126 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
126 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
# 8.3. 音标练习
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这是一个 Jupyter Notebook，用来建立音标符号与声音之间的关联。
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每次执行，随即从《剑桥英语发声词典》中选取一个词汇，播放真人朗读语音，而后要求对元音或者辅音填空……
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> [phonetics-fill-in-exercise.ipynb](https://1000h.org/public/jupyter-notebooks/phonetics-fill-in-exercise.ipynb)
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执行结果如下：
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Jupyter Notebook 代码如下：
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``` Python
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# %%
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%pip install python-vlc
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# %%
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import requests
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import json
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import vlc
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import re
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import random
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from IPython.display import Audio
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import json
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import requests
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def load_json_database(source):
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records = []
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def parse_json_lines(lines):
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for line in lines:
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if line:
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try:
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record = json.loads(line)
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records.append(record)
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except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
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print(f"Error parsing JSON: {e}")
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try:
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if source.startswith('http://') or source.startswith('https://'):
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# Handle as URL
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response = requests.get(source)
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response.raise_for_status() # Raise an error for bad status codes
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parse_json_lines(response.iter_lines(decode_unicode=True))
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else:
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# Handle as file
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with open(source, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
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parse_json_lines(file)
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except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
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print(f"Error fetching data from URL: {e}")
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except FileNotFoundError as e:
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print(f"Error opening file: {e}")
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"An unexpected error occurred: {e}")
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return records
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url = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zelic91/camdict/main/cam_dict.refined.json"
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json_database = load_json_database(url)
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# %%
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def search_in_json_database(database, search_word, region):
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for record in database:
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# 检查 word 字段是否匹配
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if record.get('word') == search_word:
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# 找到匹配项后，获取美式发音信息
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pos_items = record.get('pos_items', [])
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for pos_item in pos_items:
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pronunciations = pos_item.get('pronunciations', [])
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for pronunciation in pronunciations:
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if pronunciation.get('region') == region:
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# 找到美式发音，返回相关信息
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return {
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'pronunciation': pronunciation.get('pronunciation'),
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'audio': pronunciation.get('audio')
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}
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# 如果没有找到匹配的 word 字段，返回 'not exist'
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return 'not exist'
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def replace_with_underscores(match):
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return '_' * len(match.group(0))
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# %%
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# get a random word from the database
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vowel_phonetics = re.compile(r'ɑː|ɑːr|ʌ||iː|ɪ|i|ɪr|ʊ|ʊr|uː|ʊr|e|er|æ|ə|ɚ|ɝː|ɒ|ɔː|ɔːr|ɔɪ|aɪ|aɪr|eɪ|aʊ|aʊr|oʊ|')
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consonant_phonetics = re.compile(r'p|b|t|d|k|ɡ|f|v|θ|ð|s|z|ʃ|ʒ|tʃ|dʒ|r|h|l|t̬|j|w|ŋ|n|m|tr|dr|ts|dz|br|pr|fr|ɡr|θr|dr|ʃr|kr|bl|kl|ɡl|fl|pl|sl|sp|st|sk|sm|sn|sw|str|spr|skr|spl|sfr|skw|skr|skl|')
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# if the word is with certain enddings such as 'es, ed, ing', get another word
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random_word = random.choice(json_database)
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while random_word['word'].endswith(('ed', 'ing', 'es', 'ts', 'ks', 'ds', 'ps', 'bs', 'gs', 'ls', 'rs', 'ms', 'ns', 'er', 'est')):
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random_word = random.choice(json_database)
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# get pronunciation of the random word with region 'us'
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random_word_us = search_in_json_database(json_database, random_word['word'], 'us')
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# get the word's phonetics
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random_word_entry = random_word['word']
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print(random_word_entry)
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random_word_phonetics = random_word_us['pronunciation']
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# get the audio url of the word
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random_word_us_audio_url = random_word_us['audio']
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print(random_word_us_audio_url)
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blank_vowel_phonetics = re.sub(vowel_phonetics, replace_with_underscores, random_word_phonetics)
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blank_consonant_phonetics = re.sub(consonant_phonetics, replace_with_underscores, random_word_phonetics)
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# fill vowels in blanks
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print(f'Fill vowels in blanks: {blank_vowel_phonetics}')
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# fill consonants in blanks
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print(f'Fill in consonants in blanks: {blank_consonant_phonetics}')
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# play the audio
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player = vlc.MediaPlayer(random_word_us['audio'])
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player.play()
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# display the audio
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Audio(url=random_word_us_audio_url)
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```
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