feat(projects): 新增Django综合案例示例代码及素材

projects/web-django/quickstart/manage.py

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+#!/usr/bin/env python
+"""Django's command-line utility for administrative tasks."""
+import os
+import sys
+
+
+def main():
+    """Run administrative tasks."""
+    os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'quickstart.settings')
+    try:
+        from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
+    except ImportError as exc:
+        raise ImportError(
+            "Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and "
+            "available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you "
+            "forget to activate a virtual environment?"
+        ) from exc
+    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

projects/web-django/quickstart/myapp/admin.py

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+from django.contrib import admin
+
+# Register your models here.

projects/web-django/quickstart/myapp/apps.py

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+from django.apps import AppConfig
+
+
+class MyappConfig(AppConfig):
+    default_auto_field = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
+    name = 'myapp'

projects/web-django/quickstart/myapp/models.py

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+from django.db import models
+
+# Create your models here.

projects/web-django/quickstart/myapp/tests.py

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+from django.test import TestCase
+
+# Create your tests here.

projects/web-django/quickstart/myapp/views.py

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+from django.http import HttpResponse
+
+
+def poem(request):
+
+    content = """
+    <style>
+      figure {
+        display: block;
+        margin: auto;
+        width: 40%;
+      }
+      figure > figcaption {
+        text-align: center;
+      }
+      blockquote {
+        margin: 0;
+      }
+
+      blockquote p {
+        padding: 15px;
+        line-height: 1cm;
+        background: #eee;
+        border-radius: 5px;
+      }
+    </style>
+    <figure>
+      <blockquote>
+        <i>
+          <p>
+            Beautiful is better than ugly.<br />
+            Explicit is better than implicit.<br />
+            Simple is better than complex.<br />
+            Complex is better than complicated.<br />
+            Flat is better than nested.<br />
+            Sparse is better than dense.<br />
+            Readability counts.<br />
+            Special cases aren't special enough to break the rules.<br />
+            Although practicality beats purity.<br />
+            Errors should never pass silently.<br />
+            Unless explicitly silenced.<br />
+            In the face of ambiguity, refuse the temptation to guess.<br />
+            There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious way to do
+            it.<br />
+            Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you're
+            Dutch.<br />
+            Now is better than never.<br />
+            Although never is often better than *right* now.<br />
+            If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad idea.<br />
+            If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be a good idea.<br />
+            Namespaces are one honking great idea -- let's do more of those!<br />
+          </p>
+        </i>
+      </blockquote>
+      <figcaption>
+        ——Tim Peters, <cite><b>The Zen of Python</b></cite>
+      </figcaption>
+    </figure>
+    """
+
+    return HttpResponse(content)

projects/web-django/quickstart/orm/admin.py

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+from django.contrib import admin
+
+# Register your models here.

projects/web-django/quickstart/orm/apps.py

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+from django.apps import AppConfig
+
+
+class OrmConfig(AppConfig):
+    default_auto_field = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
+    name = 'orm'

projects/web-django/quickstart/orm/migrations/0001_initial.py

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+# Generated by Django 4.0.4 on 2022-06-25 05:27
+
+from django.db import migrations, models
+
+
+class Migration(migrations.Migration):
+
+    initial = True
+
+    dependencies = [
+    ]
+
+    operations = [
+        migrations.CreateModel(
+            name='User',
+            fields=[
+                ('id', models.AutoField(primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='用户ID')),
+                ('name', models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name='用户名')),
+                ('age', models.IntegerField(verbose_name='年龄')),
+                ('gender', models.BooleanField(blank=True, choices=[(0, '女'), (1, '男')], default='', verbose_name='性别')),
+                ('email', models.EmailField(max_length=50, verbose_name='邮箱')),
+                ('telephone', models.CharField(blank=True, max_length=11, verbose_name='联系电话')),
+                ('register_at', models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='注册时间')),
+            ],
+        ),
+    ]

projects/web-django/quickstart/orm/models.py

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+from django.db import models
+
+
+class User(models.Model):
+
+    gender_choices = [
+        (0, "女"),
+        (1, "男"),
+    ]
+
+    id = models.AutoField(
+        primary_key=True,
+        verbose_name="用户ID",
+    )
+    name = models.CharField(
+        max_length=10,
+        verbose_name="用户名",
+    )
+    age = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="年龄")
+    gender = models.BooleanField(
+        choices=gender_choices,
+        blank=True,
+        default="",
+        verbose_name="性别",
+    )
+    email = models.EmailField(max_length=50, verbose_name="邮箱")
+    telephone = models.CharField(
+        max_length=11,
+        blank=True,
+        verbose_name="联系电话",
+    )
+    register_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name="注册时间")
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"User<id:{self.id}, name:{self.name}>"

projects/web-django/quickstart/orm/tests.py

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+from django.test import TestCase
+
+# Create your tests here.

projects/web-django/quickstart/orm/urls.py

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+from django.urls import path
+
+from .views import index
+
+urlpatterns = [
+    path("", index, name="orm.index"),
+]

projects/web-django/quickstart/orm/views.py

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+from django.http import HttpResponse
+
+
+def index(request):
+    return HttpResponse("ORM page here.")

projects/web-django/quickstart/quickstart/asgi.py

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+"""
+ASGI config for quickstart project.
+
+It exposes the ASGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.
+
+For more information on this file, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/howto/deployment/asgi/
+"""
+
+import os
+
+from django.core.asgi import get_asgi_application
+
+os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'quickstart.settings')
+
+application = get_asgi_application()

projects/web-django/quickstart/quickstart/settings.py

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+"""
+Django settings for quickstart project.
+
+Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 4.0.4.
+
+For more information on this file, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/topics/settings/
+
+For the full list of settings and their values, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/
+"""
+
+from pathlib import Path
+
+# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
+BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
+
+
+# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
+# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/howto/deployment/checklist/
+
+# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
+SECRET_KEY = "django-insecure-)8usuw-fz#s1wq7u2_$u!g&=llu!%j5gl5)$a(avyh5h20_ssq"
+
+# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
+DEBUG = True
+
+ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
+
+
+# Application definition
+
+INSTALLED_APPS = [
+    "django.contrib.admin",
+    "django.contrib.auth",
+    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
+    "django.contrib.sessions",
+    "django.contrib.messages",
+    "django.contrib.staticfiles",
+    # internal apps
+    "orm",
+]
+
+MIDDLEWARE = [
+    "django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware",
+    "django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware",
+    "django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware",
+    "django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware",
+    "django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware",
+    "django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware",
+    "django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware",
+]
+
+ROOT_URLCONF = "quickstart.urls"
+
+TEMPLATES = [
+    {
+        "BACKEND": "django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates",
+        "DIRS": [BASE_DIR.joinpath("templates")],
+        "APP_DIRS": True,
+        "OPTIONS": {
+            "context_processors": [
+                "django.template.context_processors.debug",
+                "django.template.context_processors.request",
+                "django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth",
+                "django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages",
+            ],
+        },
+    },
+]
+
+WSGI_APPLICATION = "quickstart.wsgi.application"
+
+
+# Database
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#databases
+
+DATABASES = {
+    "default": {
+        "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.sqlite3",
+        "NAME": BASE_DIR / "db.sqlite3",
+    }
+}
+
+
+# Password validation
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
+
+AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
+    {
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator",
+    },
+    {
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator",
+    },
+    {
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator",
+    },
+    {
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator",
+    },
+]
+
+
+# Internationalization
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/topics/i18n/
+
+LANGUAGE_CODE = "zh-Hans"
+
+TIME_ZONE = "Asia/Shanghai"
+
+USE_I18N = True
+
+USE_TZ = True
+
+
+# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/howto/static-files/
+
+STATIC_URL = "static/"
+
+# Default primary key field type
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#default-auto-field
+
+DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = "django.db.models.BigAutoField"

projects/web-django/quickstart/quickstart/urls.py

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+"""quickstart URL Configuration
+
+The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
+    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/topics/http/urls/
+Examples:
+Function views
+    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
+    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
+Class-based views
+    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
+    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
+Including another URLconf
+    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
+    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
+"""
+from django.contrib import admin
+from django.urls import include, path
+from myapp import views
+
+urlpatterns = [
+    path("admin/", admin.site.urls),
+    path("poem/", views.poem, name="poem"),
+    path("view/", include("view.urls")),
+    path("tmpl/", include("tmpl.urls")),
+    path("orm/", include("orm.urls")),
+]

projects/web-django/quickstart/quickstart/wsgi.py

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+"""
+WSGI config for quickstart project.
+
+It exposes the WSGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.
+
+For more information on this file, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/howto/deployment/wsgi/
+"""
+
+import os
+
+from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
+
+os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'quickstart.settings')
+
+application = get_wsgi_application()

projects/web-django/quickstart/templates/poem.html

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+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+    <head>
+        <meta charset="UTF-8" />
+        <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
+        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
+        <title>The Zen of Python</title>
+        <style>
+            figure {
+                display: block;
+                margin: auto;
+                width: 40%;
+            }
+            figure > figcaption {
+                text-align: center;
+            }
+            blockquote {
+                margin: 0;
+            }
+
+            blockquote p {
+                padding: 15px;
+                line-height: 1cm;
+                background: #eee;
+                border-radius: 5px;
+            }
+        </style>
+    </head>
+    <body>
+        {% csrf_token %}
+        <figure>
+            <blockquote>
+                <p>
+                    {% for line in lines %} <i>{{ line }}</i><br />
+                    {% endfor %}
+                </p>
+            </blockquote>
+            <figcaption>
+                ——{{ author }}, <cite><b>{{ source }}</b></cite>
+            </figcaption>
+        </figure>
+    </body>
+</html>

projects/web-django/quickstart/tmpl/admin.py

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+from django.contrib import admin
+
+# Register your models here.

projects/web-django/quickstart/tmpl/apps.py

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+from django.apps import AppConfig
+
+
+class TmplConfig(AppConfig):
+    default_auto_field = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
+    name = 'tmpl'

projects/web-django/quickstart/tmpl/models.py

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+from django.db import models
+
+# Create your models here.

projects/web-django/quickstart/tmpl/tests.py

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+from django.test import TestCase
+
+# Create your tests here.

projects/web-django/quickstart/tmpl/urls.py

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+from django.urls import path
+
+from .views import index
+
+urlpatterns = [
+    path("", index, name="tmpl_index"),
+]

projects/web-django/quickstart/tmpl/views.py

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+from django.shortcuts import render
+
+
+def index(request):
+
+    poem = """\
+Beautiful is better than ugly.
+Explicit is better than implicit.
+Simple is better than complex.
+Complex is better than complicated.
+Flat is better than nested.
+Sparse is better than dense.
+Readability counts.
+Special cases aren't special enough to break the rules.
+Although practicality beats purity.
+Errors should never pass silently.
+Unless explicitly silenced.
+In the face of ambiguity, refuse the temptation to guess.
+There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious way to do it.
+Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you're Dutch.
+Now is better than never.
+Although never is often better than *right* now.
+If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad idea.
+If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be a good idea.
+Namespaces are one honking great idea -- let's do more of those!
+"""
+    lines = poem.strip().split("\n")
+    author = "Tim Peters"
+    source = "The Zen of Python"
+
+    context = dict(
+        lines=lines,
+        author=author,
+        source=source,
+    )
+    return render(request, "poem.html", context=context)

projects/web-django/quickstart/view/admin.py

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+from django.contrib import admin
+
+# Register your models here.

projects/web-django/quickstart/view/apps.py

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+from django.apps import AppConfig
+
+
+class ViewConfig(AppConfig):
+    default_auto_field = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
+    name = 'view'

projects/web-django/quickstart/view/models.py

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+from django.db import models
+
+# Create your models here.

projects/web-django/quickstart/view/tests.py

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+from django.test import TestCase
+
+# Create your tests here.

projects/web-django/quickstart/view/urls.py

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+from django.urls import path
+
+from .views import IndexView, index
+
+urlpatterns = [
+    path("", index),
+    path("class/", IndexView.as_view()),
+]

projects/web-django/quickstart/view/views.py

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+from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseNotAllowed
+from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
+from django.views import View
+from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
+
+
+@csrf_exempt
+def index(request):
+    """index page"""
+
+    method = request.method
+
+    if method == "GET":
+        return HttpResponseNotAllowed(["POST"])
+    elif method == "POST":
+        return HttpResponse(f"You has got this page by POST method.")
+
+
+@method_decorator(csrf_exempt, name="dispatch")
+class IndexView(View):
+
+    template = """\
+    <p>You has got this page by {method} method, the following steps are: <br />
+    {content}
+    </p>
+    """
+
+    def get(self, request):
+        """index page"""
+
+        steps = [
+            "1. handle GET request",
+            "2. log request and other info",
+            "3. query something from database",
+        ]
+        response = self.template.format(
+            method="GET",
+            content=r"<br />".join(steps),
+        )
+
+        return HttpResponse(response)
+
+    def post(self, request):
+
+        steps = [
+            "1. handle POST request",
+            "2. log request and other info",
+            "3. get form or parameters from request",
+            "4. parse form or parameters",
+            "5. query something from database",
+            "6. return response",
+        ]
+
+        response = self.template.format(
+            method="POST",
+            content=r"<br />".join(steps),
+        )
+
+        return HttpResponse(response)