1;
+	{mso-style-name:列表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ p.19, li.19, div.19
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
-	{mso-style-name:��1;
+	{mso-style-name:表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1341,14 +1341,14 @@ p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.37, li.37, div.37
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.62, li.62, div.62
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中字体6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1357,8 +1357,8 @@ p.62, li.62, div.62
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
-	{mso-style-name:���Ĵ���;
-	mso-style-link:"���Ĵ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:正文代码;
+	mso-style-link:"正文代码 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1366,11 +1366,11 @@ p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"���Ĵ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:���Ĵ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"正文代码 Char";
+	mso-style-link:正文代码;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.43, li.43, div.43
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 4 +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 4 +";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1380,7 +1380,7 @@ p.43, li.43, div.43
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.140, li.140, div.140
-	{mso-style-name:��14;
+	{mso-style-name:表14;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1391,8 +1391,8 @@ p.140, li.140, div.140
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.141, li.141, div.141
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��14;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明14;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明14 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1403,11 +1403,11 @@ p.141, li.141, div.141
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.14Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��14;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明14 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明14;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ�Ŀ¼��;
+	{mso-style-name:文件目录表;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1415,8 +1415,8 @@ p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� +";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 +";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 + Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1424,39 +1424,39 @@ p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 + Char";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 +";
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a8, li.a8, div.a8
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:表格题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a9, li.a9, div.a9
-	{mso-style-name:�б���ע;
+	{mso-style-name:列表题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.aa, li.aa, div.aa
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��ע;
+	{mso-style-name:图题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ab, li.ab, div.ab
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:程序题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
-	{mso-style-name:��������;
+	{mso-style-name:框中文字;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:21.0pt;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1469,7 +1469,7 @@ p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.125, li.125, div.125
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����2";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中2";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1480,14 +1480,14 @@ p.125, li.125, div.125
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.ad, li.ad, div.ad
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ���� ��� ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 宋体 五号 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
-	{mso-style-name:�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1498,16 +1498,16 @@ p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.38, li.38, div.38
-	{mso-style-name:�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
-	font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 p.63, li.63, div.63
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1515,7 +1515,7 @@ p.63, li.63, div.63
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.64, li.64, div.64
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6�������;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号左对齐;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:10.0pt;
@@ -1523,8 +1523,8 @@ p.64, li.64, div.64
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.65, li.65, div.65
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������6�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号;
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字6号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1533,11 +1533,11 @@ p.65, li.65, div.65
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.6Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������6�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ������6��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字6号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图中文字6号;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��;
+	{mso-style-name:图标;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1545,7 +1545,7 @@ p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.28, li.28, div.28
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图标2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ p.28, li.28, div.28
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af, li.af, div.af
-	{mso-style-name:ϰ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:习题标题;
 	margin-top:6.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1563,9 +1563,9 @@ p.af, li.af, div.af
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:14.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
-	{mso-style-name:���ֱ��1;
+	{mso-style-name:部分编号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1573,14 +1573,14 @@ p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
 	font-size:16.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af0, li.af0, div.af0
-	{mso-style-name:������;
+	{mso-style-name:表标题;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.af1, li.af1, div.af1
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1629,7 +1629,7 @@ p.RightText, li.RightText, div.RightText
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
-	{mso-style-name:��������С��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字小五;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1637,8 +1637,8 @@ p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
-	{mso-style-name:�ؼ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ؼ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:关键词;
+	mso-style-link:"关键词 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1646,12 +1646,12 @@ p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"�ؼ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ؼ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"关键词 Char";
+	mso-style-link:关键词;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ļ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:文件名;
+	mso-style-link:"文件名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1659,12 +1659,12 @@ p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"�ļ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ļ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"文件名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:文件名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
-	{mso-style-name:ѡ��;
-	mso-style-link:"ѡ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:选项;
+	mso-style-link:"选项 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1672,12 +1672,12 @@ p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char5
-	{mso-style-name:"ѡ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ѡ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"选项 Char";
+	mso-style-link:选项;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:命令行;
+	mso-style-link:"命令行 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1685,12 +1685,12 @@ p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char6
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"命令行 Char";
+	mso-style-link:命令行;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:函数名;
+	mso-style-link:"函数名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1698,12 +1698,12 @@ p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char7
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"函数名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:函数名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
-	{mso-style-name:�Ĵ�����;
-	mso-style-link:"�Ĵ����� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:寄存器名;
+	mso-style-link:"寄存器名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1711,12 +1711,12 @@ p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char8
-	{mso-style-name:"�Ĵ����� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�Ĵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:"寄存器名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:寄存器名;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:变量名;
+	mso-style-link:"变量名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1724,83 +1724,83 @@ p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char9
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"变量名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:变量名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.58, li.58, div.58
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.59, li.59, div.59
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5�ſ���;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号靠左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.926, li.926, div.926
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ������� + ���\:  9\.26 ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 代码程序 + 左侧\:  9\.26 厘米";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 5 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 5";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 5 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 5";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.6Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 6 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 6";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 6 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 6";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.7Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 7 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 7";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 7 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 7";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.8Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 8 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 8";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 8 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 8";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.9Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 9 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 9";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 9 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 9";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.Chara
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע�ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע�ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"脚注文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:脚注文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charb
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注文字 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注文字;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charc
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳü Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳü;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页眉 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页眉;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chard
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页脚 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页脚;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chare
-	{mso-style-name:"���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"日期 Char";
+	mso-style-link:日期;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.HTMLChar
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charf
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;
+	{mso-style-name:"批注主题 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注主题;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.Charf0
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע���ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注框文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注框文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 .MsoChpDefault
 	{font-size:10.0pt;}
  /* Page Definitions */
@@ -1825,7 +1825,7 @@ ul
 <div class=WordSection1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
 
 <p class=ab><a name="_Toc56863284"></a><a name="_Toc53320692"><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-2 linux/lib/close.c</span></a></p>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-2 linux/lib/close.c</span></a></p>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -1851,21 +1851,21 @@ linux/lib/close.c</i></b></span></p>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__LIBRARY__</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>��׼ͷ�ļ��������˸��ַ��ų��������ͣ��������˸��ֺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>标准头文件。定义了各种符号常数和类型，并声明了各种函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�綨����<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>���򻹺�ϵͳ���úź���Ƕ���<span
-lang=EN-US>syscall0()</span>�ȡ�</p>
+// </span>如定义了<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>，则还含系统调用号和内嵌汇编<span
+lang=EN-US>syscall0()</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ر��ļ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>关闭文件函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����õ��ú꺯����Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>int close(int fd)</span>��ֱ�ӵ�����ϵͳ�ж�<span lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>__NR_close</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面该调用宏函数对应：<span
+lang=EN-US>int close(int fd)</span>。直接调用了系统中断<span lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>，参数是<span
+lang=EN-US>__NR_close</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>���ļ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其中<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>是文件描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_syscall1</span></u>(int,<u><span style='color:blue'>close</span></u>,int,fd)</span></p>
diff --git a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-3.html b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-3.html
index 461cbc6..f2b8c88 100644
--- a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-3.html
+++ b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-3.html
@@ -10,24 +10,24 @@
 	{font-family:Wingdings;
 	panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:宋体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	{font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@黑体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@宋体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����С���μ���";}
+	{font-family:"\@方正小标宋简体";}
  /* Style Definitions */
  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
 	{margin:0cm;
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 h1
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 1 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 1 Char";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ h1
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h2
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 2 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 2 Char";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ h2
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h3
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 3 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ h3
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h4
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 4 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 4 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ h4
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h5
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 5 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 5 Char";
 	margin-top:14.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:14.5pt;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ h5
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h6
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 6 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 6 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ h6
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 7 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 7 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 8 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 8 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.MsoHeading9, li.MsoHeading9, div.MsoHeading9
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 9 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 9 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -330,20 +330,20 @@ p.MsoToc9, li.MsoToc9, div.MsoToc9
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע�ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"脚注文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoCommentText, li.MsoCommentText, div.MsoCommentText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注文字 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳü Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页眉 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -353,14 +353,14 @@ p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页脚 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoIndexHeading, li.MsoIndexHeading, div.MsoIndexHeading
-	{mso-style-name:"��������\,������Ŀ\,������Ŀ1\,������Ŀ2";
+	{mso-style-name:"索引标题\,索引类目\,索引类目1\,索引类目2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ p.MsoList4, li.MsoList4, div.MsoList4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
-	{mso-style-link:"���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"日期 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -422,36 +422,36 @@ p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
-	{mso-style-name:"������\,��������";
+	{mso-style-name:"超链接\,超级链接";
 	color:blue;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
 	{color:purple;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 p
-	{mso-style-name:"��ͨ\(��վ\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)1\,��ͨ \(Web\)2\,��ͨ \(Web\)3";
+	{mso-style-name:"普通\(网站\)\,普通 \(Web\)\,普通 \(Web\)1\,普通 \(Web\)2\,普通 \(Web\)3";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 pre
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 tt
-	{font-family:����;}
+	{font-family:黑体;}
 p.MsoCommentSubject, li.MsoCommentSubject, div.MsoCommentSubject
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注主题 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注框文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1, li.1, div.1
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ1;
+	{mso-style-name:样式1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -470,30 +470,30 @@ p.1, li.1, div.1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a, li.a, div.a
-	{mso-style-name:�������;
-	mso-style-link:"������� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序;
+	mso-style-link:"代码程序 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Char
-	{mso-style-name:"������� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"代码程序 Char";
+	mso-style-link:代码程序;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a0, li.a0, div.a0
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.0, li.0, div.0
-	{mso-style-name:����0;
+	{mso-style-name:封面0;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ p.0, li.0, div.0
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.10, li.10, div.10
-	{mso-style-name:����1;
+	{mso-style-name:封面1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -509,25 +509,25 @@ p.10, li.10, div.10
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.11, li.11, div.11
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���1;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a1, li.a1, div.a1
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -535,11 +535,11 @@ p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.post, li.post, div.post
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ p.post, li.post, div.post
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3, li.3, div.3
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -555,44 +555,44 @@ p.3, li.3, div.3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar1CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar1CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char, li.5Char, div.5Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5CharChar0, li.5CharChar0, div.5CharChar0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char0, li.5Char0, div.5Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5, li.5, div.5
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -600,28 +600,28 @@ p.5, li.5, div.5
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.2, li.2, div.2
-	{mso-style-name:�������2;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.20, li.20, div.20
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.21, li.21, div.21
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -629,18 +629,18 @@ p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a2, li.a2, div.a2
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ����;
+	{mso-style-name:图居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.110, li.110, div.110
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����1";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中1";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -649,32 +649,32 @@ p.110, li.110, div.110
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.1Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 1 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 1";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 1 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 1";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.22, li.22, div.22
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ �б� 2 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 列表 2 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.23, li.23, div.23
-	{mso-style-name:�б�2;
+	{mso-style-name:列表2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.50, li.50, div.50
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.111, li.111, div.111
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ11;
+	{mso-style-name:样式11;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -685,20 +685,20 @@ p.111, li.111, div.111
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.12, li.12, div.12
-	{mso-style-name:�������1;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.13, li.13, div.13
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.01, li.01, div.01
-	{mso-style-name:����01;
+	{mso-style-name:封面01;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ p.01, li.01, div.01
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.112, li.112, div.112
-	{mso-style-name:����11;
+	{mso-style-name:封面11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -714,24 +714,24 @@ p.112, li.112, div.112
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.113, li.113, div.113
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���11;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题11;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.14, li.14, div.14
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post1;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.31, li.31, div.31
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������31;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体31;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -755,35 +755,35 @@ p.31, li.31, div.31
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char1, li.5Char1, div.5Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar1, li.5CharChar1, div.5CharChar1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char10, li.5Char10, div.5Char10
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.51, li.51, div.51
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.120, li.120, div.120
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ12;
+	{mso-style-name:样式12;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ p.120, li.120, div.120
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.02, li.02, div.02
-	{mso-style-name:����02;
+	{mso-style-name:封面02;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ p.02, li.02, div.02
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.121, li.121, div.121
-	{mso-style-name:����12;
+	{mso-style-name:封面12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -810,17 +810,17 @@ p.121, li.121, div.121
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.122, li.122, div.122
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���12;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题12;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@ p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post2;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.32, li.32, div.32
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������32;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体32;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -844,21 +844,21 @@ p.32, li.32, div.32
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char2, li.5Char2, div.5Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.52, li.52, div.52
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.130, li.130, div.130
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ13;
+	{mso-style-name:样式13;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -877,13 +877,13 @@ p.130, li.130, div.130
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.30, li.30, div.30
-	{mso-style-name:�������3;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.03, li.03, div.03
-	{mso-style-name:����03;
+	{mso-style-name:封面03;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ p.03, li.03, div.03
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.131, li.131, div.131
-	{mso-style-name:����13;
+	{mso-style-name:封面13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -899,24 +899,24 @@ p.131, li.131, div.131
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.132, li.132, div.132
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���13;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题13;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.33, li.33, div.33
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post3;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -932,7 +932,7 @@ p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.330, li.330, div.330
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������33;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体33;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -940,36 +940,36 @@ p.330, li.330, div.330
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char20, li.5Char20, div.5Char20
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar2, li.5CharChar2, div.5CharChar2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char3, li.5Char3, div.5Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.53, li.53, div.53
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -977,11 +977,11 @@ p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar5
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.54, li.54, div.54
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5紧密;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:9.0pt;
@@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ p.54, li.54, div.54
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.24, li.24, div.24
-	{mso-style-name:����2�Ŵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:居中2号粗宋体;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ p.24, li.24, div.24
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.15, li.15, div.15
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1008,7 +1008,7 @@ p.15, li.15, div.15
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.25, li.25, div.25
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 2 + �о�\: �����о�";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 2 + 行距\: 单倍行距";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1021,33 +1021,33 @@ p.25, li.25, div.25
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.2Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 2 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 2";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 2 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 2";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.34, li.34, div.34
-	{mso-style-name:�б�3;
+	{mso-style-name:列表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.35, li.35, div.35
-	{mso-style-name:��3;
+	{mso-style-name:表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.4, li.4, div.4
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��4;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.40, li.40, div.40
-	{mso-style-name:�б�4;
+	{mso-style-name:列表4;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1058,166 +1058,166 @@ p.40, li.40, div.40
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.41, li.41, div.41
-	{mso-style-name:��4;
+	{mso-style-name:表4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.55, li.55, div.55
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��5;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.56, li.56, div.56
-	{mso-style-name:�б�5;
+	{mso-style-name:列表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.57, li.57, div.57
-	{mso-style-name:��5;
+	{mso-style-name:表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.6, li.6, div.6
-	{mso-style-name:�б�6;
+	{mso-style-name:列表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.60, li.60, div.60
-	{mso-style-name:��6;
+	{mso-style-name:表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.61, li.61, div.61
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��6;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.7, li.7, div.7
-	{mso-style-name:�б�7;
+	{mso-style-name:列表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.70, li.70, div.70
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��7;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.71, li.71, div.71
-	{mso-style-name:��7;
+	{mso-style-name:表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.8, li.8, div.8
-	{mso-style-name:�б�8;
+	{mso-style-name:列表8;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.9, li.9, div.9
-	{mso-style-name:�б�9;
+	{mso-style-name:列表9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.90, li.90, div.90
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��9;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.100, li.100, div.100
-	{mso-style-name:�б�10;
+	{mso-style-name:列表10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.101, li.101, div.101
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��10;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.114, li.114, div.114
-	{mso-style-name:�б�11;
+	{mso-style-name:列表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.115, li.115, div.115
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��11;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.116, li.116, div.116
-	{mso-style-name:��11;
+	{mso-style-name:表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.123, li.123, div.123
-	{mso-style-name:�б�12;
+	{mso-style-name:列表12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.124, li.124, div.124
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��12;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.133, li.133, div.133
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��13;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明13;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明13 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.13Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��13;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明13 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明13;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.134, li.134, div.134
-	{mso-style-name:�б�13;
+	{mso-style-name:列表13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.26, li.26, div.26
-	{mso-style-name:��¼2;
+	{mso-style-name:附录2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@ p.26, li.26, div.26
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.36, li.36, div.36
-	{mso-style-name:��¼3;
+	{mso-style-name:附录3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1239,12 +1239,12 @@ p.36, li.36, div.36
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.3Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 3";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 3";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.16, li.16, div.16
-	{mso-style-name:��¼1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1255,14 +1255,14 @@ p.16, li.16, div.16
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.17, li.17, div.17
-	{mso-style-name:��¼��1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录表1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.42, li.42, div.42
-	{mso-style-name:��¼4;
+	{mso-style-name:附录4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1272,19 +1272,19 @@ p.42, li.42, div.42
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.4Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 4 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 4";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 4 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 4";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a3, li.a3, div.a3
-	{mso-style-name:��¼ͼ˵��;
+	{mso-style-name:附录图说明;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.27, li.27, div.27
-	{mso-style-name:�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1297,7 +1297,7 @@ p.27, li.27, div.27
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
-	{mso-style-name:�ο�����;
+	{mso-style-name:参考标题;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1308,7 +1308,7 @@ p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.18, li.18, div.18
-	{mso-style-name:��������1;
+	{mso-style-name:索引标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1319,7 +1319,7 @@ p.18, li.18, div.18
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.19, li.19, div.19
-	{mso-style-name:�б�1;
+	{mso-style-name:列表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ p.19, li.19, div.19
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
-	{mso-style-name:��1;
+	{mso-style-name:表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1341,14 +1341,14 @@ p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.37, li.37, div.37
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.62, li.62, div.62
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中字体6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1357,8 +1357,8 @@ p.62, li.62, div.62
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
-	{mso-style-name:���Ĵ���;
-	mso-style-link:"���Ĵ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:正文代码;
+	mso-style-link:"正文代码 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1366,11 +1366,11 @@ p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"���Ĵ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:���Ĵ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"正文代码 Char";
+	mso-style-link:正文代码;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.43, li.43, div.43
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 4 +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 4 +";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1380,7 +1380,7 @@ p.43, li.43, div.43
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.140, li.140, div.140
-	{mso-style-name:��14;
+	{mso-style-name:表14;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1391,8 +1391,8 @@ p.140, li.140, div.140
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.141, li.141, div.141
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��14;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明14;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明14 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1403,11 +1403,11 @@ p.141, li.141, div.141
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.14Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��14;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明14 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明14;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ�Ŀ¼��;
+	{mso-style-name:文件目录表;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1415,8 +1415,8 @@ p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� +";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 +";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 + Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1424,39 +1424,39 @@ p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 + Char";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 +";
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a8, li.a8, div.a8
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:表格题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a9, li.a9, div.a9
-	{mso-style-name:�б���ע;
+	{mso-style-name:列表题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.aa, li.aa, div.aa
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��ע;
+	{mso-style-name:图题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ab, li.ab, div.ab
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:程序题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
-	{mso-style-name:��������;
+	{mso-style-name:框中文字;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:21.0pt;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1469,7 +1469,7 @@ p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.125, li.125, div.125
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����2";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中2";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1480,14 +1480,14 @@ p.125, li.125, div.125
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.ad, li.ad, div.ad
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ���� ��� ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 宋体 五号 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
-	{mso-style-name:�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1498,16 +1498,16 @@ p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.38, li.38, div.38
-	{mso-style-name:�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
-	font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 p.63, li.63, div.63
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1515,7 +1515,7 @@ p.63, li.63, div.63
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.64, li.64, div.64
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6�������;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号左对齐;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:10.0pt;
@@ -1523,8 +1523,8 @@ p.64, li.64, div.64
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.65, li.65, div.65
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������6�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号;
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字6号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1533,11 +1533,11 @@ p.65, li.65, div.65
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.6Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������6�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ������6��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字6号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图中文字6号;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��;
+	{mso-style-name:图标;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1545,7 +1545,7 @@ p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.28, li.28, div.28
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图标2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ p.28, li.28, div.28
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af, li.af, div.af
-	{mso-style-name:ϰ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:习题标题;
 	margin-top:6.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1563,9 +1563,9 @@ p.af, li.af, div.af
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:14.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
-	{mso-style-name:���ֱ��1;
+	{mso-style-name:部分编号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1573,14 +1573,14 @@ p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
 	font-size:16.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af0, li.af0, div.af0
-	{mso-style-name:������;
+	{mso-style-name:表标题;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.af1, li.af1, div.af1
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1629,7 +1629,7 @@ p.RightText, li.RightText, div.RightText
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
-	{mso-style-name:��������С��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字小五;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1637,8 +1637,8 @@ p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
-	{mso-style-name:�ؼ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ؼ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:关键词;
+	mso-style-link:"关键词 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1646,12 +1646,12 @@ p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"�ؼ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ؼ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"关键词 Char";
+	mso-style-link:关键词;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ļ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:文件名;
+	mso-style-link:"文件名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1659,12 +1659,12 @@ p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"�ļ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ļ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"文件名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:文件名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
-	{mso-style-name:ѡ��;
-	mso-style-link:"ѡ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:选项;
+	mso-style-link:"选项 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1672,12 +1672,12 @@ p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char5
-	{mso-style-name:"ѡ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ѡ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"选项 Char";
+	mso-style-link:选项;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:命令行;
+	mso-style-link:"命令行 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1685,12 +1685,12 @@ p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char6
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"命令行 Char";
+	mso-style-link:命令行;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:函数名;
+	mso-style-link:"函数名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1698,12 +1698,12 @@ p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char7
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"函数名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:函数名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
-	{mso-style-name:�Ĵ�����;
-	mso-style-link:"�Ĵ����� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:寄存器名;
+	mso-style-link:"寄存器名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1711,12 +1711,12 @@ p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char8
-	{mso-style-name:"�Ĵ����� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�Ĵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:"寄存器名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:寄存器名;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:变量名;
+	mso-style-link:"变量名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1724,83 +1724,83 @@ p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char9
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"变量名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:变量名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.58, li.58, div.58
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.59, li.59, div.59
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5�ſ���;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号靠左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.926, li.926, div.926
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ������� + ���\:  9\.26 ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 代码程序 + 左侧\:  9\.26 厘米";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 5 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 5";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 5 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 5";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.6Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 6 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 6";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 6 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 6";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.7Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 7 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 7";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 7 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 7";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.8Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 8 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 8";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 8 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 8";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.9Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 9 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 9";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 9 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 9";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.Chara
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע�ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע�ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"脚注文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:脚注文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charb
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注文字 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注文字;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charc
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳü Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳü;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页眉 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页眉;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chard
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页脚 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页脚;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chare
-	{mso-style-name:"���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"日期 Char";
+	mso-style-link:日期;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.HTMLChar
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charf
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;
+	{mso-style-name:"批注主题 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注主题;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.Charf0
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע���ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注框文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注框文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 .MsoChpDefault
 	{font-size:10.0pt;}
  /* Page Definitions */
@@ -1825,7 +1825,7 @@ ul
 <div class=WordSection1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
 
 <p class=ab><a name="_Toc56863285"></a><a name="_Toc53320693"><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-3 linux/lib/ctype.c</span></a></p>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-3 linux/lib/ctype.c</span></a></p>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -1848,21 +1848,21 @@ linux/lib/ctype.c</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>6</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>7</span></u>
-#include &lt;ctype.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ�����ͷ�ļ���������һЩ�й��ַ������жϺ�ת���ĺꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;ctype.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符类型头文件。定义了一些有关字符类型判断和转换的宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
 char <u><span style='color:blue'>_ctmp</span></u>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>һ����ʱ�ַ���������<span lang=EN-US>ctype.h</span>�ļ���ת���ַ��꺯��ʹ�á�</p>
+// </span>一个临时字符变量，供<span lang=EN-US>ctype.h</span>文件中转换字符宏函数使用。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ַ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>�������˸����ַ���Ӧ�����ԣ���Щ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��<span lang=EN-US>_C</span>��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>ctype.h</span>�ж��塣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>字符特性数组<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>表<span lang=EN-US>)</span>，定义了各个字符对应的属性，这些属性类型<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>如<span lang=EN-US>_C</span>等<span lang=EN-US>)</span>在<span
+lang=EN-US>ctype.h</span>中定义。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ж��ַ��ǿ����ַ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(_C)</span>����д�ַ�<span lang=EN-US>(_U)</span>��Сд�ַ�<span lang=EN-US>(_L)</span>���������͡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>用于判断字符是控制字符<span
+lang=EN-US>(_C)</span>、大写字符<span lang=EN-US>(_U)</span>、小写字符<span lang=EN-US>(_L)</span>等所属类型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u>
 unsigned char <u><span style='color:blue'>_ctype</span></u>[] =
diff --git a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-4.html b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-4.html
index 6c58333..0501800 100644
--- a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-4.html
+++ b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-4.html
@@ -10,24 +10,24 @@
 	{font-family:Wingdings;
 	panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:宋体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	{font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@黑体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@宋体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����С���μ���";}
+	{font-family:"\@方正小标宋简体";}
  /* Style Definitions */
  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
 	{margin:0cm;
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 h1
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 1 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 1 Char";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ h1
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h2
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 2 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 2 Char";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ h2
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h3
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 3 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ h3
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h4
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 4 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 4 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ h4
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h5
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 5 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 5 Char";
 	margin-top:14.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:14.5pt;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ h5
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h6
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 6 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 6 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ h6
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 7 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 7 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 8 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 8 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.MsoHeading9, li.MsoHeading9, div.MsoHeading9
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 9 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 9 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -330,20 +330,20 @@ p.MsoToc9, li.MsoToc9, div.MsoToc9
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע�ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"脚注文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoCommentText, li.MsoCommentText, div.MsoCommentText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注文字 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳü Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页眉 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -353,14 +353,14 @@ p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页脚 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoIndexHeading, li.MsoIndexHeading, div.MsoIndexHeading
-	{mso-style-name:"��������\,������Ŀ\,������Ŀ1\,������Ŀ2";
+	{mso-style-name:"索引标题\,索引类目\,索引类目1\,索引类目2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ p.MsoList4, li.MsoList4, div.MsoList4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
-	{mso-style-link:"���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"日期 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -422,36 +422,36 @@ p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
-	{mso-style-name:"������\,��������";
+	{mso-style-name:"超链接\,超级链接";
 	color:blue;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
 	{color:purple;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 p
-	{mso-style-name:"��ͨ\(��վ\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)1\,��ͨ \(Web\)2\,��ͨ \(Web\)3";
+	{mso-style-name:"普通\(网站\)\,普通 \(Web\)\,普通 \(Web\)1\,普通 \(Web\)2\,普通 \(Web\)3";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 pre
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 tt
-	{font-family:����;}
+	{font-family:黑体;}
 p.MsoCommentSubject, li.MsoCommentSubject, div.MsoCommentSubject
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注主题 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注框文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1, li.1, div.1
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ1;
+	{mso-style-name:样式1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -470,30 +470,30 @@ p.1, li.1, div.1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a, li.a, div.a
-	{mso-style-name:�������;
-	mso-style-link:"������� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序;
+	mso-style-link:"代码程序 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Char
-	{mso-style-name:"������� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"代码程序 Char";
+	mso-style-link:代码程序;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a0, li.a0, div.a0
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.0, li.0, div.0
-	{mso-style-name:����0;
+	{mso-style-name:封面0;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ p.0, li.0, div.0
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.10, li.10, div.10
-	{mso-style-name:����1;
+	{mso-style-name:封面1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -509,25 +509,25 @@ p.10, li.10, div.10
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.11, li.11, div.11
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���1;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a1, li.a1, div.a1
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -535,11 +535,11 @@ p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.post, li.post, div.post
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ p.post, li.post, div.post
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3, li.3, div.3
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -555,44 +555,44 @@ p.3, li.3, div.3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar1CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar1CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char, li.5Char, div.5Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5CharChar0, li.5CharChar0, div.5CharChar0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char0, li.5Char0, div.5Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5, li.5, div.5
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -600,28 +600,28 @@ p.5, li.5, div.5
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.2, li.2, div.2
-	{mso-style-name:�������2;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.20, li.20, div.20
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.21, li.21, div.21
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -629,18 +629,18 @@ p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a2, li.a2, div.a2
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ����;
+	{mso-style-name:图居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.110, li.110, div.110
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����1";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中1";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -649,32 +649,32 @@ p.110, li.110, div.110
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.1Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 1 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 1";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 1 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 1";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.22, li.22, div.22
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ �б� 2 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 列表 2 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.23, li.23, div.23
-	{mso-style-name:�б�2;
+	{mso-style-name:列表2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.50, li.50, div.50
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.111, li.111, div.111
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ11;
+	{mso-style-name:样式11;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -685,20 +685,20 @@ p.111, li.111, div.111
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.12, li.12, div.12
-	{mso-style-name:�������1;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.13, li.13, div.13
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.01, li.01, div.01
-	{mso-style-name:����01;
+	{mso-style-name:封面01;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ p.01, li.01, div.01
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.112, li.112, div.112
-	{mso-style-name:����11;
+	{mso-style-name:封面11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -714,24 +714,24 @@ p.112, li.112, div.112
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.113, li.113, div.113
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���11;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题11;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.14, li.14, div.14
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post1;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.31, li.31, div.31
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������31;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体31;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -755,35 +755,35 @@ p.31, li.31, div.31
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char1, li.5Char1, div.5Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar1, li.5CharChar1, div.5CharChar1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char10, li.5Char10, div.5Char10
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.51, li.51, div.51
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.120, li.120, div.120
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ12;
+	{mso-style-name:样式12;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ p.120, li.120, div.120
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.02, li.02, div.02
-	{mso-style-name:����02;
+	{mso-style-name:封面02;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ p.02, li.02, div.02
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.121, li.121, div.121
-	{mso-style-name:����12;
+	{mso-style-name:封面12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -810,17 +810,17 @@ p.121, li.121, div.121
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.122, li.122, div.122
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���12;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题12;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@ p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post2;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.32, li.32, div.32
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������32;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体32;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -844,21 +844,21 @@ p.32, li.32, div.32
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char2, li.5Char2, div.5Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.52, li.52, div.52
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.130, li.130, div.130
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ13;
+	{mso-style-name:样式13;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -877,13 +877,13 @@ p.130, li.130, div.130
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.30, li.30, div.30
-	{mso-style-name:�������3;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.03, li.03, div.03
-	{mso-style-name:����03;
+	{mso-style-name:封面03;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ p.03, li.03, div.03
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.131, li.131, div.131
-	{mso-style-name:����13;
+	{mso-style-name:封面13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -899,24 +899,24 @@ p.131, li.131, div.131
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.132, li.132, div.132
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���13;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题13;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.33, li.33, div.33
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post3;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -932,7 +932,7 @@ p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.330, li.330, div.330
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������33;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体33;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -940,36 +940,36 @@ p.330, li.330, div.330
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char20, li.5Char20, div.5Char20
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar2, li.5CharChar2, div.5CharChar2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char3, li.5Char3, div.5Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.53, li.53, div.53
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -977,11 +977,11 @@ p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar5
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.54, li.54, div.54
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5紧密;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:9.0pt;
@@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ p.54, li.54, div.54
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.24, li.24, div.24
-	{mso-style-name:����2�Ŵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:居中2号粗宋体;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ p.24, li.24, div.24
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.15, li.15, div.15
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1008,7 +1008,7 @@ p.15, li.15, div.15
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.25, li.25, div.25
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 2 + �о�\: �����о�";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 2 + 行距\: 单倍行距";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1021,33 +1021,33 @@ p.25, li.25, div.25
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.2Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 2 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 2";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 2 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 2";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.34, li.34, div.34
-	{mso-style-name:�б�3;
+	{mso-style-name:列表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.35, li.35, div.35
-	{mso-style-name:��3;
+	{mso-style-name:表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.4, li.4, div.4
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��4;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.40, li.40, div.40
-	{mso-style-name:�б�4;
+	{mso-style-name:列表4;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1058,166 +1058,166 @@ p.40, li.40, div.40
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.41, li.41, div.41
-	{mso-style-name:��4;
+	{mso-style-name:表4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.55, li.55, div.55
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��5;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.56, li.56, div.56
-	{mso-style-name:�б�5;
+	{mso-style-name:列表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.57, li.57, div.57
-	{mso-style-name:��5;
+	{mso-style-name:表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.6, li.6, div.6
-	{mso-style-name:�б�6;
+	{mso-style-name:列表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.60, li.60, div.60
-	{mso-style-name:��6;
+	{mso-style-name:表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.61, li.61, div.61
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��6;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.7, li.7, div.7
-	{mso-style-name:�б�7;
+	{mso-style-name:列表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.70, li.70, div.70
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��7;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.71, li.71, div.71
-	{mso-style-name:��7;
+	{mso-style-name:表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.8, li.8, div.8
-	{mso-style-name:�б�8;
+	{mso-style-name:列表8;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.9, li.9, div.9
-	{mso-style-name:�б�9;
+	{mso-style-name:列表9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.90, li.90, div.90
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��9;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.100, li.100, div.100
-	{mso-style-name:�б�10;
+	{mso-style-name:列表10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.101, li.101, div.101
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��10;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.114, li.114, div.114
-	{mso-style-name:�б�11;
+	{mso-style-name:列表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.115, li.115, div.115
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��11;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.116, li.116, div.116
-	{mso-style-name:��11;
+	{mso-style-name:表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.123, li.123, div.123
-	{mso-style-name:�б�12;
+	{mso-style-name:列表12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.124, li.124, div.124
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��12;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.133, li.133, div.133
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��13;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明13;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明13 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.13Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��13;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明13 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明13;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.134, li.134, div.134
-	{mso-style-name:�б�13;
+	{mso-style-name:列表13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.26, li.26, div.26
-	{mso-style-name:��¼2;
+	{mso-style-name:附录2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@ p.26, li.26, div.26
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.36, li.36, div.36
-	{mso-style-name:��¼3;
+	{mso-style-name:附录3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1239,12 +1239,12 @@ p.36, li.36, div.36
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.3Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 3";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 3";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.16, li.16, div.16
-	{mso-style-name:��¼1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1255,14 +1255,14 @@ p.16, li.16, div.16
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.17, li.17, div.17
-	{mso-style-name:��¼��1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录表1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.42, li.42, div.42
-	{mso-style-name:��¼4;
+	{mso-style-name:附录4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1272,19 +1272,19 @@ p.42, li.42, div.42
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.4Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 4 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 4";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 4 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 4";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a3, li.a3, div.a3
-	{mso-style-name:��¼ͼ˵��;
+	{mso-style-name:附录图说明;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.27, li.27, div.27
-	{mso-style-name:�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1297,7 +1297,7 @@ p.27, li.27, div.27
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
-	{mso-style-name:�ο�����;
+	{mso-style-name:参考标题;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1308,7 +1308,7 @@ p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.18, li.18, div.18
-	{mso-style-name:��������1;
+	{mso-style-name:索引标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1319,7 +1319,7 @@ p.18, li.18, div.18
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.19, li.19, div.19
-	{mso-style-name:�б�1;
+	{mso-style-name:列表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ p.19, li.19, div.19
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
-	{mso-style-name:��1;
+	{mso-style-name:表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1341,14 +1341,14 @@ p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.37, li.37, div.37
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.62, li.62, div.62
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中字体6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1357,8 +1357,8 @@ p.62, li.62, div.62
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
-	{mso-style-name:���Ĵ���;
-	mso-style-link:"���Ĵ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:正文代码;
+	mso-style-link:"正文代码 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1366,11 +1366,11 @@ p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"���Ĵ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:���Ĵ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"正文代码 Char";
+	mso-style-link:正文代码;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.43, li.43, div.43
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 4 +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 4 +";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1380,7 +1380,7 @@ p.43, li.43, div.43
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.140, li.140, div.140
-	{mso-style-name:��14;
+	{mso-style-name:表14;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1391,8 +1391,8 @@ p.140, li.140, div.140
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.141, li.141, div.141
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��14;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明14;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明14 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1403,11 +1403,11 @@ p.141, li.141, div.141
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.14Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��14;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明14 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明14;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ�Ŀ¼��;
+	{mso-style-name:文件目录表;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1415,8 +1415,8 @@ p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� +";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 +";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 + Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1424,39 +1424,39 @@ p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 + Char";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 +";
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a8, li.a8, div.a8
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:表格题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a9, li.a9, div.a9
-	{mso-style-name:�б���ע;
+	{mso-style-name:列表题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.aa, li.aa, div.aa
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��ע;
+	{mso-style-name:图题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ab, li.ab, div.ab
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:程序题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
-	{mso-style-name:��������;
+	{mso-style-name:框中文字;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:21.0pt;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1469,7 +1469,7 @@ p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.125, li.125, div.125
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����2";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中2";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1480,14 +1480,14 @@ p.125, li.125, div.125
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.ad, li.ad, div.ad
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ���� ��� ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 宋体 五号 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
-	{mso-style-name:�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1498,16 +1498,16 @@ p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.38, li.38, div.38
-	{mso-style-name:�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
-	font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 p.63, li.63, div.63
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1515,7 +1515,7 @@ p.63, li.63, div.63
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.64, li.64, div.64
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6�������;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号左对齐;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:10.0pt;
@@ -1523,8 +1523,8 @@ p.64, li.64, div.64
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.65, li.65, div.65
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������6�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号;
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字6号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1533,11 +1533,11 @@ p.65, li.65, div.65
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.6Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������6�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ������6��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字6号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图中文字6号;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��;
+	{mso-style-name:图标;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1545,7 +1545,7 @@ p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.28, li.28, div.28
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图标2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ p.28, li.28, div.28
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af, li.af, div.af
-	{mso-style-name:ϰ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:习题标题;
 	margin-top:6.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1563,9 +1563,9 @@ p.af, li.af, div.af
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:14.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
-	{mso-style-name:���ֱ��1;
+	{mso-style-name:部分编号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1573,14 +1573,14 @@ p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
 	font-size:16.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af0, li.af0, div.af0
-	{mso-style-name:������;
+	{mso-style-name:表标题;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.af1, li.af1, div.af1
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1629,7 +1629,7 @@ p.RightText, li.RightText, div.RightText
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
-	{mso-style-name:��������С��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字小五;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1637,8 +1637,8 @@ p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
-	{mso-style-name:�ؼ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ؼ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:关键词;
+	mso-style-link:"关键词 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1646,12 +1646,12 @@ p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"�ؼ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ؼ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"关键词 Char";
+	mso-style-link:关键词;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ļ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:文件名;
+	mso-style-link:"文件名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1659,12 +1659,12 @@ p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"�ļ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ļ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"文件名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:文件名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
-	{mso-style-name:ѡ��;
-	mso-style-link:"ѡ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:选项;
+	mso-style-link:"选项 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1672,12 +1672,12 @@ p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char5
-	{mso-style-name:"ѡ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ѡ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"选项 Char";
+	mso-style-link:选项;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:命令行;
+	mso-style-link:"命令行 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1685,12 +1685,12 @@ p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char6
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"命令行 Char";
+	mso-style-link:命令行;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:函数名;
+	mso-style-link:"函数名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1698,12 +1698,12 @@ p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char7
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"函数名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:函数名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
-	{mso-style-name:�Ĵ�����;
-	mso-style-link:"�Ĵ����� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:寄存器名;
+	mso-style-link:"寄存器名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1711,12 +1711,12 @@ p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char8
-	{mso-style-name:"�Ĵ����� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�Ĵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:"寄存器名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:寄存器名;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:变量名;
+	mso-style-link:"变量名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1724,83 +1724,83 @@ p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char9
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"变量名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:变量名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.58, li.58, div.58
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.59, li.59, div.59
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5�ſ���;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号靠左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.926, li.926, div.926
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ������� + ���\:  9\.26 ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 代码程序 + 左侧\:  9\.26 厘米";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 5 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 5";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 5 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 5";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.6Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 6 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 6";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 6 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 6";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.7Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 7 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 7";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 7 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 7";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.8Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 8 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 8";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 8 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 8";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.9Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 9 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 9";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 9 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 9";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.Chara
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע�ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע�ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"脚注文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:脚注文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charb
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注文字 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注文字;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charc
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳü Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳü;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页眉 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页眉;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chard
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页脚 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页脚;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chare
-	{mso-style-name:"���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"日期 Char";
+	mso-style-link:日期;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.HTMLChar
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charf
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;
+	{mso-style-name:"批注主题 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注主题;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.Charf0
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע���ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注框文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注框文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 .MsoChpDefault
 	{font-size:10.0pt;}
  /* Page Definitions */
@@ -1825,7 +1825,7 @@ ul
 <div class=WordSection1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
 
 <p class=ab><a name="_Toc56863286"></a><a name="_Toc53320694"><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-4 linux/lib/dup.c</span></a></p>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-4 linux/lib/dup.c</span></a></p>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -1851,21 +1851,21 @@ linux/lib/dup.c</i></b></span></p>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__LIBRARY__</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>��׼ͷ�ļ��������˸��ַ��ų��������ͣ��������˸��ֺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>标准头文件。定义了各种符号常数和类型，并声明了各种函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�綨����<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>���򻹺�ϵͳ���úź���Ƕ���<span
-lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>�ȡ�</p>
+// </span>如定义了<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>，则还含系统调用号和内嵌汇编<span
+lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�����ļ�������������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>复制文件描述符函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����õ��ú꺯����Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>int dup(int fd)</span>��ֱ�ӵ�����ϵͳ�ж�<span lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>��������<span
-lang=EN-US>__NR_dup</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面该调用宏函数对应：<span
+lang=EN-US>int dup(int fd)</span>。直接调用了系统中断<span lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>，参数是<span
+lang=EN-US>__NR_dup</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>���ļ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>其中<span lang=EN-US>fd</span>是文件描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_syscall1</span></u>(int,<u><span style='color:blue'>dup</span></u>,int,fd)</span></p>
diff --git a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-5.html b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-5.html
index da700f4..61e713b 100644
--- a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-5.html
+++ b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-5.html
@@ -10,24 +10,24 @@
 	{font-family:Wingdings;
 	panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:宋体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	{font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@黑体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@宋体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����С���μ���";}
+	{font-family:"\@方正小标宋简体";}
  /* Style Definitions */
  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
 	{margin:0cm;
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 h1
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 1 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 1 Char";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ h1
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h2
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 2 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 2 Char";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ h2
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h3
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 3 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ h3
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h4
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 4 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 4 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ h4
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h5
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 5 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 5 Char";
 	margin-top:14.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:14.5pt;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ h5
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h6
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 6 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 6 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ h6
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 7 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 7 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 8 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 8 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.MsoHeading9, li.MsoHeading9, div.MsoHeading9
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 9 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 9 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -330,20 +330,20 @@ p.MsoToc9, li.MsoToc9, div.MsoToc9
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע�ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"脚注文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoCommentText, li.MsoCommentText, div.MsoCommentText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注文字 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳü Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页眉 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -353,14 +353,14 @@ p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页脚 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoIndexHeading, li.MsoIndexHeading, div.MsoIndexHeading
-	{mso-style-name:"��������\,������Ŀ\,������Ŀ1\,������Ŀ2";
+	{mso-style-name:"索引标题\,索引类目\,索引类目1\,索引类目2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ p.MsoList4, li.MsoList4, div.MsoList4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
-	{mso-style-link:"���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"日期 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -422,36 +422,36 @@ p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
-	{mso-style-name:"������\,��������";
+	{mso-style-name:"超链接\,超级链接";
 	color:blue;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
 	{color:purple;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 p
-	{mso-style-name:"��ͨ\(��վ\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)1\,��ͨ \(Web\)2\,��ͨ \(Web\)3";
+	{mso-style-name:"普通\(网站\)\,普通 \(Web\)\,普通 \(Web\)1\,普通 \(Web\)2\,普通 \(Web\)3";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 pre
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 tt
-	{font-family:����;}
+	{font-family:黑体;}
 p.MsoCommentSubject, li.MsoCommentSubject, div.MsoCommentSubject
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注主题 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注框文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1, li.1, div.1
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ1;
+	{mso-style-name:样式1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -470,30 +470,30 @@ p.1, li.1, div.1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a, li.a, div.a
-	{mso-style-name:�������;
-	mso-style-link:"������� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序;
+	mso-style-link:"代码程序 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Char
-	{mso-style-name:"������� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"代码程序 Char";
+	mso-style-link:代码程序;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a0, li.a0, div.a0
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.0, li.0, div.0
-	{mso-style-name:����0;
+	{mso-style-name:封面0;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ p.0, li.0, div.0
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.10, li.10, div.10
-	{mso-style-name:����1;
+	{mso-style-name:封面1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -509,25 +509,25 @@ p.10, li.10, div.10
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.11, li.11, div.11
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���1;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a1, li.a1, div.a1
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -535,11 +535,11 @@ p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.post, li.post, div.post
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ p.post, li.post, div.post
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3, li.3, div.3
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -555,44 +555,44 @@ p.3, li.3, div.3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar1CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar1CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char, li.5Char, div.5Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5CharChar0, li.5CharChar0, div.5CharChar0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char0, li.5Char0, div.5Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5, li.5, div.5
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -600,28 +600,28 @@ p.5, li.5, div.5
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.2, li.2, div.2
-	{mso-style-name:�������2;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.20, li.20, div.20
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.21, li.21, div.21
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -629,18 +629,18 @@ p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a2, li.a2, div.a2
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ����;
+	{mso-style-name:图居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.110, li.110, div.110
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����1";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中1";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -649,32 +649,32 @@ p.110, li.110, div.110
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.1Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 1 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 1";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 1 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 1";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.22, li.22, div.22
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ �б� 2 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 列表 2 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.23, li.23, div.23
-	{mso-style-name:�б�2;
+	{mso-style-name:列表2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.50, li.50, div.50
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.111, li.111, div.111
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ11;
+	{mso-style-name:样式11;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -685,20 +685,20 @@ p.111, li.111, div.111
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.12, li.12, div.12
-	{mso-style-name:�������1;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.13, li.13, div.13
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.01, li.01, div.01
-	{mso-style-name:����01;
+	{mso-style-name:封面01;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ p.01, li.01, div.01
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.112, li.112, div.112
-	{mso-style-name:����11;
+	{mso-style-name:封面11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -714,24 +714,24 @@ p.112, li.112, div.112
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.113, li.113, div.113
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���11;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题11;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.14, li.14, div.14
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post1;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.31, li.31, div.31
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������31;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体31;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -755,35 +755,35 @@ p.31, li.31, div.31
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char1, li.5Char1, div.5Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar1, li.5CharChar1, div.5CharChar1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char10, li.5Char10, div.5Char10
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.51, li.51, div.51
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.120, li.120, div.120
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ12;
+	{mso-style-name:样式12;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ p.120, li.120, div.120
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.02, li.02, div.02
-	{mso-style-name:����02;
+	{mso-style-name:封面02;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ p.02, li.02, div.02
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.121, li.121, div.121
-	{mso-style-name:����12;
+	{mso-style-name:封面12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -810,17 +810,17 @@ p.121, li.121, div.121
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.122, li.122, div.122
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���12;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题12;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@ p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post2;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.32, li.32, div.32
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������32;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体32;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -844,21 +844,21 @@ p.32, li.32, div.32
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char2, li.5Char2, div.5Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.52, li.52, div.52
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.130, li.130, div.130
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ13;
+	{mso-style-name:样式13;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -877,13 +877,13 @@ p.130, li.130, div.130
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.30, li.30, div.30
-	{mso-style-name:�������3;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.03, li.03, div.03
-	{mso-style-name:����03;
+	{mso-style-name:封面03;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ p.03, li.03, div.03
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.131, li.131, div.131
-	{mso-style-name:����13;
+	{mso-style-name:封面13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -899,24 +899,24 @@ p.131, li.131, div.131
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.132, li.132, div.132
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���13;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题13;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.33, li.33, div.33
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post3;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -932,7 +932,7 @@ p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.330, li.330, div.330
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������33;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体33;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -940,36 +940,36 @@ p.330, li.330, div.330
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char20, li.5Char20, div.5Char20
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar2, li.5CharChar2, div.5CharChar2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char3, li.5Char3, div.5Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.53, li.53, div.53
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -977,11 +977,11 @@ p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar5
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.54, li.54, div.54
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5紧密;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:9.0pt;
@@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ p.54, li.54, div.54
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.24, li.24, div.24
-	{mso-style-name:����2�Ŵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:居中2号粗宋体;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ p.24, li.24, div.24
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.15, li.15, div.15
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1008,7 +1008,7 @@ p.15, li.15, div.15
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.25, li.25, div.25
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 2 + �о�\: �����о�";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 2 + 行距\: 单倍行距";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1021,33 +1021,33 @@ p.25, li.25, div.25
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.2Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 2 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 2";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 2 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 2";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.34, li.34, div.34
-	{mso-style-name:�б�3;
+	{mso-style-name:列表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.35, li.35, div.35
-	{mso-style-name:��3;
+	{mso-style-name:表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.4, li.4, div.4
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��4;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.40, li.40, div.40
-	{mso-style-name:�б�4;
+	{mso-style-name:列表4;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1058,166 +1058,166 @@ p.40, li.40, div.40
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.41, li.41, div.41
-	{mso-style-name:��4;
+	{mso-style-name:表4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.55, li.55, div.55
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��5;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.56, li.56, div.56
-	{mso-style-name:�б�5;
+	{mso-style-name:列表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.57, li.57, div.57
-	{mso-style-name:��5;
+	{mso-style-name:表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.6, li.6, div.6
-	{mso-style-name:�б�6;
+	{mso-style-name:列表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.60, li.60, div.60
-	{mso-style-name:��6;
+	{mso-style-name:表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.61, li.61, div.61
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��6;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.7, li.7, div.7
-	{mso-style-name:�б�7;
+	{mso-style-name:列表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.70, li.70, div.70
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��7;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.71, li.71, div.71
-	{mso-style-name:��7;
+	{mso-style-name:表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.8, li.8, div.8
-	{mso-style-name:�б�8;
+	{mso-style-name:列表8;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.9, li.9, div.9
-	{mso-style-name:�б�9;
+	{mso-style-name:列表9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.90, li.90, div.90
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��9;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.100, li.100, div.100
-	{mso-style-name:�б�10;
+	{mso-style-name:列表10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.101, li.101, div.101
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��10;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.114, li.114, div.114
-	{mso-style-name:�б�11;
+	{mso-style-name:列表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.115, li.115, div.115
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��11;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.116, li.116, div.116
-	{mso-style-name:��11;
+	{mso-style-name:表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.123, li.123, div.123
-	{mso-style-name:�б�12;
+	{mso-style-name:列表12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.124, li.124, div.124
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��12;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.133, li.133, div.133
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��13;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明13;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明13 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.13Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��13;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明13 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明13;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.134, li.134, div.134
-	{mso-style-name:�б�13;
+	{mso-style-name:列表13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.26, li.26, div.26
-	{mso-style-name:��¼2;
+	{mso-style-name:附录2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@ p.26, li.26, div.26
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.36, li.36, div.36
-	{mso-style-name:��¼3;
+	{mso-style-name:附录3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1239,12 +1239,12 @@ p.36, li.36, div.36
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.3Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 3";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 3";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.16, li.16, div.16
-	{mso-style-name:��¼1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1255,14 +1255,14 @@ p.16, li.16, div.16
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.17, li.17, div.17
-	{mso-style-name:��¼��1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录表1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.42, li.42, div.42
-	{mso-style-name:��¼4;
+	{mso-style-name:附录4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1272,19 +1272,19 @@ p.42, li.42, div.42
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.4Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 4 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 4";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 4 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 4";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a3, li.a3, div.a3
-	{mso-style-name:��¼ͼ˵��;
+	{mso-style-name:附录图说明;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.27, li.27, div.27
-	{mso-style-name:�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1297,7 +1297,7 @@ p.27, li.27, div.27
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
-	{mso-style-name:�ο�����;
+	{mso-style-name:参考标题;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1308,7 +1308,7 @@ p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.18, li.18, div.18
-	{mso-style-name:��������1;
+	{mso-style-name:索引标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1319,7 +1319,7 @@ p.18, li.18, div.18
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.19, li.19, div.19
-	{mso-style-name:�б�1;
+	{mso-style-name:列表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ p.19, li.19, div.19
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
-	{mso-style-name:��1;
+	{mso-style-name:表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1341,14 +1341,14 @@ p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.37, li.37, div.37
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.62, li.62, div.62
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中字体6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1357,8 +1357,8 @@ p.62, li.62, div.62
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
-	{mso-style-name:���Ĵ���;
-	mso-style-link:"���Ĵ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:正文代码;
+	mso-style-link:"正文代码 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1366,11 +1366,11 @@ p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"���Ĵ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:���Ĵ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"正文代码 Char";
+	mso-style-link:正文代码;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.43, li.43, div.43
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 4 +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 4 +";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1380,7 +1380,7 @@ p.43, li.43, div.43
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.140, li.140, div.140
-	{mso-style-name:��14;
+	{mso-style-name:表14;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1391,8 +1391,8 @@ p.140, li.140, div.140
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.141, li.141, div.141
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��14;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明14;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明14 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1403,11 +1403,11 @@ p.141, li.141, div.141
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.14Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��14;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明14 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明14;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ�Ŀ¼��;
+	{mso-style-name:文件目录表;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1415,8 +1415,8 @@ p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� +";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 +";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 + Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1424,39 +1424,39 @@ p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 + Char";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 +";
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a8, li.a8, div.a8
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:表格题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a9, li.a9, div.a9
-	{mso-style-name:�б���ע;
+	{mso-style-name:列表题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.aa, li.aa, div.aa
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��ע;
+	{mso-style-name:图题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ab, li.ab, div.ab
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:程序题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
-	{mso-style-name:��������;
+	{mso-style-name:框中文字;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:21.0pt;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1469,7 +1469,7 @@ p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.125, li.125, div.125
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����2";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中2";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1480,14 +1480,14 @@ p.125, li.125, div.125
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.ad, li.ad, div.ad
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ���� ��� ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 宋体 五号 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
-	{mso-style-name:�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1498,16 +1498,16 @@ p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.38, li.38, div.38
-	{mso-style-name:�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
-	font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 p.63, li.63, div.63
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1515,7 +1515,7 @@ p.63, li.63, div.63
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.64, li.64, div.64
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6�������;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号左对齐;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:10.0pt;
@@ -1523,8 +1523,8 @@ p.64, li.64, div.64
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.65, li.65, div.65
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������6�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号;
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字6号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1533,11 +1533,11 @@ p.65, li.65, div.65
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.6Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������6�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ������6��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字6号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图中文字6号;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��;
+	{mso-style-name:图标;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1545,7 +1545,7 @@ p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.28, li.28, div.28
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图标2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ p.28, li.28, div.28
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af, li.af, div.af
-	{mso-style-name:ϰ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:习题标题;
 	margin-top:6.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1563,9 +1563,9 @@ p.af, li.af, div.af
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:14.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
-	{mso-style-name:���ֱ��1;
+	{mso-style-name:部分编号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1573,14 +1573,14 @@ p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
 	font-size:16.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af0, li.af0, div.af0
-	{mso-style-name:������;
+	{mso-style-name:表标题;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.af1, li.af1, div.af1
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1629,7 +1629,7 @@ p.RightText, li.RightText, div.RightText
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
-	{mso-style-name:��������С��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字小五;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1637,8 +1637,8 @@ p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
-	{mso-style-name:�ؼ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ؼ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:关键词;
+	mso-style-link:"关键词 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1646,12 +1646,12 @@ p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"�ؼ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ؼ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"关键词 Char";
+	mso-style-link:关键词;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ļ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:文件名;
+	mso-style-link:"文件名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1659,12 +1659,12 @@ p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"�ļ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ļ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"文件名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:文件名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
-	{mso-style-name:ѡ��;
-	mso-style-link:"ѡ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:选项;
+	mso-style-link:"选项 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1672,12 +1672,12 @@ p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char5
-	{mso-style-name:"ѡ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ѡ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"选项 Char";
+	mso-style-link:选项;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:命令行;
+	mso-style-link:"命令行 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1685,12 +1685,12 @@ p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char6
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"命令行 Char";
+	mso-style-link:命令行;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:函数名;
+	mso-style-link:"函数名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1698,12 +1698,12 @@ p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char7
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"函数名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:函数名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
-	{mso-style-name:�Ĵ�����;
-	mso-style-link:"�Ĵ����� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:寄存器名;
+	mso-style-link:"寄存器名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1711,12 +1711,12 @@ p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char8
-	{mso-style-name:"�Ĵ����� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�Ĵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:"寄存器名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:寄存器名;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:变量名;
+	mso-style-link:"变量名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1724,83 +1724,83 @@ p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char9
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"变量名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:变量名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.58, li.58, div.58
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.59, li.59, div.59
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5�ſ���;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号靠左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.926, li.926, div.926
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ������� + ���\:  9\.26 ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 代码程序 + 左侧\:  9\.26 厘米";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 5 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 5";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 5 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 5";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.6Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 6 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 6";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 6 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 6";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.7Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 7 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 7";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 7 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 7";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.8Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 8 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 8";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 8 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 8";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.9Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 9 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 9";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 9 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 9";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.Chara
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע�ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע�ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"脚注文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:脚注文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charb
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注文字 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注文字;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charc
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳü Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳü;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页眉 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页眉;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chard
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页脚 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页脚;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chare
-	{mso-style-name:"���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"日期 Char";
+	mso-style-link:日期;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.HTMLChar
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charf
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;
+	{mso-style-name:"批注主题 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注主题;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.Charf0
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע���ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注框文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注框文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 .MsoChpDefault
 	{font-size:10.0pt;}
  /* Page Definitions */
@@ -1825,7 +1825,7 @@ ul
 <div class=WordSection1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
 
 <p class=ab><a name="_Toc56863287"></a><a name="_Toc53320695"><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-5 linux/lib/errno.c</span></a></p>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-5 linux/lib/errno.c</span></a></p>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
diff --git a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-6.html b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-6.html
index 2452073..073807c 100644
--- a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-6.html
+++ b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-6.html
@@ -10,24 +10,24 @@
 	{font-family:Wingdings;
 	panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:宋体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	{font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@黑体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@宋体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����С���μ���";}
+	{font-family:"\@方正小标宋简体";}
  /* Style Definitions */
  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
 	{margin:0cm;
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 h1
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 1 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 1 Char";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ h1
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h2
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 2 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 2 Char";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ h2
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h3
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 3 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ h3
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h4
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 4 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 4 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ h4
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h5
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 5 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 5 Char";
 	margin-top:14.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:14.5pt;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ h5
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h6
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 6 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 6 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ h6
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 7 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 7 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 8 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 8 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.MsoHeading9, li.MsoHeading9, div.MsoHeading9
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 9 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 9 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -330,20 +330,20 @@ p.MsoToc9, li.MsoToc9, div.MsoToc9
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע�ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"脚注文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoCommentText, li.MsoCommentText, div.MsoCommentText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注文字 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳü Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页眉 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -353,14 +353,14 @@ p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页脚 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoIndexHeading, li.MsoIndexHeading, div.MsoIndexHeading
-	{mso-style-name:"��������\,������Ŀ\,������Ŀ1\,������Ŀ2";
+	{mso-style-name:"索引标题\,索引类目\,索引类目1\,索引类目2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ p.MsoList4, li.MsoList4, div.MsoList4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
-	{mso-style-link:"���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"日期 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -422,36 +422,36 @@ p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
-	{mso-style-name:"������\,��������";
+	{mso-style-name:"超链接\,超级链接";
 	color:blue;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
 	{color:purple;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 p
-	{mso-style-name:"��ͨ\(��վ\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)1\,��ͨ \(Web\)2\,��ͨ \(Web\)3";
+	{mso-style-name:"普通\(网站\)\,普通 \(Web\)\,普通 \(Web\)1\,普通 \(Web\)2\,普通 \(Web\)3";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 pre
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 tt
-	{font-family:����;}
+	{font-family:黑体;}
 p.MsoCommentSubject, li.MsoCommentSubject, div.MsoCommentSubject
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注主题 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注框文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1, li.1, div.1
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ1;
+	{mso-style-name:样式1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -470,30 +470,30 @@ p.1, li.1, div.1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a, li.a, div.a
-	{mso-style-name:�������;
-	mso-style-link:"������� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序;
+	mso-style-link:"代码程序 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Char
-	{mso-style-name:"������� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"代码程序 Char";
+	mso-style-link:代码程序;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a0, li.a0, div.a0
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.0, li.0, div.0
-	{mso-style-name:����0;
+	{mso-style-name:封面0;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ p.0, li.0, div.0
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.10, li.10, div.10
-	{mso-style-name:����1;
+	{mso-style-name:封面1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -509,25 +509,25 @@ p.10, li.10, div.10
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.11, li.11, div.11
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���1;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a1, li.a1, div.a1
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -535,11 +535,11 @@ p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.post, li.post, div.post
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ p.post, li.post, div.post
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3, li.3, div.3
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -555,44 +555,44 @@ p.3, li.3, div.3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar1CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar1CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char, li.5Char, div.5Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5CharChar0, li.5CharChar0, div.5CharChar0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char0, li.5Char0, div.5Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5, li.5, div.5
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -600,28 +600,28 @@ p.5, li.5, div.5
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.2, li.2, div.2
-	{mso-style-name:�������2;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.20, li.20, div.20
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.21, li.21, div.21
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -629,18 +629,18 @@ p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a2, li.a2, div.a2
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ����;
+	{mso-style-name:图居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.110, li.110, div.110
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����1";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中1";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -649,32 +649,32 @@ p.110, li.110, div.110
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.1Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 1 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 1";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 1 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 1";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.22, li.22, div.22
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ �б� 2 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 列表 2 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.23, li.23, div.23
-	{mso-style-name:�б�2;
+	{mso-style-name:列表2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.50, li.50, div.50
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.111, li.111, div.111
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ11;
+	{mso-style-name:样式11;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -685,20 +685,20 @@ p.111, li.111, div.111
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.12, li.12, div.12
-	{mso-style-name:�������1;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.13, li.13, div.13
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.01, li.01, div.01
-	{mso-style-name:����01;
+	{mso-style-name:封面01;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ p.01, li.01, div.01
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.112, li.112, div.112
-	{mso-style-name:����11;
+	{mso-style-name:封面11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -714,24 +714,24 @@ p.112, li.112, div.112
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.113, li.113, div.113
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���11;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题11;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.14, li.14, div.14
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post1;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.31, li.31, div.31
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������31;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体31;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -755,35 +755,35 @@ p.31, li.31, div.31
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char1, li.5Char1, div.5Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar1, li.5CharChar1, div.5CharChar1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char10, li.5Char10, div.5Char10
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.51, li.51, div.51
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.120, li.120, div.120
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ12;
+	{mso-style-name:样式12;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ p.120, li.120, div.120
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.02, li.02, div.02
-	{mso-style-name:����02;
+	{mso-style-name:封面02;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ p.02, li.02, div.02
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.121, li.121, div.121
-	{mso-style-name:����12;
+	{mso-style-name:封面12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -810,17 +810,17 @@ p.121, li.121, div.121
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.122, li.122, div.122
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���12;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题12;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@ p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post2;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.32, li.32, div.32
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������32;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体32;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -844,21 +844,21 @@ p.32, li.32, div.32
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char2, li.5Char2, div.5Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.52, li.52, div.52
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.130, li.130, div.130
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ13;
+	{mso-style-name:样式13;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -877,13 +877,13 @@ p.130, li.130, div.130
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.30, li.30, div.30
-	{mso-style-name:�������3;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.03, li.03, div.03
-	{mso-style-name:����03;
+	{mso-style-name:封面03;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ p.03, li.03, div.03
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.131, li.131, div.131
-	{mso-style-name:����13;
+	{mso-style-name:封面13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -899,24 +899,24 @@ p.131, li.131, div.131
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.132, li.132, div.132
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���13;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题13;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.33, li.33, div.33
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post3;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -932,7 +932,7 @@ p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.330, li.330, div.330
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������33;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体33;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -940,36 +940,36 @@ p.330, li.330, div.330
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char20, li.5Char20, div.5Char20
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar2, li.5CharChar2, div.5CharChar2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char3, li.5Char3, div.5Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.53, li.53, div.53
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -977,11 +977,11 @@ p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar5
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.54, li.54, div.54
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5紧密;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:9.0pt;
@@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ p.54, li.54, div.54
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.24, li.24, div.24
-	{mso-style-name:����2�Ŵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:居中2号粗宋体;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ p.24, li.24, div.24
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.15, li.15, div.15
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1008,7 +1008,7 @@ p.15, li.15, div.15
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.25, li.25, div.25
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 2 + �о�\: �����о�";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 2 + 行距\: 单倍行距";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1021,33 +1021,33 @@ p.25, li.25, div.25
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.2Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 2 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 2";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 2 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 2";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.34, li.34, div.34
-	{mso-style-name:�б�3;
+	{mso-style-name:列表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.35, li.35, div.35
-	{mso-style-name:��3;
+	{mso-style-name:表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.4, li.4, div.4
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��4;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.40, li.40, div.40
-	{mso-style-name:�б�4;
+	{mso-style-name:列表4;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1058,166 +1058,166 @@ p.40, li.40, div.40
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.41, li.41, div.41
-	{mso-style-name:��4;
+	{mso-style-name:表4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.55, li.55, div.55
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��5;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.56, li.56, div.56
-	{mso-style-name:�б�5;
+	{mso-style-name:列表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.57, li.57, div.57
-	{mso-style-name:��5;
+	{mso-style-name:表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.6, li.6, div.6
-	{mso-style-name:�б�6;
+	{mso-style-name:列表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.60, li.60, div.60
-	{mso-style-name:��6;
+	{mso-style-name:表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.61, li.61, div.61
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��6;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.7, li.7, div.7
-	{mso-style-name:�б�7;
+	{mso-style-name:列表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.70, li.70, div.70
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��7;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.71, li.71, div.71
-	{mso-style-name:��7;
+	{mso-style-name:表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.8, li.8, div.8
-	{mso-style-name:�б�8;
+	{mso-style-name:列表8;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.9, li.9, div.9
-	{mso-style-name:�б�9;
+	{mso-style-name:列表9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.90, li.90, div.90
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��9;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.100, li.100, div.100
-	{mso-style-name:�б�10;
+	{mso-style-name:列表10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.101, li.101, div.101
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��10;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.114, li.114, div.114
-	{mso-style-name:�б�11;
+	{mso-style-name:列表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.115, li.115, div.115
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��11;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.116, li.116, div.116
-	{mso-style-name:��11;
+	{mso-style-name:表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.123, li.123, div.123
-	{mso-style-name:�б�12;
+	{mso-style-name:列表12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.124, li.124, div.124
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��12;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.133, li.133, div.133
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��13;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明13;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明13 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.13Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��13;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明13 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明13;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.134, li.134, div.134
-	{mso-style-name:�б�13;
+	{mso-style-name:列表13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.26, li.26, div.26
-	{mso-style-name:��¼2;
+	{mso-style-name:附录2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@ p.26, li.26, div.26
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.36, li.36, div.36
-	{mso-style-name:��¼3;
+	{mso-style-name:附录3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1239,12 +1239,12 @@ p.36, li.36, div.36
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.3Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 3";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 3";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.16, li.16, div.16
-	{mso-style-name:��¼1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1255,14 +1255,14 @@ p.16, li.16, div.16
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.17, li.17, div.17
-	{mso-style-name:��¼��1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录表1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.42, li.42, div.42
-	{mso-style-name:��¼4;
+	{mso-style-name:附录4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1272,19 +1272,19 @@ p.42, li.42, div.42
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.4Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 4 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 4";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 4 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 4";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a3, li.a3, div.a3
-	{mso-style-name:��¼ͼ˵��;
+	{mso-style-name:附录图说明;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.27, li.27, div.27
-	{mso-style-name:�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1297,7 +1297,7 @@ p.27, li.27, div.27
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
-	{mso-style-name:�ο�����;
+	{mso-style-name:参考标题;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1308,7 +1308,7 @@ p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.18, li.18, div.18
-	{mso-style-name:��������1;
+	{mso-style-name:索引标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1319,7 +1319,7 @@ p.18, li.18, div.18
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.19, li.19, div.19
-	{mso-style-name:�б�1;
+	{mso-style-name:列表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ p.19, li.19, div.19
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
-	{mso-style-name:��1;
+	{mso-style-name:表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1341,14 +1341,14 @@ p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.37, li.37, div.37
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.62, li.62, div.62
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中字体6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1357,8 +1357,8 @@ p.62, li.62, div.62
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
-	{mso-style-name:���Ĵ���;
-	mso-style-link:"���Ĵ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:正文代码;
+	mso-style-link:"正文代码 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1366,11 +1366,11 @@ p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"���Ĵ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:���Ĵ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"正文代码 Char";
+	mso-style-link:正文代码;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.43, li.43, div.43
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 4 +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 4 +";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1380,7 +1380,7 @@ p.43, li.43, div.43
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.140, li.140, div.140
-	{mso-style-name:��14;
+	{mso-style-name:表14;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1391,8 +1391,8 @@ p.140, li.140, div.140
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.141, li.141, div.141
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��14;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明14;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明14 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1403,11 +1403,11 @@ p.141, li.141, div.141
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.14Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��14;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明14 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明14;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ�Ŀ¼��;
+	{mso-style-name:文件目录表;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1415,8 +1415,8 @@ p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� +";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 +";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 + Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1424,39 +1424,39 @@ p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 + Char";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 +";
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a8, li.a8, div.a8
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:表格题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a9, li.a9, div.a9
-	{mso-style-name:�б���ע;
+	{mso-style-name:列表题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.aa, li.aa, div.aa
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��ע;
+	{mso-style-name:图题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ab, li.ab, div.ab
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:程序题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
-	{mso-style-name:��������;
+	{mso-style-name:框中文字;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:21.0pt;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1469,7 +1469,7 @@ p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.125, li.125, div.125
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����2";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中2";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1480,14 +1480,14 @@ p.125, li.125, div.125
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.ad, li.ad, div.ad
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ���� ��� ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 宋体 五号 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
-	{mso-style-name:�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1498,16 +1498,16 @@ p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.38, li.38, div.38
-	{mso-style-name:�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
-	font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 p.63, li.63, div.63
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1515,7 +1515,7 @@ p.63, li.63, div.63
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.64, li.64, div.64
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6�������;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号左对齐;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:10.0pt;
@@ -1523,8 +1523,8 @@ p.64, li.64, div.64
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.65, li.65, div.65
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������6�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号;
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字6号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1533,11 +1533,11 @@ p.65, li.65, div.65
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.6Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������6�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ������6��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字6号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图中文字6号;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��;
+	{mso-style-name:图标;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1545,7 +1545,7 @@ p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.28, li.28, div.28
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图标2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ p.28, li.28, div.28
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af, li.af, div.af
-	{mso-style-name:ϰ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:习题标题;
 	margin-top:6.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1563,9 +1563,9 @@ p.af, li.af, div.af
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:14.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
-	{mso-style-name:���ֱ��1;
+	{mso-style-name:部分编号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1573,14 +1573,14 @@ p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
 	font-size:16.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af0, li.af0, div.af0
-	{mso-style-name:������;
+	{mso-style-name:表标题;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.af1, li.af1, div.af1
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1629,7 +1629,7 @@ p.RightText, li.RightText, div.RightText
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
-	{mso-style-name:��������С��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字小五;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1637,8 +1637,8 @@ p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
-	{mso-style-name:�ؼ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ؼ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:关键词;
+	mso-style-link:"关键词 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1646,12 +1646,12 @@ p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"�ؼ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ؼ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"关键词 Char";
+	mso-style-link:关键词;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ļ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:文件名;
+	mso-style-link:"文件名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1659,12 +1659,12 @@ p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"�ļ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ļ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"文件名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:文件名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
-	{mso-style-name:ѡ��;
-	mso-style-link:"ѡ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:选项;
+	mso-style-link:"选项 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1672,12 +1672,12 @@ p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char5
-	{mso-style-name:"ѡ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ѡ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"选项 Char";
+	mso-style-link:选项;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:命令行;
+	mso-style-link:"命令行 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1685,12 +1685,12 @@ p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char6
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"命令行 Char";
+	mso-style-link:命令行;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:函数名;
+	mso-style-link:"函数名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1698,12 +1698,12 @@ p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char7
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"函数名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:函数名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
-	{mso-style-name:�Ĵ�����;
-	mso-style-link:"�Ĵ����� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:寄存器名;
+	mso-style-link:"寄存器名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1711,12 +1711,12 @@ p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char8
-	{mso-style-name:"�Ĵ����� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�Ĵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:"寄存器名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:寄存器名;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:变量名;
+	mso-style-link:"变量名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1724,83 +1724,83 @@ p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char9
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"变量名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:变量名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.58, li.58, div.58
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.59, li.59, div.59
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5�ſ���;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号靠左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.926, li.926, div.926
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ������� + ���\:  9\.26 ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 代码程序 + 左侧\:  9\.26 厘米";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 5 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 5";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 5 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 5";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.6Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 6 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 6";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 6 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 6";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.7Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 7 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 7";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 7 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 7";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.8Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 8 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 8";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 8 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 8";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.9Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 9 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 9";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 9 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 9";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.Chara
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע�ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע�ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"脚注文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:脚注文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charb
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注文字 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注文字;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charc
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳü Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳü;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页眉 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页眉;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chard
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页脚 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页脚;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chare
-	{mso-style-name:"���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"日期 Char";
+	mso-style-link:日期;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.HTMLChar
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charf
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;
+	{mso-style-name:"批注主题 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注主题;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.Charf0
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע���ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注框文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注框文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 .MsoChpDefault
 	{font-size:10.0pt;}
  /* Page Definitions */
@@ -1825,7 +1825,7 @@ ul
 <div class=WordSection1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
 
 <p class=ab><a name="_Toc56863288"></a><a name="_Toc53320696"><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-6 linux/lib/execve.c</span></a></p>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-6 linux/lib/execve.c</span></a></p>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -1851,27 +1851,27 @@ linux/lib/execve.c</i></b></span></p>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__LIBRARY__</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>��׼ͷ�ļ��������˸��ַ��ų��������ͣ��������˸��ֺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>标准头文件。定义了各种符号常数和类型，并声明了各种函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�綨����<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>���򻹺�ϵͳ���úź���Ƕ���<span
-lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>�ȡ�</p>
+// </span>如定义了<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>，则还含系统调用号和内嵌汇编<span
+lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ز�ִ���ӽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>)</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>加载并执行子进程<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>其他程序<span lang=EN-US>)</span>函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����õ��ú꺯����Ӧ��<span
-lang=EN-US>int execve(const char * file, char ** argv, char ** envp)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面该调用宏函数对应：<span
+lang=EN-US>int execve(const char * file, char ** argv, char ** envp)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>file
-- </span>��ִ�г����ļ�����<span lang=EN-US>argv - </span>�����в���ָ�����飻<span lang=EN-US>envp
-- </span>��������ָ�����顣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>file
+- </span>被执行程序文件名；<span lang=EN-US>argv - </span>命令行参数指针数组；<span lang=EN-US>envp
+- </span>环境变量指针数组。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ֱ�ӵ�����ϵͳ�ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>__NR_execve</span>���μ�<span
-lang=EN-US>include/unistd.h</span>��<span lang=EN-US>fs/exec.c</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>直接调用了系统中断<span
+lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>，参数是<span lang=EN-US>__NR_execve</span>。参见<span
+lang=EN-US>include/unistd.h</span>和<span lang=EN-US>fs/exec.c</span>程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_syscall3</span></u>(int,<u><span style='color:blue'>execve</span></u>,const
diff --git a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-7.html b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-7.html
index ac6dc8f..155b209 100644
--- a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-7.html
+++ b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-7.html
@@ -11,24 +11,24 @@
 	{font-family:Wingdings;
 	panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:宋体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	{font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@黑体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@宋体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����С���μ���";}
+	{font-family:"\@方正小标宋简体";}
  /* Style Definitions */
  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
 	{margin:0cm;
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 h1
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 1 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 1 Char";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ h1
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h2
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 2 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 2 Char";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ h2
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h3
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 3 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ h3
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h4
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 4 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 4 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ h4
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h5
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 5 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 5 Char";
 	margin-top:14.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:14.5pt;
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ h5
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h6
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 6 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 6 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ h6
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 7 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 7 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 8 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 8 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.MsoHeading9, li.MsoHeading9, div.MsoHeading9
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 9 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 9 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -331,20 +331,20 @@ p.MsoToc9, li.MsoToc9, div.MsoToc9
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע�ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"脚注文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoCommentText, li.MsoCommentText, div.MsoCommentText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注文字 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳü Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页眉 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -354,14 +354,14 @@ p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页脚 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoIndexHeading, li.MsoIndexHeading, div.MsoIndexHeading
-	{mso-style-name:"��������\,������Ŀ\,������Ŀ1\,������Ŀ2";
+	{mso-style-name:"索引标题\,索引类目\,索引类目1\,索引类目2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ p.MsoList4, li.MsoList4, div.MsoList4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
-	{mso-style-link:"���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"日期 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -423,36 +423,36 @@ p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
-	{mso-style-name:"������\,��������";
+	{mso-style-name:"超链接\,超级链接";
 	color:blue;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
 	{color:purple;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 p
-	{mso-style-name:"��ͨ\(��վ\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)1\,��ͨ \(Web\)2\,��ͨ \(Web\)3";
+	{mso-style-name:"普通\(网站\)\,普通 \(Web\)\,普通 \(Web\)1\,普通 \(Web\)2\,普通 \(Web\)3";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 pre
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 tt
-	{font-family:����;}
+	{font-family:黑体;}
 p.MsoCommentSubject, li.MsoCommentSubject, div.MsoCommentSubject
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注主题 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注框文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1, li.1, div.1
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ1;
+	{mso-style-name:样式1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -471,30 +471,30 @@ p.1, li.1, div.1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a, li.a, div.a
-	{mso-style-name:�������;
-	mso-style-link:"������� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序;
+	mso-style-link:"代码程序 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Char
-	{mso-style-name:"������� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"代码程序 Char";
+	mso-style-link:代码程序;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a0, li.a0, div.a0
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.0, li.0, div.0
-	{mso-style-name:����0;
+	{mso-style-name:封面0;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@ p.0, li.0, div.0
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.10, li.10, div.10
-	{mso-style-name:����1;
+	{mso-style-name:封面1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -510,25 +510,25 @@ p.10, li.10, div.10
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.11, li.11, div.11
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���1;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a1, li.a1, div.a1
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -536,11 +536,11 @@ p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.post, li.post, div.post
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -548,7 +548,7 @@ p.post, li.post, div.post
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3, li.3, div.3
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -556,44 +556,44 @@ p.3, li.3, div.3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar1CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar1CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char, li.5Char, div.5Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5CharChar0, li.5CharChar0, div.5CharChar0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char0, li.5Char0, div.5Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5, li.5, div.5
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -601,28 +601,28 @@ p.5, li.5, div.5
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.2, li.2, div.2
-	{mso-style-name:�������2;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.20, li.20, div.20
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.21, li.21, div.21
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -630,18 +630,18 @@ p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a2, li.a2, div.a2
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ����;
+	{mso-style-name:图居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.110, li.110, div.110
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����1";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中1";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -650,32 +650,32 @@ p.110, li.110, div.110
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.1Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 1 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 1";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 1 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 1";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.22, li.22, div.22
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ �б� 2 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 列表 2 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.23, li.23, div.23
-	{mso-style-name:�б�2;
+	{mso-style-name:列表2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.50, li.50, div.50
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.111, li.111, div.111
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ11;
+	{mso-style-name:样式11;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -686,20 +686,20 @@ p.111, li.111, div.111
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.12, li.12, div.12
-	{mso-style-name:�������1;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.13, li.13, div.13
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.01, li.01, div.01
-	{mso-style-name:����01;
+	{mso-style-name:封面01;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -707,7 +707,7 @@ p.01, li.01, div.01
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.112, li.112, div.112
-	{mso-style-name:����11;
+	{mso-style-name:封面11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -715,24 +715,24 @@ p.112, li.112, div.112
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.113, li.113, div.113
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���11;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题11;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.14, li.14, div.14
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -740,7 +740,7 @@ p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post1;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -748,7 +748,7 @@ p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.31, li.31, div.31
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������31;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体31;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -756,35 +756,35 @@ p.31, li.31, div.31
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char1, li.5Char1, div.5Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar1, li.5CharChar1, div.5CharChar1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char10, li.5Char10, div.5Char10
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.51, li.51, div.51
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.120, li.120, div.120
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ12;
+	{mso-style-name:样式12;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -795,7 +795,7 @@ p.120, li.120, div.120
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.02, li.02, div.02
-	{mso-style-name:����02;
+	{mso-style-name:封面02;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -803,7 +803,7 @@ p.02, li.02, div.02
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.121, li.121, div.121
-	{mso-style-name:����12;
+	{mso-style-name:封面12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -811,17 +811,17 @@ p.121, li.121, div.121
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.122, li.122, div.122
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���12;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题12;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -829,7 +829,7 @@ p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post2;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -837,7 +837,7 @@ p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.32, li.32, div.32
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������32;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体32;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -845,21 +845,21 @@ p.32, li.32, div.32
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char2, li.5Char2, div.5Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.52, li.52, div.52
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -867,7 +867,7 @@ p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.130, li.130, div.130
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ13;
+	{mso-style-name:样式13;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -878,13 +878,13 @@ p.130, li.130, div.130
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.30, li.30, div.30
-	{mso-style-name:�������3;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.03, li.03, div.03
-	{mso-style-name:����03;
+	{mso-style-name:封面03;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -892,7 +892,7 @@ p.03, li.03, div.03
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.131, li.131, div.131
-	{mso-style-name:����13;
+	{mso-style-name:封面13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -900,24 +900,24 @@ p.131, li.131, div.131
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.132, li.132, div.132
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���13;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题13;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.33, li.33, div.33
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -925,7 +925,7 @@ p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post3;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -933,7 +933,7 @@ p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.330, li.330, div.330
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������33;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体33;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -941,36 +941,36 @@ p.330, li.330, div.330
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char20, li.5Char20, div.5Char20
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar2, li.5CharChar2, div.5CharChar2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char3, li.5Char3, div.5Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.53, li.53, div.53
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -978,11 +978,11 @@ p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar5
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.54, li.54, div.54
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5紧密;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:9.0pt;
@@ -990,7 +990,7 @@ p.54, li.54, div.54
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.24, li.24, div.24
-	{mso-style-name:����2�Ŵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:居中2号粗宋体;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -998,7 +998,7 @@ p.24, li.24, div.24
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.15, li.15, div.15
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1009,7 +1009,7 @@ p.15, li.15, div.15
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.25, li.25, div.25
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 2 + �о�\: �����о�";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 2 + 行距\: 单倍行距";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1022,33 +1022,33 @@ p.25, li.25, div.25
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.2Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 2 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 2";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 2 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 2";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.34, li.34, div.34
-	{mso-style-name:�б�3;
+	{mso-style-name:列表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.35, li.35, div.35
-	{mso-style-name:��3;
+	{mso-style-name:表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.4, li.4, div.4
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��4;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.40, li.40, div.40
-	{mso-style-name:�б�4;
+	{mso-style-name:列表4;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1059,166 +1059,166 @@ p.40, li.40, div.40
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.41, li.41, div.41
-	{mso-style-name:��4;
+	{mso-style-name:表4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.55, li.55, div.55
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��5;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.56, li.56, div.56
-	{mso-style-name:�б�5;
+	{mso-style-name:列表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.57, li.57, div.57
-	{mso-style-name:��5;
+	{mso-style-name:表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.6, li.6, div.6
-	{mso-style-name:�б�6;
+	{mso-style-name:列表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.60, li.60, div.60
-	{mso-style-name:��6;
+	{mso-style-name:表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.61, li.61, div.61
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��6;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.7, li.7, div.7
-	{mso-style-name:�б�7;
+	{mso-style-name:列表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.70, li.70, div.70
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��7;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.71, li.71, div.71
-	{mso-style-name:��7;
+	{mso-style-name:表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.8, li.8, div.8
-	{mso-style-name:�б�8;
+	{mso-style-name:列表8;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.9, li.9, div.9
-	{mso-style-name:�б�9;
+	{mso-style-name:列表9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.90, li.90, div.90
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��9;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.100, li.100, div.100
-	{mso-style-name:�б�10;
+	{mso-style-name:列表10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.101, li.101, div.101
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��10;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.114, li.114, div.114
-	{mso-style-name:�б�11;
+	{mso-style-name:列表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.115, li.115, div.115
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��11;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.116, li.116, div.116
-	{mso-style-name:��11;
+	{mso-style-name:表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.123, li.123, div.123
-	{mso-style-name:�б�12;
+	{mso-style-name:列表12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.124, li.124, div.124
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��12;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.133, li.133, div.133
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��13;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明13;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明13 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.13Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��13;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明13 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明13;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.134, li.134, div.134
-	{mso-style-name:�б�13;
+	{mso-style-name:列表13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.26, li.26, div.26
-	{mso-style-name:��¼2;
+	{mso-style-name:附录2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1230,7 +1230,7 @@ p.26, li.26, div.26
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.36, li.36, div.36
-	{mso-style-name:��¼3;
+	{mso-style-name:附录3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1240,12 +1240,12 @@ p.36, li.36, div.36
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.3Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 3";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 3";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.16, li.16, div.16
-	{mso-style-name:��¼1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1256,14 +1256,14 @@ p.16, li.16, div.16
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.17, li.17, div.17
-	{mso-style-name:��¼��1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录表1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.42, li.42, div.42
-	{mso-style-name:��¼4;
+	{mso-style-name:附录4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1273,19 +1273,19 @@ p.42, li.42, div.42
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.4Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 4 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 4";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 4 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 4";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a3, li.a3, div.a3
-	{mso-style-name:��¼ͼ˵��;
+	{mso-style-name:附录图说明;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.27, li.27, div.27
-	{mso-style-name:�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1298,7 +1298,7 @@ p.27, li.27, div.27
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
-	{mso-style-name:�ο�����;
+	{mso-style-name:参考标题;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1309,7 +1309,7 @@ p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.18, li.18, div.18
-	{mso-style-name:��������1;
+	{mso-style-name:索引标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1320,7 +1320,7 @@ p.18, li.18, div.18
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.19, li.19, div.19
-	{mso-style-name:�б�1;
+	{mso-style-name:列表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1331,7 +1331,7 @@ p.19, li.19, div.19
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
-	{mso-style-name:��1;
+	{mso-style-name:表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1342,14 +1342,14 @@ p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.37, li.37, div.37
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.62, li.62, div.62
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中字体6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1358,8 +1358,8 @@ p.62, li.62, div.62
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
-	{mso-style-name:���Ĵ���;
-	mso-style-link:"���Ĵ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:正文代码;
+	mso-style-link:"正文代码 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1367,11 +1367,11 @@ p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"���Ĵ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:���Ĵ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"正文代码 Char";
+	mso-style-link:正文代码;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.43, li.43, div.43
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 4 +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 4 +";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1381,7 +1381,7 @@ p.43, li.43, div.43
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.140, li.140, div.140
-	{mso-style-name:��14;
+	{mso-style-name:表14;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1392,8 +1392,8 @@ p.140, li.140, div.140
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.141, li.141, div.141
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��14;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明14;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明14 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1404,11 +1404,11 @@ p.141, li.141, div.141
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.14Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��14;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明14 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明14;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ�Ŀ¼��;
+	{mso-style-name:文件目录表;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1416,8 +1416,8 @@ p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� +";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 +";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 + Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1425,39 +1425,39 @@ p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 + Char";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 +";
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a8, li.a8, div.a8
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:表格题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a9, li.a9, div.a9
-	{mso-style-name:�б���ע;
+	{mso-style-name:列表题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.aa, li.aa, div.aa
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��ע;
+	{mso-style-name:图题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ab, li.ab, div.ab
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:程序题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
-	{mso-style-name:��������;
+	{mso-style-name:框中文字;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:21.0pt;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1470,7 +1470,7 @@ p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.125, li.125, div.125
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����2";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中2";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1481,14 +1481,14 @@ p.125, li.125, div.125
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.ad, li.ad, div.ad
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ���� ��� ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 宋体 五号 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
-	{mso-style-name:�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1499,16 +1499,16 @@ p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.38, li.38, div.38
-	{mso-style-name:�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
-	font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 p.63, li.63, div.63
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1516,7 +1516,7 @@ p.63, li.63, div.63
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.64, li.64, div.64
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6�������;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号左对齐;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:10.0pt;
@@ -1524,8 +1524,8 @@ p.64, li.64, div.64
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.65, li.65, div.65
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������6�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号;
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字6号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1534,11 +1534,11 @@ p.65, li.65, div.65
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.6Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������6�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ������6��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字6号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图中文字6号;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��;
+	{mso-style-name:图标;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1546,7 +1546,7 @@ p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.28, li.28, div.28
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图标2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1554,7 +1554,7 @@ p.28, li.28, div.28
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af, li.af, div.af
-	{mso-style-name:ϰ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:习题标题;
 	margin-top:6.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1564,9 +1564,9 @@ p.af, li.af, div.af
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:14.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
-	{mso-style-name:���ֱ��1;
+	{mso-style-name:部分编号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1574,14 +1574,14 @@ p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
 	font-size:16.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af0, li.af0, div.af0
-	{mso-style-name:������;
+	{mso-style-name:表标题;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.af1, li.af1, div.af1
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1630,7 +1630,7 @@ p.RightText, li.RightText, div.RightText
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
-	{mso-style-name:��������С��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字小五;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1638,8 +1638,8 @@ p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
-	{mso-style-name:�ؼ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ؼ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:关键词;
+	mso-style-link:"关键词 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1647,12 +1647,12 @@ p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"�ؼ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ؼ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"关键词 Char";
+	mso-style-link:关键词;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ļ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:文件名;
+	mso-style-link:"文件名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1660,12 +1660,12 @@ p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"�ļ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ļ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"文件名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:文件名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
-	{mso-style-name:ѡ��;
-	mso-style-link:"ѡ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:选项;
+	mso-style-link:"选项 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1673,12 +1673,12 @@ p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char5
-	{mso-style-name:"ѡ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ѡ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"选项 Char";
+	mso-style-link:选项;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:命令行;
+	mso-style-link:"命令行 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1686,12 +1686,12 @@ p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char6
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"命令行 Char";
+	mso-style-link:命令行;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:函数名;
+	mso-style-link:"函数名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1699,12 +1699,12 @@ p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char7
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"函数名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:函数名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
-	{mso-style-name:�Ĵ�����;
-	mso-style-link:"�Ĵ����� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:寄存器名;
+	mso-style-link:"寄存器名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1712,12 +1712,12 @@ p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char8
-	{mso-style-name:"�Ĵ����� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�Ĵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:"寄存器名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:寄存器名;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:变量名;
+	mso-style-link:"变量名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1725,83 +1725,83 @@ p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char9
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"变量名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:变量名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.58, li.58, div.58
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.59, li.59, div.59
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5�ſ���;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号靠左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.926, li.926, div.926
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ������� + ���\:  9\.26 ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 代码程序 + 左侧\:  9\.26 厘米";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 5 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 5";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 5 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 5";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.6Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 6 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 6";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 6 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 6";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.7Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 7 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 7";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 7 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 7";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.8Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 8 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 8";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 8 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 8";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.9Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 9 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 9";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 9 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 9";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.Chara
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע�ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע�ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"脚注文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:脚注文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charb
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注文字 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注文字;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charc
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳü Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳü;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页眉 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页眉;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chard
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页脚 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页脚;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chare
-	{mso-style-name:"���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"日期 Char";
+	mso-style-link:日期;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.HTMLChar
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charf
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;
+	{mso-style-name:"批注主题 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注主题;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.Charf0
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע���ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注框文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注框文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 .MsoChpDefault
 	{font-size:10.0pt;}
  /* Page Definitions */
@@ -1826,7 +1826,7 @@ ul
 <div class=WordSection1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
 
 <p class=ab><a name="_Toc56863289"></a><a name="_Toc53320697"><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-7 linux/lib/malloc.c</span></a></p>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-7 linux/lib/malloc.c</span></a></p>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -1969,110 +1969,110 @@ so it isn't all that bad.</i></b></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; malloc.c
-- Linux</span>��ͨ���ں��ڴ���亯����</p>
+- Linux</span>的通用内核内存分配函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>Theodore Ts'o</span>����<span lang=EN-US> (tytso@mit.edu), 11/29/91</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>由<span
+lang=EN-US>Theodore Ts'o</span>编制<span lang=EN-US> (tytso@mit.edu), 11/29/91</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ú�������д�ɾ����ܵؿ죬�Ӷ����Դ��жϲ���ô˺�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该函数被编写成尽可能地快，从而可以从中断层调用此函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ƣ�ʹ�øú���һ�����ܷ��������ڴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>4k</span>��Ҳ��<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>���ڴ�ҳ��Ĵ�С��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>限制：使用该函数一次所能分配的最大内存是<span
+lang=EN-US>4k</span>，也即<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>中内存页面的大小。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��д�ú�������ѭ��һ�������ÿҳ<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����Ϊһ���洢Ͱ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��������Ҫ���ɶ���Ĵ�С��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>编写该函数所遵循的一般规则是每页<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>被称为一个存储桶<span lang=EN-US>)</span>仅分配所要容纳对象的大小。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��һҳ�ϵ����ж����ͷź󣬸�ҳ�Ϳ��Է���ͨ�ÿ����ڴ�ء���<span
-lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>当一页上的所有对象都释放后，该页就可以返回通用空闲内存池。当<span
+lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>被调用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ʱ������Ѱ������Ҫ�����С�Ĵ洢Ͱ�����Ӹô洢Ͱ�з���һ���ڴ档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>时，它会寻找满足要求的最小的存储桶，并从该存储桶中分配一块内存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ÿ���洢Ͱ����һ����Ϊ������õĴ洢Ͱ�����������м�¼��ҳ�����ж��ٶ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>每个存储桶都有一个作为其控制用的存储桶描述符，其中记录了页面上有多少对象正被</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ʹ���Լ���ҳ�Ͽ����ڴ���б�������洢Ͱ����һ�����洢Ͱ������Ҳ�Ǵ洢��ʹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>使用以及该页上空闲内存的列表。就象存储桶自身一样，存储桶描述符也是存储在使用</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * get_free_page()</span>���뵽��ҳ���ϵģ�������洢Ͱ��ͬ���ǣ�Ͱ��������ռ�õ�ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * get_free_page()</span>申请到的页面上的，但是与存储桶不同的是，桶描述符所占用的页面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����ٻ��ͷŸ�ϵͳ�����˵���һ��ϵͳ��Լֻ��Ҫ<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��<span lang=EN-US>2</span>ҳ��Ͱ������ҳ�棬��Ϊһ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>将不再会释放给系统。幸运的是一个系统大约只需要<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>到<span lang=EN-US>2</span>页的桶描述符页面，因为一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��ҳ����Դ��<span
-lang=EN-US>256</span>��Ͱ������<span lang=EN-US>(</span>��Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>�ڴ�Ĵ洢Ͱҳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>�����ϵͳΪͰ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>个页面可以存放<span
+lang=EN-US>256</span>个桶描述符<span lang=EN-US>(</span>对应<span lang=EN-US>1MB</span>内存的存储桶页面<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。如果系统为桶描述符分</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���������ڴ棬��ô�϶�ϵͳʲô�ط���������<span
-lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>配了许多内存，那么肯定系统什么地方出了问题<span
+lang=EN-US style='font-family:Wingdings'>J</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>ע�⣡<span
-lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>free()</span>���߹ر����жϵĴ��벿�ֶ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>注意！<span
+lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>和<span lang=EN-US>free()</span>两者关闭了中断的代码部分都调用了<span
+lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>和</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; free_page()</span>��������ʹ<span lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>free()</span>���԰�ȫ�ر����жϳ����е���</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; free_page()</span>函数，以使<span lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>free()</span>可以安全地被从中断程序中调用</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (</span>��������룬������<span lang=EN-US>NFS</span>�ȱ����뵽<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>��ʱ�Ϳ�����Ҫ���ֹ���<span lang=EN-US>)</span>����ǰ</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (</span>当网络代码，尤其是<span lang=EN-US>NFS</span>等被加入到<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>中时就可能需要这种功能<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。但前</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>���Ǽ���<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>free_page()</span>�ǿ��԰�ȫ�����жϼ�������ʹ�õģ�</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>提是假设<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>和<span
+lang=EN-US>free_page()</span>是可以安全地在中断级程序中使用的，</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>����һ�������˷�ҳ����֮��Ϳ��ܲ��ǰ�ȫ�ġ�������������������ô����</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>这在一旦加入了分页处理之后就可能不是安全的。如果真是这种情况，那么我们</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>����Ҫ�޸�<span lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>����Ԥ�ȷ��䡱��ҳ���õ��ڴ棬���<span
-lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>��<span lang=EN-US>free()</span></p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>就需要修改<span lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>来“预先分配”几页不用的内存，如果<span
+lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>和<span lang=EN-US>free()</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�����жϳ����е���ʱ�Ϳ��԰�ȫ��ʹ����Щҳ�档</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>被从中断程序中调用时就可以安全地使用这些页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>������Ҫ���ǵ�����<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>��Ӧ��˯�ߣ������˯�ߵĻ�����Ϊ�˷�ֹ</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>另外需要考虑到的是<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>不应该睡眠；如果会睡眠的话，则为了防止</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�κξ���������������Ҫ��ϸ�ذ���˳�� �ؼ��������<span
-lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>�ǿ��������</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>任何竞争条件，代码需要仔细地安排顺序。 关键在于如果<span
+lang=EN-US>malloc()</span>是可以重入地</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>�����õĻ�����ô�ͻ���ڲ���Ҫ��ҳ�汻��ϵͳ��ȡ�ߵĻ��ᡣ��������Ͱ����</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>被调用的话，那么就会存在不必要的页面被从系统中取走的机会。除了用于桶描述</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>����ҳ�棬��Щ�����ҳ�����ջ��ͷŸ�ϵͳ�����Բ�������������������á�</p>
+*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>符的页面，这些额外的页面最终会释放给系统，所以并不是象想象的那样不好。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>�ں�ͷ�ļ�������һЩ�ں˳��ú�����ԭ�ζ��塣</p>
+#include &lt;linux/kernel.h&gt; // </span>内核头文件。含有一些内核常用函数的原形定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
-#include &lt;linux/mm.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڴ����ͷ�ļ�������ҳ���С�����һЩҳ���ͷź���ԭ�͡�</p>
+#include &lt;linux/mm.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内存管理头文件。含有页面大小定义和一些页面释放函数原型。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u>
-#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳͷ�ļ������������û��޸�������<span
-lang=EN-US>/</span>�ж��ŵȵ�Ƕ��ʽ���ꡣ</p>
+#include &lt;asm/system.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统头文件。定义了设置或修改描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>/</span>中断门等的嵌入式汇编宏。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�洢Ͱ�������ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>存储桶描述符结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>52</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/*
@@ -2080,29 +2080,29 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>53</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 void&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*page;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ͱ��������Ӧ���ڴ�ҳ��ָ�롣</p>
+*page;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该桶描述符对应的内存页面指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>54</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*next;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ��������ָ�롣</p>
+*next;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下一个描述符指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>55</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 void&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*freeptr;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��Ͱ�п����ڴ�λ�õ�ָ�롣</p>
+*freeptr;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指向本桶中空闲内存位置的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned short&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; refcnt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ü�����</p>
+// </span>引用计数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 unsigned short&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-bucket_size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������Ӧ�洢Ͱ�Ĵ�С��</p>
+bucket_size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>本描述符对应存储桶的大小。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>58</span></u> };</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>59</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�洢Ͱ������Ŀ¼�ṹ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>存储桶描述符目录结构。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>60</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>_bucket_dir</span></u> {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/*
@@ -2110,12 +2110,12 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>_bucket_dir</span></u> {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ô洢Ͱ�Ĵ�С<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�ֽ���<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+size;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该存储桶的大小<span lang=EN-US>(</span>字节数<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-*chain;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ô洢ͰĿ¼���Ͱ����������ָ�롣</p>
+*chain;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>该存储桶目录项的桶描述符链表指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>63</span></u> };</span></p>
 
@@ -2155,22 +2155,22 @@ Note that this list *must* be kept in order.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���������Ǵ�ŵ�һ��������С�洢Ͱ������ָ��ĵط���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面是我们存放第一个给定大小存储桶描述符指针的地方。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>�ں˷���������ָ����С�Ķ�����ô���Ǿ�ϣ������ָ���Ĵ�С�ӵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>如果<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>内核分配了许多指定大小的对象，那么我们就希望将该指定的大小加到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���б�<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>�У���Ϊ��������ʹ�ڴ�ķ������Ч�����ǣ���Ϊһҳ�����ڴ�ҳ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该列表<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>链表<span lang=EN-US>)</span>中，因为这样可以使内存的分配更有效。但是，因为一页完整内存页面</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���������б���ָ����С�����ж���������Ҫ����������Ĳ��Բ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>必须用于列表中指定大小的所有对象，所以需要做总数方面的测试操作。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�洢ͰĿ¼�б�<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>����<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>存储桶目录列表<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>数组<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>77</span></u>
 struct <u><span style='color:blue'>_bucket_dir</span></u> <u><span
@@ -2178,39 +2178,39 @@ style='color:blue'>bucket_dir</span></u>[] = {</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 16,&nbsp;&nbsp; (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *)
-0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 16</span>�ֽڳ��ȵ��ڴ�顣</p>
+0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 16</span>字节长度的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 32,&nbsp;&nbsp; (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *)
-0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 32</span>�ֽڳ��ȵ��ڴ�顣</p>
+0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 32</span>字节长度的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>80</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 64,&nbsp;&nbsp; (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *)
-0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 64</span>�ֽڳ��ȵ��ڴ�顣</p>
+0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 64</span>字节长度的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>81</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 128,&nbsp; (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *) 0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 128</span>�ֽڳ��ȵ��ڴ�顣</p>
+// 128</span>字节长度的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>82</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 256,&nbsp; (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *) 0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 256</span>�ֽڳ��ȵ��ڴ�顣</p>
+// 256</span>字节长度的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 512,&nbsp; (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *) 0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 512</span>�ֽڳ��ȵ��ڴ�顣</p>
+// 512</span>字节长度的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 1024, (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *) 0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 1024</span>�ֽڳ��ȵ��ڴ�顣</p>
+// 1024</span>字节长度的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>85</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 2048, (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *) 0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 2048</span>�ֽڳ��ȵ��ڴ�顣</p>
+// 2048</span>字节长度的内存块。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>86</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 4096, (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u> *) 0},&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// 4096</span>�ֽ�<span lang=EN-US>(1</span>ҳ<span lang=EN-US>)</span>�ڴ档</p>
+// 4096</span>字节<span lang=EN-US>(1</span>页<span lang=EN-US>)</span>内存。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 { 0,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (struct <u><span style='color:blue'>bucket_desc</span></u>
@@ -2227,7 +2227,7 @@ This contains a linked list of free bucket descriptor blocks</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�����Ǻ��п���Ͱ�������ڴ���������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面是含有空闲桶描述符内存块的链表。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -2247,14 +2247,14 @@ This routine initializes a bucket description page.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������ӳ������ڳ�ʼ��һҳͰ������ҳ�档</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面的子程序用于初始化一页桶描述符页面。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ʼ��Ͱ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>初始化桶描述符。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������Ͱ����������������<span
-lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>ָ���һ������Ͱ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>建立空闲桶描述符链表，并让<span
+lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>指向第一个空闲桶描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>97</span></u>
 static inline void <u><span style='color:blue'>init_bucket_desc</span></u>()</span></p>
@@ -2271,7 +2271,7 @@ int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>101</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����һҳ�ڴ棬���ڴ��Ͱ�����������ʧ�ܣ�����ʾ��ʼ��Ͱ������ʱ�ڴ治��������Ϣ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>申请一页内存，用于存放桶描述符。如果失败，则显示初始化桶描述符时内存不够出错信息，死机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>102</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; first = bdesc =
@@ -2286,7 +2286,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>panic</span></u>(<i>&quot;Out of memory in
 init_bucket_desc()&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ���һҳ�ڴ��пɴ�ŵ�Ͱ������������Ȼ����佨����������ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先计算一页内存中可存放的桶描述符数量，然后对其建立单向连接指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>105</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i = <u><span
@@ -2322,16 +2322,16 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*/</i></
 /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>������������ģ�Ŀ����Ϊ�˱�����<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>˯��ʱ���ӳ����ֱ�</p>
+* </span>这是在最后处理的，目的是为了避免在<span lang=EN-US>get_free_page()</span>睡眠时该子程序又被</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>���ö�����ľ���������</p>
+* </span>调用而引起的竞争条件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ͱ������ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>���������С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>将空闲桶描述符指针<span
+lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>加入链表中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>113</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bdesc-&gt;next = <u><span
@@ -2347,13 +2347,13 @@ lang=EN-US> }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���䶯̬�ڴ溯����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>分配动态内存函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>len
-- </span>������ڴ�鳤�ȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>len
+- </span>请求的内存块长度。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ�ָ�򱻷����ڴ��ָ�롣���ʧ���򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>NULL</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：指向被分配内存的指针。如果失败则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>NULL</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void *<u><span style='color:blue'>malloc</span></u>(unsigned int
@@ -2396,14 +2396,14 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*/</i></
 /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>�������������洢ͰĿ¼<span lang=EN-US>bucket_dir</span>��Ѱ���ʺ������Ͱ��С��</p>
+* </span>首先我们搜索存储桶目录<span lang=EN-US>bucket_dir</span>来寻找适合请求的桶大小。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����洢ͰĿ¼��Ѱ���ʺ������ڴ���С��Ͱ���������������Ŀ¼���Ͱ�ֽ�������������ֽ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>搜索存储桶目录，寻找适合申请内存块大小的桶描述符链表。如果目录项的桶字节数大于请求的字节</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ҵ��˶�Ӧ��ͰĿ¼�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>数，就找到了对应的桶目录项。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>127</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (bdir = <u><span
@@ -2417,10 +2417,10 @@ if (bdir-&gt;size &gt;= len)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������������Ŀ¼��û���ҵ����ʴ�С��Ŀ¼��������������ڴ���С̫�󣬳����˸�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果搜索完整个目录都没有找到合适大小的目录项，则表明所请求的内存块大小太大，超出了该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ķ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>(</span>�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��ҳ��<span lang=EN-US>)</span>��������ʾ������Ϣ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>程序的分配限制<span
+lang=EN-US>(</span>最长为<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个页面<span lang=EN-US>)</span>。于是显示出错信息，死机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (!bdir-&gt;size)
@@ -2456,7 +2456,7 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*/</i></
 /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>�����������������п��пռ��Ͱ��������</p>
+* </span>现在我们来搜索具有空闲空间的桶描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
@@ -2464,11 +2464,11 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*/</i></
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>138</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>cli</span></u>();&nbsp; <b><i>/* Avoid race conditions */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>Ϊ�˱�����־������������ȹ��ж�<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>为了避免出现竞争条件，首先关中断<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ӦͰĿ¼�������������������Ҿ��п��пռ��Ͱ�����������Ͱ�������Ŀ����ڴ�ָ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>搜索对应桶目录项中描述符链表，查找具有空闲空间的桶描述符。如果桶描述符的空闲内存指针</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // freeptr</span>��Ϊ�գ����ʾ�ҵ�����Ӧ��Ͱ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // freeptr</span>不为空，则表示找到了相应的桶描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>139</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (bdesc =
@@ -2500,7 +2500,7 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*/</i></
 /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>���û���ҵ����п��пռ��Ͱ����������ô���Ǿ�Ҫ�½���һ����Ŀ¼�����������</p>
+* </span>如果没有找到具有空闲空间的桶描述符，那么我们就要新建立一个该目录项的描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
@@ -2519,12 +2519,12 @@ int&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i;</
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>��Ϊ��ʱ����ʾ��һ�ε��øó��򣬻������������п�Ͱ�������������ꡣ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若<span lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>还为空时，表示第一次调用该程序，或者链表中所有空桶描述符都已用完。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʱ����Ҫ����һ��ҳ�沢�����Ͻ�������ʼ������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>��ָ���һ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>此时就需要申请一个页面并在其上建立并初始化空闲描述符链表。<span
+lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>会指向第一</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������Ͱ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>个空闲桶描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>150</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -2534,8 +2534,8 @@ if (!<u><span style='color:blue'>free_bucket_desc</span></u>)&nbsp; </span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>init_bucket_desc</span></u>();</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>ָ��Ŀ���Ͱ������������<span
-lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>ָ����һ������Ͱ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取<span lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>指向的空闲桶描述符，并让<span
+lang=EN-US>free_bucket_desc</span>指向下一个空闲桶描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>152</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -2545,11 +2545,11 @@ bdesc = <u><span style='color:blue'>free_bucket_desc</span></u>;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>free_bucket_desc</span></u> = bdesc-&gt;next;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʼ�����µ�Ͱ������������������������<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��Ͱ�Ĵ�С���ڶ�ӦͰĿ¼�Ĵ�С������һ�ڴ�ҳ�棬</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>初始化该新的桶描述符。令其引用数量等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>；桶的大小等于对应桶目录的大小；申请一内存页面，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������ҳ��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>page</span>ָ���ҳ�棻�����ڴ�ָ��Ҳָ���ҳ��ͷ����Ϊ��ʱȫΪ���С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>让描述符的页面指针<span
+lang=EN-US>page</span>指向该页面；空闲内存指针也指向该页开头，因为此时全为空闲。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>154</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -2563,7 +2563,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bdesc-&gt;page = bdesc-&gt;freeptr = (void *) cp = <u><span style='color:blue'>get_free_page</span></u>();</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ڴ�ҳ�����ʧ�ܣ�����ʾ������Ϣ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果申请内存页面操作失败，则显示出错信息，死机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -2579,12 +2579,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <b><i>/* Set up the chain of free objects */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>�ڸ�ҳ�����ڴ��н������ж�������<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>在该页空闲内存中建立空闲对象链表<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ը�ͰĿ¼��ָ����Ͱ��СΪ���󳤶ȣ��Ը�ҳ�ڴ���л��֣���ʹÿ������Ŀ�ʼ<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>�ֽ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>以该桶目录项指定的桶大小为对象长度，对该页内存进行划分，并使每个对象的开始<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>字节设置</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ָ����һ�����ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>成指向下一对象的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -2603,13 +2603,13 @@ cp += bdir-&gt;size;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���һ������ʼ����ָ������Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0(NULL)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后一个对象开始处的指针设置为<span
+lang=EN-US>0(NULL)</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ���ø�Ͱ����������һ������ָ���ֶ�ָ���ӦͰĿ¼��ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>chain</span>��ָ������������ͰĿ¼��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后让该桶描述符的下一描述符指针字段指向对应桶目录项指针<span
+lang=EN-US>chain</span>所指的描述符，而桶目录的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // chain</span>ָ���Ͱ��������Ҳ���������������뵽����������ͷ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // chain</span>指向该桶描述符，也即将该描述符插入到描述符链链头处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>164</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -2618,7 +2618,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 bdesc-&gt;next = bdir-&gt;chain; <b><i>/* OK, link it in! */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* OK</span>���������룡<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+/* OK</span>，将其链入！<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>166</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -2627,10 +2627,10 @@ bdir-&gt;chain = bdesc;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>167</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ�뼴���ڸ���������Ӧҳ��ĵ�ǰ����ָ�롣Ȼ������ÿ��пռ�ָ��ָ����һ�����ж���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回指针即等于该描述符对应页面的当前空闲指针。然后调整该空闲空间指针指向下一个空闲对象，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʹ�������ж�Ӧҳ���ж������ü�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>并使描述符中对应页面中对象引用计数增<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; retval = (void *)
@@ -2643,12 +2643,12 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bdesc-&gt;freeptr =
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>170</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bdesc-&gt;refcnt++;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��󿪷��жϣ�������ָ������ڴ�����ָ�롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>最后开放中断，并返回指向空闲内存对象的指针。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>171</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>sti</span></u>();&nbsp; <b><i>/* OK, we're safe again */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* OK</span>�����������ְ�ȫ��<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
+/* OK</span>，现在我们又安全了<span lang=EN-US>*/</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>172</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return(retval);</span></p>
@@ -2685,23 +2685,23 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;*/</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�������ͷ��ӳ��������֪���ͷŶ���Ĵ�С����<span
-lang=EN-US>free_s()</span>��ʹ�ø���Ϣ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>下面是释放子程序。如果你知道释放对象的大小，则<span
+lang=EN-US>free_s()</span>将使用该信息加速</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>��Ѱ��ӦͰ���������ٶȡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>搜寻对应桶描述符的速度。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>���ǽ�����һ���꣬ʹ��<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;free(x)&quot;</span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>&quot;free_s(x,
-0)&quot;</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>我们将定义一个宏，使得<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;free(x)&quot;</span>成为<span lang=EN-US>&quot;free_s(x,
+0)&quot;</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>�ͷŴ洢Ͱ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>释放存储桶对象。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>obj
-- </span>��Ӧ����ָ�룻<span lang=EN-US>size - </span>��С��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>obj
+- </span>对应对象指针；<span lang=EN-US>size - </span>大小。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>182</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> void <u><span style='color:blue'>free_s</span></u>(void *obj, int
@@ -2731,7 +2731,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Calculate
 what page this object lives in */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/*
-</span>����ö������ڵ�ҳ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+</span>计算该对象所在的页面<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; page = (void
@@ -2742,7 +2742,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <b><i>/* Now search
 the buckets looking for that page */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>���������洢ͰĿ¼�������ӵ�Ͱ��������Ѱ�Ҹ�ҳ��<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>现在搜索存储桶目录项所链接的桶描述符，寻找该页面<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span></p>
 
@@ -2759,7 +2759,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <b><i>/* If size is zero then this conditional is always false */</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>�������<span lang=EN-US>size</span>��<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�������������϶���<span
+/* </span>如果参数<span lang=EN-US>size</span>是<span lang=EN-US>0</span>，则下面条件肯定是<span
 lang=EN-US>false */ </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>194</span></u><span
@@ -2770,12 +2770,12 @@ if (bdir-&gt;size &lt; size)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 continue;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ӦĿ¼�������ӵ����������������Ҷ�Ӧҳ�档���ĳ������ҳ��ָ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>page</span>���ʾ�ҵ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>搜索对应目录项中链接的所有描述符，查找对应页面。如果某描述符页面指针等于<span
+lang=EN-US>page</span>则表示找到</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ӧ������������ת��<span
-lang=EN-US>found</span>����������������ж�Ӧ<span lang=EN-US>page</span>������������ָ��<span
-lang=EN-US>prev</span>ָ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>了相应的描述符，跳转到<span
+lang=EN-US>found</span>。如果描述符不含有对应<span lang=EN-US>page</span>，则让描述符指针<span
+lang=EN-US>prev</span>指向该描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>196</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -2801,7 +2801,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>201</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������˶�ӦĿ¼���������������û���ҵ�ָ����ҳ�棬����ʾ������Ϣ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若搜索了对应目录项的所有描述符都没有找到指定的页面，则显示出错信息，死机。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>202</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -2811,15 +2811,15 @@ free_s()&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>203</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US> found:</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ҵ���Ӧ��Ͱ�����������ȹ��жϡ�Ȼ�󽫸ö����ڴ��������п���������У���ʹ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>找到对应的桶描述符后，首先关中断。然后将该对象内存块链入空闲块对象链表中，并使该描述符</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ķ������ü�����<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的对象引用计数减<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>204</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>cli</span></u>(); <b><i>/* To avoid race conditions */</i></b>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-/* </span>Ϊ�˱��⾺������<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
+/* </span>为了避免竞争条件<span lang=EN-US> */</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>205</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *((void **)obj) =
@@ -2832,8 +2832,8 @@ obj;</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>207</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bdesc-&gt;refcnt--;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ü����ѵ���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�������ǾͿ����ͷŶ�Ӧ���ڴ�ҳ��͸�Ͱ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果引用计数已等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则我们就可以释放对应的内存页面和该桶描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>208</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if
@@ -2858,15 +2858,15 @@ lang=EN-US> <b><i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&n
 /*</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>������Ҫȷ��<span lang=EN-US>prev</span>��Ȼ����ȷ�ģ���ĳ�����³���ж�������</p>
+* </span>我们需要确信<span lang=EN-US>prev</span>仍然是正确的，若某程序粗鲁地中断了我们</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-* </span>���п��ܲ����ˡ�</p>
+* </span>就有可能不是了。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 */</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>prev</span>�Ѿ���������������������ǰһ����������������������ǰ��������ǰһ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>prev</span>已经不是搜索到的描述符的前一个描述符，则重新搜索当前描述符的前一个描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>213</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -2888,7 +2888,7 @@ if (prev-&gt;next == bdesc)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 break;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ҵ���ǰһ�����������������������ɾ����ǰ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果找到该前一个描述符，则从描述符链中删除当前描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>218</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -2898,14 +2898,14 @@ if (prev)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 prev-&gt;next = bdesc-&gt;next;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���<span lang=EN-US>prev==NULL</span>����˵����ǰһ���������Ǹ�Ŀ¼���׸���������Ҳ��Ŀ¼����<span
-lang=EN-US>chain</span>Ӧ��ֱ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>如果<span lang=EN-US>prev==NULL</span>，则说明当前一个描述符是该目录项首个描述符，也即目录项中<span
+lang=EN-US>chain</span>应该直接</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ָ��ǰ������<span
-lang=EN-US>bdesc</span>�������ʾ���������⣬����ʾ������Ϣ����������ˣ�Ϊ�˽���ǰ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>指向当前描述符<span
+lang=EN-US>bdesc</span>，否则表示链表有问题，则显示出错信息，死机。因此，为了将当前描述符</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��������ɾ����Ӧ����<span
-lang=EN-US>chain</span>ָ����һ����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>从链表中删除，应该让<span
+lang=EN-US>chain</span>指向下一个描述符。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>220</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -2928,7 +2928,7 @@ bdir-&gt;chain = bdesc-&gt;next;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ͷŵ�ǰ���������������ڴ�ҳ�棬�������������������������������ʼ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>释放当前描述符所操作的内存页面，并将该描述符插入空闲描述符链表开始处。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>225</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -2946,7 +2946,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>228</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���жϣ����ء�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>开中断，返回。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>229</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
diff --git a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-8.html b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-8.html
index dff03b4..4d44ba6 100644
--- a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-8.html
+++ b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-8.html
@@ -10,24 +10,24 @@
 	{font-family:Wingdings;
 	panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:宋体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	{font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@黑体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@宋体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����С���μ���";}
+	{font-family:"\@方正小标宋简体";}
  /* Style Definitions */
  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
 	{margin:0cm;
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 h1
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 1 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 1 Char";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ h1
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h2
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 2 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 2 Char";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ h2
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h3
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 3 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ h3
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h4
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 4 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 4 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ h4
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h5
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 5 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 5 Char";
 	margin-top:14.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:14.5pt;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ h5
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h6
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 6 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 6 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ h6
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 7 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 7 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 8 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 8 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.MsoHeading9, li.MsoHeading9, div.MsoHeading9
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 9 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 9 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -330,20 +330,20 @@ p.MsoToc9, li.MsoToc9, div.MsoToc9
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע�ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"脚注文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoCommentText, li.MsoCommentText, div.MsoCommentText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注文字 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳü Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页眉 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -353,14 +353,14 @@ p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页脚 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoIndexHeading, li.MsoIndexHeading, div.MsoIndexHeading
-	{mso-style-name:"��������\,������Ŀ\,������Ŀ1\,������Ŀ2";
+	{mso-style-name:"索引标题\,索引类目\,索引类目1\,索引类目2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ p.MsoList4, li.MsoList4, div.MsoList4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
-	{mso-style-link:"���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"日期 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -422,36 +422,36 @@ p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
-	{mso-style-name:"������\,��������";
+	{mso-style-name:"超链接\,超级链接";
 	color:blue;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
 	{color:purple;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 p
-	{mso-style-name:"��ͨ\(��վ\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)1\,��ͨ \(Web\)2\,��ͨ \(Web\)3";
+	{mso-style-name:"普通\(网站\)\,普通 \(Web\)\,普通 \(Web\)1\,普通 \(Web\)2\,普通 \(Web\)3";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 pre
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 tt
-	{font-family:����;}
+	{font-family:黑体;}
 p.MsoCommentSubject, li.MsoCommentSubject, div.MsoCommentSubject
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注主题 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注框文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1, li.1, div.1
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ1;
+	{mso-style-name:样式1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -470,30 +470,30 @@ p.1, li.1, div.1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a, li.a, div.a
-	{mso-style-name:�������;
-	mso-style-link:"������� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序;
+	mso-style-link:"代码程序 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Char
-	{mso-style-name:"������� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"代码程序 Char";
+	mso-style-link:代码程序;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a0, li.a0, div.a0
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.0, li.0, div.0
-	{mso-style-name:����0;
+	{mso-style-name:封面0;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ p.0, li.0, div.0
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.10, li.10, div.10
-	{mso-style-name:����1;
+	{mso-style-name:封面1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -509,25 +509,25 @@ p.10, li.10, div.10
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.11, li.11, div.11
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���1;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a1, li.a1, div.a1
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -535,11 +535,11 @@ p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.post, li.post, div.post
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ p.post, li.post, div.post
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3, li.3, div.3
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -555,44 +555,44 @@ p.3, li.3, div.3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar1CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar1CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char, li.5Char, div.5Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5CharChar0, li.5CharChar0, div.5CharChar0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char0, li.5Char0, div.5Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5, li.5, div.5
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -600,28 +600,28 @@ p.5, li.5, div.5
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.2, li.2, div.2
-	{mso-style-name:�������2;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.20, li.20, div.20
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.21, li.21, div.21
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -629,18 +629,18 @@ p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a2, li.a2, div.a2
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ����;
+	{mso-style-name:图居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.110, li.110, div.110
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����1";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中1";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -649,32 +649,32 @@ p.110, li.110, div.110
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.1Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 1 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 1";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 1 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 1";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.22, li.22, div.22
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ �б� 2 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 列表 2 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.23, li.23, div.23
-	{mso-style-name:�б�2;
+	{mso-style-name:列表2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.50, li.50, div.50
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.111, li.111, div.111
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ11;
+	{mso-style-name:样式11;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -685,20 +685,20 @@ p.111, li.111, div.111
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.12, li.12, div.12
-	{mso-style-name:�������1;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.13, li.13, div.13
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.01, li.01, div.01
-	{mso-style-name:����01;
+	{mso-style-name:封面01;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ p.01, li.01, div.01
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.112, li.112, div.112
-	{mso-style-name:����11;
+	{mso-style-name:封面11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -714,24 +714,24 @@ p.112, li.112, div.112
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.113, li.113, div.113
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���11;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题11;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.14, li.14, div.14
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post1;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.31, li.31, div.31
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������31;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体31;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -755,35 +755,35 @@ p.31, li.31, div.31
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char1, li.5Char1, div.5Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar1, li.5CharChar1, div.5CharChar1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char10, li.5Char10, div.5Char10
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.51, li.51, div.51
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.120, li.120, div.120
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ12;
+	{mso-style-name:样式12;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ p.120, li.120, div.120
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.02, li.02, div.02
-	{mso-style-name:����02;
+	{mso-style-name:封面02;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ p.02, li.02, div.02
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.121, li.121, div.121
-	{mso-style-name:����12;
+	{mso-style-name:封面12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -810,17 +810,17 @@ p.121, li.121, div.121
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.122, li.122, div.122
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���12;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题12;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@ p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post2;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.32, li.32, div.32
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������32;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体32;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -844,21 +844,21 @@ p.32, li.32, div.32
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char2, li.5Char2, div.5Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.52, li.52, div.52
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.130, li.130, div.130
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ13;
+	{mso-style-name:样式13;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -877,13 +877,13 @@ p.130, li.130, div.130
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.30, li.30, div.30
-	{mso-style-name:�������3;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.03, li.03, div.03
-	{mso-style-name:����03;
+	{mso-style-name:封面03;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ p.03, li.03, div.03
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.131, li.131, div.131
-	{mso-style-name:����13;
+	{mso-style-name:封面13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -899,24 +899,24 @@ p.131, li.131, div.131
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.132, li.132, div.132
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���13;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题13;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.33, li.33, div.33
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post3;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -932,7 +932,7 @@ p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.330, li.330, div.330
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������33;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体33;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -940,36 +940,36 @@ p.330, li.330, div.330
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char20, li.5Char20, div.5Char20
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar2, li.5CharChar2, div.5CharChar2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char3, li.5Char3, div.5Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.53, li.53, div.53
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -977,11 +977,11 @@ p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar5
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.54, li.54, div.54
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5紧密;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:9.0pt;
@@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ p.54, li.54, div.54
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.24, li.24, div.24
-	{mso-style-name:����2�Ŵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:居中2号粗宋体;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ p.24, li.24, div.24
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.15, li.15, div.15
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1008,7 +1008,7 @@ p.15, li.15, div.15
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.25, li.25, div.25
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 2 + �о�\: �����о�";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 2 + 行距\: 单倍行距";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1021,33 +1021,33 @@ p.25, li.25, div.25
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.2Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 2 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 2";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 2 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 2";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.34, li.34, div.34
-	{mso-style-name:�б�3;
+	{mso-style-name:列表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.35, li.35, div.35
-	{mso-style-name:��3;
+	{mso-style-name:表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.4, li.4, div.4
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��4;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.40, li.40, div.40
-	{mso-style-name:�б�4;
+	{mso-style-name:列表4;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1058,166 +1058,166 @@ p.40, li.40, div.40
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.41, li.41, div.41
-	{mso-style-name:��4;
+	{mso-style-name:表4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.55, li.55, div.55
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��5;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.56, li.56, div.56
-	{mso-style-name:�б�5;
+	{mso-style-name:列表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.57, li.57, div.57
-	{mso-style-name:��5;
+	{mso-style-name:表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.6, li.6, div.6
-	{mso-style-name:�б�6;
+	{mso-style-name:列表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.60, li.60, div.60
-	{mso-style-name:��6;
+	{mso-style-name:表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.61, li.61, div.61
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��6;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.7, li.7, div.7
-	{mso-style-name:�б�7;
+	{mso-style-name:列表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.70, li.70, div.70
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��7;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.71, li.71, div.71
-	{mso-style-name:��7;
+	{mso-style-name:表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.8, li.8, div.8
-	{mso-style-name:�б�8;
+	{mso-style-name:列表8;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.9, li.9, div.9
-	{mso-style-name:�б�9;
+	{mso-style-name:列表9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.90, li.90, div.90
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��9;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.100, li.100, div.100
-	{mso-style-name:�б�10;
+	{mso-style-name:列表10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.101, li.101, div.101
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��10;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.114, li.114, div.114
-	{mso-style-name:�б�11;
+	{mso-style-name:列表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.115, li.115, div.115
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��11;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.116, li.116, div.116
-	{mso-style-name:��11;
+	{mso-style-name:表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.123, li.123, div.123
-	{mso-style-name:�б�12;
+	{mso-style-name:列表12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.124, li.124, div.124
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��12;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.133, li.133, div.133
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��13;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明13;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明13 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.13Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��13;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明13 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明13;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.134, li.134, div.134
-	{mso-style-name:�б�13;
+	{mso-style-name:列表13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.26, li.26, div.26
-	{mso-style-name:��¼2;
+	{mso-style-name:附录2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@ p.26, li.26, div.26
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.36, li.36, div.36
-	{mso-style-name:��¼3;
+	{mso-style-name:附录3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1239,12 +1239,12 @@ p.36, li.36, div.36
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.3Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 3";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 3";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.16, li.16, div.16
-	{mso-style-name:��¼1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1255,14 +1255,14 @@ p.16, li.16, div.16
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.17, li.17, div.17
-	{mso-style-name:��¼��1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录表1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.42, li.42, div.42
-	{mso-style-name:��¼4;
+	{mso-style-name:附录4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1272,19 +1272,19 @@ p.42, li.42, div.42
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.4Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 4 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 4";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 4 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 4";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a3, li.a3, div.a3
-	{mso-style-name:��¼ͼ˵��;
+	{mso-style-name:附录图说明;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.27, li.27, div.27
-	{mso-style-name:�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1297,7 +1297,7 @@ p.27, li.27, div.27
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
-	{mso-style-name:�ο�����;
+	{mso-style-name:参考标题;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1308,7 +1308,7 @@ p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.18, li.18, div.18
-	{mso-style-name:��������1;
+	{mso-style-name:索引标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1319,7 +1319,7 @@ p.18, li.18, div.18
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.19, li.19, div.19
-	{mso-style-name:�б�1;
+	{mso-style-name:列表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ p.19, li.19, div.19
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
-	{mso-style-name:��1;
+	{mso-style-name:表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1341,14 +1341,14 @@ p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.37, li.37, div.37
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.62, li.62, div.62
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中字体6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1357,8 +1357,8 @@ p.62, li.62, div.62
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
-	{mso-style-name:���Ĵ���;
-	mso-style-link:"���Ĵ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:正文代码;
+	mso-style-link:"正文代码 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1366,11 +1366,11 @@ p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"���Ĵ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:���Ĵ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"正文代码 Char";
+	mso-style-link:正文代码;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.43, li.43, div.43
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 4 +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 4 +";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1380,7 +1380,7 @@ p.43, li.43, div.43
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.140, li.140, div.140
-	{mso-style-name:��14;
+	{mso-style-name:表14;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1391,8 +1391,8 @@ p.140, li.140, div.140
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.141, li.141, div.141
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��14;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明14;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明14 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1403,11 +1403,11 @@ p.141, li.141, div.141
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.14Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��14;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明14 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明14;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ�Ŀ¼��;
+	{mso-style-name:文件目录表;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1415,8 +1415,8 @@ p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� +";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 +";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 + Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1424,39 +1424,39 @@ p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 + Char";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 +";
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a8, li.a8, div.a8
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:表格题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a9, li.a9, div.a9
-	{mso-style-name:�б���ע;
+	{mso-style-name:列表题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.aa, li.aa, div.aa
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��ע;
+	{mso-style-name:图题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ab, li.ab, div.ab
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:程序题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
-	{mso-style-name:��������;
+	{mso-style-name:框中文字;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:21.0pt;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1469,7 +1469,7 @@ p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.125, li.125, div.125
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����2";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中2";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1480,14 +1480,14 @@ p.125, li.125, div.125
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.ad, li.ad, div.ad
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ���� ��� ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 宋体 五号 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
-	{mso-style-name:�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1498,16 +1498,16 @@ p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.38, li.38, div.38
-	{mso-style-name:�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
-	font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 p.63, li.63, div.63
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1515,7 +1515,7 @@ p.63, li.63, div.63
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.64, li.64, div.64
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6�������;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号左对齐;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:10.0pt;
@@ -1523,8 +1523,8 @@ p.64, li.64, div.64
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.65, li.65, div.65
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������6�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号;
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字6号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1533,11 +1533,11 @@ p.65, li.65, div.65
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.6Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������6�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ������6��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字6号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图中文字6号;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��;
+	{mso-style-name:图标;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1545,7 +1545,7 @@ p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.28, li.28, div.28
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图标2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ p.28, li.28, div.28
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af, li.af, div.af
-	{mso-style-name:ϰ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:习题标题;
 	margin-top:6.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1563,9 +1563,9 @@ p.af, li.af, div.af
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:14.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
-	{mso-style-name:���ֱ��1;
+	{mso-style-name:部分编号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1573,14 +1573,14 @@ p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
 	font-size:16.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af0, li.af0, div.af0
-	{mso-style-name:������;
+	{mso-style-name:表标题;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.af1, li.af1, div.af1
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1629,7 +1629,7 @@ p.RightText, li.RightText, div.RightText
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
-	{mso-style-name:��������С��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字小五;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1637,8 +1637,8 @@ p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
-	{mso-style-name:�ؼ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ؼ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:关键词;
+	mso-style-link:"关键词 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1646,12 +1646,12 @@ p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"�ؼ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ؼ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"关键词 Char";
+	mso-style-link:关键词;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ļ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:文件名;
+	mso-style-link:"文件名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1659,12 +1659,12 @@ p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"�ļ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ļ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"文件名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:文件名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
-	{mso-style-name:ѡ��;
-	mso-style-link:"ѡ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:选项;
+	mso-style-link:"选项 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1672,12 +1672,12 @@ p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char5
-	{mso-style-name:"ѡ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ѡ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"选项 Char";
+	mso-style-link:选项;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:命令行;
+	mso-style-link:"命令行 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1685,12 +1685,12 @@ p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char6
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"命令行 Char";
+	mso-style-link:命令行;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:函数名;
+	mso-style-link:"函数名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1698,12 +1698,12 @@ p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char7
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"函数名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:函数名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
-	{mso-style-name:�Ĵ�����;
-	mso-style-link:"�Ĵ����� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:寄存器名;
+	mso-style-link:"寄存器名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1711,12 +1711,12 @@ p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char8
-	{mso-style-name:"�Ĵ����� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�Ĵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:"寄存器名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:寄存器名;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:变量名;
+	mso-style-link:"变量名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1724,83 +1724,83 @@ p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char9
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"变量名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:变量名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.58, li.58, div.58
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.59, li.59, div.59
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5�ſ���;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号靠左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.926, li.926, div.926
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ������� + ���\:  9\.26 ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 代码程序 + 左侧\:  9\.26 厘米";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 5 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 5";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 5 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 5";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.6Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 6 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 6";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 6 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 6";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.7Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 7 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 7";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 7 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 7";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.8Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 8 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 8";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 8 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 8";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.9Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 9 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 9";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 9 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 9";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.Chara
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע�ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע�ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"脚注文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:脚注文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charb
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注文字 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注文字;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charc
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳü Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳü;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页眉 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页眉;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chard
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页脚 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页脚;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chare
-	{mso-style-name:"���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"日期 Char";
+	mso-style-link:日期;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.HTMLChar
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charf
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;
+	{mso-style-name:"批注主题 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注主题;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.Charf0
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע���ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注框文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注框文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 .MsoChpDefault
 	{font-size:10.0pt;}
  /* Page Definitions */
@@ -1825,7 +1825,7 @@ ul
 <div class=WordSection1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
 
 <p class=ab><a name="_Toc56863290"></a><a name="_Toc53320698"><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-8 linux/lib/open.c</span></a></p>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-8 linux/lib/open.c</span></a></p>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -1851,42 +1851,42 @@ linux/lib/open.c</i></b></span></p>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__LIBRARY__</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>��׼ͷ�ļ��������˸��ַ��ų��������ͣ��������˸��ֺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>标准头文件。定义了各种符号常数和类型，并声明了各种函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�綨����<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>���򻹺�ϵͳ���úź���Ƕ���<span
-lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>�ȡ�</p>
+// </span>如定义了<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>，则还含系统调用号和内嵌汇编<span
+lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u>
-#include &lt;stdarg.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��׼����ͷ�ļ����Ժ����ʽ������������б�����Ҫ˵����<span
-lang=EN-US>-</span>��</p>
+#include &lt;stdarg.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标准参数头文件。以宏的形式定义变量参数列表。主要说明了<span
+lang=EN-US>-</span>个</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>����<span lang=EN-US>(va_list)</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>(va_start,
-va_arg</span>��<span lang=EN-US>va_end)</span>������</p>
+// </span>类型<span lang=EN-US>(va_list)</span>和三个宏<span lang=EN-US>(va_start,
+va_arg</span>和<span lang=EN-US>va_end)</span>，用于</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-vsprintf</span>��<span lang=EN-US>vprintf</span>��<span lang=EN-US>vfprintf</span>������</p>
+vsprintf</span>、<span lang=EN-US>vprintf</span>、<span lang=EN-US>vfprintf</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>���ļ�������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>打开文件函数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�򿪲��п��ܴ���һ���ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>打开并有可能创建一个文件。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������<span lang=EN-US>filename
-- </span>�ļ�����<span lang=EN-US>flag - </span>�ļ��򿪱�־��<span lang=EN-US>...</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>参数：<span lang=EN-US>filename
+- </span>文件名；<span lang=EN-US>flag - </span>文件打开标志；<span lang=EN-US>...</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ��ļ������������������ó����룬������<span
-lang=EN-US>-1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：文件描述符，若出错则置出错码，并返回<span
+lang=EN-US>-1</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>13</span>�ж�����һ���Ĵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>res</span>���ñ�������������һ���Ĵ����У��Ա��ڸ�Ч���ʺͲ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>第<span lang=EN-US>13</span>行定义了一个寄存器变量<span
+lang=EN-US>res</span>，该变量将被保存在一个寄存器中，以便于高效访问和操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ָ����ŵļĴ���������<span
-lang=EN-US>eax</span>������ô���԰Ѹþ�д��<span lang=EN-US>��register int res
-asm(&quot;ax&quot;);</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若想指定存放的寄存器（例如<span
+lang=EN-US>eax</span>），那么可以把该句写成<span lang=EN-US>“register int res
+asm(&quot;ax&quot;);</span>”。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>11</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>open</span></u>(const char * filename, int flag,
@@ -1902,19 +1902,19 @@ register int res;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>15</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>va_start()</span>�꺯����ȡ��<span
-lang=EN-US>flag</span>���������ָ�룬Ȼ�����ϵͳ�ж�<span lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>open</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>利用<span lang=EN-US>va_start()</span>宏函数，取得<span
+lang=EN-US>flag</span>后面参数的指针，然后调用系统中断<span lang=EN-US>int 0x80</span>，功能<span
+lang=EN-US>open</span>进行</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ļ��򿪲�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>文件打开操作。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(</span>���ص��������������<span
-lang=EN-US>)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(</span>ϵͳ�жϵ��ù��ܺ�<span lang=EN-US>__NR_open)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %0 - eax(</span>返回的描述符或出错码<span
+lang=EN-US>)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%1 - eax(</span>系统中断调用功能号<span lang=EN-US>__NR_open)</span>；</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %2 - ebx(</span>�ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>filename)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(</span>���ļ���־<span
-lang=EN-US>flag)</span>��<span lang=EN-US>%4 - edx(</span>��������ļ�����<span
-lang=EN-US>mode)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // %2 - ebx(</span>文件名<span
+lang=EN-US>filename)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%3 - ecx(</span>打开文件标志<span
+lang=EN-US>flag)</span>；<span lang=EN-US>%4 - edx(</span>后随参数文件属性<span
+lang=EN-US>mode)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>16</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>va_start</span></u>(arg,flag);</span></p>
@@ -1932,8 +1932,8 @@ __asm__(<i>&quot;int $0x80&quot;</i></span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>20</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <i>&quot;d&quot;</i> (<u><span style='color:blue'>va_arg</span></u>(arg,int)));</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ϵͳ�жϵ��÷���ֵ���ڻ����<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ��һ���ļ�����������ֱ�ӷ���֮��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>系统中断调用返回值大于或等于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示是一个文件描述符，则直接返回之。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>21</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (res&gt;=0)</span></p>
@@ -1941,8 +1941,8 @@ if (res&gt;=0)</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>22</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 return res;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����˵������ֵС��<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>�������һ�������롣���øó����벢����<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>否则说明返回值小于<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，则代表一个出错码。设置该出错码并返回<span lang=EN-US>-1</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>23</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>errno</span></u> = -res;</span></p>
diff --git a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-9.html b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-9.html
index 96f8705..c3708a3 100644
--- a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-9.html
+++ b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P15-9.html
@@ -10,24 +10,24 @@
 	{font-family:Wingdings;
 	panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:宋体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	{font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@黑体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@宋体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����С���μ���";}
+	{font-family:"\@方正小标宋简体";}
  /* Style Definitions */
  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
 	{margin:0cm;
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 h1
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 1 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 1 Char";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ h1
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h2
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 2 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 2 Char";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ h2
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h3
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 3 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ h3
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h4
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 4 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 4 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ h4
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h5
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 5 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 5 Char";
 	margin-top:14.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:14.5pt;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ h5
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h6
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 6 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 6 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ h6
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 7 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 7 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 8 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 8 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.MsoHeading9, li.MsoHeading9, div.MsoHeading9
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 9 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 9 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -330,20 +330,20 @@ p.MsoToc9, li.MsoToc9, div.MsoToc9
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע�ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"脚注文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoCommentText, li.MsoCommentText, div.MsoCommentText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注文字 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳü Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页眉 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -353,14 +353,14 @@ p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页脚 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoIndexHeading, li.MsoIndexHeading, div.MsoIndexHeading
-	{mso-style-name:"��������\,������Ŀ\,������Ŀ1\,������Ŀ2";
+	{mso-style-name:"索引标题\,索引类目\,索引类目1\,索引类目2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ p.MsoList4, li.MsoList4, div.MsoList4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
-	{mso-style-link:"���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"日期 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -422,36 +422,36 @@ p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
-	{mso-style-name:"������\,��������";
+	{mso-style-name:"超链接\,超级链接";
 	color:blue;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
 	{color:purple;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 p
-	{mso-style-name:"��ͨ\(��վ\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)1\,��ͨ \(Web\)2\,��ͨ \(Web\)3";
+	{mso-style-name:"普通\(网站\)\,普通 \(Web\)\,普通 \(Web\)1\,普通 \(Web\)2\,普通 \(Web\)3";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 pre
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 tt
-	{font-family:����;}
+	{font-family:黑体;}
 p.MsoCommentSubject, li.MsoCommentSubject, div.MsoCommentSubject
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注主题 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注框文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1, li.1, div.1
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ1;
+	{mso-style-name:样式1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -470,30 +470,30 @@ p.1, li.1, div.1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a, li.a, div.a
-	{mso-style-name:�������;
-	mso-style-link:"������� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序;
+	mso-style-link:"代码程序 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Char
-	{mso-style-name:"������� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"代码程序 Char";
+	mso-style-link:代码程序;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a0, li.a0, div.a0
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.0, li.0, div.0
-	{mso-style-name:����0;
+	{mso-style-name:封面0;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ p.0, li.0, div.0
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.10, li.10, div.10
-	{mso-style-name:����1;
+	{mso-style-name:封面1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -509,25 +509,25 @@ p.10, li.10, div.10
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.11, li.11, div.11
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���1;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a1, li.a1, div.a1
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -535,11 +535,11 @@ p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.post, li.post, div.post
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ p.post, li.post, div.post
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3, li.3, div.3
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -555,44 +555,44 @@ p.3, li.3, div.3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar1CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar1CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char, li.5Char, div.5Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5CharChar0, li.5CharChar0, div.5CharChar0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char0, li.5Char0, div.5Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5, li.5, div.5
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -600,28 +600,28 @@ p.5, li.5, div.5
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.2, li.2, div.2
-	{mso-style-name:�������2;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.20, li.20, div.20
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.21, li.21, div.21
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -629,18 +629,18 @@ p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a2, li.a2, div.a2
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ����;
+	{mso-style-name:图居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.110, li.110, div.110
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����1";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中1";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -649,32 +649,32 @@ p.110, li.110, div.110
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.1Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 1 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 1";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 1 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 1";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.22, li.22, div.22
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ �б� 2 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 列表 2 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.23, li.23, div.23
-	{mso-style-name:�б�2;
+	{mso-style-name:列表2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.50, li.50, div.50
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.111, li.111, div.111
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ11;
+	{mso-style-name:样式11;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -685,20 +685,20 @@ p.111, li.111, div.111
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.12, li.12, div.12
-	{mso-style-name:�������1;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.13, li.13, div.13
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.01, li.01, div.01
-	{mso-style-name:����01;
+	{mso-style-name:封面01;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ p.01, li.01, div.01
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.112, li.112, div.112
-	{mso-style-name:����11;
+	{mso-style-name:封面11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -714,24 +714,24 @@ p.112, li.112, div.112
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.113, li.113, div.113
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���11;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题11;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.14, li.14, div.14
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post1;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.31, li.31, div.31
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������31;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体31;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -755,35 +755,35 @@ p.31, li.31, div.31
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char1, li.5Char1, div.5Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar1, li.5CharChar1, div.5CharChar1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char10, li.5Char10, div.5Char10
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.51, li.51, div.51
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.120, li.120, div.120
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ12;
+	{mso-style-name:样式12;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ p.120, li.120, div.120
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.02, li.02, div.02
-	{mso-style-name:����02;
+	{mso-style-name:封面02;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ p.02, li.02, div.02
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.121, li.121, div.121
-	{mso-style-name:����12;
+	{mso-style-name:封面12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -810,17 +810,17 @@ p.121, li.121, div.121
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.122, li.122, div.122
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���12;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题12;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@ p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post2;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.32, li.32, div.32
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������32;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体32;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -844,21 +844,21 @@ p.32, li.32, div.32
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char2, li.5Char2, div.5Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.52, li.52, div.52
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.130, li.130, div.130
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ13;
+	{mso-style-name:样式13;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -877,13 +877,13 @@ p.130, li.130, div.130
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.30, li.30, div.30
-	{mso-style-name:�������3;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.03, li.03, div.03
-	{mso-style-name:����03;
+	{mso-style-name:封面03;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ p.03, li.03, div.03
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.131, li.131, div.131
-	{mso-style-name:����13;
+	{mso-style-name:封面13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -899,24 +899,24 @@ p.131, li.131, div.131
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.132, li.132, div.132
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���13;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题13;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.33, li.33, div.33
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post3;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -932,7 +932,7 @@ p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.330, li.330, div.330
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������33;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体33;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -940,36 +940,36 @@ p.330, li.330, div.330
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char20, li.5Char20, div.5Char20
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar2, li.5CharChar2, div.5CharChar2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char3, li.5Char3, div.5Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.53, li.53, div.53
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -977,11 +977,11 @@ p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar5
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.54, li.54, div.54
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5紧密;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:9.0pt;
@@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ p.54, li.54, div.54
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.24, li.24, div.24
-	{mso-style-name:����2�Ŵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:居中2号粗宋体;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ p.24, li.24, div.24
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.15, li.15, div.15
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1008,7 +1008,7 @@ p.15, li.15, div.15
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.25, li.25, div.25
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 2 + �о�\: �����о�";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 2 + 行距\: 单倍行距";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1021,33 +1021,33 @@ p.25, li.25, div.25
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.2Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 2 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 2";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 2 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 2";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.34, li.34, div.34
-	{mso-style-name:�б�3;
+	{mso-style-name:列表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.35, li.35, div.35
-	{mso-style-name:��3;
+	{mso-style-name:表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.4, li.4, div.4
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��4;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.40, li.40, div.40
-	{mso-style-name:�б�4;
+	{mso-style-name:列表4;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1058,166 +1058,166 @@ p.40, li.40, div.40
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.41, li.41, div.41
-	{mso-style-name:��4;
+	{mso-style-name:表4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.55, li.55, div.55
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��5;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.56, li.56, div.56
-	{mso-style-name:�б�5;
+	{mso-style-name:列表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.57, li.57, div.57
-	{mso-style-name:��5;
+	{mso-style-name:表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.6, li.6, div.6
-	{mso-style-name:�б�6;
+	{mso-style-name:列表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.60, li.60, div.60
-	{mso-style-name:��6;
+	{mso-style-name:表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.61, li.61, div.61
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��6;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.7, li.7, div.7
-	{mso-style-name:�б�7;
+	{mso-style-name:列表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.70, li.70, div.70
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��7;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.71, li.71, div.71
-	{mso-style-name:��7;
+	{mso-style-name:表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.8, li.8, div.8
-	{mso-style-name:�б�8;
+	{mso-style-name:列表8;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.9, li.9, div.9
-	{mso-style-name:�б�9;
+	{mso-style-name:列表9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.90, li.90, div.90
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��9;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.100, li.100, div.100
-	{mso-style-name:�б�10;
+	{mso-style-name:列表10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.101, li.101, div.101
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��10;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.114, li.114, div.114
-	{mso-style-name:�б�11;
+	{mso-style-name:列表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.115, li.115, div.115
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��11;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.116, li.116, div.116
-	{mso-style-name:��11;
+	{mso-style-name:表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.123, li.123, div.123
-	{mso-style-name:�б�12;
+	{mso-style-name:列表12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.124, li.124, div.124
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��12;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.133, li.133, div.133
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��13;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明13;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明13 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.13Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��13;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明13 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明13;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.134, li.134, div.134
-	{mso-style-name:�б�13;
+	{mso-style-name:列表13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.26, li.26, div.26
-	{mso-style-name:��¼2;
+	{mso-style-name:附录2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@ p.26, li.26, div.26
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.36, li.36, div.36
-	{mso-style-name:��¼3;
+	{mso-style-name:附录3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1239,12 +1239,12 @@ p.36, li.36, div.36
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.3Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 3";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 3";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.16, li.16, div.16
-	{mso-style-name:��¼1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1255,14 +1255,14 @@ p.16, li.16, div.16
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.17, li.17, div.17
-	{mso-style-name:��¼��1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录表1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.42, li.42, div.42
-	{mso-style-name:��¼4;
+	{mso-style-name:附录4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1272,19 +1272,19 @@ p.42, li.42, div.42
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.4Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 4 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 4";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 4 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 4";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a3, li.a3, div.a3
-	{mso-style-name:��¼ͼ˵��;
+	{mso-style-name:附录图说明;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.27, li.27, div.27
-	{mso-style-name:�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1297,7 +1297,7 @@ p.27, li.27, div.27
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
-	{mso-style-name:�ο�����;
+	{mso-style-name:参考标题;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1308,7 +1308,7 @@ p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.18, li.18, div.18
-	{mso-style-name:��������1;
+	{mso-style-name:索引标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1319,7 +1319,7 @@ p.18, li.18, div.18
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.19, li.19, div.19
-	{mso-style-name:�б�1;
+	{mso-style-name:列表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ p.19, li.19, div.19
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
-	{mso-style-name:��1;
+	{mso-style-name:表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1341,14 +1341,14 @@ p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.37, li.37, div.37
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.62, li.62, div.62
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中字体6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1357,8 +1357,8 @@ p.62, li.62, div.62
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
-	{mso-style-name:���Ĵ���;
-	mso-style-link:"���Ĵ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:正文代码;
+	mso-style-link:"正文代码 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1366,11 +1366,11 @@ p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"���Ĵ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:���Ĵ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"正文代码 Char";
+	mso-style-link:正文代码;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.43, li.43, div.43
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 4 +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 4 +";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1380,7 +1380,7 @@ p.43, li.43, div.43
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.140, li.140, div.140
-	{mso-style-name:��14;
+	{mso-style-name:表14;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1391,8 +1391,8 @@ p.140, li.140, div.140
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.141, li.141, div.141
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��14;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明14;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明14 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1403,11 +1403,11 @@ p.141, li.141, div.141
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.14Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��14;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明14 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明14;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ�Ŀ¼��;
+	{mso-style-name:文件目录表;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1415,8 +1415,8 @@ p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� +";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 +";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 + Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1424,39 +1424,39 @@ p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 + Char";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 +";
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a8, li.a8, div.a8
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:表格题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a9, li.a9, div.a9
-	{mso-style-name:�б���ע;
+	{mso-style-name:列表题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.aa, li.aa, div.aa
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��ע;
+	{mso-style-name:图题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ab, li.ab, div.ab
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:程序题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
-	{mso-style-name:��������;
+	{mso-style-name:框中文字;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:21.0pt;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1469,7 +1469,7 @@ p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.125, li.125, div.125
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����2";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中2";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1480,14 +1480,14 @@ p.125, li.125, div.125
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.ad, li.ad, div.ad
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ���� ��� ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 宋体 五号 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
-	{mso-style-name:�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1498,16 +1498,16 @@ p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.38, li.38, div.38
-	{mso-style-name:�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
-	font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 p.63, li.63, div.63
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1515,7 +1515,7 @@ p.63, li.63, div.63
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.64, li.64, div.64
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6�������;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号左对齐;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:10.0pt;
@@ -1523,8 +1523,8 @@ p.64, li.64, div.64
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.65, li.65, div.65
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������6�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号;
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字6号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1533,11 +1533,11 @@ p.65, li.65, div.65
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.6Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������6�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ������6��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字6号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图中文字6号;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��;
+	{mso-style-name:图标;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1545,7 +1545,7 @@ p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.28, li.28, div.28
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图标2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ p.28, li.28, div.28
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af, li.af, div.af
-	{mso-style-name:ϰ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:习题标题;
 	margin-top:6.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1563,9 +1563,9 @@ p.af, li.af, div.af
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:14.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
-	{mso-style-name:���ֱ��1;
+	{mso-style-name:部分编号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1573,14 +1573,14 @@ p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
 	font-size:16.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af0, li.af0, div.af0
-	{mso-style-name:������;
+	{mso-style-name:表标题;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.af1, li.af1, div.af1
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1629,7 +1629,7 @@ p.RightText, li.RightText, div.RightText
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
-	{mso-style-name:��������С��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字小五;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1637,8 +1637,8 @@ p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
-	{mso-style-name:�ؼ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ؼ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:关键词;
+	mso-style-link:"关键词 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1646,12 +1646,12 @@ p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"�ؼ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ؼ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"关键词 Char";
+	mso-style-link:关键词;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ļ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:文件名;
+	mso-style-link:"文件名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1659,12 +1659,12 @@ p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"�ļ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ļ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"文件名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:文件名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
-	{mso-style-name:ѡ��;
-	mso-style-link:"ѡ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:选项;
+	mso-style-link:"选项 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1672,12 +1672,12 @@ p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char5
-	{mso-style-name:"ѡ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ѡ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"选项 Char";
+	mso-style-link:选项;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:命令行;
+	mso-style-link:"命令行 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1685,12 +1685,12 @@ p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char6
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"命令行 Char";
+	mso-style-link:命令行;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:函数名;
+	mso-style-link:"函数名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1698,12 +1698,12 @@ p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char7
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"函数名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:函数名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
-	{mso-style-name:�Ĵ�����;
-	mso-style-link:"�Ĵ����� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:寄存器名;
+	mso-style-link:"寄存器名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1711,12 +1711,12 @@ p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char8
-	{mso-style-name:"�Ĵ����� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�Ĵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:"寄存器名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:寄存器名;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:变量名;
+	mso-style-link:"变量名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1724,83 +1724,83 @@ p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char9
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"变量名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:变量名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.58, li.58, div.58
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.59, li.59, div.59
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5�ſ���;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号靠左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.926, li.926, div.926
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ������� + ���\:  9\.26 ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 代码程序 + 左侧\:  9\.26 厘米";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 5 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 5";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 5 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 5";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.6Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 6 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 6";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 6 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 6";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.7Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 7 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 7";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 7 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 7";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.8Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 8 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 8";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 8 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 8";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.9Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 9 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 9";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 9 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 9";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.Chara
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע�ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע�ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"脚注文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:脚注文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charb
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注文字 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注文字;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charc
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳü Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳü;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页眉 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页眉;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chard
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页脚 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页脚;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chare
-	{mso-style-name:"���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"日期 Char";
+	mso-style-link:日期;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.HTMLChar
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charf
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;
+	{mso-style-name:"批注主题 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注主题;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.Charf0
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע���ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注框文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注框文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 .MsoChpDefault
 	{font-size:10.0pt;}
  /* Page Definitions */
@@ -1825,7 +1825,7 @@ ul
 <div class=WordSection1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
 
 <p class=ab><a name="_Toc56863291"></a><a name="_Toc53320699"><span
-style='font-family:����'>����</span><span lang=EN-US>15-9 linux/lib/setsid.c</span></a></p>
+style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span lang=EN-US>15-9 linux/lib/setsid.c</span></a></p>
 
 <div class=a align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
 
@@ -1851,21 +1851,21 @@ linux/lib/setsid.c</i></b></span></p>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>__LIBRARY__</span></u></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>8</span></u>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>��׼ͷ�ļ��������˸��ַ��ų��������ͣ��������˸��ֺ�����</p>
+#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// Linux</span>标准头文件。定义了各种符号常数和类型，并声明了各种函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�綨����<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>���򻹺�ϵͳ���úź���Ƕ���<span
-lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>�ȡ�</p>
+// </span>如定义了<span lang=EN-US>__LIBRARY__</span>，则还含系统调用号和内嵌汇编<span
+lang=EN-US>_syscall0()</span>等。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp; <u><span style='color:blue'>9</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>����һ���Ự�����ý�����š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>创建一个会话并设置进程组号。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����ϵͳ���ú��Ӧ�ں�����<span
-lang=EN-US>pid_t setsid()</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面系统调用宏对应于函数：<span
+lang=EN-US>pid_t setsid()</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���أ����ý��̵ĻỰ��ʶ��<span
-lang=EN-US>(session ID)</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>返回：调用进程的会话标识符<span
+lang=EN-US>(session ID)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>10</span></u> <u><span
 style='color:blue'>_syscall0</span></u>(<u><span style='color:blue'>pid_t</span></u>,<u><span
diff --git a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P16-1.html b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P16-1.html
index 7bc2ad3..dc31fdc 100644
--- a/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P16-1.html
+++ b/Book-Lite/code-list/html/P16-1.html
@@ -10,24 +10,24 @@
 	{font-family:Wingdings;
 	panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:宋体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����;
+	{font-family:黑体;
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	{font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@黑体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 9 6 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����";
+	{font-family:"\@宋体";
 	panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1;}
 @font-face
-	{font-family:"\@����С���μ���";}
+	{font-family:"\@方正小标宋简体";}
  /* Style Definitions */
  p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
 	{margin:0cm;
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 h1
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 1 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 1 Char";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ h1
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h2
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 2 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 2 Char";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ h2
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h3
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 3 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ h3
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h4
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 4 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 4 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ h4
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h5
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 5 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 5 Char";
 	margin-top:14.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:14.5pt;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ h5
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 h6
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 6 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 6 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ h6
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 7 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 7 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 8 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 8 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ p.MsoHeading8, li.MsoHeading8, div.MsoHeading8
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.MsoHeading9, li.MsoHeading9, div.MsoHeading9
-	{mso-style-link:"���� 9 Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"标题 9 Char";
 	margin-top:12.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:3.2pt;
@@ -330,20 +330,20 @@ p.MsoToc9, li.MsoToc9, div.MsoToc9
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע�ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"脚注文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoCommentText, li.MsoCommentText, div.MsoCommentText
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注文字 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳü Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页眉 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -353,14 +353,14 @@ p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter
-	{mso-style-link:"ҳ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"页脚 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoIndexHeading, li.MsoIndexHeading, div.MsoIndexHeading
-	{mso-style-name:"��������\,������Ŀ\,������Ŀ1\,������Ŀ2";
+	{mso-style-name:"索引标题\,索引类目\,索引类目1\,索引类目2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ p.MsoList4, li.MsoList4, div.MsoList4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
-	{mso-style-link:"���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"日期 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -422,36 +422,36 @@ p.MsoDate, li.MsoDate, div.MsoDate
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
-	{mso-style-name:"������\,��������";
+	{mso-style-name:"超链接\,超级链接";
 	color:blue;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
 	{color:purple;
 	text-decoration:underline;}
 p
-	{mso-style-name:"��ͨ\(��վ\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)\,��ͨ \(Web\)1\,��ͨ \(Web\)2\,��ͨ \(Web\)3";
+	{mso-style-name:"普通\(网站\)\,普通 \(Web\)\,普通 \(Web\)1\,普通 \(Web\)2\,普通 \(Web\)3";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 pre
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 tt
-	{font-family:����;}
+	{font-family:黑体;}
 p.MsoCommentSubject, li.MsoCommentSubject, div.MsoCommentSubject
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注主题 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
-	{mso-style-link:"��ע���ı� Char";
+	{mso-style-link:"批注框文本 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1, li.1, div.1
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ1;
+	{mso-style-name:样式1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -470,30 +470,30 @@ p.1, li.1, div.1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a, li.a, div.a
-	{mso-style-name:�������;
-	mso-style-link:"������� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序;
+	mso-style-link:"代码程序 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Char
-	{mso-style-name:"������� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"代码程序 Char";
+	mso-style-link:代码程序;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a0, li.a0, div.a0
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.0, li.0, div.0
-	{mso-style-name:����0;
+	{mso-style-name:封面0;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ p.0, li.0, div.0
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.10, li.10, div.10
-	{mso-style-name:����1;
+	{mso-style-name:封面1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -509,25 +509,25 @@ p.10, li.10, div.10
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.11, li.11, div.11
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���1;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a1, li.a1, div.a1
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -535,11 +535,11 @@ p.3CharChar, li.3CharChar, div.3CharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.post, li.post, div.post
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ p.post, li.post, div.post
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3, li.3, div.3
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -555,44 +555,44 @@ p.3, li.3, div.3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar1CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.3CharChar1CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char1 Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char1 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char, li.5Char, div.5Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������5�� Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字5号 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5CharChar0, li.5CharChar0, div.5CharChar0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.5CharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字小5号 Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.5Char0, li.5Char0, div.5Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5, li.5, div.5
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -600,28 +600,28 @@ p.5, li.5, div.5
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.2, li.2, div.2
-	{mso-style-name:�������2;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.20, li.20, div.20
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.21, li.21, div.21
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -629,18 +629,18 @@ p.3CharCharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharCharCharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a2, li.a2, div.a2
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ����;
+	{mso-style-name:图居中;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.110, li.110, div.110
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����1";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中1";
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -649,32 +649,32 @@ p.110, li.110, div.110
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.1Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 1 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 1";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 1 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 1";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.22, li.22, div.22
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ �б� 2 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 列表 2 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.23, li.23, div.23
-	{mso-style-name:�б�2;
+	{mso-style-name:列表2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.50, li.50, div.50
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������5��;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字5号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.111, li.111, div.111
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ11;
+	{mso-style-name:样式11;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -685,20 +685,20 @@ p.111, li.111, div.111
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.12, li.12, div.12
-	{mso-style-name:�������1;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.13, li.13, div.13
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.01, li.01, div.01
-	{mso-style-name:����01;
+	{mso-style-name:封面01;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ p.01, li.01, div.01
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.112, li.112, div.112
-	{mso-style-name:����11;
+	{mso-style-name:封面11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -714,24 +714,24 @@ p.112, li.112, div.112
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.113, li.113, div.113
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���11;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题11;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.14, li.14, div.14
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ p.3Char1, li.3Char1, div.3Char1
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post1;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ p.post1, li.post1, div.post1
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.31, li.31, div.31
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������31;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体31;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -755,35 +755,35 @@ p.31, li.31, div.31
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char1, li.5Char1, div.5Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar1, li.5CharChar1, div.5CharChar1
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char10, li.5Char10, div.5Char10
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char1";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char1";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.51, li.51, div.51
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��1;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.120, li.120, div.120
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ12;
+	{mso-style-name:样式12;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ p.120, li.120, div.120
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.02, li.02, div.02
-	{mso-style-name:����02;
+	{mso-style-name:封面02;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ p.02, li.02, div.02
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.121, li.121, div.121
-	{mso-style-name:����12;
+	{mso-style-name:封面12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -810,17 +810,17 @@ p.121, li.121, div.121
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.122, li.122, div.122
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���12;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题12;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@ p.3Char2, li.3Char2, div.3Char2
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post2;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ p.post2, li.post2, div.post2
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.32, li.32, div.32
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������32;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体32;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -844,21 +844,21 @@ p.32, li.32, div.32
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char2, li.5Char2, div.5Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.52, li.52, div.52
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char Char Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char Char Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ p.3CharCharCharChar, li.3CharCharCharChar, div.3CharCharCharChar
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.130, li.130, div.130
-	{mso-style-name:��ʽ13;
+	{mso-style-name:样式13;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -877,13 +877,13 @@ p.130, li.130, div.130
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.30, li.30, div.30
-	{mso-style-name:�������3;
+	{mso-style-name:代码程序3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.03, li.03, div.03
-	{mso-style-name:����03;
+	{mso-style-name:封面03;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ p.03, li.03, div.03
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.131, li.131, div.131
-	{mso-style-name:����13;
+	{mso-style-name:封面13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -899,24 +899,24 @@ p.131, li.131, div.131
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.132, li.132, div.132
-	{mso-style-name:�Ǳ���13;
+	{mso-style-name:非标题13;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
 	margin-left:0cm;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:22.0pt;
-	font-family:����;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.33, li.33, div.33
-	{mso-style-name:�ı�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:文本居中3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -924,7 +924,7 @@ p.3Char3, li.3Char3, div.3Char3
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
-	{mso-style-name:�ʼ�post3;
+	{mso-style-name:邮件post3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:right;
@@ -932,7 +932,7 @@ p.post3, li.post3, div.post3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.330, li.330, div.330
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������33;
+	{mso-style-name:图中字体33;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -940,36 +940,36 @@ p.330, li.330, div.330
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char20, li.5Char20, div.5Char20
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������5�� Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字5号 Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5CharChar2, li.5CharChar2, div.5CharChar2
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char Char2";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char Char2";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.5Char3, li.5Char3, div.5Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������С5�� Char3";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字小5号 Char3";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.53, li.53, div.53
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -977,11 +977,11 @@ p.3Char, li.3Char, div.3Char
 	font-size:8.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.3CharChar5
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������3 Char Char5";
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������3 Char";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字3 Char Char5";
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字3 Char";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.54, li.54, div.54
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5紧密;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:9.0pt;
@@ -989,7 +989,7 @@ p.54, li.54, div.54
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.24, li.24, div.24
-	{mso-style-name:����2�Ŵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:居中2号粗宋体;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ p.24, li.24, div.24
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.15, li.15, div.15
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1008,7 +1008,7 @@ p.15, li.15, div.15
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.25, li.25, div.25
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 2 + �о�\: �����о�";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 2 + 行距\: 单倍行距";
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1021,33 +1021,33 @@ p.25, li.25, div.25
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.2Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 2 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 2";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 2 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 2";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.34, li.34, div.34
-	{mso-style-name:�б�3;
+	{mso-style-name:列表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.35, li.35, div.35
-	{mso-style-name:��3;
+	{mso-style-name:表3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.4, li.4, div.4
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��4;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.40, li.40, div.40
-	{mso-style-name:�б�4;
+	{mso-style-name:列表4;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1058,166 +1058,166 @@ p.40, li.40, div.40
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.41, li.41, div.41
-	{mso-style-name:��4;
+	{mso-style-name:表4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.55, li.55, div.55
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��5;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.56, li.56, div.56
-	{mso-style-name:�б�5;
+	{mso-style-name:列表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.57, li.57, div.57
-	{mso-style-name:��5;
+	{mso-style-name:表5;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.6, li.6, div.6
-	{mso-style-name:�б�6;
+	{mso-style-name:列表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.60, li.60, div.60
-	{mso-style-name:��6;
+	{mso-style-name:表6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.61, li.61, div.61
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��6;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明6;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.7, li.7, div.7
-	{mso-style-name:�б�7;
+	{mso-style-name:列表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.70, li.70, div.70
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��7;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.71, li.71, div.71
-	{mso-style-name:��7;
+	{mso-style-name:表7;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.8, li.8, div.8
-	{mso-style-name:�б�8;
+	{mso-style-name:列表8;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.9, li.9, div.9
-	{mso-style-name:�б�9;
+	{mso-style-name:列表9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.90, li.90, div.90
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��9;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明9;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.100, li.100, div.100
-	{mso-style-name:�б�10;
+	{mso-style-name:列表10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.101, li.101, div.101
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��10;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明10;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.114, li.114, div.114
-	{mso-style-name:�б�11;
+	{mso-style-name:列表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.115, li.115, div.115
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��11;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.116, li.116, div.116
-	{mso-style-name:��11;
+	{mso-style-name:表11;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.123, li.123, div.123
-	{mso-style-name:�б�12;
+	{mso-style-name:列表12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.124, li.124, div.124
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��12;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明12;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.133, li.133, div.133
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��13;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明13;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明13 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.13Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��13 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��13;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明13 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明13;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.134, li.134, div.134
-	{mso-style-name:�б�13;
+	{mso-style-name:列表13;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.26, li.26, div.26
-	{mso-style-name:��¼2;
+	{mso-style-name:附录2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@ p.26, li.26, div.26
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.36, li.36, div.36
-	{mso-style-name:��¼3;
+	{mso-style-name:附录3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1239,12 +1239,12 @@ p.36, li.36, div.36
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.3Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 3";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 3";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.16, li.16, div.16
-	{mso-style-name:��¼1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1255,14 +1255,14 @@ p.16, li.16, div.16
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.17, li.17, div.17
-	{mso-style-name:��¼��1;
+	{mso-style-name:附录表1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.42, li.42, div.42
-	{mso-style-name:��¼4;
+	{mso-style-name:附录4;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1272,19 +1272,19 @@ p.42, li.42, div.42
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.4Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 4 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 4";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 4 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 4";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a3, li.a3, div.a3
-	{mso-style-name:��¼ͼ˵��;
+	{mso-style-name:附录图说明;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.27, li.27, div.27
-	{mso-style-name:�����2;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题2;
 	margin-top:13.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:13.0pt;
@@ -1297,7 +1297,7 @@ p.27, li.27, div.27
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
-	{mso-style-name:�ο�����;
+	{mso-style-name:参考标题;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1308,7 +1308,7 @@ p.a4, li.a4, div.a4
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.18, li.18, div.18
-	{mso-style-name:��������1;
+	{mso-style-name:索引标题1;
 	margin-top:7.8pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:7.8pt;
@@ -1319,7 +1319,7 @@ p.18, li.18, div.18
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.19, li.19, div.19
-	{mso-style-name:�б�1;
+	{mso-style-name:列表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ p.19, li.19, div.19
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
-	{mso-style-name:��1;
+	{mso-style-name:表1;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1341,14 +1341,14 @@ p.1a, li.1a, div.1a
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.37, li.37, div.37
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��3;
+	{mso-style-name:图说明3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.62, li.62, div.62
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中字体6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1357,8 +1357,8 @@ p.62, li.62, div.62
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
-	{mso-style-name:���Ĵ���;
-	mso-style-link:"���Ĵ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:正文代码;
+	mso-style-link:"正文代码 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1366,11 +1366,11 @@ p.a5, li.a5, div.a5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char1
-	{mso-style-name:"���Ĵ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:���Ĵ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"正文代码 Char";
+	mso-style-link:正文代码;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.43, li.43, div.43
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 4 +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 4 +";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1380,7 +1380,7 @@ p.43, li.43, div.43
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.140, li.140, div.140
-	{mso-style-name:��14;
+	{mso-style-name:表14;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1391,8 +1391,8 @@ p.140, li.140, div.140
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.141, li.141, div.141
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ˵��14;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图说明14;
+	mso-style-link:"图说明14 Char";
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1403,11 +1403,11 @@ p.141, li.141, div.141
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.14Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ˵��14 Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ˵��14;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图说明14 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图说明14;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ�Ŀ¼��;
+	{mso-style-name:文件目录表;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1415,8 +1415,8 @@ p.a6, li.a6, div.a6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� +";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 +";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 + Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1424,39 +1424,39 @@ p.a7, li.a7, div.a7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char2
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� + Char";
-	mso-style-link:"��ʽ ���� +";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 正文 + Char";
+	mso-style-link:"样式 正文 +";
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.a8, li.a8, div.a8
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:表格题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.a9, li.a9, div.a9
-	{mso-style-name:�б���ע;
+	{mso-style-name:列表题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.aa, li.aa, div.aa
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��ע;
+	{mso-style-name:图题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ab, li.ab, div.ab
-	{mso-style-name:������ע;
+	{mso-style-name:程序题注;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
-	{mso-style-name:��������;
+	{mso-style-name:框中文字;
 	margin-top:0cm;
 	margin-right:21.0pt;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1469,7 +1469,7 @@ p.ac, li.ac, div.ac
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.125, li.125, div.125
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ���� 1 + ����2";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 标题 1 + 居中2";
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1480,14 +1480,14 @@ p.125, li.125, div.125
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.ad, li.ad, div.ad
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ���� ��� ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 宋体 五号 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.5pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
-	{mso-style-name:�����1;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题1;
 	margin-top:17.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:16.5pt;
@@ -1498,16 +1498,16 @@ p.1b, li.1b, div.1b
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 p.38, li.38, div.38
-	{mso-style-name:�����3;
+	{mso-style-name:序标题3;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:12.0pt;
-	font-family:����С���μ���;}
+	font-family:方正小标宋简体;}
 p.63, li.63, div.63
-	{mso-style-name:��������6��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字6号;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1515,7 +1515,7 @@ p.63, li.63, div.63
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.64, li.64, div.64
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6�������;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号左对齐;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	line-height:10.0pt;
@@ -1523,8 +1523,8 @@ p.64, li.64, div.64
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.65, li.65, div.65
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������6��;
-	mso-style-link:"ͼ������6�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字6号;
+	mso-style-link:"图中文字6号 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1533,11 +1533,11 @@ p.65, li.65, div.65
 	font-size:7.5pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.6Char
-	{mso-style-name:"ͼ������6�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ͼ������6��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"图中文字6号 Char";
+	mso-style-link:图中文字6号;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��;
+	{mso-style-name:图标;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1545,7 +1545,7 @@ p.ae, li.ae, div.ae
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.28, li.28, div.28
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ��2;
+	{mso-style-name:图标2;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ p.28, li.28, div.28
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af, li.af, div.af
-	{mso-style-name:ϰ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:习题标题;
 	margin-top:6.0pt;
 	margin-right:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:0cm;
@@ -1563,9 +1563,9 @@ p.af, li.af, div.af
 	text-justify:inter-ideograph;
 	page-break-after:avoid;
 	font-size:14.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:黑体;}
 p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
-	{mso-style-name:���ֱ��1;
+	{mso-style-name:部分编号1;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1573,14 +1573,14 @@ p.1c, li.1c, div.1c
 	font-size:16.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af0, li.af0, div.af0
-	{mso-style-name:������;
+	{mso-style-name:表标题;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 p.af1, li.af1, div.af1
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ��ע + ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 题注 + 居中";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:center;
@@ -1629,7 +1629,7 @@ p.RightText, li.RightText, div.RightText
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
-	{mso-style-name:��������С��;
+	{mso-style-name:表中文字小五;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1637,8 +1637,8 @@ p.af2, li.af2, div.af2
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
-	{mso-style-name:�ؼ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ؼ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:关键词;
+	mso-style-link:"关键词 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1646,12 +1646,12 @@ p.af3, li.af3, div.af3
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char3
-	{mso-style-name:"�ؼ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ؼ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"关键词 Char";
+	mso-style-link:关键词;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
-	{mso-style-name:�ļ���;
-	mso-style-link:"�ļ��� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:文件名;
+	mso-style-link:"文件名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1659,12 +1659,12 @@ p.af4, li.af4, div.af4
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"�ļ��� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�ļ���;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"文件名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:文件名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
-	{mso-style-name:ѡ��;
-	mso-style-link:"ѡ�� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:选项;
+	mso-style-link:"选项 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1672,12 +1672,12 @@ p.af5, li.af5, div.af5
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char5
-	{mso-style-name:"ѡ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ѡ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"选项 Char";
+	mso-style-link:选项;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:命令行;
+	mso-style-link:"命令行 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1685,12 +1685,12 @@ p.af6, li.af6, div.af6
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char6
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"命令行 Char";
+	mso-style-link:命令行;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:函数名;
+	mso-style-link:"函数名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1698,12 +1698,12 @@ p.af7, li.af7, div.af7
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char7
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"函数名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:函数名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
-	{mso-style-name:�Ĵ�����;
-	mso-style-link:"�Ĵ����� Char";
+	{mso-style-name:寄存器名;
+	mso-style-link:"寄存器名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1711,12 +1711,12 @@ p.af8, li.af8, div.af8
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char8
-	{mso-style-name:"�Ĵ����� Char";
-	mso-style-link:�Ĵ�����;
+	{mso-style-name:"寄存器名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:寄存器名;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
-	{mso-style-name:������;
-	mso-style-link:"������ Char";
+	{mso-style-name:变量名;
+	mso-style-link:"变量名 Char";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	text-align:justify;
@@ -1724,83 +1724,83 @@ p.af9, li.af9, div.af9
 	font-size:10.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 span.Char9
-	{mso-style-name:"������ Char";
-	mso-style-link:������;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"变量名 Char";
+	mso-style-link:变量名;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 p.58, li.58, div.58
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5����;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.59, li.59, div.59
-	{mso-style-name:ͼ������С5�ſ���;
+	{mso-style-name:图中文字小5号靠左;
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:9.0pt;
 	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
 p.926, li.926, div.926
-	{mso-style-name:"��ʽ ������� + ���\:  9\.26 ����";
+	{mso-style-name:"样式 代码程序 + 左侧\:  9\.26 厘米";
 	margin:0cm;
 	margin-bottom:.0001pt;
 	layout-grid-mode:char;
 	font-size:10.0pt;
-	font-family:����;}
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.5Char4
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 5 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 5";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 5 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 5";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.6Char0
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 6 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 6";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 6 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 6";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.7Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 7 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 7";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 7 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 7";
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.8Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 8 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 8";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 8 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 8";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.9Char
-	{mso-style-name:"���� 9 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"���� 9";
+	{mso-style-name:"标题 9 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"标题 9";
 	font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";}
 span.Chara
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע�ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע�ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"脚注文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:脚注文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charb
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注文字 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注文字;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charc
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳü Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳü;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页眉 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页眉;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chard
-	{mso-style-name:"ҳ�� Char";
-	mso-style-link:ҳ��;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"页脚 Char";
+	mso-style-link:页脚;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Chare
-	{mso-style-name:"���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:����;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"日期 Char";
+	mso-style-link:日期;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.HTMLChar
-	{mso-style-name:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ�� Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2 Char\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3 Char";
-	mso-style-link:"HTML Ԥ���ʽ\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��1\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��2\,HTML Ԥ�ȸ�ʽ��3";
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"HTML 预设格式 Char\,HTML 预先格式化 Char\,HTML 预先格式化1 Char\,HTML 预先格式化2 Char\,HTML 预先格式化3 Char";
+	mso-style-link:"HTML 预设格式\,HTML 预先格式化\,HTML 预先格式化1\,HTML 预先格式化2\,HTML 预先格式化3";
+	font-family:宋体;}
 span.Charf
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע����;
-	font-family:����;
+	{mso-style-name:"批注主题 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注主题;
+	font-family:宋体;
 	font-weight:bold;}
 span.Charf0
-	{mso-style-name:"��ע���ı� Char";
-	mso-style-link:��ע���ı�;
-	font-family:����;}
+	{mso-style-name:"批注框文本 Char";
+	mso-style-link:批注框文本;
+	font-family:宋体;}
 .MsoChpDefault
 	{font-size:10.0pt;}
  /* Page Definitions */
@@ -1824,7 +1824,7 @@ ul
 
 <div class=WordSection1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
 
-<p class=ab><a name="_Toc53320703"><span style='font-family:����'>����</span><span
+<p class=ab><a name="_Toc53320703"><span style='font-family:黑体'>程序</span><span
 lang=EN-US>16-1 linux/tools/build.c</span></a></p>
 
 <div class=926 align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US>
@@ -1878,25 +1878,25 @@ the right amount. It also writes some system data to stderr.</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ó����������ͬ�ĳ����д�������ӳ���ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该程序从三个不同的程序中创建磁盘映像文件：</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * - bootsect</span>�����ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>8086</span>�������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>510</span>�ֽڣ����ڼ�����������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * - bootsect</span>：该文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>8086</span>机器码最长为<span lang=EN-US>510</span>字节，用于加载其他程序。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * - setup</span>�����ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>8086</span>�������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>4</span>��������������������ϵͳ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * - setup</span>：该文件的<span
+lang=EN-US>8086</span>机器码最长为<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个磁盘扇区，用于设置系统参数。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * - system</span>��ʵ��ϵͳ��<span
-lang=EN-US>80386</span>���롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * - system</span>：实际系统的<span
+lang=EN-US>80386</span>代码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>�ó������ȼ�����г���ģ��������Ƿ���ȷ��������������ն�����ʾ������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>该程序首先检查所有程序模块的类型是否正确，并将检查结果在终端上显示出来，</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>Ȼ��ɾ��ģ��ͷ�����������ȷ�ĳ��ȡ��ó���Ҳ�ὫһЩϵͳ����д��<span
-lang=EN-US>stderr</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>然后删除模块头部并扩充大正确的长度。该程序也会将一些系统数据写到<span
+lang=EN-US>stderr</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
 
@@ -1916,11 +1916,11 @@ Added swap-device specification: Linux 20.12.91</i></b></span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /*</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * tytso</span>�Ըó��������޸ģ�������ָ�����ļ��豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * tytso</span>对该程序作了修改，以允许指定根文件设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>������ָ�������豸���ܣ�<span
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * </span>添加了指定交换设备功能：<span
 lang=EN-US>Linus 20.12.91</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; */</span></p>
@@ -1929,81 +1929,81 @@ lang=EN-US>Linus 20.12.91</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>25</span></u>
 #include &lt;stdio.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* fprintf */&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ʹ�����е�<span lang=EN-US>fprintf()</span>������</p>
+// </span>使用其中的<span lang=EN-US>fprintf()</span>函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>26</span></u>
 #include &lt;string.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ַ�������������</p>
+// </span>字符串操作函数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>27</span></u>
 #include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* contains exit */&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>exit</span>����ԭ��˵����</p>
+// </span>含<span lang=EN-US>exit</span>函数原型说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>28</span></u>
-#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp; /* unistd.h needs this */&nbsp; // </span>��ͷ�ļ���<span
-lang=EN-US>unistd.h</span>�ļ�ʹ�á�</p>
+#include &lt;sys/types.h&gt;&nbsp; /* unistd.h needs this */&nbsp; // </span>该头文件供<span
+lang=EN-US>unistd.h</span>文件使用。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>29</span></u>
 #include &lt;sys/stat.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ļ�״̬��Ϣ�ṹ���塣</p>
+// </span>含文件状态信息结构定义。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>30</span></u>
 #include &lt;linux/fs.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�ļ�ϵͳͷ�ļ���</p>
+// </span>文件系统头文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>31</span></u>
 #include &lt;unistd.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* contains read/write */&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>read/write</span>����ԭ��˵����</p>
+// </span>含<span lang=EN-US>read/write</span>函数原型说明。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>32</span></u>
 #include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>�����ļ�����ģʽ���ų�����</p>
+// </span>包含文件操作模式符号常数。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>33</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>34</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>MINIX_HEADER</span></u> 32&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// minix</span>������Ŀ���ļ�ģ��ͷ������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+// minix</span>二进制目标文件模块头部长度为<span lang=EN-US>32</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>35</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>GCC_HEADER</span></u> 1024&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// GCC</span>ͷ����Ϣ����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+// GCC</span>头部信息长度为<span lang=EN-US>1024</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>36</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>37</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SYS_SIZE</span></u> 0x3000&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// system</span>�ļ������<span lang=EN-US>(</span>�ֽ���Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>SYS_SIZE*16=128KB)</span>��</p>
+// system</span>文件最长节数<span lang=EN-US>(</span>字节数为<span lang=EN-US>SYS_SIZE*16=128KB)</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>38</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ĭ�ϵذ�<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>���ļ�ϵͳ�����豸����Ϊ�ڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ�̵ĵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>�������ϣ����豸��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0x0306</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>默认地把<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span>根文件系统所在设备设置为在第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘的第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个分区上（即设备号为<span lang=EN-US>0x0306</span>），</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>Linus</span>��ʱ����<span
-lang=EN-US>Linux</span>ʱ���ѵ�<span lang=EN-US>1</span>��Ӳ������<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>ϵͳ�̣�����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ������Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span></p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是因为<span lang=EN-US>Linus</span>当时开发<span
+lang=EN-US>Linux</span>时，把第<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个硬盘用作<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>系统盘，而第<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘用作为<span lang=EN-US>Linux</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ĸ��ļ�ϵͳ�̡�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>的根文件系统盘。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>39</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEFAULT_MAJOR_ROOT</span></u> 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ĭ�ϸ��豸���豸��<span lang=EN-US> - 3</span>��Ӳ�̣���</p>
+// </span>默认根设备主设备号<span lang=EN-US> - 3</span>（硬盘）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>40</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEFAULT_MINOR_ROOT</span></u> 6&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>Ĭ�ϸ��豸���豸��<span lang=EN-US> - 6</span>����<span lang=EN-US>2</span>��Ӳ�̵ĵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>��������</p>
+</span>默认根设备次设备号<span lang=EN-US> - 6</span>（第<span lang=EN-US>2</span>个硬盘的第<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>分区）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>41</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>42</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEFAULT_MAJOR_SWAP</span></u> 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ĭ�Ͻ����豸���豸�š�</p>
+// </span>默认交换设备主设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>43</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>DEFAULT_MINOR_SWAP</span></u> 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>Ĭ�Ͻ����豸���豸�š�</p>
+// </span>默认交换设备次设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>44</span></u> </span></p>
 
@@ -2013,23 +2013,23 @@ max nr of sectors of setup: don't change unless you also change</i></b></span></
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>46</span></u> <b><i>&nbsp;*
 bootsect etc */</i></b></span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>����ָ��<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>ģ��ռ���������������Ҫ�ı��ֵ������Ҳ�ı�<span
-lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>����Ӧ�ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /* </span>下面指定<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>模块占的最大扇区数：不要改变该值，除非也改变<span
+lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>等相应文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>47</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>SETUP_SECTS</span></u> 4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// setup</span>��󳤶�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>4</span>��������<span lang=EN-US>2KB</span>����</p>
+// setup</span>最大长度为<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个扇区（<span lang=EN-US>2KB</span>）。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>48</span></u> </span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>49</span></u>
 #define <u><span style='color:blue'>STRINGIFY</span></u>(<u><span
 style='color:blue'>x</span></u>) #x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>x</span>ת�����ַ������ͣ����ڳ�����ʾ����С�</p>
+// </span>把<span lang=EN-US>x</span>转换成字符串类型，用于出错显示语句中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>50</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>��ʾ������Ϣ������ֹ����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; //// </span>显示出错信息，并终止程序。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>51</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(char * <u><span
@@ -2048,7 +2048,7 @@ style='color:blue'>str</span></u>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>56</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ʾ����ʹ�÷��������˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>显示程序使用方法，并退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>57</span></u>
 void <u><span style='color:blue'>usage</span></u>(void)</span></p>
@@ -2063,7 +2063,7 @@ system [rootdev] [&gt; image]&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>61</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ʼ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>主程序开始。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>62</span></u> int
 <u><span style='color:blue'>main</span></u>(int argc, char ** <u><span
@@ -2088,11 +2088,11 @@ struct <u><span style='color:blue'>stat</span></u> sb;</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>69</span></u> </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ȼ��<span lang=EN-US>build</span>����ִ��ʱʵ�������в��������������ݲ�����������Ӧ���á����<span
-lang=EN-US>build</span>����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先检查<span lang=EN-US>build</span>程序执行时实际命令行参数个数，并根据参数个数作相应设置。如果<span
+lang=EN-US>build</span>程序</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����в�����������<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>��<span lang=EN-US>6</span>��������������<span lang=EN-US>1</span>����������ʾ�����÷����˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>命令行参数个数不是<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>到<span lang=EN-US>6</span>个（程序名算作<span lang=EN-US>1</span>个），则显示程序用法并退出。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>70</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if ((argc &lt; 4) || (argc &gt; 6))</span></p>
@@ -2100,15 +2100,15 @@ if ((argc &lt; 4) || (argc &gt; 6))</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>71</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>usage</span></u>();</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������������ж���<span
-lang=EN-US>4</span>����������ô������豸���������̣�<span lang=EN-US>&quot;FLOPPY&quot;</span>������ȡ���豸�ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若程序命令行上有多于<span
+lang=EN-US>4</span>个参数，那么如果根设备名不是软盘（<span lang=EN-US>&quot;FLOPPY&quot;</span>），则取该设备文件的</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>״̬��Ϣ����ȡ״̬��������ʾ��Ϣ���˳�������ȡ���豸��״̬�ṹ�е����豸�źʹ��豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>状态信息。若取状态出错则显示信息并退出，否则取该设备名状态结构中的主设备号和次设备号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ���豸�š�������豸����<span
-lang=EN-US>FLOPPY</span>�豸���������豸�źʹ��豸��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ���豸�ǵ�ǰ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>作为根设备号。如果根设备就是<span
+lang=EN-US>FLOPPY</span>设备，则让主设备号和次设备号取<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。表示根设备是当前</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���������豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>启动引导设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>72</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if (argc &gt; 4) {</span></p>
@@ -2133,7 +2133,7 @@ device.&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>78</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 major_root = <u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR</span></u>(sb.st_rdev);&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ�豸��״̬�ṹ���豸�š�</p>
+// </span>取设备名状态结构中设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>79</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 minor_root = <u><span style='color:blue'>MINOR</span></u>(sb.st_rdev);</span></p>
@@ -2151,7 +2151,7 @@ major_root = 0;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>83</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ֻ��<span lang=EN-US>4</span>�����������豸�źʹ��豸�ŵ���ϵͳĬ�ϵĸ��豸�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若参数只有<span lang=EN-US>4</span>个，则让主设备号和次设备号等于系统默认的根设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>84</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 } else {</span></p>
@@ -2165,15 +2165,15 @@ minor_root = <u><span style='color:blue'>DEFAULT_MINOR_ROOT</span></u>;</span></
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>87</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������������<span
-lang=EN-US>6</span>����������ô������һ����ʾ�����豸�Ĳ��������ޣ�<span lang=EN-US>&quot;NONE&quot;</span>������ȡ��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若程序命令行上有<span
+lang=EN-US>6</span>个参数，那么如果最后一个表示交换设备的参数不是无（<span lang=EN-US>&quot;NONE&quot;</span>），则取该</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�豸�ļ���״̬��Ϣ����ȡ״̬��������ʾ��Ϣ���˳�������ȡ���豸��״̬�ṹ�е����豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>设备文件的状态信息。若取状态出错则显示信息并退出，否则取该设备名状态结构中的主设备号</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ʹ��豸����Ϊ�����豸�š�������һ����������<span
-lang=EN-US>&quot;NONE&quot;</span>�����ý����豸�����豸�źʹ��豸</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和次设备号作为交换设备号。如果最后一个参数就是<span
+lang=EN-US>&quot;NONE&quot;</span>，则让交换设备的主设备号和次设备</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡΪ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ�����豸���ǵ�ǰ���������豸��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号取为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。表示交换设备就是当前启动引导设备。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>88</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 if (argc == 6) {</span></p>
@@ -2198,7 +2198,7 @@ device.&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>94</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 major_swap = <u><span style='color:blue'>MAJOR</span></u>(sb.st_rdev);&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ȡ�豸��״̬�ṹ���豸�š�</p>
+// </span>取设备名状态结构中设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>95</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 minor_swap = <u><span style='color:blue'>MINOR</span></u>(sb.st_rdev);</span></p>
@@ -2215,10 +2215,10 @@ minor_swap = 0;</span></p>
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<u><span style='color:blue'>99</span></u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������û��<span lang=EN-US>6</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>5</span>������ʾ��������û�д������豸�������Ǿ��ý����豸���豸�źʹ��豸</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>若参数没有<span lang=EN-US>6</span>个而是<span
+lang=EN-US>5</span>个，表示命令行上没有带交换设备名。于是就让交换设备主设备号和次设备</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ŵ���ϵͳĬ�ϵĽ����豸�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>号等于系统默认的交换设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>100</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; } else {</span></p>
@@ -2236,13 +2236,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
 <p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ڱ�׼�����ն�����ʾ������ѡ��ĸ��豸�������豸�źͽ����豸�������豸�š����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接下来在标准错误终端上显示上面所选择的根设备主、次设备号和交换设备主、次设备号。如果</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���豸�Ų�����<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>�����̣���<span lang=EN-US>3</span>��Ӳ�̣���Ҳ��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��ȡϵͳĬ���豸��������ʾ������Ϣ���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>主设备号不等于<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>（软盘）或<span lang=EN-US>3</span>（硬盘），也不为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>（取系统默认设备），则显示出错信息并退出。</p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ն˵ı�׼����������ļ�<span
-lang=EN-US>Image</span>����˱�������������ں˴������ݣ������ں�ӳ���ļ���</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>终端的标准输出被定向到文件<span
+lang=EN-US>Image</span>，因此被用于输出保存内核代码数据，生成内核映像文件。</p>
 
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>104</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; fprintf(stderr, <i>&quot;Root
@@ -2296,15 +2296,15 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>116</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���濪ʼִ�ж�ȡ�����ļ����ݲ�������Ӧ�ĸ��ƴ��������ȳ�ʼ��<span
-lang=EN-US>1KB</span>�ĸ��ƻ���������ȫ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面开始执行读取各个文件内容并进行相应的复制处理。首先初始化<span
+lang=EN-US>1KB</span>的复制缓冲区，置全<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ����ֻ����ʽ�򿪲���<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>ָ�����ļ���<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>�������ж�ȡ<span
-lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽڵ�<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>ִ���ļ�ͷ�ṹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后以只读方式打开参数<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>指定的文件（<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>）。从中读取<span
+lang=EN-US>32</span>字节的<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>执行文件头结构</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݣ��μ��б���˵������������<span
-lang=EN-US>buf</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内容（参见列表后说明）到缓冲区<span
+lang=EN-US>buf</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>117</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for
@@ -2330,14 +2330,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Unable to read header of
 'boot'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>ͷ���ṹ�ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>�Ƿ�Ϊһ����Ч��<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>ִ���ļ������ǣ�����ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接下来根据<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>头部结构判断<span
+lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>是否为一个有效的<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>执行文件。若是，则从文件中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>512</span>�ֽڵ�����������������ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取<span lang=EN-US>512</span>字节的引导扇区代码和数据。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x0301 - MINIX</span>ͷ��<span
-lang=EN-US>a_magic</span>ħ����<span lang=EN-US>0x10 - a_flag</span>��ִ�У�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x04 - a_cpu, Intel 8086</span>�����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x0301 - MINIX</span>头部<span
+lang=EN-US>a_magic</span>魔数；<span lang=EN-US>0x10 - a_flag</span>可执行；<span
+lang=EN-US>0x04 - a_cpu, Intel 8086</span>机器码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>122</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
@@ -2348,9 +2348,9 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Non-Minix header of
 'boot'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж�ͷ�������ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>a_hdrlen</span>���ֽڣ��Ƿ���ȷ��<span lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽڣ����������ֽ�����û���ã���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断头部长度字段<span
+lang=EN-US>a_hdrlen</span>（字节）是否正确（<span lang=EN-US>32</span>字节）。（后三字节正好没有用，是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>124</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
@@ -2361,8 +2361,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Non-Minix header of
 'boot'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж����ݶγ�<span
-lang=EN-US>a_data</span>�ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>(long)</span>�����Ƿ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断数据段长<span
+lang=EN-US>a_data</span>字段<span lang=EN-US>(long)</span>内容是否为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>126</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
@@ -2373,8 +2373,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Illegal data segment in
 'boot'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж϶�<span lang=EN-US>a_bss</span>�ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(long)</span>�����Ƿ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断堆<span lang=EN-US>a_bss</span>字段<span
+lang=EN-US>(long)</span>内容是否为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>128</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
@@ -2384,8 +2384,8 @@ style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>)[4]!=0)</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Illegal bss in 'boot'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж�ִ�е�<span lang=EN-US>a_entry</span>�ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>(long)</span>�����Ƿ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断执行点<span lang=EN-US>a_entry</span>字段<span
+lang=EN-US>(long)</span>内容是否为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>130</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
@@ -2396,8 +2396,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Non-Minix header of
 'boot'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�жϷ��ű����ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>a_sym</span>�������Ƿ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断符号表长字段<span
+lang=EN-US>a_sym</span>的内容是否为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>132</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
@@ -2408,13 +2408,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Illegal symbol table in
 'boot'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ж϶���ȷ�������¶�ȡ�ļ�������ʵ�ʴ������ݣ�Ӧ�÷��ض�ȡ�ֽ���Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>512</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在上述判断都正确的条件下读取文件中随后的实际代码数据，应该返回读取字节数为<span
+lang=EN-US>512</span>字节。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>�ļ��а�������<span
-lang=EN-US>1</span>������������������������ݣ��������<span lang=EN-US>2</span>�ֽ�Ӧ���ǿ�����</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>因为<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>文件中包含的是<span
+lang=EN-US>1</span>个扇区的引导扇区代码和数据，并且最后<span lang=EN-US>2</span>字节应该是可引导</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��־<span lang=EN-US>0xAA55</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>标志<span lang=EN-US>0xAA55</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>134</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i=<u><span
@@ -2442,8 +2442,8 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Boot block hasn't got boot
 flag (0xAA55)&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������<span lang=EN-US>506</span>��<span
-lang=EN-US>507</span>ƫ�ƴ����Ž����豸�ţ�<span lang=EN-US>508</span>��<span lang=EN-US>509</span>ƫ�ƴ����Ÿ��豸�š�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>引导扇区的<span lang=EN-US>506</span>、<span
+lang=EN-US>507</span>偏移处需存放交换设备号，<span lang=EN-US>508</span>、<span lang=EN-US>509</span>偏移处需存放根设备号。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>140</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
@@ -2461,14 +2461,14 @@ style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>[508] = (char) minor_root;</span></p>
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>[509] = (char) major_root;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>Ȼ�󽫸�<span lang=EN-US>512</span>�ֽڵ�����д����׼���<span
-lang=EN-US>stdout</span>����д���ֽ������ԣ�����ʾ������Ϣ���˳���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>然后将该<span lang=EN-US>512</span>字节的数据写到标准输出<span
+lang=EN-US>stdout</span>，若写出字节数不对，则显示出错信息并退出。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>linux/Makefile</span>�У�<span
-lang=EN-US>build</span>�����׼������ض����ں�ӳ���ļ���<span lang=EN-US>Image</span>�ϣ��������</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在<span lang=EN-US>linux/Makefile</span>中，<span
+lang=EN-US>build</span>程序标准输出被重定向到内核映像文件名<span lang=EN-US>Image</span>上，因此引导</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������������ݻᱻд��<span
-lang=EN-US>Image</span>��ʼ��<span lang=EN-US>512</span>�ֽڴ������ر�<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>ģ���ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>扇区代码和数据会被写到<span
+lang=EN-US>Image</span>开始的<span lang=EN-US>512</span>字节处。最后关闭<span lang=EN-US>bootsect</span>模块文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>144</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i=<u><span
@@ -2488,15 +2488,15 @@ style='color:blue'>close</span></u> (id);</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>148</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ֻ����ʽ�򿪲���<span
-lang=EN-US>2</span>ָ�����ļ���<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>�������ж�ȡ<span lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>ִ���ļ�ͷ�ṹ</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面以只读方式打开参数<span
+lang=EN-US>2</span>指定的文件（<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>）。从中读取<span lang=EN-US>32</span>字节的<span
+lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>执行文件头结构</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���ݵ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>buf</span>�С�������ʽ��������ͬ��������ֻ����ʽ��ָ�����ļ�<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>�����ж�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>内容到缓冲区<span
+lang=EN-US>buf</span>中。处理方式与上面相同。首先以只读方式打开指定的文件<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>。从中读</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>ȡ<span lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽڵ�<span
-lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>ִ���ļ�ͷ�ṹ���ݵ�������<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>�С�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>取<span lang=EN-US>32</span>字节的<span
+lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>执行文件头结构内容到缓冲区<span lang=EN-US>buf</span>中。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>149</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((id=<u><span
@@ -2518,14 +2518,14 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Unable to read header of
 'setup'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����������<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>ͷ���ṹ�ж�<span
-lang=EN-US>setup</span>�Ƿ�Ϊһ����Ч��<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>ִ���ļ������ǣ�����ļ���</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>接下来根据<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>头部结构判断<span
+lang=EN-US>setup</span>是否为一个有效的<span lang=EN-US>MINIX</span>执行文件。若是，则从文件中</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��ȡ<span lang=EN-US>512</span>�ֽڵ�����������������ݡ�</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>读取<span lang=EN-US>512</span>字节的引导扇区代码和数据。</p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x0301- MINIX</span>ͷ��<span
-lang=EN-US>a_magic</span>ħ����<span lang=EN-US>0x10- a_flag</span>��ִ�У�<span
-lang=EN-US>0x04- a_cpu, Intel 8086</span>�����롣</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // 0x0301- MINIX</span>头部<span
+lang=EN-US>a_magic</span>魔数；<span lang=EN-US>0x10- a_flag</span>可执行；<span
+lang=EN-US>0x04- a_cpu, Intel 8086</span>机器码。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>153</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
@@ -2536,9 +2536,9 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Non-Minix header of
 'setup'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж�ͷ�������ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>a_hdrlen</span>���ֽڣ��Ƿ���ȷ��<span lang=EN-US>32</span>�ֽڣ����������ֽ�����û���ã���<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=a><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断头部长度字段<span
+lang=EN-US>a_hdrlen</span>（字节）是否正确（<span lang=EN-US>32</span>字节）。（后三字节正好没有用，是<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>）</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>155</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
@@ -2549,17 +2549,17 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Non-Minix header of
 'setup'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ж����ݶγ��ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>a_data</span>�����ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>a_bss</span>����ʼִ�е��ֶ�<span
-lang=EN-US>a_entry</span>�ͷ��ű��ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>a_sym</span>������</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>判断数据段长字段<span
+lang=EN-US>a_data</span>、堆字段<span lang=EN-US>a_bss</span>、起始执行点字段<span
+lang=EN-US>a_entry</span>和符号表字段<span lang=EN-US>a_sym</span>的内容</p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�Ƿ�Ϊ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>�����붼Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是否为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。必须都为<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>157</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>)[3]!=0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>���ݶγ�<span lang=EN-US>a_data</span>�ֶΡ�</p>
+// </span>数据段长<span lang=EN-US>a_data</span>字段。</p>
 
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>158</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -2569,7 +2569,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>159</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>)[4]!=0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>��<span lang=EN-US>a_bss</span>�ֶΡ�</p>
+// </span>堆<span lang=EN-US>a_bss</span>字段。</p>
 
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>160</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -2579,7 +2579,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>161</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>)[5] != 0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-// </span>ִ����ʼ��<span lang=EN-US>a_entry</span>�ֶΡ�</p>
+// </span>执行起始点<span lang=EN-US>a_entry</span>字段。</p>
 
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>162</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
@@ -2595,18 +2595,18 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <u><span style='color:blue'>die</span></u>(<i>&quot;Illegal symbol table in
 'setup'&quot;</i>);</span></p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�������ж϶���ȷ�������¶�ȡ�ļ�������ʵ�ʴ������ݣ�����д���ն˱�׼�����ͬʱͳ��</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在上述判断都正确的条件下读取文件中随后的实际代码数据，并且写到终端标准输出。同时统计</p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>д�ĳ��ȣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>i</span>�������ڲ���������ر�<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>�ļ���֮���ж�һ������<span
-lang=EN-US>setup</span>ִ��д�����Ĵ���</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>写的长度（<span
+lang=EN-US>i</span>），并在操作结束后关闭<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>文件。之后判断一下利用<span
+lang=EN-US>setup</span>执行写操作的代码</p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�����ݳ���ֵ����ֵ���ܴ���<span
-lang=EN-US>(SETUP_SECTS * 512)</span>�ֽڣ�����͵������޸�<span lang=EN-US>build</span>��<span
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和数据长度值，该值不能大于<span
+lang=EN-US>(SETUP_SECTS * 512)</span>字节，否则就得重新修改<span lang=EN-US>build</span>、<span
 lang=EN-US>bootsect</span></p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>�������趨��<span
-lang=EN-US>setup</span>��ռ�����������±����ںˡ���һ����������ʾ<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>ʵ�ʳ���ֵ��</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>和<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>程序中设定的<span
+lang=EN-US>setup</span>所占扇区数并重新编译内核。若一切正常就显示<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>实际长度值。</p>
 
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>165</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0 ; (c=<u><span
@@ -2624,7 +2624,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>168</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <u><span
 style='color:blue'>close</span></u> (id);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//</span>�ر�<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>ģ���ļ���</p>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//</span>关闭<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>模块文件。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>169</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (i &gt; <u><span
@@ -2643,13 +2643,13 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; fprintf(stderr,<i>&quot;Setup
 is %d bytes.\n&quot;</i>,i);</span></p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�ڽ�������<span
-lang=EN-US>buf</span>����֮���ж�ʵ��д��<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>������<span
-lang=EN-US>(SETUP_SECTS4*512)</span>����ֵ���<span lang=EN-US>setup</span></p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>在将缓冲区<span
+lang=EN-US>buf</span>清零之后，判断实际写的<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>长度与<span
+lang=EN-US>(SETUP_SECTS4*512)</span>的数值差，若<span lang=EN-US>setup</span></p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����С�ڸó��ȣ�<span
-lang=EN-US>4*512</span>�ֽڣ�������<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>�ַ���<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>����Ϊ<span
-lang=EN-US>4*512</span>�ֽڡ�</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>长度小于该长度（<span
+lang=EN-US>4*512</span>字节），则用<span lang=EN-US>NULL</span>字符将<span lang=EN-US>setup</span>填足为<span
+lang=EN-US>4*512</span>字节。</p>
 
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>173</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (c=0 ;
@@ -2694,23 +2694,23 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }</span></p>
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>183</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>���濪ʼ����<span
-lang=EN-US>system</span>ģ���ļ������ļ�ʹ��<span lang=EN-US>gas</span>���룬��˾���<span
-lang=EN-US>GNU a.out</span>Ŀ���ļ���ʽ��</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>下面开始处理<span
+lang=EN-US>system</span>模块文件。该文件使用<span lang=EN-US>gas</span>编译，因此具有<span
+lang=EN-US>GNU a.out</span>目标文件格式。</p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>������ֻ����ʽ���ļ�������ȡ����<span
-lang=EN-US>a.out</span>��ʽͷ���ṹ��Ϣ��<span lang=EN-US>1KB</span>���ȣ������ж�<span
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>首先以只读方式打开文件，并读取其中<span
+lang=EN-US>a.out</span>格式头部结构信息（<span lang=EN-US>1KB</span>长度）。在判断<span
 lang=EN-US>system</span></p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>��һ����Ч��<span
-lang=EN-US>a.out</span>��ʽ�ļ�֮�󣬾ͰѸ��ļ������������ݶ�д����׼�����<span lang=EN-US>Image</span>�ļ���</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>是一个有效的<span
+lang=EN-US>a.out</span>格式文件之后，就把该文件随后的所有数据都写到标准输出（<span lang=EN-US>Image</span>文件）</p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>�У����رո��ļ���Ȼ����ʾ<span
-lang=EN-US>system</span>ģ��ĳ��ȡ���<span lang=EN-US>system</span>��������ݳ��ȳ���<span
-lang=EN-US>SYS_SIZE</span>��</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>中，并关闭该文件。然后显示<span
+lang=EN-US>system</span>模块的长度。若<span lang=EN-US>system</span>代码和数据长度超过<span
+lang=EN-US>SYS_SIZE</span>节</p>
 
-<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>����<span lang=EN-US>128KB</span>�ֽڣ�������ʾ������Ϣ���˳������޴����򷵻�<span
-lang=EN-US>0</span>����ʾ�����˳���</p>
+<p class=926><span lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; // </span>（即<span lang=EN-US>128KB</span>字节），则显示出错信息并退出。若无错，则返回<span
+lang=EN-US>0</span>，表示正常退出。</p>
 
 <p class=926><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>184</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if ((id=<u><span
@@ -2735,7 +2735,7 @@ lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nb
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>188</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (((long *) <u><span
 style='color:blue'>buf</span></u>)[5] != 0)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;//
-</span>ִ����ڵ��ֶ�<span lang=EN-US>a_entry</span>ֵӦΪ<span lang=EN-US>0</span>��</p>
+</span>执行入口点字段<span lang=EN-US>a_entry</span>值应为<span lang=EN-US>0</span>。</p>
 
 <p class=a><u><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>189</span></u><span
 lang=EN-US>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
