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xiaolai
@@ -163,6 +163,10 @@ export default withMermaid(
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text: "2.1.9. aɪ... əʊ",
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link: "/sounds-of-american-english/2.1.9-aɪ",
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},
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{
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text: "2.1.10. ɤ",
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link: "/sounds-of-american-english/2.1.10-ɤ",
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},
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]
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},
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{
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BIN
1000-hours/public/audios/us/class-us-female.mp3
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1000-hours/public/audios/us/class-us-female.mp3
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1000-hours/public/audios/us/class-us-male.mp3
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1000-hours/public/audios/us/class-us-male.mp3
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1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/class-us-female.mp3
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1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/class-us-female.mp3
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1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/class-us-male.mp3
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1000-hours/public/jupyter-notebooks/class-us-male.mp3
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@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 17,
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"execution_count": 1,
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"id": "cecefa85-b37d-457e-9e99-e582dabdfb9f",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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@@ -205,6 +205,8 @@
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"pygame 2.5.2 (SDL 2.28.3, Python 3.12.1)\n",
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"Hello from the pygame community. https://www.pygame.org/contribute.html\n",
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"Files created!\n"
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]
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}
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@@ -216,7 +218,7 @@
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"import edge_tts\n",
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"import pygame\n",
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"\n",
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"TEXT = \"I am,He is,She is,They are,Go away,Do all,Do it,Throw it\"\n",
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"TEXT = \"class\"\n",
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"Wordlist = TEXT.split(\",\")\n",
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"\n",
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"for w in Wordlist:\n",
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@@ -1,223 +0,0 @@
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{
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"cells": [
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"id": "b94f103d-ac43-4d13-83cb-eb5090220881",
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"metadata": {
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"jupyter": {
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"source_hidden": true
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}
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},
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"source": [
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"# EdgeTTS\n",
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"\n",
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"https://github.com/rany2/edge-tts\n",
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"\n",
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"edge-tts is a Python module that allows you to use Microsoft Edge's online text-to-speech service from within your Python code or using the provided edge-tts or edge-playback command."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "77deb08f-fec3-4327-b2f9-1c893aacaddc",
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"metadata": {
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"scrolled": true
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},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"!pip install edge-tts\n",
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"!pip install pygame"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 1,
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"id": "9aad6634-e833-4ec4-b285-84e051329712",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"pygame 2.5.2 (SDL 2.28.3, Python 3.12.1)\n",
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"Hello from the pygame community. https://www.pygame.org/contribute.html\n",
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"Files created!\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"import asyncio\n",
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"import edge_tts\n",
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"import pygame\n",
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"\n",
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"TEXT = \"\"\"\n",
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"serendipity\n",
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"\"\"\"\n",
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"\n",
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"Wordlist = TEXT.split(\",\")\n",
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"\n",
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"for w in Wordlist:\n",
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" for VOICE in ['en-US-GuyNeural', 'en-US-JennyNeural']:\n",
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" w = w.strip()\n",
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" OUTPUT_FILE = f\"{w.replace(' ', '-').replace('?', '')}-{VOICE.replace('en-', '').replace('GuyNeural', 'guy').replace('JennyNeural', 'jen').lower()}.mp3\"\n",
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" communicate = edge_tts.Communicate(w, VOICE)\n",
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" await communicate.save(OUTPUT_FILE) \n",
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"\n",
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"print(\"Files created!\") "
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "1e54069c-db63-45ba-86e8-726730b19255",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"import asyncio\n",
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"import edge_tts\n",
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"import pygame\n",
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"\n",
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"TEXT = \"Jane,dramatic,young,girl,loves,to,read,books,at,leisure,in,rooms,or,play,on,a,sunny,day,outdoor,here,and,there,under,the,trees,with,boys,She,vowed,to,buy,a,red,ear,dog,She,thought,it,was,unique,for,sure,Now,she,feeds,it,dough,nuts,and,cheese,bar\"\n",
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"Wordlist = TEXT.split(\",\")\n",
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"\n",
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"for w in Wordlist:\n",
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" for VOICE in ['zh-CN-YunxiNeural', 'zh-CN-XiaoxiaoNeural']:\n",
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" w = w.strip()\n",
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" OUTPUT_FILE = f\"{w}-{VOICE.replace('YunxiNeural', 'male').replace('XiaoxiaoNeural', 'female').lower()}.mp3\"\n",
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" communicate = edge_tts.Communicate(w, VOICE)\n",
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" await communicate.save(OUTPUT_FILE) \n",
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"\n",
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"print(\"Files created!\") "
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "09d5ab47-5807-4ded-a8b9-45277831d425",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"# VOICE = \"en-US-GuyNeural\" # Male\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-US-AnaNeural\" # Female\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-US-AndrewNeural\" # Male\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-US-AriaNeural\" # Female\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-US-AvaNeural\" # Female\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-US-BrianNeural\" # Male\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-US-ChristopherNeural\" # Male\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-US-EmmaNeural\" # Female\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-US-EricNeural\" # Male\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-US-GuyNeural\" # Male\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-US-JennyNeural\" # Female\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-US-MichelleNeural\" # Female\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-US-RogerNeural\" # Male\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-US-SteffanNeural\" # Male\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-GB-LibbyNeural\" # Female\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-GB-MaisieNeural\" # Female\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-GB-RyanNeural\" # Male\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-GB-SoniaNeural\" # Female\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-GB-ThomasNeural\" # Male\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-AU-NatashaNeural\" # Female\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-AU-WilliamNeural\" # Male\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-CA-ClaraNeural\" # Female\n",
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"# VOICE = \"en-CA-LiamNeural\" # Male\n"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "862f0948",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"pygame.mixer.init()\n",
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"pygame.mixer.music.load(OUTPUT_FILE)\n",
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"pygame.mixer.music.play()"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 1,
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"id": "00939422-fbf9-4842-b82a-b6106624c075",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"pygame 2.5.2 (SDL 2.28.3, Python 3.11.5)\n",
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"Hello from the pygame community. https://www.pygame.org/contribute.html\n",
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"Files created!\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"import asyncio\n",
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"import edge_tts\n",
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"import pygame\n",
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"\n",
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"TEXT = \"a,and,at,bar,books,boys,buy,cheese,day,dog,dough,dramatic,ear,feeds,for,girl,here,in,it,Jane,leisure,loves,Now,nuts,on,or,outdoor,play,read,red,rooms,She,sunny,sure,the,there,thought,to,trees,under,unique,vowed,was,with,young\"\n",
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"Wordlist = TEXT.split(\",\")\n",
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"\n",
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"for w in Wordlist:\n",
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" for VOICE in ['en-US-GuyNeural', 'en-US-JennyNeural', 'en-GB-RyanNeural', 'en-GB-SoniaNeural']:\n",
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" w = w.strip()\n",
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" OUTPUT_FILE = f\"{w}-{VOICE.replace('GuyNeural', 'Guy-Male').replace('JennyNeural', 'Jenny-Female').replace('RyanNeural', 'Ryan-Male').replace('SoniaNeural', 'Sonia-Female').lower()}.mp3\"\n",
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" communicate = edge_tts.Communicate(w, VOICE)\n",
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" await communicate.save(OUTPUT_FILE) \n",
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"\n",
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"print(\"Files created!\") "
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "93f68a91-7e6b-45ef-932e-533b695e4ac1",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"# ru-RU-DmitryNeural\n",
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"# ko-KR-InJoonNeural"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "474c3f39-11ed-4d0a-b039-63df8b270044",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"import os\n",
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"print(os.getcwd())"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"id": "2128587f-e6c8-488d-8c40-6c958b9c735e",
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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}
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],
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"metadata": {
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"kernelspec": {
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"display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
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"language": "python",
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"name": "python3"
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},
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"language_info": {
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"codemirror_mode": {
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"name": "ipython",
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"version": 3
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},
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"file_extension": ".py",
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"mimetype": "text/x-python",
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"name": "python",
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"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
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"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
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"version": "3.12.1"
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}
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},
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"nbformat": 4,
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"nbformat_minor": 5
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}
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@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
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# 2.1. 元音（Vowels）
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英文总计 6 个基础元音，分别是 `ʌ`、`e`、`ə`、`ɪ`、`ʊ`、`ɒ` —— 这 6 个短元音就好像是 “根” 一样。剩下的十几个元音要么是它们略有变化的更长版本，即，长元音 —— `ɑː, æ, əː, iː, uː, ɔː`；要么是它们的组合版本，即，双元音 —— `aɪ, eɪ, ɔɪ, aʊ, oʊ, er, ɪr, ʊr`。
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英文总计 6 个基础元音，分别是 `ʌ`、`e`、`ə`、`ɪ`、`ʊ`、`ɒ` —— 这 6 个短元音就好像是 “根” 一样。剩下的十几个元音要么是它们略有变化的更长版本，即，长元音 —— `ɑː, æ, ɝː, i, iː, uː, ɔː`；要么是它们的组合版本，即，双元音 —— `aɪ, eɪ, ɔɪ, aʊ, oʊ, er, ɪr, ʊr`。
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In English, there are 6 basic vowels: `ʌ`, `e`, `ə`, `ɪ`, `ʊ`, and `ɒ`. Think of these 6 short vowels like the *roots* of a tree. The remaining more than a dozen vowels are either slightly modified, longer versions of these - the *long* vowels, which are `ɑː, æ, əː, iː, uː, ɔː`; or, they are combinations of these basic sounds, known as *diphthongs* - `aɪ, eɪ, ɔɪ, aʊ, oʊ, er, ɪr, ʊr`.
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In English, there are 6 basic vowels: `ʌ`, `e`, `ə`, `ɪ`, `ʊ`, and `ɒ`. Think of these 6 short vowels like the *roots* of a tree. The remaining more than a dozen vowels are either slightly modified, longer versions of these - the *long* vowels, which are `ɑː, æ, ɝː, i, iː, uː, ɔː`; or, they are combinations of these basic sounds, known as *diphthongs* - `aɪ, eɪ, ɔɪ, aʊ, oʊ, er, ɪr, ʊr`.
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> 在英式英语中，`er, ɪr, ʊr` 这 3 个双元音分别读作 `eə, ɪə, ʊə`。
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>
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9
1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.1.10-ɤ.md
Normal file
9
1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.1.10-ɤ.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
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# 2.1.10. `ɤ`
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人类的语音在最底层是相通的 —— 最明显的例证就是所有的语言都一样，不仅都以元音为核心，并且，都有大致相同的基础元音音素，比如 `ɑ`、`i`、`ʊ`、`e`、`ɔ`…… 日文就恰好只有这五个母音。英文还另外有一个 `ə`；而韩文比英文还要多出一个 `ɤ`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/us/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3"></span>（韩文字符为 `ᅳ`） —— 这个音中文也有，比如，在 “思念” 这个词中， “思”（`sī`）的韵母就是这个音。
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Human speech, at its core, is universal - the clearest example being that all languages share certain fundamental tenets. Every language places vowels at their heart and maintains a similar basic vowel phonemes such as `ɑ`, `i`, `ʊ`, `e`, `ɔ`, amongst others. Take Japanese for instance; it uses precisely these five vowels only. English includes one more: `ə`. Korean even outpaces English by adding another one —`ɤ`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/us/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3"></span> (represented in Hangul as `ᅳ`). Interestingly enough you can find this sound in Mandarin Chinese too — like in `sī` of "思念" `sīniàn`, meaning to miss or remember.
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虽然英文的音标列表里并没有收录 `ɤ` 这个音，可实际上，你试试就知道了：`d` 被读作 `dɤ`，`g` 被读作 `gɤ` —— 其中的 `ɤ` 很轻很短；同样，`t` 实际上被读作 `tɤ`，`k` 被读作 `kɤ` —— 其中的 `ɤ` 没有气流振动。
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Even though the phonetic symbol `ɤ` isn't included in English phonetic chart, you'll notice something interesting if you try it out: the letter `d` is actually pronounced as `dɤ`, and `g` is pronounced as `gɤ`. Here, the `ɤ` sound is very light and brief. Similarly, `t` is actually pronounced as `tɤ`, and `k` is pronounced as `kɤ`, with the `ɤ` not involving any airflow vibration.
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@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ In Mandarin Chinese, the starting position of the tongue tip for the `t` and `d`
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For Chinese speakers, it's a pretty tough to correct at first because the tongue tip instinctively goes to the teeth, not the *alveolar ridge*. It can only be corrected through intense and frequent practice to build a new habit.
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另外，就好像 `p/b` 在发音的时候会自然带着一个很轻的 `ʊ` 一样，`t/d` 也会自然带着一个很轻的元音，不过，不是 `ə` 而是 `ɤ`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/us/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3"></span> —— 之前提到过，相当于中文里 “思念” 的 “思”（`sī`）的韵母。
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另外，就好像 `p/b` 在发音的时候会自然带着一个很轻的 `ʊ` 一样，`t/d` 也会自然带着一个很轻的元音，不过，不是 `ə` 而是 `ɤ`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/us/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3"></span> —— 之前提到过，相当于中文里 “思念” 的 “思”（`sī`）的韵母（[2.1.10](2.1.10-ɤ)）。
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Additionally, just as the `p` and `b` sound naturally carries a slight `ʊ` sound in its pronunciation, the `t` and `d` sound also carries a light vowel sound. But instead of 'ə', it's `ɤ`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/us/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3"></span> - as previously mentioned, this is equivalent to the vowel in the Chinese word for 思, which is `sī.`
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@@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ Firstly, to pronounce these two sounds, the back part of the tongue must be rais
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就好像 `t/d` 在发音的时候一样，`k/g` 也会自然带着一个很轻的元音，再一次，不是 `ə` 而是 `ɤ`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/us/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3"></span>，但只有气流通过，没有声带振动。
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就好像 `t/d` 在发音的时候一样，`k/g` 也会自然带着一个很轻的元音，再一次，不是 `ə` 而是 `ɤ`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/us/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3"></span>，但只有气流通过，没有声带振动。请仔细体会一下 *class* 的发音：`/klæs/`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/class-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/class-us-female.mp3"></span> —— 其中 `ɤ` 的音色，虽然轻微但也明显。
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Moreover, much like the `t/d` sounds, `k/g` also naturally carries a slight vowel sound. Once again, it's not `ə` but `ɤ`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/us/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3"></span>, where the air is flowing through without any vocal cord vibration.
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Moreover, much like the `t/d` sounds, `k/g` also naturally carries a slight vowel sound. Once again, it's not `ə` but `ɤ`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/us/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3"></span>, where the air is flowing through without any vocal cord vibration. Pay close attention to the pronunciation of class: `/klæs/`<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/class-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/class-us-female.mp3"></span>. The sound ɤ is subtle yet noticeable.
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user