67 lines
6.3 KiB
Markdown
67 lines
6.3 KiB
Markdown
# 2.1.4. <span class="pho">e</span>/<span class="pho">æ</span>
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有些词典，针对美式发音，常常会用 <span class="pho">ɛ</span> 标注 <span class="pho">e</span> 这个音[^1]。
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Some dictionaries often use <span class="pho">ɛ</span> to annotate the American English sound of <span class="pho">e</span>.
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<span class="pho">æ</span> 相当于是 <span class="pho">e</span> 的更长版本。虽然 <span class="pho">æ</span> 后面没有长元音符号 <span class="pho">ː</span>，但它的确比其它短元音**长**，算作**半长元音**。
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<span class="pho">æ</span> can be deemed as a more extended version of <span class="pho">e</span>. Even though there's no long vowel symbol <span class="pho">ː</span> following <span class="pho">æ</span>, it is *longer* than other short vowels, and is a *semi-long vowel*.
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亚洲人在读这个音的时候，经过提醒，都能做到把嘴巴张得相对更大一点，但都会不由自主地将它读成更短的版本。
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When Asians try to pronounce this sound, once reminded, they can usually open their mouths a bit wider, but they often unconsciously make the sound shorter than it should be.
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<span class="pho">æ</span> 的发音有两个要点:
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> 1. 音拉长一点
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> 2. 嘴张大一点
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There are two key points to pronouncing <span class="pho">æ</span>:
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> 1. Stretch the sound a little longer
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> 2. Open your mouth wider
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其中，第一个要点相对更为重要。你可以多试试这两个词，*apple* <span class="pho alt">ˈæpəl</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/apple-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/apple-us-female.mp3"></span>，*banana* <span class="pho alt">bəˈnænə</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/banana-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/banana-us-female.mp3"></span>，并刻意把其中的 <span class="pho">æ</span> 拉得更长一点。
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The first point is relatively more important. Try saying these two words: *apple* <span class="pho alt">ˈæpəl</span> and *banana* <span class="pho alt">bəˈnænə</span>, and try intentionally stretching the <span class="pho">æ</span> a little longer.
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[^1]: In IPA, <span class="pho">e</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3"></span> is actually pronounced more like <span class="pho">eɪ</span>, a front, closed, unrounded vowel, while <span class="pho">e</span> in CEPD is equivalent to <span class="pho">ɛ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3"></span> in IPA, a front, open-mid, unrounded vowel.
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## 拼写（Spellings）
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### <span class="pho">e</span>
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* **e**
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* bed <span class="pho alt">bed</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bed-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bed-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* guess <span class="pho alt">ɡes</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/guess-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/guess-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* pet <span class="pho alt">pet</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pet-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pet-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **ea**
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* bread <span class="pho alt">bred</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bread-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bread-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* dead <span class="pho alt">ded</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/dead-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/dead-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* lead <span class="pho alt">liːd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/lead-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/lead-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **a**
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* any <span class="pho alt">ˈen.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/any-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/any-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* many <span class="pho alt">ˈmen.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/many-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/many-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* says <span class="pho alt">sez</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/says-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/says-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **ai**
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* again <span class="pho alt">əˈɡen</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/again-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/again-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* said <span class="pho alt">sed</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/said-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/said-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **ie**
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* friend <span class="pho alt">frend</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/friend-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/friend-us-female.mp3"></span>
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### <span class="pho">æ</span>
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* **a**
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* apple <span class="pho alt">ˈæp.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/apple-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/apple-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* cat <span class="pho alt">kæt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/cat-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/cat-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* glass <span class="pho alt">ɡlæs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/glass-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/glass-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **al**
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* calf <span class="pho alt">kæf</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/calf-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/calf-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* half <span class="pho alt">hæf</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/half-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/half-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **au**
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* laugh <span class="pho alt">læf</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/laugh-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/laugh-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* draught <span class="pho alt">dræft</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/draught-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/draught-us-female.mp3"></span>
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