60 lines
8.0 KiB
Markdown
60 lines
8.0 KiB
Markdown
# 2.2.4 <span class="pho">k/g</span>
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幸亏各种语言里都有这两个音，否则的话，它们学起来原本可能挺困难……
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Thankfully, these two sounds exist in almost every language. Otherwise, learning them could prove quite challenging.
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首先，这两个音需要舌背后部抬起来顶住软腭而后开始发音。这个动作在口腔深处，所以无法直接看到。绝大多数人其实并不知道自己具体是怎么发出这两个声音的，也没有人能想起来自己小时候是如何学会的。
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Firstly, to pronounce these two sounds, the back part of the tongue must be raised and pressed against the *soft palate*. This action takes place deep in the mouth, so it's not something we can see directly. In fact, most people don't even know exactly how they produce these sounds, nor can anyone recall how they learned to make them as children.
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就好像 <span class="pho">t/d</span> 在发音的时候一样，<span class="pho">k/g</span> 也会自然带着一个很轻的元音，再一次，不是 <span class="pho">ə</span> 而是 <span class="pho">ɤ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/us/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3"></span>，但只有气流通过，没有声带振动。请仔细体会一下 *class* 的发音：<span class="pho alt">klæs</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/class-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/class-us-female.mp3"></span> —— 其中 <span class="pho">ɤ</span> 的音色，虽然轻微但也明显。
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Moreover, much like the <span class="pho">t/d</span> sounds, <span class="pho">k/g</span> also naturally carries a slight vowel sound. Once again, it's not <span class="pho">ə</span> but <span class="pho">ɤ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/us/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3"></span>, where the air is flowing through without any vocal cord vibration. Pay close attention to the pronunciation of class: <span class="pho alt">klæs</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/class-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/class-us-female.mp3"></span>. The sound ɤ is subtle yet noticeable.
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另外，夹在两个元音之间的 <span class="pho">k</span> 也会出现像 <span class="pho">t</span> 夹在两个元音之间时那样的浊化现象，听起来更接近
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<span class="pho">g</span>。比如，*look out*<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/lookout-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/lookout-us-female.mp3"></span>，*seek out*<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/seekout-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/seekout-us-female.mp3"></span>，*woke up*<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/wokeup-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/wokeup-us-female.mp3"></span>。
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Also, when a <span class="pho">k</span> comes between two vowels, it can undergo a similar voicing change as a <span class="pho">t</span> between two vowels, making it sound closer to a <span class="pho">g</span>. For example, in *look out*<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/lookout-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/lookout-us-female.mp3"></span> and *seek out*<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/seekout-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/seekout-us-female.mp3"></span>, *woke up*<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/wokeup-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/wokeup-us-female.mp3"></span>.
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## 拼写（Spellings）
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### <span class="pho">k</span>
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* **k**
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- kid <span class="pho alt">kɪd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/kid-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/kid-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- like <span class="pho alt">laɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/like-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/like-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- skin <span class="pho alt">skɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/skin-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/skin-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **c**
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- climb <span class="pho alt">klaɪm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/climb-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/climb-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- cream <span class="pho alt">kriːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/cream-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/cream-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- cry <span class="pho alt">kraɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/cry-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/cry-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **ch**
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- ache <span class="pho alt">eɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/ache-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/ache-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- chemistry <span class="pho alt">ˈkem.ə.stri</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/chemistry-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/chemistry-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- school <span class="pho alt">skuːl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/school-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/school-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **ck**
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- brick <span class="pho alt">brɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/brick-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/brick-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- click <span class="pho alt">klɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/click-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/click-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- kick <span class="pho alt">kɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/kick-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/kick-us-female.mp3"></span>
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### <span class="pho">g</span>
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* **g**
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- get <span class="pho alt">ɡet</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/get-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/get-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- go <span class="pho alt">ɡoʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/go-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/go-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- logo <span class="pho alt">ˈloʊɡoʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/logo-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/logo-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **gg**
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- beggar<span class="pho alt">ˈbeɡ.ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/beggar-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/egg-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- egg <span class="pho alt">eɡ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/egg-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/egg-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- waggle <span class="pho alt">ˈwæɡ.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/waggle-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/waggle-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **gh**
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- ghost <span class="pho alt">ɡoʊst</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/ghost-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/ghost-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- ghetto <span class="pho alt">ˈɡet̬.oʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/ghetto-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/ghetto-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **gu**
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- guard <span class="pho alt">ɡɑːrd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/guard-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/guard-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- guide <span class="pho alt">ɡaɪd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/guide-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/guide-us-female.mp3"></span>
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- guitar <span class="pho alt">ɡɪˈtɑːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/guitar-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/guitar-us-female.mp3"></span>
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