26 lines
4.1 KiB
Markdown
26 lines
4.1 KiB
Markdown
# 2.2.7 `θ/ð`
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对很多人来说，`θ/ð` 相对较难 —— 主要是因为很多语言中没有这两个音，比如，中日韩都一样，都没有这两个音。
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For many people, producing the sounds `θ/ð` can be a challenge. This is primarily because these sounds aren't present in many languages. For instance, Chinese, Japanese, and Korean are all languages that don't have these sounds.
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虽然，英语老师们都强调说，发这两个音的时候要用牙齿咬住一点点舌尖再发声，也就是说，舌尖要伸出牙齿一点点 —— 这么做当然发声更为清楚，在读单个音节或词汇的时候尤为明显……
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English teachers often emphasize that to produce these sounds, you should lightly bite the tip of your tongue with your teeth before vocalizing it - meaning, the tip of your tongue should slightly stick out past your teeth. Utilizing this technique undoubtedly makes your pronunciation clearer, especially when articulating individual syllables or words.
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但是，在连贯的自然语音之中，会有大量处于**非重音**位置的 `θ/ð` 发声时起始的舌尖位置并没有伸到牙齿之外，只是**贴在牙齿**上而已 —— 即，位置 ①（参见 [1.4](1.4-articulators)）。反过来，即便是处于**重音**位置的 `θ/ð`, 也一样可以把发声动作**简化**一下，只要舌尖贴到牙齿上，而后开始发音即可。
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However, within the flow of natural speech, many instances of the `θ/ð` that are in non-stressed positions start with the tongue tip not extending beyond the teeth, but only resting against them— that is, position ① (as described in [1.4](1.4-articulators)). Even when `θ/ð` phonemes are in stressed positions, the articulation can be simplified. All you need to do is place the tip of the tongue against the teeth, and then begin to vocalize.
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最初练习的时候，可以借助 `s/z` 作为辅助:
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> * 先发 `s` 的音，而后，把舌尖往前推一点点就接触到了牙齿，然后以与 `s` 同样的方式发音，就能听到 `θ`；然后分别说两个词 *sink* `/sɪŋk/`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sink-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sink-us-female.mp3"></span> 和 *think* `/θɪŋk/`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/think-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/think-us-female.mp3"></span>……
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> * 先发 `z` 的音，而后，把舌尖往前推一点点就接触到了牙齿，然后以与 `z` 同样的方式发音，就能听到 `ð`；然后分别说两个词 *zed* `/zed/`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/zed-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/zed-us-female.mp3"></span> 和 *that* `/ðæt/`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/that-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/that-us-female.mp3"></span>……
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When you first start practicing, you can use the sounds of `s/z` as guides to help:
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>* Begin by making the `s` sound. Then, gently push the tip of your tongue forward until it touches your teeth. After this, produce the sound in the same way as `s`, and you should hear the `θ`. Practice this with words like *sink* `/sɪŋk/`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sink-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sink-us-female.mp3"></span> and *think* `/θɪŋk/`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/think-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/think-us-female.mp3"></span>...
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>* Start with the `z` sound. Again, push the tip of your tongue forward until it contacts your teeth. Create the sound as you would with `z`, and you should notice the `ð`. Try this with words such as *zed* `/zed/`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/zed-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/zed-us-female.mp3"></span> and *that* `/ðæt/`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/that-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/that-us-female.mp3"></span>...
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