69 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
69 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
# 3.2.6. <span class="pho">θ/ð</span>
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对很多人来说，<span class="pho">θ/ð</span> 相对较难 —— 主要是因为很多语言中没有这两个音，比如，中日韩都一样，都没有这两个音。
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## 3.2.6.1. 示例
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2"><strong>British</strong></td>
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<td colspan="2"><strong>American</strong></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>D.J.</td>
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<td>例词（Example）</td>
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<td>IPA</td>
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<td>例词（Example）</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><span class="pho">θ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/uk_phonetics_sound_think_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><b>th</b>ank <span class="pho alt">θæŋk</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-female="/audios/thank-uk-female.mp3" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/thank-uk-male.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><span class="pho">θ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us_phonetics_sound_think_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><b>th</b>ank <span class="pho alt">θæŋk</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-female="/audios/thank-us-female.mp3" data-audio-us-male="/audios/thank-us-male.mp3"></span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><span class="pho">ð</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/uk_phonetics_sound_this_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><b>th</b>is <span class="pho alt">ðɪs</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-female="/audios/this-uk-female.mp3" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/this-uk-male.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><span class="pho">ð</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us_phonetics_sound_this_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><b>th</b>is <span class="pho alt">ðɪs</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-female="/audios/this-us-female.mp3" data-audio-us-male="/audios/this-us-male.mp3"></span></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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## 3.2.6.2. 舌尖起始位置
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td><img src="/images/articulator-tongue-tip-positions.svg"></img></td>
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<td><img src="/images/articulator-tongue-tip-th.svg"></img></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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虽然，学校里的英语老师们都强调说，发这两个音的时候要用牙齿咬住一点点舌尖再发声，也就是说，舌尖要伸出牙齿一点点 —— 这么做当然发声更为清楚，在读单个音节或词汇的时候尤为明显……
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但是，在**连贯的自然语流**之中，会有大量处于**非重音**位置的 <span class="pho">θ/ð</span> 发声时舌尖起始位置并没有伸到牙齿之外，只是**贴在牙齿**上而已 —— 即，位置 ①。反过来，即便是处于**重音**位置的 <span class="pho">θ/ð</span>, 也一样可以把发声动作**简化**一下，只要把舌尖贴到牙齿上，而后开始发音即可。
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最初练习的时候，可以借助 <span class="pho">s/z</span> 作为辅助:
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> * 先发 <span class="pho">s</span> 的音，而后，把舌尖往前推一点点就接触到了牙齿，然后以与 <span class="pho">s</span> 同样的方式发音，就能听到 <span class="pho">θ</span>；然后分别说两个词 *sink* <span class="pho alt">sɪŋk</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/sink-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/sink-us-female.mp3"></span> 和 *think* <span class="pho alt">θɪŋk</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/think-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/think-us-female.mp3"></span>……
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> * 先发 <span class="pho">z</span> 的音，而后，把舌尖往前推一点点就接触到了牙齿，然后以与 <span class="pho">z</span> 同样的方式发音，就能听到 <span class="pho">ð</span>；然后分别说两个词 *zed* <span class="pho alt">zed</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/zed-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/zed-us-female.mp3"></span> 和 *that* <span class="pho alt">ðæt</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/that-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/that-us-female.mp3"></span>……
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## 3.2.6.3. 常见拼写
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### <span class="pho">θ</span>
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* **th**
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* think <span class="pho alt">θɪŋk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/think-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/think-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* bath <span class="pho alt">bæθ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/bath-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/bath-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* wealth <span class="pho alt">welθ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/wealth-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/wealth-us-female.mp3"></span>
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### <span class="pho">ð</span>
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* **th**
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* this <span class="pho alt">ðɪs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/this-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/this-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* then <span class="pho alt">ðen</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/then-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/then-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* with <span class="pho alt">wɪð</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/with-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/with-us-female.mp3"></span>
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