36 lines
2.0 KiB
Markdown
36 lines
2.0 KiB
Markdown
# 1.1.1. 元音
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英文大约 20 个元音。
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2">单元音</td>
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<td>双元音</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>短元音</td>
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<td><code>ʌ</code>, <code>e</code>, <code>ə</code>, <code>ɪ</code>, <code>ʊ</code>, <code>ɒ</code></td>
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<td rowspan="2"><code>aɪ</code>, <code>eɪ</code>, <code>ɔɪ</code>, <code>aʊ</code>, <code>əʊ</code>, <code>eə</code>, <code>ɪə</code>, <code>ʊə</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>长元音</td>
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<td><code>ɑː</code>, <code>æ</code>, <code>əː</code>, <code>iː</code>, <code>uː</code>, <code>ɔː</code></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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::: tip
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* 除了 `ɪ`、`iː` 之外， 还有一个介乎二者长度之间的 `i`，比如 *happy* `/ˈhæpi/`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk="/audios/happy-uk.mp3" data-audio-us="/audios/happy-us.mp3"></span>。
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* 有些外来语可能有鼻化的元音，会在元音之上标注一个波浪号 `˜ `，比如来自法语的 [*penchant*](https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/penchant) `/ˈpɒ̃ʃɒ̃, pɒ̃ŋʃɒ̃ŋ/`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk="/audios/penchant-uk.mp3"></span> ，而大多数美国人会把这个词读作 `ˈ/pɛnʧənt/`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us="/audios/penchant-us.mp3"></span>。
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:::
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::: info
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有时你会看到三种颜色的小喇叭图标，暗红色<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk="null-file.mp3"></span>、浅蓝色<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us="null-file.mp3"></span>，或者黑色<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="null-file.mp3"></span>，用鼠标点击它可以听音频播放。比如，*happy* `/ˈhæpi/` —— 暗红色喇叭<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk="/audios/happy-uk.mp3"></span>是英式发音；浅蓝色<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us="/audios/happy-us.mp3"></span>是美式发音；黑色<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/happy-zh-liaoning.mp3"></span>是其他口音。
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:::
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