feat: 新增Vol04章节示例源码

code/04/control_flow.ipynb

@@ -0,0 +1,535 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "source": [
+    "# 控制流"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%% md\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": true
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "let's go to the park.\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "today_weather = \"sunny\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "if today_weather == \"sunny\":\n",
+    "    print(\"let's go to the park.\")\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print(\"I can't get out of bed.\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "let's go to the park.\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "today_weather = \"sunny\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "if today_weather == \"sunny\":\n",
+    "    print(\"let's go to the park.\")\n",
+    "elif today_weather == \"rainy\":\n",
+    "    print(\"I can't go to the park.\")\n",
+    "elif today_weather == \"cloudy\":\n",
+    "    print(\"Maybe we can go to park?\")\n",
+    "elif today_weather == \"snowy\":\n",
+    "    print(\"Should we stay at home?\")\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print(\"Ok, I don't know what to do.\")"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 19,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "let's go to the park.\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "today_weather = \"sunny\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "if today_weather == \"sunny\":\n",
+    "    print(\"let's go to the park.\")"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 20,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "`message` string can be printed?\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "# default value\n",
+    "empty = \"\"\n",
+    "names = []\n",
+    "message = \"You got!\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "if empty:\n",
+    "    print(\"`empty` string variable can be printed?\")\n",
+    "elif names:\n",
+    "    print(\"`names` list can be printed?\")\n",
+    "elif message:\n",
+    "    print(\"`message` string can be printed?\")\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print(\"Nothing is printed\")"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 21,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Got 7, over.\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# complicated if-else\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import random\n",
+    "\n",
+    "num = random.randrange(1, 10)\n",
+    "target = [2, 8, 10]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "if (num % 2 == 0) or (num in target):\n",
+    "    print(f\"{num} is target num.\")\n",
+    "elif num ** 3 == 9:\n",
+    "    print(f\"num is 3.\")\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print(f\"Got {num}, over.\")"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "source": [
+    "# 循环遍历"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%% md\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 22,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "iterate message: H/e/l/l/o/,/ /w/o/r/l/d\n",
+      "iterate os: Windows/macOS/Android/Linux/iOS/iPadOS\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from collections import Iterable\n",
+    "\n",
+    "message = \"Hello, world\"\n",
+    "if isinstance(message, Iterable):\n",
+    "    print(\"iterate message: \", end=\"\")\n",
+    "    print(*message, sep=\"/\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "os = [\"Windows\", \"macOS\", \"Android\", \"Linux\", \"iOS\", \"iPadOS\"]\n",
+    "if isinstance(os, Iterable):\n",
+    "    print(\"iterate os: \", end=\"\")\n",
+    "    print(*os, sep=\"/\")"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "source": [
+    "## for-loop"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%% md\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "1: 1*1=1 \n",
+      "2: 1*2=2 2*2=4 \n",
+      "3: 1*3=3 2*3=6 3*3=9 \n",
+      "4: 1*4=4 2*4=8 3*4=12 4*4=16 \n",
+      "5: 1*5=5 2*5=10 3*5=15 4*5=20 5*5=25 \n",
+      "6: 1*6=6 2*6=12 3*6=18 4*6=24 5*6=30 6*6=36 \n",
+      "7: 1*7=7 2*7=14 3*7=21 4*7=28 5*7=35 6*7=42 7*7=49 \n",
+      "8: 1*8=8 2*8=16 3*8=24 4*8=32 5*8=40 6*8=48 7*8=56 8*8=64 \n",
+      "9: 1*9=9 2*9=18 3*9=27 4*9=36 5*9=45 6*9=54 7*9=63 8*9=72 9*9=81 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "for outer in range(1, 10):\n",
+    "    print(f\"{outer}: \", end=\"\")\n",
+    "    for inner in range(outer):\n",
+    "        print(f\"{inner+1}*{outer}={outer*(inner+1)}\", end=\" \")\n",
+    "    print()"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "source": [
+    "## while-loop"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%% md\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 24,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "I can't stop!\n",
+      "I can't stop!\n",
+      "I can't stop!\n",
+      "I can't stop!\n",
+      "I can't stop!\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "cond = 5\n",
+    "while 1:\n",
+    "    if cond == 0:\n",
+    "        break\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    print(\"I can't stop!\")\n",
+    "    cond -= 1"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 25,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "output 1\n",
+      "output 2\n",
+      "output 3\n",
+      "output 4\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "for n in range(1, 6):\n",
+    "    if n % 5 == 0:\n",
+    "        break\n",
+    "    print(f\"output {n}\")"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 26,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "output 1\n",
+      "output 3\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "for n in range(1, 4):\n",
+    "    if n % 2 == 0:\n",
+    "        continue\n",
+    "    print(f\"output {n}\")"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "source": [
+    "# 列表推导式与生成器表达式"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%% md\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 27,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "evens = []\n",
+    "for n in range(1, 11):\n",
+    "    if n % 2 == 0:\n",
+    "        evens.append(n)\n",
+    "print(evens)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 28,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# list comprehension\n",
+    "\n",
+    "evens = [n for n in range(1, 11) if n % 2 == 0]\n",
+    "print(evens)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 29,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# generator expression\n",
+    "\n",
+    "evens = list(n for n in range(1, 11) if n % 2 == 0)\n",
+    "print(evens)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 30,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# better or not?\n",
+    "# comprehension way\n",
+    "\n",
+    "arr = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9, 10]]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "evens = [n for inner in arr for n in inner if n % 2 == 0]\n",
+    "print(evens)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 31,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# native for-loop\n",
+    "\n",
+    "arr = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9, 10]]\n",
+    "evens = []\n",
+    "for inner in arr:\n",
+    "    for n in inner:\n",
+    "        if n % 2 == 0:\n",
+    "            evens.append(n)\n",
+    "print(evens)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 31,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.6"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}

code/04/operators.ipynb

@@ -0,0 +1,672 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": true,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%% md\n"
+    }
+   },
+   "source": [
+    "# 算术运算符"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print(1 + 1)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "1\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print(2 - 1)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "20\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print(10 * 2)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "10.0\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print(100 / 10)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "100\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print(10 ** 2)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print(12 % 10)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "source": [
+    "# 比较运算符"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%% md\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "print(1 == 2)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "print(1 != 3)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "print(1 > 2)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "print(1 >= 10)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "print(1 < 2)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "print(1 <= 10)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "source": [
+    "# 位运算符"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%% md\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "print(f\"1 KB = {1 << 10*1} bytes\")"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "print(f\"1 MB = {1 << 10*2} bytes\")"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "print(f\"1 GB = {1 << 10*3} bytes\")"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "print(f\"1 TB = {1 << 10*4} bytes\")"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "source": [
+    "# 赋值运算符"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "a = 0"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "a += 1\n",
+    "print(a)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "a -= -1\n",
+    "print(a)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "a *= 2\n",
+    "print(a)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "a /= 2\n",
+    "print(a)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "a **= 2\n",
+    "print(a)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "source": [
+    "# 逻辑运算符"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "p = True\n",
+    "q = False"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "p and q  # p 为真且 q 为真，结果为真"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "p or q # p 为真或 q 为假，结果为真"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "not p or q # 非 p 为假或 q 为假，结果为假"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "not (p and q) # 非 p 为真且 q 为真，结果为假"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "source": [
+    "# 成员运算符"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "1 in numbers"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "20 not in numbers"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "source": [
+    "# 标识运算符"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "f = None\n",
+    "f is None"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "a = 1\n",
+    "b = 1\n",
+    "c = 2"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "a is b"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "a is c"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "isinstance(a, int)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "isinstance(a, str)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "isinstance(a, bool)"
+   ],
+   "metadata": {
+    "collapsed": false,
+    "pycharm": {
+     "name": "#%%\n"
+    }
+   }
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 2
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+   "version": "2.7.6"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 0
+}