chapter 4 and 5 added.

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--- a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.2.16-spellings.md
+++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/2.2.16-spellings.md
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-# 拼读（Spellings and Sounds）
-
-之前的章节里，都罗列了对应每个音素可能的拼写。有些拼写只对应一个读音，比如，**h** 就只对应着 <span class="pho">h</span>；但，有一些拼写可能对应着多个读音。以下是一个总结整理，需要经过反复对照而暗熟于心。
-
-In the previous chapters, we listed the possible spellings for each phoneme. Some spellings correspond to just one sound, like **h**, which only corresponds to <span class="pho">h</span>. However, some spellings can correspond to multiple sounds. Here's a summary that needs to be reviewed repeatedly until it becomes second nature.
-
-## 元音拼写（Spellings of Vowels）
-
-* "**a**": `ɑː`, `æ`, `e`, `eɪ`, `ə`
-* "**ai**": `e`, `eɪ`
-* "**al**": `ɑː`, `æ`, `ɔː`
-* "**ar**": `ɑːr`, `ɚ`
-* "**au**": `ɑː`, `aʊ`, `ɔː`
-* "**e**": `e`, `ə`, `ɪ`, `iː`
-* "**ea**": `e`, `iː`, `eɪ`
-* "**ear**": `er`, `ɪr`, `ɝː`
-* "**er**": `ɚ`, `ɝː`
-* "**ew**": `uː`, `oʊ`
-* "**i**": `ɪ`, `aɪ`, `ə`, `j`,
-* "**ie**": `iː`, `e`, `aɪ`
-* "**o**": `ʌ`, `ɑː`, `ə`, `ɔː`, `uː`, `oʊ`
-* "**oo**": `ʌ`, `ʊ`, `uː`
-* "**oor**": `ʊr`, `ɔːr`
-* "**or**": `ɚ`, `ɝː`, `ɔːr`
-* "**ou**": `ʌ`, `ʊ`, `ə`, `aʊ`
-* "**ough**": `ɑː`, `oʊ`
-* "**our**": `aʊr`, `ʊr`, `ɔːr`
-* "**ow**": `aʊ`, `oʊ`
-* "**u**": `ʌ`, `ʊ`, `uː`, `ə`
-* "**ure**": `ɚ`, `ʊr`
-
-## 辅音拼写（Spellings of Consonants）
-
-* "**c**": `s`, `k`
-* "**ch**": `ʃ`, `k`, `ʧ`
-* "**d**": `d`, `dʒ`
-* "**g**": `g`, `dʒ`, `ʒ`
-* "**j**": `j`, `dʒ`
-* "**s**": `s`, `z`, `ʃ`, `ʒ`
-* "**ss**": `s`, `ʃ`
-* "**th**": `ð`, `θ`, `t`
-* "**y**": `ɪ`, `aɪ`, `i`, `j`
-* "**z**": `z`, `ʒ`
--- a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4-whats-next.md
+++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4-whats-next.md
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+# 4. 而后（What's next）
+
+语音是可以通过 3 ～ 6 个月的密集训练彻底搞定的 —— 至少可以获得极大的改善。下一步是什么？下一步是搞定语言的另一方面，除了语音之外的文字 —— 任何语言都一样，都是且只是语音和文字的组合。
+
+With 3 to 6 months of intensive practice, you can really nail pronunciation — at least, you can see huge improvements. So, what's next? The next step is to master the other side of the language: the written word. Every language boils down to a combination of speaking and writing.
+
+文字的最基本要素是词汇。英文的词汇基本上是 “拼音文字”。英文的拼写，若是借用中文概念的话，有两种，一种 “表音”，一种 “表意” —— 或者 “既表音又表意”。
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+spellings(拼写)-...-phonetic-parts(音节)-...-sound&meaning(发音)
+spellings<-----> sound&meaning
+spellings(拼写)-...-semantic-parts(构件)-...-sound&meaning(含义及发音)
+```
+
+The most basic element of writing is vocabulary. English words are fundamentally "phonetic script." If we borrow concepts from Chinese, English spelling falls into two categories: one is "phonetic," the other is "semantic" — or sometimes "both phonetic and semantic."
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+spellings(spellings)-..-phonetic-parts(phonetic parts)-..-meaning&sound(meaning & sound)
+spellings(spellings)<---->meaning&sound(meaning & sound)
+spellings(spellings)-..-*semantic*-parts(semantic parts)-..-meaning&sound(meaning & sound)
+```
+
+比如，*apple* <span class="pho alt">ˈæp.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/apple-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/apple-us-female.mp3"></span> 就是一个表音构成的词汇，总计两个音节，*app* 对应着第一个音节 <span class="pho alt">ˈæp</span>，*le* 对应着第二个音节 <span class="pho alt">əl</span>。所以，记忆它的时候，不是一个字母一个字母地背，说，“a、p、p、l、e…… *apple!*”。而是：<span class="pho alt">æ</span> 对应着 *a*；*app*，<span class="pho alt">p</span> 的拼写是两个叠加的 *pp*，而后是 <span class="pho alt">le</span> 对应着 <span class="pho alt">əl</span> —— 这样的拼写很常见，比如，*double* <span class="pho alt">ˈdʌb.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/double-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/double-us-female.mp3"></span>, *impossible* <span class="pho alt">ɪmˈpɑː.sə.bəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/impossible-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/impossible-us-female.mp3"></span>……
+
+For example, *apple* <span class="pho alt">ˈæp.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/apple-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/apple-us-female.mp3"></span> is *phonetic* and has two syllables. The first syllable is *app* <span class="pho alt">ˈæp</span>, and the second syllable is *le* <span class="pho alt">əl</span>. So, when you’re memorizing it, you don’t go letter by letter saying, "a, p, p, l, e... *apple!*". Instead, think of it like this: <span class="pho alt">æ</span> matches with *a*; *app* includes <span class="pho alt">p</span> spelled as double *pp*, and then <span class="pho alt">le</span> matches with <span class="pho alt">əl</span>. This spelling pattern is quite common, for example, in words like *double* <span class="pho alt">ˈdʌb.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/double-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/double-us-female.mp3"></span> and *impossible* <span class="pho alt">ɪmˈpɑː.sə.bəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/impossible-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/impossible-us-female.mp3"></span>.
+
+另外，常用词汇中其实有不少是 “组合词汇”（*compound words*），各个组成部分也都是 “表意” 的。比如 *classroom* <span class="pho alt">ˈklæs.ruːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/classroom-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/classroom-us-female.mp3"></span>, *doorbell* <span class="pho alt">ˈdɔːr.bel</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/doorbell-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/doorbell-us-female.mp3"></span>, *handwriting* <span class="pho alt">ˈhændˌraɪ.t̬ɪŋ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/handwriting-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/handwriting-us-female.mp3"></span>, *sunshine* <span class="pho alt">ˈsʌn.ʃaɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sunshine-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sunshine-us-female.mp3"></span>, *upstairs* <span class="pho alt">ʌpˈsterz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/upstairs-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/upstairs-us-female.mp3"></span> 等等。
+
+Besides, there are quite a few common words that are actually compound words, with each part contributing to the overall meaning, that is, they are *semantic*. For example, *classroom* <span class="pho alt">ˈklæs.ruːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/classroom-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/classroom-us-female.mp3"></span>, *doorbell* <span class="pho alt">ˈdɔːr.bel</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/doorbell-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/doorbell-us-female.mp3"></span>, *handwriting* <span class="pho alt">ˈhændˌraɪ.t̬ɪŋ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/handwriting-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/handwriting-us-female.mp3"></span>, *sunshine* <span class="pho alt">ˈsʌn.ʃaɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sunshine-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sunshine-us-female.mp3"></span>, *upstairs* <span class="pho alt">ʌpˈsterz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/upstairs-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/upstairs-us-female.mp3"></span>, and so on.
+
+词根词缀，尤其是那些来自于拉丁语的词根词缀，在词汇量没达到一定程度之前，实际用处并不大 —— 但，到了一定地步，比如，词汇量超过 5,000 的时候，在这样扎实的基础上，稍微研究一下词根词缀，对快速且大量地做大词汇量是很有帮助的。
+
+Roots and affixes, especially those from Latin, aren’t very useful until your vocabulary reaches a certain level. But once you get to around 5,000 words, having a solid foundation, delving into roots and affixes can really help you expand your vocabulary quickly and significantly.
+
+举个例子，*ichthyosaur* <span class="pho alt">ˈɪk.θi.ə.sɔːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/ichthyosaur-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/ichthyosaur-us-female.mp3"></span>，这个一看就知道并非常用的词汇，其实很简单，先从表音构成去看，<span class="pho alt">ˈɪk.θi.ə.sɔːr</span> —— 剑桥词典把它划分成了 4 个音节…… 但感觉上，第二第三个音节可以合并，<span class="pho alt">ˈɪk.θiə.sɔːr</span>，*ich* ⭤ <span class="pho alt">ˈɪk</span>, *thyo* ⭤ <span class="pho alt">θiə</span>, *saur* ⭤ <span class="pho alt">sɔːr</span>…… 而从表意的角度去看呢？前半部 *ichthyo-* 的意思是 “与鱼有关的”…… 后半部 *-saur* 是什么意思呢？各种恐龙的 “龙” 都是 -saur 结尾，于是，这个词的意思是 “鱼龙”…… 换言之，这个单词的两个部分，都是拉丁词根词缀，也都是 “既表音又表意” 的，事实上很简单 —— 虽然拼写乍看起来很复杂。
+
+Take *ichthyosaur* for example: <span class="pho alt">ˈɪk.θi.ə.sɔːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/ichthyosaur-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/ichthyosaur-us-female.mp3"></span>. At a glance, you can tell it's not a common word. But it's actually quite simple. Let’s break it down by its sounds. The Cambridge Dictionary splits it into four syllables: <span class="pho alt">ˈɪk.θi.ə.sɔːr</span>. However, the second and third syllables feel like they can be combined: <span class="pho alt">ˈɪk.θiə.sɔːr</span>. So, *ich* is <span class="pho alt">ˈɪk</span>, *thyo* is <span class="pho alt">θiə</span>, and *saur* is <span class="pho alt">sɔːr</span>. From a *semantic* perspective, the first part, *ichthyo-*, means "related to fish." The second part, *-saur*, means "lizard" or "reptile," like in many dinosaur names that end in *-saur*. So, the word *ichthyosaur* means "*fish lizard*" or "*fish reptile*." In other words, this word's parts, drawn from Latin roots and suffixes, make it both *phonetically* and *semantically* simple, even if its spelling looks complicated at first glance.
+
+记忆词汇的最朴素最有效方法，就是把它的拼写、读音和意义联系起来 —— 这原本是文字本来的结构和意义。
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+
+sounds(读音)<--->meanings(意义)
+meanings<--->spellings(拼写)
+sounds<--->spellings
+```
+
+The simplest and most effective way to remember vocabulary is to connect its spelling, pronunciation, and meaning. This is essentially the structure and purpose of words.
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+
+sounds(sounds)<--->meanings(meanings)
+meanings<--->spellings(spellings)
+sounds<--->spellings
+```
+
+所以，背单词的时候，要边说边写，即然说出来了就能听得到，即然写出来了就能看得到 —— 它应该是一个同时调动多个感官的活动。
+
+When you're building vocabulary, you should say and write the words at the same time. If you speak it, you hear it. If you write it, you see it. It should be an activity that engages multiple senses at once.
+
+除此之外，其他的任何所谓的 “方法”，都不仅无效，甚至只有副作用，弊大于利。比如什么 “谐音记忆法” 或者 “趣味记忆法” 什么的，它们都违背大脑对语言文字的基本工作机制，根本不可能提高效率，只会增加不必要的负担 —— 虽然有时候觉竟然觉得有点意思……
+
+Apart from this approach, any other so-called "method" is not only ineffective but also counterproductive. Techniques like "homonym mnemonics" or "fun memory tricks" go against how the brain naturally processes language, speaking or writing. They don't improve efficiency; they just add unnecessary work, even if they sometimes seem somewhat amusing.
+
+人们失败的原因很简单，他们总想 “更省事儿一点”。坐在那里只用眼睛看，既不动口也不动手，也因此实际上更少动脑。只调用一个器官和同时调用多个器官是不一样的，前者好像更省事儿，可实际上由于脑力调用太少，导致的结果是 “效果几近于零”。
+
+The reason people fail is simple: they want to take the easy way out. They just sit there looking at words with their eyes, without speaking or writing, which means they engage their brains less. Using just one sense is not the same as using multiple senses simultaneously. The former might seem easier, but due to minimal brain engagement, the results are almost negligible.
+
+学外语的人十有八九失败。很多失败的人都曾经去问过老师，“老师，我背单词不记发音行不行？” “老师，我背单词不记拼写行不行？” 这种荒谬至极的问题问出来，并不是想要什么答案，只是想要一个 “偷懒认证”，给自己的偷懒找个背书…… 还别说，还真有老师说 “可以！” 因为真的有相当数量相当比例的老师，通过这种方法获得更多来自学生的好感，进而提高自己的收入……
+
+Most people fail at learning a new language. Many of them have asked their teachers, "Can I memorize words without learning their pronunciation?" or "Can I memorize words without learning how to spell them?" These absurd questions aren't looking for real answers; they are just seeking a justification to cut corners. And believe it or not, some teachers say "yes" to gain popularity and, as a result, increase their income.
+
+扩充词汇，是有 “加速度” 的过程 —— 可以越来越快…… 可是，在最初的时候，速度很低，加速度为零，所以总是感觉超级吃力。然而，词汇之间是有关联的，对大脑来说，一个生词与已有的词汇关联越多，越容易记住。也就是说，已有词汇量越多，新词可能与它们产生的关联越多，所以才越来越容易。当你的词汇量超过三五千的时候，你就会感觉很多生词几乎看一眼就记得住，无论是拼写还是读音还是其意义甚至其用法。
+
+Building your vocabulary has a snowball effect—you can pick up speed as you go. However, at the beginning, the speed is very low, and it feels incredibly hard. Words are interconnected. For your brain, the more links a new word has with the words you already know, the easier it is to remember. So, the larger your vocabulary, the more connections there are, and it becomes increasingly easier to learn new words. When your vocabulary exceeds three to five thousand words, you'll find that you can almost remember new words at a glance, including their spelling, pronunciation, meaning, and even usage.
+
+所以有个窍门。**直接背例句**…… 对大脑来说，“多朗读几遍例句” 远比 “只把力气花在某一个单词或者词组上” 来得更为轻松。在语言方面就是这样，你做得越多，对大脑来说越轻松，反过来，你做得越少，所谓 “省事儿” 逐步形成的，对大脑来说只能是不可逾越的障碍。
+
+Here's a tip: *memorize **sentences** directly*. For your brain, reading a few example sentences repeatedly is much easier than focusing all your effort on a single word or phrase. In language learning, the more you do, the easier it gets for your brain. Conversely, the less you do, the so-called "easier way" forms an insurmountable obstacle.
+
+进而，最靠谱的扩大词汇量方法：**精读**。找到自己真正感兴趣的书（小说类、非小说类各几本），遇到生词就查，逐一消灭 —— 每本书都要读若干遍（所以一定要选自己真迷恋的书）…… 读着读着，词汇量就大了，句法障碍就消失了，理解能力就提高了，阅读速度就飞快了…… 各种语言都是这样的。哪怕是我们的母语，我们对母语的掌控能力，也是这么练出来的 —— 学校里的语文课和语文老师，从来都帮不上什么忙…… 说点刻薄的话，这些语文老师啊，他们的唯一作用就是在考试里给绝大多数学生设置奇怪的障碍。
+
+The most reliable method to expand your vocabulary is *intensive reading*. Find books you are genuinely interested in (both fiction and non-fiction). Look up unfamiliar words and eliminate them one by one. Read each book several times, so make sure you really love these books. As you read, your vocabulary will grow, syntax barriers will disappear, your comprehension will improve, and your reading speed will soar. This applies to all languages. Even in our native language, our proficiency comes from practice—not from schools or language teachers. In fact, these teachers often only serve to create odd obstacles in exams.
--- a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4.1-multisounds.md
+++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4.1-multisounds.md
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# 4.1. 多音拼写（Spellings with multiple sounds）
+
+之前的章节里，都罗列了对应每个音素可能的拼写。有些拼写只对应一个读音，比如，**h** 就只对应着 <span class="pho">h</span>；但，有一些拼写可能对应着多个读音。以下是一个总结整理，需要经过反复对照而暗熟于心。
+
+In the previous chapters, we listed the possible spellings for each phoneme. Some spellings correspond to just one sound, like **h**, which only corresponds to <span class="pho">h</span>. However, some spellings can correspond to multiple sounds. Here's a summary that needs to be reviewed repeatedly until it becomes second nature.
+
+## 4.1.1. 元音拼写（Spellings of Vowels）
+
+- "**a**": `ɑː`, `æ`, `e`, `eɪ`, `ə`
+- "**ai**": `e`, `eɪ`
+- "**al**": `ɑː`, `æ`, `ɔː`
+- "**ar**": `ɑːr`, `ɚ`
+- "**au**": `ɑː`, `aʊ`, `ɔː`
+- "**e**": `e`, `ə`, `ɪ`, `iː`
+- "**ea**": `e`, `iː`, `eɪ`
+- "**ear**": `er`, `ɪr`, `ɝː`
+- "**er**": `ɚ`, `ɝː`
+- "**ew**": `uː`, `oʊ`
+- "**i**": `ɪ`, `aɪ`, `ə`, `j`,
+- "**ie**": `iː`, `e`, `aɪ`
+- "**o**": `ʌ`, `ɑː`, `ə`, `ɔː`, `uː`, `oʊ`
+- "**oo**": `ʌ`, `ʊ`, `uː`
+- "**oor**": `ʊr`, `ɔːr`
+- "**or**": `ɚ`, `ɝː`, `ɔːr`
+- "**ou**": `ʌ`, `ʊ`, `ə`, `aʊ`
+- "**ough**": `ɑː`, `oʊ`
+- "**our**": `aʊr`, `ʊr`, `ɔːr`
+- "**ow**": `aʊ`, `oʊ`
+- "**u**": `ʌ`, `ʊ`, `uː`, `ə`
+- "**ure**": `ɚ`, `ʊr`
+
+## 4.1.2. 辅音拼写（Spellings of Consonants）
+
+- "**c**": `s`, `k`
+- "**ch**": `ʃ`, `k`, `ʧ`
+- "**d**": `d`, `dʒ`
+- "**g**": `g`, `dʒ`, `ʒ`
+- "**j**": `j`, `dʒ`
+- "**s**": `s`, `z`, `ʃ`, `ʒ`
+- "**ss**": `s`, `ʃ`
+- "**th**": `ð`, `θ`, `t`
+- "**y**": `ɪ`, `aɪ`, `i`, `j`
+- "**z**": `z`, `ʒ`
--- a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4.2-compounds.md
+++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4.2-compounds.md
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+## 4.2. 常见组合词汇（Compound words）
+
+1. airplane <span class="pho alt">ˈer.pleɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/airplane-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/airplane-us-female.mp3"></span>
+2. airport <span class="pho alt">ˈer.pɔːrt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/airport-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/airport-us-female.mp3"></span>
+3. backyard <span class="pho alt">ˌbækˈjɑːrd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/backyard-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/backyard-us-female.mp3"></span>
+4. bedroom <span class="pho alt">ˈbed.ruːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bedroom-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bedroom-us-female.mp3"></span>
+5. birthday <span class="pho alt">ˈbɝːθ.deɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/birthday-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/birthday-us-female.mp3"></span>
+6. blackboard <span class="pho alt">ˈblæk.bɔːrd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/blackboard-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/blackboard-us-female.mp3"></span>
+7. bookstore <span class="pho alt">ˈbʊk.stɔːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/bookstore-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/bookstore-us-female.mp3"></span>
+8. brainstorm <span class="pho alt">ˈbreɪn.stɔːrm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/brainstorm-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/brainstorm-us-female.mp3"></span>
+9. breakfast <span class="pho alt">ˈbrek.fəst</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/breakfast-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/breakfast-us-female.mp3"></span>
+10. classroom <span class="pho alt">ˈklæs.ruːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/classroom-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/classroom-us-female.mp3"></span>
+11. cupcake <span class="pho alt">ˈkʌp.keɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/cupcake-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/cupcake-us-female.mp3"></span>
+12. daydream <span class="pho alt">ˈdeɪ.driːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/daydream-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/daydream-us-female.mp3"></span>
+13. dishwasher <span class="pho alt">ˈdɪʃˌwɑː.ʃɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/dishwasher-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/dishwasher-us-female.mp3"></span>
+14. doorbell <span class="pho alt">ˈdɔːr.bel</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/doorbell-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/doorbell-us-female.mp3"></span>
+15. downtown <span class="pho alt">ˌdaʊnˈtaʊn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/downtown-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/downtown-us-female.mp3"></span>
+16. earthquake <span class="pho alt">ˈɝːθ.kweɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/earthquake-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/earthquake-us-female.mp3"></span>
+17. everyday <span class="pho alt">ˈev.ri.deɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/everyday-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/everyday-us-female.mp3"></span>
+18. eyewitness <span class="pho alt">ˈaɪˌwɪt.nəs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/eyewitness-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/eyewitness-us-female.mp3"></span>
+19. firefighter <span class="pho alt">ˈfaɪrˌfaɪ.t̬ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/firefighter-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/firefighter-us-female.mp3"></span>
+20. football <span class="pho alt">ˈfʊt.bɑːl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/football-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/football-us-female.mp3"></span>
+21. greenhouse <span class="pho alt">ˈɡriːn.haʊs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/greenhouse-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/greenhouse-us-female.mp3"></span>
+22. handwriting <span class="pho alt">ˈhændˌraɪ.t̬ɪŋ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/handwriting-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/handwriting-us-female.mp3"></span>
+23. headache <span class="pho alt">ˈhed.eɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/headache-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/headache-us-female.mp3"></span>
+24. highway <span class="pho alt">ˈhaɪ.weɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/highway-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/highway-us-female.mp3"></span>
+25. homework <span class="pho alt">ˈhoʊm.wɝːk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/homework-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/homework-us-female.mp3"></span>
+26. iceberg <span class="pho alt">ˈaɪs.bɝːɡ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/iceberg-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/iceberg-us-female.mp3"></span>
+27. jellyfish <span class="pho alt">ˈdʒel.i.fɪʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/jellyfish-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/jellyfish-us-female.mp3"></span>
+28. laptop <span class="pho alt">ˈlæp.tɑːp</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/laptop-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/laptop-us-female.mp3"></span>
+29. lighthouse <span class="pho alt">ˈlaɪt.haʊs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/lighthouse-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/lighthouse-us-female.mp3"></span>
+30. mailbox <span class="pho alt">ˈmeɪl.bɑːks</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/mailbox-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/mailbox-us-female.mp3"></span>
+31. moonlight <span class="pho alt">ˈmuːn.laɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/moonlight-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/moonlight-us-female.mp3"></span>
+32. notebook <span class="pho alt">ˈnoʊt.bʊk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/notebook-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/notebook-us-female.mp3"></span>
+33. nobody <span class="pho alt">ˈnoʊ.bɑː.di</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/nobody-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/nobody-us-female.mp3"></span>
+34. pancake <span class="pho alt">ˈpæn.keɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pancake-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pancake-us-female.mp3"></span>
+35. postcard <span class="pho alt">ˈpoʊst.kɑːrd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/postcard-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/postcard-us-female.mp3"></span>
+36. rainbow <span class="pho alt">ˈreɪn.boʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/rainbow-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/rainbow-us-female.mp3"></span>
+37. sailboat <span class="pho alt">ˈseɪl.boʊt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sailboat-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sailboat-us-female.mp3"></span>
+38. sandbox <span class="pho alt">ˈsænd.bɑːks</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sandbox-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sandbox-us-female.mp3"></span>
+39. seashore <span class="pho alt">ˈsiː.ʃɔːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/seashore-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/seashore-us-female.mp3"></span>
+40. skateboard <span class="pho alt">ˈskeɪt.bɔːrd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/skateboard-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/skateboard-us-female.mp3"></span>
+41. snowflake <span class="pho alt">ˈsnoʊ.fleɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/snowflake-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/snowflake-us-female.mp3"></span>
+42. spaceship <span class="pho alt">ˈspeɪs.ʃɪp</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/spaceship-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/spaceship-us-female.mp3"></span>
+43. sunflower <span class="pho alt">ˈsʌnˌflaʊ.ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sunflower-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sunflower-us-female.mp3"></span>
+44. sunshine <span class="pho alt">ˈsʌn.ʃaɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sunshine-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sunshine-us-female.mp3"></span>
+45. superhero <span class="pho alt">ˈsuː.pɚˌhɪr.oʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/superhero-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/superhero-us-female.mp3"></span>
+46. tablecloth <span class="pho alt">ˈteɪ.bəl.klɑːθ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/tablecloth-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/tablecloth-us-female.mp3"></span>
+47. toothbrush <span class="pho alt">ˈtuːθ.brʌʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/toothbrush-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/toothbrush-us-female.mp3"></span>
+48. toothpaste <span class="pho alt">ˈtuːθ.peɪst</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/toothpaste-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/toothpaste-us-female.mp3"></span>
+49. typewriter <span class="pho alt">ˈtaɪpˌraɪ.t̬ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/typewriter-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/typewriter-us-female.mp3"></span>
+50. underwater <span class="pho alt">ˌʌn.dɚˈwɑː.t̬ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/underwater-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/underwater-us-female.mp3"></span>
+51. upstairs <span class="pho alt">ʌpˈsterz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/upstairs-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/upstairs-us-female.mp3"></span>
+52. volleyball <span class="pho alt">ˈvɑː.li.bɑːl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/volleyball-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/volleyball-us-female.mp3"></span>
+53. waterfall <span class="pho alt">ˈwɑː.t̬ɚ.fɑːl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/waterfall-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/waterfall-us-female.mp3"></span>
+54. watermelon <span class="pho alt">ˈwɑː.t̬ɚˌmel.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/watermelon-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/watermelon-us-female.mp3"></span>
+55. weekend <span class="pho alt">ˈwiːk.end</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/weekend-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/weekend-us-female.mp3"></span>
+56. wheelchair <span class="pho alt">ˈwiːl.tʃer</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/wheelchair-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/wheelchair-us-female.mp3"></span>
+57. windmill <span class="pho alt">ˈwɪnd.mɪl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/windmill-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/windmill-us-female.mp3"></span>
+58. workshop <span class="pho alt">ˈwɝːk.ʃɑːp</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/workshop-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/workshop-us-female.mp3"></span>
--- a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4.3-components.md
+++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4.3-components.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+## 4.3 常见词根词缀（Common Roots and Affixes）
+
+英文的词根大多来自拉丁语；而常用词缀，包括前缀和后缀 —— 它们都是表意的。
+
+Most English word *roots* come from Latin, while commonly used *affixes*, including *prefixes* and *suffixes*, carry specific meanings, that is, *semantic*.
--- a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4.3.1-prefixes.md
+++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4.3.1-prefixes.md
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+### 4.3.1. 常见前缀（Common Prefixes）
+
+
+1. **un-** (not, opposite of)
+   - unhappy <span class="pho alt">ʌnˈhæp.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/unhappy-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/unhappy-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - unknown <span class="pho alt">ʌnˈnoʊn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/unknown-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/unknown-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - unusual <span class="pho alt">ʌnˈjuː.ʒu.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/unusual-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/unusual-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+2. **re-** (again, back)
+   - redo <span class="pho alt">riːˈduː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/redo-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/redo-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - review <span class="pho alt">rɪˈvjuː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/review-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/review-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - return <span class="pho alt">rɪˈtɝːn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/return-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/return-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+3. **in-** (not, into)
+   - incomplete <span class="pho alt">ˌɪn.kəmˈpliːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/incomplete-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/incomplete-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - invisible <span class="pho alt">ɪnˈvɪz.ə.bəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/invisible-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/invisible-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - inside <span class="pho alt">ɪnˈsaɪd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/inside-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/inside-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+4. **dis-** (not, opposite of)
+   - disagree <span class="pho alt">ˌdɪs.əˈɡriː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/disagree-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/disagree-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - disappear <span class="pho alt">ˌdɪs.əˈpɪr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/disappear-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/disappear-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - disconnect <span class="pho alt">ˌdɪs.kəˈnekt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/disconnect-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/disconnect-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+5. **pre-** (before)
+   - preview <span class="pho alt">ˈpriː.vjuː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/preview-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/preview-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - predict <span class="pho alt">prɪˈdɪkt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/predict-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/predict-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - preschool <span class="pho alt">ˈpriː.skuːl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/preschool-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/preschool-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+6. **mis-** (wrongly)
+   - misunderstand <span class="pho alt">ˌmɪs.ʌn.dɚˈstænd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/misunderstand-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/misunderstand-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - misplace <span class="pho alt">ˌmɪsˈpleɪs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/misplace-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/misplace-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - mislead <span class="pho alt">ˌmɪsˈliːd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/mislead-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/mislead-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+7. **non-** (not)
+   - nonstick <span class="pho alt">not exist</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/nonstick-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/nonstick-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - nonprofit <span class="pho alt">nɑnˈprɑf·ɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/nonprofit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/nonprofit-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - nonviolent <span class="pho alt">ˌnɑːnˈvaɪə.lənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/nonviolent-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/nonviolent-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+8. **over-** (too much)
+   - overeat <span class="pho alt">ˌoʊ.vɚˈiːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/overeat-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/overeat-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - overwork <span class="pho alt">ˌoʊ.vɚˈwɝːk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/overwork-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/overwork-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - overheat <span class="pho alt">ˌoʊ.vɚˈhiːt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/overheat-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/overheat-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+9. **sub-** (under)
+   - submarine <span class="pho alt">ˌsʌb.məˈriːn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/submarine-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/submarine-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - subtitle <span class="pho alt">ˈsʌbˌtaɪ.t̬əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/subtitle-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/subtitle-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - subconscious <span class="pho alt">ˌsʌbˈkɑːn.ʃəs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/subconscious-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/subconscious-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+10. **inter-** (between, among)
+    - international <span class="pho alt">ˌɪn.t̬ɚˈnæʃ.ən.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/international-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/international-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - interact <span class="pho alt">ˌɪn.t̬ɚˈækt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/interact-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/interact-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - interrupt <span class="pho alt">ˌɪn.t̬əˈrʌpt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/interrupt-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/interrupt-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+11. **trans-** (across, beyond)
+    - transport <span class="pho alt">ˈtræn.spɔːrt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/transport-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/transport-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - transfer <span class="pho alt">ˈtræns.fɝː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/transfer-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/transfer-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - transform <span class="pho alt">trænsˈfɔːrm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/transform-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/transform-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+12. **under-** (too little, below)
+    - underpaid <span class="pho alt">ˌʌn.dɚˈpeɪd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/underpaid-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/underpaid-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - underestimate <span class="pho alt">ˌʌn.dɚˈes.tə.meɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/underestimate-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/underestimate-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - underground <span class="pho alt">ˌʌn.dɚˈɡraʊnd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/underground-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/underground-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+13. **super-** (above, beyond)
+    - superhuman <span class="pho alt">ˌsuː.pɚˈhjuː.mən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/superhuman-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/superhuman-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - supermarket <span class="pho alt">ˈsuː.pɚˌmɑːr.kɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/supermarket-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/supermarket-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - supervisor <span class="pho alt">ˈsuː.pɚ.vaɪ.zɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/supervisor-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/supervisor-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+14. **semi-** (half, partly)
+    - semicircle <span class="pho alt">ˈsem.iˌsɝː.kəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/semicircle-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/semicircle-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - semifinal <span class="pho alt">ˌsem.iˈfaɪ.nəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/semifinal-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/semifinal-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - semiconscious <span class="pho alt">not exist</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/semiconscious-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/semiconscious-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+15. **anti-** (against)
+    - antibiotic <span class="pho alt">ˌæn.t̬i.baɪˈɑː.t̬ɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/antibiotic-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/antibiotic-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - antifreeze <span class="pho alt">ˈæn.t̬i.friːz</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/antifreeze-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/antifreeze-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - antisocial <span class="pho alt">ˌæn.t̬iˈsoʊ.ʃəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/antisocial-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/antisocial-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+16. **de-** (down, away from)
+    - devalue <span class="pho alt">ˌdiːˈvæl.juː</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/devalue-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/devalue-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - defrost <span class="pho alt">ˌdiːˈfrɑːst</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/defrost-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/defrost-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - decode <span class="pho alt">diːˈkoʊd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/decode-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/decode-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+17. **en-** (make, put into)
+    - enable <span class="pho alt">ɪˈneɪ.bəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/enable-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/enable-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - enrich <span class="pho alt">ɪnˈrɪtʃ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/enrich-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/enrich-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - encourage <span class="pho alt">ɪnˈkɝː.ɪdʒ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/encourage-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/encourage-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+18. **em-** (cause to)
+    - empower <span class="pho alt">-ˈpaʊr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/empower-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/empower-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - embrace <span class="pho alt">ɪmˈbreɪs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/embrace-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/embrace-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - employ <span class="pho alt">ɪmˈplɔɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/employ-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/employ-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+19. **non-** (not)
+    - nonexistent <span class="pho alt">ˌnɑn·ɪɡˈzɪs·tənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/nonexistent-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/nonexistent-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - nonsense <span class="pho alt">ˈnɑːn.sens</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/nonsense-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/nonsense-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - nonprofit <span class="pho alt">nɑnˈprɑf·ɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/nonprofit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/nonprofit-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+20. **mid-** (middle)
+    - midnight <span class="pho alt">ˈmɪd.naɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/midnight-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/midnight-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - midterm <span class="pho alt">ˈmɪd.tɝːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/midterm-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/midterm-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - midfield <span class="pho alt">ˈmɪd.fiːld</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/midfield-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/midfield-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
--- a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4.3.2-suffixes.md
+++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4.3.2-suffixes.md
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+# 4.3.2. 常见后缀（Common Suffixes）
+
+
+1. **-able** (capable of)
+   - readable <span class="pho alt">ˈriː.də.bəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/readable-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/readable-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - manageable <span class="pho alt">ˈmæn.ə.dʒə.bəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/manageable-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/manageable-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - comfortable <span class="pho alt">ˈkʌm.fɚ.t̬ə.bəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/comfortable-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/comfortable-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+2. **-ible** (capable of)
+   - visible <span class="pho alt">ˈvɪz.ə.bəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/visible-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/visible-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - flexible <span class="pho alt">ˈflek.sə.bəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/flexible-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/flexible-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - edible <span class="pho alt">ˈed.ə.bəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/edible-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/edible-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+3. **-al** (relating to)
+   - natural <span class="pho alt">ˈnætʃ.ɚ.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/natural-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/natural-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - musical <span class="pho alt">ˈmjuː.zɪ.kəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/musical-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/musical-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - personal <span class="pho alt">ˈpɝː.sən.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/personal-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/personal-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+4. **-ful** (full of)
+   - helpful <span class="pho alt">ˈhelp.fəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/helpful-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/helpful-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - joyful <span class="pho alt">ˈdʒɔɪ.fəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/joyful-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/joyful-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - careful <span class="pho alt">ˈker.fəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/careful-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/careful-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+5. **-less** (without)
+   - hopeless <span class="pho alt">ˈhoʊp.ləs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/hopeless-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/hopeless-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - fearless <span class="pho alt">ˈfɪr.ləs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/fearless-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/fearless-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - endless <span class="pho alt">ˈend.ləs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/endless-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/endless-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+6. **-ly** (in the manner of)
+   - quickly <span class="pho alt">ˈkwɪk.li</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/quickly-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/quickly-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - slowly <span class="pho alt">ˈsloʊ.li</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/slowly-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/slowly-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - happily <span class="pho alt">ˈhæp.əl.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/happily-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/happily-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+7. **-ment** (action or process)
+   - development <span class="pho alt">dɪˈvel.əp.mənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/development-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/development-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - agreement <span class="pho alt">əˈɡriː.mənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/agreement-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/agreement-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - improvement <span class="pho alt">ɪmˈpruːv.mənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/improvement-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/improvement-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+8. **-ness** (state or quality)
+   - kindness <span class="pho alt">ˈkaɪnd.nəs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/kindness-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/kindness-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - darkness <span class="pho alt">ˈdɑːrk.nəs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/darkness-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/darkness-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - happiness <span class="pho alt">ˈhæp.i.nəs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/happiness-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/happiness-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+9. **-er** (one who, comparative)
+   - teacher <span class="pho alt">ˈtiː.tʃɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/teacher-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/teacher-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - runner <span class="pho alt">ˈrʌn.ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/runner-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/runner-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - faster <span class="pho alt">fæst</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/faster-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/faster-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+10. **-or** (one who)
+    - actor <span class="pho alt">ˈæk.tɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/actor-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/actor-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - inventor <span class="pho alt">ɪnˈven.t̬ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/inventor-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/inventor-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - conductor <span class="pho alt">kənˈdʌk.tɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/conductor-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/conductor-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+11. **-ist** (one who practices)
+    - artist <span class="pho alt">ˈɑːr.t̬ɪst</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/artist-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/artist-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - scientist <span class="pho alt">ˈsaɪən.tɪst</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/scientist-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/scientist-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - pianist <span class="pho alt">ˈpiː.ən.ɪst</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pianist-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pianist-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+12. **-ion** (action or condition)
+    - celebration <span class="pho alt">ˌsel.əˈbreɪ.ʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/celebration-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/celebration-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - decision <span class="pho alt">dɪˈsɪʒ.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/decision-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/decision-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - creation <span class="pho alt">kriˈeɪ.ʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/creation-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/creation-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+13. **-tion** (action or condition)
+    - education <span class="pho alt">ˌedʒ.əˈkeɪ.ʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/education-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/education-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - suggestion <span class="pho alt">səˈdʒes.tʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/suggestion-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/suggestion-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - transportation <span class="pho alt">ˌtræn.spɚˈteɪ.ʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/transportation-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/transportation-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+14. **-sion** (state or condition)
+    - admission <span class="pho alt">ədˈmɪʃ.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/admission-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/admission-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - confusion <span class="pho alt">kənˈfjuː.ʒən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/confusion-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/confusion-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - extension <span class="pho alt">ɪkˈsten.ʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/extension-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/extension-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+15. **-ous** (full of)
+    - dangerous <span class="pho alt">ˈdeɪn.dʒɚ.əs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/dangerous-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/dangerous-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - nervous <span class="pho alt">ˈnɝː.vəs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/nervous-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/nervous-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - famous <span class="pho alt">ˈfeɪ.məs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/famous-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/famous-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+16. **-ive** (tending to)
+    - active <span class="pho alt">ˈæk.tɪv</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/active-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/active-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - creative <span class="pho alt">kriˈeɪ.t̬ɪv</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/creative-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/creative-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - attractive <span class="pho alt">əˈtræk.tɪv</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/attractive-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/attractive-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+17. **-ic** (relating to)
+    - artistic <span class="pho alt">ɑːrˈtɪs.tɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/artistic-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/artistic-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - athletic <span class="pho alt">æθˈlet̬.ɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/athletic-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/athletic-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - energetic <span class="pho alt">ˌen.ɚˈdʒet̬.ɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/energetic-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/energetic-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+18. **-ity** (state or quality)
+    - reality <span class="pho alt">riˈæl.ə.t̬i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/reality-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/reality-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - ability <span class="pho alt">əˈbɪl.ə.t̬i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/ability-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/ability-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - simplicity <span class="pho alt">sɪmˈplɪs.ə.t̬i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/simplicity-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/simplicity-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+19. **-ance** (state or quality)
+    - performance <span class="pho alt">pɚˈfɔːr.məns</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/performance-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/performance-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - importance <span class="pho alt">ɪmˈpɔːr.təns</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/importance-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/importance-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - acceptance <span class="pho alt">əkˈsep.təns</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/acceptance-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/acceptance-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+20. **-ence** (state or quality)
+    - difference <span class="pho alt">ˈdɪf.ɚ.əns</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/difference-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/difference-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - independence <span class="pho alt">ˌɪn.dɪˈpen.dəns</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/independence-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/independence-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - existence <span class="pho alt">ɪɡˈzɪs.təns</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/existence-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/existence-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
--- a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4.3.3-roots.md
+++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/4.3.3-roots.md
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+# 4.3.3. 常见词根（Common Roots）
+
+
+1. **aqua** (water)
+   - aquarium <span class="pho alt">əˈkwer.i.əm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/aquarium-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/aquarium-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - aquatic <span class="pho alt">əˈkwæt̬.ɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/aquatic-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/aquatic-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - aqueduct <span class="pho alt">ˈæk.wə.dʌkt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/aqueduct-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/aqueduct-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+2. **aud** (hear)
+   - audience <span class="pho alt">ˈɑː.di.əns</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/audience-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/audience-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - audio <span class="pho alt">ˈɑː.di.oʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/audio-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/audio-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - audition <span class="pho alt">ɑːˈdɪʃ.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/audition-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/audition-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+3. **bene** (good, well)
+   - benefit <span class="pho alt">ˈben.ə.fɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/benefit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/benefit-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - benevolent <span class="pho alt">bəˈnev.əl.ənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/benevolent-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/benevolent-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - benefactor <span class="pho alt">ˈben.ə.fæk.tɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/benefactor-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/benefactor-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+4. **cent** (hundred)
+   - century <span class="pho alt">ˈsen.tʃər.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/century-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/century-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - percent <span class="pho alt">pɚˈsent</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/percent-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/percent-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - centennial <span class="pho alt">senˈten.i.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/centennial-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/centennial-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+5. **dict** (say, speak)
+   - dictionary <span class="pho alt">ˈdɪk.ʃən.er.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/dictionary-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/dictionary-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - predict <span class="pho alt">prɪˈdɪkt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/predict-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/predict-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - dictate <span class="pho alt">ˈdɪk.teɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/dictate-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/dictate-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+6. **duc** (lead)
+   - conduct <span class="pho alt">kənˈdʌkt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/conduct-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/conduct-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - produce <span class="pho alt">prəˈduːs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/produce-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/produce-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - reduce <span class="pho alt">rɪˈduːs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/reduce-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/reduce-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+7. **fract** (break)
+   - fracture <span class="pho alt">ˈfræk.tʃɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/fracture-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/fracture-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - fraction <span class="pho alt">ˈfræk.ʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/fraction-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/fraction-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - infraction <span class="pho alt">ɪnˈfræk.ʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/infraction-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/infraction-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+8. **ject** (throw)
+   - project <span class="pho alt">ˈprɑː.dʒekt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/project-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/project-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - inject <span class="pho alt">ɪnˈdʒekt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/inject-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/inject-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - reject <span class="pho alt">rɪˈdʒekt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/reject-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/reject-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+9. **jud** (judge)
+   - judicial <span class="pho alt">dʒuːˈdɪʃ.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/judicial-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/judicial-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - prejudice <span class="pho alt">ˈpredʒ.ə.dɪs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/prejudice-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/prejudice-us-female.mp3"></span>
+   - judgment <span class="pho alt">ˈdʒʌdʒ.mənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/judgment-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/judgment-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+10. **mal** (bad, ill)
+    - malnutrition <span class="pho alt">ˌmæl.nuːˈtrɪʃ.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/malnutrition-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/malnutrition-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - malicious <span class="pho alt">məˈlɪʃ.əs</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/malicious-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/malicious-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - malfunction <span class="pho alt">ˌmælˈfʌŋk.ʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/malfunction-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/malfunction-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+11. **mater** (mother)
+    - maternal <span class="pho alt">məˈtɝː.nəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/maternal-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/maternal-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - maternity <span class="pho alt">məˈtɝː.nə.t̬i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/maternity-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/maternity-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - matriarch <span class="pho alt">ˈmeɪ.tri.ɑːrk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/matriarch-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/matriarch-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+12. **mit** (send)
+    - transmit <span class="pho alt">trænsˈmɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/transmit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/transmit-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - admit <span class="pho alt">ədˈmɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/admit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/admit-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - submit <span class="pho alt">səbˈmɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/submit-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/submit-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+13. **mort** (death)
+    - mortal <span class="pho alt">ˈmɔːr.t̬əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/mortal-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/mortal-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - mortician <span class="pho alt">mɔːrˈtɪʃ.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/mortician-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/mortician-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - mortify <span class="pho alt">ˈmɔːr.t̬ə.faɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/mortify-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/mortify-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+14. **multi** (many)
+    - multiple <span class="pho alt">ˈmʌl.tə.pəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/multiple-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/multiple-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - multiply <span class="pho alt">ˈmʌl.tə.plaɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/multiply-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/multiply-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - multinational <span class="pho alt">ˌmʌl.t̬iˈnæʃ.ən.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/multinational-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/multinational-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+15. **pend** (hang, weigh)
+    - pendant <span class="pho alt">ˈpen.dənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/pendant-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/pendant-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - suspend <span class="pho alt">səˈspend</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/suspend-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/suspend-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - depend <span class="pho alt">dɪˈpend</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/depend-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/depend-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+16. **port** (carry)
+    - transport <span class="pho alt">ˈtræn.spɔːrt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/transport-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/transport-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - export <span class="pho alt">ˈek.spɔːrt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/export-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/export-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - import <span class="pho alt">ˈɪm.pɔːrt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/import-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/import-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+17. **scrib/script** (write)
+    - describe <span class="pho alt">dɪˈskraɪb</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/describe-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/describe-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - manuscript <span class="pho alt">ˈmæn.jə.skrɪpt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/manuscript-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/manuscript-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - subscription <span class="pho alt">səbˈskrɪp.ʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/subscription-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/subscription-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+18. **sect/sec** (cut)
+    - section <span class="pho alt">ˈsek.ʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/section-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/section-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - dissect <span class="pho alt">daɪˈsekt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/dissect-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/dissect-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - intersect <span class="pho alt">ˌɪn.t̬ɚˈsekt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/intersect-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/intersect-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+19. **sent/sens** (feel)
+    - sensation <span class="pho alt">senˈseɪ.ʃən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sensation-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sensation-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - sensitive <span class="pho alt">ˈsen.sə.t̬ɪv</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/sensitive-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/sensitive-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - consent <span class="pho alt">kənˈsent</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/consent-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/consent-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+20. **spec/spect** (look)
+    - inspect <span class="pho alt">ɪnˈspekt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/inspect-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/inspect-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - spectator <span class="pho alt">spekˈteɪ.t̬ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/spectator-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/spectator-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - spectacle <span class="pho alt">ˈspek.tə.kəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/spectacle-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/spectacle-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+21. **struct** (build)
+    - construct <span class="pho alt">kənˈstrʌkt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/construct-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/construct-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - structure <span class="pho alt">ˈstrʌk.tʃɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/structure-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/structure-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - destruct <span class="pho alt">ˌself.dɪˈstrʌkt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/destruct-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/destruct-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+22. **tele** (far)
+    - telephone <span class="pho alt">ˈtel.ə.foʊn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/telephone-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/telephone-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - television <span class="pho alt">ˈtel.ə.vɪʒ.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/television-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/television-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - telegraph <span class="pho alt">ˈtel.ə.ɡræf</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/telegraph-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/telegraph-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+23. **terra** (earth)
+    - terrestrial <span class="pho alt">təˈres.tri.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/terrestrial-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/terrestrial-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - territory <span class="pho alt">ˈter.ə.tɔːr.i</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/territory-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/territory-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - terrain <span class="pho alt">təˈreɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/terrain-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/terrain-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+24. **vac** (empty)
+    - vacant <span class="pho alt">ˈveɪ.kənt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/vacant-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/vacant-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - vacuum <span class="pho alt">ˈvæk.juːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/vacuum-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/vacuum-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - evacuate <span class="pho alt">ɪˈvæk.ju.eɪt</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/evacuate-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/evacuate-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
+25. **vid/vis** (see)
+    - video <span class="pho alt">ˈvɪd.i.oʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/video-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/video-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - vision <span class="pho alt">ˈvɪʒ.ən</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/vision-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/vision-us-female.mp3"></span>
+    - invisible <span class="pho alt">ɪnˈvɪz.ə.bəl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us/invisible-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/us/invisible-us-female.mp3"></span>
+
--- a/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/5-sumup.md
+++ b/1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/5-sumup.md
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+
+# 5. 总结（Sum up）
+
+其实，读音与拼写，就是学英语的 “最少必要知识” 了。所谓的 “最少必要知识”，指的是那些实际上很少很少，却可以做到 “只要掌握了之后就可以开始有资格有资本自顾自前行” 的知识。
+
+Actually, pronunciation and spelling are the "minimum necessary knowledge" for learning English. "Minimum necessary knowledge" refers to the very basic yet crucial information that, once mastered, allows you to move forward independently.
+
+练好了正确发音，掌握了基本的拼写，接下来就可以直接用英语了。尤其是在人工智能已经在语言学习方面超越了所有英语老师甚至英语词典和语法书的今天。有什么不懂的，有什么不会的，直接问人工智能就可以了。它的答案一定是最好的（尤其是在英语方面），剩下的，只有一件事，用。在用的过程中练，在练的过程中用。
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+If you get your pronunciation right and learn basic spelling, you can start *using* English *right away*. This is especially true today when artificial intelligence has surpassed all English teachers, dictionaries, and grammar books in language learning. Whenever there's something you don't understand, you can just ask AI. Its answers, particularly for English, will be the best. After that, there's only one thing left to do: *practice*. *Use* English in practice and *practice* while using it.
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+祝你好运！
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+Good luck!