68 lines
5.4 KiB
Markdown
68 lines
5.4 KiB
Markdown
# 3.2.4. <span class="pho">f</span>/<span class="pho">v</span>
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## 3.2.4.1. 示例
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2"><strong>British</strong></td>
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<td colspan="2"><strong>American</strong></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>D.J.</td>
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<td>例词（Example）</td>
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<td>IPA</td>
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<td>例词（Example）</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><span class="pho">f</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/uk_phonetics_sound_fish_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><b>f</b>ire <span class="pho alt">faɪə</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-female="/audios/fire-uk-female.mp3" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/fire-uk-male.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><span class="pho">f</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us_phonetics_sound_fish_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><b>f</b>ire <span class="pho alt">faɪr</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-female="/audios/fire-us-female.mp3" data-audio-us-male="/audios/fire-us-male.mp3"></span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><span class="pho">v</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/uk_phonetics_sound_very_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><b>v</b>oice <span class="pho alt">vɔɪs</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-female="/audios/voice-uk-female.mp3" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/voice-uk-male.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><span class="pho">v</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us_phonetics_sound_very_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><b>v</b>oice <span class="pho alt">vɔɪs</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-female="/audios/voice-us-female.mp3" data-audio-us-male="/audios/voice-us-male.mp3"></span></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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## 3.2.4.2. 嘴唇动作
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与 <span class="pho">k/g</span> 不一样，<span class="pho">f/v</span> 的发声重点是可以看到的：下嘴唇略微收回，上牙贴在下嘴唇上，而后开始发音。
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韩语中没有这两个音，所以，他们会不由自主地用 <span class="pho">p</span> 替代 <span class="pho">f</span>，用 <span class="pho">b</span> 替代 <span class="pho">v</span>；所以，我们经常会听到韩国人把 *photo* 说成 <span class="pho alt">ˈpoʊˌtoʊ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/photo-ko-kr.mp3"></span>，把 *video* 说成 <span class="pho alt">ˈbɪdioʊ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/video-ko-kr.mp3"></span>……
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中国南方有些方言里也没有 <span class="pho">f</span>，所以，他们可能会用 <span class="pho">hw</span> 替代 <span class="pho">f</span>，比如，把 *fight* 读成 <span class="pho alt">hwaɪt</span>；中文的普通话里没有 <span class="pho">v</span>，所以，中国人经常把用 <span class="pho">w</span> 替换 <span class="pho">v</span>，比如，把 *very* 读成 <span class="pho alt">ˈwɛri</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/very-cn-zh.mp3"></span>……
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## 3.2.4.3. 没有 <span class="pho">ɤ</span>
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另外需要注意的是，与 <span class="pho">p/b</span>、<span class="pho">t/d</span>、<span class="pho">k/g</span> 不一样，<span class="pho">f/v</span> 在发声的时候**不带**任何轻微的元音音色，哪怕是那个若有若无的 <span class="pho">ɤ</span>。
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## 拼写（Spellings）
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### <span class="pho">f</span>
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* **f**
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* fight <span class="pho alt">faɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/fight-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/fight-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* life <span class="pho alt">laɪf</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/life-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/life-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* wife <span class="pho alt">waɪf</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/wife-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/wife-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **ph**
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* photo <span class="pho alt">ˈfoʊ.t̬oʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/photo-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/photo-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* coffee <span class="pho alt">ˈkɑː.fi</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/coffee-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/coffee-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* elephant <span class="pho alt">ˈel.ə.fənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/elephant-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/elephant-us-female.mp3"></span>
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### <span class="pho">v</span>
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* **v**
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* live <span class="pho alt">lɪv</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/live-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/live-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* vector <span class="pho alt">ˈvek.tɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/vector-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/vector-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* vine <span class="pho alt">vaɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/vine-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/vine-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **vv**
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* chivvy <span class="pho alt">ˈtʃɪv.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/chivvy-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/chivvy-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* divvy <span class="pho alt">ˈdɪv.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/divvy-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/divvy-us-female.mp3"></span>
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