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xiaolai
2024-03-14 19:09:53 +08:00
committed by Lyric
parent 31c04ff881
commit b17f9389ae
2 changed files with 8 additions and 8 deletions
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1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/3.4.1-stop.md
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@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ Consider the word *hotdog*. You can't hear the 't,' but the articulation is comp
There are three main types of stops, in English:
> * 齿塞音：`θ`、`ð` —— I wish the *pa**th*** to success was smoother. 第四个单词 `/pæθ/` 末尾的 `θ` 就是一个齿塞音。
> * dental stop: `θ`, `ð` - For example, in "I wish the *pa**th*** to success was smoother", the final `θ` in `pæθ` is a dental stop.
> * **dental stop:** `θ`, `ð` - For example, in "I wish the *pa**th*** to success was smoother", the final `θ` in `pæθ` is a dental stop.
> * 龈塞音: `t`、`d` —— He *trie**d*** to discuss his idea with his boss. 第二个单词 `/traɪd/` 末尾的 `d` 就是一个龈塞音。
> * alveolar stop: `t`, `d` - As in "He *trie**d*** to discuss his idea with his boss," where the final `d` in `/traɪd/` is an alveolar stop.
> * 喉塞音：`k`、`g` —— I don't *thin**k*** that is true. 第三个单词 `/θɪŋk/` 末尾的 `k` 就是一个喉塞音。
> * glottal stop: `k`, `g` - An example would be "I don't *thin**k*** that is true," where the `k` at the end of `/θɪŋk/` is a glottal stop.
> * **alveolar stop**: `t`, `d` - As in "He *trie**d*** to discuss his idea with his boss," where the final `d` in `/traɪd/` is an alveolar stop.
> * 喉塞音：`k`、`g` —— IPA 里用 `ʔ` 标注。I don't *thin**k** that* is true. 第三个单词 *think* 末尾的 `k` 就是一个喉塞音，`/θɪŋʔ ðæt/`。另外一个喉塞音语 `k`、`g` 没有关系，*uh-oh*, `/ɑʔoʊ/`……
> * **glottal stop**: `k`, `g` - denoted as `ʔ` in IPA. *I don't think that is true*. The *k* at the end of the word *think* is a glottal stop, pronounced as `/θɪŋʔ ðæt/`. Another example of a glottal stop which is not related to `k` or `g` is in the expression `uh-oh`, pronounced as `/ɑʔoʊ/`...
不管是哪一种，都是因为之前的一个辅音**虽然并未发出声音却动作完整**造成的。

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1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/3.5.2-tone.md
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@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ When learning Chinese as a foreign language, one of the biggest hurdles is maste
In contrast, English syllables don't have designated tones, and changes in tone won't alter the meaning of the syllable. Tones in English are usually reflected on the stressed syllable. Sometimes, the last unstressed syllable at the end of a sentence or phrase may carry a tone, which is typically a flat tone.
理论上，重音音节都可以有最常见的三种声调的读法，**平调**、**升调**、**降调**。比如，`→`*big*, `↗`*big*, `↘`*big*，`→`*fact*, `↗`*fact*, `↘`*fact*……
理论上，**重音音节**都可以有最常见的三种声调的读法，**平调**、**升调**、**降调**。比如，`→`*big*, `↗`*big*, `↘`*big*，`→`*fact*, `↗`*fact*, `↘`*fact*…… 而**非重音音节**只有**轻声**。
In theory, *stressed syllables* can have the three most common tones: *flat*, *rising*, or *falling*. You could say *big* with a flat, rising, or falling tone, `→`*big*, `↗`*big*, `↘`*big*; the same goes for *fact*, `→`*fact*, `↗`*fact*, `↘`*fact*...
In theory, *stressed syllables* can have the three most common tones: *flat*, *rising*, or *falling*. You could say *big* with a flat, rising, or falling tone, `→`*big*, `↗`*big*, `↘`*big*; the same goes for *fact*, `→`*fact*, `↗`*fact*, `↘`*fact*... In contrast to stressed syllables, *unstressed syllables* are *always* pronounced in a *soft tone*.
偶尔，你也会听到一些人会使用**降升调**，一般是在**双元音**上。比如，`⤻`sure, i`⤻`dea……
偶尔，你也会听到一些人会使用**降升调**，一般是在**双元音**上。比如，`⤻`sure, i`⤻`dea…… 更多的时候，**降升调**实际上是由两个音节构成的，前一个音节降调，后一个音节升调，比如，*progress* 可以被读成 `↘`*pro*`↗`*gress*.
Occasionally, a *falling-rising* tone is used, typically on *diphthongs*, for instance, *`⤻`sure* or *i`⤻`dea*.
Occasionally, a *falling-rising* tone is used, typically on *diphthongs*, for instance, *`⤻`sure* or *i`⤻`dea*. More often than not, a *falling-rising* tone is actually made up of two syllables, with the first syllable falling and the second syllable rising. For instance, the word *progress* can be pronounced as `↘`*pro*`↗`*gress*
注意：如果**短元音**的音节用**平调**读出来，会自然而然地有所**拉长**。