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08-20-0753, chapter 4

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1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/3.2.12-lr.md
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@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
> [!Note]
>
> <span class="pho alt">ʌl</span> 没有 <span class="pho">ᵊ</span> 的加音，因为 <span class="pho">ʌ</span> 和 <span class="pho">ə</span> 原本就非常相近。比如，*ultimate* <span class="pho alt">ˈʌltɪmət</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/ultimate-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/ultimate-us-female.mp3"></span>，或者 *result* <span class="pho alt">rɪˈzəlt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/result-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/result-us-female.mp3"></span>。另外，在自然语音中，<span class="pho alt">iːl</span> 要注意。比如， *reveal*，词典里的音标是 <span class="pho alt">rɪˈviːl</span>， 但它的确读做 <span class="pho alt">rɪˈviːᵊl</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/reveal-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/reveal-us-female.mp3"></span>，有加音 <span class="pho">ᵊ</span>，但，*revealing*，读作 <span class="pho alt">rɪˈviːlɪŋ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/revealing-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/revealing-us-female.mp3"></span>，没有加音 <span class="pho">ᵊ</span>，可能是因为 <span class="pho">l</span> 被挪到后面和 <span class="pho">ɪŋ</span> 构成了第三个音节 <span class="pho alt">lɪŋ</span>……
> <span class="pho alt">ʌl</span> 没有 <span class="pho">ᵊ</span> 的加音，因为 <span class="pho">ʌ</span> 和 <span class="pho">ə</span> 原本就非常相近。比如，*ultimate* <span class="pho alt">ˈʌltɪmət</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/ultimate-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/ultimate-us-female.mp3"></span>，或者 *result* <span class="pho alt">rɪˈzəlt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/result-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/result-us-female.mp3"></span>。另外，在自然语流中，<span class="pho alt">iːl</span> 要注意。比如， *reveal*，词典里的音标是 <span class="pho alt">rɪˈviːl</span>， 但它的确读做 <span class="pho alt">rɪˈviːᵊl</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/reveal-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/reveal-us-female.mp3"></span>，有加音 <span class="pho">ᵊ</span>，但，*revealing*，读作 <span class="pho alt">rɪˈviːlɪŋ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/revealing-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/revealing-us-female.mp3"></span>，没有加音 <span class="pho">ᵊ</span>，可能是因为 <span class="pho">l</span> 被挪到后面和 <span class="pho">ɪŋ</span> 构成了第三个音节 <span class="pho alt">lɪŋ</span>……
<span class="pho">l</span> 在语言学里有个专门的称呼，叫做**音节辅音**（<span class="pho">l</span>, <span class="pho">r</span>, <span class="pho">m</span>, <span class="pho">n</span>, 都是音节辅音），就是因为它的发声动作如果完整的话，前面就会自然附加着一个轻微的元音 <span class="pho">ᵊ</span> 的音色。比如，*little* <span class="pho alt">ˈlɪtl̩</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/little-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/little-us-female.mp3"></span> —— <span class="pho">l</span> 下面多出的那一个点 <span class="pho">l̩</span> 的意思是说，这里的 <span class="pho">l̩</span> 是个**音节辅音**，相当于 <span class="pho alt">ᵊl</span>…… 当然，很多词典干脆就直接标注成了 <span class="pho alt">ˈlɪtᵊl</span> 或者 <span class="pho alt">ˈlɪtəl</span>。《剑桥英语发声词典》中没有音节辅音符号，也没区分 <span class="pho">ᵊ</span> 和 <span class="pho">ə</span>，标注的是 <span class="pho alt">ˈlɪt̬əl</span>（另外要注意：因为 <span class="pho">t</span> 夹在两个元音之间，变成了弹舌音 <span class="pho">t̬</span>）。