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xiaolai
2024-03-16 08:07:54 +08:00
committed by Lyric
parent e30da02171
commit afe2910f98
2 changed files with 9 additions and 6 deletions
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4
1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/3.2.3-td.md
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@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ The `t` sound may be the most complex in American English pronunciation — and
> * Standard `t` - This is the typical pronunciation, only used when `t` begins a stressed syllable, as in *take* `/teɪk/`.
> * 弹舌音 `t̬` - 夹在两个元音中间的 `t` 会变成接近 `d` 的弹舌音 `t̬`，比如，*water* `/ˈwɔt̬ɚ/`；
> * Flapped `t̬`: When `t` is situated between two vowels, it tends to be flapped `t̬`, sounding like `d`, as in water `/ˈwɔt̬ɚ/`.
> * 喉塞音 `ʔ` - `n` 之前的 `t` 有可能变成喉塞音 `ʔ`，比如，*fitness* `/ˈfɪʔnəs/`；
> * Glottal Stop `ʔ` - The `t` before `n` might transform into a glottal stop, as in fitness `/ˈfɪʔnəs/`.
> * 喉塞音 `ʔ` - `m/n` 之前的 `t` 有可能变成喉塞音 `ʔ`，比如，*utmost* `/ˈəʔˌmoʊst/`, *fitness* `/ˈfɪʔnəs/`, *witness* `/wiʔnetss*/`；
> * Glottal Stop `ʔ` - The `t` before `n` might transform into a glottal stop, as in *utmost* `/ˈəʔˌmoʊst/`, *fitness* `/ˈfɪʔnəs/`, or *witness* `/wiʔnetss*/`.
> * 省略音 `·` - `n` 之后的 `t` 可能会被省略掉，比如，*winter* `/ˈwɪn·ər/`……
> * Dropped `·` - The `t` following `n` might be omitted, as in winter `/ˈwɪn·ər/`...

11
1000-hours/sounds-of-american-english/3.4.1-stop.md
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@@ -26,14 +26,17 @@ Consider the word *hotdog*. You can't hear the 't,' but the articulation is comp
这类**停顿**（*stop*），也叫**塞音**，最常见的有 3 种：
There are three main types of stops, in English:
There are four main types of stops, in English:
> * 唇塞音：`p`、`b`、`m` —— I just cannot *hel**p*** myself. 第四个单词 `/help/` 末尾的 `p` 就是一个唇塞音。
> * **Labial stop**: As in *I just cannot *hel**p*** myself*, the `p` in `/help/` is a labial stop.
> * 齿塞音：`θ`、`ð` —— I wish the *pa**th*** to success was smoother. 第四个单词 `/pæθ/` 末尾的 `θ` 就是一个齿塞音。
> * **dental stop:** `θ`, `ð` - For example, in "I wish the *pa**th*** to success was smoother", the final `θ` in `pæθ` is a dental stop.
> * **Dental stop:** `θ`, `ð` - As in *I wish the *pa**th*** to success was smoother*, the final `θ` in `/pæθ/` is a dental stop.
> * 龈塞音: `t`、`d` —— He *trie**d*** to discuss his idea with his boss. 第二个单词 `/traɪd/` 末尾的 `d` 就是一个龈塞音。
> * **alveolar stop**: `t`, `d` - As in "He *trie**d*** to discuss his idea with his boss," where the final `d` in `/traɪd/` is an alveolar stop.
> * **Alveolar stop**: `t`, `d` - As in *He *trie**d*** to discuss his idea with his boss*, where the final `d` in `/traɪd/` is an alveolar stop.
> * 喉塞音：`k`、`g` —— IPA 里用 `ʔ` 标注。I don't *thin**k** that* is true. 第三个单词 *think* 末尾的 `k` 就是一个喉塞音，`/θɪŋʔ ðæt/`。另外一个喉塞音语 `k`、`g` 没有关系，*uh-oh*, `/ɑʔoʊ/`……
> * **glottal stop**: `k`, `g` - denoted as `ʔ` in IPA. *I don't think that is true*. The *k* at the end of the word *think* is a glottal stop, pronounced as `/θɪŋʔ ðæt/`. Another example of a glottal stop which is not related to `k` or `g` is in the expression `uh-oh`, pronounced as `/ɑʔoʊ/`...
> * **Glottal stop**: `k`, `g` - denoted as `ʔ` in IPA. *I don't think that is true*. The *k* at the end of the word *think* is a glottal stop, pronounced as `/θɪŋʔ ðæt/`. Another example of a glottal stop which is not related to `k` or `g` is in the expression `uh-oh`, pronounced as `/ɑʔoʊ/`...
不管是哪一种，都是因为之前的一个辅音**虽然并未发出声音却动作完整**造成的。