8.appendix added.

1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/8.1-inputting-phonemes-and-symbols.md

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+# 8.1. 输入音标与特殊符号
+
+在电子文档中输入音标符号（及其其它特殊符号）从来都很麻烦。
+
+再一次，我用 Alfred 作为辅助，以下是 workflow 文件：
+
+> [IPA-Phonetic-Symbols](https:///1000h.org/public/alfred-workflows/IPA-Phonetic-Symbols.alfredworkflow)
+
+以启动关键字 `ipae` 为例 —— 呼出 Alfred：
+
+![ipae](/images/ipae.png)
+
+这时，就可以用 `CMD + 数字` 的方式，将对应的符号插入当前文本。比如，`CMD + 4` 就是将 <span class="pho">ɝː</span> 插入当前文本编辑器。
+
+以下罗列的是各个符号对应的 Alfred 关键字（Keywords）：
+
+| 关键字（Keyword） | 符号（Symbol） |
+| ----- | ----- |
+| `ipaa`  |  <span class="pho">ʌ</span>  |
+| `ipaaa`  |  <span class="pho">ɑ</span>  |
+| `ipaae`  |  <span class="pho">æ</span>  |
+| `ipae`  |  <span class="pho">ə</span>  |
+| `ipaeeer`  |  <span class="pho">ɝː</span>  |
+| `ipaer`  |  <span class="pho">ɚ</span>  |
+| `ipaes`  |  <span class="pho">ᵊ</span>  |
+| `ipai`  |  <span class="pho">ɪ</span>  |
+| `ipau`  |  <span class="pho">ʊ</span>  |
+| `ipao`  |  <span class="pho">ɒ</span>  |
+| `ipaoo`  |  <span class="pho">ɔ</span>  |
+| `ipal`  |  <span class="pho">ɤ</span>  |
+| `ipatd`  |  <span class="pho">t̠</span>  |
+| `ipatg`  |  <span class="pho">ʔ</span>  |
+| `ipats`  |  <span class="pho">ᵗ</span>  |
+| `ipan`  |  <span class="pho">ŋ</span>  |
+| `ipath`  |  <span class="pho">θ</span>  |
+| `ipad`  |  <span class="pho">ð</span>  |
+| `ipas`  |  <span class="pho">ʃ</span>  |
+| `ipaz`  |  <span class="pho">ʒ</span>  |
+| `ipaj`  |  <span class="pho">ʲ</span>  |
+| `ipaw`  |  <span class="pho">ʷ</span>  |
+| `ipa1`  |  <span class="pho">◌̅</span> flat  |
+| `ipa2`  |  <span class="pho">◌́</span> rise  |
+| `ipa3`  |  <span class="pho">◌̌</span> fall-rise  |
+| `ipa4`  |  <span class="pho">◌̀</span> fall  |
+| `ipa5`  |  <span class="pho">◌̂</span> pitch raise  |
+| `ipa6`  |  <span class="pho">◌̲</span> long vowel  |
+| `ipa7`  |  <span class="pho">◌̩</span> syllabic consonant  |
+| `ipa8`  |  <span class="pho">◌̥</span> voiceless  |
+| `ipa9`  |  <span class="pho">◌̚</span> stop  |
+| `ipa0`  |  <span class="pho">◌</span>  |
+| `ipa`:  |  <span class="pho">ː</span> long vowel symbol  |
+| `ipa`"  |  <span class="pho">ˈ</span> prime stress  |
+| `ipa`'  |  <span class="pho">ˌ</span> secondary stress  |
+| `ipa-`  |  <span class="pho">◌‿◌</span> linking  |
+| `ipa\|` |  <span class="pho">‖</span> grouping boundary  |
+| `-->`  |  <span class="pho">⭢</span>  |
+| `<--`  |  <span class="pho">⭠</span>  |
+| `<->`  |  <span class="pho">⭤</span>  |
+| `irise`  |  <span class="pho">⤴</span> senetence intonation rise  |
+| `idown`  |  <span class="pho">⤵</span> senetence intonation fall  |
+
+
+