86 lines
7.8 KiB
Markdown
86 lines
7.8 KiB
Markdown
# 3.2.3. <span class="pho">k</span>/<span class="pho">g</span>
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## 3.2.3.1. 示例
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<table>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2"><strong>British (26)</strong></td>
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<td colspan="2"><strong>American (27)</strong></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>D.J.</td>
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<td>例词（Example）</td>
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<td>IPA</td>
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<td>例词（Example）</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><span class="pho">k</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/uk_phonetics_sound_cat_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><b>c</b>ard <span class="pho alt">kɑːd</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-female="/audios/card-uk-female.mp3" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/card-uk-male.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><span class="pho">k</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us_phonetics_sound_cat_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><b>c</b>ard <span class="pho alt">kɑːrd</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-female="/audios/card-us-female.mp3" data-audio-us-male="/audios/card-us-male.mp3"></span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><span class="pho">g</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/uk_phonetics_sound_give_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><b>g</b>ear <span class="pho alt">ɡɪə</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-uk-female="/audios/gear-uk-female.mp3" data-audio-uk-male="/audios/gear-uk-male.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><span class="pho">g</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/us_phonetics_sound_give_2023feb.mp3"></span></td>
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<td><b>g</b>ear <span class="pho alt">ɡɪr</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-female="/audios/gear-us-female.mp3" data-audio-us-male="/audios/gear-us-male.mp3"></span></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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## 3.2.3.2. 舍背动作
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幸亏各种语言里都有这两个音，否则的话，它们学起来原本可能挺困难……
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首先，这两个音需要舌背后部抬起来顶住软腭而后开始发音。这个动作在口腔深处，所以无法直接看到。绝大多数人其实并不知道自己具体是怎么发出这两个声音的，也没有人能想起来自己小时候是如何学会的。
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## 3.2.3.3. <span class="pho">ɤ</span>
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就好像 <span class="pho">t/d</span> 在发音的时候一样，<span class="pho">k/g</span> 也会自然带着一个很轻的元音，再一次，不是 <span class="pho">ə</span> 而是 <span class="pho">ɤ</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-other="/audios/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3"></span>，但只有气流通过，没有声带振动。请仔细体会一下 *class* 的发音：<span class="pho alt">klæs</span><span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/class-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/class-us-female.mp3"></span> —— 其中 <span class="pho">ɤ</span> 的音色，虽然轻微但也明显。
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## 3.2.3.4. <span class="pho">k</span> 的浊化
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另外，夹在两个元音之间的 <span class="pho">k</span> 也会出现像 <span class="pho">t</span> 夹在两个元音之间时那样的浊化现象，听起来更接近 <span class="pho">g</span>。比如，*look out*<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/look-out-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/look-out-us-female.mp3"></span>，*seek out*<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/seek-out-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/seek-out-us-female.mp3"></span>，*woke up*<span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/woke-up-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/woke-up-us-female.mp3"></span>。
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## 3.2.4. 常见拼写
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### <span class="pho">k</span>
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* **k**
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* kid <span class="pho alt">kɪd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/kid-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/kid-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* like <span class="pho alt">laɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/like-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/like-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* skin <span class="pho alt">skɪn</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/skin-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/skin-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **c**
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* climb <span class="pho alt">klaɪm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/climb-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/climb-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* cream <span class="pho alt">kriːm</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/cream-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/cream-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* cry <span class="pho alt">kraɪ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/cry-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/cry-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **ch**
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* ache <span class="pho alt">eɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/ache-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/ache-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* chemistry <span class="pho alt">ˈkem.ə.stri</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/chemistry-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/chemistry-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* school <span class="pho alt">skuːl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/school-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/school-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **ck**
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* brick <span class="pho alt">brɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/brick-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/brick-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* click <span class="pho alt">klɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/click-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/click-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* kick <span class="pho alt">kɪk</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/kick-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/kick-us-female.mp3"></span>
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### <span class="pho">g</span>
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* **g**
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* get <span class="pho alt">ɡet</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/get-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/get-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* go <span class="pho alt">ɡoʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/go-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/go-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* logo <span class="pho alt">ˈloʊɡoʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/logo-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/logo-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **gg**
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* beggar<span class="pho alt">ˈbeɡ.ɚ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/beggar-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/beggar-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* egg <span class="pho alt">eɡ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/egg-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/egg-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* waggle <span class="pho alt">ˈwæɡ.əl</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/waggle-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/waggle-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **gh**
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* ghost <span class="pho alt">ɡoʊst</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/ghost-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/ghost-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* ghetto <span class="pho alt">ˈɡet̬.oʊ</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/ghetto-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/ghetto-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* **gu**
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* guard <span class="pho alt">ɡɑːrd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/guard-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/guard-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* guide <span class="pho alt">ɡaɪd</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/guide-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/guide-us-female.mp3"></span>
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* guitar <span class="pho alt">ɡɪˈtɑːr</span> <span class="speak-word-inline" data-audio-us-male="/audios/guitar-us-male.mp3" data-audio-us-female="/audios/guitar-us-female.mp3"></span>
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